Relevant bibliographies by topics / Aliphatic acids

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Aliphatic acids'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Aliphatic acids"

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Uttry, Alexander, and Manuel van Gemmeren. "Direct C(sp3)–H Activation of Carboxylic Acids." Synthesis 52, no. 04 (2019): 479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690720.

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Carboxylic acids are important in a variety of research fields and applications. As a result, substantial efforts have been directed towards the C–H functionalization of such compounds. While the use of the carboxylic acid moiety as a native directing group for C(sp2)–H functionalization reactions is well established, as yet there is no general solution for the C(sp3)–H activation of aliphatic carboxylic acids and most endeavors have instead relied on the introduction of stronger directing groups. Recently however, novel ligands, tools, and strategies have emerged, which enable the use of free aliphatic carboxylic acids in C–H-activation-based transformations.1 Introduction2 Challenges in the C(sp3)–H Bond Activation of Carboxylic Acids3 The Lactonization of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids4 The Directing Group Approach5 The Direct C–H Arylation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids6 The Direct C–H Olefination of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids7 The Direct C–H Acetoxylation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids8 Summary
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van Gemmeren, Manuel, та Alexander Uttry. "The Direct Pd-Catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H Activation of Carboxylic Acids". Synlett 29, № 15 (2018): 1937–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610150.

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The carboxylic acid moiety is one of the most versatile and abundant functional groups. However, despite of tremendous progress in the field of C–H functionalization reactions its use as a directing group for C(sp3)–H activation has remained limited. In this Synpact article we present the challenges associated with the carboxylic acid moiety as a native directing group and report on the newest developments in this field, including our recent study in which we developed a generally applicable protocol for the direct palladium catalyzed β-C(sp3)–H arylation of propionic acid and related α-branched aliphatic acids giving access to hydrocinnamic acids derivatives in a highly straightforward manner.1 Introduction2 Challenges in the C(sp3)–H Bond Activation of Carboxylic Acids3 History/State of the Art4 Studies towards a General β-C(sp3)–H Functionalization of ­Aliphatic Acids5 Conclusion
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Woolfson, Kathlyn N., Mina Esfandiari, and Mark A. Bernards. "Suberin Biosynthesis, Assembly, and Regulation." Plants 11, no. 4 (2022): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040555.

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Suberin is a specialized cell wall modifying polymer comprising both phenolic-derived and fatty acid-derived monomers, which is deposited in below-ground dermal tissues (epidermis, endodermis, periderm) and above-ground periderm (i.e., bark). Suberized cells are largely impermeable to water and provide a critical protective layer preventing water loss and pathogen infection. The deposition of suberin is part of the skin maturation process of important tuber crops such as potato and can affect storage longevity. Historically, the term “suberin” has been used to describe a polyester of largely aliphatic monomers (fatty acids, ω-hydroxy fatty acids, α,ω-dioic acids, 1-alkanols), hydroxycinnamic acids, and glycerol. However, exhaustive alkaline hydrolysis, which removes esterified aliphatics and phenolics from suberized tissue, reveals a core poly(phenolic) macromolecule, the depolymerization of which yields phenolics not found in the aliphatic polyester. Time course analysis of suberin deposition, at both the transcriptional and metabolite levels, supports a temporal regulation of suberin deposition, with phenolics being polymerized into a poly(phenolic) domain in advance of the bulk of the poly(aliphatics) that characterize suberized cells. In the present review, we summarize the literature describing suberin monomer biosynthesis and speculate on aspects of suberin assembly. In addition, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of how suberization may be regulated, including at the phytohormone, transcription factor, and protein scaffold levels.
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Kukhar', Valerii P., and Vadim A. Soloshonok. "Aliphatic fluorine-containing amino acids." Russian Chemical Reviews 60, no. 8 (1991): 850–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rc1991v060n08abeh001115.

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Grützmann, Konrad, Sebastian Böcker, and Stefan Schuster. "Combinatorics of aliphatic amino acids." Naturwissenschaften 98, no. 1 (2010): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-010-0743-2.

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Wang, Yukang, Yan Yao, and Niankai Fu. "Electrophotochemical metal-catalyzed synthesis of alkylnitriles from simple aliphatic carboxylic acids." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 20 (July 3, 2024): 1497–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.20.133.

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We report a practical and sustainable electrophotochemical metal-catalyzed protocol for decarboxylative cyanation of simple aliphatic carboxylic acids. This environmentally friendly method features easy availability of substrates, broad functional group compatibility, and directly converts a diverse range of aliphatic carboxylic acids including primary and tertiary alkyl acids into synthetically versatile alkylnitriles without using chemical oxidants or costly cyanating reagents under mild reaction conditions.
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Feng, Z., R. Alén, and K. Niemelä. "Formation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids during Soda-AQ Pulping of Kenaf Bark." Holzforschung 56, no. 4 (2002): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2002.061.

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Summary The formation of aliphatic carboxylic acids during soda-AQ pulping of kenaf bark was studied. In addition to formic and acetic acids, a variety of hydroxy monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids were monitored. The results showed that the formation of hydroxy acids and formic acid significantly depend, in contrast to acetic acid, on the cooking conditions employed. Detailed gas chromatographic studies revealed that the most abundant hydroxy carboxylic acids were glucoisosaccharinic, lactic, glycolic, 3-deoxypentonic, 2-hydroxybutanoic, xyloisosaccharinic, 3,4-dideoxypentonic, 2-hydroxyglutaric, and glucoisosaccharinaric acids. The total amount of aliphatic carboxylic acids corresponded to 12–16% of o.d. kenaf bark.
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Rittich, Bohuslav, Marta Pirochtová, Jiří Hřib, Kamila Jurtíková, and Petr Doležal. "The Antifungal Activity of Some Aliphatic and Aromatic Acids." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, no. 5 (1992): 1134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19921134.

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The present paper deals with the relationship between biological activities of some aliphatic and aromatic acids and their physico-chemical parameters expressing the influence of hydrophobic factors. The test strain in the biotest of growth inhibition was the fungus Fusarium moniliforme CCMF-180 and Penicillium expansum CCMF-576. Significant relationship between antifungal activities of un-ionized form of aliphatic acids and their capacity factors (log k'0) extrapolated to pure water, partition coefficients determined in 1-octanol-water system (log Poct) and the first order of molecular connectivity indices (1χ) were calculated. The ionized form of aliphatic acids were antifungally active too. For benzoic acids significant relationships between antifungal activities and capacity factors of anionic form (log k'ia) were calculated.
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Willems, J. "The Aliphatic Hydroxysulphonic Acids and Their Internal Esters: The Sultones I. The Aliphatic Hydroxysulphonic Acids." Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges 64, no. 7-8 (2010): 409–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bscb.19550640710.

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Lenzen, S., W. Schmidt, I. Rustenbeck, and U. Panten. "3-Ketoglutarate generation in pancreatic B-cell mitochondria regulates insulin secretory action of amino acids and 2-keto acids." Bioscience Reports 6, no. 2 (1986): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01115002.

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The various neutral amino acids and aliphatic 2-keto acids exhibit differential effects on insulin secretion. The common denominator for all these effects is the 2-ketoglutarate generation in the pancreatic B-cell mitochondria. The neutral amino acids l-leucine and l-norvaline and the aliphatic ketomonocarboxylic acids 2-ketoisocaproate, 2-ketocaproate, 2-ketovalerate, and 2-keto-3-methylvalerate all stimulate insulin secretion and increase 2-ketoglutarate generation in pancreatic B-cell mitochondria through activation of glutamate dehydrogenase and transamination with l-glutamate and l-glutamine, respectively. The neutral amino acids l-valine, l-norleucine, and l-alanine and the aliphatic 2-keto acids 2-ketoisovalerate and pyruvate do not stimulate insulin secretion and do not increase 2-ketoglutarate generation in pancreatic B-cell mitochondria. Inhibition of 2-keto acid induced insulin secretion by l-valine and l-isoleucine is accompanied by reduced 2-ketoglutarate generation in pancreatic B-cell mitochondria. Thus intramitochondrial 2-ketoglutarate generation in pancreatic B-cells may regulate the insulin secretory potency of amino acids and 2-keto acids.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aliphatic acids"

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Jing, Stanley Mofor. "Synthesis of Resveratrol Esters and Aliphatic Acids." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1382.

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Resveratrol (RV) is a naturally occurring phytoalexin of the stilbenoid family produced by some plant species, and present in grape skin, peanuts, and red wine. It has been found to exhibit anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-aging, cardio protective, and anti-oxidant properties. Bioavailability is a huge setback that limits the potentials of RV. As a result, efforts have been made to design and synthesize RV esters and aliphatic acids in an attempt to increase its bioavailability, solubility in water, and possibly improving its biological activities. Resveratrol esters, 3,5,4'-triacetyloxystilbene (2) and Methyl 1,1',1''- (3,4',5-stilbenyl)-1,6-hexanedioate (3) have been synthesized. Compound 3 is a new compound, synthetic yield is 88%, and purity is above 95% based on NMR integration. Both 2 and 3 are good candidates for biological evaluation. 3 was used as a precursor in the synthesis of resveratrol aliphatic acid, 8-(3',5'-dihydroxylstilbene-4''-oxy)-3,6-dioxocotanoic acid (9). First, 2 was hydrolyzed to resveratrol diester, 3,5-diacetyloxystilbene (4). Mitsunobu reaction of 4 and methyl 8-hydroxy-3,6-dioxooctanoate (7) was then carried out to afford methyl 8-(3',5'-diacetyoxystilben-4''-oxy)-3.6-dioxooctanoate (/5), which was then hydrolyzed to afford 9 in total 43.6 % yield. Structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
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Durand, Pierre-Luc. "Fatty acids as a source of original aliphatic polycarbonate materials." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0710.

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Cette thèse porte sur la valorisation de dérivés d’acides gras dans l’objectif d’élaborer des matériaux polycarbonates aliphatiques (PCAs) bio-sourcés originaux. Dans cette optique, deux plateformes de carbonates cycliques à 6 chaînons (6CCs) ont été synthétisés en utilisant des voies d’accès impliquant soit la formation d’un intermédiaire de type malonate ou un couplage entre un acide gras et le 2-amino-1,3-propanediol. La polymérisation par ouverture de cycle de ces monomères a été étudiée. La première plateforme de 6CCs a été polymérisée en présence de Sn(Oct)2 comme catalyseur, donnant accès à des polycarbonates de faible Tg allant de -61°C jusqu’à-26°C du fait de longues chaines latérales pendantes. La polymérisation de la seconde plateforme de6CCs a été effectuée de manière contrôlée en utilisant un système catalytique composé de la DBU et d’une thio-urée. Tirant profit de ces polycarbonates aliphatiques bio-sourcés linéaires porteurs d’insaturations, des matériaux originaux réticulés ont été synthétisés. Plusieurs méthodes de réticulation ont été testées telles que le couplage thiol-ène irréversible, la réaction de Diels-Alder thermo-réversible et la cyclo-addition photo-réversible [2+2] entre deux groupements cinnamate.Ainsi, des PCAs réticulés issus d’acides gras ont été synthétisés et caractérisés; ces derniers possèdent des propriétés physico-chimiques modulables selon la nature des monomères de départ etla densité de réticulation des réseaux<br>Fatty acids were derivatized with the objective to design bio-based aliphatic polycarbonate(APC) materials. To that purpose, two platforms of lipidic 6-membered cyclic carbonates were prepared following synthetic routes either involving the ring-closure of a malonate intermediate or the coupling reaction between a fatty acid and 2-amino-1,3-propanediol. The ring-openingpolymerization (ROP) of these cyclic carbonates was next investigated. The first platform of 6CCswas polymerized in the presence of Sn(Oct)2 as catalyst, yielding low Tg aliphatic polycarbonates ranging from -61°C to -26°C with respect to the size of the pendant aliphatic side chains. The polymerization of the second lipidic 6CC platform was performed in a controlled fashion using DBU/Schreiner thiourea as catalytic system. Taking advantage of the presence of unsaturation functions on the linear bio-based APCs, cross-linked polycarbonate materials were then prepared.Several cross-linking methods were tested such as the irreversible thiol-ene coupling, the thermoreversible Diels-Alder reaction and the photo-reversible [2+2] cyclo-addition reaction between two cinnamate moieties. Fatty acid-based cross-linked APCs were thus designed and characterized; the latter exhibit tunable physico-chemical properties as a function of the monomer structure and the cross-linking density
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Wu, Wai Shing. "Measurements of amino acids and aliphatic amines in ambient aerosols /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CHEM%202003%20WU.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2003.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 226-231). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.
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Schory, David Henry. "Quantum Chemical Investigations of Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions and Acid Dissociations of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1253480264.

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Gillmore, Adam Thomas. "Poly-L-leucine : applications to asymmetric catalysis and stereoselective synthesis." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366977.

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Shen, Steve I. "Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) conjugated aliphatic acids as micellar drug carrier for targeted drug delivery." Scholarly Commons, 2004. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2641.

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Targeted drug delivery is desired in cancer therapy since most of the side effects common to chemotherapy are related to the toxicity of the drug. Integrin over-expression has been shown in various cancer cells and can be exploited for targeted drug delivery. The goal of this study is to design amphiphilic conjugates with targeting motifs as a targeted drug delivery carrier. Toward this effort, novel amphiphilic conjugates of the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide or GRGDS was linked to aliphatic acids of varying chain length. The hypothesis is that these novel amphiphilic conjugates, at concentrations above the critical micelle concentration (CMC), can form micelles in aqueous environment, encapsulate poorly-water soluble drugs, and target the α v β 3 integrin. The amphiphilic conjugate is also hypothesized to serve as targeting moiety in mixed micelle drug delivery system using Pluronic block copolymer. Synthesis of RGD amphiphilic conjugates was achieved by converting carboxylic acids into more reactive N-hydroxysuccinimidyl derivative and converting the carboxylic functional group of peptide into methyl ester. Then the activated NHS aliphatic ester was conjugated with methyl-protected peptide in the presence of organic base and methyl ester was removed in NaOH and subsequently neutralized. Intermediates and final products were characterized by MS, FTIR, and NMR. Micelle formation occurred in concentration of 0.015 to 0.12 mM for C 14 -RGD, C 16 -RGD, C 18 -RGD, and C 18 -GRGDS. Amphiphilic conjugate mixed with Pluronic L121 and Pluronic P104 (5% C 18 -RGD/L121 and 10% C 18 -GRGDS/P104) formed micelles at lower CMC of 0.0006 and 0.01 mM, respectively. Solubility of Taxol in water was improved by 87% when encapsulated in C 18 -RGD micelle above CMC. The solubility was increased 7 fold and 18 fold in mixed micelles of 5% C 18 -RGD/P104 and 5% C 18 -RGD/L121 above CMC. Three different drugs (DOX, Taxol, and etoposide) were used to evaluate the efficacy of the targeting C 18 -GRGDS micelle carrier alone or C 18 -RGD mixed with Pluronic block copolymers micelle. All 3 drugs significantly enhanced cytotoxicity toward cancer cells when loaded in micelle carrier above CMC. With same DOX concentration, C 18 -GRGDS micelle carrier significantly decreased percent of viable cells (12.9 ± 1.2%) above CMC when compared to concentrations below CMC (24.1 ± 1.0%). Mixed micelle of targeting amphiphile and Pluronic loaded with Taxol above CMC significantly decreased the percent of viable cells (38.3 ± 7.9%) when compared to non-targeting Pluronic block copolymer micelle (56.0 ± 2.8%). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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fadhil, ali abd al-karim alkarim. "Reversed-phase and surfactant modified reversed-phase high and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography of phenolic and aliphatic carboxylic acids." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1574428923192499.

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Ulrich, Hans-Jakob. "The adsorption of aliphatic fatty acids at aquatic interfaces : a comparison between polar and nonpolar surfaces /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1986. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=7967.

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Itsenko, Oleksiy. "Photoinitiated Radical Carbonylation Using [11C]Carbon Monoxide : 11C-Labelling of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Amides." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6021.

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One-step photoinitiated free radical carbonylation was employed for the rapid (5–7 min) labelling of aliphatic carboxylic acids, esters, and amides with a short-lived positron emitter 11C (t½ = 20.3 min) at the carbonyl position. The labelled compounds were synthesized from alkyl iodides (0.05–0.1 mmol), [11C]carbon monoxide, and appropriate nucleophiles. Decay-corrected radiochemical yields were up to 74%; conversion of [11C]carbon monoxide reached 85–90%; specific radioactivity was 158–192 GBq/mmol. The labelled compounds were identified and characterized using HPLC, LC-MS, and 1H and 13C NMR. The effects of solvents, additives, photoirradiation, temperature, and reaction time were studied and discussed. [carbonyl-11C]Amides were synthesized using amines in 1–2 equiv. to iodides, exploiting solvent effects to control reactivity. [carboxyl-11C]Acids were synthesized using water as a nucleophile, in binary and ternary aqueous solvent mixtures; the addition of TBAOH or KOH was necessary to obtain high radiochemical yields. [carbonyl-11C]Esters were synthesized using primary and secondary alcohols, tert-butanol, and phenol. Bases were KOH, BuLi, LiHDMS. The effects of photosensitizers were studied and exploited to accelerate the labelling of carboxylic acids and esters resulting in 75–85% decay-corrected radiochemical yields under mild conditions without the use of bases. A mild procedure for the 11C-carboxylation of alkyl iodides using DMSO as an oxygen nucleophile was developed. This method is expected to be suitable in the macroscale synthesis of carboxylic acids using isotopically unmodified carbon monoxide. Radical carbonylation was applied to improve the synthesis of an extensively used PET tracer, [carbonyl-11C]WAY-100635. The tracer was synthesized in one step, whereas a common approach via Grignard reagents requires three steps. In addition, several (13C)compounds were synthesised using the described methods. Free radical carbonylation may be used for the 11C-carbonylation of alkyl iodides, whereas transition-metal carbonylation – of aryl halides and triflates. Thus, the two carbonylation methods are complementary with respect to the scope of synthetic targets.
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Fasciano, Jennifer Marie. "Use of Surfactant Modifiers for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography of Aliphatic and Aromatic Acids and Capillary Electrophoresis of Glycosaminoglycans." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1448126648.

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Books on the topic "Aliphatic acids"

1

Ulrich, Hans-Jakob. The adsorption of aliphatic fatty acids at aquatic interfaces: A comparison between polar and nonpolar surfaces. [s.n.], 1986.

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Dieter, Behrens, and DECHEMA, eds. DECHEMA corrosion handbook: Corrosive agents and their interaction with materials. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft (for) DECHEMA, 1990.

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G, Kreysa, Eckermann R, Behrens Dieter, and DECHEMA, eds. DECHEMA corrosion handbook: Corrosive agents and theirinteraction with materials. VCH, 1991.

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Dieter, Behrens, and DECHEMA, eds. DECHEMA corrosion handbook: Corrosive agents and their interaction with materials. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft (for) DECHEMA, 1991.

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Dieter, Behrens, and DECHEMA, eds. DECHEMA corrosion handbook: Corrosive agents and their interaction with materials. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft (for) DECHEMA, 1991.

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G, Kreysa, Eckermann R, and Behrens Dieter, eds. Dechema corrosion handbook: Corrosive agents and their interaction with materials. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Germany, 1993.

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Liu, Yaqian. Solid phase microextraction and on-line methylation gas chromatography for aliphatic carboxylic acids. 2002.

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Patty's Toxicology, Organic Halogenated Hydrocarbons/Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids/Ethers/Aldehydes (Patty's Toxicology). Wiley-Interscience, 2000.

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Sainsbury, Malcolm. Aromatic Compounds : Polybenzenoid Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives : Hydrocarbon Ring Assemblies, Polyphenyl-Substituted Aliphatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives , Monocarboxylic Acids of the Benzene Series: C7-C13-Carbocyclic Compoun. Elsevier, 2016.

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(Editor), Gerhard Kreysa, and Reiner Eckermann (Editor), eds. Corrosive Agents & Their Interaction With Materials: Carboxylic Acid Esters, Drinking Water, Nitric Acid (The Dechema Corrosion Handbook). Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Aliphatic acids"

1

Small, Donald M. "Substituted Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: Alcohols and Acids." In The Physical Chemistry of Lipids. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5333-9_8.

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Zhuang, Lei, Yuxin Liu, and Haoran Zhang. "Microbial Biosynthesis of Straight-Chain Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids." In Microbial Production of High-Value Products. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06600-9_2.

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Austin, P. R., and S. Sennett. "Dry Chitosan Salts and Complexes of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids." In Chitin in Nature and Technology. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2167-5_36.

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Castro, J. L., J. C. Otero, and J. I. Marcos. "A Correlation between the SER Spectra of Aspartic Acid and Aliphatic Dicarboxilic Acids." In Fifth International Conference on the Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1934-4_99.

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Balha, Megha. "Dehydrogenation Reactions of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives." In Chemistry of Dehydrogenation Reactions and Its Applications. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003321934-7.

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Vervecken, M., Y. Servotte, M. Wydoodt, L. Jacobs, J. A. Martens, and P. A. Jacobs. "Zeolite-Induced Selectivity in the Conversion of the Lower Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids." In Chemical Reactions in Organic and Inorganic Constrained Systems. Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4582-1_8.

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Achilias, Dimitris S., and Dimitrios N. Bikiaris. "Synthesis, Properties, and Mathematical Modeling of Biodegradable Aliphatic Polyesters Based on 1,3-Propanediol and Dicarboxylic Acids." In Biodegradable Polyesters. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527656950.ch4.

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Avrahami, Dorit, Ziv Oren, and Yechiel Shai. "The Effect of Multiple Substitution of Aliphatic Amino Acids on the Structure, Function and Mode of Action of Lytic Peptides." In Peptides: The Wave of the Future. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0464-0_352.

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Mayr, Herbert. "Control of Electrophilicity in Aliphatic Friedel Crafts Reactions." In Selectivities in Lewis Acid Promoted Reactions. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2464-2_2.

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Small, Donald M. "Substituted Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: Soaps and Acid-Soaps." In The Physical Chemistry of Lipids. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-5333-9_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Aliphatic acids"

1

Groysman, Alec, Naphtali Brodsky, Joseph Pener, and Dmitry Shmulevich. "Low Temperature Naphthenic Acid Corrosion Study." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07569.

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Abstract The aim of this work is to define the corrosiveness of naphthenic acids and to examine a non-phosphorus corrosion inhibitor for low temperature (~ 200°C) naphthenic acid corrosion. Corrosiveness of NA is a function of their molecular weight (boiling point), and temperature. Corrosiveness of seven pure NA, twelve aliphatic and two aromatic organic acids, and fractions of NA distilled from industrial NA mixtures of three suppliers “F”, “A”, and “M”, was examined at their boiling points and at 195°C. Corrosion rates of carbon steel in contact with boiling aliphatic organic acids were 12 to 90 mm/year, but in pure boiling NA were 100 to 400 mm/year. Two aliphatic organic acids, heptanoic and nonanoic, showed corrosiveness similar to pure NA with corrosion rates 179 and 195 mm/year, respectively. Two aromatic hydrocinnamic (benzenepropanoic) and 6-phenylhexanoic acids showed extremely high corrosiveness in carbon steel: 646 and 638 mm/year respectively. The corrosiveness of the fractions from “F”, “A”, and “M” showed a maximum at about 300°C. Correlation between total acid number (TAN) and corrosiveness of NA fractions was not found. An industrial sulfur-based corrosion inhibitor showed lower efficiency (80 to 85%) than the phosphorus inhibitor (94 to 99%) and did not deteriorate catalyst activity and fuel quality.
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2

Dettman, Heather D., Nana Li, and Jingli Luo. "Refinery Corrosion, Organic Acid Structure, and Athabasca Bitumen." In CORROSION 2009. NACE International, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2009-09336.

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Abstract Since 1920, certain crude oils have been found to be corrosive in refineries. At temperatures between 428 and 752°F (220 and 400°C), sulfur-containing and organic acid species in crude oils are known to promote corrosion. Elemental sulfur, mercaptan, sulfide and polysulfide species convert to hydrogen sulfide which attacks carbon and low-alloy steels. Organic acids, such as naphthenic acids consisting of cycloalkane ring(s) with an attached aliphatic chain having a terminal carboxylic acid group, have been implicated. However, neither total sulfur content measured by elemental analyses, nor total acid content, measured by total acid number (TAN), have been found to correlate well with corrosivity of engineering alloys. A fundamental study of the relationships between the molecular structure of organic acid compounds to elevated temperature corrosion of refinery alloys has been performed. In particular, the corrosion rates of steel exposed to a series of homologous organic acids with respect to temperature has been assessed in a test unit that simulates corrosion found in refinery vacuum distillation towers. As well, organic acids from Athabasca bitumen have been isolated and characterized. The corrosivity of the model compounds and how they compare to the corrosivity of Athabasca bitumen will be discussed in terms of the molecular structure of the different organic acids. This work is partially supported by the Alberta Energy Research Institute and the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers.
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3

Groysman, A. "Protection of Structures from Corrosion in Wastes." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92430.

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Abstract The protective properties of waste- and atmosphere- resistant paint coatings (with rust converters) have been studied in laboratory and field conditions and have been examined at the purification installations for a long time (5-7 years). The protective properties of organic (NTPh - Nitrilo Trimethylene Phosphonic Acid, OEDPh - Oxy Ethylidene DiPhosphonic Acid, mixtures of aliphatic acids - wastes of petroleum manufacturing) and inorganic (phosphates, borates and some peroxosalts) corrosion inhibitors on carbon steel used for wastes of refineries and petroleum distributor enterprises under a wide range of experimental conditions (10-80°C) have been studied in laboratory and field conditions. The protective properties of new electrochemically synthesized peroxocompound with respect to carbon steel used for wastes in wide experimental conditions have been discovered.
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Dettman, Heather D., Nana Li, Dhanuka Wickramasinghe, et al. "The Influence of Naphthenic Acid and Sulfur Compound Structure on Global Crude Corrosivity under Vacuum Distillation Conditions." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01326.

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Abstract At temperatures between 220 and 400°C, naphthenic acid and sulfur-containing species present in many global crudes are known to cause refinery corrosion. Naphthenic acids are organic acids often described as cycloalkane ring(s) with an attached aliphatic chain having a terminal carboxylic acid group. Elemental sulfur, mercaptan, sulfide and polysulfide species convert to hydrogen sulfide which attacks metal. However, neither total acid contents measured by total acid number (TAN) nor total sulfur contents measured by elemental analyses have been found to correlate well with corrosivity. A fundamental study of the relationships of molecular structures of organic acid and sulfur compounds to corrosivity has been performed in a test unit that simulates corrosion found under vacuum distillation conditions. The corrosivities of model oil mixtures consisting of specific organic acid compounds in the presence or absence of specific sulfur compounds in white oil were measured. The corrosivities of global crudes including Athabasca are discussed in terms of their contents of different types of organic acid and sulfur species. In particular, analyses of coupon surfaces and crude oil organic acid subspecies identify the most corrosive species. This work was partially supported by the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers and Alberta Innovates - Energy and Environment Solutions (formerly Alberta Energy Research Institute).
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5

Shishkov, Toma, and Emil Dimitrov. "SOIL PROPERTIES OF CHROMIC LUVISOLS FROM KREMIKOVTSI AREA IN SOFIA MUNICIPALITY." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/3.1/s13.24.

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The result of the survey carried out on the territory of the Sofia-city municipality is presented, in relation to the application of the Program for the protection, sustainable use and restoration of soils as a limited and non-renewable natural resource. The obtained data on the Chomic Luvisols nearby the area of Kremikovtsi debate the basic physical and chemical soil characteristics. The priority task on the soil protection in the region aimed at the sustainable development, restoration and improvement of the soil resource. To fulfill this aim, samples from soil profile and additional sites from arable land were analyzed for texture, content and composition of organic matter, cation exchange capacity, soil bulk and soil particle density, soil moisture content at field sampling, porosity. The intrinsic peculiarity of organic substances is identified and the specific relationship within different fractions of extractable organic carbon. Humic acids are low molecular and with predominance of aliphatic over aromatic moieties in their molecules. The soil is affected by initial acidification but no evidence of destructive process of the soil adsorption complex, as the latter is characterized by high degree of saturation with bases. Chromic Luvisols are less vulnerable to erosion because, despite the low organic matter content, the colloidal clay content is significant.
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6

Tuckner, P. F. "Fluorocarbon Elastomer Coatings Properties, Chemistry, and Applications." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87239.

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Abstract Fluorocarbon elastomers have been utilized over the past 25 years for molded elastomeric parts requiring flexibility and resistance to high temperatures and harsh chemical environments. They are generally considered for applications requiring 200°C continuous service, but can operate at temperatures up to 260°C for shorter periods of time. They are also used to provide resistance to various harsh chemicals at moderate temperatures (35-150°C), showing stable physical properties and minimal volume swell. These include most aliphatic and aromatic alkanes, solvents and oils, some functionally oxygenated fluids and many inorganic acids and chemicals. These same polymers have been found to be useful as coating resins in a variety of applications. They can provide the resistance of a fluorinated polymer, with the solubility and coatability of a resin system that does not require fusion, (e.g. PTFE, (Teflon), PVDF (Kynar)). This paper describes the composition of these polymers and the chemistry and mechanisms involved in their use and cure. The relationship between the specific polymer composition and its chemical resistance is outlined and the various cure systems used are described in terms of their applications, advantages and limitations. It also discusses how these polymers can be compounded with various fillers and activators to prepare formulated coatings that are required to meet specific service requirements. Considerations in compounding for these requirements are delineated and methods for preparation of a few coating systems using various techniques are reviewed. The performance of these coatings in various environments is described and comparisons to other coating systems are outlined. An overview of various applications for fluorocarbon elastomer coatings is presented, along with a list of criteria to use for consideration of fluorocarbon elastomer applicability.
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7

Growcock, F. B. "Inhibition of Steel Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid by Acetylenic Alcohols." In CORROSION 1988. NACE International, 1988. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1988-88338.

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Abstract We have elucidated the mechanisms by which some aliphatic and aromatic acetylenic alcohols inhibit corrosion of steel in hydrochloric acid. Corrosion kinetics, electrochemical measurements and product analyses of systems containing l-octyn-3-ol, 3-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol (3-PPO) and 1-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol (1-PPO) indicate that, in all cases, the active inhibitor is first protonated, reversibly adsorbs and then undergoes irreversible reactions to form a polymer film. The chemisorbed inhibitor provides the majority of the corrosion protection, but the polymer film offers some protection as well. There are some important differences among the inhibitors, however. Octynol is relatively stable in the acid solution, whereas the aromatic compounds 3-PPO and 1-PPO are not. However, 3-PPO slowly converts to β-hydroxypropiophenone, which itself is an active inhibitor. Some inhibition is achieved by direct adsorption of 3-PPO per se. 1-PPO, on the other hand, reacts rapidly with the acid solution to form an allene, which slowly converts to cinnamaldehyde; if mediated by a surfactant, both the allene and cinnamaldehyde are excellent active inhibitors.
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8

White, Malcolm L., and Henry Leidheiser. "The Protection of Steel in Acid Media by Organic Coatings." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87230.

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Abstract Nine liquid epoxy resin/hardener combinations, a fusion-bonded epoxy, a fluoropolymer, and a urethane/asphalt coating were evaluated for their ability to protect steel against corrosion in acid solutions. Measurements of corrosion potential, AC conductance, weight gain and tensile adhesion were made after exposure for 1000 hours at 60°C to 1% H2SO4 and to a 7% H2SO4 solution containing 11 ions known to accelerate the attack of uncoated steel. In addition, any deterioration of the coating or corrosion of the steel was determined by visual observation after exposure. The best performance was shown by the fusion-bonded coatings (applied by electrostatic spraying) which showed no visible deterioration of either the coating material or the substrate. Two of the liquid epoxy resin systems showed equal performance: (1) a bisphenol A hardened with a cycloaliphatic amine; and (2) a multifunctional novolac hardened with an aliphatic amine. The fluoropolymer blistered in both solutions and the urethane/asphalt did not prevent corrosion of the steel. Air entrainment during mixing of some of the very high viscosity coating materials was found to degrade the performance; mixing in vacuum minimized this effect. The coating systems failed both by allowing the substrate to be attacked by the acid, and by the attack of the material itself. Attempts to correlate the measured parameters with the observed corrosion confirmed earlier work that the AC conductance was the best indicator of coating performance.
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9

Lino dos Santos, Celia Aparecida, Gutemberg de Souza Pimenta, and Zehbour Panossian. "Study of the N-Hexane Effect in Fuel-Grade Ethanol Mixtures in Terms of Stress Corrosion Cracking of Api 5L X70 Steel." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11311.

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Abstract Microalloyed steels are subject to stress corrosion cracking in fuel-grade ethanol according to studies carried out in this last decade. This work identifies the key agents that cause stress corrosion cracking on API 5L X70 steel in anhydrous fuel ethanol by statistical analysis of chemical analyses data of anhydrous-ethanol samples and data from stress corrosion cracking tests previously achieved. For validation of the statistical analysis, slow-strain rate tests were carried out with API 5L X70 steel in analytical-grade anhydrous ethanol contaminated with the compounds identified in the statistical analysis. Tests were also conducted in a simulated solution of anhydrous ethanol, prepared according to ASTM D 4806 standard by replacing the gasoline used as a denaturing agent for aliphatic n-hexane hydrocarbon. The tests were performed under super-dry synthetic air and ultrapure nitrogen atmosphere. The most aggressive medium was the simulated solution with gasoline followed by the simulated solution containing n-hexane, both under a nitrogen atmosphere. The solutions of analytical-grade ethanol contaminated with n-hexane and contaminated with chloride ions were equally aggressive and the solution of analytical-grade ethanol contaminated with acetic acid was the less aggressive one. The nitrogen atmosphere made the analytical-grade ethanol with n-hexane more aggressive when compared with the synthetic-air atmosphere. The presence of n-hexane was as aggressive as the presence of chloride ions.
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10

da T. Silva, Mayara A., Jean V. Ferrari, and Idalina V. Aoki. "Corrosion Behavior of Halloysite Nanotubes Loaded with Quaternary Imidazoline Based Inhibitor." In LatinCORR 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/lac23-20403.

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In oil exploitation, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and dissolved salts (mainly sodium chloride) can cause severe substantial corrosion to the pipelines. Additives such as corrosion inhibitors are one of the most viable solutions for dealing with corrosion problems arising from different process conditions in oil and gas production [1]. Typically, film former inhibitors are used on a large scale, and aliphatic diamines or imidazolines with long carbon chains are examples of effectiveness [2]. This study aims to evaluate the corrosion performance of quaternary imidazoline loaded on halloysite nanotubes for application in oil and gas production. The corrosion inhibitor efficiency (IE) of a quaternary imidazoline (IMD) in the AISI 1005 carbon steel at NaCl 3,5%(w/w) media was evaluated by electrochemical techniques. A three-electrode system was used to measure the linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Firstly, after attaining a stable open circuit potential (OCP), measurement was made for pre-established immersion intervals: 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24h. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies (IE) were obtained from LPR and EIS results. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were loaded with IMD, and successful loading was confirmed by UV-Vis analysis (Figure 1). Releasing behavior was observed by EIS for the first 24h of immersion at three different pHs (3, 7, and 9) and by UV-Vis. Results showed increased metal surface protection in the presence of the free corrosion inhibitor (non-loaded in HNT) and a corrosion rate decreasing with maximum inhibition efficiency of 85% (Table 1). EIS curves presented an increased capacitive arc and the appearance of a second time-constant for the free corrosion inhibitor condition (Figures 2and 3). UV-Vis revealed that IMD release was favored in acid conditions (Figure 4). EIS showed that corrosion protection increased with inhibitor release for all pHs (Figure 5), but mainly for basic conditions, it may be related to the fact that basic medium is less aggressive than the others
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Reports on the topic "Aliphatic acids"

1

Rafaeli, Ada, Wendell Roelofs, and Anat Zada Byers. Identification and gene regulation of the desaturase enzymes involved in sex-pheromone biosynthesis of pest moths infesting grain. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613880.bard.

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The original objectives of the approved proposal included: 1. Establishment of the biosynthetic pathways for pheromone production using labeled precursors and GC-MS. 2. The elucidation of a circadian regulation of key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. 3. The identification, characterization and confirmation of functional expression of the delta-desaturases. 4. The identification of gene regulatory processes involved in the expression of the key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. Background to the topic: Moths constitute one of the major groups of pest insects in agriculture and their reproductive behavior is dependent on chemical communication. Sex-pheromone blends are utilized by a variety of moth species to attract conspecific mates. The sex pheromones used are commonly composed of blends of aliphatic molecules that vary in chain length, geometry, degree and position of double bonds and functional groups. They are formed by various actions of specific delta-desaturases to which chain shortening, elongation, reduction, acetylation, and oxidation of a common fatty acyl precursor is coupled. In most of the moth species sex-pheromone biosynthesis is under circadian control by the neurohormone, PBAN (pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide). The development of specific and safe insect control strategies utilizing pheromone systems depends on a clear knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved. In this proposal we aimed at identifying and characterizing specific desaturases involved in the biosynthetic pathway of two moth pest-speciesof stored products, P. interpunctella and S. cerealella, and to elucidate the regulation of the enzymes involved in pheromone biosynthesis. Due to technical difficulties the second stored product pest was excluded from the study at an early phase of the research project. Major conclusions: Within the framework of the planned objectives we confirmed the pheromone biosynthetic pathway of P. interpunctella and H. armigera by using labeled precursor molecules. In addition, in conjunction with various inhibitors we determined the PBAN-stimulated rate-limiting step for these biosynthetic pathways. We thereby present conclusive evidence that the enzyme Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase is activated as a result of PBAN stimulation. We also found that P. interpunctella produce the main pheromone component Z9, E12 Tetradecenyl acetate through the action of a D11 desaturase working on the 16:Acid precursor. This is evidenced by the high amount of incorporation of ²H-labeled 16:Acid into pheromone when compared to the incorporation of ²H-labeled 14:Acid. However, in contrast to reports on other moth species, P. interpunctella is also capable of utilizing the 14:Acid precursor, although to a much lesser extent than the 16:Acid precursor. Despite the discovery of nine different desaturase gene transcripts in this species, from the present study it is evident that although PCR detected all nine gene transcripts, specific to female pheromone glands, only two are highly expressed whereas the other 7 are expressed at levels of at least 10⁵ fold lower showing very low abundance. These two genes correspond to D11-like desaturases strengthening the hypothesis that the main biosynthetic pathway involves a D11 desaturase.
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