Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alimentation – Aspect psychologique'
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Lebatto, Stéphane. "La proximité perçue envers un produit alimentaire : un facteur favorable à l'acceptabilité des innovations alimentaires par la médiation de la confiance initiale ?" Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT3032.
Full textThe goal of our research is to comprehend the proximity between people and foods they eat. First of all, reviews of the literature and a qualitative study based on interviews of 40 people have allowed demonstrating that the concept of proximity is multifaceted, and explicit and implicit as well. A quantitative survey conducted on 277 people allowed to build a proximity measurement tool. The scale grouping 45 items around 14 dimensions namely, culture, childhood, traceability, local, pleasure, habit, expertise, identity, uniqueness, value, health, nostalgia, conviviality and dependence. In another calisson related quantitative study conducted at the Museum of the calisson in Aix-en-Provence, France, the proximity measurement tool was tested and validated. It showed that the proximity comes after the acceptance via the initial trust of consumers and can discriminate them based on the dimensions of proximity they look for. A new-calisson related survey of 481 French people was conducted online during the first trimester of 2016. This survey helped to confirm the local scale in the case of a new product and to test our research model as well. These studies allow, through structural equations, to test the impact of different forms of proximity on the initial trust and acceptability. This corroborates the predictive power of proximity. The results show that the initial trust is a partial mediator between the proximity and the acceptability
Jeanson, Isabelle. "L'observance du plan alimentaire et la satisfaction de vie chez les personnes diabétiques : contribution à long terme de l'efficacité personnelle de l'autodétermination." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ55765.pdf.
Full textGodin, Laurence. "Le mangeur en équilibre entre plaisir et contrôle : les formes de la normativité dans l'alimentation contemporaine." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27764/27764.pdf.
Full textJulien, Étienne. "Les déterminants de l'observance du plan alimentaire chez les adultes qui souffrent du diabète de type 2 : une analyse de la motivation et de l'adaptation au stress." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24543/24543.pdf.
Full textWatiez, Marie. "Approche psychosociologique du processus de socialisation alimentaire chez l'enfant français : étude du rôle de la publicité télévisée dans la formation des représentations sur l'alimentation." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H071.
Full textIn the field of development and social psychology, the act of eating is studied with a bio-psycho-socio-cultural approach to define food socialization. It is the process by which the child develops his taste and his preferences, his knowledge, representation and behaviour in order to adjust to the eating habits of his socio-cultural group. We study cognitive mechanisms and behaviours that specially relate to food. The socializing function of the meals is described for western children. An empirical part analyses the role of commercials as a major factor in food socialization. Through a content analysis of 200 ads, the predominant values, as well as ambiguous and incomplete nutritional information, eating habits and different social roles of young consumers are established and discussed. A survey shows the negative attitude of 228 nine to twelve years old children towards commercials. They are aware of the persuasive goal of advertising, but perceive advertising as a source of information on the product. Children’s representations make up a naive nutritional theory in which some commercial traits remain
Chaumet, Eric. "La nutrition entérale à domicile (NED) : expérience de l'hôpital d'Eaubonne." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P200.
Full textGravel, Karine. "Manger avec sa tête ou selon ses sens : Perceptions et comportements alimentaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30068/30068.pdf.
Full textWhile the prevalence of obesity has increased in the population, the thin-idealization can lead to concerns about body weight. Dieting is a common practice, especially among women. Even if a small weight loss has positive effects in the short term on obesity-related problems, success of energy-restricted diets is negligible over the long term. Losing weight is not without consequence, since some physiological adaptations can occur and persist over time, and may promote weight regain after diet-induced weight loss. One psychological consequence of dieting may be described as the perceived deprivation related to cognitive restraint, i.e. feeling of not eating what or as much as one would like. Energy-restricted diet and restrictive approach to lose weight show limits and this fact leads to consider effective alternatives in the long term. It is in this context that the work of the present thesis has been conducted, through: 1) an experimental study among 352 men and women; and 2) a randomized clinical trial among 50 restrained women. The first study focused on the cognitive perceptions of foods and the purposes were to investigate the impact of nutrition claims on food perceptions and intake, as well as the influence of gender, body weight and the level of restrained eating on these variables. The results showed that nutrition claims were effective in changing perceived “healthiness” and “fatteningness” of a food, but these changes in perceptions did not translate into a change in the food behaviors, as measured by food intake. The second study focused on the sensory perceptions of food and the purposes were to investigate whether a sensory-based intervention can influence eating-related attitudes and behaviors, reliance on physical signals for hunger and satiety, as well as the number and the type of terms used to describe a food. The results have shown that the sensory intervention has improved some eating-related attitudes and behaviors, without exacerbating other undesirable behaviors such as restrained eating. Then, the sensory-based intervention has also helped restrained women to be more objective about food, which may facilitate a more intuitive approach to eating. The results of this work suggest that the cognitive dimension of food should not be overrated at the expense of the sensory dimension.
Guenette, Andrée-Anne. "Gastrectomie : effet sur les comportements alimentaires; huit mois post-chirurgie." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36274.
Full textDupont, Mariève. "Étude des comportements alimentaires consécutifs à un travail intellectuel exigeant selon une perspective d’autorégulation du comportement humain." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26194.
Full textKnowledge-based work (KBW) has been recently identified as a potential factor that might induce overeating, especially for women, which may contribute to the epidemic obesity. However, the reasons underlying this association are partially known. This master’s thesis further investigates the results of a randomized controlled study on KBW. Based on self-regulation theory, the objective is to explore the relationships between mental effort, psychological characteristics and food intake in order to explain overeating. The results show that motivation variables and restraint variables are not significant factors mediating the relationship between KBW and food intake. Nevertheless, the controlled form of motivation is associated to eating behaviour traits related to overeating. Additional studies are needed to understand the complex interactions between psychological characteristics, KBW and ad libitum food intake.
Gobeil, Simard Alexis. "Étude de l'implication des enképhalines et des récepteurs mu opioïdes dans la sensibilisation au sel au sein du système de récompense." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28927/28927.pdf.
Full textPrévost, Jasmine. "Évaluation des effets d'un programme d'éveil sensoriel au goût sur la reconnaissance d'aliments, les attitudes et le comportement alimentaire d'enfants dans la région de Sherbrooke." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26826.
Full textDelaplace-de, Fozières Virginie. "La gourmandise." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30063.
Full textEve tasted the apple and was banished from Paradise. Promotheus stole the pieces of flesh from the gods, but unleashed their anger. Hansel and Gretel ate the gingerbread and so they had to take the consequences. Why “gourmandise” is seen as allied to a failing or sin ? Why such a denigration when the pleasure of taste, the desire seem to play such a crucial role in the life of the body and in psychic life and thus in the domain of being itself between ethics and aesthetics ? Ethics : tasting contains the idea of transgression, but cannot avoid engagement with the other ad with the law. From within reality itself “gourmandise” allows the subject to transcend the real and confronts it with the issue if primal plenitude, while fashionning at the same time the superego. Aesthetics : ocillating between pleasure, instant gratification, possession of being, of having and the reality principle, “gourmandise” lies beyond all these. It is another kind of delectation. It is at one and the same time the revelation of an existent subject, of a presence, and also the incarnation of a gift to onself and the other ; the experience of and creation of an indeterminate “being”. A close reading of fairytales and myths will help to develop and elucidate our reflexions
Marchiori, David. "Size matters! the joint influence of the size of portion, food item and container on food intake." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209740.
Full textThe second and third chapter of this dissertation focus on two other factors related to the portion size of foods, namely the container size and the structure of the portion (i.e. food item size). The discussion of this dissertation reviews the facilitating conditions put forward previously to understand the portion size effect, as well as those reinforcing this effect, and how they may be integrated in an anchoring and adjustment perspective of eating. Finally, it aims to provide a food intake model that may accommodate for most environmental influences, with a special focus on the three influences mentioned above.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ouédraogo, Bernadette. "L'acceptation et l'attitude des jeunes consommateurs envers les aliments fonctionnels." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19569.
Full textRoyer, Marie-Michelle. "Effets de l'alimentation méditerranéenne sur les comportements alimentaires et la régulation de l'appétit chez des hommes atteints du syndrome métabolique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28380/28380.pdf.
Full textDion, Mariane. "Influence d'un programme d'éducation en nutrition d'une durée de trois ans sur les habitudes alimentaires d'enfants d'âge primaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26494/26494.pdf.
Full textGagnon, Hélène. "Effets d'une intervention s'inspirant du nouveau paradigme en matière de gestion du poids sur l'empowerment de femmes aux prises avec des problèmes reliés au poids." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25846/25846.pdf.
Full textLucas, Michel. "Effets d'une supplémentation en acide gras oméga-3 enrichie en éthyl-acide eicosapentanoïque (E-EPA) sur la détresse psychologique, les symptômes dépressifs et vasomoteurs chez des femmes d'âge moyen : un essai comparatif randomisé (ECR), à double insu, contrôlé par placebo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20136.
Full textWillem, Clémence. "Déterminants et prise en charge de l’alimentation émotionnelle dans l’obesité : le rôle des troubles de la régulation émotionnelle, des déficits de conscience intéroceptive et de la sévérité de l’obesité." Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H028.
Full textEmotional eating is a problematic eating behavior that promotes the development and maintenance of obesity. The aim of this thesis is to better understand the psychological mechanisms involved in the emotional eating of people with obesity. It is organized around four experimental studies. The first three studies examine how emotion regulation disorders, deficits in interoceptive awareness and emotional eating manifest and interact in obesity. The fourth study assesses the impact, and effectiveness, of a therapeutic intervention focused on emotional regulation.The four studies of this thesis highlight that emotional regulation disorders and deficits of interoceptive awareness are major and associated risk factors of emotional eating in obesity, which need to and can be jointly addressed.Our work (1) confirms the co-occurrence of emotion regulation disorders and deficits in interoceptive awareness in moderate and severe obesity; (2) highlights a mediating effect of emotion regulation disorders in the relationship between interoceptive awareness deficits and emotional eating in obesity; (3) underline the importance of interoceptive reliability, as the relationship that peoples have with their inner body sensations; (4) show that the links between emotion regulation disorders, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and emotional eating differ depending on the severity of obesity; (5) confirm that emotion regulation training (ART program) can significantly reduce emotional eating in obese patients.These studies also offer numerous research prospects and open up various clinical applications, which will be discussed
Tremblay, Sara. "L'insatisfaction corporelle selon une approche de santé globale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28044.
Full textCôté, Mireille. "Le rôle modérateur du type de diagnostic et de la présence d'un trouble de la personnalité dans la relation entre les enjeux conjugaux et la sévérité des symptômes alimentaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25618/25618.pdf.
Full textMassicotte, Elsa. "Interactions entre le stress, la cognition, le craving pour la nourriture et les comportements alimentaires." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35455.
Full textObesity is a worldwide epidemic health condition whose prevalence has doubled over the last forty years. It is a multifactorial disease and thus many factors are involved. Among them, an enhanced motivational drive towards food, namely food craving, and a reduced behavioral control over food intake through poor executive functions have been observed. These characteristics, taken together, lead to a lack of self-regulation toward food and could, therefore, contribute to the obesity phenotype. Moreover, the imbalance between food craving and executive functions is promoted by stress, which is also associated with obesity. Even though food craving and executive functioning are now better understood in the context of obesity, their interaction as well as their impact on eating behaviors, particularly in relation to acute stress, remain unclear. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to clarify these interrelations, firstly without the contribution of stress, and secondly with this contribution. To do so, a first experimental study has been conducted with participants whose BMI were ranging between a healthy weight and class 3 obesity. The results from this study showed a negative association between state food craving and executive functions. Specifically, a low cognitive flexibility was associated with a high food craving following induction. Moreover, the latter was also predictive of a higher junk food intake but showed no relationship with healthy food intake. In the second experimental study, where participants with BMI ranging from a healthy weight to class 2 obesity were enrolled, an acute social stressor was induced. Results from this study showed that food craving positively predicted food intake. Finally, stress predicted food craving increase following induction in a complex interaction with executive functions and BMI. Specifically, stress enhanced food craving when executive functions werelow and BMI was high. Taken together, these results shed some light on the importance of food craving, executive functions, stress and the interaction of these variables in the clinical understanding of obesity. Furthermore, it allows a more global comprehension of this health condition, which could lead to new interventions. Indeed, the thesis discusses the relevance of integrating new components into classic behavioural treatment for obesity such as interventions targeting food craving, executive functions or stress in a clinical population of obese people. In sum, this thesis offers new research perspectives in order to improve and diversify available therapeutic options for obesity.
Morissette, Éliane. "Prévalence et déterminants des comportements alimentaires reliés à la gestion du poids chez les athlètes féminines de niveau secondaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24140.
Full textLa littérature démontre une forte préoccupation à l'égard du poids ainsi qu'une prévalence élevée de désordres alimentaires chez les athlètes féminines, particulièrement chez les athlètes d'élite pratiquant des sports esthétiques et à catégories de poids. Puisque l'adoption de ces comportements entraîne des conséquences importantes, l'implantation d'un programme de prévention primaire auprès des adolescentes athlètes s'avère pertinente. Toutefois, la connaissance des facteurs influençant l'adoption de ces comportements demeure inconnue. Ce mémoire présente les résultats d'une étude ayant pour objectif général d'évaluer les comportements alimentaires reliés à la gestion du poids chez les athlètes féminines de niveau secondaire. Les facteurs psychosociaux de l'intention d'adopter ces comportements sont également identifiés. Basés sur la théorie du comportement planifié, nos résultats démontrent que seule l'attitude prédit cette intention. Ainsi, ce projet permet une compréhension plus approfondie des éléments permettant le développement d'un programme de prévention primaire auprès d'athlètes féminines de niveau secondaire.
Barthomeuf, Laetitia. "Les déterminants émotionnels du comportement alimentaire et de ses troubles : le cas de l'obésité." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20009.
Full textDeronzier, Déborah. "Dialogue entre le bébé et les aspects bébés du self dans les contextes d’anorexie : le bébé dans sa famille, l’adulte et sa parentalité interne." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20140.
Full textThis dissertation offers a modelisation of the psychological dynamics which are at work in the contexts of anorexia. Process is the cornerstone to the exploration of the ongoing psychodynamic that is at work with the anorexia of the baby-in-its-family and the anorexia nervosa of the adult. The first part reviews the existing psychoanalytical literature and considers the works dealing with the anorexia nervosa of the teenager and of the adult, then the works dedicated to the anorexias of the baby; last but not least, the works offering an approach that considers the anorexias at the different stages of life. The second part deals with the epistemological basis of this work. It explores the research in clinical psychology and the way it is linked to practice and teaching. It looks into the theoretical and practical filiation that operates in our approach to the mental life and to the care relationship. The third part is dedicated to the methodology of the clinical research – mainly the specificities of psychoanalytical observation. It presents E. Bick’s method of infant observation and how this method was adapted for the clinical work with anorexic patients. The fourth part ponders on what is psychologically at stake in the ‘feeding relation’. This relation is seen as commensal (W.R. Bion, 1962), the paradigm of the intersubjective encounter, of the psychological development of the baby’s subjectivity and the emerging parentality, but also the most favored ground of the unconscious psychological transmission. The fifth part creates a dialogue between the baby-in-its-family and the babies aspects of the adult self in the contexts of anorexia. Anorexias are considered in terms of food refusal-impossibility demonstrating an attempt to organise psychological survival. Two common anxieties are at the center of the psychological dynamic : a catastrophic anxiety and a persecution anxiety. The catastrophic anxiety appears as an « endless and disintegrative fall », a sign of a primary depression, which is overloaded with a vampirising and devouring anxiety. The persecution anxiety is also thought as a form of objectalisation of the anxiety of « endless and disintegrative fall ». The adhesive defenses, which are organised to fight against the « endless and disintegrative fall », are accompagnied by an inhibition of the instinctual drives —especially of secondary greed— as well as their splitting, denial and projection. The contact with the baby’s emotional life reactivates the primary depression against which the babies aspects of the parental self are organised in an economy of psychological survival. The food refusal-impossibility of the baby appears as a mirror to the refusal-impossibility to receive and give meaning to the emotionnal life that characterises anorexic parentality. The link between the baby and its parentality, but also between the babies aspects of the self and the internal parentality, presents an opaque and persecutory reflexivity that is interiorized by the baby and the babies aspects of the self, with the form of a pernicious and involutive circle. Finally, this dissertation concludes with the proposition of a range of the feeding relation that is structured by two poles. The first pole is the more integrated one : that of the feeding relation. It is marked by a relation of intimacy between the baby and its parentality and by the introjection of a commensal reflexivity which is both mutual and asymmetrical, and which sustains the integration of instinctual drives, the development of the bases of a protective superego and of the mental growth. The second pole, the un-linked one, is that of the relation of un-feeding characterized by a relation of ex-timity between the baby and its parentality, and the interiorization of a persecutory and opaque reflexivity in the form of a involutive circle leading to the desintegration of the drive and the development of an ego destructive superego (W.R.Bion, 1959)
Obled, Christiane. "Aspect dynamique du metabolisme proteique au cours du developpement du rat apres le sevrage : contribution a l'evaluation des methodes de mesure des vitesses d'utilisation metabolique des acides amines." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF2E404.
Full textLouguet, Sophie. "Les très grands herbivores (éléphantidés et rhinocérotidés) au Paléolithique moyen en Europe du Nord-Ouest : Paléoécologie, taphonomie et aspects palethnographiques." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2004/50377-2004-36.pdf.
Full textAdamiec, Camille. "Devenir sain : morales alimentaires, pratiques de santé et écologie de soi." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG035.
Full textBecoming wholesome is a dynamic way crossed by events, paradoxes and contradictions of everyday life. Norms to take care of yourself and your health are redefined in terms of food investments and the pleasures and limitations of flesh generate a redefinition of healthy, vulnerable and illness bodies. The construction of a health-food requires global individual thinking, conflict and creative obligations and generate an ecology of self. It affects all areas of life and gives the illusion to control the future. This qualitative research is based on individual and group interviews, as well as observations, collected stories and eaters practices. These eaters reveal the consequences of reflexive society where uncertainty defines the relation to knowledge and institutions. They express the requirements of orthorexic society and seek to transcend them