Relevant bibliographies by topics / Alignment of signals

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Alignment of signals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Alignment of signals"

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Vedder, C. J. G., and N. E. Chisari. "Galaxy clusters as intrinsic alignment tracers: present and future." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 5561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3633.

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ABSTRACT Galaxies and clusters embedded in the large-scale structure of the Universe are observed to align in preferential directions. Galaxy alignment has been established as a potential probe for cosmological information, but the application of cluster alignments for these purposes remains unexplored. Clusters are observed to have a higher alignment amplitude than galaxies, but because galaxies are much more numerous, the trade-off in detectability between the two signals remains unclear. We present forecasts comparing cluster and galaxy alignments for two extragalactic survey set-ups: a currently available low-redshift survey (Sloan Digital Sky Survey, SDSS) and an upcoming higher redshift survey (Legacy Survey of Space and Time, LSST). For SDSS, we rely on the publicly available redmapper catalogue to describe the cluster sample. For LSST, we perform estimations of the expected number counts while we extrapolate the alignment measurements from SDSS. Clusters in SDSS have typically higher alignment signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) than galaxies. For LSST, the cluster alignment signals quickly wash out with redshift due to a relatively low number count and a decreasing alignment amplitude. Nevertheless, a potential strong suit of clusters is in their interplay with weak lensing: intrinsic alignments can be more easily isolated for clusters than for galaxies. The S/N of cluster alignment can in general be improved by isolating close pairs along the line of sight.
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Coakley, K. J., and P. Hale. "Alignment of noisy signals." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 50, no. 1 (2001): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.903892.

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Jiang, Yihang, Yuankai Qi, Will Ke Wang, Brinnae Bent, Robert Avram, Jeffrey Olgin, and Jessilyn Dunn. "EventDTW: An Improved Dynamic Time Warping Algorithm for Aligning Biomedical Signals of Nonuniform Sampling Frequencies." Sensors 20, no. 9 (May 9, 2020): 2700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092700.

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The dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm is widely used in pattern matching and sequence alignment tasks, including speech recognition and time series clustering. However, DTW algorithms perform poorly when aligning sequences of uneven sampling frequencies. This makes it difficult to apply DTW to practical problems, such as aligning signals that are recorded simultaneously by sensors with different, uneven, and dynamic sampling frequencies. As multi-modal sensing technologies become increasingly popular, it is necessary to develop methods for high quality alignment of such signals. Here we propose a DTW algorithm called EventDTW which uses information propagated from defined events as basis for path matching and hence sequence alignment. We have developed two metrics, the error rate (ER) and the singularity score (SS), to define and evaluate alignment quality and to enable comparison of performance across DTW algorithms. We demonstrate the utility of these metrics on 84 publicly-available signals in addition to our own multi-modal biomedical signals. EventDTW outperformed existing DTW algorithms for optimal alignment of signals with different sampling frequencies in 37% of artificial signal alignment tasks and 76% of real-world signal alignment tasks.
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Chen, Xun. "Accurate alignment on asymmetrical signals." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 15, no. 6 (November 1997): 2185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.589610.

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Yao, Xiang Wen, Yun Peng Hu, Zhi Xiang Shen, and Cai Yao Shen. "A Method of Multi-Antenna Signal Time-Delay Alignment Algorithm for Cyclostationary Signals." Applied Mechanics and Materials 536-537 (April 2014): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.3.

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In the signal combining system of deep space network, the estimation error of time-delay between signals will reduce the effectiveness. The time-delay alignment technique based on combined output signal as the reference (CC-SUMPLE algorithm) makes use of the mutual information offered by multi-antenna and improves the alignment performance. However, it only takes ordinary cross-correlation into consideration rather than the cyclostationary of digital communication signal during calculating time-delay in the iterative process. As to this problem, this paper proposes multi-antenna signal time-delay alignment algorithm based on cyclostationary of communication signal (MCCC-SUMPLE algorithm) which reconstructs the combined reference signal and takes advantage of multi-cycle frequencies. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm will improve the estimation accuracy and time-delay alignment performance compared with CC-SUMPLE algorithm.
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Laroche, C., T. Leroux, C. Giguère, and P. Poirier. "Field Evaluation of Audible Traffic Signals for Blind Pedestrians." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 22 (July 2000): 730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402261.

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The project aims to single out an audible traffic signal or a pair of audible traffic signals that would enable blind pedestrians to cross intersections safely. This is carried out in three phases: 1) measuring walking alignment and crossing time of blind pedestrian subjects within a simulated corridor, with four different simultaneous traffic signals (cuckoo, peep-peep, 4-note melody and neo-cuckoo) presented in a quiet environment, 2) measuring alignment with audible traffic signals alternating on each end of the simulated corridor, in a quiet environment and 3) measuring alignment at a busy real intersection. This paper reports on the results of the first two phases. The 4-note melody originally proposed by Hall et al. (1996) and modified in a recent study (Laroche et al., 1999) gave better results in terms of localization and perception of safety than any other signals specified in the Canadian standard (Transportation Association of Canada, 1992). Audible traffic signals alternating back and forth on each side of the corridor gave better results than signals presented simultaneously from both sides.
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Hara, Kenji. "An alignment technique using diffracted moiré signals." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 7, no. 6 (November 1989): 1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.584660.

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Zhang, Yanshun, Baichao Ding, Xiaojuan Huang, Tao Yang, and Xiaodong Liu. "Multi-Sensor, Adjustable-Period Integrated Navigation Method Based on Multi-Stage Signal Trigger for Underwater Vehicles." Journal of Navigation 71, no. 1 (August 29, 2017): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463317000571.

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For underwater vehicle navigation sensors, the output signal periods are different and time-varying. This would result in the decline of precision, and even wrong results. To deal with the problem, this paper puts forward a multi-sensor, adjustable-period integrated navigation method based on multi-stage signal trigger. This method considers the valid signals of a Doppler Velocity Log (DVL) as the trigger signals of a Dead-Reckoning (DR) navigation program. It also considers the valid signals of an acoustic positioning sensor as the trigger signals of the integrated navigation program. In this method, it can adjust the filtering period in real time. According to the time label of signals, this method actualises the time-space alignment of sensors. Then it conducts DR navigation and integrated navigation. The method can not only utilise the valid signals of each sensor sufficiently but also fuses the data based on time-space alignment efficiently. Sea trial data shows that when the output signal periods are certain, navigation precision of the method in this paper is better than a non-adjustable-period filtering method. Moreover, in poor conditions, it can also attain a high precision.
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Pandya, Viraj, Joel Primack, Peter Behroozi, Avishai Dekel, Haowen Zhang, Elliot Eckholm, Sandra M. Faber, et al. "Can intrinsic alignments of elongated low-mass galaxies be used to map the cosmic web at high redshift?" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 488, no. 4 (August 2, 2019): 5580–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2129.

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ABSTRACT Hubble Space Telescope observations show that low-mass ($M_*=10^9\!-\!10^{10}\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$) galaxies at high redshift (z = 1.0–2.5) tend to be elongated (prolate) rather than disky (oblate) or spheroidal. This is explained in zoom-in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations by the fact that these galaxies are forming in cosmic web filaments where accretion happens preferentially along the direction of elongation. We ask whether the elongated morphology of these galaxies allows them to be used as effective tracers of cosmic web filaments at high redshift via their intrinsic alignments. Using mock light cones and spectroscopically confirmed galaxy pairs from the Cosmic Assembly Near-infared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS), we test two types of alignments: (1) between the galaxy major axis and the direction to nearby galaxies of any mass and (2) between the major axes of nearby pairs of low-mass, likely prolate, galaxies. The mock light cones predict strong signals in 3D real space, 3D redshift space, and 2D projected redshift space for both types of alignments (assuming prolate galaxy orientations are the same as those of their host prolate haloes), but we do not detect significant alignment signals in CANDELS observations. However, we show that spectroscopic redshifts have been obtained for only a small fraction of highly elongated galaxies, and accounting for spectroscopic incompleteness and redshift errors significantly degrades the 2D mock signal. This may partly explain the alignment discrepancy and highlights one of several avenues for future work.
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Chen, X. "Performance of adaptive alignment method on asymmetric signals." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 16, no. 6 (November 1998): 3637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.590318.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alignment of signals"

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Simpson, David M. "Reconstruction of undersampled signals and alignment in the frequency domain." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47260.

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Nunes, Neuza Filipa Martins. "Algorithms for time series clustering applied to biomedical signals." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5666.

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Thesis submitted in the fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master in Biomedical Engineering
The increasing number of biomedical systems and applications for human body understanding creates a need for information extraction tools to use in biosignals. It’s important to comprehend the changes in the biosignal’s morphology over time, as they often contain critical information on the condition of the subject or the status of the experiment. The creation of tools that automatically analyze and extract relevant attributes from biosignals, providing important information to the user, has a significant value in the biosignal’s processing field. The present dissertation introduces new algorithms for time series clustering, where we are able to separate and organize unlabeled data into different groups whose signals are similar to each other. Signal processing algorithms were developed for the detection of a meanwave, which represents the signal’s morphology and behavior. The algorithm designed computes the meanwave by separating and averaging all cycles of a cyclic continuous signal. To increase the quality of information given by the meanwave, a set of wave-alignment techniques was also developed and its relevance was evaluated in a real database. To evaluate our algorithm’s applicability in time series clustering, a distance metric created with the information of the automatic meanwave was designed and its measurements were given as input to a K-Means clustering algorithm. With that purpose, we collected a series of data with two different modes in it. The produced algorithm successfully separates two modes in the collected data with 99.3% of efficiency. The results of this clustering procedure were compared to a mechanism widely used in this area, which models the data and uses the distance between its cepstral coefficients to measure the similarity between the time series.The algorithms were also validated in different study projects. These projects show the variety of contexts in which our algorithms have high applicability and are suitable answers to overcome the problems of exhaustive signal analysis and expert intervention. The algorithms produced are signal-independent, and therefore can be applied to any type of signal providing it is a cyclic signal. The fact that this approach doesn’t require any prior information and the preliminary good performance make these algorithms powerful tools for biosignals analysis and classification.
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Alm, Erik. "Solving the correspondence problem in analytical chemistry : Automated methods for alignment and quantification of multiple signals." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för analytisk kemi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-74556.

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When applying statistical data analysis techniques to analytical chemical data, all variables must have correspondence over the samples dimension in order for the analysis to generate meaningful results. Peak shifts in NMR and chromatography destroys that correspondence and creates data matrices that have to be aligned before analysis. In this thesis, new methods are introduced that allow for automated transformation from unaligned raw data to aligned data matrices where each column corresponds to a unique signal. These methods are based around linear multivariate models for the peak shifts and Hough transform for establishing the parameters of these linear models. Methods for quantification under difficult conditions, such as crowded spectral regions, noisy data and unknown peak identities are also introduced. These methods include automated peak selection and a robust method for background subtraction. This thesis focuses on the processing of the data; the experimental work is secondary and is not discussed in great detail. All the developed methods are put together in a full procedure that takes us from raw data to a table of concentrations in a matter of minutes. The procedure is applied to 1H-NMR data from biological samples, which is one of the toughest alignment tasks available in the field of analytical chemistry. It is shown that the procedure performs consistently on the same level as much more labor intensive manual techniques such as Chenomx NMRSuite spectral profiling. Several kinds of datasets are evaluated using the procedure. Most of the data is from the field of Metabolomics, where the goal is to establish concentrations of as many small molecules as possible in biological samples.
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Rais, Theodor Bernard. "Conserved signals of non coding RNA across 73 genes associated with Autistic Spectrum Disorders." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1243549997.

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Hässig, Fonseca Santiago. "Applications and optimization of response surface methodologies in high-pressure, high-temperature gauges." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44902.

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High-Pressure, High-Temperature (HPHT) pressure gauges are commonly used in oil wells for pressure transient analysis. Mathematical models are used to relate input perturbation (e.g., flow rate transients) with output responses (e.g., pressure transients), and subsequently, solve an inverse problem that infers reservoir parameters. The indispensable use of pressure data in well testing motivates continued improvement in the accuracy (quality), sampling rate (quantity), and autonomy (lifetime) of pressure gauges. This body of work presents improvements in three areas of high-pressure, high-temperature quartz memory gauge technology: calibration accuracy, multi-tool signal alignment, and tool autonomy estimation. The discussion introduces the response surface methodology used to calibrate gauges, develops accuracy and autonomy estimates based on controlled tests, and where applicable, relies on field gauge drill stem test data to validate accuracy predictions. Specific contributions of this work include: - Application of the unpaired sample t-test, a first in quartz sensor calibration, which resulted in reduction of uncertainty in gauge metrology by a factor of 2.25, and an improvement in absolute and relative tool accuracies of 33% and 56%, accordingly. Greater accuracy yields more reliable data and a more sensitive characterization of well parameters. - Post-processing of measurements from 2+ tools using a dynamic time warp algorithm that mitigates gauge clock drifts. Where manual alignment methods account only for linear shifts, the dynamic algorithm elastically corrects nonlinear misalignments accumulated throughout a job with an accuracy that is limited only by the clock's time resolution. - Empirical modeling of tool autonomy based on gauge selection, battery pack, sampling mode, and average well temperature. A first of its kind, the model distills autonomy into two independent parameters, each a function of the same two orthogonal factors: battery power capacity and gauge current consumption as functions of sampling mode and well temperature -- a premise that, for 3+ gauge and battery models, reduces the design of future autonomy experiments by at least a factor of 1.5.
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Dzhambazov, Georgi. "Knowledge-based probabilistic modeling for tracking lyrics in music audio signals." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404681.

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This thesis proposes specific signal processing and machine learning methodologies for automatically aligning the lyrics of a song to its corresponding audio recording. The research carried out falls in the broader field of music information retrieval (MIR) and in this respect, we aim at improving some existing state-of-the-art methodologies, by introducing domain-specific knowledge. The goal of this work is to devise models capable of tracking in the music audio signal the sequential aspect of one particular element of lyrics - the phonemes. Music can be understood as comprising different facets, one of which is lyrics. The models we build take into account the complementary context that exists around lyrics, which is any musical facet complementary to lyrics. The facets used in this thesis include the structure of the music composition, structure of a melodic phrase, the structure of a metrical cycle. From this perspective, we analyse not only the low-level acoustic characteristics, representing the timbre of the phonemes, but also higher-level characteristics, in which the complementary context manifests. We propose specific probabilistic models to represent how the transitions between consecutive sung phonemes are conditioned by different facets of complementary context. The complementary context, which we address, unfolds in time according to principles that are particular of a music tradition. To capture these, we created corpora and datasets for two music traditions, which have a rich set of such principles: Ottoman Turkish makam and Beijing opera. The datasets and the corpora comprise different data types: audio recordings, music scores, and metadata. From this perspective, the proposed models can take advantage both of the data and the music-domain knowledge of particular musical styles to improve existing baseline approaches. As a baseline, we choose a phonetic recognizer based on hidden Markov models (HMM): a widely-used methodology for tracking phonemes both in singing and speech processing problems. We present refinements in the typical steps of existing phonetic recognizer approaches, tailored towards the characteristics of the studied music traditions. On top of the refined baseline, we device probabilistic models, based on dynamic Bayesian networks (DBN) that represent the relation of phoneme transitions to its complementary context. Two separate models are built for two granularities of complementary context: the structure of a melodic phrase (higher-level) and the structure of the metrical cycle (finer-level). In one model we exploit the fact the syllable durations depend on their position within a melodic phrase. Information about the melodic phrases is obtained from the score, as well as from music-specific knowledge.Then in another model, we analyse how vocal note onsets, estimated from audio recordings, influence the transitions between consecutive vowels and consonants. We also propose how to detect the time positions of vocal note onsets in melodic phrases by tracking simultaneously the positions in a metrical cycle (i.e. metrical accents). In order to evaluate the potential of the proposed models, we use the lyrics-to-audio alignment as a concrete task. Each model improves the alignment accuracy, compared to the baseline, which is based solely on the acoustics of the phonetic timbre. This validates our hypothesis that knowledge of complementary context is an important stepping stone for computationally tracking lyrics, especially in the challenging case of singing with instrumental accompaniment. The outcomes of this study are not only theoretic methodologies and data, but also specific software tools that have been integrated into Dunya - a suite of tools, built in the context of CompMusic, a project for advancing the computational analysis of the world's music. With this application, we have also shown that the developed methodologies are useful not only for tracking lyrics, but also for other use cases, such as enriched music listening and appreciation, or for educational purposes.
La tesi aquí presentada proposa metodologies d’aprenentatge automàtic i processament de senyal per alinear automàticament el text d’una cançó amb el seu corresponent enregistrament d’àudio. La recerca duta a terme s’engloba en l’ampli camp de l’extracció d’informació musical (Music Information Retrieval o MIR). Dins aquest context la tesi pretén millorar algunes de les metodologies d’última generació del camp introduint coneixement específic de l’àmbit. L’objectiu d’aquest treball és dissenyar models que siguin capaços de detectar en la senyal d’àudio l’aspecte seqüencial d’un element particular dels textos musicals; els fonemes. Podem entendre la música com la composició de diversos elements entre els quals podem trobar el text. Els models que construïm tenen en compte el context complementari del text. El context són tots aquells aspectes musicals que complementen el text, dels quals hem utilitzat en aquest tesi: la estructura de la composició musical, la estructura de les frases melòdiques i els accents rítmics. Des d’aquesta prespectiva analitzem no només les característiques acústiques de baix nivell, que representen el timbre musical dels fonemes, sinó també les característiques d’alt nivell en les quals es fa patent el context complementari. En aquest treball proposem models probabilístics específics que representen com les transicions entre fonemes consecutius de veu cantanda es veuen afectats per diversos aspectes del context complementari. El context complementari que tractem aquí es desenvolupa en el temps en funció de les característiques particulars de cada tradició musical. Per tal de modelar aquestes característiques hem creat corpus i conjunts de dades de dues tradicions musicals que presenten una gran riquesa en aquest aspectes; la música de l’opera de Beijing i la música makam turc-otomana. Les dades són de diversos tipus; enregistraments d’àudio, partitures musicals i metadades. Des d’aquesta prespectiva els models proposats poden aprofitar-se tant de les dades en si mateixes com del coneixement específic de la tradició musical per a millorar els resultats de referència actuals. Com a resultat de referència prenem un reconeixedor de fonemes basat en models ocults de Markov (Hidden Markov Models o HMM), una metodologia abastament emprada per a detectar fonemes tant en la veu cantada com en la parlada. Presentem millores en els processos comuns dels reconeixedors de fonemes actuals, ajustant-los a les característiques de les tradicions musicals estudiades. A més de millorar els resultats de referència també dissenyem models probabilistics basats en xarxes dinàmiques de Bayes (Dynamic Bayesian Networks o DBN) que respresenten la relació entre la transició dels fonemes i el context complementari. Hem creat dos models diferents per dos aspectes del context complementari; la estructura de la frase melòdica (alt nivell) i la estructura mètrica (nivell subtil). En un dels models explotem el fet que la duració de les síl·labes depén de la seva posició en la frase melòdica. Obtenim aquesta informació sobre les frases musical de la partitura i del coneixement específic de la tradició musical. En l’altre model analitzem com els atacs de les notes vocals, estimats directament dels enregistraments d’àudio, influencien les transicions entre vocals i consonants consecutives. A més també proposem com detectar les posicions temporals dels atacs de les notes en les frases melòdiques a base de localitzar simultàniament els accents en un cicle mètric musical. Per tal d’evaluar el potencial dels mètodes proposats utlitzem la tasca específica d’alineament de text amb àudio. Cada model proposat millora la precisió de l’alineament en comparació als resultats de referència, que es basen exclusivament en les característiques acústiques tímbriques dels fonemes. D’aquesta manera validem la nostra hipòtesi de que el coneixement del context complementari ajuda a la detecció automàtica de text musical, especialment en el cas de veu cantada amb acompanyament instrumental. Els resultats d’aquest treball no consisteixen només en metodologies teòriques i dades, sinó també en eines programàtiques específiques que han sigut integrades a Dunya, un paquet d’eines creat en el context del projecte de recerca CompMusic, l’objectiu del qual és promoure l’anàlisi computacional de les músiques del món. Gràcies a aquestes eines demostrem també que les metodologies desenvolupades es poden fer servir per a altres aplicacions en el context de la educació musical o la escolta musical enriquida.
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Korifi, Rabia. "Développement de nouvelles méthodologies de traitement des signaux analytiques : application aux signaux chromatographiques. Analyse de mélanges complexes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4323.

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Cette thèse porte sur la création d'un système expert d'alignement automatique des signaux chromatographiques répondant à une problématique de dérives et de décalages de signaux rencontrée dans l'inter-comparaison de données en milieu évolutif. Après un état de l'art des différentes méthodes d'alignement qui existent dans la littérature, les performances des méthodes librement disponibles ont été testées sur des jeux de données chromatographiques simulées et réelles. A l'issu de ce travail méthodique, il s'est avéré qu'aucune des méthodes n'apportait pleinement satisfaction en matière de performances définies dans le cahier des charges. Ainsi, une optimisation de la meilleure de ces méthodes d'alignement a été développée afin qu'elle puisse être annexée à un logiciel d'acquisition et de traitement de données chromatographiques. La dernière partie de ce manuscrit traite d'une problématique complémentaire, la conformité des échantillons en terme de contrôle qualité. La similitude des pics est évaluée selon des critères développés et validés par une exploitation manuelle des données
This thesis focuses on the creation of an expert system for automatic alignment of chromatographic signals in response to a problem of drifts and shifts of signals encountered in the inter-comparison of data in evolving environment. After a state of the art of the different alignment methods that exist in the literature, the performances of freely available methods were tested on sets of simulated and real chromatographic data. At the end of this methodical work, it turned out that none of the methods did not provide fully satisfactory in terms of performance defined in the specification. Thus, an optimization of the best alignment method has been developed so that it can be attached to a software acquisition and processing of chromatographic data. The last part of this thesis deals with a complementary problem, the conformity of the samples in terms of quality control. The similarity of the peaks is evaluated according to criteria developed and validated by manual operation data
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Franco, García Vicente. "Evaluation and improvement of road vehicle pollutant emission factors based on instantaneous emissions data processing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/146187.

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Introduction
Current instrumentation makes it possible to measure vehicle emissions with high temporal resolution. But the increased resolution of emissions signals does not equate with increased accuracy. A prerequisite for the derivation of accurate emission factors from instantaneous vehicle emissions data is a fine allocation of measured mass emissions to recorded engine or vehicle states. This poses a technical challenge, because vehicle emission test facilities are not designed to support instantaneous emissions modelling, and they introduce distorting effects that compromise the instantaneous accuracy of the measured signals.

Methodology
These distorting effects can be compensated through a combination of physical modelling and data post-processing. The main original contribution of this dissertation is a novel methodology for the compensation of instantaneous emission signals, which is fully described herein. Whereas previous methodologies relied on systems theory modelling, and on comprehensive testing to model the sub-systems of the measurement setup, the alternative approach uses CO2 as a tracer of the distortions brought about by the measurement setup, which is modelled as a 'lump' system.

Conclusions
The main benefits of this methodology are its low burden of experimental work and its flexibility. Furthermore, it has been fully implemented in the 'esto' software tool, which can perform the compensation of emission signals with minimal user intervention and speed up the creation of engine emission maps.

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Vimond, Myriam. "Inférence statistique par des transformées de Fourier pour des modèles de régression semi-paramétriques." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00185102.

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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions des modèles semi-paramétriques dits de forme invariante. Ces modèles consistent en l'observation d'un nombre fixés de fonctions de régression identiques à un opérateur de déformation paramétriques près. Ce type de modèles trouve des applications dans les problèmes d'alignement de signaux continus (images 2D, rythmes biologiques, ...) ou discrets (electroencéphalogramme, ...). Pour différents groupes de déformations, nous proposons des M-estimateurs pour les paramètres caractérisant les opérateurs associés aux fonctions de régression. Ces estimateurs minimisent ou maximisent des fonctions de contraste, construites à partir de la moyenne synchronisée des transformées de Fourier des données. De plus, pour l'un des modèles étudiés, nous prouvons l'efficacité semi-paramétrique de cet estimateur ainsi défini, et nous proposons un test d'adéquation du modèle de forme invariante construit à partir d'une des fonctions de contraste.
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梁迅中 and Shun-chung Leung. "Silicon compiler for bit-serial signal processing architecture with automatic time alignment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207741.

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Books on the topic "Alignment of signals"

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Lyles, R. W. Communicating changes in horizontal alignment. Washington, D.C: Transportation Research Board, 2006.

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Jafar, Syed A. Interference alignment: A new look at signal dimensions in a Communication network. Boston: Now, 2011.

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ST 2059-1:2015 : Generation and Alignment of Interface Signals to the SMPTE Epoch. The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/smpte.st2059-1.2015.

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Campione, Marina, Amelia Aranega, and Diego Franco. Cardiac looping and laterality. Edited by José Maria Pérez-Pomares, Robert G. Kelly, Maurice van den Hoff, José Luis de la Pompa, David Sedmera, Cristina Basso, and Deborah Henderson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757269.003.0014.

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Dextral looping is a complex process which progresses concomitantly with cardiac chamber differentiation and ultimately leads to the final alignment of the cardiac regions. Generation of cardiac asymmetry is crucial to ensure the proper form and consequent function of the heart and thus is a highly regulated process. Molecular signals originate long before morphological asymmetry and therefore can direct it; a complex regulatory network has been characterized which invariably converges on the Tgf-β‎ signalling molecule Nodal and its downstream target, the homeobox transcription factor Pitx2. We review current data regarding the cellular and molecular bases of cardiac looping and laterality, and describe current understaning of the role of Nodal and Pitx2. The morphogenetic role of the Pitx2 gene and its modulation of transcription and function, which have recently linked laterality to atrial fibrillation, are emphasized.
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Gillam, Barbara. Subjective Contours. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0098.

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Subjective contours are perceived edges of surfaces in locations where there is no physical contour in the image. They cannot be regarded as a general neural filling-in process because they only occur as the edges of apparently occluding surfaces (surfaces in a scene that hide other surfaces or contours). This chapter shows how subjective contours are elicited by contextual evidence for surface stratification especially by “inducers” that signal in various ways that they are occluded in the location where the subjective contour appears. This can be two-dimensional information about figure shapes and alignments or three-dimensional information about depth relationships.
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Luzzi, Joseph. The Task of Italian Romanticism. Edited by Paul Hamilton. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199696383.013.20.

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This chapter revisits the heated controversies over Italian Romanticism to show that they actually represent a vital literarymode. In short, the debates led to the creation of literary masterpieces that carry within themselves the signs of the age’s literary polemics. The public debate about the relation between literary and national identity made authors aware of their political responsibilities toward the yet-to-be-born Italian nation. Foscolo, Leopardi, and Manzoni avoided direct alignment with mainstream Romantic thought, but enjoyed a greater literary and artistic freedom than their more doctrinaire (and less talented) contemporaries. Italy’s isolation from much of European intellectual life gave the nation’s controversies over Romanticism a dramatic, almost desperate air, as the subtext over whether Italy would become ‘Romantic’ was equal to asking whether it could become ‘modern’.
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Book chapters on the topic "Alignment of signals"

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Molina, Valentín, Paola A. Molina, Horderlin V. Robles, Hermann Dávila, and Luis J. Martínez. "Baseline Correction in Electrocardiographic Signals Using Dynamic Temporal Sequence Alignment." In VI Latin American Congress on Biomedical Engineering CLAIB 2014, Paraná, Argentina 29, 30 & 31 October 2014, 528–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13117-7_135.

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Weik, Martin H. "alignment signal." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_488.

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Weik, Martin H. "frame-alignment signal." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 638. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_7529.

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Weik, Martin H. "multiframe alignment signal." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1052. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_11884.

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Weik, Martin H. "distributed frame alignment signal." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 443. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_5397.

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Weik, Martin H. "bunched frame alignment signal." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 152. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_1938.

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Gi Lee, Byeong, and Seok Chang Kim. "Signal-Alignment with Parallel Self Synchronous Scrambling." In Scrambling Techniques for Digital Transmission, 391–418. London: Springer London, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3231-8_21.

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Aliannejadi, Mohammad, Shahram Khadivi, Saeed Shiry Ghidary, and Mohammad Hadi Bokaei. "Discriminative Spoken Language Understanding Using Statistical Machine Translation Alignment Models." In Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing, 194–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10849-0_20.

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Zou, Weixia, Tiefei Wang, and Chao Xu. "A New Distributed Interference Alignment Technology Scheme Under the Condition of Partial Interference Alignment." In Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems, 331–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49831-6_33.

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Mitianoudis, Nikolaos, and Mike Davies. "Permutation Alignment for Frequency Domain ICA Using Subspace Beamforming Methods." In Independent Component Analysis and Blind Signal Separation, 669–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30110-3_85.

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Conference papers on the topic "Alignment of signals"

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Parajuli, Jhanak, and Giuseppe Abreu. "Interference alignment using alignment matrix." In 2015 49th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2015.7421308.

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Ruan, Liangzhong, Vincent K. N. Lau, and Moe Z. Win. "Feasibility conditions of interference alignment with general alignment set." In 2012 46th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2012.6489069.

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Steward, Robert L., Chao-Min Cheng, and Philip R. LeDuc. "Probing Nonlinear Cellular Responses to Integrated Mechanical Signals Through Examining Cell Alignment." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19205.

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Cells are complex systems that continuously receive signals in a variety of forms including both physical and chemical. The ability of cells to integrate these signals and already be hard wired to have coupled responses indicates the complexity at which cells function in terms of signal integration. One of the important areas in signal response is in mechanical stimulation, which has been shown to influence many cellular functions through the cytoskeleton and most often induces various cellular alignment. Most studies generally probe the affects of mechanical stimulation on cell behaviour by one mode of mechanical stimulation, though cells in fact experience multiple modes of mechanical stimulation simultaneously. From this comes the question of how does the cell process these multiple mechanical inputs? In this study we probed the effects of uniaxial stretch and/or shear fluid flow on NIH 3T3 fibroblast behaviour, specifically cell alignment. We used fluorescence microscopy to examine the orientation of the actin cytoskeleton and observed alignment along the direction of force for both uniaxial stretching and shear fluid flow in comparison to cells exposed to both mechanical modes. The cellular response surprisingly revealed an alignment that was neither parallel nor perpendicular to the direction of force. Furthermore, the integration of these 2 modes revealed a nonlinear response to combinations of shear stress and uniaxial stretching. These intriguing results have potential implications in a variety of fields including bioengineering, mechanotransduction, and cell structure.
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Schmidt, Samuel Emil, Kasper Emerek, Ask Schou Jensen, Jacob Melgaard, Kasper Sorensen, Claus Graff, Peter Sogaard, and Johannes Jan Struijk. "Temporal Alignment of Asynchronously Sampled Biomedical Signals." In 2016 Computing in Cardiology Conference. Computing in Cardiology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22489/cinc.2016.014-311.

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Vorob'iev, N. Yu, D. D. Gabrial'ayn, V. I. Demchenko, and A. A. Saranov. "The antenna alignment on space object radio signals." In 2017 Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves (RSEMW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsemw.2017.8103687.

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Sharma, Rina, Gururaj A. Bhat, Alok K. Kanjilal, Ram Narain, M. S. Rashmi, Vijay T. Chitnis, and Yoshiyuki Uchida. "Mask alignment technique using phase-shifted moire signals." In SPIE'S 1993 Symposium on Microlithography, edited by John D. Cuthbert. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.150452.

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Bonny, Talal, and Khaled N. Salama. "Fast global sequence alignment technique." In 2011 45th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2011.6190171.

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Ram, B. Hari, and K. Giridhar. "Precoder design for Fractional Interference Alignment." In 2013 Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2013.6810636.

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Vijayan, Karthika, Xiaoxue Gao, and Haizhou Li. "Analysis of Speech and Singing Signals for Temporal Alignment." In 2018 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/apsipa.2018.8659615.

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Razavi, Seyed Morteza, and Tharmalingam Ratnarajah. "Interference alignment in coordinated multipoint systems." In 2012 46th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2012.6489294.

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Reports on the topic "Alignment of signals"

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García-Mantilla, Daniel. PLAC Network Best Practices Series: Target-Income Design of Incentives, Benchmark Portfolios and Performance Metrics for Pension Funds. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003599.

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In defined contribution systems, at the end of the accumulation phase the assets in the retirement account are exchanged for a pension. The conversion rate from assets to retirement income (which depends on the level of interest rates) is very volatile, and its variations constitute the main investment risk facing pension fund affiliates. In this sense, performance metrics, management fees and benchmark portfolios that focus on assets (and asset returns) and ignore the variations in the conversion rate, embed several problems: i. they send wrong signals to regulators, fund managers and workers, ii. they provide wrong incentives to pension fund management companies, and iii. they leave pension fund affiliates exposed to their largest risk factor, even during the last few years preceding their retirement date. We find that regulatory incentives with these fundamental problems are ubiquitous in the region. The document presents a series of best practices, and delivers a practical set of tools to assist regulators and supervisors in designing a framework that improves security and sufficiency of retirement income, and provides relevant and timely information to pension fund affiliates. The framework achieves that by fostering an integration of the accumulation and the payout phases, and an alignment of the regulatory incentives for pension fund management companies with the retirement income objectives of pension fund affiliates. Using historical data from Colombia as a case study, the document illustrates and quantifies the improvements in terms of pension benefits and retirement income security that the proposed framework could bring.
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