Journal articles: 'Along waterfronts'

1

Mohamed, Badaruddin, and Nurbaidura Salim. "Preserving sense of place at historic waterfronts in malaysia." SHS Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 06004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184506004.

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Historical preservation is important to protect significant historic resources from destruction and inappropriate changes. Urban waterfronts are unique cultural resources that have its own identity, represent the lifestyle of surrounding communities. Over the years, the activities along the waterfront have changed along with city development, resulting in the loss of sense of place. In recent years, the agenda of preservation the cultural value of waterfront areas has been a research focus among the civil society and NGOs. However, in the midst of rapid development, this aspect is often overlooked and deteriorates the historical values of the place. At the same time, the quality of life of waterfront communities is also affected. This conceptual paper is a call for a set of actions to ensure that historical values at these places are protected. Through content analysis from previous literature reviews, this paper investigates how regeneration of historic waterfronts can help in preserving sense of place and improve the quality of life among waterfront communities. Findings from the literature revealed that contextual integration is important for successful redevelopment of historic waterfronts in order to preserve their sense of place.

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Du, Ming, and Yun Zhang. "The Organic Evolution of Chinese Traditional Urban Waterfronts: A Case Study of the Landscape of Slender West Lake." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 2788–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.2788.

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Despite little research of them, the landscapes of Slender West Lake underpin a significant and unique typology among the various Chinese traditional urban waterfronts. Although the name ‘Gardens of Yangzhou’ appears in 11th century, these gardens were referred and used as urban public landscape from the 18th century because of Grand Canal. The article explores the organic evolution of Chinese traditional urban waterfronts, through an investigation of historical events occurring along with the landscapes of Slender West Lake. As a Chinese traditional urban waterfront, its organic evolution was often based on the transformation of the experience of landscape. When the trip was more based on the river because of boats, the edge of the garden has become the focus point.

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Fan, Zhengxi, Jin Duan, Menglin Luo, Huanran Zhan, Mengru Liu, and Wangchongyu Peng. "How Did Built Environment Affect Urban Vitality in Urban Waterfronts? A Case Study in Nanjing Reach of Yangtze River." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10090611.

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The potential of urban waterfronts as vibrant urban spaces has become a focus of urban studies in recent years. However, few studies have examined the relationships between urban vitality and built environment characteristics in urban waterfronts. This study takes advantage of emerging urban big data and adopts hourly Baidu heat map (BHM) data as a proxy for portraying urban vitality along the Yangtze River in Nanjing. The impact of built environment on urban vitality in urban waterfronts is revealed with the ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models. The results show that (1) the distribution of urban vitality in urban waterfronts shows similar agglomeration characteristics on weekdays and weekends, and the identified vibrant cores tend to be the important city and town centers; (2) the building density has the strongest positive associations with urban vitality in urban waterfronts, while the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is negative; (3) the effects of the built environment on urban vitality in urban waterfronts have significant spatial variations. Our findings can provide meaningful guidance and implications for vitality-oriented urban waterfronts planning and redevelopment.

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4

Alarouj, Mutlaq, and Matthew David Jackson. "Numerical modeling of self-potential in heterogeneous reservoirs." GEOPHYSICS 87, no. 3 (February 23, 2022): E103—E120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2021-0265.1.

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Monitoring water movement toward production wells through downhole measurements of self-potential (SP) is a promising new technology. However, there are uncertainties about its applicability in heterogeneous, multilayered reservoirs. Using numerical modeling, we investigated the likely magnitude and behavior of SP during oil production supported by water injection in two different models of such reservoirs. We found that the magnitude of the SP signal that would be measured along a production well increased as water approached the well, exceeding an assumed noise level of 0.1 mV before water breakthrough. We also found that, in the reservoir models tested, the maximum value of SP at the well skewed toward the fastest waterfront before water breakthrough. The trend of SP increasing at the well with time, together with the shape of the SP profile, were the prime indicators used to investigate water movement. In the reservoir models tested, before water breakthrough the fastest approaching waterfront could be detected approximately 20 m away from the well. However, subsequent waterfronts approaching the well in other layers could not be detected before breakthrough. The effect of these later waterfronts on the SP profile at the well was only detectable at breakthrough. We attributed this to the fact that the SP generated in these layers is masked by the high SP created by the fastest waterfront. Our findings emphasized the importance of an enhanced understanding of reservoir geology and rock electrical properties for better prediction and interpretation of SP.

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5

Lipinski, Martin E., and David B. Clarke. "Resolution of Land Use and Port Access Conflicts at Inland Waterway Ports." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1522, no. 1 (January 1996): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196152200114.

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During the last two decades urban redevelopment of waterfronts has accelerated. The historical significance of these areas coupled with their unique visual amenities has resulted in major renewal efforts in many cities. The competition between the waterway navigation industry and redevelopment interests for scarce waterfront land has resulted in conflicts. Congestion along the access routes to existing ports and terminals has affected the efficient movement of goods to and from the waterfront. The results of an investigation into waterfront redevelopment issues and port and terminal landside-access conflicts are presented. There are many complex forces at work that affect the use of and access to waterfront land. Some of these forces are economic and involve uses of the waterfront that are the “best and highest,” one example of which is river-boat gaming. The surveys and case studies conducted identified many conflicts that have occurred. Guidelines have been developed that address some of the problems that arise during the development of waterfront development projects and planning of adequate transportation access. Application of these guidelines by waterway transportation interests, urban planners, transportation engineers, and community officials may alleviate some of the conflict and enhance the planning process.

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Ferguson, Laura E. "A Gateway without a Port: Making and Contesting San Francisco’s Early Waterfront." Journal of Urban History 44, no. 4 (March 22, 2018): 603–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144218759030.

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In the mid-nineteenth century, San Franciscans transformed a muddy cove and trading outpost into an American town and then global port. In their rush to build a port and a city, they created a socially, politically, and materially unstable foundation for their rapidly growing urban waterfront. This article argues that the development and growth of early San Francisco cannot be understood apart from its waterfront in general and its role as a port in particular, contributing to a relatively small literature on the relationship between cities and their ports in urban history. Tracing the legal contests over the tidelands, material construction of piers, rise of a vice district, and clashes with vigilante justice, this article examines the creation of San Francisco as a gateway city. It suggests how historians might recover the dynamic, entangled, and at times violent histories hidden beneath the sediments of time along all urban commercial waterfronts.

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7

MacDonald, Andrew. "To an Alien Mecca: Durban Port and its Waterfronts before 1914." Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies 5, no. 2 (January 20, 2022): 270–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/jiows.v5i2.110.

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Between 1860 and 1914, three to four million people passed along Durban’s waterfronts, most travelling to or from an industrialising hinterland that a colonial gatekeeper called a ‘Mecca for aliens.’ This article explores mass migration through Durban and the changes the phenomenon brought to the social world and built environments around the lagoon that forms today’s large container port. Using Immigration, Harbour Department and Water Police archives, it shows how the lagoon, until the mid-nineteenth century an obscure outlier in the Indian Ocean World, became deeply integrated with processes simultaneously underway across much of maritime Asia. After an introduction that places colonial Durban alongside the wider changes common to many Indian-Ocean ports, we set the scene with an overview of the lagoon’s deep precolonial past. The core argument then moves through several phases. First, economic and technological developments from the 1850s, designed to inflate cargo capacity, also intensified transoceanic migrant traffic. This generated a rich cultural heterogeneity on the lagoon’s fringes. Second, mass migration fueled a backlash among colonial authorities, who built an elaborate architecture of detention and surveillance around the inner shore. Third, some migrants subverted the new order by ‘jumping ship’ in creative ways, ensuring the waterfronts remained, for a time, unruly heterotopia. In these ways, Durban became a characteristic Indian Ocean port city. But Durban authorities introduced an unusual element: to the north they created a recreational beachfront for settler elites. This ultimately reorientated the city’s waterfront away from the lagoon to the open ocean, casting the former’s social history into the shadows.

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8

Den Hartog, Harry. "Shanghai’s Regenerated Industrial Waterfronts: Urban Lab for Sustainability Transitions?" Urban Planning 6, no. 3 (July 27, 2021): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i3.4194.

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In China, Shanghai often serves as a place to introduce and try out new ideas. This is certainly the case with experimental urban planning and design solutions and sustainability transitions. This article identifies and evaluates the role of pilot projects and demonstration zones along the Huangpu River. These clusters and zones are supposed to guide the urban regeneration of the former industrial waterfronts and to accelerate innovative development in Shanghai and the wider Yangtze Delta Region. The Huangpu River as a whole is considered an urban lab and a showcase of ecological civilisation policies, with a strong ‘people oriented’ focus on improving the overall quality and attractiveness of urban life. Following three decades of rapid urban expansion, Shanghai’s urban development model is shifting toward one that emphasizes densification and the reuse of existing elements. The motto of Shanghai’s latest master plan is “Striving for an Excellent Global City.” One of the pathways to realize this expectation is the creation of thematic clusters for creative industries, financial institutes, AI, and technology, media and telecommunication industries. These clusters are high-density investment projects meant to support and accelerate the transformation of Shanghai into a service economy. There are important similarities between these projects in Shanghai and the role of urban labs in theories of sustainability transitions. Drawing on these theories and those of ecological civilization, this article examines how these so-called ‘experimental’ urban megaprojects along the river contribute to Shanghai’s effort to take the lead in developing sustainable urban transitions.

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Wiedmann, Florian. "Residential High-Rise Clusters as a Contemporary Planning Challenge in Manama." Gremium 2, no. 4 (August 1, 2015): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.56039/rgn04a03.

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This paper analyzes the different roots of current residential high-rise clusters emerging in new city districts along the coast of Bahrain’s capital city Manama, and the resulting urban planning and design challenges. Since the local real-estate markets were liberalized in Bahrain in 2003, the population grew rapidly to more than one million inhabitants. Consequently, the housing demand increased rapidly due to extensive immigration. Many residential developments were however constructed for the upper spectrum of the real-estate market, due to speculative tendencies causing a raise in land value. The emerging high-rise clusters are developed along the various waterfronts of Manama on newly reclaimed land. This paper explores the spatial consequences of the recent boom in construction boom and the various challenges for architects and urban planners to enhance urban qualities.

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10

Wollmann, Cássio Arthur, Ismael Luiz Hoppe, João Paulo Assis Gobo, João Paulo Delapasse Simioni, Iago Turba Costa, Jakeline Baratto, and Salman Shooshtarian. "Thermo-Hygrometric Variability on Waterfronts in Negative Radiation Balance: A Case Study of Balneário Camboriú/SC, Brazil." Atmosphere 12, no. 11 (November 3, 2021): 1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111453.

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Extensive urbanization around the world has resulted in the consumption of massive vegetated areas and natural resources. To this end, one strategy for urban development is to consolidate urban areas. In Balneário Camboriú/SC, Brazil, this trend has transformed the city into a vertical built-up area on its coastal strip, accommodating a large amount of buildings both in terms of quantity and number of floors. This research aims to quantify the thermo-hygrometric fluctuation on the waterfront of Balneário Camboriú, in negative radiation balance. To acquire the data on air temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (RH), two mobile transects and measuring at two fixed points were made in a situation of negative radiation balance on 26 August 2019, in the winter period of the Southern Hemisphere. The collection work began at 06:00:00 a.m. (before sunrise, the peak of the negative radiation balance), on Atlântica Avenue (waterfront) and Brasil Avenue (parallel to the waterfront). It was verified that the Ta varied from 16.0 °C to 19.0 °C, and the RH remained over 80% during the entire route. At the meteorological shelters, the temperature presented a variation from 14.4 °C to 17.7 °C, and the RH ranged from 79.6% to 91.3% between the two points. The spatial variability in the Ta and RH along the paths travelled and at the fixed points is directly related to the land cover, represented especially by the buildings’ verticalization and data collection time.

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Fiedler, Klara, Morten Johansen, and Andreas G. Binder. "Preliminary Results and Research Perspectives on the Submerged Stone Age Sites in Storstrømmen, Denmark." Open Archaeology 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0231.

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Abstract This article gives an overview of the survey campaigns and excavations undertaken within an area of the sound Storstrømmen in southeast Denmark from 2014 to 2017. Before the construction of a new bridge over the sound, geophysical data from the bridge corridor and other areas affected by the development project were used to give a representation of the moraine till as a proxy for the submerged prehistoric topography, with the topographical interpretation serving as a base for appointing areas with high potential for finding well-preserved Mesolithic sites. Several new Mesolithic sites were found during test excavations. The sites are preserved at different depths in the channel and range in date over the entire Danish Mesolithic period. All sites are located along former waterfronts, and the majority showed good preservation for organic material. Four of the discovered sites have been subject to excavations. The sites are located at different elevations and have between them the potential of contributing to the understanding of the human response to the dramatic topographic and environmental change that took place in Storstrømmen during the Atlantic period as a consequence of the rising sea level.

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Al Zaabi, Yahya Hamad, and Genanew Bekele. "The House Price Dynamics and the Macro-Economy: an Empirical Perspective of UAE." International Conference on Advances in Business, Management and Law (ICABML) 2, no. 1 (February 3, 2019): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30585/icabml-cp.v2i1.209.

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Objective: The paper aims to examine house price drivers in Dubai, addressing the effect of internal and external factors afecting house prices Design/methedology/approach: Using the Hedonic price model, the study examined the implications of house size (space), the availability of bathrooms, bedrooms, waterfronts, and pool and cell phone towers within residential area as auxiliary determinant factors to housing price within developed cities by using the Hedonic Modelling. Also, study highlight the effect of the green strategies that been followed by developer on the housing prices. Findings: The study is expected to reveal results with significant ramifications for researchers, practitioners and policy makers. From a policy perspective, there is an obvious interest in understanding whether the price of housing is affected by different attributes differently along its distribution. Research limitations/implications: The data used in this study could be limited, and depends on information to be provided by the Dubai Land Department. There is a room for future research to include more data (such as on other house attributes such as house condition, plot numbers and configuration).

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13

Anonymous. "Along the waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 67, no. 45 (1986): 1308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo067i045p01308-05.

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Anonymous. "Along the waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 68, no. 15 (1987): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo068i015p00211-02.

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Anonymous. "Along the waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 69, no. 12 (1988): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo069i012p00170-02.

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Anonymous. "Along the waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 69, no. 34 (1988): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo069i034p00803-01.

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Anonymous. "Along the waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 71, no. 42 (1990): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo071i042p01150-01.

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Anonymous. "Along the waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 69, no. 42 (1988): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/88eo01154.

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Anonymous. "Along the waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 69, no. 51 (1988): 1650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/88eo01247.

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Anonymous. "Along the Waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 70, no. 29 (1989): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/89eo00224.

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Anonymous. "Along the Waterfront." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 70, no. 47 (1989): 1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/89eo00357.

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22

Kelsch, Paul, J. Kris Krider, and Jodi La Coe. "Reimagining Riverfront Access Along the George Washington Memorial Parkway." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2614, no. 1 (January 2017): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2614-03.

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This paper presents student proposals for redesigning the George Washington Memorial Parkway along the Rosslyn waterfront in Arlington, Virginia, as a case study in university and community partnerships. The George Washington Memorial Parkway, a registered historic landscape, lines the entire riverfront in Arlington, Virginia, and precludes most pedestrian access to the river, especially in Rosslyn, the most densely developed area adjacent to the waterfront. Landscape architecture and architecture students from the Washington Alexandria Architecture Center at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University examined the Rosslyn waterfront and proposed changes to the parkway as a means of accelerating community discussion about potential public access to the water. Six student projects that engage the parkway in various ways are presented, raising questions about historical integrity of the parkway and community access to the waterfront. The paper includes a discussion of the initial steps of Arlington County planners to engage a larger conversation about the work and the issues the projects raise and concludes with a discussion about the value and opportunities of collaboration between universities, communities, or public organizations.

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Filomena, Gabriele, Ed Manley, and Judith A. Verstegen. "Perception of urban subdivisions in pedestrian movement simulation." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): e0244099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244099.

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The perception of urban subdivisions, deriving from regionalisation processes and the identification of separating elements (barriers), has proven to dynamically shape peoples’ cognitive representations of space and route choice behaviour in cities. However, existing Agent-Based Models (ABMs) for pedestrian simulation have not accounted for these particular cognitive mapping processes. The aim of this paper is to explore the behaviour of pedestrian agents endowed with knowledge about urban subdivisions. Drawing from literature in spatial cognition, we adapted a region-based route choice model, which contemplates a high- and a local planning level, and advanced a barrier-based route choice model, wherein the influence of separating elements is manipulated. Finally, we combined these two approaches in a region-barrier based model. The patterns emerging from the movement of agents employing such approaches were examined in the city centres of London and Paris. The introduction of regions in the routing mechanisms reduced the unbalanced concentration of agents across the street network brought up by the widely employed least cumulative angular change model (-.08 Gini coefficient). The inclusion of barriers further raised the dispersal of the agents through secondary roads, while leading agents to walk along waterfronts and across parks; it also yielded a more regular usage of pedestrian roads. Moreover, the region- and the region-barrier based routes showed deviation ratio values from the road distance shortest path (region-based: 1.18 London, 1.16 Paris, region-barrier based: 1.43 London, 1.33 Paris) consistent with empirical observations from pedestrian behaviour research. A further evaluation of the model with macro-level observational data may enhance the understanding of pedestrian dynamics and help tuning the interplay amongst urban salient elements at the agent level. Yet, we consider the movement flows arising from our current implementation insightful for assessing the distribution of pedestrians and testing possible interventions for the design of legible and walkable spaces.

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Michelsen, Teresa C., Charles D. Boatman, Dale Norton, Curtis C. Ebbesmeyer, and Michael D. Francisco. "Transport of contaminants along the Seattle waterfront: effects of vessel traffic and waterfront construction activities." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 6-7 (March 1, 1998): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0729.

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Cleanup of contaminated sediments along the Seattle waterfront is complicated by uncertainty regarding sources of contamination and the interrelationship between point sources, non-point sources, vessel traffic, construction projects, and resuspension. The results of field studies are presented that address the potential for recontamination of sediments following proposed cleanup projects, the sources of contamination and their relative magnitudes, and the natural and anthropogenic processes that affect transport of contaminated sediments along the waterfront. The primary factors affecting the success of cleanup projects along the Seattle waterfront are identified as resuspension of contaminated sediments by propellor wash and construction activities, and subsequent transport of the suspended sediments by natural and vessel-induced currents to adjacent areas.

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Nikolić, Marko, and Milena Vukmirović. "Industrial heritage along Belgrade waterfront in planning documents." Arhitektura i urbanizam, no. 51 (2020): 86–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/a-u0-28961.

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The City of Belgrade is situated at the confluence of the Sava and Danube. Accordingly, this geographical position has strongly shaped Belgrade's strategic and geopolitical significance, as well as its identity. In the last two decades, the development of several mega-projects in the area of Belgrade waterfront has had a negative impact on the cultural heritage of Belgrade and its historical cityscape, affecting its urban morphology and typology. The reason for this is that urban regeneration is most often driven by economic interests, while the preservation of meaning and the memory of a place are neglected. Along with these processes, several civic initiatives have emerged that aim to prevent damage to the built heritage and to indicate the need for stronger involvement of citizens in the city's planning and development processes. In order to discontinue the tendency of being driven by economic interest and demonstrate a will to achieve further sustainable development, it is necessary to redefine the procedure for protecting valuable cultural heritage. This could be achieved by creating a new approach to protecting cultural heritage in the domain of urban design and planning, taking into account all the values, tradition, authenticity and identity of a place. Accordingly, the paper will focus on the issues of protecting Belgrade's waterfront heritage, its historical and urban context, its genesis, and its cultural and architectural characteristics. Furthermore, the possibilities for different approaches to the presentation and modern utilization of the abandoned and ruined waterfront heritage will be investigated, in order to define new, common procedures that will be in line with city development goals, citizen expectations and heritage protection measures.

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Ertan, Tuğçe, and Hamit Gokay Meric. "An Evaluation of the Nature of Public Spaces in the Private Realm over the Examples of Privately Owned Public Spaces in NYC." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v3i1.7-14.

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The designing and implementation of public spaces have a crucial role in the development of cities. A city’s success is generally based on the quality of its public spaces and it is a fact that public space is an elementary aspect of urban life. Moreover, one mandatory standard for big cities to function well is there to be a welcoming public space, where a number of urban activities can take place. According to the general notion, parks, streets, city squares, sidewalks, etc. can be included in public spaces. In addition to these, some indoor spaces such as below ground stories, plaza entrances and places like waterfronts or elevated structures with new functions have been considered as public space nowadays. In order to create, design and finance public spaces, sometimes private organizations and public governmental bodies cooperate. However, a game changer in the public and private realm was the 1961 zoning program of New York City Department of City Planning. This program gave permission to private developers build more floor space than they were allowed in exchange for supplying public spaces. As a result of this act, privately owned public spaces (POPS) were created blurring the definition of public space. Today there are more than five hundred POPS in NYC including indoor and outdoor spaces. This study will try to provide an analysis and general view of POPS as public spaces questioning the issues about their use, control and ownership. The criteria of successful urban design for public spaces and the role of governmental authorities in regulating and planning the public spaces will be discussed along with the boundaries and scope of public activities that can take place in public spaces. Finally, the question of whether the ownership of public space by private harms the concept of public space and the rights of citizens will be approached via different perspectives. After looking at the conceptual definitions of public space in literature and analyzing specific examples of POPS, this paper will attempt to come up with a functioning definition of public space in the private realm.

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Ertan, Tuğçe, and Hamit Gokay Meric. "An Evaluation of the Nature of Public Spaces in the Private Realm over the Examples of Privately Owned Public Spaces in NYC." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v3i1.p7-14.

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The designing and implementation of public spaces have a crucial role in the development of cities. A city’s success is generally based on the quality of its public spaces and it is a fact that public space is an elementary aspect of urban life. Moreover, one mandatory standard for big cities to function well is there to be a welcoming public space, where a number of urban activities can take place. According to the general notion, parks, streets, city squares, sidewalks, etc. can be included in public spaces. In addition to these, some indoor spaces such as below ground stories, plaza entrances and places like waterfronts or elevated structures with new functions have been considered as public space nowadays. In order to create, design and finance public spaces, sometimes private organizations and public governmental bodies cooperate. However, a game changer in the public and private realm was the 1961 zoning program of New York City Department of City Planning. This program gave permission to private developers build more floor space than they were allowed in exchange for supplying public spaces. As a result of this act, privately owned public spaces (POPS) were created blurring the definition of public space. Today there are more than five hundred POPS in NYC including indoor and outdoor spaces. This study will try to provide an analysis and general view of POPS as public spaces questioning the issues about their use, control and ownership. The criteria of successful urban design for public spaces and the role of governmental authorities in regulating and planning the public spaces will be discussed along with the boundaries and scope of public activities that can take place in public spaces. Finally, the question of whether the ownership of public space by private harms the concept of public space and the rights of citizens will be approached via different perspectives. After looking at the conceptual definitions of public space in literature and analyzing specific examples of POPS, this paper will attempt to come up with a functioning definition of public space in the private realm.

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Ertan, Tuğçe, and Hamit Gokay Meric. "An Evaluation of the Nature of Public Spaces in the Private Realm over the Examples of Privately Owned Public Spaces in NYC." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 7, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v7i1.p7-14.

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The designing and implementation of public spaces have a crucial role in the development of cities. A city’s success is generally based on the quality of its public spaces and it is a fact that public space is an elementary aspect of urban life. Moreover, one mandatory standard for big cities to function well is there to be a welcoming public space, where a number of urban activities can take place. According to the general notion, parks, streets, city squares, sidewalks, etc. can be included in public spaces. In addition to these, some indoor spaces such as below ground stories, plaza entrances and places like waterfronts or elevated structures with new functions have been considered as public space nowadays. In order to create, design and finance public spaces, sometimes private organizations and public governmental bodies cooperate. However, a game changer in the public and private realm was the 1961 zoning program of New York City Department of City Planning. This program gave permission to private developers build more floor space than they were allowed in exchange for supplying public spaces. As a result of this act, privately owned public spaces (POPS) were created blurring the definition of public space. Today there are more than five hundred POPS in NYC including indoor and outdoor spaces. This study will try to provide an analysis and general view of POPS as public spaces questioning the issues about their use, control and ownership. The criteria of successful urban design for public spaces and the role of governmental authorities in regulating and planning the public spaces will be discussed along with the boundaries and scope of public activities that can take place in public spaces. Finally, the question of whether the ownership of public space by private harms the concept of public space and the rights of citizens will be approached via different perspectives. After looking at the conceptual definitions of public space in literature and analyzing specific examples of POPS, this paper will attempt to come up with a functioning definition of public space in the private realm.

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Qian, Fang. "Planning for Low-Carbon Urban Waterfront: Discussion on the Spatial Morphology of Waterfront Based on Carbon Cycle Theory." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2999–3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2999.

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According to the carbon cycle theory, urban waterfront is a major district of carbon sink. Based on the analysis of impacts of urban morphology on the carbon budget of waterfront, it discusses the spatial morphology model of low-carbon urban waterfront. In addition, it puts forward forth ways to plan and design low-carbon spatial morphology of urban waterfront from carbon source, carbon sink and carbon flow: First, enlarge scale of green space to optimize carbon sink pool; secondly, increase the connectivity of water space with other green space and river system along the waterfront to improve the carbon sink ability of the waterfront; thirdly, traffic pattern is classified to organize the low energy consumption traffic spatial morphology; fourthly, keep high permeability of the interface system to desludge the carbon flow.

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Ghannoum, M. A., M. Al‐Sarawi, A. Abo Alyan, and B. Baca. "Microbiological water quality along the Kuwait waterfront project, Kuwait." International Journal of Environmental Studies 37, no. 1-2 (January 1991): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207239108710617.

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Fountain, Daniel. "Pier Groups: Art and Sex Along the New York Waterfront." QED: A Journal in GLBTQ Worldmaking 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/qed.7.1.0132.

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Dueker, M. Elias, Gregory O’Mullan, Joaquín Martínez Martínez, Andrew Juhl, and Kathleen Weathers. "Onshore Wind Speed Modulates Microbial Aerosols along an Urban Waterfront." Atmosphere 8, no. 12 (November 9, 2017): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos8110215.

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Chang, Yuan-Hsiou, Bing-Yu Wu, Tsai-Fu Chuang, and Hsiao-ling Lu. "The design method for concrete waterfront amphibian ladder along streams." Ecological Engineering 106 (September 2017): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.05.019.

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Abdul Latip, Nurul Syala, Shuhana Shamsudin, and Mohd Shahir Liew. "Functional Dimensions at 'Kuala Lumpur Waterfront'." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v1i1.164.

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The 'Kuala Lumpur Waterfront' may be unfamiliar to many. Kuala Lumpur is a city that originates at the confluence of two rivers, the Klang and Gombak Rivers. The waterfront used to be very busy with activities when it was once a trading post for the export of tin. This was once the lifeline of the city - its main mode of transportation. The activity at the waterfront has changed over the years along with the social, economic and physical development of the city. Many waterfront cities throughout the world have gone through similar changes when the mode of transportation changed from water to the motor system. A number of cities have made efforts to integrate the cities' activities with their water body. This research attempts to investigate the functional aspects at the Kuala Lumpur waterfront within the city centre in terms of its level of contextual integration with the urban rivers in the current context. The technique adopted for this research is field observations which include building use survey and time interval observation to investigate the Junctional aspects in ten demarcated zones along the Kuala Lumpur waterfront within the city centre. The research concluded with the finding that all the zones have medium level of contextual integration between the waterfront and the urban river in terms of its building use, which depends much on the continuity of activities, their positioning location, accessibility and the provision of space and facilities. © 2016 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v1i1.164 Keywords: Contextual integration, waterfront, urban river, activity

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Zheng, Wen Hui. "Study on Conceptual Planning of Waterfront District in Hanyang." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.167.

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Nowadays, urban construction is developing vigorously in China, planning and development of urban waterfront is more valued. The paper comprehensively elaborates conceptual detailed planning of urban waterfront in parrot islet from angles of project overview, detailed planning of integrated plot along the river, road system, functional district of river beach, night scene and lighting design, social and environmental benefits. Through analysis of the case, the paper attempts to explore effective work pattern and research method regarding planning of urban waterfront under new situation in order to achieve the aims of improving ecological environment, promoting sustainable development of the city, building characteristic landscape, and elevating artistic quality and level of the city.

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Rizky Annisa Lestari. "Typology of Waterfront Settlement in The Sibolahotang Street Balige." International Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 6, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijau.v6i1.8678.

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Based on bathymetric measurements (Lukman 2010) the circumference of Lake Toba is 428.7 km. Toba Samosir regency coastline length is 115.8 km or 24.7% of the total length of Lake Toba’s coastline. Balige district as the capital of Toba Samosir Regency has a density level of 49023 people/km2. With a large population and the highest density level in Toba Samosir regency, residential areas spread from the center to the outskirts of the Balige district. Along with technological advances in the current era of globalization, the potential for tourism in Indonesia is growing rapidly. Residents who live on the shores of Lake Toba compete in the tourism sector by establishing various types of inns, restaurants and various recreational areas along the shores of Lake Toba. Each waterfront settlement on Sibolahotang Street has different typology from one another waterfront settlement. By observing the waterfront settlement typology, this research is carried out so that an appropriate planning and designing towards the settlement can be done in the future

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Benson, E. "Rivers as urban landscapes: renaissance of the Waterfront." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 11 (June 1, 2002): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0380.

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The Lake Ontario Waterfront Trail, currently stretching 350 kilometres along the shore of Lake Ontario, Canada, links 26 communities, 184 natural areas, 161 parks and promenades, 84 marinas and yacht clubs, hundreds of historic places, fairs, museums, art galleries and festivals. The Waterfront Trail is a catalyst for a new attitude and way of thinking towards the Lake Ontario waterfront and its watersheds - one that integrates ecological health, economic vitality and a sense of community. Since it was launched in 1995, the Trail has accompanied the protection of the most valued elements of the waterfront, and the transformation of under-utilized and environmentally degraded lands to vibrant places with businesses and jobs, parks and recreational facilities, green spaces, natural habitats and cultural venues and attractions. It is through the Trail that people have been mobilized to improve the waterfront as they have rediscovered the shoreline and understood the interconnections, both natural and cultural, that are so vital to its health and vitality. The Waterfront Regeneration Trust is the not-for-profit charitable organization that has been leading this large-scale greenway initiative over the past 10 years. While much has been accomplished, there remains much to do to enhance and expand the greenway. This presentation will focus on the lessons we have learned over the past decade in our involvement with more than 100 projects and what those lessons mean for the next decade of waterfront regeneration.

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GABR, HISHAM S. "Perception of Urban Waterfront Aesthetics Along the Nile in Cairo, Egypt." Coastal Management 32, no. 2 (April 2004): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08920750490276191-1452.

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JOLLIFFE, I. "Recreation and conservation along the Metropolitan Toronto Waterfront, Lake Ontario, Canada." Ocean and Shoreline Management 11, no. 4-5 (1988): 341–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0951-8312(88)90013-6.

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Lee, Jung-A., Yoo-Kyoung Lee, Sang-Woo Lee, and Jin-Hyung Chon. "Landscape Resources Evaluation strategy of rural waterfront villages - An application to a rural waterfront village along the Han river -." Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning 17, no. 3 (September 30, 2011): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.7851/ksrp.2011.17.3.091.

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Kana, Timothy W., Mohammad Al-Sarawi, and Michael Holland. "DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF ARTIFICIAL BEACHES FOR THE KUWAIT WATERFRONT PROJECT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 20 (January 29, 1986): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.187.

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One of the largest recreational waterfront projects ever designed (Sasaki Associates, 1979) is located along 20 kilometers (km) of the City of Kuwait on the Arabian Gulf (Fig. 1). Planning and design were initiated in 1976, and the first phases of construction were completed in 1985. Amenities included artificial beaches, promenades, waterfront parks, and an artificial island. Extensive armoring has also been installed, ranging from 10-ton, dolosse breakwaters to large, quarry-stone revetments. Total investment in the first two phases is upwards of US $100 million.

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Scyphers, Steven B., Michael W. Beck, Kelsi L. Furman, Judy Haner, Lauren I. Josephs, Rebecca Lynskey, Andrew G. Keeler, et al. "A Waterfront View of Coastal Hazards: Contextualizing Relationships among Geographic Exposure, Shoreline Type, and Hazard Concerns among Coastal Residents." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 26, 2019): 6687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236687.

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Coastal communities exist on the front lines of diverse natural hazards and the growing impacts of climate change. While traditional strategies for dealing with coastal hazards have often involved the hardening or armoring of shorelines, more recent research and practice have demonstrated the value and cost-effectiveness of “living shorelines” and other ecosystem-based strategies for coastal protection. To explore potential relationships among geographic exposure (waterfront vs. inland), shoreline condition (armored vs. natural), and hazard concerns, we surveyed 583 waterfront and inland residents in the northern Gulf of Mexico. We found that overall concern for coastal hazards was similar across waterfront and inland residents, as well as among residents with both armored and natural shorelines. However, concern for specific hazards differed across these groups. Waterfront residents were significantly more concerned about major hurricanes and erosion than inland residents. Conversely, inland residents were more concerned with drought and flooding than waterfront residents. Among waterfront residents, specific hazard concerns were similar between residents with natural and armored shorelines with two key exceptions. Residents with armored shorelines reported higher concern for erosion and sea level rise than residents with natural shorelines. Our results suggest that armored shorelines do not necessarily alleviate concerns about coastal hazards. In the context of balancing social and ecological objectives in addressing coastal hazards or adapting to climate change, understanding the perceptions and behaviors of coastal residents is essential for conserving and protecting coastal ecosystems along residential shorelines.

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Caesarina, Hanny Maria. "Green Space Conceptual Design for the Neighbourhood of Settlements along Martapura River in Banjarmasin." Ruang 6, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ruang.6.1.1-10.

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Banjarmasin still struggles to improve the environmental quality of the settlements in some riparian areas that built directly above Martapura river. The settlements are densely populated with limited pathways without any open space. The local government implemented waterfront development to improve the environmental quality, such as a green village concept by installing some greeneries along the settlements to create a greener neighbourhood. The main problem was there were no available land for greenspace. The aim of this research was to design a conceptual design for green space along the river based on the evaluation of the existing condition after the green village concept already implemented. Series of field observations, interviews, and literature review was done to get an actual condition of the study area. The data analyzed with a descriptive-qualitative approach and resulted that the quality of the green space in the neighbourhood can be improved with a special green space design for the limited space. We produce a conceptual design that fulfil the criteria of green space for settlements along the Martapura river which are vertical garden, floating communal space and floating garden These concepts may suitable for green space in limited space and connected with the river as blue space

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Montero, Angel, M. Elias Dueker, and Gregory D. O’Mullan. "Culturable bioaerosols along an urban waterfront are primarily associated with coarse particles." PeerJ 4 (December 22, 2016): e2827. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2827.

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The source, characteristics and transport of viable microbial aerosols in urban centers are topics of significant environmental and public health concern. Recent studies have identified adjacent waterways, and especially polluted waterways, as an important source of microbial aerosols to urban air. The size of these aerosols influences how far they travel, their resistance to environmental stress, and their inhalation potential. In this study, we utilize a cascade impactor and aerosol particle monitor to characterize the size distribution of particles and culturable bacterial and fungal aerosols along the waterfront of a New York City embayment. We seek to address the potential contribution of bacterial aerosols from local sources and to determine how their number, size distribution, and taxonomic identity are affected by wind speed and wind direction (onshore vs. offshore). Total culturable microbial counts were higher under offshore winds (average of 778 CFU/m3± 67), with bacteria comprising the majority of colonies (58.5%), as compared to onshore winds (580 CFU/m3± 110) where fungi were dominant (87.7%). The majority of cultured bacteria and fungi sampled during both offshore winds (88%) and onshore winds (72%) were associated with coarse aerosols (>2.1 µm), indicative of production from local sources. There was a significant correlation (p < 0.05) of wind speed with both total and coarse culturable microbial aerosol concentrations. Taxonomic analysis, based on DNA sequencing, showed that Actinobacteria was the dominant phylum among aerosol isolates. In particular,StreptomycesandBacillus, both spore forming genera that are often soil-associated, were abundant under both offshore and onshore wind conditions. Comparisons of bacterial communities present in the bioaerosol sequence libraries revealed that particle size played an important role in microbial aerosol taxonomy. Onshore and offshore coarse libraries were found to be most similar. This study demonstrates that the majority of culturable bacterial aerosols along a New York City waterfront were associated with coarse aerosol particles, highlighting the importance of local sources, and that the taxonomy of culturable aerosol bacteria differed by size fraction and wind direction.

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Richman, Lisa A., and Susan I. Dreier. "Sediment Contamination in the St. Lawrence River Along the Cornwall, Ontario Waterfront." Journal of Great Lakes Research 27, no. 1 (January 2001): 60–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0380-1330(01)70623-5.

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Chiarappa, Michael J. "New York City's Oyster Barges: Architecture's Threshold Role along the Urban Waterfront." Buildings & Landscapes: Journal of the Vernacular Architecture Forum 14, no. 1 (2007): 84–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bdl.2007.0005.

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Dixon, Megan. "Seeking Ecology and Equity Along the Boise Greenbelt." Changing Societies & Personalities 6, no. 2 (July 11, 2022): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/csp.2022.6.2.179.

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As a pedestrian-friendly green landscape that has become popular in the US and around the world in the past fifty years, the Boise Greenbelt seems to present an ideal example of how to create a waterfront that can promote economic growth along with high recreational use. However, there are two aspects to interrogate as we ponder an effective model for such landscapes going into a future affected by climate change: first, like many such landscapes which focus on an esthetic leisure experience for the user, the Boise Greenbelt does not fully attend to the ecology of the river along which it lies; second, also as a feature of esthetic leisure experience, the Boise Greenbelt falls into a category of “park, café, riverwalk” which potentially reduces equity in use of urban space. Analysis of this landscape and its successes can help to shape a model that will be responsive to future climate conditions and enhance social equity.

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Halfon, Efraim, and Don Poulton. "Distribution of Chlorobenzenes, Pesticides and PCB Congeners in Lake Ontario Near the Toronto Waterfront." Water Quality Research Journal 27, no. 4 (November 1, 1992): 751–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1992.046.

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Abstract Concentrations of 89 toxic organic pollutants (25 contaminants, including chlorobenzenes and pesticides, and 64 PCB isomers) were measured in Lake Ontario along the Toronto Waterfront area during the spring, summer and fall of 1987. Data indicate that Humber Bay, the inner harbour, and the areas near the Toronto Main Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) are the most polluted. While contaminant levels in some offshore areas are high, average levels for most contaminants are similar to whole-lake levels. Lake Ontario receives large amounts of pollutants from atmospheric sources and the Niagara River. Consequently, the impact of both local and whole-lake sources is felt in the Toronto Waterfront Area. Thus, even if all local sources of pollution were removed, the Toronto Waterfront Area would probably remain affected by other sources, primarily the Niagara River. Concentrations of toxic pollutants would remain approximately the same as far as two kilometers from shore.

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Xavier, Louis Osvaldo, Felia Srinaga, and Alvar Mensana. "PENGEMBANGAN FUNGSI HUNIAN BERDASARKAN IDENTITAS LOKAL PADA AREA WATERFRONT DI PASAR LAMA TANGERANG." ATRIUM Jurnal Arsitektur 4, no. 2 (June 5, 2020): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21460/atrium.v4i2.23.

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Title: The Development of Residential District based on Local Identity on Waterfront Area at Pasar Lama Tangerang The waterfront edges along Cisadane river considered as one of the environmental assets in the area of Pasar Lama (Old Town Market) in the city of Tangerang. However, such valuable asset is neglected due to current urban planning issues specifically on the placement of residential district and land-use planning within Pasar Lama adjacent context. This might caused disintegration between the residential and the commercial areas as the objective of a city to create a sense of place– it’s also diminished the identity of Pasar Lama (Old Town Market) as a Chinatown on the banks of the Cisadane River. This research study aim to raise several questions, namely: what are the criteria for a proper residential neighborhood in the context of the waterfront area, what is the function of residential district that has its own particular identity and how does it suitable for the particular context of waterfront area in Pasar Lama (Old Town Market), and how does the concept of identity could be applied on the waterfront area, in the Tangerang’s Pasar Lama (Old Town Market). This research study based on data collected from literature studies, field observations and on-site interview. The literature study discuss the functions of identity for a residential district, waterfront area and Pasar Lama (Old Town Market). Field observation studies were carried out to examine the theory and analyze the function of residential neighborhood, building accessibility, supporting facilities for residential areas, and Pasar Lama (Old Town Market) identity. The results of this study are finding the residential functions in which aligned with the parameters on residential design in the waterfront area and the local identity of the Tangerang Pasar Lama (Old Town Market). It aims to make the Pasar Lama (Old Town Market) areas to create and establish the local identity reflecting tourism, commercial and residential neighborhood, in addition to the mixed-use development on the waterfront area around the banks of the Cisadane river. Lastly, this research study also attempt to re-configure the land- use planning as well as strategize on how to locate the residential district that supports the relationship to its adjacent commercial areas.

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Judd, Jonathan. "“Riffraff” On the Waterfront: A Critical Analysis of Labor Imagery on the Imagined Docks of the Hollywood Dream Factory, 1934–1937." Open Cultural Studies 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2020-0139.

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Abstract At the height of the Great Depression, the American Labor Movement was ascendant as union strongholds and the belief in the power of collective action and labor solidarity were re-asserted. The energy and activism along the west-coast waterfront fomented the resurgent movement. With the revitalization of the International Longshoremen’s Union in 1933 came a succession of events that captured the American populace’s attention, including mass demonstrations and coast-wide general strikes. With this surge of events on the west-coast waterfront, from 1934 to 1937, there was a corresponding flurry of imagery disseminated to the American populace using the west-coast waterfront as a constant backdrop. Thus, an examination of the issues posed and the reality suppressed by this imagery is a crucial part of understanding how collective action and union organization exist in American visual culture. A critical evaluation of the specific ways that these Hollywood portrayals do damage to the image and perception of organized labor will allow for a confrontation with the structures of power upheld and held in tension through the dissemination of these films. This study will involve a close analysis of the following films: Fog over Frisco, Wharf Angel, Waterfront Lady, Barbary Coast, Frisco Kid, San Francisco and Mannequin.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Along waterfronts'

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