Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aliments – Odeur'
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Le, Pape Marie-Annick. "Arômes et précurseurs d'arômes de l'algue rouge alimentaire Palmaria palmata." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2048.
Full textGierczynski, Isabelle. "Modification de structure et impact sur la libération et la perception des arômes : application à des systèmes fromagers modèles." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOS016.
Full textThe objective of the present work was to study the impact of structural variations on the release of aroma compounds and on aroma perception. To achieve this purpose, three models of fresh cheeses were prepared. Nosespace experiments, which consist in the analysis by mass spectrometry of air expired from the nose during food consumption, showed that a higher quantity of aroma compounds was released from harder gels. The release of aroma compounds was also faster for these harder gels. Sensory profile of cheeses showed that the intensity of perceived aroma was lower for the harder gels. Therefore, we could not establish a link between aroma perception and in vivo aroma release parameters. The hypothesis of a cognitive interaction between texture and aroma perception was proposed to explain the impact of structural variations on aroma perception
Billy, Ludivine. "Perception de la texture et de l'arôme des pommes : recherche de marqueurs biochimiques et contribution d'une bouche artificielle." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT2099.
Full textTexture and aroma are the two main apple quality characteristics. The aim of this work is based on the comprehension of the role of these properties on fruit quality perception during post-harvest period of storage, and to study their evolution during that period. The first part of this study made it possible to identify the biochemical markers of the texture evolution of apples, which are, the solubilization and the depolymerization of pectins. The second part of this work presents the development of a new extraction technique of apples aroma, named “artificial mouth”, as well as that of a validation tool of this prototype by a methodology of statistical analysis of the texture of image. In a last part, the odorous molecules of apples were identified using this artificial mouth. Among them, the odorous molecules responsible for apples aroma were also distinguished
Dury-Brun, Cécile. "Transferts de molécules volatiles entre une matrice solide alimentaire et un emballage souple." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOS027.
Full textThis study deals with volatile molecules (oxygen, water vapour and especially aroma compounds) transfer into and through packaging (treated-papers and thermoplastic), in controlled storage conditions (temperature and relative humidity); aroma compounds are released by a solid food matrix (sponge cake). Different methods are compared between each others for the determination of the transfer parameters of aroma compounds through packaging. Volatile molecules transfer through packaging is essentially governed by their diffusion which decreases by compression of papers. Paper coating modifies their affinity for aroma compounds. The increase of storage temperature and relative humidity increases transfers and modify interactions between aroma compounds and treated-papers. Due to volatile molecules transfers through treated-papers, the odour and texture of the sponge cake are modified after storage
Savary, Géraldine. "Impact de la structure de gels composites à base de polyosides sur la libération d'arôme : exemple des bases de fruits-sur-sucre." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOS033.
Full textThe main objective of this study was to understand the respective role of the structure of a food product and of the physicochemical interactions on flavour release. For that purpose, fruit preparations have been chosen as model matrices. In a first step, two complementary tools were used to characterise the structure of the model matrices: rheology and confocal laser scanning microscopy. To investigate flavour release, an instrumental approach has been favoured in order to study separately the kinetic phenomena that can occur during the release in different conditions. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters have been used to interpret the release profiles obtained for the different aroma molecules in static and dynamic conditions
Juteau, Alexandre. "Effets de la composition et de la structure de matrices polyosidiques sur la libération des arômes." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS063.
Full textAn addition of texture agent to the food matrices induces in general a decrease in the aroma perception. However, we know just a few about the mechanisms involved and it is not ensured. First, changing the nature and the concentration of the gelling agent and of the additional salts, a range of matrices differing by their rheoligical properties and textures was established. Secondly, aroma release and perception from two gels of different consistency were studied. From the kinetics of aroma release, partition and "apparent" mass transfer coefficients were determined. In a third time, the release curves were studied for matrices of differing physical states: a thickened solution and two gels with varying consistencies. The obtained differences allowed us to discuss the distinct effects of the addition of the polysaccharide, of its organization in tridimensionnal network and of the densification of this network
Kabbaj, Wafaa. "Physiologie de la croissance et production d'arôme par des cultures mycéliennes de Pleurotus et de Morchella sur milieu solide." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS025.
Full textGuyot, Christine. "Influence de l'origine géographique et technologique sur les caractéristiques sensorielles des beurres : identification et quantification des composés d'arômes impliqués." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOS068.
Full textA traditional French butter is obtained in churning ripened cream. However butter manufacture is mainly based in the NIZO process. For this reason we studied 16 butters with different geographic origins and fabrication processes in order to evidence the main molecules responsible for their aromatic diversity. A sensory cartography of butters was established with free choice profiling methodology. From a physio-chemical point of view a vacuum extraction procedure was optimized. We studied also the influence of the medium on volatility and odorous intensity of flavour molecules. Our results indicate that NIZO process leads to more intense cream notes, but less diversified products. Moreover the butter diversity is also due to their geographic origin
Tran, Thanh Hoa. "Influence des hydroperoxydes d'acides gras sur la levure Yarrowia lipolytica lors de leur bioconversion en composés d'arôme : optimisation de la production d'hexanal." Dijon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DIJOS002.
Full textWith the aim of producing of aromatic compounds « green notes », the fatty acid hydroperoxides are used as substrates for the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica which express the cloned hydroperoxide lyase of green bell pepper. This enzyme allows the transformation of hydroperoxides into C6 aldehydes, principal compounds of « green notes ». The presence of hydroperoxides in the culture medium exerts repercussions on the yeast by inhibiting the cell growth, inducing the fall of viability and fluidizing the cellular membrane. They also cause an oxidative stress on the yeast cell metabolism. The medium potential of oxydoreduction seems to have an influence on the impact of hydroperoxides on the yeast cells. The variation in the activity of antioxidant enzymes of the cells cultivated in the reducing medium (Eh -133 mV) is less important than that of the cells cultivated in the control medium (Eh +220 mV). Finally, a factorial design was applied to determine the factors supporting the hexanal production. They are mainly the hydroperoxide substrates and the reducing agent (dithiothreitol). The optimum conditions of bioconversion were thus determined: 119 mM of fatty acid hydroperoxides and 50 mM of dithiothreitol
Sablé, Sophie. "Etude de la microflore et de la fraction aromatique volatile d'un fromage de chèvre : implication potentielle de certaines souches bactériennes dans la biosynthèse de constituants de l'arome." La Rochelle, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LAROS012.
Full textReynes, Max. "Influence d'une technique de désinfestation par micro-ondes sur les critères de qualité physico-chimiques et biochimiques de la datte." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1997_REYNES_M.pdf.
Full textTeule, Stéphane. "Etude de l'influence du séchage sur les qualités aromatiques de produits déshydratés à base de pommes." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20241.
Full textPoinot, Pauline. "Étude de l'influence des procédés et de la formulation sur l'arôme du pain : contribution des techniques de piégeage des composés volatils au cours de la cuisson et en conditions de mastication." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT2076.
Full textThis work aims to describe the impact of freezing and partbaking, as well as the impact of functional ingredients on the development of the aroma of bread. The physical properties and the overall flavor of the products were analyzed sensory and instrumentally. This work required the optimization of an extraction technique of volatile compounds to obtain extracts representative of the smell of bread. Two extraction techniques in dynamic conditions were then developed: an artificial mouth device that mimics the conditions of human mastication and which was able to extract the volatile compounds responsible for the aroma of bread, and a system which permits the trapping of volatile compounds released during the baking of bread. Results demonstrated that the freezing and partbaking stages did not affect the organoleptic quality of products. The analysis of different formulations with improved nutritional qualities (gluten-free bread, bread enriched with fiber (inulin), bread enriched with phytase) highlighted the impact of these formulations on the flavor profile of the bread. It was shown that adding inulin accelerates bread baking. In addition, for the same level of baking, inulin modifies a little the perception of breads, which makes it an attractive prospect to improve their nutritional quality without affecting their appreciation by consumers. Furthermore, the study of the kinetics of the bread baking permitted to identify physical indicators of the evolution of the Maillard reaction
Charrier, Sylvie. "Influence de la nature des ferments sur la biogénèse des composés d'arôme et sur les qualités organoleptiques du saucisson sec." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20186.
Full textJollivet, Nathalie. "Etude des potentialités aromatiques de ferments de fromagerie." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS068.
Full textAtanasova, Boriana Dimitrova. "Etude psychophysique qualitative et quantitative des mélanges d'odeurs." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS014.
Full textGunther-Douillard, Catherine. "Étude des composés volatils de l'arôme de différentes varietés de fraises." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112068.
Full textSystematic study of volatile components, colour and sugars, non volatile acids and amino-acids contents have been carried out on a number of strawberry varieties. One hundred and seventy six volatile components have been indentifed and sixty of them quantified. Some of them seem to be particulaly important for the aroma, as pointed out by the odour value calculation. The aroma of strawberry is composed of caramel and jam notes due to furaneol and mesifurane, of fruity and floral notes due to esters, lactones and linalool, and to a lesser extent of green and herbaceous notes due to aldehydes and alcohols. Among these constituents a special attention has been paid to furaneol and mesifurane which are certainly key components of strawberry aroma, according to their hight odour value. Using a statistical approach the varieties have been characterized by a large number of components and compared. Freezing effect has also been studied. Finaly correlation between physicochemical and sensory data have been established on synthetic plans
Pezoa, Garcia Nelson Horacio. "Contribution à l'étude d'un capteur pour contrôler en continu le procédé de torréfaction." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD195.
Full textCharles, Marielle. "Influence des paramètres d'élaboration - formulation et procédé - sur la disponibilité des composés volatils de sauces émulsionnées de type vinaigrette." Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS023.
Full textRega, Barbara. "Texture-flavour interactions : how physicochemical data explain sensory perception in orange juice." Dijon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DIJOS053.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to investigate how the properties of the food matrix influence flavour release and perception in food. The thesis is organised in two parts. The first part focused on the role of pectins on aroma compound diffusivity and molecular interactions in a model system. The second part focused on the role of suspended solids on aroma compound distribution, flavour release and sensory perception in orange juice. Firstly we determined how aroma compounds are distributed within the macroscopic juice fractions (cloud, pulp and serum) and the role of non-volatile constituents. Secondly we developed a novel methodology (Direct Gas Chromatography Olfactometry) to evaluate the sensory quality of solventless extracts (e. G. SPME, static headspace). Finally, we investigated how pulp influence sensory profiles of texture, taste, odour and aroma in orange juice. At the same time rheological and physicochemical measurements as well as flavour release studies were performed
Goubet, Isabelle. "Rétention d'arômes par des polyosides à des teneurs en eau variables : étude à l'échelle macroscopique et moléculaire." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS035.
Full textVoirin, Stéphane. "Connaissance de l'arôme du raisin : analyses et synthèses de précurseurs hétérosidiques." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20074.
Full textBallester, Jordi. "Mise en évidence d'un espace sensoriel et caractérisation des marqueurs relatifs à l'arôme des vins issus du cépage Chardonnay." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS055.
Full textGagnon, Diane. "Formulation et propagation de ferments lactiques mésophiles à haut caractère aromatique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23536/23536.pdf.
Full textBongard, Sébastien. "Partage et libération de composés d'arôme dans des matrices laitières émultionnées et gélifiées modèles de yaourts brassés." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2048.
Full textThis work aimed to sort the keys factors that modified the behavior of aroma compounds in models of stirred yogurts. Complex matrices were designed by varying the amount and the nature of emulsified fat as well as the organization of the continuous phase (emulsions vs stirred gels). Mechanical properties, structure of matrices and protein load and composition at the interface were characterized. Retention of hydrophobic aroma compounds was mainly related to the amount of liquid fat and to a lesser extent to the organization of the continuous phase. The release rate was related to the amount of liquid fat in emulsions and to the yield stress in stirred gels. Above 30 g. Kg-1 of liquid fat, partition coefficients over emulsions and stirred gels can be predicted from behavior over liquid fat and water only. Below this value, composition and organization of the continuous phase must be taken into account
Luong-Marquis, Kim An. "Élaboration de standards objectifs dans l'évaluation des arômes du café en complément aux méthodes subjectives de dégustation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27700/27700.pdf.
Full textBoulanger, Renaud. "Etude des composés d'arôme libres et liés de fruits amazoniens "bacuri, cupuacu, acerola"." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20130.
Full textGaudy, Laurent. "Synthèse chimio-, régio- et stéréosélective de molécules de type cinnamylique ou hétérocyclique d'intérêt organoleptique pour les eaux-de-vie." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2356.
Full textMaraval, Isabelle. "Caractérisation et biosynthèse de l'arôme des riz parfumés de Camargue : influence des conditions agro-climatiques sur l'expression de l'arôme." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20071.
Full textScented rice is more and more sought by the consumer. Two cultivars, Basmati and Thai cover the market and it's difficult for the cultivars selected for Camargue area, to compete with them. Scented cultivars present a transformation enabling them to accumulate 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP, popcorn like aroma) which activation dependent upon the agro-environmental conditions of growth. This Ph D study aims at: (i) characterizing cooked rice flavor compounds of Camargue scented cultivars compared to those of international standards. GC/O and GC/MS analyses confirmed the complexity of the flavor (2AP, compounds resulting from the degradation of fatty and cinnamic acids). The Camargue cultivar, Aychade, is similar to the standards with some specificity. (ii) evaluating the influence of salinity on 2AP biosynthesis in grains and in aerial parts. A new method, stable isotope dilution (SPME/GC/MS/MS) was developed and showed that 2AP content in grain increases with the stress applied during grain filling and the vegetative phase
Rondags, Emmanuel. "Production d'arômes laitiers par des lactocoques : recherche de la voie de synthèse du diacétyle et d'une mise en œuvre en réacteur continu à haute densité cellulaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1997_RONDAGS_E.pdf.
Full textMateus, Maria-Luiza. "Cinétiques de relargage des composés d’arôme du café torréfié moulu par entraînement gazeux." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOS029.
Full textNongonierma, Alice. "Etude des transferts de composés d'arôme entre une préparation de fruits et un gel laitier." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS012.
Full textAtlan, Samuel. "Modélisation de la libération des composés d'arôme à partir de matrices alimentaires dans des systemes experimentaux et en bouche : détermination des proprietés et mécanismes de transfert de matière." Paris, AgroParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.paristech.org/3444/01/2007-03-19_Th%C3%A8se_Atlan_(version_finale).pdf.
Full textAroma compounds are volatile molecules which are present in low concentration in food. They are responsible for olfactory perception, and are determinant for organoleptic quality explaining consumer preference. In order to improve the understanding of stimuli generation during food consumption, this work aimed at studying aroma compounds release by modelling mass transfer in real food matrices. The work consisted in two major steps: i) identification of aroma compounds properties ii) analysis of mass transfer, from in vitro systems to in vivo systems (the mouth during food consumption). Knowledge of physicochemical properties is a prerequisite for mass transfer models. The first part of this work thus consisted in their determination. They are divided in two groups: equilibrium properties between two phases (the partition coefficient) and dynamic properties (the diffusion coefficient and the mass transfer coefficient). A new method for processing the experimental data from the PRV (Phase Ratio Variation) was developed for 12 aroma compounds. The partition coefficient varied from 3·10-5 to 3·10-2, coupled with the confidence interval calculation with all the available degrees of freedom. To determine the diffusion coefficient of aroma compounds in complex food matrices, an experimental cell was designed for this purpose, based on the mass transfer simulation, and validated on model matrices. Experimental measurements were then carried out on complex food matrices, allowing the determination of the diffusion coefficients and their variations based on the matrix composition (type of proteins) and the mechanical treatment. The associated confidence interval of the diffusion coefficient was calculated for ethyl hexanoate in different yogurts with various fat and protein ratio. Using a static headspace device, an analysis of the mass transfer mechanisms and its modelling showed that the partition and the diffusion coefficients could be determined simultaneously. The release model was based on ethyl hexanoate in carrageen gels and showed that it is necessary to control the steps of the experimental protocol. Finally, a model of aroma compound release during in vivo consumption was developed. The model takes into account the physicochemical properties of aroma compounds and the physiological properties related to the subject. The model was established for “perfect swallowers”, who close the velopharynx when the product is set in the mouth until the deglutition process. The model allowed the simulation of the release of some aroma compounds (ethyl hexanoate, acetate and butanoate) from the product (yogurt) up to the nasal cavity, and in addition, it was possible to determine the limiting parameters of this release, namely the breathing flow
Dewaele, Aurélie. "Effet d'une exposition odorante pré et post-natale sur le développement des préférences médiées par l'olfaction chez la souris - Mécanismes de neuromodulation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLA013/document.
Full textIn mammals, the main olfactory system displays all the structural and functional characteristics at the last third of the gestational stage. Thus, the fetus is able to detect, to discriminate, but also to memorize the odorants present in the amniotic fluid in which it bathes. In the rodent, these odors memorized in utero are fundamental for the survival of the newborn at birth by allowing it to trend itself towards food sources. Afterwards, odorants are guiding the newborn to olfactory and food choices and are promoting subsequent learning. It is known that the mother's diet varies the olfactory keys of the biological fluids (amniotic fluid, milk) and thus modifies the nature of the olfactory sources encountered by the fetus and then the newborn in the perinatal period. The neuroanatomic and functional consequences of this impregnation are the subject of recent studies. The objective of this thesis was to characterize the effects of perinatal odor exposure on the maturation and functioning of the olfactory system in relation to the development of olfactory preferences and to a stressing challenge at weaning. For that, we set up a model of perinatal odor exposure through maternal feeding in the mI7-GFP murine transgenic strain expressing the olfactory receptor I7 coupled with the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP). We evaluated the neuroanatomic, molecular and behavioral consequences on the pups before weaning, and their evolution over time by focusing our efforts on the postnatal stages 3 (PND3), PND12-14 and PND21. Due to the fragility of the transgenic strain, we worked on mI7-GFP mice pups crossfostered by CD1 mice mothers raised under the same conditions after having validated the presence of heptanal in the amniotic fluid of mI7-GFP mice and the milk of CD1 mice by GC-MSMS. We characterized the effects of perinatal odor exposure on the maturation and functioning of the olfactory system in relation to the olfactory preference until weaning (mI7-GFP mice pups under CD1 adoptive mothers) and on the stress reaction to maternal separation at weaning (CD1 mice pups under biological mother). Our results show that perinatal exposure to heptanal leads to a significant increase in the number of I7 glomeruli in the olfactory bulb (OB) associated to a slight modification of the tissue homeostasis in the olfactory mucosa (OM) and to subtle differencies in heptanal sensitivity and preferences, that are amplified at PND21. From a molecular point of view, these effects are associated to a down-regulation of the expression of the I7 receptor and genes of neuronal signaling and an odorantspecific decrease in EOG response which may highlight a modification of the cellular dynamics. Finally, the effect of perinatal exposure to heptanal on the response to stressing conditions after maternal separation was assessed by recording CD1 mice pups grown under the same conditions than fostered mi7 mice on odorized and non odorized open-field. We showed that the reaction of odorized mice in the open field at PND21 is attenuated when the odorant is present in the environment, compared to non odorized mice that display anxiety-like behavior. Overall, this study demonstrates the consequences of a perinatal odorant exposure in the young, in terms of behavior (olfactory preference and anxiety), structural and molecular plasticity of the olfactory system, on a transgenic strain for which we had little available data
Sarrazin, Céline. "Génération des composés odorants responsables de l'arome du café au cours de la torréfaction." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS080.
Full textBegnaud, Frédéric Berdagué Jean-Louis. "Contribution au développement de l'analyse non séparative d'espaces de tête spectrométrie de masse." Clermont-Ferrand : Université Blaise Pascal. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://195.221.120.247/simclient/consultation/binaries/stream.asp?INSTANCE=UCFRSIM&eidmpa=DOCUMENTS_THESES_67.
Full textThèse avec publications et annexe. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliographie dispersée.
Doumenc-Faure, Magali. "Étude de l'arôme de Tuber melanosporum Vitt : aspect chiotaxonomique, influence de la nature du sol et production-authentification d'un aromatisant naturel." Toulouse, INPT, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPT103G.
Full textMermet, Gérard. "Cacao : influence des paramètres de torréfaction sur la consommation des précurseurs d'arôme et la formation de quelques composés volatils." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20185.
Full textLeseigneur-Meynier, Anne. "Rôle des phospholipides dans la flaveur de la viande : influence du type métabolique du muscle chez le porc." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20073.
Full textLübke, Markus. "Intérêt de la chromatographie en phase liquide à haute performance dans l'analyse des arômes." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10336.
Full textLucchetta, Luciano. "Caracterização de melões transgênicos acc oxidase antisense e estudo bioquímico de álcool aciltransferases envolvidas na biossíntese de aromas." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2007. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7586/1/lucchetta.pdf.
Full textRannou, Cécile. "Caractérisation de l’odeur du pain : influence des procédés de fabrication et du mélange des composés volatils sur la perception de l’odeur." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2137.
Full textLoubens, Clément de. "Compréhension et modélisation des phénomènes physiques régissant la libération des stimuli orosensoriels." AgroParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/56/05/01/PDF/these_loubens_vf.pdf.
Full textUnderstanding and modeling phenomena governing stimuli release during food consumption make it possible to respect both nutritional and sensorial criteria during its formulation. A model of salt release during the course of mastication was developed for “solid” products. The breakdown was comprehended by the generation of the area of contact between the product and the saliva that governs the transfers of stimuli. The area of contact was written as the product of two functions. The first was related to the subject and was function of his masticatory performance. The second was related to the product and depended on its breakdown behavior that can be determined by in vitro tests. During the pharyngeal stage, the biomechanics of swallowing governs pharyngeal mucosa coating and aroma compounds present in this layer. These phenomena are due to a thin film flow, stationary in a soft elastohydrodynamic contact whose the kinematics is equivalent to a forward roll coating process lubricated by saliva. Two sets of conditions were distinguished. When the saliva film is thin, food bolus viscosity has a strong impact on mucosa coating and on flavour release. When the saliva film is thick, the food bolus coating the mucosa is very diluted by saliva during the swallowing process and the impact of product viscosity on flavour release is weak. This second set of condition allowed us to explain the physical origin of in vivo observations on flavour release
Desgranges, Bertrand. "Etude des apprentissages olfactifs alimentaires : importance de l'amygdale basolatérale et du cortex insulaire chez le rat." Thesis, Tours, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUR4004/document.
Full textTo better understand the mechanisms involved in food olfactory learning, the neurobiological basis of conditioned odor aversion (COA) and the conditioned odor preference (COP) were investigated. We study the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the insular cortex (IC), which receive olfactory, gustatory and visceral information. Using a pharmacological approach, we show that the BLA is involved in acquisition, consolidation and both recent and remote memory retrieval of COA. By contrast, the IC is not necessary to any of these memory phases. Using a cellular imaging technique (catFISH), we find that COP leads to an increase of odor-taste convergence onto individual neurons in the BLA, but not the IC, by means of the recruitment of a new population. Whether the approach is systemic or cellular and the learning is aversive or appetitive, our study highlights the importance of the BLA in food olfactory learning
Pilote, Alexandre. "Impact de la moulée sur la performance et l'apparition de mauvais goût chez la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) élevée en système d'aquaculture en recirculation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29829/29829.pdf.
Full textHoule, Stéphanie. "Le développement et le contrôle du mauvais goût chez deux espèces de salmonidés élevées dans un système en recirculation : l'omble chevalier, Salvenilus alpinus et la truite arc-en-ciel, Onchornychus mykiss." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20362.
Full textBegnaud, Frédéric. "Contribution au développement de l'analyse non séparative d'espaces de tête spectrométrie de masse." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665570.
Full textLorn, Da. "Screening of lactic acid bacteria for their use as aromatic starters during fermentation of vegetables." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCK053.
Full textLactic acid bacteria (LAB) have good growth capacities on various food matrices and produce very diverse enzymatic activities which are notably capable of positively modifying the organoleptic properties of fermented foods. Therefore, the selection of the LAB starters possessing good metabolic abilities and interesting enzymatic activities towards the plant matrix could improve the aroma profiles of fermented foods. The main objective of this study was to enhance the aroma profiles of fermented tomatoes by using the biotechnological pathway. To achieve this, firstly, 200 LAB isolated from Cambodian and Vietnamese fermented foods were screened for their β-glucosidase activity and duplicate isolates identified through RAPD-PCR analysis were discarded. Thereby, 40 strains were found positive for β-glucosidase using p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside as substrate. Among them, 14 displayed an activity greater than 10 nmol/min/mg dry cell. Thirteen were identified as Lactobacillus (Lactiplantibacillus) plantarum and one as Lactobacillus (Lactiplantibacillus) pentosus. Four strains of different phenotypes for β-glucosidase activity were tested for ADH activity. The highest reduction ability for hexanal and (E)-2-hexenal was obtained for Lactobacillus (Limosilactobacillus) fermentum V013-1A for which no β-glucosidase activity was detectable. The three other strains (L. plantarum C022-2B, C022-3B and V0023-4B2) exhibited a lower reduction ability and only for hexanal. Secondly, mashed tomatoes were fermented with these four strains individually to evaluate their ability to release volatile compounds from the tomato aroma precursors. Fifty-eight volatile compounds were identified and quantified by HS-SPME/GC-MS. Untreated tomatoes were rich in aldehydes. The tomatoes fermented with L. plantarum strains were rich in ketones whereas those with L. fermentum were rich in alcohols. However, for the generation of terpenoids that provide fruity and floral notes, our screening of β-glucosidase activity was not able to explain the differences among the strains. For ADH activity, L. fermentum exhibited high activity in fermentation as most of the target aldehydes and ketones disappeared and were replaced by their corresponding alcohols. The L. plantarum strains exhibited a lower activity, but with an important substrate-selectivity diversity. A better knowledge of the functionality of each LAB strain in the food matrix will permit to predict and shape the aroma profiles of fermented food
Revah, Sergio. "Contribution à l'étude de la production accélérée d'arômes fromages à partir de caillés granulaires." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPD041.
Full textThe utilisation of the granular curds (GC) as substrate per cheese flavors production allows a better control of the fermentation conditions by reducing the diffusional restrictions that might be found in cheese. We have applied this technique to produce : emmental cheese flavour by the fermentation on GC and in slurry with lactic and propionic acid bacteria, we have studied the effect at initial pH, type of milk, temperature additives, type of inoculation, salt concentration and enzyme addition on microbial and flavour development ; blue cheese flavour by cultivation of penicillium roqueforti and lactic bacteria on GC, we have studied the influence of the type of milk, strains salt concentration and of the addition of lipolized cream and enzymes on the evolution of the substrate and the production of aromatic compounds. Characteristics flavors were obtained in 6 to 9 days for the first and in 4 to 6 days for the second), which represents a considerable reduction in ripening time as compared to the traditional methods. In the first fermentation with GC gives better results than the slurry and in both cases, enzyme addition increases flavour strength. In the second, we have developed products with carbonyl concentrations that are 8 to 10 times higher than those found in blue cheese with lipase or lipolized cream coating of the GC
Petitgonnet, Clément. "Etude des interactions levure-levure en milieu fermentaire." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK019.
Full textAlcoholic fermentation is the main step for winemaking, mainly performed by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. But other wine yeasts called non-Saccharomyces may contribute to alcoholic fermentation and improve the wine aroma complexity. The recurrent problem with the use of these non-Saccharomyces yeasts is their trend to die off prematurely during alcoholic fermentation, leading to a lack of their interesting aromatic properties searched in the desired wine. This phenomenon appears to be mainly due to interactions with S. cerevisiae. These interactions are most of the time negatives but remain unclear because of the species and strain specific response. That is why several studies focused on the comprehension of interactions, associating one or more non-Saccharomyces in co-fermentation with S. cerevisiae and by performing different analyses to try to elucidate the mecanisms involved. The aim of this PhD was to study interactions between two non-Saccharomyces with enological interest in sequential fermentations of grape must with S. cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae inoculated 24 to 48 h after the non-Saccharomyces). A flow cytometry protocol was developed to discriminate yeast populations and to monitor different physiological parameters (viability, lipid droplet and reactive oxygen species accumulation) of yeasts during fermentation. The focus was further done on the couple L. thermotolerans/S. cerevisiae by performing sequential fermentations with or without physical contact to study the cell-cell contact effect, which appeared to be involved in interactions between these two species as revealed by different analyses (competition for nutrients, volatile compound production or exo-metabolome). Thus, this PhD has confirmed the existence of interactions between S. cerevisiae and the two non-Saccharomyces studied by putting forward a negative effect of S. cerevisiae on L. thermotolerans but also, and for the first time, of L. thermotolerans on S. cerevisiae, especially about its biomass and fermentation kinetics of sequential fermentations