Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Allemagne – 1871-1918'
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Klein, Michael B. "Zwischen Reich und Region : Identitätsstrukturen im Deutschen Kaiserreich (1871-1918) /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40087595q.
Full textZimmermann, Bénédicte. "La constitution du chômage en Allemagne : mise en forme d'une catégorie nationale des politiques publiques (1871-1927)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0002.
Full textThe definition of unemployment, as consolidated by the insurance law of 1927, was a source of major controversy for germany at the turn of the century. The issue was found on the political agendas of the reich and municipalities, during the economic crisis of 1981 1894, at the same time as the word arbeitslosigkeit gained academic recognition and found its way into dictionaries. As the result of the attempted translaton of certain forms of proverty and nonlabor into a new public policy category, unemployment underwent a complex definition process characterized by the plurality of the scenes and of the actors taking part in it. Unions, municipalities and the federal state represent so many scenes on which particular interactions took place and a specific definition of the categorization's stake prevaled. Whereas unionists, as a means of effectively improve the economic situation, and municipal agents, who sought to diminish the tax burden on the treasury of public. Assistance in their charge, asked for the reich's intervention, the federal government justified its non-interventionist stand through the state's subsidiarity. When local actors attempted to elaborate a national space of intervention on unemployment by constituting a network of reform-minded individuals, their initiatives came up against the absence of a generality principle likely to transcend the plurality of their individual experiences into a national public policy category. Closely bound to the froms of government, the institutionalisation of this national category was made possible by the reconfiguration of economics and politics indudec by the first world war and
Bernhardt, Christoph. "Bauplatz Groß-Berlin : Wohnungsmärkte, Terraingewerbe und Kommunalpolitik im Stadtetwachstum der Hochindustrialisierung (1871-1918) /." Berlin ; New York : W. de Gruyter, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370342265.
Full textHummel, Jacky. "Le constitutionnalisme allemand (1815-1918) : le modèle allemand de la monarchie limitée." Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020058.
Full textThis doctoral work has been conceived to study the specificity of the german constitutional reality of the 19th century and the conservative ideology of the so-called "german constitutionalism" opposed to the western one. Our demonstration has shown that after 1850 bismarck and the conservative theoricians tried to save the essence of the german model of monarchy and its principle against the liberal attempts of parliamentarization of the politic system this work is divided in two parts : i. Constitutionalism and royal sovereignty in the germany of vormarz. Ii. Constitutionalism and parliamentarization of german politic system (1848-1918)
Duménil, Anne. "Le soldat allemand de la Grande Guerre : institution militaire et expérience du combat." Amiens, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AMIE0004.
Full textAntoni, Hélène. "Les villes d’Alsace-Lorraine dans le contexte de l’essor urbain en Allemagne à la fin du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAG034.
Full textThe annexation of Elsass-Lothringen to the German Empire from 1871 to 1918 corresponds to the historical process which transformed deeply the economic structures of Western societies. These deep changes lead to unprecedented urban expansion. In Germany, the question of the extension of cities (Stadterweiterung), and more generally of the construction of cities (Städtebau), is approached in a methodical way and the cities of the Reichsland Elsass-Lothringen participate to this shift. Historiography however remains silent on the implementation of planning or management tools that were necessary. This text seeks to decipher the specific mechanisms that led to the extension projects of cities of Alsace-Lorraine during the German period, in a particular political and cultural context. It provides an opportunity to evoke the main actors and the pioneers of this new activity : building cities
Schwarzmüller, Theo. "Zwischen Kaiser und "Führer" : Generalfeldmarschall August von Mackensen : eine politische Biographie /." Paderborn ; München ; Wien [etc.] : Schöningh, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370930138.
Full textJaquand, Corinne. "Le grand Berlin et l'anticipation américaine : infrastructures, paysage et forme urbaine du IIe au IIIe Reich." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0034.
Full textThis doctorale deals with the reception of Americanism in the field of German architecture and city- planning. The analysis focuses on the metropolis of Berlin from the Wilhems' Empire to the III Reich. The problematic is articulated to the topos of modernity, understood as a process of modernization - socially, technically and aesthetically. We have examined how the different trends of German modernity - from the radical to the conservative, have referred to American modernity. The corpus concerns the edition of architecture and urban ingineery (reviews, books, essays, exhibitions catalogues and conferences proceedings). The subject is developed with four topics : metropolitan architecture and debates on skyscrapers : urban transformations through transport infrastructures, railroad and then automobile ; development of urban and regional park systems : patterns of urban extensions relates to Fordist city. The first chapter described diachronically the German protagonists of the A mericanism in regards to three epochs : the first, the urban reform supported by experts ; the second, the years of avant-gardism which opposed radical Moderns against conservative Moderns ; the third, from the Great Depression to the end of nazism, saw the American model rejected even if the modernization of the country went forward. Methodologically, this doctorate refers to the theories of Jauss and Sulzer on reception in literature. In questions the national identity of urban design and architecture as a culture and practices. It proceeds from the hypothesis that the American model was used to formulate a cultural project on modernity, specifically German. It comes out to the notion of "geo-cultural eras" which are characterized by slow evolutions of the conceptual, legal and institutional patterns of concepts and which could be submitted, but punctually, to changing paradigms of professional contexts
Dauss, Markus. "Die architektonische Symbolisierung politischer, sozialer und kultureller Institutionen in Berlin und Paris (1871-1918) : Studien zur politischen Ikonologie öffentlicher Architekturen im deutschen Kaiserreich und der dritten Republik." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4029.
Full textOur study tries to examine the role of public buildings in the capitals of the German Empire (Berlin) and the third French Republic (Paris) from 1871 to 1918. The urban space is therefore being considered as a crystallization of the national community and its construction of identity. Political history has since some time focussed on the study of collective identity and its symbolization. The approach we have adopted for our study is a crossing of this current of political history and of a more classical kind of history of architecture. It could be called political iconology of architecture in Paris and Berlin. Our study which tries to close this gap hopes to find its readers in both countries. It treats the following building types: Basilique of the Holy Heart, parliamentary assemblies, government and post offices, town halls, museums, churches and Synagogues
Joschke, Christian. "Les yeux de la nation : photographie amateur et société dans l'Allemagne de Guillaume II." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0092.
Full text1880-1910 : three decades in which images, and especially photographic images, acquired great importance inpublic life and inspired an ambitious project in the German liberal bourgeoisie : this bourgeoisie wanted liberal society to construct an enlightened visual culture on the basis of associative life, its deliberative practices and educative ideals. The bourgeoisie encouraged the spread of photography through the formation of amateur clubs, publishing journals and organizing major exhibitions which were not by any means limited to art photography. The public space that emerged around photographic practices facilitated the creation of a common culture inpost-Bismarckian Germany. Why were amateurs, and not the press, industry or even cultural institutions, situated at the heart of this project? What were the political aims of these images in a country deeply marked by the militaristic propaganda and Welpolitik of Wilhelm II? What part did images, and especially photographs of the land and folklore, play in the construction of a nation identity "from below"?
Dickès, Christophe. "Jacques Bainville et les relations internationales (1908-1936)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040267.
Full textBorn in a republican environment, Bainville evolve under the intellectual influence of Sainte-Beuve, Taine, Carlyle, Barrès up to becoming a royalist. This reasoned choice is reinforced as he discovers the German unity sustaining the emperor, while the Dreyfus case is dividing the French people. In 1908 he is appointed as the international affairs columnist for the royalist Action française. His knowledge of Germany allows him to become one of the best experts in the German-French relationship. In his works, Bainville advocates a policy rid of the democratic idealism of the 19th century. Discarding every system of thought, he means to be realistic and empirical with respect to developing ideologies. However widely read, Bainville will not be listened to by the ruling class. This lack of recognition makes him bitter and pessimistic as for the future of the European peace. His election at the Académie Française is a final recognition of his career as a writer but not as a politician
Khoudour-Castéras, David. "Migrations internationales, régimes de change et politiques sociales : un nouveau trilemme de politique économique ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/f4rshpf3v1umfa09lat1n0o44.
Full textThe thesis is based on two main ideas : first, labor mobility constitutes a central adjutment mechanism in exchange rate regimes ; second the development of social policies contributes to slowing down the emigration process. The argument rests at the same time on a theoretical reflection, based in particular on the optimum currency area theory, and on historical analysis, focused on two periods of contemporary history : the gold standard period and the interwar period. Thus, Chapter 1 aims at showing the key role of international migration in the adjustement process of the gold standard. Then, Chapter 2 analyses the impact of Bismarck's social legislation on German emigration. Finally, Chapter 3 provides an alternative explanation to the fall of the gold exchange standard. In total, the purpose of the thesis is to show the existence of an economic policy trilemma between international migration, exchange rate regimes and social policies
Aballéa, Marion. "Un exercice de diplomatie chez l'ennemi : l'ambassade de France à Berlin, 1871-1933." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG029.
Full textBetween 1871 and 1933, the French embassy in Berlin was, seen from France, an embassy sent to the main enemy, and, seen from Germany, the nest of the main enemy in Berlin. Mistrust was the ground principle of the relationship between Paris and Berlin, forcing those representing France in imperial and Weimar Germany to face the obstacles, contradictions and frustrations resulting from a diplomatic mission in an unwelcoming city, and whose goals were not clearly stated. How, in these circumstances, can diplomacy be practiced on a daily basis? Our work aims at answering the question, wandering through the kitchens, the offices as well as the ballroom of the embassy, trying to figure out what the daily life of the French microcosm on the Pariser Platz looked like. Emphasizing how the embassy was, at the same time, confronting French-German rivalry, working around and trying to overcome it, the study sheds light on the meaning, the purpose, the possibilities and the limits of residence diplomacy on hostile ground
Siegel, Michel. "Les banques en Alsace : 1870-1914." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR20036.
Full textAlsatian banks history during the reichsland
Stumpp, Sebastien. "Le ski associatif en Alsace au temps du Reichsland (1896-1914) : tensions nationales, oppositions sociales, jeux institutionnels." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR20058.
Full textOur work consists in analyzing the process of emergence and spreading of ski clubs in Alsace between 1896 and 1914, This region was annexed to the German Reich in 1871 and became a settling place for immigrants from all the provinces of the empire. The relationship established with the local populations remains, throughout the annexation period (1871-1918), deeply determined by the state of the political and social tensions. The study of the process of sportization of skiing is from that point of view, an interesting entry to understand the complex links established between the locals and the immigrants and, finally, the local configuration (Elias). The first part (1896-1908) describes the conditions of appropriation of the skiing practice and the creation of the Fédération de ski d'Alsace-Lorraine. The second part (1908-1914) describes the consequences of federal development, between the imposition of a competitive reference and national tensions
Lorrain, Sophie. "Des pacifistes français et allemands, pionniers de l'entente franco-allemande 1871-1925 /." Paris ; Montréal (Québec) : l'Harmattan, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370854129.
Full textPechin, Samuel. "Le crépuscule de l'Éros adolescent dans l'Allemagne wilhelminienne : origines, enjeux et fonctions." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30002/document.
Full textThe following thesis arose from an analysis of the actual role which the iconography of the adolescent Eros, i.e. the eroticized juvenile, plays in the western culture. More precisely, it is about the issue and the functions of its image as a symbol of love, beauty and desire in the framework of pederasty in Europe and more precisely in Wilhelminian Germany in the context of intensified sexual oppression at the turn of the 20th century. For the ancient Greeks, it was the young male body with its particular charms which represented the most beautiful gender and which was a fine object of pleasure. It is totally wrong, however, to believe that the value of this beauty was increased because of its descent from the female body. The beauty of its features was connected with certain charms and characteristics which are particular of the male body and spirit that are on their way to develop : A liveliness of the spirit, strength, power of resistance, endurance, toughness, verve, impetuosity and enthusiasm were part of this beauty which the boys had to intensify through regular mental and physical exercises. The boys’ pederastic education, a guarantee of male values, made sure that their grace and sophistication would not disappear into softness and effeminateness. Female ambiguity, the androgyny which will be seen later as a characteristic of juvenile male beauty or – even more – as a reason for male beauty, was at this stage rather something that the boys had to avoid or had to be sheltered from. Thus, the status of the young male has given him – since ancient Greece – a predominant role in western culture, which partly explains the omnipresence of his representation in European art and literature until the 19th century. However, the iconography and the propaganda about his image are transformed gradually and fatally till the beginning of the First World War. It is especially the association with eroticism and beauty which becomes gradually a taboo, something disgraceful or even perverted. Either instrumentalized or aestheticized – according to the interests of the different opposing groups – the control of this iconography and sexuality of the juvenile becomes in this way a great matter of dispute of power at the end of the 19th century and at the turn of the 20th century. This phenomenon is a European one but the Wilhelminian Reich – under construction and on a quest for identity – represents an ideal example for analyzing this phenomenon which on the one hand I put into the context of sexual oppression and on the other hand into the context of youth movements and contestation developing in parallel ways over this period of time. In my research – based on both observations and precise facts – I dare to try to understand a taboo phenomenon and I invite the reader to reflect upon the destiny of male beauty and male love in our society. The readers are invited to question some of their convictions and I hope I succeeded in giving back to juvenile Eros – too often censured and neglected, at least partially – the place he deserves in European history, insisting both upon the role he had in art and literature as well as on the issues and functions which he represented so often in political and social conflicts
Knörzer, Heidi. "« Champion[s] de la même cause » ? : la pensée politique des rédacteurs de l’Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums et des Archives israélites entre Allemagne et France (1848-1914)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030066/document.
Full textThe articles published by Ludwig Philippson, Gustav Karpeles, Isidore Cahen and Hippolyte Prague inthe Allgemeine Zeitung des Judenthums and the Archives Israélites between 1848 and 1914 show a constant concern for politics. Their writings deal with such topics as equal rights for – and discrimination against – Jews, the relationship between politics and religion, the new political movements of the 19th century like nationalism, socialism or zionism. The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to study the political discourse that manifests itself in the articles these journalists published in these journals. The political thought of Jewish minorities in 19thcentury Germany and France has been at the center of many scholarly works. Some of them adopt a national perspective, others – like the present study – chose a comparative framework approach, focusing essentially on the differences between the two Jewish communities’ points of view. These works are based on the assumption that Germany and France show basic structural differences, particularly with regards to the conception of nation, the role of religion and subsequently the emancipation model adopted for Jews, inferring that the same is true for the Jewish communities, their way of thinking, feeling and acting. While not denying the influence of thenational context on the way the journalists see the world, this dissertation rests on the conviction that it should not prevent us from seeing how their political discourses share a common logic. Its claim is that the political discourses of German and French Jews, far from being disconnected or opposed, did meet and influence one another to form a largely transnational discourse. The mere existence of these journals created contacts between the journalists that could, among other factors, explain the parallels and similarities in their political approaches
Bernier-Monod, Agathe. "Les anciens de Weimar à Bonn. Itinéraires de 34 doyens et doyennes de la seconde démocratie parlementaire allemande." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040130.
Full textThis PhD thesis studies the continuity between the Weimar Reichstag and the Bundestag in Bonn from the perspective of 34 representatives who were elected in both chambers. Constructing the socio-political portrait of this group reveals an essential diversity while at the same time leading to the identification of the socio-moral backgrounds that structured political life in imperial Germany. These men and women experienced their time in the Reichstag differently, depending on their party, gender, constituency, the period in question, and the place they occupied in parliament.The neutralisation of the Reichstag and the fall of the Republic marked a turning point in their lives. The question of why the Weimar Republic had failed would follow them for the rest of their lives. The members of this group reacted differently to the Nazi dictatorship. If their situations varied considerably between 1933 and 1945, the period was generally marked by the experience of loss. The former members of the Reichstag were the main targets of Nazi persecutions aimed at opponents of the regime. Living through oppression turned them into considerate democrats and encouraged their return to politics. Most took part in the institutional reconstruction of West Germany between 1945 and 1949. Their reunion with the parliament from 1949 onward was difficult, since they perceived the Bundestag through the prism of their past experience in the Reichstag. In the Bundestag, they built on their knowledge of parliamentary work, thereby contributing to stabilising the new state. Some of them perpetuated a political culture that had been shaped before 1933 and which can be described as “the Weimar spirit”
Laska, Andreas. "Presse et propagande allemandes en France occupée : des "Moniteurs officiels" (1870-1871) à la "Gazette des Ardennes" (1914-1918) et à la "Pariser Zeitung" (1940-1944)." München : H. Utz, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392251701.
Full textLaska, Andreas. "Presse et propagande allemande en France occupée : des Moniteurs officiels (1870-1871) à la Gazette des Ardennes (1914-1918) et à la Pariser Zeitung (1940-1944." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020130.
Full textMetzler, Lionel. "La politique de germanisation en Lorraine annexée (1870-1914) : cultures et enjeux identitaires." Thesis, Metz, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007METZ021L/document.
Full textIn 1870, the present department of Moselle was annexed to the newly-created German state and became one of presidencies of the Reichsland of Alsace-Lorraine. This transfer of territory triggered the implementation of a policy of acculturation which aimed at germanising the population and, in this way, was meant to ease the integration of the people of Lorraine to the Reich and to make them subscribe to the national German project, promoting a regional identity in passing. However, from 1870, beyond this declared will, the objectives to reach were much debated, as were the controversial analyses of the state of mind of the locals. Now, the means that the administration would implement to ensure the success of its policy of acculturation depended on these very objectives and analyses. «The» germanisation was therefore not a consensual construction whose objectives and means would have been decided in the early period of annexion. This policy and its changes will be principally dealt with through the evolutions of the associative field. This form of sociability, which was then booming, represents a privileged analytical observatory of the time's cultural policies, practices and representations. It takes place in a particular area, the result of the people's aspirations for some cultural practices but also of rules which are the pointer of the identity-designed cultural policy of a national state. Besides, it more generally testifies to the intricate relationship between the state and public opinion, in a time when society was getting more democratic and was entering the age of mass culture
Hamman, Philippe. "Les transformations de la notabilité : l'industrie fai͏̈encière à Sarreguemines de 1836 à nos jours." Strasbourg 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR30004.
Full textIn the second part of the nineteenth century big paternalistic industries emerge, whose management departs from the mere liberal conception of work relations. The earthenware factory of Sarreguemines illustrates this evolution. The employer's ideals of peaceful social relationships are permanently confronted with the development of elections, citizenship, trade unions, political parties, etc. It appears that these owners of a firm go into politics in a very specific way : their political activity not only concerns elections but locally all the aspects of social life. After the German annexation of 1871, it becomes more and more difficult for them to maintain their industrial and public positions. Finally, their domination progessively declines during the twentieth century. Nevertheless, this paternalistic model only disappears in 1978 : it shows the force of social practices built by the leaders of the factory
Tison, Stéphane. "Guerre, mémoire et traumatisme : comment Champenois et Sarthois sont-ils sortis de la guerre ? 1870-1940." Paris 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA030006.
Full textGuetting out of the war the persistence of war memory, in peacetime, were two subjects studied through the numerous commemoration and also the speech about war ; thus making it possible to undersand the contemporary's representations and the link between mourning and remebering. Finally, analysing not only allows to channel the violence of the post-war years but also to contemplate the possibility conflict in peacetime. Commemorations play a major part when guetting out of the war, but they also contributed, from 1870 to 1940, to concey war reprsentations ; so much so that it was impossible for the citizen-soldier to forget one of his major duties, even if it meant sacrificing himself for the homeland. That's why the local populations did not really overcome this special relation with war, spread through a warlike culture before 1914. The new pacifist values emerging after 1918 are to challenge this culture. However, guetting out of the war proves difficult especially after the experience of the massive killing of the Great War. .
Schmitt, Olivier. "Les mutations de l’orgue en France entre 1840 et 1914." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040251.
Full textThe economic and social upheavals within the 19th century deeply modified the conditions in which the organ takes place. The organ and its production processes had to comply to the free trade system, and to the economic needs. The organ-builder became the main player within a complex network. Aristide Cavaillé-Coll illustrated this period with his bigger instruments, when art and industry went hand in hand in order to satisfy the costumer’s needs at competitive prices. Meanwhile, others builders developed their businesses in the provincies, for example Dalstein-Haerpfer in the Moselle, achieving a synthesis from several european styles. From a tonal point of view, the french organs of the 19th century went towards a secular, recital use. This trend was reinforced by the composition of music for organ and orchestra, be them transcriptions or new music, which were intended for newly built concert-halls and symphonic organs. Among this music, the most significant works were composed by Alexandre Guilmant and Camille Saint-Saëns
Bontet, Adeline. "L'idée républicaine dans la presse alsacienne durant le débat constitutionnel entre 1908 et 1911 : l'identé politique et culturelle alsacienne à la veille de la Première Guerre Mondiale : entre tradition républicaine française et cadre constitutionnel allemand." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010698.
Full textAlsace-Lorraine is a territory which had been occupied from 1871 to 1918 by the German Empire, a Reichsland, whom political actors had been trying to obtain autonomy. From 1908, the chancellor and the Statthalter changed and worked to enhance the status of Alsace-Lorraine. A debate about the content of a new constitution began and had been formalized since the 14th March 1910, for ending by the vote of the constitution on the 26th of May 1911. In this context, republic is a possible solution for some political actors, socialists, democrats, new democrats, and Francophile liberals. Through their press organs, they made their stand for the republican idea though the frequency of its appearances, the ideological frame and the place in the current political communication. The study of the features of the communication around the republican idea enables us to note that republic is for it supporters an essential component of cultural and political Alsatian identity. Coming from France, this republic belongs to the Alsatian identity which has been constructed since the 1890s for creating a strong Alsatian nation. This process implies the creation of an original identity and republic is a part of this process. It is testament to the hybrid feature of the Alsatian identity, French and German. In the running to war which creates a greater opposition between France and Germany Alsace-Lorraine is in the middle of them but is the testament to a process of taking distance from the two models of political and cultural identity they proclaimed
Blain, Julien. "Les trains sanitaires en France pendant les guerres de 1870, de 1914-1918 et la campagne de mai-juin 1940." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA072039.
Full textOlivier-Messonnier, Laurence. "Guerre et littérature de jeunesse française (1870-1919)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF20003.
Full textSéguin, André. "Les scientifiques d'origine juive dans la communauté scientifique de l'Allemagne impériale (1871-1918)." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16855.
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