Relevant bibliographies by topics / Allopatrie

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Allopatrie'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 26 October 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Allopatrie"

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Charles Baker, Myron. "Response of Male Indigo and Lazuli Buntings and Their Hybrids To Song Playback in Allopatric and Sympatric Populations." Behaviour 119, no. 3-4 (1991): 225–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853991x00454.

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AbstractThe hybridizing semispecies indigo and lazuli buntings (Passerina cyanea, P. amoena) were studied in song playback experiments in allopatric and sympatric populations. In allopatry, males of both species responded strongly to conspecific and weakly to heterospecific songs. In sympatry, indigo, lazuli and hybrid males reacted equally and strongly to both indigo and lazuli songs. Alteration of song structures, by presenting indigo syllables in lazuli temporal pattern and lazuli syllables in indigo temporal pattern, showed that the response of allopatric indigo and lazuli males was determined primarily by syllabic (phonological) cues in the test songs and not by the temporal pattern. The overall pattern of male response in sympatry and allopatry provides some understanding of the observed degree of reproductive isolation between these species.
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Naretto, Sergio, Cecilia S. Blengini, Gabriela Cardozo, and Margarita Chiaraviglio. "Pre- and Postcopulatory Traits ofSalvatorMale Lizards in Allopatry and Sympatry." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8176267.

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The reproductive traits of males are under influence of sexual pressures before and after copulation. The strength of sexual selection varies across populations because they undergo varying competition for mating opportunities. Besides intraspecific pressures, individuals seem to be subjected to pressures driven by interspecific interactions in sympatry. Lizards may vary their reproductive strategies through varying sexual characters, body size, gonadal investment, and sperm traits. We evaluated the reproductive traits, involved in pre- and postcopulatory competition, in allopatric and sympatric populations ofSalvatorlizards. We observed a spatial gradient of male competition among populations, with the following order: allopatric zone ofS. rufescens; sympatric zone; and allopatric zone ofS. merianae. Accordingly, variation in secondary sexual character, the relative testis mass, and the length of sperm component was observed between allopatry and sympatry in each species, suggesting differences in the investment of reproductive traits. However, we found that these twoSalvatorspecies did not differ in secondary sexual characters in sympatry. Interestingly, the trade-off between testes and muscle varied differently from allopatry to sympatry between theseSalvatorspecies, suggesting that the influence of social context on reproductive traits investment would affect lizard species differently.
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Johannesson, Kerstin, Marina Panova, Petri Kemppainen, Carl André, Emilio Rolán-Alvarez, and Roger K. Butlin. "Repeated evolution of reproductive isolation in a marine snail: unveiling mechanisms of speciation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1547 (June 12, 2010): 1735–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0256.

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Distinct ecotypes of the snail Littorina saxatilis , each linked to a specific shore microhabitat, form a mosaic-like pattern with narrow hybrid zones in between, over which gene flow is 10–30% of within-ecotype gene flow. Multi-locus comparisons cluster populations by geographic affinity independent of ecotype, while loci under selection group populations by ecotype. The repeated occurrence of partially reproductively isolated ecotypes and the conflicting patterns in neutral and selected genes can either be explained by separation in allopatry followed by secondary overlap and extensive introgression that homogenizes neutral differences evolved under allopatry, or by repeated evolution in parapatry, or in sympatry, with the same ecotypes appearing in each local site. Data from Spain, the UK and Sweden give stronger support for a non-allopatric model of ecotype formation than for an allopatric model. Several different non-allopatric mechanisms can, however, explain the repeated evolution of the ecotypes: (i) parallel evolution by new mutations in different populations; (ii) evolution from standing genetic variation; and (iii) evolution in concert with rapid spread of new positive mutations among populations inhabiting similar environments. These models make different predictions that can be tested using comprehensive phylogenetic information combined with candidate loci sequencing.
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Surget-Groba, Yann, Helena Johansson, and Roger S. Thorpe. "Synergy between Allopatry and Ecology in Population Differentiation and Speciation." International Journal of Ecology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/273413.

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The general diversity pattern of the Caribbean anole radiation has been described in detail; however, the actual mechanisms at the origin of their diversification remain controversial. In particular, the role of ecological speciation, and the relative importance of divergence in allopatry and in parapatry, is debated. We describe the genetic structure of anole populations across lineage contact zones and ecotones to investigate the effect of allopatric divergence, natural selection, and the combination of both factors on population differentiation. Allopatric divergence had no significant impact on differentiation across the lineage boundary, while a clear bimodality in genetic and morphological characters was observed across an ecotone within a single lineage. Critically, the strongest differentiation was observed when allopatry and ecology act together, leading to a sharp reduction in gene flow between two lineages inhabiting different habitats. We suggest that, for Caribbean anoles to reach full speciation, a synergistic combination of several historical and ecological factors may be requisite.
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Pitteloud, Camille, Nils Arrigo, Tomasz Suchan, Alicia Mastretta-Yanes, Roger Vila, Vlad Dincă, Juan Hernández-Roldán, et al. "Climatic niche evolution is faster in sympatric than allopatric lineages of the butterfly genus Pyrgus." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1852 (April 12, 2017): 20170208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0208.

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Understanding how speciation relates to ecological divergence has long fascinated biologists. It is assumed that ecological divergence is essential to sympatric speciation, as a mechanism to avoid competition and eventually lead to reproductive isolation, while divergence in allopatry is not necessarily associated with niche differentiation. The impact of the spatial context of divergence on the evolutionary rates of abiotic dimensions of the ecological niche has rarely been explored for an entire clade. Here, we compare the magnitude of climatic niche shifts between sympatric versus allopatric divergence of lineages in butterflies. By combining next-generation sequencing, parametric biogeography and ecological niche analyses applied to a genus-wide phylogeny of Palaearctic Pyrgus butterflies, we compare evolutionary rates along eight climatic dimensions across sister lineages that diverged in large-scale sympatry versus allopatry. In order to examine the possible effects of the spatial scale at which sympatry is defined, we considered three sets of biogeographic assignments, ranging from narrow to broad definition. Our findings suggest higher rates of niche evolution along all climatic dimensions for sister lineages that diverge in sympatry, when using a narrow delineation of biogeographic areas. This result contrasts with significantly lower rates of climatic niche evolution found in cases of allopatric speciation, despite the biogeographic regions defined here being characterized by significantly different climates. Higher rates in allopatry are retrieved when biogeographic areas are too widely defined—in such a case allopatric events may be recorded as sympatric. Our results reveal the macro-evolutionary significance of abiotic niche differentiation involved in speciation processes within biogeographic regions, and illustrate the importance of the spatial scale chosen to define areas when applying parametric biogeographic analyses.
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Pfennig, Karin S., and Alyssa B. Stewart. "Asymmetric reproductive character displacement in male aggregation behaviour." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1716 (December 22, 2010): 2348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2196.

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Reproductive character displacement—the evolution of traits that minimize reproductive interactions between species—can promote striking divergence in male signals or female mate preferences between populations that do and do not occur with heterospecifics. However, reproductive character displacement can affect other aspects of mating behaviour. Indeed, avoidance of heterospecific interactions might contribute to spatial (or temporal) aggregation of conspecifics. We examined this possibility in two species of hybridizing spadefoot toad (genus Spea ). We found that in Spea bombifrons sympatric males were more likely than allopatric males to associate with calling males. Moreover, contrary to allopatric males, sympatric S. bombifrons males preferentially associated with conspecific male calls. By contrast, Spea multiplicata showed no differences between sympatry and allopatry in likelihood to associate with calling males. Further, sympatric and allopatric males did not differ in preference for conspecifics. However, allopatric S. multiplicata were more variable than sympatric males in their responses. Thus, in S. multiplicata , character displacement may have refined pre-existing aggregation behaviour. Our results suggest that heterospecific interactions can foster aggregative behaviour that might ultimately contribute to clustering of conspecifics. Such clustering can generate spatial or temporal segregation of reproductive activities among species and ultimately promote reproductive isolation.
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Bourassa, M., L. Bernier, and R. C. Hamelin. "Genetic Diversity in Poplar Leaf Rust (Melampsora medusae f. sp. deltoidae) in the Zones of Host Sympatry and Allopatry." Phytopathology® 97, no. 5 (May 2007): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-97-5-0603.

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Poplar leaf rust caused by Melampsora medusae f. sp. deltoidae is a widespread disease in North America, where epidemics occur within zones of sympatry and allopatry of telial hosts (Populus spp.) and aecial hosts (Larix spp.). To test the hypothesis that epidemics originate in the zone of sympatry where the rust can complete its life cycle, populations in sympatry and allopatry were analyzed with single-strand conformational polymorphism for codominant detection of alleles directly from uredinia. More alleles were detected in rust populations in the zone of host sympatry than in allopatry. Almost all alleles found in the zone of allopatry were a subset of the allelic diversity present in the zone of host sympatry. Distance analyses clustered populations according to geographic origin, but not sampling year or type of stand (plantation or natural stands). Large differences in allelic and genotypic frequency were observed between years in allopatry but not in sympatry, suggesting new colonizations in allopatric populations. Our results point to a dynamic and complex pattern of inoculum dissemination in polar leaf rust. The hypothesis most consistent with our results is that populations in sympatry represent a source of inoculum for epidemics, with some annual recolonization in allopatry, possibly via intermediate population jumps.
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Näslund, Ingemar, Erik Degerman, and Fredrik Nordwall. "Brown trout (Salmo trutta) habitat use and life history in Swedish streams: possible effects of biotic interactions." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1034–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f97-313.

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To test if habitat use and life history of stream-dwelling brown trout (Salmo trutta) differed between allopatric and sympatric situations, we compared three streams with differing fish communities and used data from a large national database containing electrofishing results from Swedish streams. In the three-creek study, allopatric brown trout used all habitats and shifted from nursery areas in riffles to pool habitats, where adult growth and survival were higher. Mainly females shifted habitat and this was undertaken after age 1. Sympatric brown trout under intense pressure from other fish species remained in the riffles throughout their life cycle. Under moderate pressure from other species, larger brown trout used slow-flowing habitats. Early growth was more rapid in sympatry. Sympatric brown trout also had a lower adult to juvenile growth ratio and lower adult survival and matured earlier than allopatric brown trout. The data from the nationwide database showed that frequency of occurrence and abundance of brown trout were negatively associated with the number of coexisting fish species. It was also verified that the habitat shifts between riffles and pools were more common and possibly more beneficial in terms of growth and survival in allopatry. In addition the existence of differences in juvenile growth between allopatric and sympatric populations was verified.
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Henderson, M. A., and T. G. Northcote. "Retinal Structure of Sympatric and Allopatric Populations of Cutthroat Trout (Salmo clarki clarki) and Dolly Varden Char (Salvelinus malma) in Relation to their Spatial Distribution." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 7 (July 1, 1988): 1321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-155.

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Retinal structures of cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki clarki) and Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma) were compared to determine if these features were consistent with the different light regimes in which the species live, depending on their sympatry or allopatry in lakes. Cone cell density in sympatric trout was over twice that of sympatric char and rod cell density was slightly less. The cross-sectional size of cone cells in sympatric trout was approximately 30% less than in sympatric char. The ratios of photoreceptor cells to ganglion cells in sympatric trout and char retinas were approximately 40:1 and 80:1, respectively. There were no differences between sympatric and allopatric trout with respect to these structural features. Estimates of cone cell density, cone size, and number of photoreceptor cells per ganglion cell for allopatric char were significantly different and intermediate between those for sympatric trout and char. All four populations had similar cone cell mosaics with four paired cones surrounding each single cone. Results are considered in relation to differences in vertical distribution and feeding of sympatric and allopatric populations in three study lakes.
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Pfennig, Karin S., and Michael J. Ryan. "Reproductive character displacement generates reproductive isolation among conspecific populations: an artificial neural network study." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1592 (February 16, 2006): 1361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3446.

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When interactions with heterospecifics prevent females from identifying conspecific mates, natural selection can promote the evolution of mating behaviours that minimize such interactions. Consequently, mating behaviours may diverge among conspecific populations in sympatry and in allopatry with heterospecifics. This divergence in conspecific mating behaviours—reproductive character displacement—can initiate speciation if mating behaviours become so divergent as to generate reproductive isolation between sympatric and allopatric conspecifics. We tested these ideas by using artificial neural networks to simulate the evolution of conspecific mate recognition in populations sympatric and allopatric with different heterospecifics. We found that advertisement calls diverged among the different conspecific populations. Consequently, networks strongly preferred calls from their own population to those from foreign conspecific populations. Thus, reproductive character displacement may promote reproductive isolation and, ultimately, speciation among conspecific populations.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Allopatrie"

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Lorion, Julien. "Diversité et évolution des Mytilidae (Mollusca : Bivalvia) associés aux substrats organiques coulés." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066475.

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Les moules Bathymodiolinae sont associées aux sources hydrothermales et aux suintements froids, mais incluent aussi des espèces associées à des substrats organiques coulés, pour lesquelles peu de données sont disponibles. Une réévaluation de la diversité de ce groupe sert ici de support à l’analyse des processus de spéciation et d’adaptation chez ces organismes. Dans un premier temps, l’analyse de spécimens collectés grâce aux dispositifs expérimentaux montre que plusieurs espèces des genres Idas et Adipicola sont capables de coloniser des substrats variés. Cette absence de spécialisation écologique est mise en relation avec les capacités adaptatives conférées par des symbiontes thiotrophes. Dans un second temps, 28 ESUs sont définies et représentent vraisemblablement des espèces nouvelles. Un patron récurrent de spéciation allopatrique est mis en évidence et explique la diversité des espèces dans notre jeu de données. Enfin, la structure génétique est analysée à un niveau populationnel afin de mieux comprendre les patrons géographiques observés.
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Martin, Hélène. "Processus de spéciation et impact des systèmes de reproduction dans le genre Silene : spéciation rapide chez l’espèce gynodioïque Silene nutans et labilité des chromosomes sexuels dans la section Otites." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10191/document.

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Le processus de spéciation reflète l’origine et la mise en place de barrières à la reproduction. Cela revient donc à répondre aux questions suivantes: comment les barrières à la reproduction se mettent en place, est-ce qu’elles permettent le maintien de l’intégrité génétique des populations et quelle est l’architecture génétique de l’isolement reproducteur (IR)? L’objectif de ma thèse est d’apporter des premières réponses à ces questions dans le genre Silene tout en prenant en compte l’impact potentiel des systèmes de reproduction sur le processus de spéciation. Une première partie de ma thèse se concentre sur l’espèce gynodioïque S. nutans chez qui j’ai identifié deux lignées génétiques qui se sont différenciées en allopatrie, lors des glaciations. Actuellement, en contact secondaire, leur IR est quasi-complet. Toutefois, l’hétérogénéité de la sélection le long du génome ayant façonné le patron de différenciation génétique empêche l’étude de l’architecture génétique de l’IR par un scan génomique. Dans une seconde partie, je me suis intéressée à l’effet de la dioécie sur la divergence des populations et les capacités d’adaptation des espèces. La découverte de différents systèmes de détermination du sexe entre deux espèces proches permet de proposer une architecture génétique de l’IR associée à la labilité des chromosomes sexuels. Mes travaux de thèse apportent des premières pistes pour mieux comprendre comment l’IR peut se mettre en place entre deux taxons. La prise en compte du système de reproduction des organismes et les conflits génétiques qui y sont associés (chromosomes sexuels, conflit nucléo-cytoplasmique) peuvent s’avérer importants dans l’étude de la spéciation
Speciation reflects the origins and further development of reproductive barriers. The study of speciation thus requires answering three main questions: which processes lead to reproductive barriers; how effective these barriers are to maintain the genetic integrity of populations; and what are their genetic basis. The goal of my thesis is to attempt to answer these questions in the context of the Silene genus, and to evaluate the potential impact of breeding systems in the speciation process. In the first part, I focused on S. nutans, a gynodioecious species which exhibits two genetic lineages that differentiate in allopatry. Nowadays in secondary contact, the reproductive isolation between these lineages is almost complete. The heterogeneity of selection along the genome has shaped the heterogeneity of genetic differentiation. Therefore, I was not able to propose candidate regions of the genetic basis of the reproductive barriers. In a second part, I focused on the impact of dioecy on population divergence and species adaptation. The discovery of distinct sex determination in close species allowed me to propose to associate the genetic basis of the reproductive isolation to sex chromosome lability. My work furthers the understanding how reproductive barriers developed between two taxas and shows that taking into account the breeding system of taxa and associate genetic conflicts (sex chromosome, cyto-nuclear conflicts) can be important in the study of speciation
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Mathew, Mano Joseph. "Insight into intracellular bacterial genome repertoire using comparative genomics." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5090/document.

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La première partie de ma thèse est une revue donnant un aperçu du répertoire génomique des bactéries intracellulaires et de leurs symbiotes. L'objectif de cette étude est d'explorer le processus permettant aux bactéries intracellulaires d'acquérir leur mode de vie spécifique. Nous avons commencé par examiner les données à propos de l'existence ancienne de bactéries intracellulaires, leur adaptation à leur hôte et les différences entre sympatrie et allopatrie. Une comparaison du contenu génomique de plusieurs bactéries avec différents modes de vie a révélé la capacité des bactéries à échanger des gènes à des degrés différents, en fonction de l'écosystème. La deuxième partie de ma thèse porte sur la séquence du génome de la souche Diplorickettsia massiliensis 20B qui est une bactérie intracellulaire obligatoire à Gram négatif isolée à partir des tiques de Slovaquie Ixodes ricinus. Dans ma troisième et dernière partie, nous exploré le répertoire du génome de Diplorickettsia massiliensis en le comparant aux génomes de bactéries phylogénétiquement très proches de Diplorickettsia massiliensis, issues de différentes niches. Ceci a permis de révélé son mode de vie allopatrique. Dans cette étude, nous avons comparé les caractéristiques du génome de Diplorickettsia massiliensis avec vingt-neuf espèces séquencées de Gammaproteobacteria (Legionella, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis et Rickettsiella grylli) en utilisant l'approche pangénomique multi-genre. Ce travail de thèse fournit des données originales et permet d’apporter plus de lumière sur la diversité des bactéries intracellulaires
The initial purpose of my thesis is to understand with the help of comparative genomics, genomic variations based on coexistence, by examining data on the ancient existence of intracellular bacteria, their host adaptation and the differences between sympatry and allopatry. The first part of my thesis is a review giving insight into intracellular bacterial genome repertoire and symbionts. The goal of this review is to explore how intracellular microbes acquire their specific lifestyle. Due to their different evolutionary trajectories, these bacteria have different genomic compositions. We reviewed data on the ancient existence of intracellular bacteria, their host adaptation and the differences between sympatry and allopatry. A comparison of the genomic contents of bacteria with certain lifestyles revealed the bacterial capacity to exchange genes to different extents, depending on the ecosystem. The second part of my thesis present about the genome sequence of Diplorickettsia massiliensis strain 20B which is an obligate intracellular, gram negative bacterium isolated from Ixodes ricinus ticks collected from Slovak. In the third part, we investigated the genome repertoire of Diplorickettsia massiliensis compared to closely related bacteria according to its niche, revealing its allopatric lifestyle. In this study, we compared the genomic features of Diplorickettsia massiliensis with twenty-nine sequenced Gammaproteobacteria species (Legionella strains, Coxiella burnetii strains, Francisella tularensis strains and Rickettsiella grylli) using multi-genus pangenomic approach. This thesis work provides original data and sheds light on intracellular bacterial diversity
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Plouviez, Sophie. "Phylogéographie comparée des espèces hydrothermales de la dorsale du Pacifique oriental." Paris 6, 2009. http://hal.upmc.fr/tel-01110563v1.

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L’histoire démographique des espèces hydrothermales profondes et leurs échanges génétiques le long de la dorsale du Pacifique oriental ont été analysés en combinant des approches classiques d’analyses de fréquences alléliques entre populations avec des méthodes d’analyse plus récentes basées sur la théorie de la coalescence. Une approche de phylogéographie comparée sur sept espèces (un bivalve, trois gastéropodes, trois polychètes), réalisée sur le gène mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxydase I, a permis de révéler une barrière aux flux de gènes, commune à toutes les espèces entre le Nord et le Sud EPR datant d’environ 1,3 Ma et probablement liée à la formation de failles transformantes entre 0°-7°25’N. Cette séparation de faune s’est accompagnée d’une expansion démographique généralisée plus récente (< 0,5 Ma) au Sud. Une approche multi-locus a ensuite été effectuée sur trois taxons cibles aux traits d’histoire de vie contrastés : le polychète A. Pompejana, le bivalve B. Thermophilus et le gastéropode L. Elevatus (comprenant deux espèces cryptiques). Cette approche a permis de confirmer les résultats obtenus par l’approche multi-spécifique. L’hybridation entre lignées divergentes, détectée chez ces trois taxons, suggère une semi-perméabilité de la barrière aux flux de gènes. L’étendue de la zone de contact secondaire dépend du taxon considéré selon ses traits d’histoire de vie, et des forces de sélection agissant au locus considéré. Les patrons de distributions phylogéographique et biogéographique mis en évidence sur les espèces et les communautés s’accordent pour séparer la dorsale du Pacifique oriental en deux provinces biogéographiques différentes de part et d’autre de l’Equateur
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Thomas-Bulle, Camille. "Influence du mode de spéciation sur l'architecture des génomes et la diversité des éléments transposables chez les bivalves et les annélides hydrothermaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS688.

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La spéciation est un processus évolutif conduisant à la formation de nouvelles espèces par l’établissement de barrières à la reproduction entre populations. Par l’étude et la cartographie des gènes impliqués dans la spéciation, nous avons caractérisé si l’architecture des divergences synonyme et non-synonyme des gènes reflétait le mode de spéciation pour 2 complexes d’espèces hydrothermales. Pour les annélides du genre Alvinella (allopatrie), la barrière Équatoriale de la dorsale Est-Pacifique limitant le flux génique entre populations a joué un rôle sur l’émergence de barrières à la reproduction renforcées par de l’adaptation locale aux communautés microbiennes. 3 espèces de moules atlantiques du genre Bathymodiolus vivent dans des habitats différant par la profondeur, la composition chimique du fluide et les communautés microbiennes (parapatrie). Les pressions de sélection liées à l’adaptation locale semblent à l’origine des verrous génomiques contrant le flux génique. L’isolement est favorisé par l’éloignement spatial des populations remises en contact localement aboutissant à de l’introgression adaptative. Les éléments transposables impactent aussi l’architecture génomique. Nous avons étudié les rétrotransposons à LTR chez les annélides et mollusques. Les différentes superfamilles suivent des stratégies évolutives distinctes : éléments Gypsy grand nombre de copies diversifiées (théorie de la Reine Rouge), Copia rares et dominés par 3 clades(Domino Day spreading model), BEL/Pao intermédiaires. Leur rôle pourrait être négligeable dans la spéciation chez Alvinella (peu d’ETs) il n’en est pas de même chez Bathymodiolus dont le génome serait composé à50% d’ETs
Speciation is an evolutionary process leading to the emergence of new species through the establishment ofreproductive barriers between populations. By studying and mapping the genes involved in speciation, weinvestigated if the architecture of synonym and non-synonym gene divergences could reflect the on-goingmode of speciation of two sets of hydrothermal species. For the polychaetes of the genus Alvinella (allopatry),the Equatorial barrier from the East Pacific Rise limiting gene flow between populations plays a role in the emergence of reproductive barriers reinforced by local adaptation related to the symbiotic interactions with the local microbial communities of the vents. 3 species of Atlantic deep-sea mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus live in environments of varying depths, fluid chemical composition and microbial communities. The selective pressures due to local adaptation were likely at the origin of the first genomic barriers countering gene flow.Isolation was also favored by spatial distance with local secondary contacts which in turn allowed adaptive introgressions. Transposable elements also impact the architecture of genomes. We studied LTR retrotransposons within the annelid and mollusc genomes. The 3 superfamilies follow distinct evolutionary dynamic strategies: Gypsy elements very diversified with numerous copies (Red Queen dynamics), Copia are rarer and dominated by 3 clades (Domino Days spreading model), BEL/Pao in intermediate position. If their role was probably negligible in the speciation in the Alvinella system (very few mobile elements) this is probably not true in the Bathymodiolus system as TEs make up for roughly 50% of their genomes
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Blackwelder, Reid B. "Allopathic Medicine." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://www.amzn.com/1560534400.

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Book Summary: This new reference ― part of The Secrets Series® provides balanced coverage of all current complementary and alternative therapies by leading experts in the field. Discusses each CAM modality and the disorders for which it has been proven beneficial; what to look for in a practitioner of each field; whether there is a "best" CAM approach; supporting evidence; and the effectiveness of CAM compated to allopathic approaches. Includes chapters on the various alternative therapies as well as chapters on medical disorders and the CAM treatments for those diseases Focuses on the evidence for the effectiveness of CAM therapies Kohatsu one of the leaders in the field (member of first group of fellows of Andrew Weil at University fo Arizona Department of Integrative Medicine Book uses an "integrative" approach---not just CAM therapies, but therapies used in conjunction with total program for treating patient's condition (including standard medical therapies, nutrition, etc). Concise answers that include the author's pearls, tips, memory aids, and "secrets".
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Bernard, Florence. "Les Grindélias : utilisation en allopathie et homéopathie." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2P041.

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Castrezana, Sergio Javier. "Patterns of Differentiation Among Allopatric Drosophila mettleri Populations." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1313%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Bidri, Mohamed. "Le pissenlit (Taraxacum officinalis) : utilisation en allopathie et en homéopathie." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2P035.

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Alard, Sophie-Emmanuelle. "Le fer (Ferrum metallicum) : intérêt thérapeutique en allopathie et homéopathie." Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2P032.

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Books on the topic "Allopatrie"

1

Āhamada, Sāīda. Homoeopathy and adverse reactions of allopathic drugs. 2nd ed. New Delhi: B. Jain, 1997.

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Crawford, Jane Diehl. The premedical planning guide: Allopathic (M.D.) medicine, osteopathic (D.O.) medicine, podiatric (D.P.M.) medicine. 2nd ed. Bethesda, Md: Betz Pub. Co., 1990.

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The premedical planning guide to allopathic (M.D.), osteopathic (D.O.), and podiatric (D.P.M.) medical schools. Bethesda, Md: Betz Pub. Co., 1985.

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Ghosal, B. C. Treatment of common diseases at homs using alternate systems of medicine: Allopathic, ayurvedic and homoeopathic. New Delhi: Gyan Sagar, 1999.

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Involvement of non-allopathic doctors of state dispensaries in family planning & MCH programme in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow: Population Centre, U.P., 1985.

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K, Nastasi Bonnie, and Population Council (India), eds. Addressing gupt rog: Narrative prevention counselling for STI/HIV prevention : a guide to AYUSH and allopathic practitioners. New Delhi: Population Council, 2007.

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K, Nastasi Bonnie, and Population Council (India), eds. Addressing gupt rog: Narrative prevention counselling for STI/HIV prevention : a guide to AYUSH and allopathic practitioners. New Delhi: Population Council, 2007.

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Indo-US Workshop on Traditional Medicine and Mental Health (1996 Bangalore, India). Ayurvedic and allopathic medicine and mental health: Proceedings of the Indo-US Workshop on Traditional Medicine and Mental Health, 13-17 October 1996. Edited by Ravindranath Vijayalakshmi, Swami Prakashananda Ayurveda Research Centre., and Zandu Foundation for Health Care. Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 2003.

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Gonyea, Meredith A. The Role of the doctor of chiropractic in the health care system in comparison with doctors of allopathic medicine and doctors of osteopathic medicine: Comments and constructions. Des Moines, IA: Foundation for Chiropactic Education and Research, 1993.

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United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. and United States. Health Resources and Services Administration. Bureau of Primary Health Care. Division of Scholarships and Loan Repayments., eds. National Health Service Corps Scholarship program for fiscal year 1995, academic year 1995-96: For students in training to be allopathic and osteopathic physicians, certified nurse-midwives, certified nurse practitioners and physician assistants. Bethesda, MD: Health Resources and Services Administration, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Allopatrie"

1

Hangay, George, Severiano F. Gayubo, Marjorie A. Hoy, Marta Goula, Allen Sanborn, Wendell L. Morrill, Gerd GÄde, et al. "Allopatric." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 134. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_158.

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Hangay, George, Severiano F. Gayubo, Marjorie A. Hoy, Marta Goula, Allen Sanborn, Wendell L. Morrill, Gerd GÄde, et al. "Allopatric Speciation." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 134. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_159.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Allopatric Speciation." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_114-2.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Allopatric Speciation." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_114.

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Citeli, Nathalie, Mariana de-Carvalho, Andressa M. Bezerra, and Julia Klaczko. "Allopatric Speciation." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_371-1.

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Citeli, Nathalie, Mariana de-Carvalho, Andressa M. Bezerra, and Julia Klaczko. "Allopatric Speciation." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 195–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_371.

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Rambaran, Varma H., and Nalini K. Singh. "Allopathic Medicines." In Alternative Medicines for Diabetes Management, 7–37. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003322429-2.

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Lieberman, Bruce S. "Allopatric Speciation and Vicariance." In Topics in Geobiology, 63–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4161-5_5.

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Jain, Dinesh Kumar. "Allopathic drugs suppress symptoms." In Homeopathy, 175–78. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003228622-44.

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Torres-Dowdall, Julián, and Axel Meyer. "Sympatric and Allopatric Diversification in the Adaptive Radiations of Midas Cichlids in Nicaraguan Lakes." In The Behavior, Ecology and Evolution of Cichlid Fishes, 175–216. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2080-7_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Allopatrie"

1

Parker, Gary B., and Thomas B. Edwards. "Using a Genetic Algorithm to Replicate Allopatric Speciation." In 2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2019.8790207.

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Popova, O. S. "Pharmacological effects of taxifolin (dihydroquercitin)." In SPbVetScience. FSBEI HE St. Petersburg SUVM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/3006-2023-8-68-71.

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Summary. Currently, native drugs are increasingly being used as an alternative to allopathic drugs. The article discusses the main regularities in the pharmacology of taxifolin, studied both at the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, St. Petersburg State University of Medicine, and on the basis of literary sources of international databases.
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Idorasi, Laura, Andreea Secosan, Meda-Lavinia Negrutiu, Cosmin Sinescu, Alexandru Ogodescu, Cristian Zaharia, Adrian Stan, and Adrian G. Podoleanu. "New ways of combating demineralization: link between classic and allopathic medicine." In Second Canterbury Conference on Optical Coherence Tomography, edited by Ole Bang and Adrian Podoleanu. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2281725.

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Dewanjee, Debasish, Analava Mitra, and Jyotirmoy Chatterjee. "Study of self medication of allopathic medicine among college students in West Bengal." In 2010 International Conference on Systems in Medicine and Biology (ICSMB). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmb.2010.5735422.

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Wang, Rui, Yikai Liu, Huowen Peng, Yajie Li, Yongli Zhao, and Jie Zhang. "Collaborative Allocation of Computing, Storage, and Transport Resources for Data Center Allopatric Services in Elastic Optical Networks." In 2021 19th International Conference on Optical Communications and Networks (ICOCN). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icocn53177.2021.9563668.

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Stranieri, Andrew, and Tony Sahama. "Data mining Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM): Lessons learnt from mining in law and allopathic medicine." In 2012 IEEE 14th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/healthcom.2012.6380063.

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Stranieri, Sahama, Butler-Henderson, and Perera. "A model for the introduction of Ayurvedic and Allopathic electronic health records in Sri Lanka." In 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/istas.2016.7764050.

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Padilla-Gonzalez, G., M. Diazgranados, and F. da Costa. "Metabolomic evidence for allopatric segregation in Espeletiinae (Asteraceae): a new perspective of an Andean adaptive radiation in sky islands." In GA 2017 – Book of Abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608044.

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Gusarov, I. V., O. E. Davydova, and I. I. Tsepilova. "GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITE FAUNA OF THE EUROPEAN BISON (BISON BONASUS) OF THE UST-KUBINSKY DISTRICT POPULATION IN THE VOLOGDA REGION." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.162-166.

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The Ust-Кubinsky District group of the European bison (Bison bonasus) is introduced, allopatric in relation to the main areas of the bison, and unique in its biological and ecological features, and has about 130 animals of different age and sex groups freely inhabiting and reproducing in a sharply continental climate. Helminthofaunistic studies of the population have almost never been carried out before. The study describes the results of helminthovoscopic studies conducted using the Kotelnikov flotation method and direct sedimentation method (sequential washing). A total of 35 samples were studied. It was found that the gastrointestinal parasite fauna in the studied group was depleted and represented by nematodes of the suborder Strongylata (with the prevalence of invasion of 40%), and protozoa of the genus Eimeria (with the prevalence of invasion of 37.1%). Mixed invasion of both taxonomic groups of endoparasites was observed in 17%. This can be explained by the peculiarity of the trophic and chorological relations of the parasite host, the European bison, in the studied territory. It should be noted that these studies are preliminary, and it is necessary to conduct them in different periods of the year, particularly, in the summer-autumn, with animal groups separated by age, if possible, since it is known that the parasite fauna of young and adult animals can differ significantly.
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Gudavalli, Maruti R., Jerrilyn A. Backman, Steven J. Kirstukas, Anant V. Kadiyala, Avinash G. Patwardhan, and Alexander J. Ghanayem. "Electromyographic Activity of Trunk Muscles During Flexion-Distraction Treatment of Low Back Patients." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0473.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the superficial muscles during the treatment of low back patients during a conservative procedure known as the Cox flexion-distraction procedure. A total of 33 low back pain patients were recruited for this study from chiropractic and allopathic orthopedic clinics. EMG signals were collected while the patient was in a prone relaxed position, during the treatment using the flexion-distraction procedure, and during maximum voluntary exertions in the three planes (flexion, extension, left and right lateral bending, and left and right twisting). The mean values of the Root Mean Square (RMS) values of EMG ratios during treatment versus resting indicate that the muscles are active during the treatment. This activity is more than the activity at rest. However the mean values of the RMS EMG ratios (during treatment versus maximum voluntary contraction) are small indicating that the muscle activity during treatment may not influence the treatment loads. The left and right muscles in all muscle groups were similarly active. During the treatment, erector spinae muscles were the most active, followed by the external oblique, and the rectus abdominus muscles. The results from this study provide quantitative data for the muscle activity during the flexion-distraction treatment. This information can be incorporated into computer models to estimate the loads generated during the flexion-distraction treatment due to the muscle activity compared to the loads generated by the chiropractic physician.
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Reports on the topic "Allopatrie"

1

Vutakuri, Neha. Curcumin - Breast Cancer Therapeutic Agent to Replace Allopathic Treatments with Extensive Side Effects. Journal of Young Investigators, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22186/jyi.35.2.38-44.

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Lim, Chu Hsien, Brian Kangas, and Jack Bergman. 2018/7/6/curcumin-breast-cancer-therapeutic-agent-to-replace-allopathic-treatments-with-extensive-side-effects. Journal of Young Investigators, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22186/jyi.35.2.45-49.

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Addressing Gupt Rog: Narrative prevention counselling for STI/HIV prevention—A guide to AYUSH and allopathic practitioners. Population Council, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv12.1051.

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