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Almeida, Maiana Carneiro, Ricardo Romiti, Isabella Doche, Neusa Yuriko Sakai Valente, and Aline Donati. "Psoriatic scarring alopecia." Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 88, no. 6 suppl 1 (2013): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20132241.
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Psoriasis is a relatively frequent inflammatory dermatosis. Scarring alopecia due to scalp psoriasis was first reported in 1972, but few reports have been written since then, showing that this is a very rare complication of a common disorder. We report a young Brazilian woman with longstanding scalp psoriasis, which progressed to scaring alopecia.
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Iamsumang, Wimolsiri, Tueboon Sriphojanart, and Poonkiat Suchonwanit. "Psoriatic Alopecia in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus." Case Reports in Dermatology 9, no. 1 (2017): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000462958.
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Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent, and relatively common inflammatory dermatologic condition, which demonstrates various clinical manifestations including hair loss. It was once believed that alopecia was not a presentation of scalp psoriasis, but it is now widely accepted that psoriatic alopecia exists. Although the majority of patients get hair regrowth, it can potentially lead to permanent hair loss. Herein, we report a case of 26-year-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus who presented with scalp hair loss and nonpruritic scaly plaques on the scalp. Her clinical presentation, dermoscopic, and histopathologic findings were consistent with psoriatic alopecia. Additionally, we also described a novel scalp dermoscopic pattern of “patchy dotted vessels” which we detected in the lesion of scalp psoriasis.
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Wright, A. L., and A. G. Messenger. "Scarring alopecia in psoriasis." Acta Dermato-Venereologica 70, no. 2 (1990): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/0001555570156159.
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Scalp biopsies were taken from 3 patients with a scarring alopecia associated with severe scalp psoriasis. The histological findings in each case showed inflammatory destruction of the infundibular region of the hair follicle. The similarity of these changes in each case strongly suggests an association with the psoriasis.
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Cockayne, S. E., and A. G. Messenger. "Familial scarring alopecia associated with scalp psoriasis." British Journal of Dermatology 144, no. 2 (2001): 425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04046.x.
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Larson, Krista N., Jaclyn Smith, Leah A. Cardwell, and Steven R. Feldman. "Scalp psoriasis associated with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia." Journal of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery 21, no. 1 (2017): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdds.2016.08.002.
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Fuentelsaz-del Barrio, V., V. Parra-Blanco, P. Borregón-Nofuentes, and R. Suárez-Fernández. "Lipedematous Alopecia in a Patient With Scalp Psoriasis." Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) 103, no. 6 (2012): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adengl.2012.07.013.
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Divya, G., and Jayakar Thomas. "Twenty nail dystrophy with alopecia areata in an atopic child." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 5, no. 2 (2019): 416. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20191772.
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<p class="abstract">Twenty nail dystrophy mainly describes roughness of nail which can be idiopathic or it could be associated with various other dermatological conditions like psoriasis, alopecia areata and eczema. Here we report a case of twenty nail dystrophy with alopecia areata of scalp in a 6-year-old child.</p>
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Morgado, Francisca, and Rui Oliveira Soares. "Influência da Disbiose na Patologia do Couro Cabeludo." Journal of the Portuguese Society of Dermatology and Venereology 79, no. 4 (2021): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29021/spdv.79.4.1420.
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 In recent years, several studies have demonstrated the involvement of the intestinal microbiota in immune-mediated diseases such as diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and multiple sclerosis. There are few data on the follicular microbiome and its role in the pathogenesis of scalp diseases. Some studies show influence of dysbiosis on these diseases, and manipulation of the microbiome may represent a possible therapeu- tic option. This article reviews current knowledge regarding the impact of dysbiosis on dermatological diseases of the scalp, such as seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, alopecia areata, androgenetic alopecia, lichen planus pilaris, frontal fibrosing alopecia and decalvant folliculitis. A broader understanding of this may suggest additional treatments beyond conventional therapies.
 
 
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Sushama Narlewad and D.V. Hange. "Ayurvedic management of Alopecia Areata - A Single Case Study." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 8, no. 12 (2024): 284–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.8.12.43.
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Alopecia areata is defined as patches of hair loss on the scalp. It is considered a psychosomatic disorder in present era. Today, the young generation is more likely to be victims of Alopecia areata, based on clinical grounds. There are many causes of alopecia areata, such as fungal infection, dandruff, scalp psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, pediculosis, systemic disorders, autoimmune disorders, etc. It may also be seen as a side effect of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. A 16-year-old patient had patches of hair loss on his scalp. He had taken treatment with conventional modern medicine, but in vain. The patient was given Ayurvedic treatment for six months on an OPD basis, including Karanj oil for local application, Rakt Pachak Churna, Rasayan Churna, Aarogyavardhini Vati, and Jalaukavacharan (leech therapy). After a 3-months interval, regrowth of the hair was found. This study suggests that Shaman and Shodhan treatment can provide noteworthy relief in Alopecia areata, i.e., Indralupta.
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Todberg, Tanja, Nikolai Dyrberg Loft, and Claus Zachariae. "Improvement of Psoriasis, Psoriatic Arthritis, and Alopecia Universalis during Treatment with Tofacitinib: A Case Report." Case Reports in Dermatology 12, no. 2 (2020): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000508782.
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Alopecia areata (AA) is the most common immune-mediated hair loss disorder with a life-time prevalence of 2%. The pathogenesis of AA is not completely understood, but interferon gamma (INF-γ) and Janus kinases (JAK) may play a key role. Here, we present a case involving a male patient with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, who exhibited a rapid hair loss, diagnosed as AA, during ciclosporin treatment. As ciclosporin was unable to control his psoriasis, the treatment was changed to methotrexate injections, but the hair loss progressed into alopecia universalis. During treatment with the oral JAK inhibitor tofacitinib, the patient presented an almost complete hair remission on the scalp and partly on the eyebrows, eyelashes, beard, and chest. Furthermore, the patient experienced no joint complaints and his psoriasis was improved. Based on these findings, JAK inhibitors may be an optional treatment in complicated cases involving both rheumatological and dermatological diseases.
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Runne, U., and P. Kroneisen-Wiersma. "Psoriatic Alopecia: Acute and Chronic Hair Loss in 47 Patients with Scalp Psoriasis." Dermatology 185, no. 2 (1992): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000247418.
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Shalbaf, Mohammad, Adewonuola A. Alase, Anna Berekmeri, et al. "Plucked hair follicles from patients with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus show a disease-specific molecular signature." Lupus Science & Medicine 6, no. 1 (2019): e000328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2019-000328.
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ObjectiveWhen faced with clinical symptoms of scarring alopecia—the standard diagnostic pathway involves a scalp biopsy which is an invasive and expensive procedure. This project aimed to assess if plucked hair follicles (HFs) containing living epithelial cells can offer a non-invasive approach to diagnosing inflammatory scalp lesions.MethodsLesional and non-lesional HFs were extracted from the scalp of patients with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus (CDLE), psoriasis and healthy controls. RNA was isolated from plucked anagen HFs and microarray, as well as quantitative real-time PCR was performed.ResultsHere, we report that gene expression analysis of only a small number of HF plucked from lesional areas of the scalp is sufficient to differentiate CDLE from psoriasis lesions or healthy HF. The expression profile from CDLE HFs coincides with published profiles of CDLE from skin biopsy. Genes that were highly expressed in lesional CDLE corresponded to well-known histopathological diagnostic features of CDLE and included those related to apoptotic cell death, the interferon signature, complement components and CD8+ T-cell immune responses.ConclusionsWe therefore propose that information obtained from this non-invasive approach are sufficient to diagnose scalp lupus erythematosus. Once validated in routine clinical settings and compared with other scarring alopecias, this rapid and non-invasive approach will have great potential for paving the way for future diagnosis of inflammatory scalp lesions.
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Arushi, Jain, Meena Sanjay, Vyas Kapil, and Gupta Kalpana. "A Cross Sectional Study of Clinical Spectrum and Diagnostic Efficacy of Dermoscopy in Scalp Dermatoses at A Tertiary Care Centre in Southern Rajasthan." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 7 (2023): 920–27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11669443.
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<strong>Introduction: </strong>In human society, hair and scalp now play an important role in appearance and sexual signalling; original functional roles of protection and heat conservation are secondary and changes in the appearance of skin and hair affect self-esteem and confidence in social settings. <strong>Aims:</strong> To study the various clinical patterns and dermoscopic findings of scalp dermatoses in adults. <strong>Settings and Design:</strong> An observational cross-sectional study. <strong>Methods and Material:</strong> The study was undertaken from 1st January 2019 to 1st June 2020. All adult patients reporting to the Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur were evaluated for entry into the study and patients having scalp lesions were enrolled. A detailed history of all such patients was taken including general status of the patient, systemic diseases, medication used, precipitating factors such as sunlight, alcohol, smoking, drugs and trauma. Complete clinical and a thorough scalp examination along with dermoscopy was performed. <strong>Results: </strong>On studying the demographic profile of the patients with respect to the gender we found that out of 350 subjects, female and male comprised of 61.1% and 38.9% of the subjects respectively. Maximum subjects were in the second decade of the life with a mean age 35±10 years.14% followed by 31-40 years (22.86%). Most common scalp lesion was seborrheic capitis 131(37.4%) followed by psoriasis (83)23.7%. Telogen Effluvium, Androgenetic Alopecia and Alopecia Areata was found among 30(8.6%), 29 (8.3%) and27 (7.7%) of the subjects respectively. In dermoscopy findings among the study subjects most common findung is yellow scales with arborizing vessels in 119(34%) patients followed by red dots with silvery scales in 84(24%) and others findings are yellow dots, miniaturised hairs with single hair in follicular ostium, excalamation mark, yellow crusting, cerebreform pattern, peripilar casts, hypopigmented patches, broken hairs, nits, frogspawn appearance were observed. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study emphasizes the fact that many of the common dermatoses can significantly involve the scalp and can have overlapping symptoms and presentation making the diagnosis difficult and dermoscopy is helpful for making diagnosis.
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Soylu, Secil, Murat Demiriz, and Ulker Gul. "Noncicatricial alopecia due to plaque-type psoriasis of the scalp." Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology 75, no. 1 (2009): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0378-6323.45232.
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Roy, Mrinmoy, and Anica Tasnim Protity. "Hair and Scalp Disease Detection using Machine Learning and Image Processing." European Journal of Information Technologies and Computer Science 3, no. 1 (2023): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/compute.2023.3.1.85.
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Almost 80 million Americans suffer from hair loss due to aging, stress, medication, or genetic makeup. Hair and scalp-related diseases often go unnoticed in the beginning. Sometimes, a patient cannot differentiate between hair loss and regular hair fall. Diagnosing hair-related diseases is time-consuming as it requires professional dermatologists to perform visual and medical tests. Because of that, the overall diagnosis gets delayed, which worsens the severity of the illness. Due to the image-processing ability, neural network-based applications are used in various sectors, especially healthcare and health informatics, to predict deadly diseases like cancers and tumors. These applications assist clinicians and patients and provide an initial insight into early-stage symptoms. In this study, we used a deep learning approach that successfully predicts three main types of hair loss and scalp-related diseases: alopecia, psoriasis, and folliculitis. However, limited study in this area, unavailability of a proper dataset, and degree of variety among the images scattered over the internet made the task challenging. 150 images were obtained from various sources and then preprocessed by denoising, image equalization, enhancement, and data balancing, thereby minimizing the error rate. After feeding the processed data into the 2D convolutional neural network (CNN) model, we obtained overall training accuracy of 96.2%, with a validation accuracy of 91.1%. The precision and recall score of alopecia, psoriasis, and folliculitis are 0.895, 0.846, and 1.0, respectively. We also created a dataset of the scalp images for future prospective researchers.
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Ambarchyan, Eduard T., Vladislav V. Ivanchikov, Anna L. Arakelyan та ін. "TNF-α Inhibitor-Induced Psoriasis and Psoriatic Alopecia in Adolescent with Ulcerative Colitis: Clinical Case". Current Pediatrics 22, № 5 (2023): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v22i5.2635.
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Background. Genetically engineered biological therapy has revolutionized the treatment of many chronic inflammatory diseases. It often allows to achieve significant clinical effect and improve the patient's quality of life. However, sometimes it leads to adverse events, and physicians encounter them more often. One of such side effects is paradoxical psoriasis (PP) that can be revealed during the therapy with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors. PP is the debut or exacerbation of pre-existing psoriasis.Clinical case description. Patient A., 17 years old, has suffered from ulcerative colitis since 2020; biological therapy with infliximab has been initiated in March 2022. Numerous rashes were revealed, as well as development of confluent alopecia foci on the background of scalp psoriatic damage, during the next hospitalization in December 2022. The patient was examined by dermatologist; diagnosis of PP was established according to the clinical picture and medical history. Skin rashes progressed and ulcerative colitis worsened (diarrheal syndrome, fecal calprotectin levels increased up to 526 μg/g) after cessation of infliximab therapy. Biological therapy with the inhibitor IL-12/23 (ustekinumab) was initiated due to the aggressive cutaneous pathological process and the aggravation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms. The gradual regression of rashes with the restoration of scalp hair growth and ulcerative colitis clinical and laboratory remission were noted during the treatment.Conclusion. PP is a rare complication that develops during therapy with TNF-α inhibitors, and it is most often observed in patients with IBD. In our case there was aggressive course of psoriasis with severe scalp lesion and hair loss (it is specific type of lesion in such patients). The ustekinumab, inhibitor IL-12/23, treatment efficacy correlates with the literature data on this drug successful use in both nosologies. Ustekinumab can be a first-line therapy in such pediatric patients. This clinical case is the first case in the Russian literature on effective management of PP and ulcerative colitis with ustekinumab in children.
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Klimi, Eleni. "Comorbidities of alopecia areata in infancy and childhood. A small descriptive study in a tertiary hospital in Greece." Our Dermatology Online 13, no. 1 (2022): 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.7241/ourd.20221.26.
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Sir, A small descriptive study in a tertiary hospital in Greece was conducted on the comorbidities of alopecia areata in infancy and childhood. Alopecia areata is a non-scarring alopecia of autoimmune origin linked also to genetic and environmental factors [1], affecting 2% of the general population and is considered a disease of young adults. Attempts have been made to detect the comorbidities in infants and children suffering from alopecia areata. Sorell Jennifer et al. established a strong association of alopecia areata with atopy, psoriasis thyroid disease, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis [2]. More recently, Comiz et al. [3] added anemia, obesity, vitamin D deficiency, hypothyroidism, vitiligo, psoriasis, hyperlipidemia, and depression to the list of the comorbidities detected in the pediatric population with alopecia areata. The purpose of the study was to detect the comorbidities in infants and children with alopecia areata in an outpatient dermatology clinic during a period of six years from 2013 through 2019. All those examined as outpatients and those hospitalized for several reasons in the pediatric ward who were diagnosed with alopecia areata were included in the study. Laboratory tests, a full blood count, and vitamin D, IgE, and thyroid tests were performed in the laboratories of our hospital. During these seven years, 71 patients were diagnosed with alopecia areata and 7 (approx. 10%) were children. Four (57.1%) were males, and the rest three were females. The males were aged 23 months, and 6-, 7-, and 11-years. The females were 2-, 7-, and 11-year-old. Clinical atopy confirmed by high levels of IgE in the serum was detected in two males and in all three females. Thyroid dysfunction, hypothyroidism, was only detected in one infant associated with atopy; this was in a 23-month-old who at the time of the diagnosis of alopecia areata was hospitalized with severe asthma. Vitamin D deficiency was found in one male patient. A family history of alopecia areata was found in only one male patient. A family history of atopy was reported in only one boy, aged 7 years. A family history of thyroid dysfunction was detected in two males 28%: The 23-month-old infant whose father suffered from hyperthyroidism and the 12-year-old male whose both parents suffered from hypothyroidism. A family history of rheumatoid arthritis was found in one female patient. All patients presented with a mild disease limited to the scalp at the time of diagnosis. No nail pitting was observed, and neither clinical signs of psoriasis, nor of vitiligo. Folliculitis of the scalp preceded the onset of alopecia areata in one of the females (Table 1). Although males comprised 57.1% of our cases, most studies have found a preponderance of females in the pediatric population with AA. Atopy was the most frequent comorbidity (5/7; 70%) and was more frequent in females; all three girls were atopic. The second most frequently found comorbidity was thyroid dysfunction, hypothyroidism., detected in one patient (14%). Vitamin D deficiency was noted in one (14%) patient. A family history of AA was found in one patient as well as a family history of atopy. A family history of thyroid dysfunction was found in two patients (28%). The precipitating factor in our case was staphylococcal infection of the scalp. Staphylococcus, probably acting as a super antigen, was observed in only one patient (14%). Both atopy and thyroid dysfunction should be sought for in pediatric patients with AA in this order.
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Wassef, Cindy, Adriana Lombardi, and Babar K. Rao. "Presence of Psoriasis in Areas of Balding in Patients with Both Androgenic Alopecia and Scalp Psoriasis." Psoriasis Forum 18a, no. 4 (2012): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/247553031218a00406.
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Starace, Michela, Francesca Pampaloni, Francesca Bruni, et al. "Alopecia in Patients with Collagen VI-Related Myopathies: A Novel/Unrecognized Scalp Phenotype." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7 (2023): 6678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076678.
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Collagen VI-related myopathies are characterized by severe muscle involvement and skin involvement (keratosis pilaris and impaired healing with the development of abnormal scars, especially keloids). Scalp involvement and hair loss have not been reported among cutaneous changes associated with collagen VI mutations. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical, trichoscopic, and histological findings of the scalp changes in patients affected by COL VI mutations and to estimate their prevalence. Patients with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy were enrolled and underwent clinical and trichoscopic examinations and a scalp biopsy for histopathology. Five patients were enrolled, and all complained of hair loss and scalp itching. One patient showed yellow interfollicular scales with erythema and dilated, branched vessels, and the histological findings were suggestive of scalp psoriasis. Two patients presented with scarring alopecia patches on the vertex area, and they were histologically diagnosed with folliculitis decalvans. The last two patients presented with scaling and hair thinning, but they were both diagnosed with folliculitis and perifolliculitis. Ten more patients answered to a “scalp involvement questionnaire”, and six of them confirmed to have or have had scalp disorders and/or itching. Scalp involvement can be associated with COL VI mutations and should be investigated.
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Criado, P. R., NeusA Y. S. Valente, N. S. Michalany, et al. "An unusual association between scalp psoriasis and ophiasic alopecia areata: the Renbök phenomenon." Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 32, no. 3 (2007): 320–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02351.x.
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Ferraresso, María Guillermina, María Luz Bollea Garlatti, Lourdes María Perez-Chada, Mariana Soledad Martin, and Luis Daniel Mazzuoccolo. "Certolizumab-Induced Paradoxical Psoriatic Alopecia." Journal of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis 5, no. 3 (2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2475530320928625.
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Introduction: Biologic drugs have revolutionized the treatment of chronic inflammatory immunologic diseases. However, their use is associated with adverse reactions, including paradoxical adverse events. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–associated psoriatic alopecia (TiAPA) is a paradoxical adverse event that has been rarely reported in the literature. Only 1 case secondary to certolizumab has been recently described. Case Presentation: We described a case of scalp alopecia secondary to certolizumab in a 27-year old female patient with Crohn disease. The skin biopsy showed psoriasiform changes and loss of sebaceous lobule compatible with TiAPA. The patient presented significant improvement in the clinical findings and hair regrowth after 4 weeks of treatment with clobetasol unguent 0.05% and discontinuation of certolizumab. Months later she received infliximab for her Crohn disease, achieving good control of the illness until today. Discussion: This is a paradoxical adverse event that has been rarely reported in the literature. Most of the cases were related with infliximab and adalimumab. There is no standard approach for the management of TNF inhibitor–induced psoriasis, but around 20% require discontinuation of treatment. Conclusions: The recognition of anti-TNF drug–induced alopecia has allowed description of a new form of alopecia, clinically and histologically mimicking primary psoriatic alopecia with the recently described finding of loss of sebaceous lobules. Recognizing this form of alopecia can enable effective treatment while allowing, in most cases, anti-TNF therapy to continue.
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Khan, Rumana, Shyam Govind Rathoriya, Rochit Singhal, Sandeep Sharma, and Ajay Kumar Dhurve. "Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Scalp Dermatosis at Tertiary Care Centre in Central India." National Journal of Medical Research 15, no. 02 (2025): 82–91. https://doi.org/10.55489/njmr.150220251049.
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Background: The human scalp, with its high follicular density and significant sebum production, is uniquely susceptible to a various dermatological condition. Common scalp disorders, including seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, tinea capitis, scalp folliculitis, and allergic contact dermatitis, each present with overlapping symptoms such as pruritus, scaling, inflammation, and hair loss, complicating accurate diagnosis and treatment. While global awareness of the impact on personal appearance and social interactions is increasing, research specifically focusing on scalp dermatoses in India remains limited. Methods and materials: This hospital-based observational study, conducted over one year (from September 2023- august 2024) with Institutional Ethics approval, aimed to investigate scalp dermatoses in patients from the Dermatology Outpatient Department. All patients with scalp disorders were included after informed consent, with a detailed history and physical examination conducted. Results: The study included 152 patients with scalp dermatoses, consisting of 90 males (59.2%) and 62 females (40.8%). The most affected age group was 21-30 years, accounting for 51.31% of cases (n=78). The parietal region was the most frequently affected area, seen in 64.4% of cases. Among the various scalp dermatoses, autoimmune conditions were the most prevalent (28.93%), with alopecia areata being the most common (22.36%). Conclusion: Scalp dermatoses are common and can significantly impact physical and mental health, lowering self-esteem and quality of life. Conditions like dandruff and alopecia cause visible changes, leading to emotional distress. This study highlights the need for accurate diagnosis and treatment to address both the physical and psychological aspects of these conditions.
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Lvov, A. N., A. D. Levina, and A. A. Skandaryan. "“Burning scalp” syndrome: relevance, place in clinical taxonomy and therapeutic approaches." Medical alphabet, no. 9 (July 20, 2024): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-9-25-30.
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One of the sensitive skin types is the “burning scalp” syndrome. It is the most expressed subjective symptom complex of tactile sensations in the projection of the skin of the scalp. The most common manifestations of this syndrome, which significantly reduces the quality of patient’s life, are burning, itching, pain, trichodynia, redness like flushing and persistent erythema, mild exfoliation and hair loss sometimes. The “burning scalp” formation is heterogeneous and can be associated with comorbid dermatoses (seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, rosacea, fungal and bacterial contamination, alopecia, etc.), organ and visceral pathology (diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, tumors of the central nervous system, paraneoplastic conditions, immunodeficiencies, etc.), psychosomatic abnormalities (conversion disorders, sensory hypochondria, somatoform pruritus) and environmental influences (aquagenic pruritus, ultraviolet radiation). Now, there are no general recommendations for the “burning scalp” treatment. For long-term accompanying treatment and prevention, therapeutic cosmetics that normalize the microbiome and have antipruritic and anti-inflammatory effects are promising.
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Kądziela, Marcelina. "Use of Botulinum Toxin in Dermatology." Journal of Applied Cosmetology 42, no. 1 (2024): of print. http://dx.doi.org/10.56609/jac.v42i1.317.
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Botulinum toxin (BoNT), initially approved for strabismus in 1989, has expanded its therapeutic applications into dermatology. This review assesses BoNT’s potential role in treating various dermatological conditions, including Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS), rosacea, androgenetic alopecia, plaque psoriasis, and primary hyperhidrosis. Studies suggest BoNT’s efficacy in HS, with reductions in inflammation and pain, yet controlled trials are necessary for conclusive evidence. In rosacea, BoNT injections mitigate erythema, but mechanistic understanding remains incomplete. Androgenetic alopecia studies reveal increased hair density following BoNT injections, possibly through dermal papilla modulation and scalp muscle relaxation. BoNT shows promise in plaque psoriasis, likely by mitigating neurogenic inflammation. In primary hyperhidrosis, BoNT significantly reduces sweat production and severity, offering a viable second-line treatment. Despite BoNT’s potential, its use requires caution due to associated risks. Dermatologists must balance on-label and off-label applications for optimal patient outcomes. While existing evidence underscores BoNT’s therapeutic potential, rigorous clinical trials are warranted to establish safety and efficacy definitively. Continued research is imperative to refine BoNT therapy and expand its dermatological applications. This review highlights the need for ongoing investigation and consensus-building to maximize BoNT’s benefits in dermatology.
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Vincenzi, Colombina, and Antonella Tosti. "Efficacy and Tolerability of a Shampoo Containing Broad-Spectrum Cannabidiol in the Treatment of Scalp Inflammation in Patients with Mild to Moderate Scalp Psoriasis or Seborrheic Dermatitis." Skin Appendage Disorders 6, no. 6 (2020): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000510896.
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<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Scalp inflammation is commonly associated with scalp psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis. It can aggravate the progression of androgenetic alopecia and cause troublesome itching and burning. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of a shampoo containing 0.075% broad-spectrum cannabidiol in 50 subjects with mild to moderate scalp psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Inflammation was assessed by evaluating the density of twisted/glomerular or arborizing vessels by trichoscopy using a 6-point scale at baseline and day 14. Symptoms of itching/burning sensation, clinical evaluation of erythema/scaling, overall tolerability, and subject satisfaction were evaluated using 10-point scales. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were significant reductions in arborizing vessel/twisted capillary inflammation and scaling by day 14. Severity scores reduced from 2.3 ± 0.1, 2.6 ± 0.1, and 3.6 ± 0.1, respectively, to 0.5 ± 0.05, 0.8 ± 0.05, and 0.6 ± 0.05 (all <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001). Symptom scores of itching and burning also reduced significantly from 6.9 ± 0.1 to 4.5 ± 0.1 to 1.5 ± 0.05 and 1.0 ± 0.05 (both <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001). Severity of erythema and scaling was also significantly reduced from 5.5 ± 0.1 and 7.0 ± 0.1, respectively, to 1.3 ± 0.05 and 1.6 ± 0.05 (both <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001). Tolerability and subject satisfaction were both excellent. There were no significant differences in treatment effect, tolerability, or subject satisfaction between men and women. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Replacing current shampooing practices with a broad-spectrum cannabidiol-containing shampoo significantly reduces both severity and symptoms of scalp inflammation within 2 weeks, with excellent tolerability and treatment satisfaction in subjects with mild to moderate scalp psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis.
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Amine, Ennaciri Mohamed, Maachi Malak, El Hallabi-Kettani Chaimae, et al. "Paradoxical Plaque Psoriasis on Infliximab in a Patient with Behçet's Disease." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 12, no. 12 (2024): 2056–60. https://doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2024.v12i12.013.
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TNF inhibitors are used in a number of diseases, including Behçet's disease and particularly its ophthalmological manifestations in cases of resistance or progression under conventional systemic treatments, notably corticosteroids. These TNF inhibitors are not without side effects, some of which are paradoxical in that they manifest themselves in diseases classically treated by these agents, such as psoriasis. Our case report is about a 25-year-old Behçet patient who received infliximab for corticoresistant uveitis. His uveitis has subsided but he developed a diffuse psoriasiform eruption 21 months after its introduction. Infliximab was discontinued and the patient was treated with emollients, dermocorticoids and phototherapy with a favorable outcome. Paradoxical psoriasis occurs from a few days to several years after the introduction of TNF inhibitors, it may resemble psoriasis vulgaris or differ from it in terms of flexural fold involvement, more frequent pustular involvement of the palms and soles, and scalp involvement complicated by severe non-scarring alopecia. The histology of paradoxical psoriasis typically combines psoriatic, eczematiform and lichenoid patterns. When paradoxical psoriasis is moderate or severe, and the underlying pathology is controlled, we can treat the psoriatic flare and switch to another TNF inhibitor, something the Internal Medicine Department has not been very receptive to.
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Busireddy, Seshakagari Haranadha Reddy. "Deep Learning-Based Detection of Hair and Scalp Diseases Using CNN and Image Processing." Milestone Transactions on Medical Technometrics 3, no. 1 (2025): 145–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14965660.
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Hair and scalp disorders affect millions worldwide, often undiagnosed in their early stages due to similarities with normal hair shedding. Conditions such as alopecia, psoriasis, and folliculitis require professional dermatological evaluation, which can be time-consuming and lead to delayed treatment. Early diagnosis and clinical decision-making have been strengthened by automating disease detection in healthcare through the development of deep learning and improved image-processing techniques. This study evaluated the three primary conditions associated with the scalp using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model. The research faced challenges due to the restricted availability of structured datasets and variations in image quality from several sources. To address this, 150 images were gathered from various repositories and subjected to pre-processing techniques, including denoising, contrast enhancement, image equalization, and data balancing. The processed dataset was employed to train a 2D CNN model with a training and validation accuracy of 97% and 92%. Additionally, we curated a dataset of scalp images to support further research in this domain, promoting the development of more robust automated diagnostic systems.
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Moodi, F., E. Behrangi, M. Roohaninasab, A. S. Bazargan, S. Khosravi, and A. Goodarzi. "A Comprehensive Review on Trichogram and Trichoscopy in Dermatology." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 5 (2021): 1576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211551576.
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Background: We reviewed the literatures focusing on trichogram and comparing it with other newly introduced trichologic diagnostic methods (to be specific trichoscopy). Methods: This is a narrative review. We searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE and the Web of Science for most relevant and English publications using the terms ‘trichogram’ or ‘phototrichogram’ or ‘trichoscan’ or ‘unit area trichogram’ or ‘trichoscopy’.The results were then screened by two independent reviewers and discrepancies was reviewed by another author. The text and data related to these terms were then selected out of each included study and discussed with all authors for inclusion in this study. Results: There are many hair disorders with diagnostic clues of trichogram such as Alopecia areata, Androgenic alopecia, Anagen effluvium, Telogen effluvium, Trichotillomania, Pemghigus, Psoriasis, and Loose anagen syndrome. Trichoscopy have become a widely used non-invasive practical diagnostic tool for evaluation of many immune-mediated or non-immune mediated dermatologic disorders with involvement of hair. Trichoscopy is also commonly used for following up and evaluating the therapeutic responses in affected hair-bearing area. Conclusion: Trichogram is a valuable diagnostic method for complicated hair disorders butthe trend is toward less aggressive and more sensitive informative methods like trichoscopy and trichoscan. Key words: Trichogram, Trichoscopy, Phototrichogram, Trichoscan, Unit Area Trichogram, Dermatoscopy, Dermoscopy, Hair, Alopecia, Scalp, Diagnoses
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Šutić Udović, Ingrid, Nika Hlača, Larisa Prpić Massari, Ines Brajac, Marija Kaštelan, and Marijana Vičić. "Deciphering the Complex Immunopathogenesis of Alopecia Areata." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 11 (2024): 5652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115652.
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Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune-mediated disorder in which the proximal hair follicle (HF) attack results in non-scarring partial to total scalp or body hair loss. Despite the growing knowledge about AA, its exact cause still needs to be understood. However, immunity and genetic factors are affirmed to be critical in AA development. While the genome-wide association studies proved the innate and acquired immunity involvement, AA mouse models implicated the IFN-γ- and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell-mediated immune response as the main drivers of disease pathogenesis. The AA hair loss is caused by T-cell-mediated inflammation in the HF area, disturbing its function and disrupting the hair growth cycle without destroying the follicle. Thus, the loss of HF immune privilege, autoimmune HF destruction mediated by cytotoxic mechanisms, and the upregulation of inflammatory pathways play a crucial role. AA is associated with concurrent systemic and autoimmune disorders such as atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, psoriasis, and thyroiditis. Likewise, the patient’s quality of life (QoL) is significantly impaired by morphologic disfigurement caused by the illness. The patients experience a negative impact on psychological well-being and self-esteem and may be more likely to suffer from psychiatric comorbidities. This manuscript aims to present the latest knowledge on the pathogenesis of AA, which involves genetic, epigenetic, immunological, and environmental factors, with a particular emphasis on immunopathogenesis.
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Aravamuthan, Ramesh, Sampath Vadivelu, Shabari Arumugam, and Mukesh Mithran J. "An overview of scalp dermatoses in a tertiary care institute." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 6, no. 3 (2020): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20201575.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The scalp is unique among skin areas in humans, with high follicular density and high rate of sebum production which though providing thermal insulation also creates an environment conducive to superficial mycotic infections and parasitic infestations. As there is a paucity of studies on scalp dermatoses in the Indian and Western literature, a clinical study of these scalp dermatoses can unravel the common clinico-epidemiological manifestations in our population.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective observational study conducted for a period of 6 months. All the patients reporting to our department were evaluated for entry into the study and patients having scalp lesions were enrolled. A detailed clinical history and a thorough scalp examination were performed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The incidence of scalp dermatoses is more among adolescents and early adulthood with a male to female ratio 1.8:1. 57% of patients had lesions exclusive to scalp. Scalp was the initial site of presentation in 54.6% of cases who had generalized lesions. Itching (n=107; 53.5%) is the commonest presenting complaint. Among the scalp sites, parietal area was involved the most (73%). The most common dermatoses were psoriasis (21.5%) followed by alopecia areata (11.5%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The scalp dermatoses have significant psychological impact affecting the social profile of the patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Indian study on scalp dermatoses involving all age groups which gives a precise clinical insight into scalp dermatoses.</p>
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Ramer, Robert, and Burkhard Hinz. "Cannabinoid Compounds as a Pharmacotherapeutic Option for the Treatment of Non-Cancer Skin Diseases." Cells 11, no. 24 (2022): 4102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11244102.
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The endocannabinoid system has been shown to be involved in various skin functions, such as melanogenesis and the maintenance of redox balance in skin cells exposed to UV radiation, as well as barrier functions, sebaceous gland activity, wound healing and the skin’s immune response. In addition to the potential use of cannabinoids in the treatment and prevention of skin cancer, cannabinoid compounds and derivatives are of interest as potential systemic and topical applications for the treatment of various inflammatory, fibrotic and pruritic skin conditions. In this context, cannabinoid compounds have been successfully tested as a therapeutic option for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia, atopic and seborrhoeic dermatitis, dermatomyositis, asteatotic and atopic eczema, uraemic pruritis, scalp psoriasis, systemic sclerosis and venous leg ulcers. This review provides an insight into the current literature on cannabinoid compounds as potential medicines for the treatment of skin diseases.
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Barilo, A. A., S. V. Smirnova та I. M. Olyanina. "Сlinical case of focal alopecia in a child with atopy". Medical Immunology (Russia) 23, № 1 (2021): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-cco-2074.
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Alopecia areata is a common inflammatory immune-mediated disorder in which autoimmune response is triggered against hair follicles, thus leading to non-scarring hair loss on the scalp, face and other parts of the skin. Despite numerous studies concerning this issue, today there is no consensus on the etiology and pathogenesis of focal alopecia. In the literature, special attention is paid to association of focal alopecia with autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, psoriasis, autoimmune thyroiditis, vitiligo. Recent studies have identified the association of focal alopecia with atopic diseases (allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis) and the early debut of severe forms of hair loss. The aim of this study was to present a clinical case of focal alopecia in an 8-year-old girl with atopic bronchial asthma and seasonal allergic rhinitis. As based on detection of eosinophilia in peripheral blood and a high concentration of total IgE in serum, one may assume that atopic alopecia is the cause of focal hair losses in a child with atopy. The patient underwent skin prick testing, in order to determine sensitization for food components, pollen and fungal allergens. As a result of skin testing, a hyperergic reaction (> 15 mm in diameter) to tree pollen was revealed, a positive response (6-9 mm) to oatmeal, a weakly positive reaction (3-5 mm) to whole chicken egg, carrots, tomato, apple, pear, pollen of meadow, cereal, weed grasses was also revealed. With regard of these allergological data, an individual diet was recommended with the elimination of causally significant allergens (including those eliciting weakly positive reactions), external treatment, i.e., topical calcineurin inhibitors administered for 1 month. One month later, an improvement of the pathological process was registered, and 6 months from the start of therapy, complete restoration of hair follicles was noted in the focus of alopecia. The patient was monitored for a year, no complaints of hair loss were noted. The positive effect of elimination against the background of the appropriate elimination diet with respect to causally significant allergens, was also noted when treating her for respiratory allergy, i.e., the patient did not have seasonal manifestations of hay fever over the next pollination period. This clinical case is demonstrated in order to draw special attention of dermatologists, allergologists, immunologists, general practitioners to the issues of focal alopecia in children against the background of typical allergic diseases.
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Popp, Meagan, Steven Latta, Betty Nguyen, Colombina Vincenzi, and Antonella Tosti. "Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Hair, Scalp, and Skin Disorders: A Systematic Review." Cosmetics 10, no. 5 (2023): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics10050129.
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Cannabinoid products have been studied in the treatment of various dermatologic conditions. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE for articles published before 1 February 2023 that described the use of cannabinoids in the management of hair, scalp, and skin conditions, identifying 18 original articles that encompassed 1090 patients who used various forms of cannabinoid products. Where specified, topical cannabidiol (CBD) was the most commonly utilized treatment (64.3%, 173/269), followed by oral dronabinol (14.4%, 39/269), oral lenabasum (14.1%, 38/269), and oral hempseed oil (5.9%, 16/269). Using the GRADE approach, we found moderate-quality evidence supporting the efficacy of cannabinoid products in managing atopic dermatitis, dermatomyositis, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis and moderate-quality evidence supporting a lack of efficacy in treating trichotillomania. There was low to very low quality evidence supporting the efficacy of cannabinoid products in managing alopecia areata, epidermolysis bullosa, hyperhidrosis, seborrheic dermatitis, and pruritus. Our findings suggest that cannabinoids may have efficacy in managing symptoms of certain inflammatory dermatologic conditions. However, the evidence is still limited, and there is no standardized dosage or route of administration for these products. Large randomized controlled trials and further studies with standardized treatment regimens are necessary to better understand the safety and efficacy of cannabinoids.
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Lebwohl, MD, Mark. "Targeted 308-nm Excimer Laser A Safe and Effective Solution for Inflammatory Skin Disorders." SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine 8, no. 6 (2024): s502. http://dx.doi.org/10.25251/skin.8.supp.502.
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Background: The 308-nanometer excimer laser is a targeted ultraviolet B (UVB) light therapy that delivers high-intensity UVB rays directly to affected skin. It has shown considerable efficacy in managing various inflammatory skin conditions, including Psoriasis, Vitiligo, Atopic dermatitis (Eczema), Leukoderma, Alopecia Areata, Chronic recalcitrant dermatitis, Lichen planus, Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (e.g. Mycosis fungoides/ Sezary Syndrome), Parapsoriasis, Pityriasis lichenoides chronica, Pruritus, Urticaria pigmentosa, Superficial mycoses (e.g., dermatophytosis [ringworm]. The patient demographic of some of these conditions (e.g. Vitiligo) tends to skew towards patients with darker skin tones. Results: The excimer laser is particularly effective for treating resistant areas, such as the scalp, palmoplantar psoriasis, and hand and foot dermatitis, which often do not respond well to conventional therapies. It has also demonstrated notable success in promoting repigmentation in facial vitiligo, especially in patients with Fitzpatrick skin types IV–VI. Treatment results are typically observed quickly after 5-10 sessions, with sustained improvement and psoriasis clearance evident even at 1-year follow-up. Over the years, access to the Excimer laser procedures has expanded with the availability of these procedures in many private clinics as well as academic facilities. That has increased the availability of the treatment modality and patient choice of therapy. Conclusions: The excimer laser provides a safe, non-invasive treatment option with a strong record of efficacy for multiple inflammatory skin conditions. It is a viable alternative to systemic therapies and can be used either alone or in conjunction with other treatments for optimal patient outcomes.
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Rutuja, Jadhav* Dr. Vaishali Kate Dr. Santosh Payghan. "Formulation And Evaluation of Herbal Hair Oil." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 2328–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15244546.
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Humankind uses various products known as cosmetics to enhance elegance, to look young and charming. Thus, cosmetics play a keen role in human life. Cosmetology is defined as the science of alteration in appearance. Herbal cosmetics have burgeoning demand and in the world market and are inestimable gift of nature. There are wide spans of herbal cosmetic products to satisfy beauty regime and have less side effects when compared with synthetic drugs. Hair plays a very important role in enhancing the personality of humans as well as it acts as a protective appendage. The presence of number of phytochemical and natural constituents in the organic poly-herbal hair oil have dual work, one that the formulation is used as a cosmetic for hair-care and the other that the presence of phytochemical amend the hair care and protection, which naturally results in healthy hair. The present work is aimed to develop effective organic poly-herbal hair oil for daily use and to prevent various hair problems, including alopecia and scalp psoriasis. Four formulations were prepared using different types of oils, along with various herbs/parts of herb. These oils were subjected to evaluations for organoleptic properties, chemical and analytical basis. All four formulations were compared based on the result of evaluations and the effective one was selected as the best.the preparation and evaluation of a Polyherbal Hair Oil formulated as an effective cosmetic for promoting hair health and addressing common hair concerns. The study aims to harness the synergistic benefits of natural plant based ingredients to develop a potent and safe hair care solution. The Polyherbal Hair Oil was prepared by infusing Coconut oil and castor oil with extracts of Curry leaves, Hibiscus flowers and leaves, Fenugreek seeds, following standardized extraction methods. Physicochemical evaluation confirmed the oil's suitability for topical application, with desirable characteristics such as pH, viscosity, and density. Accelerated stability studies demonstrated the oil's stability under various storage conditions, indicating its long shelflife. Efficacy evaluation through in vitro and in vivo studies revealed the Polyherbal Hair Oil's ability to promote hair growth, improve scalp health, strengthen hair strands, and control dandruff. Safety assessment confirmed the oil's skin compatibility and microbiological safety.
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El Shabrawi-Caelen, Laila, Michelangelo La Placa, Colombina Vincenzi, Thomas Haidn, Robert Muellegger, and Antonella Tosti. "Adalimumab-induced psoriasis of the scalp with diffuse alopecia: A severe potentially irreversible cutaneous side effect of TNF-alpha blockers." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 16, no. 2 (2010): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ibd.20954.
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Headington, J. T. "A morphometric and histologic study of the scalp in psoriasis. Paradoxical sebaceous gland atrophy and decreased hair shaft diameters without alopecia." Archives of Dermatology 125, no. 5 (1989): 639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.125.5.639.
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Pudjiati, Satiti Retno. "Psoriasiform Secondary Syphilis: A Pitfall in Diagnosis." Clinical Dermatology & Therapy 7, no. 1 (2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/cdt-8771/100066.
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Secondary syphilis in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patient’s have variety of skin manifestations. Failure to recognize the manifestations of secondary syphilis can cause delaying the therapy. The recognition of the characteristics of skin lesions as well as serology examination and histopathology help the physicians for making the diagnosis. A 24-year-old male who was diagnosed with HIV previously came with chief complaint of scaly red plaques on the palms and soles. The similar lesions were also notedover the face especially the perioral region.Patient also noted to have also alopecia on the eyebrows and eyelashes. Patient was diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris from previous physician and treated with unknown therapy. Serological examination revealed reactive TPHA and high titer of VDRL. Skin biopsy was done and it has features of psoriasis but without pathognomonic signs. The patient then was treated with single dose of benzathine penicillin G 2,4 million units which provided excellent improvement.Secondary syphilis is called "great imitator" because of its broad manifestations. It has been widely reported that secondary syphilis has been misdiagnosed as psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis. Characteristics of the lesion, serological examination and histopathology play significant role in establishing the diagnosis.
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Aliyu, Ahmad. "Concept of tinea capitis." Gadau Journal of Pure and Allied Sciences 1, no. 2 (2022): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54117/gjpas.v1i2.25.
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Tinea capitis is a superficial and dermatophytes infection primarily located in the hair follicles and surrounding stratum corneum. The infection is widely disseminated among prepubertal children, difficult to treat due to poor efficacy of available antifungal agents and mimic ailments related to the infection. This study reviewed the current and predominant attributes of tinea capitis including diagnostic measures and therapies against the infection. A Google search was conducted using the key term “Tinea capitis”. The search strategy includes literature reviews, clinical trials, meta-analyses, observational studies and randomized controlled trials. The result showed that Trichophyton tonsurans and Microsporum canis causes the higher number of tinea capitis cases with ectothrix and endothrix as a clinical manifestation. Terbinafine therapy had the highest cure rate in a short period of time against the infection. Non-commercial kits had the highest specificity and sensitivity than real time PCR commercial kits. The mimic ailments related to infection include trichotillomania, alopecia areata, seborrheic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and bacterial scalp abscess. Allylamines and imidazole are commonly used antifungal agents against infection. Effective antifungal agents, new methods of diagnosis should be employed such as PCR targeting the 28S rDNA gene for the identification and characterization of etiological agents of tinea capitis, and practice good habits of personal and environmental hygiene should be encouraged through health education and promotion activities.
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Lynoora, Eko Rianova. "SEZARY SYNDROME MIMICKING GENERALIZED PSORIASIS VULGARIS." Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease 6, no. 3 (2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v6i3.3134.
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Background: Sezary syndrome is the one type of cutaneous T cell. This disease is characterized by reddish patches or plaques on the skin which extends to whole body into erythroderma, lymphadenopathy and presence of atypical lymphocytes called Sezary cells.Purpose: To know clinical manifestation, examination and management of Sezary syndrome which clinically resembles generalized psoriasis.Case: A man 60 years old came with scaly plaques reddish brown on almost of his body accompanied by lymphadenopathy on the supraclavicular lymph node right and left and accompanied by intense itchy also. Another clinical features were alopecia, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, onychodysthropy, facies leonine without anesthesia on the lesion and without enlargement of peripheral nerve. From laboratory test, there is an increasing in the number of leukocytes, from the peripheral blood smear examination found Sezary cells and histopathology showed focal athrophy and acanthosis of the epidermis and dense infiltration of lymphocytes in the dermo-epidermal junction and superficial dermis. Case management: Patient received methotrexate (MTX) 3 x 5 mg (1 cylcle) with mometasone furoate 0,1% cream and CTM 3x1 tablet for adjunctive therapy. Methotrexte was discontinued because there are increasing of liver function and deterioration of patient’s condition. After 25 days of treatment, the patient got sepsis and then the patient died. Conclusion: Early onset of Sezary syndrome in this case is difficult to know because the clinical manifestation is similar with psoriasis vulgaris. Supporting examination such as laboratory test, blood smears and histopathology examination could help diagnosis. The presence of lymphadenopathy, atypical lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and extensive skin involvement reflecting the poor prognosis. The most common cause of death was sepsis.
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Udkoff, Jeremy, and Philip R. Cohen. "Severe Infliximab-Induced Alopecia and Scalp Psoriasis in a Woman with Crohn’s Disease: Dramatic Improvement after Drug Discontinuation and Treatment with Adjuvant Systemic and Topical Therapies." Dermatology and Therapy 6, no. 4 (2016): 689–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13555-016-0156-z.
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Connolly, Aveen, Marianna Philippidou, Patrick Gordon, Chris Wincup, Fiona Worsnop, and Daniel Creamer. "DP10 Scalp disease in dermatomyositis." British Journal of Dermatology 191, Supplement_1 (2024): i111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljae090.232.
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Abstract The clinical presentation of dermatomyositis (DM) is heterogeneous, with patients expressing varying degrees of muscle and skin inflammation. Scalp inflammation is often disregarded in the clinical assessment and is seldom the subject of clinical studies. However, DM at this site contributes significantly to the symptom burden, a feature heightened by the scalp’s comparative lack of response to standard immunosuppressant therapy. As well as a sparsity of studies detailing clinical features in scalp DM, the literature on scalp histopathology is also limited. In an attempt to define the range of clinicopathological features, and to consider potential associations with myositis-specific antibodies, we undertook a prospective observational study of scalp disease in a cohort of patients with DM. Over a 10-year period, 96 consecutive adult patients with clinically and immunologically proven DM were prospectively recruited. The extent of cutaneous DM was quantified using the Cutaneous Dermatomyositis Area and Severity Index (CDASI). For the purposes of our study, the scalp-CDASI was recorded separately. In patients with scalp DM, sites of involvement were recorded: frontal, parietal, occipital and vertex. The impact of cutaneous involvement was assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index and a scalp itch numerical rating score (NRS). In total, 47 of 96 patients with DM had scalp involvement, and all patients had cutaneous DM at other body sites. In the scalp DM cohort, scalp-CDASI ranged from 1/9 to 8/9. The distribution of DM involvement by scalp zone demonstrated 19 of 47 global, 17 of 47 occipitoparietal, and 11 of 47 frontovertex. The mean scalp itch NRS for the scalp DM group was 4.8, 33 of 47 patients reported scalp itching and/or soreness disturbing sleep, and 38 of 47 patients reported hair loss. In the scalp DM group, myositis-specific antibodies were demonstrated in 41 of 47 patients. Overall, 17 of 41 patients were positive for TIF-1g, 11 of 41 SAE, 6 of 41 MDA5, 3 of 41 Mi-2, 3 of 41 NXP-2, and 1 of 41 Jo-1. Assessment of scalp biopsies from nine patients demonstrated a number of dermatopathological features that appear exclusive to scalp DM. Unlike other scarring alopecias, there was no typical perifollicular fibroplasia, but in these cases, there was thickening of the basement membrane around the follicles. A further consistent observation involved the dermal collagen, which showed hyalinization, homogenization and areas of necrobiosis, as well as areas of very severe elastosis. Our findings suggest that the scalp possesses a site-specific susceptibility to DM inflammation, a hypothesis that mirrors the disease tropism seen in psoriasis, lupus and other inflammatory dermatoses. The evidence collected in this study has unequivocally demonstrated that scalp DM produces a symptom burden associated with considerable morbidity. Our study is the first to examine the subjective effects of scalp involvement in DM and to quantify its impact.
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Alarcón-Soldevilla, Fernando, Francisco José Hernández-Gómez, Juan Antonio García-Carmona, et al. "Use of Artificial Intelligence as a Predictor of the Response to Treatment in Alopecia Areata." Iproceedings 6, no. 1 (2021): e35433. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/35433.
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Background Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged in dermatology with some studies focusing on skin disorders such as skin cancer, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and onychomycosis. Alopecia areata (AA) is a dermatological disease whose prevalence is 0.7%-3% in the United States, and is characterized by oval areas of nonscarring hair loss of the scalp or body without evident clinical variables to predict its response to the treatment. Nonetheless, some studies suggest a predictive value of trichoscopic features in the evaluation of treatment responses. Assuming that black dots, broken hairs, exclamation marks, and tapered hairs are markers of negative predictive value of the treatment response, while yellow dots are markers of no response to treatment according to recent studies, the absence of these trichoscopic features could indicate favorable disease evolution without treatment or even predict its response. Nonetheless, no studies have reportedly evaluated the role of AI in AA on the basis of trichoscopic features. Objective This study aimed to develop an AI algorithm to predict, using trichoscopic images, those patients diagnosed with AA with a better disease evolution. Methods In total, 80 trichoscopic images were included and classified in those with or without features of negative prognosis. Using a data augmentation technique, they were multiplied to 179 images to train an AI algorithm, as previously carried out with dermoscopic images of skin tumors with a favorable response. Subsequently, 82 new images of AA were presented to the algorithm, and the algorithm classified these patients as responders and non-responders; this process was reviewed by an expert trichologist observer and presented a concordance higher than 90% with the algorithm identifying structures described previously. Evolution of the cases was followed up to truly determine their response to treatment and, therefore, to assess the predictive value of the algorithm. Results In total, 32 of 40 (80%) images of patients predicted as nonresponders scarcely showed response to the treatment, while 34 of 42 (81%) images of those predicted as responders showed a favorable response to the treatment. Conclusions The development of an AI algorithm or tool could be useful to predict AA evolution and its response to treatment. However, further research is needed, including larger sample images or trained algorithms, by using images previously classified in accordance with the disease evolution and not with trichoscopic features. Conflicts of Interest None declared.
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Al-Dhalimi, Muhsin A., and Nabaa Abdul-Ameer Mahdi. "Onychoscopic Evaluation of Inflammatory Nail Disorder and Their Relationship with Disease Duration: A Clinical Descriptive Study." Kufa Medical Journal 20, no. 2 (2024): 84–109. https://doi.org/10.36330/kmj.v20i2.15011.
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Background: Nail diseases are common problems that often exhibit diagnostic challenge for many dermatologists especially when nails are primarily affected without skin involvement. Nail dermoscopy is a simple, non-invasive tool, that became a valuable diagnostic aid for evaluating nail changes associated with various dermatological diseases. Objective: This study aimed to highlight the key onychoscopic features of major inflammatory nail diseases and correlate these findings to the duration of the disease. Patients and Method: A cross sectional clinical descriptive study was performed on 105 patients with inflammatory skin diseases and clinically evident nail changes (25 with psoriasis, 25 with dermatitis, 20 with lichen planus, 15 with connective tissue diseases, 10 with autoimmune bullous dermatoses and 10 with alopecia areata). The study was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022. Demographic variables were recorded, and nail dermoscopic findings were described using a handheld polarized dermoscopy Dermlite DL100 (10x). Then the data were collected and statistically analysed. Results: In psoriasis, the most common onychoscopic signs were pitting (64%) and dilated capillaries at the hyponychium (64%) which showed a positive relation to early disease duration with p-value 0.05. In patients with dermatitis, the most common onychoscopic sign was dilated capillaries at the onychodermal band seen in (48%) of patients, a new dermoscopic sign; nail beading, was recorded in (24%) of patients. In patients with lichen planus, the most common sign was longitudinal ridging seen in (60%), dilated capillaries at the onychodermal band which is a newly reported sign in nail lichen planus was observed in (20%) with a significant relation to early disease duration with p-value 0.003. In Connective tissue diseases, tortuous capillaries were seen in (100%) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. In autoimmune bullous dermatoses, the most common signs were Beau’s lines and onychomadesis seen in (100%) of patients. In Alopecia areata patients, the most common sign was scaly cuticles seen in (80%) of patients, and no significant relation to disease duration was recognized in the studied group. Conclusion: Onychoscopy is a very useful non-invasive bedside tool for evaluating inflammatory nail disorders to reinforce the presumptive clinical diagnosis and helps to avoid invasive methods, in addition to guiding the management and prognosis of some nail disorders.
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Karampinis, Emmanouil, Olga Toli, Konstantina-Eirini Georgopoulou, et al. "Exploring Pediatric Dermatology in Skin of Color: Focus on Dermoscopy." Life 14, no. 12 (2024): 1604. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14121604.
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This literature review aims to comprehensively evaluate the clinical and dermoscopic presentations of common pediatric diseases among children with skin of color (SoC) while also addressing potential variations based on racial backgrounds. This review encompasses various conditions, such as nevi subtypes, viral infections, infestations, and inflammatory dermatoses, as well as hair diseases and abnormal vascular formations, occurring in pediatric populations. Overall, we identified 7 studies on nevi subtypes, 24 studies on skin infections, 6 on inflammatory dermatoses, 10 on hair diseases and disorders, and 14 on miscellaneous disorders that also satisfied our SoC- and race-specific criteria. In case of no results, we assumed that dermoscopic findings are similar between SoC adults and children, confirming the hypothesis with our cases of dark-skinned Indian child patients. Inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis, eczema, and cutaneous mastocytosis, as well as skin infections like cutaneous leishmaniasis, appear with brownish backgrounds or exhibit dark structures more frequently than the respective dermoscopy images of Caucasian populations. Dermoscopy traits such as erythema in tinea capitis are uncommon or even absent on a dark-colored scalp, while a dark skin tone often obscures many characteristic features, such as dark and yellow dots in alopecia areata and even parts of an intradermal parasite in the case of scabies. Race-specific traits were also observed, such as corkscrew hair in tinea capitis, primarily seen in patients of African origin. Many dermoscopic images are consistent between SoC and non-SoC in various skin lesions, including vascular anomalies, juvenile xanthogranuloma, mastocytoma, and viral skin lesions like molluscum contagiosum, as well as in various hair disorders such as trichotillomania, while tinea capitis displays the most diverse reported dermoscopic features across SoC- and race-specific studies.
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Nopriyati, M. Akip Riyan Saputra, Izazi Hari Purwoko, and Theresia L. Toruan. "The Role of Topical Vitamin D in Vitiligo: A Narrative Literature Review." Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 6, no. 13 (2022): 2516–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/bsm.v6i13.626.
Full textAbstract:
Vitamin D plays a role in the process of melanogenesis, namely increasing L-Dopa cells, inducing differentiation of immature melanocytes, and increasing melanocyte activity. The use of vitamin D in dermatology is in the treatment of vitiligo, psoriasis vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, verruca vulgaris, and alopecia. Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease of the skin in the form of depigmentation due to the destruction of melanocytes by T cells. The clinical manifestations of vitiligo are white macular lesions and no scale, asymptomatic, and symmetrical. Vitiligo can affect the patient's quality of life, so accurate therapy is needed. Standard therapy in vitiligo needs further research to find accurate therapy with minimal side effects. Topical vitamin D is a vitiligo therapy with minimal side effects. Several types of topical vitamin D with therapeutic effects in the field of dermatology are calcipotriol, calcitriol, tacalcitol, maxacalcitol, and hexafluoro-1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 with various dosages and preparations. The role of vitamin D in melanogenesis and immunomodulators as monotherapy or in combination with topical corticosteroids has been shown to be effective in the treatment of vitiligo. This literature review was on the role of topical vitamin D in the treatment of vitiligo.
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Nangia, Julie R., Tao Wang, Mari Rude, et al. "Scalp cooling alopecia prevention trial (SCALP)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 15_suppl (2014): TPS9660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.tps9660.
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Wozel, Gottfried, Eberhard Klein, Ulrich Mrowietz, Kristian Reich, Michael Sebastian, and Volker Streit. "Scalp psoriasis." JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft 9, no. 1 (2010): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1610-0387.2010.07412.x.
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Kulhari, Monika, Prateek Pathak, and P. K. Singh. "Halo scalp ring: an undiagnosed neonatal scalp alopecia." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 10, no. 1 (2023): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20233880.
Full textAbstract:
Halo scalp ring is a rare less frequently diagnosed non scarring alopecia seen in neonatal period. Although a few cases can land up in scarring alopecia if necrosis and deep inflammation due to Caput Succedeneum supervenes. It is imperative to diagnose the condition as various forms of alopecias in infants can lead to psychological disturbance among parents. Herein we report a case of Halo Scalp Ring alopecia so as to keep in mind this condition so that unnecessary investigations of the child can be avoided and in case scarring occurs the child can be referred on time to a plastic surgeon for hair restoration surgeries.
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Skafida, Efthymia, Ioanna Triantafyllopoulou, Ioannis Flessas, et al. "Secondary Alopecia Neoplastica Mimicking Alopecia Areata following Breast Cancer." Case Reports in Oncology 13, no. 2 (2020): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000507694.
Full textAbstract:
Cutaneous metastases from visceral carcinomas are relatively uncommon, with an overall incidence ranging from 0.7 to 9%. Diagnosis of scalp metastases usually escapes clinicians and dermatologists due to the fact that these metastases are mimicking other benign dermatological conditions. Herein, we present an uncommon case of scalp alopecia neoplastica mimicking alopecia areata due to breast cancer; a 43-year-old woman diagnosed with lobular cancer 3 years previously presented with acute loss of hair in well-circumscribed areas of the scalp and was diagnosed with alopecia areata by a private-practice dermatologist. She was then reevaluated, and due to her history of breast cancer, a biopsy from the scalp was performed and revealed alopecia neoplastica. At the same time that the skin lesions were recognized as disease involvement, the patient presented with dyspepsia, and endoscopy of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract also revealed metastasis to the stomach and bowel. Gastrointestinal metastasis may occur with several types of cancer, but the stomach and bowel are rare metastatic sites for breast cancer.