Journal articles: 'Alloy cast iron'

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Radzikowska, Janina M. "A New Look at Cast Iron Microstructure." Microscopy Today 11, no. 5 (October 2003): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500053244.

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Cast irons belong to a family of iron-carbon (Fe - C) alloys with free carbon in the form of graphite, a very soft constituent of iron microstructures, that improves machinability and damping properties of castings, or combined carbon, in the form of cementite, that improves wear resistance. Graphitic cast irons include grey iron, compacted iron, malleable iron, and ductile iron, Cementite irons include white cast iron and alloy cast irons. Solidification of graphite directly from molten metal takes place between 1145°C (2093 °F) and 1152 °C (2105 °F), according to the Fe-C equilibrium diagram. The above considerations regard only pure Fe - C alloys.

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Agarwrwal, Dhirendra, Neeraj Kumar, and A. K. Bansal. "Development of Low Cost Corrosion Resistant Fe-Cr-Mn-Mo White Cast Irons." Material Science Research India 14, no. 2 (December 25, 2017): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/140215.

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Cast irons are basically binary alloys of iron and carbon having carbon exceeding its maximum solid solubility in austenite but less than the carbon content of iron carbide. However, like steels, cast irons have varying quantities of silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulphur. Silicon plays an important role in controlling the properties of cast irons and for this reason, the term cast iron is usually applied to a series of iron, carbon and silicon alloys. Special purpose cast irons include white and alloy cast irons which are mainly used for applications demanding enhanced abrasion, corrosion or heat resistance. In present study, corrosion resistant cast irons are of our interest.

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Liu, T., Song Zhang, and Jiang Feng Li. "Analysis of Element Diffusion between Alloy Cast Iron and WC/Co Cemented Carbides." Materials Science Forum 874 (October 2016): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.874.339.

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An alloy cast iron has special properties by adding some alloying elements to the ordinary cast iron ASTMNo35A. Diffusion wear is one of the main cutting tool wear mechanisms in machining of the alloy cast irons. The diffusion of tungsten (W) and iron (Fe) between the alloy cast iron and the WC/Co cemented carbides was investigated in this paper by means of heating diffusion couple. It has be proved from the experiment that Fe in the alloy cast iron diffused a deeper distance in the WC/Co cemented carbides with the higher Co content; while the diffusion of W element in the WC/Co cemented carbides the alloy cast iron was not serious. The Vickers-hardness analysis of the alloy cast iron and K20 cemented carbide couple was determined. The elements diffusion impaired the hardness of the alloy cast iron and WC/Co cemented carbide cutting tool.

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Yen, Chien Lung, Fu Je Chen, and Yung Ning Pan. "Research on the Wear Resistance of High-Chromium White Cast Iron and Multi-Component White Cast Iron." Advanced Materials Research 859 (December 2013): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.859.64.

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The pin-on-disk wear test and solid particle erosion test were used to investigate the wear resistance property of both high chromium white cast iron and multi-component white cast iron with optimal alloy compositions and heat treatment conditions. Experimental results indicate that a linear relationship between the wear lose and the testing time exists for high chromium white cast irons. Apparent scratch grooves and sheared pits appeared on the specimen surface. Subsurface observations found pit depths of some 4.5~8.0 mm. Crack propagation routes were clearly visible along the martensitic grain boundaries for alloys in the as-quenched state. Tempering treatment increases the toughness of the alloy, resulting in an increase in the resistance to crack formation. On the other hand, the multi-component white cast irons exhibited a non-linear relationship between the wear lose and the testing time. Relatively shallow scratches were found on the specimen surface, and pit depths of about 4.0 mm were observed through subsurface observations. Tempering at 570°C caused a reduction in hardness of the alloy, and therefore, the fracture mode tends to be ductile. As a result, deformation only occurred in crater regions with no clear evidence of spreading.

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Osakue, Edward, Lucky Anetor, and Kendall Harris. "Pitting strength estimate for cast iron and copper alloy materials." FME Transactions 49, no. 2 (2021): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fme2102269o.

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An attempt is made to predict the pitting strength of cast iron and copper alloy materials from their compressive yield or compressive proof strength for a reliability of 99% at 107 load cycles. The compressive yield or compressive proof strength is related to the tensile strength of ductile cast iron and copper alloy materials by a proportionality factor. Two proportionality factors are used for brittle cast iron materials. The pitting strength formulation incorporates a nominal design factor at 99% reliability which is estimated from a probabilistic model based on the lognormal probability density function. Pitting strength estimates from the predictions are compared with those of American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) estimates and data from other sources. The predicted values for gray cast irons had variances in the range of -11.28% to 25%. Ductile cast iron pitting strength estimates deviated from those of AGMA by -30.28% to 1.73% and 16.76% to 36.34% for Austempered ductile irons. The variances obtained for cast bronze were from 11.17% and 14.73%, but the sample size was small. These variances appear to be reasonable due to the many factors that can influence pitting resistance. Since pitting strength data for many grades of cast iron and copper alloys are not available (especially in the public domain), they may be estimated by the expressions developed in this study for initial design sizing. Also, the pitting strength of new cast iron and copper alloy materials could likewise be estimated for initial design sizing. This will eliminate long and costly contact fatigue testing at the initial design phases, which of course is necessary for design validation.

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Cingi, Celal, Veijo Rauta, Eero Niini, and Juhani Orkas. "Cast Bonding of Cast Irons to Ferritic Stainless Steel." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2712–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2712.

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Composite metal products consisting of two different alloys can be prepared by a few methods. Cast bonding is one of these methods. The bond between the two materials forms primarily in the solid state by diffusion, after casting of a cladding alloy on to the preheated surface of a substrate. In this work, a ferritic stainless steel was used as the substrate, and, gray iron or nodular iron as the cast alloy. It was found that these two alloys can be successfully joined, and under specific casting parameters, a very strong bond develops between the two alloys. Bond strength was found to be greater than that of gray iron. Microstructural zones on both sides of the bond were studied. It was found that diffusion of chromium into iron and diffusion of carbon into steel is significant in bonding. Chemical composition changes due to diffusion was studied by EDS. Fe-Cr-Mn carbides were formed at the bond during the casting. These carbides were largely eliminated by a subsequent high temperature heat treatment.

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Shaha, S. K., Mohammad M. Haque, and Ahsan Ali Khan. "Study on the Microstructure and Properties of Fe-C-Si and Fe-C-Al Cast Irons." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 1933–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.1933.

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Two types of cast irons with Fe-C-Si and Fe-C-Al. alloy systems were investigated in the present study. In order to modify the microstructure and properties of cast iron, Al was added to low silicon pig iron that is in Fe-C-Al (Sorel metal) alloy system. Its effect was then studied with comparing to normal Fe-C-Si alloy system. Both cast irons were produced in sand mould of suitable design to provide all information regarding the structure and properties. The microstructure was analyzed using optical microscope which showed the distribution of graphite flakes in pearlite or ferro-pearlite matrix. The size of the graphite flakes in Fe-C-Al system was smaller and more evenly distributed compared to the Fe-C-Si alloy system. The cast product was also characterized by using XRD. The maximum hardness of the Fe-C-Al alloy was measured as 110.2 HRB compared to 89.32 HRB of the conventional Fe-C-Si alloy system. The impact test results showed that Fe-C-Al cast iron has higher impact property than Fe-C-Si cast iron.

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Takezawa, Makoto, Seung Won Lee, Susumu Ikeno, and Kenji Matsuda. "Microstructure Observations of Graphite in Gray Cast Iron Using TEM." Materials Science Forum 879 (November 2016): 1911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.879.1911.

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Cast iron is an iron alloy mainly composed of carbon and silicon, the amount of carbon is more than 2.1 mass%. Cast irons, gray cast iron and ductile cast iron, have been used as industrial parts and automobile parts widely because they have a good wear resistance and an excellent machinability. Graphite formation mechanism have been proposed, but, it is not established clearly yet. In this study, the microstructure of flake graphite was investigated to reveal the graphite formation mechanisms using FC250 alloy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples were prepared using focused ion beam (FIB). In the case of a cross section of flake graphite taken perpendicular to its elongated direction using TEM, internal microstructure of flake graphite was observed layered structure. In the case of a cross section of flake graphite taken parallel to its elongated direction, clear microstructure was not observed. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) from flake graphite showed <0001> direction of graphite are mostly parallel to their thickness.

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9

Cáceres, Carlos H. "Light Alloy Castings for Automotive Applications: The Case of Al vs. Mg." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 1801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.1801.

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The economical and environmental effects of mass reduction through Al and Mg primary alloys substitutions for cast iron and steel in automotive components are discussed using M.F. Ashby’s penalty functions method. The viability of Mg alloy substitutions for existing Al alloy cast components is also considered. The cost analysis shows that direct, equal-volume, Al alloy substitutions for cast iron and steel are the most feasible in terms of the CAFE liability, followed by substitutions involving flat panels of prescribed stiffness. When the creation of CO2 associated to the production of Al and Mg is considered, the potential gasoline savings over the lifespan of the car compensate for the intrinsic environmental burden of Al in all applications, while electrolytic Mg substitutions for cast iron and steel are feasible for equal volume and panels only. Magnesium produced by the Pidgeon thermal process appears to be too primary energy intensive to be competitive in structural applications. Magnesium substitutions for existing Al alloy beams and panels are generally unviable. The current higher recycling efficiency of Al casting alloys confers Al a significant advantage over Mg alloys.

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10

Polovinchuk, V. P., and A. A. Zhukov. "Copper in low-alloy sulfur cast iron." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 34, no. 5 (May 1992): 363–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00776666.

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11

Sekunowo, O. I., J. O. Ugboaja, and J. A. Tiamiyu. "Investigation of the Nodularisation Propensity of Calcined Cashew-Nut Shell-Ash in Cast-Iron Melt Graphite." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 18, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v18i1.1.

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Production of ductile iron using ferrosilicon-magnesium master alloy in melt treatment is currently fraught with challenges bothering on cost and availability. In this study the suitability of cashew nut shells ash (CNSA) as a viable alternative to magnesium master alloys employed in the treatment of molten cast iron for enhanced mechanical properties was studied. The carbonized CNSA used varied from 2-10 wt. % to treat different heat batches; CA1-CA5 containing varied amount of CNSA, CaO and FeSi in the molten cast iron. The cast samples were subjected to both mechanical characterisation (tensile, hardness and impact) and microstructural analysis using Instron electromechanical machine, impact tester and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS). Results show that the 8 wt. % CNSA addition demonstrated the best mechanical properties comparable to ASTM A536 ferritic ductile cast iron. Specifically, the 8 wt. % CNSA cast samples exhibited 433 MPa tensile strength, 144HRC hardness and ductility of 14.7%. Contributions to improved mechanical properties may be attributed to the development of sufficient fractions of graphite nodules during melt treatment with CNSA. These outcomes are a boost both to the production of quality ductile irons and a cleaner environment. Keywords: Nodularisation, ductile-iron, cashew-nut, ferrosilicon-magnesium alloy, mechanical properties

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12

Szymczak, T. "The Silumin Coat Structure on Alloy Ductile Iron." Archives of Foundry Engineering 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2013-0023.

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Abstract The work presents the research results of the silumin coat structure applied on the carbidic alloy ductile iron with the metal matrix: pearlitic, bainitic and martensitic. The coats were made in the AlSi5 silumin bath at the temperature tk = 750±5°C. The holding time of cast iron element in the bath was τ = 180s. Irrespective of the kind of tested ductile iron the obtained coat consisted of three layers with a different phase composition. The first layer from the cast iron ground “g1`” is built from Fe4CSi carbide which contains selected alloy additives of the cast iron. On it the second layer “g1``” crystallizes. It consists of the AlFeSi inter-metallic phase which can appear in its pure form or contain a small quantity of the alloy additives of the cast iron. The last external part of the layer “g2” mainly consists of the hypo-eutectic phases of silumin. The AlFeSi inter-metallic phases in the form of free precipitations with a lamellar or faceted morphology can also appear there. These phases also can contain a small quantity of the alloy additives of the cast iron. More than that, in all the layers of the coat there are graphite precipitations. The phenomenon of graphite movement to the coat is caused by intensive dissolving of the cast iron element surface by the aluminum of the silumin bath.

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13

Shen, Yan Bai, Toshinari Yamazaki, Cheng Ji Jin, Toshio Kikuta, and Noriyuki Nakatani. "Lining of Cast Iron Cylinder with Copper Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 15-17 (February 2006): 888–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.15-17.888.

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One method for lining the inner surface of a steel cylinder with copper alloy is to pour molten copper alloy into a heated cylinder, which has been previously filled with borax anhydride. This process replaces the molten borax anhydride with molten copper alloy. After the cylinder is cooled, the embedded copper alloy is drilled along its center axis so that a prescribed thickness of the copper alloy may remain. However, when the cylinder is made of cast iron including high concentration of carbon, the copper alloy does not bond to the inner surface of the cylinder. To solve this problem, we investigated to utilize the decarburization phenomenon. Two methods were investigated. In one method, the cast iron cylinder filled with FeO powder is heated at a high temperature so that the carbon precipitates in the cast iron may get out through reaction with O2 formed by decomposition of FeO. In the other method, the cast iron cylinder is only heated in air. A decarburized layer is formed beneath an oxide layer. In both methods, the lining of cast iron with copper alloy was attained.

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14

Stawarz, M. "SiMo Ductile Iron Crystallization Process." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0027.

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Abstract The article presents crystallization process of silicon molybdenum ductile cast iron (SiMo). The alloy with 5% silicon content and with variable amounts of Mo in a range of 0-1% was chosen for the research. The carbon content in the analysed alloys did not exceed 3,1%. The studies of crystallization process were based on thermal - derivative analysis (TDA). Chemical composition of all examined samples was analysed with the use of LECO spectrometer. Additionally, the carbon and the sulphur content was determined basing on carbon and sulphur LECO analyser. For metallographic examination, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS analyser was used. Disclosed phases have been also tested with the use of X-ray diffraction. The results allowed the description of crystallization processes of silicon molybdenum ductile cast iron using thermal - derivative analysis (TDA). Conducted studies did not allow for the clear identification of all complex phases containing molybdenum, occurring at the grain boundaries. Therefore, the further stages of the research could include the use of a transmission electron microscope to specify the description of complex compounds present in the alloy.

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Chandra-Ambhorn, Somrerk, Neramit Krasaelom, Tummaporn Thublaor, and Sirichai Leelachao. "High temperature corrosion behaviour of aluminised FC 25 cast iron using pack cementation." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 66, no. 2 (February 21, 2019): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-12-2017-1876.

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Purpose This study aims to apply the pack cementation to develop the Fe-Al layers on the surface of FC 25 cast iron in order to increase the high-temperature corrosion resistance of the alloy. Design/methodology/approach Pack cementation was applied on the surface of FC 25 cast iron at 1,050°C. The bare and aluminised alloys were subjected to the oxidation test in 20 per cent O2-N2 at 850 °C. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used for characterisation. Findings The layers of pack cementation consisted of Fe2Al5, FeAl2 and FeAl, and solid solution alloyed with Al. The oxidation kinetics of the bare cast iron was parabolic. Mass gain of the aluminised cast iron was significantly decreased compared with that of the bare cast iron. This was because of the protective alumina formation on the aluminised alloy surface. Al in the Fe–Al layer also tended to be homogenised during oxidation. Originality/value Even though the aluminising of alloys was extensively studied, the application of that process to the FC 25 cast iron grade was originally developed in this work. The significantly reduced mass gain of the aluminised FC 25 cast iron makes the studied alloy be promising for the use as a valve seat insert in an agricultural single-cylinder four-stroke engine, which might be run by using a relatively cheaper fuel, i.e. LPG, but as a consequence requires the higher oxidation resistance of the engine parts.

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Zhang, Guo Dong, Hong Mei Cao, and Jin Fei Xu. "Microstructure and Properties of Cast Iron Using Chromizing Process." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.416.

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Cast iron was chromized by solid powder method at 1000°C. Micro-morphology and microstructure of chromized alloy layer and cast iron matrix were analyzed, their hardness, elements distribution and corrosion resistance were studied in depth. The analysis results revealed that the chromized carbide-chromium layer grew well on cast iron surface, which was smooth and free from macroscopic defect. Campared with the hardness of original cast iron matrix, the hardness of the chromized alloy layer has been improved by 3.5 times, which was as high as 918.8 HV. And the corrosion resistance of the chromized alloy layer has been greatly improved. The relative corrosion rate of the original cast iron matrix was 2.2 times that of the chromized alloy layer according to their polarization curves.

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Ibrahim, Khaled M., and Mervat M. Ibrahim. "Heat Treatment in High Chromium White Cast Iron Ti Alloy." Journal of Metallurgy 2014 (April 29, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/856408.

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The influence of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of high chromium white cast iron alloyed with titanium was investigated. The austenitizing temperatures of 980°C and 1150°C for 1 hour each followed by tempering at 260°C for 2 hours have been performed and the effect of these treatments on wear resistance/impact toughness combination is reported. The microstructure of irons austenitized at 1150°C showed a fine precipitate of secondary carbides (M6C23) in a matrix of eutectic austenite and eutectic carbides (M7C3). At 980°C, the structure consisted of spheroidal martensite matrix, small amounts of fine secondary carbides, and eutectic carbides. Titanium carbides (TiC) particles with cuboidal morphology were uniformly distributed in both matrices. Irons austenitized at 980°C showed relatively higher tensile strength compared to those austenitized at 1150°C, while the latter showed higher impact toughness. For both cases, optimum tensile strength was reported for the irons alloyed with 1.31% Ti, whereas maximum impact toughness was obtained for the irons without Ti-addition. Higher wear resistance was obtained for the samples austenitized at 980°C compared to the irons treated at 1150°C. For both treatments, optimum wear resistance was obtained with 1.3% Ti.

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Agnoletto, Douglas, Guilherme Vieira Braga Lemos, Arthur Bortolini Beskow, Cleber Rodrigo de Lima Lessa, and Afonso Reguly. "Methodology for Determination of Degree of Nodularity in a Ductile Cast Iron GGG 40 by Ultrasonic Velocity Test." Southern Brazilian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 26, No. 26, 2018 26, no. 26 (June 30, 2018): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37633/sbjc.26(26)2018.10-16.

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Cast iron alloys combine many elements such as carbon, iron, silicon, magnesium and can be usually classified according to their microstructure in ductile, gray, compacted, white, and malleable. Each one has particularities in terms of properties and applications. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the degree of nodularity (%) in a ductile cast iron alloy GGG 40. In this context, a methodology to investigate the degree of nodularity was proposed. The ultrasonic method was used to determine the amount of ductile graphite as well as for parts release and thus facilitated the industrial operational execution. The effect of ultrasonic sound was investigated in sixtyseven ductile cast irons, and these analyses were further compared to the level of nodularity observed by metallography. Finally, based on the findings, the cast iron quality was guaranteed, leading to time-savings, avoiding the microstructural examination, and thus promoting cost reductions.

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AGNOLETTO, Douglas, Guilherme Vieira Braga LEMOS, Arthur Bortolini BESKOW, Cleber Rodrigo de Lima LESSA, and Afonso REGULY. "METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINATION OF DEGREE OF NODULARITY IN A DUCTILE CAST IRON GGG 40 BY ULTRASONIC VELOCITY TEST." SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 26, no. 26 (December 20, 2018): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.v26.n26.2018.15_2018.pdf.

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Cast iron alloys combine many elements such as carbon, iron, silicon, magnesium and can be usually classified according to their microstructure in ductile, gray, compacted, white, and malleable. Each one has particularities in terms of properties and applications. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the degree of nodularity (%) in a ductile cast iron alloy GGG 40. In this context, a methodology to investigate the degree of nodularity was proposed. The ultrasonic method was used to determine the amount of ductile graphite as well as for parts release and thus facilitated the industrial operational execution. The effect of ultrasonic sound was investigated in sixty-seven ductile cast irons, and these analyses were further compared to the level of nodularity observed by metallography. Finally, based on the findings, the cast iron quality was guaranteed, leading to time savings, avoiding the microstructural examination, and thus promoting cost reductions.

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Kong, Jian, and Lin Che. "The Study of a New Type of Cast Iron Material Used in the Glass Mould." Applied Mechanics and Materials 727-728 (January 2015): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.83.

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Develop a new type of alloy cast iron material.Design experimental scheme and research method, choose low tin vermicular cast iron as raw materials, to determine the main alloying element and trace alloying elements, formulate the necessary particularizing alloy. On the basis of strict technology and process, to complete the cast iron smelting, produce vermicular cast iron that has a good comprehensive performance. To observe the metallographic structure of cast iron under a microscope. Finally，test the stretchability of the developed vermicular cast

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Wang, Chao Hui, Zhuan Fang Zhang, You Wang, Xiao Hua Gu, and Sheng Xiao Li. "Research on Wear Performance of Nano-Additives Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy Cast Iron." Advanced Materials Research 580 (October 2012): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.580.485.

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In this paper Cr-Mo-Cu alloy cast irons were prepared by adding nano-additives. The finite element of ANSYS was used to simulate the change of the stress field and strain field of Cr-Mo-Cu alloy cast iron with nano-additives under wear abrasion. The changes of shear stress and strain are also discussed in this paper.

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Wang, Q. C., Qing Long An, Ming Chen, Gang Liu, and Yun Shan Zhang. "Experimental Study on Turning of Alloy Cast Iron with Coated and Uncoated Tools." Advanced Materials Research 135 (October 2010): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.135.265.

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Alloy cast iron cylinder is the mainstream product used in engine nowadays. However, the machinability of alloy cast iron is poor because of its enhanced mechanical properties. In this paper, turning experiment has been conducted to study machinability of alloy cast iron with uncoated and coated carbide tools under dry cutting condition. The results of the experiment indicated that the turning performance of alloy cast iron with coated tool was much better than uncoated tool in terms of cutting force coefficients and tool wear. Feed rate has a great influence on surface roughness, and appropriate tool wear is benefit of finished surface roughness.

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Riposan, Iulian, Ion Stefan, Ciprian Firican, and Stelian Stan. "Thermal Analysis to Optimize and Control the Cast Iron Solidification Process." Solid State Phenomena 254 (August 2016): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.254.14.

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The cooling curve and its derivatives display patterns that can be used to predict the characteristics of a cast iron. The effects of melting, superheating and holding in an acid lined coreless induction furnace were explored, as they affect the role of preconditioning and / or inoculation to restore solidification with low eutectic undercooling. Increased chill (iron carbides amount) in the experimental irons correlates well with certain thermal analysis parameters, such as the degree of eutectic undercooling. Preconditioning of the molten base iron before tapping led to improved solidification parameters in both untreated and inoculated irons as measured by the most significant thermal analysis cooling curve events. A double treatment incorporating preconditioning with inoculation improved the thermal analysis parameters, and consequently, the quality of the cast iron. If standard Ca-FeSi alloys do not have sufficient inoculation potential, the addition of the inoculant enhancing alloy (S, O and oxy-sulphides forming elements) will greatly enhance inoculation, well illustrated by changes to the thermal analysis parameters. A newly defined Inoculation Specific Factor [inoculation effect / inoculant consumption which led to that beneficial effect ratio] of different alloys is illustrated by thermal analysis, with good correlation with microstructural characteristics.

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Kim, Jeong-Min, Keesam Shin, and Je-Sik Shin. "Microstructural Evolution and Growth of Intermetallic Compounds at the Interface between Solid Cast Iron and Liquid Al–Si Alloy." Metals 10, no. 6 (June 6, 2020): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10060759.

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Compound casting has received a great deal of attention as a useful method for fabricating a single complicated part from dissimilar metallic materials. For example, in the case of automobile cylinder blocks, research is being carried out to compound cast iron with aluminum alloys. In order to manufacture such as composite parts, it is essential to control the intermetallic compound formed at the interface between two metals. In this research, the type and growth behavior of compounds formed at the interface between cast iron and aluminum, or Al–Si alloy, were investigated. It was observed that the Al5Fe2 phase was mainly formed at the interface between the pure aluminum melt and the solid cast iron, and the thickness of the interfacial compound increased proportionally with increasing contact time. On the other hand, more complex phases were formed at the interface between the Al–Si alloy melt and the solid cast iron. In the case of a specimen having a contact time of 10 min, Al4.5FeSi, Al8Fe2Si and Al5Fe2 phases appeared to occupy the largest portion of the interfacial compound region. The total thickness of the interfacial compounds also increased in proportion to the contact time.

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Ogi, Keisaku, Kaoru Yamamoto, Noboru Miyakawa, Fuhai Sun, Hirofumi Miyahara, and Mituru Sakamoto. "Alloy design for heat and abrasion resistant high alloy cast iron." International Journal of Cast Metals Research 16, no. 1-3 (August 2003): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2003.11819594.

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Shurkin, P. K., N. A. Belov, A. F. Musin, and A. A. Aksenov. "New high-strength casting aluminum alloy based on the Al–Zn–Mg–Ca–Fe system without requirement for heat treatment." Izvestiya Vuzov. Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya (Universities' Proceedings Non-Ferrous Metallurgy), no. 1 (February 19, 2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2020-1-48-58.

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The paper substantiates the composition and prospects of using high strength Al–Zn–Mg–Ca–Fe casting aluminum alloy without heat treatment based on the study on the structure, technological and mechanical properties. Alloys of the base composition Al–5.5%Zn–1.5%Mg (wt.%) jointly and separately doped with 0.5–1.0 % Ca and 0.5 % Fe were obtained as the objects of research. Standard casting alloys according to GOST 1583-93: AK12M2, AMg6lch, AM4,5Kd were the objects of comparison. A hot tensile test using a cast test bar was conducted to check the tendency to form hot cracks due to hindered contraction. It was shown that separate alloying with calcium and iron does not contribute to the improvement of crack resistance and adversely affects mechanical properties. Combined alloying with 1 % Ca and 0.5 % Fe improves the hot tearing resistance to the level of the AMg6lch alloy properties. This effect is due to calcium-containing phases of eutectic origin formed and a favorable grain structure created that is free from columnar grains. Iron in the alloy structure is bound in compact Al10CaFe2 phase particles as a result of the non-equilibrium crystallization during permanent mold casting. The formation of this phase allowed to reduce the amount of zinc in the (Al, Zn)4Ca phase and mostly retain the (Al) solid solution composition as evidenced by similar hardness values of the Al–5.5%Zn–1.5%Mg base alloy and Al–5.5%Zn–1.5%Mg–1%Ca–0.5%Fe alloy, and the superiority of the values over the hardness of alloys separately alloyed with calcium and iron. Also the cast hardness of the promising alloy more than 20 HV higher than the cast hardness of commercial cast alloys. The new alloy in the as-cast condition exhibited competitive mechanical tensile properties: UTS ~ 310 MPa, YS ~ 210 MPa, El ~ 4 %.

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Yao, Jun Ping, and Sun Zhong. "Research on the Alkali Corrosion Resistance Mechanism of Ni-Cr-Cu Alloy Cast Iron." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 1298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.1298.

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In allusion to facility corrosion problem in caustic soda industry five types of ni-Cr-cu alloy cast irons were developed. The corrosion rates of ni-Cr-cu alloy cast irons in hot concentrated alkali solution were measured by using self-made dynamic corrosion experiment equipment; the microstructures and surface corrosion morphology of alloy cast irons were observed by means of the optical microscope and SEM; the composition was analyzed using XES. Corrosion resistance mechanism were discussed detailedly. the experimental results showed that ni-Cr-cu cast iron was uniform corrosion macroscopically in the dense caustic soda at high temperature and there was ni, cu enrichment microcosmically. The Ni and Cu enriched in the matrix , which increase in local electrode voltage of the matrix,are advantageous to the improvement of caustic corrosion resistances of that zone. The higher Ni content,the better alkali corrosion resistance performance with high temperature.

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Sun, Dong, Lingfeng Zhang, Yi Xiong, and Fengzhang Ren. "Research on Cost-effective New Alloy Cast Iron." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 585 (August 13, 2019): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/585/1/012025.

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Takamori, Susumu, Yoshiaki Osawa, and Kohmei Halada. "Aluminum-Alloyed Cast Iron as a Versatile Alloy." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 43, no. 3 (2002): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.43.311.

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Filipovic, Mirjana. "Iron-chromium-carbon-vanadium white cast irons: Microstructure and properties." Chemical Industry 68, no. 4 (2014): 413–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind130615064f.

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The as-cast microstructure of Fe-Cr-C-V white irons consists of M7C3 and vanadium rich M6C5 carbides in austenitic matrix. Vanadium changed the microstructure parameters of phase present in the structure of these alloys, including volume fraction, size and morphology. The degree of martensitic transformation also depended on the content of vanadium in the alloy. The volume fraction of the carbide phase, carbide size and distribution has an important influence on the wear resistance of Fe-Cr-C-V white irons under low-stress abrasion conditions. However, the dynamic fracture toughness of Fe-Cr-C-V irons is determined mainly by the properties of the matrix. The austenite is more effective in this respect than martensite. Since the austenite in these alloys contained very fine M23C6 carbide particles, higher fracture toughness was attributed to a strengthening of the austenite during fracture. Besides, the secondary carbides which precipitate in the matrix regions also influence the abrasion behaviour. By increasing the matrix strength through a dispersion hardening effect, the fine secondary carbides can increase the mechanical support of the carbides. Deformation and appropriate strain hardening occur in the retained austenite of Fe-Cr-C-V alloys under repeated impact loading. The particles of precipitated M23C6 secondary carbides disturb dislocations movement and contribute to increase the effects of strain hardening in Fe-Cr-C-V white irons.

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Grachev, V. A. "EFFECT OF ELECTRIC FIELD ON GAS CONTENT OF CAST IRON." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 3 (June 20, 2019): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-3-246-251.

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The effect of electric field on the gas content of cast iron has been experimentally established on the basis of electrochemical studies in the system “liquid cast iron – slag – gas phase”. The author has carried out the studies aimed at obtaining cast iron sparingly alloyed with nickel, equal to Ni-resist cast iron in its mechanical and performance characteristics. For this purpose, austenitic cast irons melted in induction furnace with electrocorundum lining have been studied. Samples prepared from the obtained cast iron have been subjected to further treatment with electric field in order to research the influence of static electric field on fixation of atomic nitrogen in the alloy, and ultimately, on the structure of metal matrix. According to the experimental data, the effect can be enhanced by application of electric field. The application of negative charge to metal appears to be more effective, although, in case of anode metal, certain “capture” of nitrogen in cast iron also occurs. This may be explained by the fact that, at the initial moment of time, there is a stationary electric field between the movable (free) electrode and surface of the melt, where the charged particles are stationary in this reference frame, which is registered as no current by ampere-meters integrated in the circuit. The application of static electric field facilitates is capture of nitrogen in cast iron. According to further experiments, at 8 – 9 % of Ni, it is necessary to apply significant voltage for the manifestation of this influence. The studies have shown that the issue of stabilizing austenite with nitrogen in cast iron was not so simple, and, apparently, the influence of the field in case of the introduction of nitrided ferrochrome affected decomposition of nitrides, recharging of nitrogen ions, and non-equilibrium conditions of their diffusion and transition to gaseous phase. It was confirmed by a wide variation of the results of nitrogen analyses. Some samples have shown 0.04 – 0.05 % of N (with the introduction of nitrided ferrochrome, and a “minus” applied to metal), but most analyses have indicated considerably lower values. For foundry industry, electrochemical deoxidation of alloys that are difficult to deoxide by other methods, e.g. aluminum cast iron alloy, is of particular interest. Aluminum is an active element, which, in case of unfavorable arrangement of mass flows, is difficult to remove even using calcium. It leads to the emergence of Al2O3 inclusions in metal with the density close to melt, which complicates their coagulation and emersion. A double deoxidation has been tried. After the melt’s exposure lasted for 1 hour, its EMF has almost “returned” to its initial state (0.8 V). The subsequent deoxidation of melt for 15 minutes facilitated three-fold decrease in oxidation degree as compared to the initial one. Thus, the possibility of electrochemical deoxidation of iron-carbon melts and expediency of double deoxidation have been experimentally proved. As a result, the method of applying electric field in order to change the gas content of cast iron, as well as the method of practical application of electrochemical deoxidation of iron-carbon alloys have been suggested.

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Aktaş Çelik, Gülşah, Maria-Ioanna T. Tzini, Şeyda Polat, Şaban Hakan Atapek, and Gregory N. Haidemenopoulos. "Matrix design of a novel ductile cast iron modified by W and Al: A comparison between thermodynamic modeling and experimental data." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 26, no. 1 (April 16, 2020): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30544/449.

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In high-temperature applications of ferrous materials, as in the case of exhaust manifolds, high thermal and mechanical stability are required. Stainless steels and Ni-resist alloys having austenitic matrices are good candidates to meet these requirements at elevated temperatures; however, they are expensive materials and present difficulties in casting. Ferritic ductile cast irons, like the commercial SiMo alloy, are comparatively cheaper materials with better castability but they cannot be used above approximately 800 °C. Thus, to meet the requirements with low-cost materials having improved high-temperature properties, new alloys must be developed by ferrite forming elements having the potential to increase equilibrium temperature. In this study, initially, a novel ductile cast iron matrix was designed using 1 W and 0-4 Al wt.-% and their phases stable at room temperature, transformation temperatures, solidification sequences and thermal expansivity values were determined using thermodynamic calculations with Thermo-Calc software. Computational studies revealed that (i) designed alloy matrices had graphite and M6C type carbides embedded in a ferritic matrix at room temperature as expected, (ii) A1 temperature increased as aluminum content increased. The obtained values were all above that of commercial SiMo alloy, (iii) the detrimental effect of increased aluminum addition on graphite content, and thermal expansivity was observed. Secondly, microstructural and thermal characterizations of cast alloys were performed for validation – the obtained data were in good agreement with the thermodynamic calculations.

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Zoqui, Eugênio José, Angel Sanchez Roca, and Hipólito Domingo Carvajal Fals. "Microstructure of Thixoformable Hypoeutectic Cast Iron." Solid State Phenomena 192-193 (October 2012): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.192-193.219.

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The use of a specially designed hypoeutectic cast iron as a potential raw material for the thixoforming process is described in this paper. Thixoforming technology normally uses aluminum-silicon alloys such A356 and A357 as raw materials. Iron-based alloys are less common, despite the lower cost of the raw material. The paper describes the semi-solid behavior and corresponding final microstructure of a hypoeutectic gray cast iron after thixoforming tests. The Fe-2.6wt%C-1.5wt%Si alloy was prepared via conventional casting in sand molds. Samples were heated to the semi-solid state at 1160 and 1180oC and held at these temperatures for 0, 30, 90 and 120s, and then subjected to compression tests. Two-platen compression tests were carried out in an instrumented eccentric press in order to determine the semi-solid behavior. The holding time in the semi-solid range simulates the industrial heating process that is time-controlled rather than temperature-controlled. The semi-solid behavior indicated that the semi-solid cast iron behaves like aluminum-silicon alloys, presenting a stress of up to 24MPa under 80% strain and a corresponding apparent viscosity of up to 1.5*105 Pa.s at 1180oC. The final microstructure after compression testing was essential in determining the material’s morphological evolution. Tests revealed that heating up to the semi-solid range followed by thixoforming changes the material’s graphite morphology from type A to B (or E), but does not significantly affect the interdendritic arm spacing between graphite lamellae. The resulting structure is composed of fine graphite and pearlite.

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Aghali Quliyev, Zaka Salimov, Aghali Quliyev, Zaka Salimov. "STUDY OF HIGH CHROME WHITE SHEEP DEPENDENCE ON CARBONE QUANTITY AND ABRAZIVE CONDITIONS." ETM - Equipment, Technologies, Materials 08, no. 04 (September 26, 2021): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/etm0804202172.

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In addition to studying the properties of abrasive corrosion-resistant alloys, the article considers it important to study the abrasive corrosion-based effect of abrasive corrosion resistance of high-chromium white cast iron on the amount of carbon and the dependence of abrasive particles on carbide and particle dependence. At the same time, the spread of white cast iron with 1.5 - 30% Mo is higher, which makes it easier to spread the processed martensite cast iron. Açar sözlər: oil drilling equipment high chromium alloy, abrasive particle, diffusion resistance, hardness, erosion coefficient, abrasive conditions.

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Chandra-ambhorn, Somrerk, Thublaor Tummaporn, and Pongpankasame Jiradech. "High Temperature Oxidation of Al-Alloyed SiMo Cast Iron in CO₂-Containing Atmospheres." Advanced Materials Research 813 (September 2013): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.813.132.

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The SiMo cast iron with 5.45 wt% of Al has been developed for using as an automotive exhaust manifold. Cyclic oxidation test of that alloy and the conventional SiMo cast iron was conducted at 850 oC in 5%CO2+12%O2+83%N2 and 10%CO2+12%O2+78%N2. It was found that oxidation kinetics of the SiMo cast iron alloyed with 5.45 wt% of Al was lower than that of the SiMo cast iron. An X-ray diffraction technique and a scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy were performed for characterisation. Thermal oxide scale on the SiMo cast iron consisted of hematite, magnetite and silica, while it was mainly alumina, additionally with hematite and magnetite, for the SiMo cast iron alloyed with 5.4 wt%. Formation of the alumina promoted oxidation resistance of the later cast alloy.

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36

Wahid, Shah Abdul, Seong-Ho Ha, Bong-Hwan Kim, Young-Ok Yoon, Hyun-Kyu Lim, and Shae K. Kim. "Influence of Si Content on Tensile Properties and Fractography of Al–Mg–Si Ternary Alloys." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 2005–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.18936.

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This study investigated the heat treatment response and tensile properties of Al–6 mass%Mg–xSi (x = 1, 3, 5, and 7 mass%) ternary alloys. Further, the fracture behavior of these alloys in response to heat treatment for different temper conditions was also examined. Scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDS) analysis of the as-cast alloys revealed, in all of them, the presence of iron-bearing phases (in a size range of 10˜60 μm) that did not dissolve or become refined upon heat treatment. Additionally, eutectic Mg2Si and Al3Mg2 phases were found in Alloy I (Al–6Mg–1Si), while eutectic Mg2Si and Si phases were found in the rest of the alloys. In the as-cast condition, the tensile properties of the examined alloys decreased in relation to increasing Si content. Nonetheless, after heat treatment, the yield strength of the alloys with high Si content (>3 mass%) increased significantly compared with that in the as-cast condition. A yield strength greater than 300 MPa was achieved in both Alloy III (Al–6Mg–5Si) and Alloy IV (Al–6Mg–7Si), although this was achieved at the expense of ductility. According to the fractography of the tensile-fractured surfaces undertaken using optical and scanning electron microscopy, fractures of the iron-bearing phases were found to be the source of cracking in alloys with high Si content. In the case of those with low Si content (≤3 mass%), cracks were believed to have been caused by the debonding of iron-bearing phases from the aluminum matrix.

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Stefan, Eduard Marius, and Mihai Chisamera. "Solidification Control by Thermal Analysis of La/Ba Inoculated Grey Cast Iron." Advanced Materials Research 1128 (October 2015): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1128.35.

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Thermal analysis is worldwide used in foundry for control of structure and properties of cast irons. In this paper is presented the experimental study realized to control the inoculation effect by thermal analysis method of inoculated grey cast irons. For this purpose was conducted an in ladle inoculation process with 0.5wt. % inoculant from LaCaAlFeSi and BaCaAlFeSi alloy systems. The main goals of this experimental research work are: to determine the particular characteristics of the registered cooling curves, to notice the solidification parameters that present sensibility as against inoculant addition in treated cast iron and eventually to improve thermal analysis technique of cast irons.

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Kawalec, M., and H. Krawiec. "Corrosion Resistance of High-Alloyed White Cast Iron." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0048.

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Abstract The paper presents the results of corrosion resistance tests carried out on high-alloyed white cast iron. Tests were performed in 0.1 M NaCl by the technique of linear voltammetry. The test material was collected from six high-vanadium cast iron melts with a variable content of carbon and vanadium, and thus with different microstructure. Studies have confirmed that the type of crystallised microstructure has a very important effect on the alloy corrosion resistance. The highest corrosion resistance showed the alloy with a ferritic matrix containing the spheroidal precipitates of vanadium carbide VC, while the lowest had the eutectic alloy with a pearlitic matrix.

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Michalik, Rafał, and H. Woźnica. "Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Cast ZnAl40Cu2 Alloy." Defect and Diffusion Forum 326-328 (April 2012): 555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.326-328.555.

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Zn-Al-Cu alloys are used as an alternative material for bronze, cast iron and aluminum alloys in bearings and as construction material. Advantageous results brings of their application for bearings exposed to high loads. One of the factors determining the possible applications of Zn-Al-Cu alloys is their resistance to electrochemical corrosion. In literature can be found information on the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al-Cu alloys. There have been no comprehensive studies on the influence of casting conditions and modifications of chemical composition on the structure and corrosion resistance. The purpose of the experiments was to determine the structure and corrosion resistance of cast Zn-40%Al-2%Cu alloy. The scope of the experiments included X-ray phase analysis, potentiodynamic and potentiostatic tests, surface condition examinations and alloy structure characterization both before and after corrosion. The Zn40Al2Cu alloy is characterized by a dendritic structure, consisting of solid solutions of Al, Zn-Al and Zn and the CuZn5 phase. A corrosive environment affects the structure of the subsurface zone of the Zn40Al2Cu alloy to a depth of 60 to 130 μm, where a decrease of zinc content and an increase of aluminum content are observed.

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Tan, Yang, Yi Lin Chi, Ya Yu Huang, and Ting Qiang Yao. "Numerical Simulation of High Speed Machining of Alloy Cast Iron." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 2310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.2310.

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High speed milling of hard alloy steels utilized in dies and molds is a highly demanding operation. The finite element model was developed to investigate the high speed machining of alloy cast iron which is used in auto panel dies. The modified Johnson-cook constitutive model was used to model the complex dynamic material behavior, a damage evaluation law based on Cockroft and Latham model was used to simulate the ductile fracture of alloy cast iron. The crack initiation and propagation was simulated explicitly using an explicit FEM code. Simulation results showed that the chip morphology transited from continuous to saw-tooth chip with increasing cutting speed, cutting force decreased when increasing the cutting speed, which provide a useful understanding of chip formation process in high speed machining of alloy cast iron.

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Salomonsson, Kent, and Anders E. W. Jarfors. "Three-Dimensional Microstructural Characterization of Cast Iron Alloys for Numerical Analyses." Materials Science Forum 925 (June 2018): 427–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.925.427.

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In this paper, we aim at characterizing three different cast iron alloys and their microstructural features, namely lamellar, compacted and nodular graphite iron. The characterization of microscopic features is essential for the development of methods to optimize the behavior of cast iron alloys; e.g. maximize thermal dissipation and/or maximize ductility while maintaining strength. The variation of these properties is commonly analyzed by metallography on two-dimensional representations of the alloy. However, more precise estimates of the morphologies and material characteristics is obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction of microstructures. The use of X-ray microtomography provides an excellent tool to generate high resolution three-dimensional microstructure images. The characteristics of the graphite constituent in the microstructure, including the size, shape and connectivity, were analyzed for the different cast iron alloys. It was observed that the lamellar and compacted graphite iron alloys have relatively large connected graphite morphologies, as opposed to ductile iron where the graphite is present as nodules. The results of the characterization for the different alloys were ultimately used to generate finite element models.

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Ruan, Jing Kui, Ying Lin Ke, Hui Yue Dong, and Yong Yang. "Finite Element Simulation of High-Speed Cutting Alloy Cast Iron." Materials Science Forum 532-533 (December 2006): 749–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.749.

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A finite element model (FEM) of high-speed cutting was built to study the mechanism of high-speed machining of alloy cast iron used widely in auto panel dies. The mechanics properties of workpiece material were obtained in the conditions of high strain-rate, high temperature and high strain through high-speed impact compress experiments. Several key technologies are studied such as friction and chip-tool heat conduction. The cutting temperature, stress distribution, and the chip formation process in the process of high-speed cutting alloy cast iron were analyzed based on the finite element model, which was validated through cutting force experiments. It shows that the FEM can simulate the high-speed cutting process of alloy cast iron materials.

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Wang, Xin, Li Sheng Zhong, Na Na Zhao, Vladimir E. Ovcharenko, and Yun Hua Xu. "A General Process for In Situ Formation of Iron-Matrix Composites Reinforced by Carbide Ceramic." Materials Science Forum 852 (April 2016): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.852.461.

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Ceramic particles (such as VC, NbC, TiC, and WC), which exhibit high hardness and thermal stability, can be used for in situ fabrication of carbide-reinforced iron matrix composites with high macro-hardness and toughness. In this study, we describe a novel in situ process comprising infiltration casting and heat treatment to form carbide-reinforced iron matrix composites with hard ceramic particles. Our proposed approach was used to integrate different alloy wires, which can easily form carbides, into the metal matrix and cast a known amount of carbon, such as gray cast iron, ductile cast iron, or ordinary white cast iron, to form alloy-reinforced iron matrix composites. Thermal treatment of the resulting composites allowed the alloy elements of the wire to react with carbon in the matrix to form evenly distributed carbide particles. This approach can be applied to a wide range of materials with different morphologies for fabricating composites, machining tools, and wear-resistant components.

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Qiu, Ming Min, Hao Wang, Xu Wu, Hong Qun Tang, and Guang Cai Su. "Study on the Corrosion Resistance of High Boron Iron-Based Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 268-270 (December 2012): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.268-270.326.

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Being compared with traditional wear resistant materials, the corrosion resistance of high boron iron-based alloy at 25°Cand at 60°Care researched respectively. The results show that the corrosion resistance of wear-resistant alloys decline at high temperature. At 25°C and at 60°C, though the corrosion resistance of high chromium cast iron is a little higher than that of high boron iron-based alloy in acid medium (PH=3), high boron iron-based alloy’s corrosion resistance is the best among these three materials in neutral medium (PH=7) and in alkaline medium (PH=12).

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Mizumoto, Masayuki, Takeshi Ohgai, and Akio Kagawa. "Novel Separation Technique of Particle Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites by Fused Deposition Method." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 1028–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.1028.

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To develop a novel separation technique of matrix alloys from metal matrix composite, separation experiments for various kinds of particle reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMCs) were carried out. The Al-4mass%Cu alloy, Al-7mass%Si alloy and cast iron were used as matrix. The SiC particles (particle size: 75μm) and Al2O3 particles (particle size: 120μm) were used as reinforcement. The PRMMC specimen was placed in a silica tube container with a small nozzle (nozzle size: 0.75mm) at the bottom and was melted by H.F. induction heating. Then the molten PRMMC specimen was forced to flow out through the nozzle by applying a certain pressure of Ar gas. Most of the molten matrix alloy flowed out through the nozzle and the remainder in the container consisted of the reinforcements and a part of the matrix alloy. The amount of separated matrix alloy increased with decreasing the volume fraction of reinforcement particles in PRMMC specimens. With decreasing the fabrication temperature from 1273K to 1073K, the amount of matrix alloy separated from SiCP/Al-7mass%Si alloy composites increased. It is considered that a reaction layer formed on the surface of SiC particles at 1273K improves the wettability between the molten matrix alloy and SiC particle, which prevents the separation of molten matrix alloy from reinforcements. On the other hand, the amount of separated matrix alloy from 20vol% Al2O3P/cast iron composites was very high due to no reaction layer formed at interface between Al2O3 particle and cast iron.

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46

Lamrous, Douniazed, Emanuelle Boehm-Courjault, Mohamed Y. Debili, and Nacira Sassane. "Effect of impurities on microstructure and structural propertiesof the as-cast and treated Al-Zn alloys." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 20, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/metmateng1401023l.

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The microstructure of two Al-Zn alloys (with 10 and 30 wt.%Zn content) produced by melting in the high frequency induction furnace were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and the microhardness tests. The results indicate that the presence of iron impurity causes the formation of eutectic (Al,Zn)3Fe in both alloys. The presence of the silicon impurity results in the formation of the phase separation in the Al-10%Zn as-cast alloy. The columnar to equiaxed transition was produced only in the Al-30%Zn as-cast alloy. The Vickers microhardness is higher in the equiaxed zone than in the columnar to equiaxed transition (CET) zone. The presence of iron causes intermetallic phase formation (Al, Fe, Si)3,6Zn in the Al-30%Zn as-cast alloy enabling an increase in the lattice parameter. After a homogenization treatment, the microstructure of Al-Zn treated alloys consists only of α dendrites and stable eutectic phase.

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Doi, Minoru, Daisuke Sakai, Toshiyuki Koyama, Takao Kozakai, and Tomokazu Moritani. "TEM Observations of the Precipitation of A2 Particles in D0₃ Precipitates in Fe-Si-V Alloy System." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 529–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.529.

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The present study examined the effects of heat treatment and the addition of Cu-Ni alloy on the corrosion resistance of the matrix of spheroidal graphite cast iron in aqueous environments. Test materials of white cast iron and carbon steel were used for comparison with spheroidal graphite cast iron. The alloy spheroidal graphite cast iron that added Cu and Ni was prepared. The spheroidal graphite cast iron was subjected to three kinds of heat treatment to adjust the matrix: annealing, oil quenching, and austemper heat treatment. In electrochemical tests, measurements of corrosion electrode potential and cathode and anode polarization were used. The following was clarified from the relationship between the electrode potential and current density of each of the materials in each of the solution. The alloy spheroidal graphite cast iron had a high corrosion electrode potential owing to the addition of Cu-Ni, and tended to have a low corrosion current density. This demonstrates that in any of the materials having a matrix adjusted by heat treatment, the addition of Cu-Ni increased the corrosion resistance. The corrosion current density was highest in a sulfuric acid environment.

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48

Aoyama, M., K. Tahashi, and K. Matsuno. "Effects of Heat Treatment and Alloying of Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron on Corrosion Resistance in Aqueous Environment." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.533.

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The present study examined the effects of heat treatment and the addition of Cu-Ni alloy on the corrosion resistance of the matrix of spheroidal graphite cast iron in aqueous environments. Test materials of white cast iron and carbon steel were used for comparison with spheroidal graphite cast iron. The alloy spheroidal graphite cast iron that added Cu and Ni was prepared. The spheroidal graphite cast iron was subjected to three kinds of heat treatment to adjust the matrix: annealing, oil quenching, and austemper heat treatment. In electrochemical tests, measurements of corrosion electrode potential and cathode and anode polarization were used. The following was clarified from the relationship between the electrode potential and current density of each of the materials in each of the solution. The alloy spheroidal graphite cast iron had a high corrosion electrode potential owing to the addition of Cu-Ni, and tended to have a low corrosion current density. This demonstrates that in any of the materials having a matrix adjusted by heat treatment, the addition of Cu-Ni increased the corrosion resistance. The corrosion current density was highest in a sulfuric acid environment.

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ASANO, Kazunori, Hiroshi YAMADA, and Seiji SUGIMURA. "Durability of Aluminum Cast Iron against Molten Aluminum Alloy." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2017 (2017): G0400204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2017.g0400204.

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50

Kurian, I., and Yu Bidlen'. "Microstructure of nitrided alloy cast iron with spheroidal graphite." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 29, no. 5 (May 1987): 396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00715852.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Alloy cast iron'

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