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Journal articles on the topic 'Alkaloids and flavonoids'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Abdullah, Wiwin, Max Revolta J. Runtuwene, and Vanda Selvana Kamu. "UJI FITOKIMIA DAN PENENTUAN Inhibition Concentration 50% PADA BEBERAPA TUMBUHAN OBAT DI PULAU TIDORE." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 14, no. 2 (2014): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.14.2.2014.6063.

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ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui senyawa aktif yang terkandung melalui pengujian fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan pada tumbuhan obat di pulau Tidore. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH dilanjutkan dengan perhitungan Inhibition Concentration 50% (IC50). Hasil yang diperoleh adalah biji buah mojoi terkandung senyawa alkaloid dan saponin, buah coro terkandung alkaloid, flavonoid, dan saponin, pada daun ofo terkandung alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, steroid, dan saponin dan pada rimpang kuso mafola terkandung alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, steroid, dan saponin. Nilai IC

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Liu, Ake, Jingjing Dong, Mingyang Wang, et al. "Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Identified Key Transcriptional Factors Involved in Flavonoid and Alkaloid Biosynthesis Among Different Tissues of Sophora flavescens." Agronomy 15, no. 6 (2025): 1455. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15061455.

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Sophora flavescens has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor properties due to its active compounds, including alkaloids and flavonoids. Exploring the biosynthetic regulation mechanism of these compounds is crucial. Here, we identified 227 flavonoids and 55 alkaloids among five tissues (roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and pods) using wide-targeted metabolomics. Flavonoids were predominantly in roots, whereas alkaloids were primarily in roots and flowers. RNA sequencing revealed 18,488 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in non-root tissues compared to roots. T

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Kartikasari, Dian, Ika Ristia Rahman, Heni Puspasari, and Abduh Ridha. "The Spectometric Quantification of Total Content of Flavonoid, Phenol, and Alkaloid in Kesum leaf (Polygonum minus Huds) from West Borneo with Methanol and Ethanol Solvent." Majalah Obat Tradisional 27, no. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/mot.68497.

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Kesum (Polygonum minus Huds) is one of the typical plants that grow in West Borneo. The Kesum leaves are the part which is mostly used. Kesum leaves contain a lot of phytochemical compounds. This study quantitatively determined the total phenolic, flavonoid, and alkaloid contents in methanol and ethanolic extract of Polygonum minus Huds leaves using a spectrophotometric method. The samples were extracted by maceration. The content was determined by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Based on the assay result, the methanol extract contained a total of phenolic 49.351±0.430 ppmEAG (equivalent to

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Setyati, Dwi, Hari Sulistiyowati, Monica Paulina Erizcy, and Tri Ratnasari. "THE FLAVONOID AND ALKALOID CONTENT OF CYCLOSORUS PARASITICUS (LINN.) FARWELL FERNS AT THE PLANTATION AREAS OF JEMBER REGENCY." BIOLINK (Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan Industri Kesehatan) 7, no. 1 (2020): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/biolink.v7i1.3026.

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Cyclosorusparasiticus(Linn.) Farwell is one potential medicinal ferns. The plant contains secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids and alkaloids. This study aims to determine the flavonoid and alkanoidofCyclosorusparasiticus (Linn.) Farwell in three plantation areas of Jember Regency. Plant samples were collected from Mount Gumitir coffee plantations, Pine Garahan Village and rubber and cocoa plantations in Tancak in Jember. Samples of stems and leaves were dried at room temperature and then blended to obtain a powder. One gram of powder samples was macerated in 90 ml of methanol for 3x24 hou

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Karo-Karo, Sry Ulina, Anayanti Arianto, and Emil Salim. "Antibacterial Activity and Determination of Total Phenol and Flavonoid of Carica papaya L. Ethanol Extract." International Journal of Science, Technology & Management 4, no. 1 (2023): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v4i1.738.

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Infectious diseases are Indonesia's most common. Antibiotics are used to treat infections. Medicine needs new antibiotics due to antibiotic resistance. Antibiotics from plants are possible. Papaya leaf carpain alkaloids may be antibacterial. This study determined papaya leaf compound content, flavonoids' total phenol content, and the optimal concentration of papaya leaf ethanol extract that inhibits Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The first stages of the research were the maceration of papaya leaf extract with 96% ethanol solvent, the phytochemical screening test (alkaloid, f

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Ibrahim, Nurlina, Nuur Aanisah, Sri Sulistiana, Wa Ode Sitti Musnina, Ritha Pratiwi, and Agustinus Widodo. "PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, ANTIOXIDANT, AND CYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACTS FROM DIFFERENT PLANT PARTS OF Saccharum edule Hassk." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 18, no. 03 (2025): 1599–605. https://doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2025.1839279.

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Several species of Saccharum exhibit antioxidant activity, among which Saccharum edule Hassk. is commonly used as a vegetable. This study aims to determine the phytochemical content, total phenolic, total flavonoid, total alkaloid, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity of a 96% ethanol extract of S. edule stem, leaf, bract, and flower. Extracts were obtained via maceration, followed by qualitative phytochemical screening. Total phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids were quantified using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, antioxidant activity by the DPPH method, and cytotoxicity by the BSLT assay. Phyto

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Agusman, Indra, Andarini Diharmi, and N. Ira Sari. "Identifikasi senyawa bioaktif pada fraksi ekstrak rumput laut merah (Eucheuma cottonii)." Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal 9, no. 2 (2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/aa.v9i2.8121.

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Seaweed is a biological resource that is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. This study aims to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the bioactive compounds (flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids/terpenoids, saponins and phenols) from extracts and fractions of Eucheuma cottonii. The method used is an experiment by conducting a series of experiments by extracting and fractionating E. cottonii and the data were analyzed descriptively. The treatments used were organic solvents with different polarity levels (methanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol) for extraction and fractionation.

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Agusman, Indra, Andarini Diharmi, and N. Ira Sari. "Identification of bioactive compounds in extract fraction red seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii)." Acta Aquatica: Aquatic Sciences Journal 9, no. 2 (2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/aa.v9i2.6164.

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Seaweed is a biological resource that is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. This study aims to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the bioactive compounds (flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids/terpenoids, saponins and phenols) from extracts and fractions of Eucheuma cottonii. The method used is an experiment by conducting a series of experiments by extracting and fractionating E. cottonii and the data were analyzed descriptively. The treatments used were organic solvents with different polarity levels (methanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol) for extraction and fractionation.

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Yang, Xinyu, Xiaodan Zhao, Daqi Fu, and Ying Zhao. "Integrated Analysis of Widely Targeted Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveals the Effects of Transcription Factor NOR-like1 on Alkaloids, Phenolic Acids, and Flavonoids in Tomato at Different Ripening Stages." Metabolites 12, no. 12 (2022): 1296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12121296.

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Tomato is abundant in alkaloids, phenolic acids, and flavonoids; however, the effect of transcription factor NOR-like1 on these metabolites in tomato is unclear. We used a combination of widely targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics to analyze wild-type tomatoes and CR-NOR-like1 tomatoes. A total of 83 alkaloids, 85 phenolic acids, and 96 flavonoids were detected with significant changes. Combined with a KEGG enrichment analysis, we revealed 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in alkaloid-related arginine and proline metabolism, 60 DEGs were identified in the phenolic acid-related phen

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Ethiraj, Sumathi, and Vandana Sridar. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND EXTRACTION OF ACTIVE COMPOUND (ANONAINE) FROM FRUIT PEEL EXTRACT OF ANNONA RETICULATA L." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 11 (2018): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i11.27838.

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Objective: The main objective of this study was to analyze the phytochemical constituents, total phenol, total flavonoid, alkaloid content, in vitro antioxidant activity and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of anonaine compound from the fruit peel extract of Annona reticulata L.Methods: Preliminary phytochemical analysis for alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids was studied. Quantitative phytochemical analysis for total phenolics, total flavonoids and alkaloids was determined according to standard proto

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Luringunusa, Ekklesia, Grace Sanger, Deiske A. Sumilat, Roike Iwan Montolalu, Lena J. Damongilala, and Verly Dotulong. "Qualitative Phytochemical Analysis of Gracilaria verrucosa from North Sulawesi Waters." Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX 11, no. 2 (2023): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.v11i2.48777.

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The research aims to determine the phytochemical content such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, and triterpenoids found in the seaweed G. verrucosa. Seaweed G. verrucosa taken from the waters of North Sulawesi, Nain Village, North Minahasa, was extracted by maceration for 24 hours at room temperature, repeated 3 times using 96% ethanol solvent. The analysis in this study consisted of seven test parameters such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and alkaloids. The results of the analysis showed that the secondary metabo

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Al Azzahra, Yunita, Taufik Septiyan Hidayat, Lisna Dewi, et al. "ANALISIS KADAR ALKALOID DAN FLAVONOID SEDUHAN RAMBUT JAGUNG (Zea mays L. ) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS." Jurnal Buana Farma 4, no. 3 (2024): 306–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36805/jbf.v4i3.1126.

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Corn silk is generally a waste of sweet corn plants after being harvested and is rarely used, however, on the other hand, corn silk is also used by the community as herbal medicine and is believed to reduce the risk of hypertension and other types of chronic diseases such as kidney infections. Corn silk is thought to contain metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, essential oils, steroids, and alkaloids. Alkaloid compounds can function as drugs and strong activators for immune cells that can destroy bacteria, viruses, fungi, and cancer cells. Flavonoid compounds are compounds that have variou

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Dhumal, Jeevan Suresh, Sanjay R. Chaudhari, and Macchindra J. Chavan. "Effect of Different Extraction Conditions on Total Alkaloids, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content of Vigna mungo L hepper." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 4 (2019): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4.3138.

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Vigna mungo L Hepper is an important pulse crop cultivated in India. It is rich source of many nutritional compounds and it is an integral part of diet. Bioactive compounds like phenolic, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins etc. are present in the seeds. Objective is to determine the content of bioactive compounds present in the black gram seeds and to study effect of sample pretreatment, fractionation on total alkaloid, total phenolic and total flavonoids content. Three types of extracts were prepared by using ethanol as a solvent by using Soxhlet extractor. First Ethanolic extract (EE), second e

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Handayani, Tien Wahyu, Yulistien Yusuf, and Joni Tandi. "Analisis Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Biji Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 6, no. 3 (2020): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2020.v6.i3.15324.

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This study aims to determine the content and total levels of secondary metabolites of ethanol extract of moringa seed (Moringa oleifera Lam.). Extraction of moringa seed using the maceration method to obtain a filtrate. The filtrate obtained was concentrated using a rotary evaporator to obtain a concentrated extract. The extract was tested qualitatively for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins using a suitable reagent with the test parameters. The quantitative test was using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Alkaloids using test parameters equivalent total alkaloid quinine, flavonoids use

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Herawati, Herawati, Yuniarti Yuniarti, and Wiwin Tyas Istikowati. "UJI FITOKIMIA PADA TUMBUHAN OBAT JUNGRAHAB (Baeckea frutescens L.)." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 5, no. 3 (2022): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v5i3.5714.

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This study aims to qualitatively identify active compounds, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponins and quinons in jungrahab including the roots, stems, bark and leaves. Phytochemical screening methods (Harborne, 1987) as a phytochemical test. The results of research on jungrahab containing alkaloid compounds were found in the roots and stems, bark and leaves, which did not contain alkaloid compounds. Flavonoid compounds from the four parts were not detected by active compounds. Steroid and triterpenoid compounds were not detected in the roots and stems, but we

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Berghuis, Nila Tanyela, Ana Lailatul Farida, and Aulia Ilmiawati. "Qualitative and Quantitative Characterization of Secondary Metabolites of Qust' Al-Hindi (Saussurea Lappa) Plants." Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Sains dan Terapan Kimia 17, no. 2 (2023): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jstk.v17i2.14831.

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Utilization of plants that have the potential as herbal medicines, including the Qust' Al-Hindi (Saussurea Lappa) plant. Identification of the secondary metabolite content of the Qust' Al-Hindi Plant (Saussurea Lappa) through Phytochemical analysis in the form of flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid, tannin, and saponin tests on the extraction results as well as the calculation of flavonoid levels which are the largest content of this plant carried out using the UV method. -Vis. The characterization of the presence of a class of secondary metabolites contained in the plant was analyzed usin

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Tang, Ya-Yuan, Xue-Mei He, Jian Sun, et al. "Polyphenols and Alkaloids in Byproducts of Longan Fruits (Dimocarpus Longan Lour.) and Their Bioactivities." Molecules 24, no. 6 (2019): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24061186.

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The longan industry produces a large amount of byproducts such as pericarp and seed, resulting in environmental pollution and resource wastage. The present study was performed to systematically evaluate functional components, i.e., polyphenols (phenolics and flavonoids) and alkaloids, in longan byproducts and their bioactivities, including antioxidant activities, nitrite scavenging activities in simulated gastric fluid and anti-hyperglycemic activities in vitro. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents in pericarp were slightly higher than those in seeds, but seeds possessed higher alkaloid

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Konda, Josepin P., Jainer P. Siampa, Trina E. Tallei, Billy J. Kepel, and Fatimawali Fatimawali. "Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Biji Langsat (Lansium domesticum var. pubescens) dan Duku (Lansium domesticum var. domesticum) dengan Metode DPPH." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 20, no. 2 (2020): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.20.2.2020.28835.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak biji langsat dan duku dengan metode DPPH. Biji buah langsat dan buah duku diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut metanol. Skrining fitokimia yang dilakukan meliputi uji alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, triterpenoid, steroid dan saponin secara kualitatif dengan metode uji warna. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH dan vitamin C sebagai pembanding, serapan diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 517 nm. Skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak metanol biji la

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Muhammad, Zahra B., and Talib O. Al-Khesraji. "A Study of Chemical Content in Some Species of Tribe Apieae / Apiace." Ibn AL- Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences 2021 (May 28, 2021): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30526/2021.ihicpas.2647.

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In this study, the flavonoid and alkaloid content in the alcoholic extract of the shoots and flowers were identified in four species of the tribe Apieae / Apiacese : Ammi majus, Ammi visgana, Anethum graveolens and Foeniculum vulgaris, and the flavonoids that were detected are (Apigenin, Coumarin, Kaempferol and Quercetin). The species Foeniculum vulgaris has recorded the highest concentration of total flavonoid content (Shoots and Flowers) among the studied species, reaching 4139.2 Âµg / ml. The total alkaloids are estimated for these species, and the Foeniculum vulgaris has recorded the high

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Pratiwi, Elasari Dwi, and Niluh Puspita Dewi. "Screening of Phytochemical Secondary Metabolites of Muntingia Calabura: a Potential as Hepatoprotector." Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2, no. 2 (2022): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jfaps.v2i2.12364.

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Muntingia calabura is one of the plants employed to produce herbal-based treatments. Muntingia calabura leaves are traditionally used as an alternative medicine due to their secondary metabolites. The maceration method extracted Muntingia calabura leaves using 96% ethanol solvent for 3 x 24 hours. The fractionation process was carried out using a separating funnel method with different polarities, such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol-water. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used to confirm the phytochemical screening. TLC conditions under UV light 254 and 366 nm using solvents, such

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Y, Pallavi, and Hemalatha Kpj. "PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF CALAMUS ROTANG LINN LEAF EXTRACTS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 2 (2018): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i2.22397.

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Objective: The present study was aimed at phytochemical screening, quantification, and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis of hexane, chloroform and ethanol leaf extracts of Calamus rotang.Methods: Leaf extracts were prepared according to the polarity of the solvents, i.e., hexane, chloroform, and ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening involved the qualitative methods to detect the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, etc. Quantitative estimation of alkaloids using boldine as standard, phenols using gallic acid as standard, and flavonoid

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Rifa’i, Rizal, Wiwin Tyas Istikowati, and Yuniarti Yuniarti. "KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA AKAR, BATANG, KULIT, DAN DAUN POHON PELAWAN (Tristaniopsis merguensis)." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 4, no. 5 (2021): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v4i5.4200.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze active compounds of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponins, and quinons, on the roots, stems, bark’s, and leaves of pelawan trees by screening methods as phytochemical testing. Based on the results, parts of pelawan trees that contain alkaloid compounds only in the stem, leaves and bark, while the root does not contain alkaloids compounds. Flavonoids compounds in the roots, stems, leaves, and bark’s have negative values which means they are not found. Steroid compounds was not detected in the stem but were found in three other

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Natasya, Siti Adinda, M. Pandapotan Nasution, Haris Munandar Nasution, and Rafita Yuniarti. "Determination of Total Flavonoid Content of Ethanol Extract and Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Avocado Seed (Persea americana Mill) by Visible Spectrofotometry Methods." Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy 2, no. 3 (2025): 120–25. https://doi.org/10.63763/ijsp.v2i3.98.

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Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) has long been used in traditional medicine, and its seeds are known to contain flavonoid compounds, which are natural phenolics with antioxidant properties and potential therapeutic benefits. This study aims to identify the chemical compounds present in the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of avocado seeds, and to determine their total flavonoid content using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. This experimental study included sample collection, simplicia characterization, extraction, fractionation, phytochemical screening, and flavonoid quantification. Phy

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Nur Khofifah, Dian, and Indah Amelia. "PENGARUH PERBEDAAN METODE EKSTRAKSI SIRIH CINA (Peperomia pellucida L.) TERHADAP KADAR TOTAL FLAVONOID DAN ALKALOID." JURNAL ETNOFARMASI 3, no. 01 (2025): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.36232/jurnalfarmasiunimuda.v3i01.1972.

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Chinese betel has benefits as a traditional medicine to treat gout, rheumatism, and arthritis. The compounds contained in Chinese betel include flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids which have various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, diuretic, antifungal, and antiviral. This study was conducted to determine the effect of different extraction methods on the compound content and to determine the effect of these different extractions on the total levels of flavonoids and alkaloids contained in the Chinese betel plant (Peperomia pellucida L.)

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Tandi, Joni, Bella Melinda, Anita Purwantari, and Agustinus Widodo. "Analisis Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etanol Buah Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 6, no. 1 (2020): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2020.v6.i1.15044.

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This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites and the levels of total secondary metabolites in ethanol extract of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) fruit with UV-Vis Spectrophotometry method. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) fruit extract was prepared by maceration method with 96% ethanol. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator that followed by a qualitative test for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins using suitable reagents with the test parameters, while for the qualitative assay using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometry. Qualitative analysis

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Galal, Tarek M., Hatim M. Al-Yasi, Mustafa A. Fawzy, et al. "Evaluation of the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Potential of Taif’s Rose (Rosa damascena Mill var. trigintipetala) for Possible Recycling of Pruning Wastes." Life 12, no. 2 (2022): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12020273.

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This study investigated the phytochemical contents of Taif’s rose pruning wastes and their potential application as phytomedicine, thereby practicing a waste-recycling perspective. In the Al-Shafa highland, four Taif rose farms of various ages were chosen for gathering the pruning wastes (leaves and stems) for phytochemical and pharmacological studies. The leaves and stems included significant amounts of carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, and other phenolic compounds. The cardiac glycoside and flavonoid contents were higher in Taif rose stems, while the phenolic and alka

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., Surahmaida, and Prasetyo Handrianto. "Analisis Kandungan Kimia Daun Dan Batang Sembukan (Paederia Foetida) Dengan Menggunakan 2 Pelarut Yang Berbeda." Journal of Pharmacy and Science 3, no. 2 (2018): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v3i2.112.

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ABSTRAKTanaman sembukan (Paederia foetida) atau yang lebih kita kenal dengan daun kentut merupakan tanaman yang biasanya digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai obat diare atau obat kembung. Kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder tanaman sembukan perlu dikaji lebih lanjut untuk penemuan bahan obat baru. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terdapat pada daun dan batang sembukan dengan metode maserasi yang direndam ke dalam pelarut etanol 96% dan metanol selama 5 hari. Ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak metanol pada masing-masing daun dan batang kemudian di

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Kim, Han-Young, and Jung-Hoon Kim. "Chemical Influence of Scutellaria baicalensis—Coptis chinensis Pair on the Extraction Efficiencies of Flavonoids and Alkaloids at Different Extraction Times and Temperatures." Separations 10, no. 2 (2023): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10020131.

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The Scutellaria baicalensis—Coptis chinensis pair is an herbal combination used for the treatment of various heat-related diseases. During the extraction process, two herbs can mutually influence the extraction efficiency of the chemical constituents contained in each herb. The concentrations of five flavonoids from S. baicalensis and seven alkaloids from C. chinensis were compared in paired or single hot-water extracts at different temperatures (80, 90, and 100 °C) and extraction times (60, 90, and 120 min). Temperature- and time-dependent increases in marker compound concentrations were obse

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Bharti, Dipti, Rahul Singh, and Charu Arora. "Study on effect of variation of geographical and climatic conditions on chemical constituents and biological activity of Emblica officinalis." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 25, no. 10 (2021): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2510rjce114120.

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Alkaloid and flavonoid contents of E. officinalis of leaf samples collected from five different geographical and climatic conditions have been compared in the present study. Comparison has also been made in terms of percent yield and number of constituents present in alkaloid and flavonoid samples as well as for antifungal potential against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. Alkaloid content is found to be maximum in samples collected from Banasthali, Rajasthan, an extremely hot and dry climatic zone. HPLC profiles indicate presence of maximum number of constituents in alkaloids separa

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Damayanti, Rizki, and Ria Ervilita. "Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol, Etil Asetat Dan N-Heksana Batang myristica Fragrans." Talenta Conference Series: Science and Technology (ST) 2, no. 1 (2019): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/st.v2i1.323.

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Telah dilakukan uji skrining fitokimia terhadap batang Myristica fragrans. Uji fitokimia yang dilakukan diantaranya adalah alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, saponin, dan terpenoid/ steroid. Hasil uji skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol batangMyristica fragrans menunjukkan adanya kandungan flavonoid, saponin dan terpenoid/ steroid. Hasil skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak etil asetat menunjukkan adanya falvonoid dan terpenoid/ steroid sedangkan pada ekstrak n-heksana menujukkan adanya senyawa terpenoid/ steroid. Senyawa-senyawa kimia yang tidak terdapat pada ketiga ekstrak dengan variasi pelarut daun My

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Abid Aun Ali, Zainab, Hadeel M. Habeeb, and Liqaa A. Jazaa. "MORPHOLOGICAL, ANATOMICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDY OF AN EXOTIC PLANT JATROPHA INTEGERRIMA JACQ. 1763 (EUPHORBIACEAE) IN IRAQ." Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum 17, no. 1 (2022): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2022.17.1.0129.

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Jatropha L. is an exotic genus to Iraq and it has been cultivated in gardens for ornamental purposes because of the shiny red color of the flowers. The plant adapted to environmental conditions and succeeded in growing and blooming, which is why the species was interested to study. The species Jatropha integerrima Jacq. was examined and diagnosed for the first time in Iraq. Morphological and anatomical characteristics for leaves (considering that the variations are the most reliable and taxonomically important) were provided. The Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavon

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Lifendro, Lifendro, Haslianti Haslianti, and Nur Asyik. "KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN RUMPUT LAUT (E. spinosum) YANG DIPEROLEH DARI KECAMATAN WANGI-WANGI SELATAN DAN KECAMATAN KALEDUPA SELATAN." Jurnal Fish Protech 4, no. 1 (2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jfp.v4i1.18138.

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ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the proximate content (water content, carbohydrate levels), phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids), and antioxidants. Data analysis in this study used descriptive analysis to provide a general description of the data. The results of this study aim to determine the content of proximate (water content, carbohydrate levels), phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids), and antioxidants. Proximate test on E. spinosum seaweed has a difference, namely water content with sample code P1 = 41.83%

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Lifendro, Lifendro, Haslianti Haslianti, and Nur Asyik. "KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN RUMPUT LAUT (E. spinosum) YANG DIPEROLEH DARI KECAMATAN WANGI-WANGI SELATAN DAN KECAMATAN KALEDUPA SELATAN." Jurnal Fish Protech 4, no. 1 (2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jfp.v4i1.18138.

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ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the proximate content (water content, carbohydrate levels), phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids), and antioxidants. Data analysis in this study used descriptive analysis to provide a general description of the data. The results of this study aim to determine the content of proximate (water content, carbohydrate levels), phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids), and antioxidants. Proximate test on E. spinosum seaweed has a difference, namely water content with sample code P1 = 41.83%

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Nasution, Ali Napiah, Ermi Girsang, Jerry Fidelio Susanto, et al. "PHOTOCHEMICAL TEST OF PHALERIA MACROCARPA ROOT STEM FRUIT SEED EXTRACT." Jambura Journal of Health Sciences and Research 4, no. 3 (2022): 632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35971/jjhsr.v4i3.12253.

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Mahkota dewa atau Phaleria macrocarpa dari keluarga Thymelaceae merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh di kawasan Indonesia. Tanaman ini banyak dimanfaatkan dalam membantu pengobatan berbagai jenis penyakit termasuk penyakit ringan hingga penyakit ganas. Perlu dilakukan uji fitokimia pada tanaman obat, uji fitokimia mengacu pada kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada suatu tumbuhan yang memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan atau berperan aktif dalam mencegah penyakit. Berdasarkan strukturnya bahan kimianya, senyawa metabolit sekunder dibagi menjadi beberapa yakni, alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, tanin, sapo

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Setyaningrum, Lindawati, and Dhina Ayu Susanti. "PENETAPAN KADAR ALKALOID TOTAL PADA EKSTRAK N-HEKSAN DAN ETANOL BIJI KETUMBAR (Coriandrum sativum) MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETER UV-Vis." Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia 4, no. 3 (2022): 353–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33759/jrki.v4i3.268.

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Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) is one of the medicinal plants which is known to contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, and alkaloids. Alkaloids have therapeutic effects as antimalarials and cancer. Research in determining the alkaloids in coriander was carried out by separating the alkaloids from other substances using the soxhlet method extraction with two solvents ethanol and n-hexane. The total alkaloid content is determined using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer at wavelength 351,5 nm. The reaction of alkaloids with Bromocresol green (BCG) is o

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Babita, Km, Malvika Srivastava, Alok Ranjan, and Awanish Awanish. "Impact of Drought on Secondary Metabolites in Medicinal plant Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 46 (2024): 4867–73. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i46.3051.

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Background/Objective: Various Secondary metabolites in Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. make this plant medicinally important. Also, this plant is naturally subjected to drought-like conditions; the main abiotic stress relates to low water availability to plants. However, literature is scarce regarding studies on drought stress impact on secondary metabolites content in Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. Methods: Plants were exposed to water regimes to generate drought-like conditions, i.e. 200, ml water was given at 3-day intervals for mild stress, 4-day intervals for moderate stress and 6-day interv

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Yu, Yanfang, Jinzhi Huang, Zhenhua Deng, Yawei Wang, Xinfeng Jiang, and Junwen Wang. "Soil Application of Bacillus subtilis Regulates Flavonoid and Alkaloids Biosynthesis in Mulberry Leaves." Metabolites 14, no. 4 (2024): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo14040180.

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Flavonoids and alkaloids are the major active ingredients in mulberry leaves that have outstanding medicinal value. Bacillus subtilis can effectively activate the plants defense response and regulate the plant secondary metabolism. In this study, we explored the effects of soil application of B. subtilis on the content of flavonoids and the most important alkaloids (1-deoxynojirimycin, DNJ) in mulberry leaves. Significant decreases in flavonoid content were observed in tender leaves and mature leaves after treatment with B. subtilis; at the same time, significant increases in DNJ content were

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Kitagawa, Niichiro, Kiyofumi Ninomiya, Shuhei Okugawa, et al. "Quantitative Determination of Principal Alkaloid and Flavonoid Constituents in Wintersweet, the Flower Buds of Chimonanthus praecox." Natural Product Communications 11, no. 7 (2016): 1934578X1601100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1601100721.

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A quantitative analytical method has been developed for four alkaloids (1–4), identified as constituents responsible for the melanogenesis inhibitory activity of the extracts of wintersweet, the flower buds of Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link (Calycanthaceae). Concurrently, a quantitative analytical protocol has been developed for five flavonoids (5–9), which also exhibited inhibitory activity. To approve the validity of the developed protocols, five extracts of the flower buds collected in Chinese market were evaluated. The optimum conditions of separation and detection of these alkaloids (1–4)

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OSEMWENKHAE, O. P., and K. O. ORUMWENSODIA. "IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT AND PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF DENNETTIA TRIPETALA SEED." Nigerian Journal of Life Sciences (ISSN: 2276-7029) 5, no. 1 (2022): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/njls.v5i1.225.

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This study evaluates the total phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids and steroids contents as well as the antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of Dennettia tripetalaseeds. The extract of D. tripetalawas investigatedfor its phytochemical constituentssuch as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins and steroids,and its in vitro antioxidant activities using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay. The results obtained reveals the following; total phenolics (8.42±0.00), flavonoids (1.62±0.00), saponins (5.00±0.52), tan

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Facchini, Peter J., David A. Bird, Richard Bourgault, et al. "Opium poppy: a model system to investigate alkaloid biosynthesis in plants." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 10 (2005): 1189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b05-094.

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Remarkable progress on the biology of plant secondary metabolism has recently been realized. The application of advanced biochemistry, molecular, cellular, and genomic methodologies has revealed biological paradigms unique to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, glucosinolates, phenylpropanoids, and terpenoids. The use of model plant systems has facilitated integrative research on the biosynthesis and regulation of each group of natural products. The model legume, Medicago truncatula Gaertn., plays a key role in studies on phenylpropanoid and flavonoid me

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Muhammad, Muhammad, Budi Sutiya, and Yuniarti Yuniarti. "UJI FITOKIMIA TUMBUHAN CEMARA GUNUNG (Casuarina junghuniana), MERAMBUNG (Vernonia arborea), DAN LIMPASU (Baccaurea lanceolata) DI KAWASAN HUTAN DENGAN TUJUAN KHUSUS ULM." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 4, no. 3 (2021): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v4i3.3747.

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The purpose of this study is to qualitatively identify active chemical compounds namely the content of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, saponins, and quinons in cemara gunung, merambung and limpasu. Simplisia retrieval and processing of cemara gunung, merambung, and limpasu parts of stems, roots, bark and leaves is taken in KHDTK ULM. Existing materials are then given treatment until it becomes powder for further phytochemical tests according Harbone (1978). Phytochemical testing with phytochemical screening methods conducted component tests of active chemical compounds

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Adnan, Muhammad, Akash Tariq, Roqaia Bibi, et al. "ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF ALKALOIDS AND FLAVONOIDS EXTRACTED FROM TAMARIX APHYLLA LEAVES AGAINST COMMON HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 12, no. 2 (2015): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v12i2.6.

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Background: Alkaloids and flavonoids are secondary metabolites extracted from different medicinal plants. Tamarix aphylla a traditionally valuable medicinal plant; was used for the extraction of alkaloids and flavonoids in order to evaluate their antibacterial activity. Methodology: The leaves of the plant were collected from district Kohat, Pakistan, and their alkaloids and flavonoids were extracted with ethanol and methanol, respectively. Four bacteria i.e. Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeru

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Mbina, Solomon Adomi, Clement Olusoji Ajayi, Shehu Dayyabu, et al. "Phytochemical profiling and quantification of bioactive constituents in lyophilized khat (Catha edulis Forsk) leaf extract from central Uganda." F1000Research 14 (July 9, 2025): 681. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.163345.1.

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Background Phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides and volatile oils are only a few bioactive phytochemicals found in most plants including Catha edulis Forsk which is consumed daily in most regions of Uganda. Objective This study aimed to analyze and quantify the bioactive constituents in lyophilized leaf extract of Catha edulis (‘Kasenge’ variety) from central Uganda. Methods Total alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic and saponins contents were determined using spectrophotometric techniques. The bioactive compounds in the Catha edulis leaves were identified using high-performance liqu

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Fatmawati, Fatmawati, Noor Arida Fauzana Noor Arida Fauzana, Siti Aisiah Siti Aisiah, et al. "Chemicals Profile of Kelakai Leaves Extracts (Stenochlaena palustris) with Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity against Aeromonas hydrophila." Sains Malaysiana 51, no. 8 (2021): 2531–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5108-14.

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Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) is a typical Kalimantan plant that has been used by Banjar and Dayak communities as traditional medicine and vegetable. This study aimed to examine the potential of kelakai leaves extracts as a natural product to inhibit Aeromonas hydrophila growth. This research included kelakai leaves sampling in Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, extraction (EtOH 1:4 w/v), phytochemical and chemicals profile screening (LCMS), prediction of biological activity (PASS server), antibacterial activity (broth dilution), antioxidant activity (DPPH), total phenol (gallic acid

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Akpe, M. A., P. B. Ashishie, and O. A. Akonjor. "Evaluation of some phytochemicals in raw and cooked Ipomea batatas (Lam), (Sweet potato), Solanum tuberosum (Irish potato) and Dioscorea cayenensis (Yellow yam)." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, no. 9 (2021): 1563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i9.3.

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Cooking induces numerous phytochemical changes in food. This study is aimed at determining the amount of phytochemicals present in raw and cooked sweet potato, Irish potato and yellow yam. The amount of tannin, alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids and phenol were determined in raw and cooked samples of each food crop. The result showed that tannin, alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, phenol contents was high in Irish potato and sweet potato but was far much present in Irish potato, while it was seen in minute quantity in yellow yam. The values obtained for each phytochemicals in each food sample raw and

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Chibuzo, Anyanele Wisdom, Anyanele Ijeoma Sylvalyn, Ezenwata Ifeoma Sussan, Okoye Elochukwu Chidubem Sunday, Ofobeze Tochukwu Nosike, and Shalom Tonna Ubaezuonu. "Ecological Studies of Tridax procumbens (Linn) and Ageratum conyzoides (Linn) and the comparative Studies of Their Phytochemical." Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science 8, no. 4 (2023): 240–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4204.

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Tridax procumbens and Ageratum conyzoides are two plant species commonly found in tropical regions and have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes. Field surveys were conducted in selected sites across Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria to assess the distribution and abundance of the two species. Data on soil moisture, light intensity, temperature, and altitude were also collected to determine the ecological factors that influence their growth and distribution. Phytochemically, the main constituents present in these plants using various techniques including chromatography

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Damadyan, B., N. Güner, A. Meriçli, and B. Çubukçu. "Flavonoids and Alkaloids fromChamaecytisus eriocarpus." Planta Medica 52, no. 06 (1986): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-969273.

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Akhmedzhanova, V. I., and D. Batsurén. "Alkaloids and flavonoids ofOxytropis muricata." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 33, no. 3 (1997): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02234887.

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Singh, Sarita, Vidya Bhushan Pandey, and Tryambak Deo Singh. "Alkaloids and flavonoids ofArgemone mexicana." Natural Product Research 26, no. 1 (2012): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2010.529809.

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Mardiyanto Riski Hartono. "Potensi Ekstrak Air Dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Avicennia Marina Sebagai Nutraceutical." Wahana 73, no. 1 (2021): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/wahana.v73i1.3595.

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This research was conducted to prove that the leaves of avicennia marina contain ingredients that are potential as nutraceuticals, as well as to determine the comparison of the extraction results using water extract and ethanol extract. Avicennia marina leaves collected randomly and turn it into powder. The avicennia marina leaves powder processed with water extraction and ethanol extraction. The result of extraction process were tested by phytochemical screening tests to determine the content of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, and examined for flavonoid leve

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