Academic literature on the topic 'Aloe spp'
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Journal articles on the topic "Aloe spp"
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Zillmer, Juliana Graciela Vestena, Isabel Cristina Arrieira, Teila Ceolin, Rita Maria Heck, and Rosa Lía Barbieri. "UTILIZAÇÃO DA BABOSA NO COTIDIANO DE USUÁRIOS PORTADORES DE CÂNCER." Revista Baiana de Saúde Pública 34, no. 4 (2011): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.22278/2318-2660.2010.v34.n4.a70.
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O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a utilização da Aloe spp. pelos usuários portadores de câncer, no tratamento da doença. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado em um município do Sul do Rio Grande do Sul com onze usuários portadores de câncer internados no Programa de Internação Domiciliar Interdisciplinar (PIDI) Oncológico. Destes, nove sabiam sobre a possibilidade de utilização da Aloe spp. para o câncer e apenas três referiram sua utilização para auxiliar no tratamento. A Aloe spp. foi utilizada pelos usuários, visando auxiliar no tratamento do câncer, sem abandonar o tratamento convencional. Concluiu-se que, apesar de os entrevistados terem relatado o uso da babosa, não se encontraram estudos que confirmassem suas propriedades anticancerígenas.
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Bhatnagar, Nupur, Mudit Sharma, and Farah Naz Faridi. "Antifungal Activity of Aloe Vera Extracts Against Phytopathogenic Fungus Aspergillus Spp." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 12 (2022): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20221214.
Full textAbstract:
Medicinal plant contains many natural products to perform antifungal activity. The present study was undertaken to determine the antifungal activity of Aloe vera gel with ethyl acetate and methanol extracts against the Aspergillus spp. The fungus was isolated using standard potato dextrose agar. After identifying the fungus based on their morphology they were subjected to various biochemical tests. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was also performed to determine the content of Aloe vera gel with ethyl acetate and methanol extractions. The Aloe vera gel with methanol extract was found to have high yield as compared to ethyl acetate extract. The methanol extraction of Aloe vera also showed high inhibition rate of fungal flora as depicted by colony forming unit (CFU) method. Further studies are recommended to ascertain the role of Aloe vera with other solvent extracts as a potent pharmacological and therapeutic agent Key words: Antifungal activity, Aloe vera, extracts, GCMS
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Krynitskaya, Alla, Aniurka Maria Panfet Aulan, Elena Petukhova, Maria Kharina, and Zosya Kanarskaya. "Endophytic microorganisms of Aloe vera." E3S Web of Conferences 486 (2024): 07007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448607007.
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Aloe vera is one of the most commonly used plants in medical and pharmaceutical practice due to the large number of biologically active compounds it contains. At the same time, the internal gel of plants contains endophytic microorganisms that can increase the area of plants action. In the process of carrying out research work, the isolation and identification of microorganisms associated with the internal gel of Aloe vera was carried out. A method for aseptic shedding of microbial isolates from plant gel has been developed. Using the developed method, four microbial isolates were obtained. Morphological, cultural and physiological-biochemical analysis of the isolated microorganisms was carried out. Based on their characteristics, all isolated microorganisms can be attributed to the Actinobacteria class. Previously isolated bacteria can be identified as Arthrobacter spp. or Micrococcus spp. Additional research is required for more accurate identification. As a result of the research, the antimicrobial activity of two isolates against bacteria of the genus Bacillus was discovered.
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Eze, C. N., H. O. Stanley, and C. C. Nwankwo. "Effect of Plant Extract on Pathogens Isolated from Water Source." International Journal of Pathogen Research 12, no. 4 (2023): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpr/2023/v12i4232.
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This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) and Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass) extracts on pathogenic bacteria isolated from surface and ground water samples in Port Harcourt Metropolis. Samples of Aloe vera and Lemon grass were collected, pre-treated and extracted using n-hexane and ethanol respectively. The plant extracts were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed for their phytochemical properties using standard methods. Surface and ground water samples were collected and characterized for their physico-chemical and microbiological properties using standard methods. The pathogenic bacteria isolated from the water samples were subjected to antibacterial susceptibility tests using selected commercial antibiotics and the plant extracts respectively. Result revealed the presence of eight phytochemicals namely alkaloid, flavonoid, saponnin, tannin, glycoside, steroid, phenol and terpene in both hexane and ethanol extracts of the Lemongrass and Aloe vera with varying degrees. Four bacterial pathogens namely Streptococcus spp., Shigella spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were identified in the water samples. All of them were susceptible to both hexane and ethanol extracts of the Lemongrass and Aloe vera plants with zones of inhibition ranging from 10.2 mm to 14.5 mm and 16.7 mm to 20.9 mm and 4.2 mm to 9.5 mm and 6.7 mm to 11.2 mm, respectively. Commercial antibiotics such as Ciproflox, Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol and Cuntamycin were active against all the bacteria pathogens, with zones of inhibition ranging from 15.7 mm to 21.2 mm, 13.2 mm to 21.3 mm, 3.1 mm to 14.5 mm and 3.3 mm to 14.7 mm, respectively. The antibacterial action of ethanol extract of the Lemongrass on all four pathogens was comparable to that of commercial antibiotics such as Ciproflox, Streptomycin and Ofloxacin which also demonstrated higher antibacterial action on the pathogens. This study has revealed the usefulness of Aloe vera and Lemongrass plants in phyto-antibiotics and phyto-medicine.
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Bhowmik, Susmita, Runa Akter Chowdhury, and Md Aftab Uddin. "Microbiological analysis and detection of anti-bacterial activity of Centella asiatica and Aloe vera samples collected from different areas of Dhaka city, Bangladesh." Stamford Journal of Microbiology 6, no. 1 (2017): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v6i1.33518.
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The present study was performed to detect the presence of contaminating microorganisms in two commonly available herbal samples (Centella asiatica and Aloe vera) collected from different areas of Dhaka city, Bangladesh and to assess their antibacterial activity. Out of twenty samples (having ten samples of each categories) studied; the range of total viable bacterial count was approximately 103 to 108 cfu/g. Presence of Staphylococcus aureus was found in all the samples, followed by Klebsiella spp. in 15 samples, Pseudomonas spp. in 14 samples, Bacillus spp. in 12 samples, Escherichia coli in 9 samples and Vibrio spp. in 7 samples. Salmonella spp. was detected in neither of the sample. 17 samples showed a high fungal load up to 107 cfu/g. Antibacterial activity of C. asiatica samples was demonstrated against eight laboratory isolates. Only four C. asiatica samples showed activity against Klebsiella spp. On the contrary, Aloe vera samples (12-14) showed antibacterial activity only against Staphylococcus spp.Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.6(1) 2016: 39-43
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Laib, Imen, Fairouz Boubrik, and Malika Barkat. "Optimization of the extraction parameters of Aloe Vera polyphenols and study of antioxidant and antifungal activities: application to molds isolated from durum wheat." Acta Scientifica Naturalis 6, no. 1 (2019): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asn-2019-0011.
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Abstract The main objectives of this work are to optimize the extraction parameters, to test the antioxidant activity of Aloe Vera extract and to study the impact of this extract on deteriorating molds of Algerian variety of wheat (CIRTA). The extraction was optimized by central composite design. Determination of the polyphenols, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins was performed by using colorimetric assays. Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds were performed by RPHPLC-UV method. The antioxidant activity was tested by three methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,20-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and CUPRAC (Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity), the antifungal activity of Aloe Vera extract on isolated strains from durum wheat were tested by dilution in a solid medium method. The optimum of total phenolic got was1,044 x 104 µg GAE/g of dry extract. The extract is rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins. The analysis of phenolic compounds of Aloe Vera by RP-HPLC-UV revealed seven phenolic compounds. Strong antioxidant activity was obtained for Aloe Vera extract. Purification and microscopic study of isolated strains gave the possibility of identifying four strains: Alternaria spp1, Alternaria spp2, Penicillium spp, and Aspergillus spp. the antifungal potential of Aloe Veravaries according to the fungal genera and the concentrations of extract used.
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Fouché, Morné, Clarissa Willers, Sias Hamman, Christiaan Malherbe, and Jan Steenekamp. "Wound Healing Effects of Aloe muth-muth: In Vitro Investigations Using Immortalized Human Keratinocytes (HaCaT)." Biology 9, no. 11 (2020): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9110350.
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The traditional use of Aloe spp. for the purpose of wound healing has a long history and is widespread internationally. Recently, a hybrid aloe plant (Aloe muth-muth) has been cultivated by cross pollination between Aloe vera and Aloe ferox. The Aloe muth-muth plant has not yet been investigated for medicinal properties and provides an opportunity for potential biological activity, including wound healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro wound healing effects of both Aloe muth-muth gel and whole leaf material with the use of the immortalized human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line. Cell viability was conducted using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays. In vitro wound healing was tested on HaCaT cells using an established scratch assay method. The effect of Aloe muth-muth gel material on HaCaT cell migration was also investigated. Aloe muth-muth gel material exhibited statistically significantly (p < 0.05) higher percentage wound closure compared to the control at all three concentrations investigated. These findings confirm that this newly cultivated species, Aloe muth-muth, also possesses wound healing activity corresponding to that reported for the two species it is derived from, namely, Aloe vera and Aloe ferox. Therefore, Aloe muth-muth has the potential to be used in future wound therapeutics.
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Molero, Tamara, and Said Kas-Danouche. "Estimation of aloin concentration in Aloe vera L. (Aloe barbadensis Mill.) by mathematical modeling." Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia 39, no. 1 (2022): e223913. http://dx.doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n1.13.
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Aloin is one of the secondary metabolites that gives plants of the genus Aloe spp. their healing properties. The concentration of aloin is related to the fresh mass and, its industrial purification involves laboratory processes that add extra costs to its commercialization. The objective of this research was to mathematically modelize the estimation of the aloin concentration in A. vera L. from the fresh mass. The theory of discrete perfect least squares approximations was used, considering linear and exponential approximation functions. For the tabulation of the data, the option of class mark and the average of the values were used. The analyses of the approximations indicate that the exponential curves approximate the data better (with R2 = 75% and 82% for the two options, respectively) than the straight lines (with R2 = 65% and 70% for the two options, respectively). The use of these approximations is recommended to estimate the concentration of aloin in A. vera plants based on their fresh mass, facilitating the measurement of this secondary metabolite, and minimizing costs in the industrialization process.
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Alesa Gyles, Desireé, Anivaldo Duarte Pereira Júnior, Lorena Diniz Castro, et al. "Polyacrylamide-Metilcellulose Hydrogels Containing Aloe barbadensis Extract as Dressing for Treatment of Chronic Cutaneous Skin Lesions." Polymers 12, no. 3 (2020): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030690.
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Chronic wounds are severe breaks in the skin barrier that fail to heal in an acceptable time-frame, thus preventing the complete restoration of the tissue’s anatomical and functional integrity, increasing the likelihood of infections and apoptosis. Hydrogels are known as a drug delivery system and have the potential to cover wounds and burns on the skin. Aloe barbadensis contains over 75 different bioactive compounds which are responsible for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In this study, the polyacrylamide-co-methylcellulose hydrogel containing Aloe barbadensis were developed. The extract was prepared from lyophilized Aloe barbadensis, using methanolic extraction, characterized by high performance liquid chromatography and incorporated into the hydrogels. These Aloe barbadensis hydrogels were characterized by degree of swelling, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal profiling using thermogravimetric analysis. The minimum inhibitory concentration test was done on the Aloe barbadensis extract to evaluate its antibacterial and antifungal activity in vitro. The Aloe barbadensis hydrogels and were shown to swell to almost 2000% of their original sizes. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the presence of bands characteristic of Aloe barbadensis and hydrogel polymers. The basic hydrogel showed greater thermal stability than the hydrogels with Aloe barbadensis. The minimum inhibitory concentration showed inhibition of the growth of S. aureus and Salmonella spp. at specific concentrations. The hydrogel therefore presents itself as an excellent potential curative cover of cutaneous lesions.
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Akaberi, Maryam, Zahra Sobhani, Behjat Javadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, and Seyed Ahmad Emami. "Therapeutic effects of Aloe spp. in traditional and modern medicine: A review." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 84 (December 2016): 759–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.096.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Aloe spp"
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Greengrass, Catherine. "The effects of leaf harvesting on the morphology, reproduction and sap production of the Cape Aloe (Aloe Ferox)." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26130.
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Harvesting of Aloeferox was estimated (in 1996) to bring in an annual income ofR4 million per year to rural communities alone - a vital source of income for full-time tappers who rely solely on Aloe ferox as their only form of financial survival. They are joined on occasion by casual-tappers who rely on tapping to supplement their incomes in times of hardship (Newton and Vaughan 1996). Landowner's also benefit by allowing harvesting on their land in exchange for a percentage of the harvest (Newton and Vaughan 1996). Trade in bitters sap or gel far outweighs that of other plant parts so care is taken by harvesters to keep the plants alive for future tapping. Leaves from only the lower third of the leaf rosette ( 10 - 15 leaves) are harvested, and 2 - 4 cm at the base of the leaves are left to prevent damage to vascular tissues (Newton and Vaughan 1996, Mac Farlane 2004). Populations are only harvested every 18 - 36 months allowing plants to recover from the loss of leaf material. Plants suffering from insect-infestation or disease are not harvested to avoid weakening the plant further and possibly causing death (Newton and Vaughan 1996). Effort is also made by landowners to relocate plants growing in areas they plan to transform and to monitor harvesting activities on their properties (Newton and Vaughan 1996). The vested interest in keeping the plants alive has inadvertently assured the preservation of populations at past harvesting levels although no formal conservation or resource management policy presently exists for A. ferox (Newton and Vaughan 1996). Effects of harvesting, which are not limited to the direct effect of leaf removal on the plant but include indirect effects - such as reduced reproductive output, reduced sap production and even trampling of recruits - have nonetheless raised concern for the long-term survival of populations (Newton and Vaughan 1996). This study addressed some of the indirect effects of harvesting on Aloe ferox on both population and individual plants levels. On the population level plant density, mortality, susceptibility to disease and sizeclass structure was compared between unharvested and harvested populations. On the individual plant level vegetative traits, flower production and sap production were compared between unharvested and harvested plants. One of few other studies on ecology of A. ferox by Hoffman (1988) assessed some of these characteristics for a population in Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
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Weiyang, C., A. Viljoen, J. Hammana, and z. Lu. "Intestinal Drug Transport Enhancement by Aloe vera." Planta Medica, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001728.
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Abstract
The effect of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Aloe barbadensis
Miller) gel and whole leaf extract on the permeability
of Caco-2 cell monolayers was determined.
Solutions of gel and the whole leaf extract
were applied to the cell monolayers, and the
transepithelial electrical resistance was monitored
for 2 hours, which was then continued for
another 2 hours after removal of the test solutions
to measure reversibility of the effect. The transport
of insulin in the presence and absence of the
A. vera gel and whole leaf extract solutionswas also
investigated. Both the A. vera gel and whole leaf
extract were able to significantly reduce the
transepithelial electrical resistance of the Caco-2
cell monolayers at concentrations above 0.5% w/
v and thereby showed the ability to open tight
junctions between adjacent cells. This effect was
fully reversible, as the electrical resistance of the
cell monolayers returned to the original value
upon removal of the test solutions. The A. vera
gel and whole leaf extract solutions significantly
enhanced the transport of insulin across the Caco-
2 cell monolayers compared with the control.
The results suggest that these plant products have
a high potential to be used as absorption enhancers
in novel dosage forms for drugs with poor
bioavailabilities when administered orally. On the
other hand, an uncontrolled increase in the bioavailability
of drugs that are taken simultaneously
with A. vera gel and whole leaf extract products
may result in adverse effects, and the potential
exists that toxic blood plasma levels may be
reached.
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Hamman, JH. "Composition and Applications of Aloe vera Leaf Gel." Molecules, 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000451.
Full textAbstract:
Many of the health benefits associated with Aloe vera have been attributed to
the polysaccharides contained in the gel of the leaves. These biological activities include promotion of wound healing, antifungal activity, hypoglycemic or antidiabetic effects antiinflammatory,
anticancer, immunomodulatory and gastroprotective properties. While the
known biological activities of A. vera will be briefly discussed, it is the aim of this review to further highlight recently discovered effects and applications of the leaf gel. These effects include the potential of whole leaf or inner fillet gel liquid preparations of A. vera
to enhance the intestinal absorption and bioavailability of co-administered compounds as well as enhancement of skin permeation. In addition, important pharmaceutical applications such as the use of the dried A. vera gel powder as an excipient in sustained release pharmaceutical dosage forms will be outlined.
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Ojewole, E., T. Govender, J. Esley-Smith, et al. "Investigating the Effect of Aloe vera Gel on the Buccal Permeability of Didanosine." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2012. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001725.
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Abstract
!
The buccal mucosal route offers several advantages
but the delivery of certain drugs can be limited
by low membrane permeability. This study
investigated the buccal permeability properties
of didanosine (ddI) and assessed the potential of
Aloe vera gel (AVgel) as a novel buccal permeation
enhancer. Permeation studies were performed
using Franz diffusion cells, and the drug was
quantified by UV spectroscopy. Histomorphological
evaluations were undertaken using light and
transmission electron microscopy. The permeability
of ddI was concentration-dependent, and
it did not have any adverse effects on the buccal
mucosae. A linear relationship (R2 = 0.9557) between
the concentrations and flux indicated passive
diffusion as the mechanism of drug transport.
AVgel at concentrations of 0.25 to 2%w/v enhanced
ddI permeability with enhancement ratios
from 5.09 (0.25%w/v) to 11.78 (2%w/v) but
decreased permeability at 4 and 6%w/v. Ultrastructural
analysis of the buccal mucosae treated
with phosphate buffer saline pH 7.4 (PBS), ddI/
PBS, and ddI/PBS/AVgel 0.5%w/v showed cells
with normal plasmalemma, well-developed cristae,
and nuclei with regular nuclear envelopes.
However, cells from 1, 2, and 6%w/v AVgel-treated
mucosae showed irregular nuclear outlines, increased
intercellular spacing, and plasmalemma
crenulations. This study demonstrates the potential
of AVgel as a buccal permeation enhancer for
ddI to improve anti-HIV and AIDS therapy.
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Zamagna, Luca. "Studio del powertrain per veicolo ibrido ad alte prestazioni." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19086/.
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Messahel, Ramzi. "ALE and SPH formulations for Fluid Structure Interaction : shock waves impact." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10022/document.
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Ce travail de thèse porte sur l’étude numérique de la propagation d’ondes de choc dans les écoulements compressibles multiphasiques et en interaction (fluide-structure). Deux approches sont étudiées pour la résolution numérique de la partie fluide : L’approche ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) et l’approche lagrangienne SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) ; la partie structure, quant à elle, est résolue par une approche classique EF (Éléments finis). L’étude des méthodes ALE et SPH constituent les deux principaux axes de recherche. La problématique des coups de bélier dans l’ingénierie nucléaire est abordée dans cette thèse. Lors d’un coup de bélier, les nombreuses réflexions d’ondes de choc dans les tuyauteries nucléaires peuvent faire baisser la pression de l’eau en dessous de sa pression de saturation et générer localement de la cavitation. Le modèle HEM (Homogeneous Equilibrium Model) de changement de phase proposé par Saurel et al. (1999) à trois équations est étudié et appliqué aux coups de bélier. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés aux données expérimentales. Malgré l’utilisation des techniques de renormalisation en SPH, des instabilités (oscillations numériques) se développent à l’interface entre les particules de matériaux différents. Ces instabilités restreignent l’utilisation des schémas SPH classiques pour des problèmes à faible ratio de densité. Afin de résoudre les problèmes de choc, le schéma proposé par Hu et Adams (2006) est adapté au régime fortement compressible en considérant le couplage entre la densité et la longueur de lissage. Les différents schémas SPH sont comparés entre eux pour les problèmes de chocs multiphasiques en 1-D et 2-D. Les résultats SPH sont validés avec la solution exacte pour les problèmes 1-D et la solution ALE pour les problèmes 2-D<br>This thesis focuses on the numerical study of the propagation of shock waves in compressible multiphase flows and fluid structure interaction. Two approaches are being studied for the numerical solution of the fluid part: the ALE approach (Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian) and the Lagrangian SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) approach; while the structure part is solved by a conventional FE (Finite Element). The numerical investigation of the ALE and SPH methods are the two main areas of research.Water Hammers phenomena occuring in nuclear industries are investigated in this thesis. During a Water Hammer, the shock waves reflections in nuclear piping may drop locally the water pressure below its saturation pressure and generate cavitation. The three equations HEM (Homogeneous Equilibrium Model) phase change model proposed by Saurel et al. (1999) is studied and applied to solve water hammers. The obtained results are compared with experimental data. Despite the use of renormalization techniques in SPH, instabilities (numerical oscillations) are developed at the interface between particles from different materials. These instabilities restrict the use of traditional SPH schemes to problems with low density ratio. In order to solve the shock problems in the compressible regime, the scheme originally proposed by Hu and Adams (2006) is adapted to fully compressible regime (FC-SPH) by considering the coupling between the density and the smoothing length. The different SPH schemes are compared for 1-D and 2-D multiphase shock problems. Validation is performed in comparison with exact solutions for 1-D problems and ALE solution for 2-D problems
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Wiehe, Henning. "Alte Form und neue Kommunikation : die Schriftform wesentlicher Verfahrenshandlungen /." Münster [u.a.] : Lit, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/334298598.pdf.
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Wahsha, Mohammad Ahmad Mutlak <1982>. "Biogeochimica degli elementi potenzialmente tossici: dai suoli alle piante ed alla catena alimentare : elementi per una valutazione del rischio per la salute umana." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/1202.
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I metalli pesanti sono presenti nell’ambiente in varie concentrazioni. Alcuni sono essenziali per le piante e gli animali e sono importanti, sia per la produzione di cibo, sia per la salute umana. L’aumento della concentrazione di elementi potenzialmente tossici, come i metalli pesanti, e il loro rilascio nell’ecosistema hanno raggiunto un livello talmente elevato in termini di impatti da rendere necessario il loro controllo. La contaminazione del suolo da metalli pesanti influenza notevolmente la qualità dell’ambiente. Come prova della tossicità causata dai metalli pesanti è stata studiata la perossidazione lipidica nelle piante. Sono stati prelevati dei campioni di suolo e di piante (tarassaco e salice) in una zona mineraria abbandonata nel Nord-Est Italia, e sono state determinate le concentrazioni di diversi metalli pesanti (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe e Mn). Lo studio ha evidenziato che lo stress ossidativo indotto dai metalli pesanti ha prodotto la generazione di radicali reattivi seguiti da un aumento della produzione di malondialdeide (MDA) di 41.64 µM nelle foglie di salice. La concentrazione di MDA nei tessuti differisce sia tra le specie, sia tra le parti della pianta. È stato osservato che la concentrazione di metalli nel suolo è correlata con l’aumento della concentrazione di MDA nelle piante. Inoltre, lo studio dei microartropodi del suolo (QBS-ar) ha mostrato un’elevata sensibilità alla contaminazione dei metalli. Combinando i risultati della concentrazione dei metalli, dell’attività enzimatica del suolo, del QBS-ar e della concentrazione di MDA è possibile affermare che le piante esaminate si dimostrano tolleranti all’inquinamento. Ciò suggerisce che potrebbero essere utilizzate nella phytoremediation di siti contaminati da metalli pesanti.<br>Heavy metals occur naturally in the ecosystem with large variations in concentration. Some of them are essential for plants and animals and are thus important for food production and to human health. Contamination by heavy metals in soils, however, may strongly affect also the environmental quality. Yet, when heavy metals concentration is elevated to a point higher than a safe threshold, they all become toxic. The over production of potentially toxic elements (such as heavy metals) and their release into the ecosystem has presently reached a level that their impact on the environment has to be kept under control. Monitoring HM toxicity to the environment and the human health, therefore, is needed. Lipid peroxidation caused by heavy metals in plants was investigated as a relevant bioassay of toxicity. Soils and wild plants (dandelion and willow) were collected from an abandoned mine area in northeast Italy, and the concentration of different heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn) were measured. Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress was evidenced by the generation of reactive radicals, followed by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) production up to 41.64 µM in willow leaves. We found that MDA concentration in plant tissues differed significantly among species and plant organs. The higher concentration of metal in soil corresponded with the higher concentration of MDA in the plant. Moreover, soil microarthropods (QBS-ar) evaluation demonstrated high sensitivity to metal contamination, together with the measurement of soil enzymatic activity, both being related with beneficial soil functions.The combined results of metal concentration, soil enzymatic activities, QBS-ar and MDA content show that the investigated plants are rather highly tolerant towards environmental pollution. This suggests that they could be useful in phytoremediation of metal contaminated sites.
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Renaut, Gilles-Alexis. "Schémas d'ordre élevé pour la méthode SPH-ALE appliquée à des simulations sur machines hydrauliques." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECDL0053/document.
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Ce travail traite des méthodes de calcul numérique pour les simulations hydrodynamiques appliquées principalement sur des produits développés par ANDRITZ HYDRO. Il s’agit ici de mettre en place des schémas d’ordre élevé pour des simulations CFD en utilisant le code de calcul ASPHODEL développé et utilisé par ANDRITZ HYDRO. Les principales motivations sont l’augmentation de la fiabilité des résultats de calculs numériques avec un coût de calcul raisonnable. Cette fiabilité s’exprime à travers l’augmentation de la précision et de la robustesse des schémas numériques. Le code de calcul ASPHODEL est basé sur la méthode sans maillage SPH-ALE. Mélange entre les volumes finis et la méthode SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics), la méthode SPH-ALE emploie un ensemble de points appelés particules servant à la discrétisation du domaine fluide. Elle permet en particulier de par son caractère sans maillage, un suivi des surfaces libres sans effort de calcul supplémentaire. Cet aspect est véritablement attrayant pour bon nombre d’applications industrielles notamment la simulation des écoulements à surface libre se produisant dans une turbine Pelton, mais également le remplissage d’une turbine Francis. Cependant, le bémol à cette méthode est son manque de précision spatiale. En effet les points de calcul étant mobiles, les opérateurs spatiaux doivent être en mesure de conserver leur précision et leur robustesse au cours du temps. La qualité des résultats en est du coup impactée, en particulier le champ de pression souvent excessivement bruité. La montée en ordre et l’amélioration de la consistance des opérateurs pour un vaste panel de configurations géométriques sont donc les enjeux de ce travail. En utilisant des outils inspirés par les volumes finis non-structurés, il est possible d’améliorer les opérateurs spatiaux. En effet, la montée en ordre ou p-raffinement peut notamment se faire avec des reconstructions d’ordres élevés pour évaluer les états aux interfaces des problèmes de Riemann. La sommation des flux numériques résolus par un solveur de Riemann est ensuite retravaillée pour obtenir un schéma numérique d’ordre global cohérent. Le même soucis de cohérence avec les schémas en temps doit d’ailleurs être pensé. Le gain de précision apporté par les schémas numériques d’ordre élevé est comparé avec un raffinement spatial, c’est à dire une augmentation du nombre des particules de taille plus petite, aussi appelé h-raffinement. La méthode SPH-ALE améliorée est ensuite testée sur des cas représentatifs des applications visées. En conclusion, les développements effectués dans cette étude ont été guidés par l’application en turbine Pelton principalement mais il va de soi qu’ils sont applicables à des écoulements sans surface libre dans les turbines Francis par exemple. Ce travail montre les possibilités d’une méthode sans maillage pour des cas d’écoulements complexes autour de géométrie tournantes<br>This work deals with numerical methods for hydrodynamic testing applied mainly on products developed by ANDRITZ HYDRO. This is to put in place high order schemes for CFD simulations using the ASPHODEL calculation code developed and used by ANDRITZ HYDRO. The main reasons are the increased reliability of the results of numerical calculations with a reasonable computational cost. This reliability is expressed through increasing the accuracy and robustness of numerical schemes. The ASPHODEL computer code is based on the meshfree method SPH-ALE. Mix between finite volume method and SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics), the SPH-ALE method uses a set of points called particles serving as the fluid domain discretization. It allows track free surfaces without additional computational effort. This is truly attractive for many industrial applications including the simulation of free surface flows occurring in a Pelton turbine, but also filling a Francis turbine. However, the downside of this method is its lack of spatial accuracy. Indeed calculation points are mobile, space operators must be able to keep their accuracy and robustness over time. The quality of results is impacted especially the pressure field is often excessively noisy. The rise in order and improving the consistency of the operators for a wide range of geometric configurations are the challenges of this work. Using tools inspired by the unstructured finite volume, it is possible to improve the spatial operators. Indeed, the increasing order or p-refinement particular can be done with reconstructions of high order to assess the conditions at the interfaces of Riemann problems. The summation of discret fluxes solved by Riemann solver is then reworked to obtain a coherent global order scheme. The same concern for consistency with temporal schemes should also be considered. The precision gain provided by numerical schemes of higher orders is compared with a spatial refinement ie an increase in the number of smaller particles ; also called h -refinement . Improved SPH -ALE method is then tested on representative cases of intended applications. In conclusion, the developments made in this study were guided in accordance mainly with the Pelton turbine but it goes without saying that they are applicable to non- free surface flows in Francis turbines for example. This work shows the possibilities of a free mesh method for cases of complex flow around rotating geometry
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Schurman, John Jackson. "Antibacterial Activity of Hydrogen Peroxide Against Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Spp. in Fruit Juices, Both Alone and in Combination With Organic Acids." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34302.
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The antibacterial efficacy of hydrogen peroxide treatments in four fruit juices was determined. Preservative free apple cider, white grape, and purple grape juice were inoculated with ~ 6.4 log CFU/ml of a five strain, acid adapted, nalidixic acid resistant E. coli O157:H7 cocktail. Orange juice was inoculated with a comparable Salmonella spp. cocktail. In the first study, 0.017% and 0.012% H2O2 was added in combination with 0.1% and 0.3% of the dominant organic acid (OA) to 4oC and 25oC juices, with samples taken each day for 21 days. H2O2 was a significant factor in all juices (p < 0.05) except white grape (lack of data), and both 0.017% H2O2 treatments reduced counts in apple cider, orange juice, and white grape to undetectable numbers within 48 hrs as cultured on tryptone soy agar + 0.05% nalidixic acid (TSAN). Treatments in purple grape juice were less effective overall, and more dependent on OA concentration (p < 0.001) than H2O2.
There were instances where bacterial survival in apple cider, purple grape, and orange juice continued for 21 days after treatment, and sometimes outlasted the control. These occurrences were dependent on temperature (25oC) and H2O2 (0.012%), but not on
OA. However, OA concentration was a significant factor (p < 0.05) overall in apple cider and purple grape juice, but not in orange juice.
In the second study, 0.015% and 0.03% H2O2 was added to 10, 25, and 40oC apple cider and orange juice inoculated with 6.4 log CFU/ml E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. respectively. Only 0.03% H2O2 was effective in reducing counts to undetectable numbers in both juices. However, both temperature and H2O2 were significant factors (p < 0.0001) in bacterial destruction, with 0.03% H2O2 at 40oC giving
undetectable numbers at < 3 and < 6 hours in orange juice and apple cider respectively.
It has been demonstrated that at ~ > 0.017%, H2O2 can provide a 5 log reduction of these pathogens in fruit juice. Increasing temperature and organic acid concentration can improve its rate of effectiveness in certain juices. However, sensory concerns may negate its use in some products.<br>Master of Science
Books on the topic "Aloe spp"
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Sandoval, Aurelio Pedroza. La sábila (Aloe spp.): Propiedades, manejo agronómico, proceso agroindustrial y de mercado. Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 2006.
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1927-, Benedict XVI Pope, ed. Lettera enciclica Spe Salvi del Sommo Pontefice Benedetto XVI ai vescovi ai presbiteri e ai diaconi alle persone consacrate e a tutti i fedeli laici sulla speranza cristiana. Libreria editrice Vaticana, 2007.
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Magal, Simha R. WileyPLUS Stand-Alone to Accompany SAP Simulations. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2009.
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Herings. Van alle markten thuis. Datawyse / Universitaire Pers Maastricht, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.26481/spe.20000616jjh.
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Vernooy, Kevin. Ritme zit in alle mensen. Maastricht University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26481/spe.20211112kv.
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Word, Jeffrey, and Simha R. Magal. WP Stand Alone Integrated Business Processes with ERP Systems. Wiley, 2011.
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Rudwaleit, Martin. Enthesitis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0054.
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Enthesitis is one of the key manifestations of spondyloarthritides (SpA) including ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis. Enthesitis can occur alone or in combination with peripheral arthritis, sacroiliitis, or spondylitis. The inflammatory process is typically located at the insertion of the enthesis or ligament to bone, often resulting in osteitis as well. Because of its anatomical and functional complexity the term 'enthesis organ' has been coined. Biomechanical stress applied to the enthesis seems to play an important role for the occurrence of enthesitis in genetically predisposed individuals. Ultrasound imaging of peripheral entheses reveals enthesis abnormalities including entheseal calcification, bony erosion, or bony proliferation. Power Doppler signals demonstrating increased vascularization of inflamed entheses at the insertional site appear to be the most characteristic finding for enthesitis, yet study results are conflicting. Enthesitis-related osteitis and enthesitis at the spine is best visualized by MRI. Enthesitis may resolve spontaneously or may run a chronic course. Standard treatment includes local steroid injections, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and physical therapy. There is little evidence for the efficacy of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in enthesitis. In contrast, anti-TNF agents have proven efficacy, and their use in treatment-resistant enthesitis is recommended in the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for the management of AS and axial SpA and in the EULAR recommendations for psoriatic arthritis.
Book chapters on the topic "Aloe spp"
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Reeves, Matt, Inés Ibáñez, Dana Blumenthal, et al. "Tools and Technologies for Quantifying Spread and Impacts of Invasive Species." In Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_11.
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AbstractThe need for tools and technologies for understanding and quantifying invasive species has never been greater. Rates of infestation vary on the species or organism being examined across the United States, and notable examples can be found. For example, from 2001 to 2003 alone, ash (Fraxinus spp.) mortality progressed at a rate of 12.97 km year −1 (Siegert et al. 2014), and cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is expected to increase dominance on 14% of Great Basin rangelands (Boyte et al. 2016). The magnitude and scope of problems that invasive species present suggest novel approaches for detection and management are needed, especially those that enable more cost-effective solutions. The advantages of using technologically advanced approaches and tools are numerous, and the quality and quantity of available information can be significantly enhanced by their use. They can also play a key role in development of decision-support systems; they are meant to be integrated with other systems, such as inventory and monitoring, because often the tools are applied after a species of interest has been detected and a threat has been identified. In addition, the inventory systems mentioned in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_10 are regularly used in calibrating and validating models and decision-support systems. For forested areas, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data are most commonly used (e.g., Václavík et al. 2015) given the long history of the program. In non-forested systems, national inventory datasets have not been around as long (see Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_10), but use of these data to calibrate and validate spatial models is growing. These inventory datasets include the National Resources Inventory (NRI) (e.g., Duniway et al. 2012) and the Assessment Inventory and Monitoring program (AIM) (e.g., McCord et al. 2017). Similarly, use of the Nonindigenous Aquatic Species (NAS) database is growing as well (e.g., Evangelista et al. 2017). The consistent protocols employed by these programs prove valuable for developing better tools, but the data they afford are generally limited for some tools because the sampling intensity is too low.
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"Biologically Active Compounds’ Search Among Aloe spp." In Temperate Horticulture for Sustainable Development and Environment. Apple Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351249393-23.
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Shrivastava, Snigdha, Alok Kumar Dixit, Pooja Dixit, and Amit Kumar Jha. "Ethnoveterinary Medicine for Gastrointestinal Parasitism in Goats." In Complementary and Alternative Medicine: One Health Perspective. FahumSci, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61748/cam.2023/002.
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Small ruminants are the backbone of rural communities as it serves as a source of food and income. The major challenge to smallholder farmers is the high prevalence of parasitic diseases since they are mainly reared in an extensive system. Ethnoveterinary medicine (EVM) deals with the application of traditional beliefs, knowledge, and practices to veterinary medicine, which is often associated with conventional wisdom, skills, methods, and practices that are transferred from generation to generation. Globally, the use of indigenous knowledge in conjunction with modern veterinary medicine as a remedy for parasitic diseases is well acknowledged by most farmers. In various countries, for the treatment of nematode parasite infections such as Strongylus, Parascaris, and Ascaris spp., leaves, dried flowers, and oil of certain plants are used like Nicotiana tabacum, Azadirachta indica, Annona squamosa, and Aloe latifolia, etc. The anthelmintic properties in these plants are due to certain substances that principally have activity against parasites whereas in some plants it is due to their secondary products like saponins, alkaloids, non-protein amino acids, tannins, and other polyphenols, lignins, glycosides. The exploration in the field of EVM is of major significance, as most of the farmers are unaware of vaccination and deworming of the animals and are inexperienced with systemic therapy. EVM has emerged as low-cost alternatives to allopathic drugs, so they are more likely to be used by peasant farmers to cure their livestock. Hence, the practice of EVM for the control of parasites is an important intervention for improving animal productivity.
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Crewe, Ivor, and Anthony King. "The SDP: A Study in Failure." In SDP. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198280507.003.0023.
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Abstract The brief history of the British Social Democratic party is one of failure. Roy Jenkins’ experimental plane began by soaring into the sky, then glided for a time, then crash-landed in a very muddy field. That was even before the crew bailed out and started fighting among themselves. The new party barely dented, let alone broke, the mould of British party politics. It did not obtain power on its own or hold the balance of power in a hung parliament. It did not displace the Labour party, or usher in multi-party politics, or bring electoral reform to the statute book, or even permanently alter the political agenda. The party system of today scarcely differs from that of the 1960s and 1970s, before the new party was formed.
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Khandelia, T., S. Ghosh, and B. K. Patel. "8 Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Involving Aldehydes for C(sp2)—C(sp2) Bond Formation." In Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-240-00126.
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AbstractAldehydes have been widely utilized as an acyl source for the construction of C(sp2)—C(sp2) bonds via cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) in an efficient and sustainable strategy. The aldehyde-based acylation is an important methodology for the synthesis of diaryl ketones, a significant motif in the field of agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and dyes. The process of C(sp2)—C(sp2) bond construction is accomplished under metal-free, transition-metal-mediated, or photochemical conditions. During the process, the oxidant alone, or in combination with transition metals, plays a crucial role. In this chapter, we have highlighted the advances made in this field, along with published reports and procedures.
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Trajkovski Jovan. "Review of Methods Available for Numerical Evaluation of Blast-Loaded Structures." In NATO Science for Peace and Security Series - D: Information and Communication Security. IOS Press, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-964-5-135.
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The Empirical ConWep, Multi-Material Arbitrary-Language-Euler (MM-ALE) and Smooth-Particle-Hydrodynamics (SPH) are most widely used methods for numerical evaluation of blast-loaded structures. They differ in the possibilities they offer, their computational efficiency as well as the required scientific and numerical knowledge for their proper and effective usage. They have their own advantages and disadvantages depending also on the structural geometry and its relative position with regard to the blast wave source location. In this paper, the results comparison of a detailed numerical examination using the ConWep, MM-ALE, and SPH methods is presented. The simulation tests were performed using armour steel plates in LS-DYNA. The comparison results showed that the ConWep and SPH methods offer better results and efficiency and require a lower level of user experience compared to the MM-ALE method. The results of this paper are important in the decision making process, when selecting an appropriate method for blast response analyses of structures.
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"11.-12. Neues zu Aurelia Demetria alias Ammonia (Neuedition von SPP I, S. 2 Nr. II und P. Harrauer 42)." In "... vor dem Papyrus sind alle gleich!", edited by Raimar Eberhard, Holger Kockelmann, Stefan Pfeiffer, and Maren Schentuleit. Walter de Gruyter, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110210002.134.
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Benedetti, Enrico, Pierpaolo Sileri, Angelika C. Gruessner, and Luca Cicalese. "Surgical complications of pancreas transplantation." In Pancreas and Islet Transplantation. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192632555.003.0013.
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Abstract Pancreas transplantation is currently considered an extremely effective therapeutic option for selected patients affected by type I diabetes. According to the International Pancreas Transplantation Registry 2000 Midyear Update [1], over 1400 pancreas transplants have been performed annually worldwide since 1995. In 1999, the majority of cases were simultaneous kidney and pancreas transplants (SPK, 86 per cent), followed by pancreas after kidney (PAK, 10 per cent), and pancreas transplant alone (PTA, 4 per cent). Current 1-year and 5-year patient survival rates exceed 90 and 80 per cent, respectively, without significant differences between the different procedures for cases performed between 1996 and July 2000. Pancreatic graft survival rates at 1 year were 84 per cent for SKP, 73 per cent for sequential PAK, and 70 percent for PTA. These excellent outcomes, much improved in comparison to older data, have been achieved due to a marked decrease in immunological graft loss and technical failures over the last 10 years. This chapter will focus on surgical complications after pancreas transplantation.
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Rogg, Jeffrey P. "Who Will Guard the Shadow Guardians?" In The Spy and the State. Oxford University PressNew York, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197678732.003.0018.
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Abstract A slow trickle of intelligence scandals in the 1960s became a flood and then a deluge by the early 1970s, culminating with a blockbuster Seymour Hersh exposé in the New York Times in December 1974. The CIA was not alone in these intelligence scandals. The FBI and NSA also engaged in intelligence operations that flouted American principles and civil liberties. The USIC therefore widened the fault line between intelligence and the public by seeming to prove true many of the myths and suspicions that Americans believed about intelligence. The United States had its cadre of shadow guardians, but it had failed to answer the age-old question: who will guard the guardians? After several lost opportunities, Congress finally resolved to give itself a permanent, legislated place in intelligence oversight. Chapter 17 covers the famous Church Committee hearings and the events of 1975, known as the “Year of Intelligence.”
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Sheffield, Frisbee C. C. "Psychic Pregnancy and Platonic Epistemology." In Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy. Oxford University PressOxford, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199245857.003.0001.
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Abstract It requires much care and knowledge to carry and nurture a child in the womb and to bring it to birth. A pig and a dog were arguing about successful delivery, when the dog said that she alone among the four-footed creatures delivers quickly. The pig answered, ‘But know when you say this that you give birth to blind offspring.’ The story shows that matters are judged not in terms of their spe&lt;‘d, but in terms of their perfection.
Conference papers on the topic "Aloe spp"
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Mohmmed SARHAN, Zina, Waleed Khalid AHMED, Somayyeh RAZZAGHI, and Shimal younis ABDUL-HADI. "EVALUATION BIOCONTROL OF TRICHODERMA SPP. AGAINST MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA ON SUNFLOWER." In V. International Scientific Congress of Pure, Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress5-20.
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Sunflower disease Macrophomina phaseolina reduces yields by 35 percent in Iraq. The effectiveness of two species of Trichoderma against the disease was evaluated because there are no long-term control strategies and it is also difficult to eradicate it chemically. Using universal primer pairs, namely ITS, the Trichoderma species T.asperellum and T.longibrachitum molecular identities were verified. The results showed the highest reduction in the infection percentage and disease severity resulting in 21.07% and 0.18 compared to 74.65% and 0.74, in the presence of pathogen alone, respectively. and lead to an increase in seeds germination percentage, root and shoot dry weight were 93.55%,33.86, and 200.85 g, respectively, compared to 60.3%, 10.5 and 125.52 g, respectively, in the presence of pathogen alone, also increase in shoot and root heights were 127.3 and 14.8 cm respectively, compared to control 56.67 and 8.36cm, respectively.
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Vesenjak, Matej, Stephan Matthaei, Heiner Mu¨llerscho¨n, and Zoran Ren. "Fluid Models in LS-DYNA and Their Interaction With a Structure in Dynamic Simulations." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71557.
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The paper outlines different approaches to fluid-structure interaction modelling in LS-DYNA. Different formulations (Lagrange, Euler, ALE and SPH) are evaluated and compared with experimental observations of a fluid sloshing problem in a simple container box. Computational simulations have shown that the motion of the fluid can be best described also with the ALE and SPH methods in LS-DYNA. Additionally, such methods are very economical and suitable for analyses of large and more complex models.
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Othman, Zulkifli, Shahril Irwan Sulaiman, Ismail Musirin, Ahmad Maliki Omar, and Sulaiman Shaari. "Optimal design of stand alone photovoltaic system using evolutionary programming." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Systems, Process and Control (ICSPC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spc.2016.7920729.
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Simões Barbosa, Marcos Paulo, CARMEM NASCIMENTO, Ronaldo Silva Paixão, Waldemir Passos Martins, and Valter Alves de Meneses. "Sustainable use of Aloe vera oil against corrosion in copper-containing refrigeration systems." In 27th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering. ABCM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2023.cob2023-0225.
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Yamagata, Nobuki, Yuzuru Sakai, and Pedro Marcal. "Elastic-Plastic and Frature Analysis of Mobile Phones Using SPH." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93614.
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Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) was invented by Lucy[1], Monaghan and Gingold [2] for gas dynamics problems in astrophysics and extended to treat solid continua in this decade[3]]. The SPH technique uses no underlying grid — it is a pure Lagrangian particle method. The absence of a mesh and the calculation of interactions among particles based on their separation alone that large deformations can be computed without difficulty. It is for this reason that SPH has the potential to be a valuable computational tool. In this paper we have been using the SPH algorithm to compute the structural analysis of the mobile phones without mesh data. Using the visualization software MPAVE the particle distributions for the mobile phone could be easily produced in 3 dimensions and the elastic-plastic analysis and the fracture analysis have been performed effectively. The results show the possibility for practical use of a particle method to 3 dimensional structural analysis of the usual industrial products.
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Barsotti, Matt, Eddie O’Hare, Eric Sammarco, James G. Rasico, David Gerst, and Craig A. Newman. "ACCURATE LAND MINE MODELING USING FEM & SPH WITH MODIFIED SMOOTHING LENGTH." In 2024 NDIA Michigan Chapter Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium. National Defense Industrial Association, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-3647.
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<title>ABSTRACT</title> <p>Accurate land mine modeling has been the subject of substantial research over the past 15 years. Many methods have been investigated using various computational codes, and LS-DYNA remains a popular choice because of its capabilities for modeling full armored vehicles. Prior research discloses a range of strategies that have been utilized, including various numerical methods such as FEM, ALE, SPH, and DEM. This paper discusses a hybrid FEM-SPH land mine modeling approach using LS-DYNA that provides high accuracy at reasonable computational expense. While stable and phenomenologically correct, accuracy issues persisted with this approach, which tended to produce the typical SPH under-prediction of impulse. However, adjusting two key parameters– smoothing length and coefficient of restitution– were found to resolve the impulse under-prediction. The final land mine modeling strategy provided an accurate all-Lagrangian approach for application to full-scale vehicle models in LS-DYNA, whose predictive accuracy rivals that of the ALE.</p>
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Collé, Anthony, Jérôme Limido, Thomas Unfer, and Jean-Paul Vila. "An Accurate SPH Scheme for Hypervelocity Impact Modeling." In 2019 15th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/hvis2019-078.
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Abstract We focus in this paper on the use of a meshless numerical method called Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), to solve fragmentation issues as Hyper Velocity Impact (HVI). Contrary to classical grid-based methods, SPH does not need any opening criteria which makes it naturally well suited to handle material failure. Nevertheless, SPH schemes suffer from well-known instabilities questioning their accuracy and activating nonphysical processes as numerical fragmentation. Many stabilizing tools are available in the literature based for instance on dissipative terms, artificial repulsive forces, stress points or Particle Shifting Techniques (PST). However, they either raise conservation and consistency issues, or drastically increase the computation times. It limits then their effectiveness as well as their industrial application. To achieve robust and consistent stabilization, we propose an alternative scheme called γ -SPH-ALE. Firstly implemented to solve Monophasic Barotropic flows, it is secondly extended to the solid dynamics. Particularly, based on the ALE framework, its governing equations include advective terms allowing an arbitrary description of motion. Thus, in addition of accounting for a stabilizing low-Mach scheme, a PST is implemented through the arbitrary transport velocity field, the asset of ALE formulations. Through a nonlinear stability analysis, CFL-like conditions are formulated ensuring the scheme conservativity, robustness, stability and consistency. Besides, stability intervals are defined for the scheme parameters determining entirely the stability field. Its implementation on several test cases reveals particularly that the proposed scheme faithfully reproduces the strain localization in adiabatic shear bands, a precursor to failure. By preventing spurious oscillations in elastic waves and correcting the so-called tensile instability, it increases both stability and accuracy with respect to classical approaches.
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Cook, William S. "Technology Alone is Not the Answer." In SPE/EPA Exploration and Production Environmental Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/37895-ms.
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Jones, John F., and Robert D. Barree. "Mechanical Stability Analysis from Drilling Data Alone." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/36443-ms.
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Squibb, Carson, and Michael Philen. "Design and Testing of a Variable Stiffness Honeycomb Composite." In ASME 2022 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2022-90788.
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Abstract Shape Memory Polymer (SMPs) have been of interest for use in morphing structures. Owing to their low cost and density, large stiffness change in excess of 1000X, and easy tailorability, they are an attractive option as a variable stiffness material and in variable stiffness structures. One limitation of these polymers, however, is that they are generally too compliant for high force applications, with maximum moduli less than 3 GPa. It is of interest then to develop methods to increase the modulus of these materials while preserving their stiffness change. In this research a novel multimaterial smart carbon fiber honeycomb is designed as a reinforcement for a styrene SMP infill, creating a variable modulus honeycomb composite. A unit cell finite element model is created, and parametric studies are completed to explore the design space of the composite. Selected cell geometries are fabricated and tested to validate the fabrication method and determine their the in-plane effective modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and stiffness change through SMP activation. The results find increases in modulus over the SMP alone of up to 400%, and modulus close to those of the SMP are found to be possible. Modulus changes of nearly 450X are demonstrated, which is found to be an underprediction owing to experimental uncertainty. The predicted and measured performance of this type of composite, along with the ease of tailoring the cell geometry, represent a potentially attractive option for variable stiffness SMP composites and morphing structures.
Reports on the topic "Aloe spp"
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Tumwasorn, Somying, and Asada Leelahavanichkul. Effect of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium on the inhibition of Clostridium difficile in mouse infection model. Chulalongkorn University, 2018. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2018.25.
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Clostridium difficile is a major cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis in patients with broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. A disruption of the gut microbiota by using antibiotics results in colonization with C. difficile and release of toxins that cause leaky gut and the production inflammatory cytokines. We identified six specific strains of Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium are able to reduce leaky gut and inflammation caused by C. difficile in vitro. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of these strains either alone or in combination on the inhibition of C. difficile infection in a C57BL/6 mouse model. The administration of L. rhamnosus L34 (1x10⁶ cells) for 4 days at the day of clindamycin injection to the day before sacrifice (D-1 to D2) reduced mortality, body weight change, diarrhea, gut leakage and pathology of mice and also suppressed the production of tissue and systemic inflammatory cytokines including MIP-2, KC, IL-1β and TNF-α. The administration of 1x10⁸ cells of L. casei L39, L. casei B13, L. casei B106, B. bifidum NB42 or B. pseudocatenulatum NB48 alone reduced mortality, body weight change and diarrhea in mice. L. casei L39, L. casei B13 and L. casei 106 administration also reduced the production of some tissue and systemic inflammatory cytokines. The effect of Bifidobacterium spp. on cytokine production was not determined yet. Only Lacto cocktail (L. rhamnosus L34 and L. casei L39) attenuated the disease severity whereas Bifido cocktail (B. bifidum NB42 or B. pseudocatenulatum NB48) or Lacto-Bifido cocktail (L. rhamnosus L34, L. casei L39, B. bifidum NB42, B. pseudocatenulatum NB48) did not. These strains are promising probiotics for C. difficile infection.
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Willis, C., F. Jorgensen, S. A. Cawthraw, et al. A survey of Salmonella, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and antimicrobial resistance in frozen, part-cooked, breaded or battered poultry products on retail sale in the United Kingdom. Food Standards Agency, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xvu389.
Full textAbstract:
Frozen, breaded, ready-to-cook chicken products have been implicated in outbreaks of salmonellosis. Some of these outbreaks can be large. For example, one outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis involved 193 people in nine countries between 2018 and 2020, of which 122 cases were in the UK. These ready-to-cook products have a browned, cooked external appearance, which may be perceived as ready-to-eat, leading to mishandling or undercooking by consumers. Continuing concerns about these products led FSA to initiate a short-term (four month), cross-sectional surveillance study undertaken in 2021 to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in frozen, breaded or battered chicken products on retail sale in the UK. This study sought to obtain data on AMR levels in Salmonella and E. coli in these products, in line with a number of other FSA instigated studies of the incidence and nature of AMR in the UK food chain, for example, the systematic review (2016). Between the beginning of April and the end of July 2021, 310 samples of frozen, breaded or battered chicken products containing either raw or partly cooked chicken, were collected using representative sampling of retailers in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland based on market share data. Samples included domestically produced and imported chicken products and were tested for E. coli (including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, colistin-resistant and carbapenem-resistant E. coli) and Salmonella spp. One isolate of each bacterial type from each contaminated sample was randomly selected for additional AMR testing to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a range of antimicrobials. More detailed analysis based on Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data was used to further characterise Salmonella spp. isolates and allow the identification of potential links with human isolates. Salmonella spp. were detected in 5 (1.6%) of the 310 samples and identified as Salmonella Infantis (in three samples) and S. Java (in two samples). One of the S. Infantis isolates fell into the same genetic cluster as S. Infantis isolates from three recent human cases of infection; the second fell into another cluster containing two recent cases of infection. Countries of origin recorded on the packaging of the five Salmonella contaminated samples were Hungary (n=1), Ireland (n=2) and the UK (n=2). One S. Infantis isolate was multi-drug resistant (i.e. resistant to three different classes of antimicrobials), while the other Salmonella isolates were each resistant to at least one of the classes of antimicrobials tested. E. coli was detected in 113 samples (36.4%), with counts ranging from <3 to >1100 MPN (Most Probable Number)/g. Almost half of the E. coli isolates (44.5%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. Multi-drug resistance was detected in 20.0% of E. coli isolates. E. coli isolates demonstrating the ESBL (but not AmpC) phenotype were detected in 15 of the 310 samples (4.8%) and the AmpC phenotype alone was detected in two of the 310 samples (0.6%) of chicken samples. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing showed that five of the 15 (33.3%) ESBL-producing E. coli carried blaCTX-M genes (CTX-M-1, CTX-M-55 or CTX-M-15), which confer resistance to third generation cephalosporin antimicrobials. One E. coli isolate demonstrated resistance to colistin and was found to possess the mcr-1 gene. The five Salmonella-positive samples recovered from this study, and 20 similar Salmonella-positive samples from a previous UKHSA (2020/2021) study (which had been stored frozen), were subjected to the cooking procedures described on the sample product packaging for fan assisted ovens. No Salmonella were detected in any of these 25 samples after cooking. The current survey provides evidence of the presence of Salmonella in frozen, breaded and battered chicken products in the UK food chain, although at a considerably lower incidence than reported in an earlier (2020/2021) study carried out by PHE/UKHSA as part of an outbreak investigation where Salmonella prevalence was found to be 8.8%. The current survey also provides data on the prevalence of specified AMR bacteria found in the tested chicken products on retail sale in the UK. It will contribute to monitoring trends in AMR prevalence over time within the UK, support comparisons with data from other countries, and provide a baseline against which to monitor the impact of future interventions. While AMR activity was observed in some of the E. coli and Salmonella spp. examined in this study, the risk of acquiring AMR bacteria from consumption of these processed chicken products is low if the products are cooked thoroughly and handled hygienically.
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Spiegel, Yitzhak, Michael McClure, Itzhak Kahane, and B. M. Zuckerman. Characterization of the Phytophagous Nematode Surface Coat to Provide New Strategies for Biocontrol. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613015.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Chemical composition and biological role of the surface coat (SC) of the root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. are described. SC proteins of M. incognita race 3 infective juveniles (J2) were characterized by electrophoresis and western blotting of extracts from radioiodine and biotin-labelled nematodes. J2 labelled with radioiodine and biotin released 125I and biotin-labelled molecules into water after 20 hours incubation, indicating that SC proteins may be loosely attached to the nematode. Antiserum to the principal protein reacted with the surface of live J2 and with surface proteins previously separated by electrophoresis. Human red blood cells (HRBC) adhered to J2 of several tylenchid nematodes over the entire nematode body. HRBC adhered also to nylon fibers coated with SC extracted from M. javanica J2; binding was Ca++/Mg++ dependent, and decreased when the nylon fibers were coated with bovine serum albumin, or pre-incubated with fucose and mannose. These experiments support a working hypothesis that RBC adhesion involves carbohydrate moieties of HRBC and carbohydrate-recognition domain(s) (CRD) distributed on the nematode surface. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a surface CRD i the phylum Nematoda. Gold-conjugated lectins and neoglycoproteins combined with silver enhancement have been used for the detection of carbohydrates and CRD, respectively, on the SC of M. javanica J2. Biotin reagents were used to trace surface proteins, specifically, on live J2. The labile and transitory nature of the SC was demonstrated by the dynamics of HRBC adherence to detergent-treated J2, J2 at different ages or fresh-hatched J2 held at various temperatures. SC recovery was demonstrated also by a SDS-PAGE profile. Monoclonal antibodies developed to a cuticular protein of M. incognita J2 gave a slight, but significant reduction in attachment of Pasteuria penetrans spores. Spore attachment as affected by several enzymes was inconsistent: alcian blue, which specifically blocks sulfyl groups, had no afffect on spore attachment. Treatment with cationized ferritin alone or catonized ferritin following monoclonal antibody caused significant decreases in spore attachment. Those results suggest a role in attachment by negatively charged groups.