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1
Yu, Tony S. (Tony Sheung). "Solidification in a thin liquid film : growing Alq₃ needles via methanol-vapor annealing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65167.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-145).
Organic electronics hold the promise of low-cost, flexible, large-area electronic and optoelectronic devices. In order to improve the performance of these devices, it is vital to control the morphology (e.g., the crystallinity) of these thin films. This thesis examines how solvent-vapor annealing of thin, amorphous films of Alq₃-i.e., tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum-promotes the growth of single-crystal needles; we explore this system through experiments, modeling, and analytical scaling laws. The first part of this thesis describes the growth of single-crystal Alq₃ needles from amorphous, thin films of Alq₃ annealed in methanol vapor. Micrographs captured during annealing reveal needle lengths that grow like power laws, such that Lneedle ~ t[gamma]. We show that the growth exponent, [gamma], decreases when the thickness of the Alq₃ films is increased. In addition to needle growth, the fluid films exhibited dewetting and coarsening behavior: the initially-uniform films broke up into small drops that coalesced to form larger drops. In the second part of this thesis, we develop a mathematical model describing these morphological changes-both drop formation and needle growth-during solvent-vapor annealing. The evolution of the fluid films is modeled by a lubrication equation, and a convection-diffusion equation captures the transport of Alq3 and methanol within the films. We define a dimensionless transport coefficient, [alpha], which describes the relative effects of diffusion and coarsening-driven convection. Numerical simulations based on this 1D model reproduce the films evolution observed in experiments. The final part of this thesis describes scaling laws that govern needle growth. For large [alpha]-values, needle growth matched the theory of 1D, diffusion-driven solidification, such that [gamma]1/2. For low [alpha]-values, flow driven by drop collapses-i.e., coarsening-controls the growth of needles. Within this regime, we identify two cases: needles that were small compared to the typical drop size, and those that were large. For small needles, [gamma]-> 2/5, and for large needles, [gamma]-> 0:29. These scaling laws provide a simple physical picture of needle growth and match numerical simulations.
by Tony S. Yu.
Ph.D.
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Vasconcelos, Rosane Maria Andrade. "Adaptação cultural do Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) para o contexto da enfermagem brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-03072018-154029/.
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A Teoria da Liderança Autêntica baseia-se na filosofia e na psicologia, ao propor construir organizações mais autênticas, com líderes mais conscientes e relações mais transparentes e éticas. Este estudo, de delineamento metodológico, teve como objetivo realizar a adaptação cultural do Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) para a língua portuguesa no contexto da enfermagem brasileira. Esse instrumento, original em língua inglesa, possui duas versões, SELF e RATER, com o intuito de avaliar a autenticidade do líder e do liderado. O ALQ possui 16 itens distribuídos em quatro domínios: Transparência nos Relacionamentos; Perspectiva Moral e Ética; Processamento Equilibrado de Informações e Autoconsciência, com afirmações que são respondidas por uma escala Likert de zero a quatro pontos, sendo raramente/nunca (0 ponto), de vez em quando (1 ponto), às vezes (2 pontos), frequentemente (3 pontos) e muitas vezes, quase sempre (4 pontos). Assim, a pontuação varia de zero a sessenta e quatro, no qual os maiores valores refletem a maior a autenticidade do líder. O processo de adaptação seguiu todos os pressupostos necessários recomendados aos estudos metodológicos. As duas versões do questionário foram inicialmente traduzidas para o português, dando origem a duas outras versões que foram analisadas pelo comitê de juízes I, resultando na síntese da tradução de cada versão. As versões produzidas foram submetidas às retrotraduções e, posteriormente encaminhadas ao principal autor do ALQ. Ao serem acatadas as sugestões, foi realizada nova retrotradução das duas versões e, após sintetizadas, foram encaminhadas ao comitê de juízes II afim de garantir a equivalência cultural, conceitual e idiomática entre o instrumento original e o traduzido, o qual originou uma versão final para aplicação no pré-teste. Nesta etapa, foi verificada a validade de face e de conteúdo de todos os itens de ambas as versões do ALQ, por meio da aplicação da taxa de concordância de pelo menos 80% entre os participantes. Os membros do comitê de juízes I e II foram compostos por especialistas. O pré-teste foi realizado com 80 enfermeiros, sendo: 64 Assistenciais, 8 Supervisores e 7 Coordenadores de Enfermagem, atuantes em diversas clínicas de cinco hospitais de duas cidades da região Centro Oeste do país. Os dados foram coletados no período de junho a agosto de 2016. Posteriormente, um dos autores do instrumento atestou que ambas as versões foram devidamente traduzidas e adaptadas. Considerando que a validação de um instrumento é um processo acumulativo, o questionário, nas duas versões SELF e RATER, deverá ser submetido a novos estudos, no intuito de avaliar as propriedades psicométricas, a fim de disponibilizar um instrumento válido e confiável para os pesquisadores, que objetivem ter uma melhor compreensão no que se refere a autenticidade dos profissionais enfermeiros atuantes nas instituições brasileirasThe Theory of Authentic Leadership is based on philosophy and psychology as it proposes the establishment of more authentic organizations, with more conscious leaders and more transparent and ethical relations. The objective of this methodological study was to perform the cultural adaptation of the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) to Portuguese in the context of Brazilian Nursing. This instrument, originally written in English, has two versions, SELF and RATER: one assesses the authenticity of leaders and the other assesses the authenticity of those under leadership. ALQ has 16 items distributed into four domains: Relational Transparency; Moral Perspective and Ethics; Balanced Processing of Information; and Self-Awareness with statements answered on a four-point Likert scale: rarely/never (0 points), once in a while (1 point), sometimes (2 points), often (3 points), and very often, almost always (4 points). Hence, scores range from zero to 64; the higher the score, the more authentic a leader is. The adaptation process followed all the recommendations for methodological studies. Both versions (SELF and RATER) were initially translated to Portuguese and resulted in two other versions. An expert committee analyzed the versions and a synthesis of each version was obtained. These versions were then back translated and sent to the main author of the original ALQ. Changes were implemented according to the author\'s suggestion and the two versions were back translated once again. The syntheses were submitted to a second expert committee in order to ensure cultural, conceptual and idiomatic equivalences, resulting in the final version that was used in a pre-test. Face and content validity of all items of both versions was verified at this point by employing an inter-rater agreement of at least 80%. Both committees were composed of experts. The pre-test was applied to 80 nurses: 64 clinical nurses, eight supervisors, and seven nursing coordinators, who worked in various clinics of five hospitals located in two cities in the Midwest region of Brazil. Data were collected from June to August 2016. Afterwards, one of the instrument\'s authors certified that both versions were properly translated and adapted. Considering that the validation of an instrument is a cumulative process, the questionnaire in its two versions, SELF and RATER, should be submitted to new investigations in order to assess its psychometric properties and make available a valid and reliable instrument for researchers intending to acquire a better understanding in terms of authenticity of nurses working in Brazilian institutions
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Harikrishna, Mohan Siddharth. "A Novel Hole-Confining Concept for Efficient Green Organic Light Emitting Diodes." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1227034259.
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Small, James F. "Flow visualization and wake analysis for standard and modified configurations of the AN/ALQ-78 antenna pod." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/25954.
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Morton, Deborah. "The Relationship Between Authentic Leadership and Employee Retention: Measuring the Perceived Level of Authentic Leadership and the Effect on Employee Retention." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1340722665.
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Breier, Alexander A. [Verfasser]. "High-Resolution Microwave Spetroscopy of Radioactive Molecules : Mass-independent studies of AlF, AlH, AlO, AlS, TiO, and FeO / Alexander A. Breier." Kassel : Kassel University Press, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1206950587/34.
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Odermatt, Andreas Rosser Philipp. "ALM als ganzheitlicher Beratungsansatz im Private Banking /." Bern : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.wirtschaft.bfh.ch/uploads/tx_frppublikationen/oderandr.pdf.
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Gonzalez‐Estrada, Alexei, Timothy Archibald, Kristen Dinsmore, Greg Mosier, Bethany Campbell, and Stacy D. Brown. "Stability of Diluted Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Utilized in Perioperative Hypersensitivity Evaluation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13576.
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Alonso, Rodolfo Delatore. "Comparison between aluminum and all composite AL5 aircraft fuselage." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2008. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1160.
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This work demonstrate the decision that lead the responsible team for the AL5 aircraft to recommend more dedicated study, on using composite materials on the constant section barrel of the fuselage, to the next design team. The recommendation where made after the mass comparison of a composite fuselage and an equivalent aluminum fuselage, both estimated through methodologies described on the books of Bruhn and Niu.
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Ahlesten, Richard. "Psykometriska egenskaper hos Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132347.
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Psykologisk inflexibilitet är ett centralt begrepp inom Acceptance and committment therapy (ACT). I enlighet med teorin bakom ACT är människor psykiska lidande starkt sammankopplat med komponenterna som utgör psykologisk inflexibilitet; upplevelsemässigt undvikande och kognitiv fusion. Det psykiska måendet bland barn och ungdomar tenderar att försämras och behovet av psykologiska vårdinsatser ökar. I det sammanhanget är det viktigt med fungerande skattningsinstrument som möjliggör bedömningar och utvärderingar av vårdbehov och vårdinsatser. I uppsatsen undersöktes psykometriska egenskaper hos självskattningsinstrumentet Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y) i en grupp ungdomar som vårdas av Statens institutionsstyrelse. Av resultaten framgick att såväl reliabilitet som validitet var god i de utvalda måtten, faktorstrukturen tolkades som endimensionell. Även graden av psykologisk inflexibilitet i gruppen undersöktes. Bland undersökningsdeltagarna hade flickorna signifikant högre AFQ-Y-resultat jämfört med normpopulationen. Pojkarna avvek inte från normpopulationen.
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Costa, Badia Xavier. "Paisatges monàstics. El monacat alt-medieval als comtats catalans (segles IX-X)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668151.
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La present tesi doctoral proposa una aproximació innovadora al paisatge monàstic dels comtats catalans dels segles IX i X a través de dos nivells de detall ben diferenciats. En primer lloc, es planteja un estudi de caràcter més general que, partint de la identificació de tots els monestirs que s’hi poden documentar, crea una cartografia completa del fenomen monàstic sobre la qual analitzar la seva distribució espacial, els paral·lels que s’hi detecten i els diversos models de comportament que s’hi poden distingir. En segon lloc, es proposa un estudi minuciós de tres paisatges concrets, tots ells amb una elevada concentració de monestirs, per tal de precisar com aquests centres es relacionaren amb el seu entorn físic i social, transformant-lo de manera evident, però, alhora, veient-se profundament condicionats per ell. Així s’aconsegueix donar una visió holística i integral del fet monàstic que permet entendre millor el perquè de la ràpida proliferació de cenobis al llarg dels segles IX i X, així com el complex rol que jugaren en l’articulació social, política, econòmica i religiosa dels comtats catalans.This doctoral thesis proposes an innovative approach to the monastic landscape of the Catalan counties in the 9th and 10th centuries using two clearly-differentiated levels of detail. Firstly, a study of a more general nature is undertaken, starting by identifying all the monasteries that can be documented, to create a comprehensive cartography of the monastic phenomenon with which to analyse its spatial distribution, the parallels to be detected and the different models of behaviour that can be distinguished. Secondly, a meticulous study of three specific landscapes with a high concentration of monasteries is undertaken, all with the aim of establishing just how these centres interacted with their physical and social settings, clearly transforming them but at the same time being profoundly conditioned by them. This gives a comprehensive, holistic view of the monastic phenomenon to allow a better understanding of the reasons for the rapid proliferation of sites in the 9th and 10th centuries, as well as the complex role
La presente tesis doctoral propone una aproximación innovadora al paisaje monástico de los condados catalanes de los siglos IX y X mediante dos niveles de detalle bien diferenciados. En primer lugar, se plantea un estudio de carácter más general que, partiendo de la identificación de todos los monasterios que se pueden documentar en ese territorio, crea una cartografía completa del fenómeno monástico sobre la cual analizar su distribución espacial, los paralelos que se detectan en ella y los diversos modelos de comportamiento que se pueden distinguir. En segundo lugar, se propone un estudio más minucioso de tres paisajes concretos, todos ellos con una elevada concentración de monasterios, para precisar cómo estos centros se relacionaron con su entorno físico y social, transformándolo de forma evidente, pero, a su vez, viéndose profundamente condicionados por él. De esta manera se consigue dar una visión holística e integral del monacato que permite entender mejor el porqué de la rápida proliferación de cenobios a lo largo de los siglos IX y X, así como el papel tan complejo que jugaron en la articulación social, política, económica y religiosa de los condados catalanes.
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Kuprys, Simonas. "ALU SystemC modelių tyrimas ir kūrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_143933-26512.
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Magistro darbe analizuojami aritmetinio loginio įtaiso (ALU) modeliai, operacijos ir architektūros. Išanalizavus mokslinę literatūrą, pasirenkama ALU architektūra bei atliekamų operacijų aibė. Realizuojamas dviejų pakopų sudalintos operacijų aibės ALU modelis. Atlikus apibendrinimą atliekami eksperimentai. Eksperimento modeliai modifikuojami – atliekamas ALU operacijų sudalinimas tarp ALU ir valdančios logikos (CU) operacijų poaibių. Nagrinėjami konkrečių ALU operacijų atlikimo pirmos arba antros pakopos modulyje pranašumai ir trūkumai. Sukurti parametrizuoti (bendriniai) ALU modeliai su kintamo duomenų pločio operandais. ALU modeliai aprašyti aparatūros aprašymo kalba SystemC, sumodeliuoti ir susintezuoti. Gauti ALU SystemC modelių sintezės rezultatai parodė operacijų aibės sudalinimo bei skirtumo tarp retai ir dažnai naudojamų operacijų perkėlimo į skirtingas pakopas poveikį pagrindinėms lusto charakteristikoms: plotui, signalo vėlinimui ir energijos suvartojimui. Optimalus operacijų aibės sudalinimas dviejų pakopų architektūroje leidžia pasiekti reikiamos projektuojamo įtaiso charakteristikos pagerėjimą. Taikant šį metodą, galima kritinei (daug aparatūros resursų naudojančiai) ALU operacijai sudaryti mažesnį plotą luste užimantį arba mažiau energijos suvartojantį ALU variantą.This work studies arithmetic logic unit (ALU) models, operations and architectures. ALU architecture and operation set is chosen based on the analysis of the known scientific publications. Two-stage divided operation set ALU model is implemented and used for the experiments. The experimental ALU models are modified using different variants of partitioning of ALU operation set, when ALU operations are divided between main ALU block and control unit (CU). Pros and cons of ALU operation performance in the first or the second stage are examined. Developed generic ALU models can be instatiated for data operands with variable data width. ALU models are coded in a high-level hardware description language SystemC, simulated and synthesized. The results of ALU SystemC model synthesis showed the effect of the division of the operation set on the main chip characteristics: area, delay and energy consumption and the difference of subdivision of rare or often used operations into different ALU stages. Optimal subdivision of operation set in two-stage ALU architecture allows getting a better performance of the designed device. Using this method the designer can select an instance of ALU that has a smaller area and consumes less energy for critical (using more hardware resources) operation.
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Börner, Eric. "Saisonale Dynamik der Mykorrhizierung und des Vorkommens von Endophyten und potentiellen Pathogenen an Buchenfeinwurzeln auf zwei Kalkstandorten bei unterschiedlicher Hiebsintensität." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969738862.
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Schneider, Tanja. "Humane Alu-Sequenzen als Surrogat-Marker für die Metastasierung in humanen Xenograft-Tiermodellen." Diss., lmu, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-6568.
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Schlütke, Laura Maria [Verfasser], and Conrad [Akademischer Betreuer] Kunick. "Neue Purinderivate als Inhibitoren der Proteinkinase ALK / Laura Maria Schlütke ; Betreuer: Conrad Kunick." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1175818720/34.
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Bernhardt, Marit [Verfasser], and Guido [Akademischer Betreuer] Sauter. "ALY/REF als unabhängiger prognostischer Parameter im Prostatakarzinom / Marit Bernhardt ; Betreuer: Guido Sauter." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1197801308/34.
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Mohammad, Rezek Mahmoud Salim. "The Electronic Band Structure Of Iii (in, Al, Ga)-v (n, As, Sb) Compounds And Ternary Alloys." Phd thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606292/index.pdf.
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In this work, the electronic band structure of III (In, Al, Ga) - V (N, As, Sb)
compounds and their ternary alloys have been investigated by density functional
theory (DFT) within generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and empirical
tight binding (ETB) calculations, respectively.
The present DFT-GGA calculations have shown direct band gap structures
in zinc-blende phase for InN, InAs, InSb, GaN, and GaAs. However, indirect
band gap structures have been obtained for cubic AlN, AlSb and AlAs com-
poundshere, the conduction band minima of both AlN and AlAs are located at X symmetry point, while that of AlSb is at a position lying along Gamma- X direction. An important part of this work consists of ETB calculations which have been parameterized for sp3d2 basis and nearest neighbor interactions to study the band gap bowing of III(In
Al)- V(N
As
Sb) ternary alloys. This ETB model provides a satisfactory electronic properties of alloys within reasonable calculation time compared to the calculations of DFT. Since the present ETB energy parameters reproduce successfully the band structures of the compounds at ¡
and X symme- try points, they are considered reliable for the band gap bowing calculations of the ternary alloys. In the present work, the band gap engineering of InNxAs1¡
x, InNxSb1¡
x, InAsxSb1¡
x, Al1¡
xInxN, Al1¡
xInxSb and Al1¡
xInxAs alloys has been studied for total range of constituents (0 <
x <
1). The downward band gap bowing seems the largest in InNxAs1¡
x alloys among the alloys considered in this work. A metallic character of InNxAs1¡
x, InNxSb1¡
x and InAsxSb1¡
x has been ob- tained in the present calculations for certain concentration range of constituents (N
As) as predicted in the literature. Even for a small amount of contents (x), a decrease of the electronic e®
ective mass around ¡
symmetry point appears for InNxAs1-x, InNxSb1-x and InAsxSb1-x alloys manifesting itself by an increase of the band curvature. The calculated cross over from indirect to direct band gap of ternary Al alloys has been found to be consistent with the measurements. As a last summary, the determinations of the band gaps of alloys as a function of contents, the concentration range of con- stituents leading to metallic character of the alloys, the change of the electronic effective mass around the Brillioun zone center (Gamma) as a function of alloy contents, the cross over from indirect to direct band gap of the alloys which are direct on one end, indirect on the other end, are main achievements in this work, indispensable for the development of mate- rials leading to new modern circuit components.
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Fedorenko, Viktoriia. "Atomic layer deposition on three dimensional silicon substrates for optical biosensors applications." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT183/document.
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Ce manuscrit de thèse présente les recherches et les applications potentielles en tant que plate-forme (bio) capteur des couches minces conformes de ZnO et / ou Al2O3 / ZnO nanolaminates, déposées par dépôt de couche atomique (ALD) sur les différents substrats. Tout d'abord, une étude des propriétés optiques des films minces ZnO (20 et 50 nm) déposés par la technique ALD sur les grandes zones de nanofils de silicium ordonné (SiNW), réalisée en combinant la lithographie à la nanosphère et la gravure chimique à base de métal, a été réalisée. Ces méthodes ont permis la morphologie et le contrôle organisationnel des SiNW sur une grande surface. L'étude détaillée des propriétés structurales et optiques de l'hétérostructure SiNWs / ZnO à noyau-coquille a été réalisée en utilisant respectivement la spectroscopie XRD, SEM, de réflectance et de photoluminescence. L'intégration des tableaux SiNWs en tant que noyau et ZnO comme coque peut avoir un impact important sur le développement d'éléments de détection avec des propriétés améliorées. Dans les recherches ultérieures, des films ZnO formés par ALD en tant que plate-forme de biocapteur optique pour la détection des protéines de type A du virus Grapevine (antigènes GVA) ont été représentés. La détection de l'antigène GVA a été effectuée en utilisant les changements dans le comportement de la bande PL liée à la GVA. La sélectivité du biocapteur a été prouvée. La possibilité de détecter les antigènes GVA sans étiquettes supplémentaires a été démontrée. Ainsi, on a développé un biosensor à base de photoluminescence à base de photoluminescence libre pour les antigènes GVA. Une autre partie de notre étude est un contrôle spécifique de l'ancrage des protéines par le développement d'une surface multifonctionnelle avec une grande gamme de sphères de polystyrène (PSS), produite par la lithographie de nanosphère et bloquant davantage l'adsorption non spécifique des protéines à la surface du PSS par SAM de PEG. La microscopie d'épifluorescence a été utilisée pour confirmer qu'après l'immersion de l'échantillon sur la protéine cible (avidine et anti-avidine), ces dernières sont spécifiquement situées sur une sphère de polystyrène. Ces résultats sont significatifs pour l'exploration de dispositifs basés sur un nanoarray à grande échelle de sphères de PS et peuvent être utilisés pour la détection de protéines cibles ou simplement pour structurer une surface avec des protéines spécifiques. Notre recherche comprend également l'ajustement des propriétés structurelles et l'amélioration des propriétés électroniques et optiques des nanolaminés 1D PAN ZnO / Al2O3 conçus par dépôt de couche atomique (ALD) et électrospinning. Les propriétés structurelles et optiques de Al2O3 / ZnO déterminées à partir des analyses XPS, TEM, FTIR, XRD et PL. L'amélioration des propriétés électroniques et optiques permettrait l'application dans différents domaines de tels capteurs et biosensorsThis thesis manuscript presents the investigations and potential applications as a (bio)sensor platform of the conform thin layers of ZnO and/or Al2O3/ZnO nanolaminates, deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on the various substrates. First, a study of the optical properties of ZnO thin films (20 and 50 nm) deposited by ALD technique on the large areas of ordered silicon nanowires (SiNWs), produced by combining nanosphere lithography and metal-assisted chemical etching, was performed. These methods allowed the morphology and the organization control of SiNWs on a large area. The detailed study of structural and optical properties of core-shell SiNWs/ZnO heterostructure was done by utilizing XRD, SEM, reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopy, respectively. Integration of SiNWs arrays as core and ZnO as shell can have a strong impact on the development of sensing elements with improved properties. In the further investigations, ZnO films formed by ALD as an optical biosensor platform for the detection of Grapevine virus A-type proteins (GVA-antigens) were represented. The GVA-antigen detection was performed using the changes in the GVA related PL band behavior. The biosensor selectivity has been proved. The possibility to detect GVA-antigens without additional labels has been demonstrated. Thus, label free and sensitive photoluminescence based biosensor for GVA-antigens has been developed. Another part of our study is a specific control of protein anchoring by the development of multifunctional surface with large-scale array of polystyrene spheres (PSS), which produced by nanosphere lithography and further blocking the unspecific adsorption of protein on the surface of the PSS by PEG SAMs. The epifluorescence microscopy was used to confirm that after immersion of sample on target protein (avidin and anti-avidin) solution, the latter are specifically located on polystyrene sphere. These results are meaningful for exploration of devices based on large-scale nanoarray of PS spheres and can be used for detection of target proteins or simply to pattern a surface with specific proteins. Our research also includes the tuning of structural properties and the enhancement of electronic and optical properties of 1D PAN ZnO/Al2O3 nanolaminates designed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and electrospinning. The structural and optical properties of Al2O3/ ZnO determined from the XPS, TEM, FTIR, XRD and PL analysis. The enhancement of electronic and optical properties would allow application in different fields such sensors and biosensors
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Smail, Robert A. "Wisconsin all terrain vehicle owners : recreational motivations and attitudes toward regulation /." Link to full text, 2007. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/thesis/2007/Smail.pdf.
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Lindvall, Jonas, and Heidi Hedberg. "Erfarenheter av att drabbas av och att leva med ALS : En kvalitativ litteraturstudie." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap (HV), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-24120.
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Pilli, Aparna. "Atomic Layer Deposition of Boron Oxide and Boron Nitride for Ultrashallow Doping and Capping Applications." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1752373/.
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The deposition of boron oxide (B₂O₃) films on silicon substrates is of significant interest in microelectronics for ultrashallow doping applications. However, thickness control and conformality of such films has been an issue in high aspect ratio 3D structures which have long replaced traditional planar transistor architectures. B₂O₃ films are also unstable in atmosphere, requiring a suitable capping barrier for passivation. The growth of continuous, stoichiometric B₂O₃ and boron nitride (BN) films has been demonstrated in this dissertation using Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) and enhanced ALD methods for doping and capping applications.
Low temperature ALD of B₂O₃ was achieved using BCl₃/H₂O precursors at 300 K. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to assess the purity and stoichiometry of deposited films with a high reported growth rate of ~2.5 Å/cycle. Free-radical assisted ALD of B₂O₃ was also demonstrated using non-corrosive trimethyl borate (TMB) precursor, in conjunction with mixed O₂/O-radical effluent, at 300 K. The influence of O₂/O flux on TMB-saturated Si surface was investigated using in situ XPS, residual gas analysis mass spectrometer (RGA-MS) and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations (AIMD). Both low and high flux regimes were studied in order to understand the trade-off between ligand removal and B₂O₃ growth rate. Optimization of precursor flux was discovered to be imperative in plasma and radical-assisted ALD processes.
BN was investigated as a novel capping barrier for B₂O₃ and B-Si-oxide films. A BN capping layer, deposited using BCl₃/NH₃ ALD at 600 K, demonstrated excellent stoichiometry and consistent growth rate (1.4 Å/cycle) on both films. Approximately 13 Å of BN was sufficient to protect ~13 Å of B₂O₃ and ~5 Å of B-Si-oxide from atmospheric moisture and prevent volatile boric acid formation. BN/B₂O₃/Si heterostructures are also stable at high temperatures (>1000 K) commonly used for dopant drive-in and activation. BN shows great promise in preventing upward boron diffusion which causes a loss in the dopant dose concentration in Si.
The capping effects of BN were extended to electrochemical battery applications. ALD of BN was achieved on solid Li-garnet electrolytes using halide-free tris(dimethylamino)borane precursor, in conjunction with NH₃ at 723 K. Approximately 3 nm of BN cap successfully inhibited Li₂CO₃ formation, which is detrimental to Li-based electrolytes. BN capped Li-garnets demonstrated ambient stability for at least 2 months of storage in air as determined by XPS. BN also played a crucial role in stabilizing Li anode/electrolyte interface, which drastically reduced interfacial resistance to 18 Ω.cm², improved critical current density and demonstrated excellent capacitance retention of 98% over 100 cycles. This work established that ALD is key to achieving conformal growth of BN as a requirement for Li dendrite suppression, which in turn influences battery life and performance.
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Baba-Ali, Mehdi. "Système de nomination hiérarchique pour les systèmes paramétriques." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Baba-Ali-Mehdi/2010-Baba-Ali-Mehdi-These.pdf.
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Au début des années 60, les systèmes de modélisation géométrique sont apparus. D'abord cantonnés à de simples outils d'esquisse, ils ont su, au fil des années, se doter de modèles géométriques plus élaborés (tant sur l'aspect plongement avec les courbes et surfaces paramétriques ou les surfaces implicites que sur l'aspect topologie avec des modèles à base combinatoire) et des informations additionnelles permettant la gestion de divers aspects du processus de modélisation industrielle. Les modèles géométriques permettent de décrire des formes géométriques en s'appuyant sur des structures topologiques très variées. Cependant, les opérations de modèlisation menant à ces descriptions ne prennent pas en compte les intentions de l'utilisateur du fait qu'elles n'utilisent ni son langage, ni ses gestes et moins encore son expérience métier. C'est pourquoi on a associé aux modèles géométriques initiaux des informations supplémentaires connues sous le terme de caractéristiques (features) et en particulier les caractéristiques de formes (rainure, bossage, arrondi, etc. ). Si la description par caractéristiques (géométrie, paramètres des opérations de modèlisation de haut niveau, contraintes) est enregistrée pour être exploitée dans la perspective d'être réutilisée (réévaluée en faisant varier les paramètres), on parle alors de modèlisation paramétrique basée historique (ou history-based en terminologie anglo-saxonne). Aussi, un modèle paramétrique, de par sa structure duale, pose le problème de la nomination persistante qui dérive de la nécessité de maintenir un lien entre la géométrie et sa représentation implicite en termes de script de modèlisation. Dans ce contexte, plusieurs solutions ont été proposées. Chacune d'entre elles s'efforce de caractériser (de façon unique et non ambigüe) puis apparier (c’est-à-dire mettre en correspondance) les entités des modèles initial et réévalué. Dans un environnement 3D extrêmement variant, les approches actuelles s'appuient sur des éléments invariants -les faces- pour mettre en oeuvre différents procédés de caractérisation. En les étudiant de plus près, on constate d'une part que ces procédés ne proposent pas de caractérisation homogène pour les entités ou les agrégats d'entités de dimension supèrieure ou égale à 3. Cela limite la généralisation en toute dimension des mécanismes de nomination (caractérisation et appariement). D'autre part, ces méthodes pêchent de façon plus ou moins importante lorsqu'il s'agit de manipuler des objets dans un contexte non-planaire. Dans ce mémoire, nous nous intéressons à la nomination persistante et homogène des entités de toute dimension (sommets, arêtes, agrégats d'arêtes, faces, agrégats de faces (« coques »), volumes, agrégats de volumes, etc. ) et celles résultant de l'interaction d'objets non-planaires. Pour ce faire, nous proposons une plate-forme hiérarchique mettant en scène, par des relations d'agrégations, des entités de n'importe quelle dimension. Notre idée est alors de commencer par nommer, c’est-à-dire caractériser et apparier, les entités de la plus petite dimension exploitable : les arêtes. La gestion des noms au niveau des arêtes s'effectue principalement via un graphe traçant l'évolution de ces entités au cours du processus de modèlisation paramétrique. Ensuite, nous faisons en sorte d'exploiter l'appariement calculé entre ces arêtes, en parcourant la structure hiérarchique et agrègative, afin d'en déduire celui entre les entités de dimension supèrieure. Notre solution est implantée sur un noyau géométrique basé sur le modèle des cartes généraliséesNowadays, many parametric systems support history-based , constraint-based and feature-based modelling. Unfortunately, most systems fail during the reevaluation phase when various kind of topological changes occur. This issue is known as “persistent naming”. It refers to the problem of identifying entities in an initial parametric model and matching them in the reevaluated model. Several solutions have been proposed to solve this problem, but they remain insufficient. In this thesis, we focus on the persistent and homogeneous naming of entities in any dimension (vertices, edges, aggregates of edges, faces; aggregates of faces (“shells”), volumes, aggregates of volumes, etc) and entities resulting from the intersection of non-planar objects. To do that, we propose a hierarchical platform which gathers, by relations of aggregations, entities of any dimension. Our idea is then, to begin by naming (i. E. ) to characterize and to map) the smaller usable entities: the edges. The management of names of the edges is mainly carried out by a graph tracing the evolution of these entities during the process of parametric modelling. Then, we used the computed matching between these edges by exploiting the hierarchical and aggregative structure of the topological model, in order to deduce the matching between the entities of higher dimension. Our solution is implemented on a geometric kerned based on the generalized maps model
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Pousi, B. (Birgitta). "Mutations in the gene of lysyl hydroxylase of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VI." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 1999. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514253175.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
Lysyl hydroxylase (EC 1.14.11.4, procollagen-lysine 2-oxoglutarate
5-dioxygenase, PLOD) catalyses the formation of hydroxylysine in
collagens and in the other collagen like proteins. Hydroxylysine
participates in the formation of cross-links between collagen molecules
and can bind to the carbohydrates, galactose and glucosylgalactose.
Patients with the type VIA Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) have characteristically
a deficiency in hydroxylysine of collagen in their skin that is caused
by reduced activity of lysyl hydroxylase 1. In this work the mutations
were studied in detail in four different Ehlers-Danlos VIA patients.
The first patient characterized in this study had a duplication
of seven exons in the lysyl hydroxylase gene 1. The mutation was
caused by homologous recombination of two identical 44-nucleotide
regions of Alu sequences in introns 9 and 16 in the gene. This study
also suggests that uniparental isodisomy does not explain the homozygosity
of the mutation.
The second patient was found to have two mutations in the
gene for lysyl hydroxylase 1 in a compound heterozygote state. The
study resulted in the discovery of the first deletion mutation in
the gene. The deletion was caused by an Alu-Alu recombination that
removes about 3 kb from the gene including all the exon 17 sequences.
The other mutation causes deletion of exon 16 from the mRNA. Deletion
of the penultimate nucleotide of intron 15 destroys the consensus
sequence of the intron/exon boundary and thus causes the
deletion.
The third patient was described to have a nonsense codon in
exon 14 of one allele which causes a reduction in the amount of
lysyl hydroxylase mRNA and leads to aberrant RNA splicing in the
cell. The other allele was concluded to be operationally null.
In the last work two novel null mutations were found in the
gene for lysyl hydroxylase 1. The first was a one nucleotide deletion
in the acceptor splice site of intron 4 and the other an insertion
of a C nucleotide in exon 2. The abnormal alleles lead to markedly
decreased lysyl hydroxylase mRNA levels. This work revealed many
exon deleted splicing variants of lysyl hydroxylase mRNA which were
first discovered in affected cells, but traces of similarly spliced
mRNA species were also found in the cytoplasm of normal human skin
fibroblasts. These data indicate that the splicing machinery of the
cell is leaky.
In this thesis, several types of stuctural mutations in the
DNA were found to be responsible for lysyl hydroxylase deficiency
in patients with type VIA variant of EDS. The different mechanisms causing
these mutations were also studied in detail.
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Haas, Anna-Lena [Verfasser], Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Alt-Epping, and Julie [Gutachter] Schanz. "Symptomkontrolle und Lebensqualität als primärer Endpunkt klinischer Studien - ein "Systematic Review" / Anna-Lena Haas ; Gutachter: Bernd Alt-Epping, Julie Schanz ; Betreuer: Bernd Alt-Epping." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1145292208/34.
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Ferreira, Daniela Maranho. "Estudos de sistemas nanocarreadores para o ácido 5-aminolevulínico (5-ALA) e seu éster derivado (8-ALA) aplicados na Eletroquimioterapia e Terapia Fotodinâmica contra o câncer de pele." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60137/tde-02102012-101322/.
Full textAbstract:
Neste trabalho foi investigada a ação fotodinâmica dos pró-fármacos 5-ALA e 8-ALA incorporados em nanopartículas de quitosana, através da incidência de luz em células de melanoma, utilizando sinergicamente a Eletroquimioterapia e a Terapia Fotodinâmica. O ácido 5-aminolevulínico (5-ALA) e seus ésteres derivados são precursores metabólicos da protoporfirina IX (PpIX) e apresentam uma penetração limitada no estrato córneo. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver, caracterizar e avaliar o efeito fotodinâmico das nanopartículas de quitosana contendo os pró-fármacos 5-ALA e seu éster derivado 8-ALA e investigar a produção efetiva de PpIX. Concomitantemente, o efeito sinérgico da Eletroquimioterapia (ECT) com a TFD também foi estudado com a finalidade de aumentar a permeação dos fármacos fotossensibilizantes através da pele, aumentando a eficiência da TFD no tratamento de neoplasias cutâneas. As nanopartículas de quitosana foram obtidas pelo método de gelificação ionotrópica, produzindo nanopartículas em tamanho nanométrico (636,0 nm ± 6,5), com uma distribuição de tamanho homogênea (0,37), além de apresentar um potencial zeta significantemente positivo + 35,3 mV (± 2,21). Seu perfil de liberação e capacidade de incorporação de 80% dos pró-fármacos também foi determinado. Os estudos de citotoxicidade na ausência de luz demonstraram o caráter biocompatível das nanopartículas de quitosana desenvolvidas, assim como a produção significativa de PpIX e foi possível comprovar o excelente efeito fototóxico da formulação desenvolvida. Os estudos de sinergismo da ECT com a TFD comprovaram que a combinação das nanopartículas de quitosana contendo os pró-fármacos, com aplicação de microcorrentes de 400 ?A e dose de luz de 3 J/cm2, nestas condições apresentou uma morte celular significativa.This study investigated the photodynamic action of the prodrug 5-ALA and 8-ALA into chitosan nanoparticles, through the light incidence in melanoma cells, using synergistically the Electrochemotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy. The 5- aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and its ester derivatives are metabolic precursors of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and have a limited penetration in the stratum corneum. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop, characterize and evaluate the photodynamic effect of chitosan nanoparticles containing the prodrug 5-ALA and its ester derivative 8-ALA. Besides, was investigated the effective production of PpIX. Concomitantly, the synergistic effect of Electrochemotherapy (ECT) with PDT was also studied for the purpose of increasing the permeation of drugs through the skin, enhancing the efficiency of the PDT in the treatment of skin cancers. Chitosan nanoparticles were obtained by the ionotropic gelation producing nanoparticles in nanosize (636.0 ± 6.5 nm), with a homogenous size distribution (0.37), and present a significantly positive zeta potential + 35.3 mV (± 2.21). Release profile and ability to incorporate 80% of the prodrug was also determined. The cytotoxicity studies demonstrated in the absence of light the biocompatible nature of chitosan nanoparticles developed, as well as the significant production of PpIX and it was possible to demonstrate the excellent effect of phototoxic formulation developed. The synergism studies of ECT with PDT have shown that the combination of chitosan nanoparticles containing prodrugs, applying microcurrents 400 ?A and light dose of 3 J/cm2 under these conditions showed a significant cell death.
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Leroy, Félix. "Atteinte différentielle de deux populations de motoneurones spinaux chez le souriceau SOD1 G93A (modèle de la maladie de Charcot)." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05T063/document.
Full textAbstract:
La deuxième semaine qui suit la naissance est critique pour le développement du système locomoteur de la souris. C’est pendant cette semaine que les souriceaux acquièrent leur posture et commencent à marcher. Cette transformation implique une réorganisation en profondeur des éléments composant les unités motrices. Cependant, nous ne savons encore que peu de choses sur la différenciation des propriétés intrinsèques des motoneurones innervant les fibres musculaires. Contrairement à l’adulte, où la décharge démarre au début de la stimulation, les motoneurones de souriceaux déchargent de façon hétérogène. En effet, une stimulation au seuil induit chez certains motoneurones une décharge commençant au début du créneau alors que la décharge est retardée dans d’autres motoneurones. Par des enregistrements de motoneurones sur des tranches de moelle épinière à P6-P10, j’ai dans un premier temps caractérisé les courants sous‐tendant la décharge retardée et j’ai constaté que deux conductances potassiques (l’une ressemblant au courant de type A et l’autre très lente) étaient activées autour du seuil de décharge. Lorsqu’elles s’activent, ces conductances sont capables d’hyperpolariser le potentiel de membrane et d’empêcher le motoneurone de décharger. Puis, en s’inactivant, la membrane se dépolarise et le neurone commence à décharger avec un retard pouvant aller jusqu’à plusieurs secondes après le début du créneau. En outre, les deux populations de motoneurones présentent des propriétés électro-physiologiques et morphologiques différentes. Les motoneurones à décharge retardée possèdent un arbre dendritique plus ramifié que ceux à décharge immédiate. En conséquence, les motoneurones à décharge retardée possèdent une conductance d’entrée et un seuil de recrutement plus faible. De plus le temps de relaxation de l’hyperpolarisation suivant chaque potentiel d’action (AHP) est plus long dans les motoneurones à décharge immédiate. Enfin, une partie des motoneurones à décharge retardée exprime la protéine chondrolectine récemment décrite comme un marqueur moléculaire des motoneurones de type rapide. L’ensemble de nos résultats nous permet de faire l’hypothèse que les motoneurones à décharge retardée sont des motoneurones innervant les unités motrices de type rapide alors que ceux à décharge immédiate innervent les unités motrices de type lent. Dans un second temps, j’ai étudié l’effet de la mutation SOD1 G93A, un modèle murin de la sclérose latérale amyotrophique, sur les motoneurones spinaux à P6‐P10. Sachant que cette maladie affecte les motoneurones de façon différente à l’âge adulte, j’ai cherché à savoir si, chez les souriceaux SOD1 G93A, les motoneurones à décharge retardée et immédiate étaient affectés de la même façon. Mes résultats montrent que seuls les motoneurones à décharge immédiate sont hyperexcitables. Pour ces motoneurones, le seuil de décharge est plus hyperpolarisé et leurs dendrites sont plus courtes de 35%. Ces résultats amènent à reconsidérer le lien supposé entre hyperexcitabilité et dégénérescence des motoneuronesIn the second postnatal week, the locomotor behavior of mice changes from crawling to walking. This is made possible by profound changes in motor units. Yet, how the discharge properties of spinal motoneurons evolve during post-‐natal maturation and whether they have an effect on the motor unit maturation remains an open question. In neonates, the spinal motoneurons display two modes of discharge. For threshold pulses, 33% of the motoneurons have a discharge that start at the current onset and adapts during the pulse (“immediate firing motoneurons”). The remaining 66% motoneurons fire with a large delay and the discharge then accelerates throughout the pulse (“delayed firing motoneurons”). Though the delayed firing pattern is quite common in spinal motoneurons of neonates, the ionic mechanisms that elicit this mode of discharge have received little attention. Using the patch-clamp technique to record P6‐P10 mouse motoneurons in a spinal cord slice preparation, I characterized the ionic currents that underlie the delayed firing pattern. This is caused by a combination of an A-like potassium current that acts on a short time scale and a slow‐inactivating potassium current that delays the discharge on a much longer time scale. I then investigated how these two potassium currents contribute to the recruitment threshold and how they shape the F-I function of delayed motoneurons in neonatal mice. The slow inactivating potassium current induces memory effects that have a strong impact on motoneuron excitability and on its discharge. Building on these results, I tried to correlate the discharge pattern to known physiological sub‐types. The delayed firing motoneurons have a larger input conductance, a higher rheobase, a narrower action potential, a shorter AHP and a more complex dendritic arbor than the immediate firing motoneurons. Additionally, only a sub-‐population of the delayed firing motoneurons expressed the chondrolectin protein, a fast motoneuron marker. Based on this body of corroborating evidence, the immediate firing motoneurons would be slow type motoneurons whereas the delayed firing motoneurons would be fast type motoneurons. Finally, numerous electrical and geometrical abnormalities have been observed in spinal motoneurons of SOD1 G934 mice (model of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) during the second post-natal week but the results were somehow contradictory. In relation to the known differential sensitivity to the disease exhibited by slow and fast motoneurons, I investigated whether the immediate and delayed firing motoneurons are equally affected by the SOD1 mutation. This is not the case. I found that the SOD1 mutation induced a decrease in the rheobase and a hyperpolarization of the voltage threshold only in the immediate firing motoneurons, thereby making them more excitable than in WT mice. Furthermore, the dendrites of the immediate firing motoneurons are substantially shorter (about 35%) in the mutant than in the WT. In sharp contrast, the excitability of the delayed firing motoneurons is unchanged and the dendritic tree is nearly unaffected (the dendrites only undergo a 10% elongation). These results allow for reconsidering the link between hyperexcitability and degenerescence of the motoneurons
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Paulini, Zoltan. "Revisão de alguns axiomas da teoria contemporânea da música e sua consequência na composição." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/17839.
Full textAbstract:
PAULINYI, Zoltan. Revisão de alguns axiomas da teoria contemporânea da música e sua
consequência na composição. 1111 f. Tese de doutoramento. Departamento de Música da
Universidade de Évora, Portugal, 2013.
A partir do século XX, a teoria musical desenvolveu-se rapidamente incorporando premissas
que não sofreram suficiente reflexão acadêmica. Este estudo objetiva delimitar a validade de
alguns destes axiomas e aplicá-los em composição de obras originais. Os principais axiomas
tratam da inversão melódica, harmônica e fonética, da equivalência de oitavas heptatônicas,
da teoria de contornos, da retificação de algoritmos oni-intervalares, da espacialização sonora,
da objetividade de critérios estéticos na própria escrita musical. Defende-se a tese de que
axiomas divergentes podem ser combinados numa mesma obra sem ferir sua integridade ou
coerência, sendo necessário utilizá-los dentro de seus domínios de validade: e.g. alturas e
intervalos em melodia, classes de alturas e de intervalos em harmonia. Os principais produtos
desta tese são composições que utilizam estruturalmente a oni-intervalaridade,
onicontornidade e onimicromodalidade, além de obras vocais que aplicam operações
apofônicas de inversão e retrogradação da fonologia vetorial; ABSTRACT: PAULINYI, Zoltan. Revision of some axioms of the contemporary music theory and its
consequences in composition. 1108 pp. Doctoral thesis. Music Department of the University
of Évora, Portugal, 2013.
Since the 20th century, the musical theory quickly evolved embodying premises that have not
received enough academic pondering. This study aims to delimit the validity of some of these
axioms and apply them for composing original works. The main axioms refer to melodic,
harmonic and phonetic inversion, heptatonic octave equivalence, contours theory, rectification
of all-interval algorithms, sound spatialization, objectivity of aesthetic criteria in the musical
writing. This thesis supports that divergent axioms, used within their validity domains, can be
combined in the same work without damaging its integrity and coherence: e.g. pitches and
intervals in a melody, pitch classes and interval classes in harmony. The thesis main outputs
are pieces that have all-interval, all-contours and all-micromodes structure, and vocal works
that apply inversion and retrogradation apophonic operations from vectorial phonology.
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Ramachandran, Sridhar. "Investigating the male-driven evolution hypothesis using human Alurepeat elements." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1166132503.
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Aly, Ragaa Aly Taha. "Einfluss der Schwermetalle Zink, Cadmium und Blei auf Wachstum und Nährstoffaufnahme von Acacia saligna, Casuarina equisetifolia und Cupressus sempervirens." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2002/aly/aly.pdf.
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English, Bertis Deon. "Civil wars and civil beings violence, religion, race, politics, education, culture, and agrarianism in Perry County, Alabama, 1860-1875 /." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Dissertations/ENGLISH_BERTIS_9.pdf.
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Lindberg, Alexandra, and Nelly Lindblom. "Personers upplevelser av att leva med sjukdomen ALS (amyotrofisk lateralskleros) : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4595.
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Bakgrund: ALS är en ständigt progredierande sjukdom som medför att muskelfunktionen reduceras. Detta pågår tills personen inte längre kan röra sig eller tala och till slut drabbas andningsorganen. Det leder slutligen till att personen avlider. Att drabbas av en obotlig sjukdom är en livsförändrande omställning vilket utsätter både den drabbade personen och dennes anhöriga för psykisk ohälsa. Syfte: Att beskriva personers upplevelser av att leva med ALS. Metod: Denna litteraturöversikt har inkluderat elva vetenskapliga artiklar som hämtats från CINAHL Complete och PubMed. Vald metod har utformats efter Fribergs metod. Resultat: I litteraturöversiktens resultat framkom fyra teman och två subteman. Dessa var: Upplevelsen av förlorad kontroll, Personers upplevelse av den fysiska förlusten och dess hantering (subtema), Personers upplevelse av att inte veta vad som kommer att hända (subtema), Personers upplevda sociala isolering, Hur hjälp och information upplevdes av personerna och Personers upplevelse av hur familjerelationer påverkas av ALS. Diskussion: Resultatet diskuterades utefter vetenskapliga artiklar som diskuteras utifrån Travelbee’s definition av människa. De dominerande faktorerna berörde oro inför framtiden och en negativt förändrad självbild, att behålla en positiv syn relaterat till hopp samt isolering.Background: ALS is a constant progressive disease that causes reduced muscle function. This continues until the person is no longer able to move or speak and eventually affects the respiratory organs. This will ultimately lead to the person’s death. To suffer from an incurable disease is a life-changing transformation that puts great mental distress on both the affected person and on the person's relatives. Aim: The aim is to describe the experiences of people living with ALS. Method: This literature study has included eleven scientific papers taken from the databases CINAHL Complete and PubMed. The method has been designed by Friberg. The consensus concept the human being has been used. Results: The results of this literature study revealed four themes and two subthemes. These themes were The experience of not being in control, The experience of the physical loss and how to handle it (subtheme), The experience of not knowing what is going to happen (subtheme), The experience of social isolation, How help and information was perceived by the persons with ALS and Persons’ experience of how family relations are affected by ALS. Discussions: The results were discussed based on relevant scientific papers linked to Travelbee's definition of the human being. The dominating factors that were discussed from the results were a concern regarding the future and a negatively changed self-image, to maintain a positive attitude related to hope and isolation.
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Muniz, Filho Raimundo Clecio Dantas. "Aplicação de métodos de resolução de curvas multivariada a dados experimentais gerados por diferentes técnicas analíticas = uma visão exploratória da biossíntese da violaceína." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/248546.
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Orientador: Márcia Miguel Castro FerreiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Resumo: A aplicação de métodos de resolução de curvas multivariada (MCR-ALS e PARAFAC) a dados de espectroscopia de fluorescência multicomprimento de onda, absorção molecular e cromatografia líquida de ultra eficiência com detecção por espectrometria de massas foi avaliada como um nova e complementar metodologia para se obter informação inicial sobre a biossíntese de produtos naturais. Para demonstrar o poder dessa proposta, a biossíntese da violaceína pela Chromobacterium violaceum foi usada como exemplo. A violaceína é um metabólito secundário que exibe amplo espectro de atividade biológica e o entendimento de sua rota biossintética pode ser de grande interesse para o planejamento de fármacos. Para tanto, uma cultura da C. violaceum foi cultivada em biorreator, onde, a cada duas horas, alíquotas do meio de cultura eram coletadas para subsequentes análises. Na primeira parte deste trabalho, as matrizes de emissão-excitação das amostras revelaram o comportamento dinâmico de fluoróforos envolvidos na biossíntese. O método de análise de fatores paralelos (PARAFAC) foi aplicado para resolver os perfis de fluorescência, onde seis espectros puros de emissão e excitação foram obtidos e suas relações com a biossíntese da violaceína estabelecidas. Na segunda parte, o método de resolução de curvas multivariada por quadrados mínimos alternados (MCR-ALS) foi utilizado para extrair informações simultâneas dos dados gerados por UV-VIS, fluorescência e UPLC-MS das amostras coletadas durante a biossíntese. Cinco compostos foram resolvidos e informações espectrais e temporais dessas espécies foram obtidas. Compostos com massas moleculares de 453, 465 e 479 u, até então não reportados na literatura como intermediários dessa biossíntese, foram identificados. Por fim, a metodologia baseada na aplicação de métodos de resolução de curvas MCR-ALS e PARAFAC provou ser uma poderosa ferramenta para investigar a biossíntese de produtos naturais
Abstract:The application of Multivariate Curve Resolution methods (MCR-ALS and PARAFAC) into multi-wavelength fluorescence spectroscopy, molecular absorption and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry data was evaluated as a new and complementary approach for the initial analysis of the biosynthesis of fluorescent natural products. To demonstrate the usefulness of this methodology, violacein biosynthesis by Chromobacterium violaceum was used as an example. Violacein is a secondary metabolite that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities and the understanding of its biosynthetic pathway can be of great interest for drug design. Therefore, a culture of C. violaceum was grown in a bioreactor from which aliquots were collected every two hours for subsequent analysis. In the first part of this work, the excitation¿emission matrices of the samples have revealed the dynamic behavior of the fluorophores involved in this biosynthesis. The parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) method was applied to resolve the fluorescence profiles where six pure emission and excitation spectra were obtained and their relationship with violacein biosynthesis established. In the second part, the multivariate curve resolution procedure based on alternating least squares optimization (MCR-ALS) was used for extracting information from fused data (UV-VIS absorption, fluorescence and ultra-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry) gathered during the violacein biosynthesis. Five chemical components were resolved from which spectral and temporal information were obtained. Compounds with molecular masses 453, 465 and 479 u, until now unreported as intermediate of this biosynthesis, were identified. Finally, the methodology based on the application of curve resolution methods PARAFAC and MCR-ALS has proven to be a unique and powerful tool to achieve a deeper insight of the biosynthesis of natural products
Doutorado
Físico-Química
Doutor em Ciências
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Tucker, Nadria. "The heaviest corner on earth." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010m/tucker.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed June 30, 2010). Additional advisors: Daniel Anderson, Michele Forman, Daniel Siegel. Short stories. Includes bibliographical references (p. vi).
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Rabura, Sebastian. "Bedeutung der Endothelin-Plasmakonzentration für die Effektivität von inhalativem Stickstoffmonoxid im Modell des akuten Lungenversagens." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-137313.
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Das akute Lungenversagen ist gekennzeichnet durch eine schwere Störung des Gasaustausches mit ausgeprägter arterieller Hypoxämie. Die inhalative Gabe von Stickstoffmonoxid (iNO) erfolgt in der Therapie zur Verbesserung der arteriellen Oxygenierung, der Effekt ist jedoch variabel. Bisher existieren nur wenige Studien zur Identifikation von Faktoren, die die Effektivität von iNO bestimmen. Die positive Wirkung von iNO auf den Gasaustausch lässt eine Vasokonstriktion in beatmeten Lungenarealen vermuten. Wir untersuchten eine mögliche Wechselwirkung zwischen dem endogenen Vasokonstriktor Endothelin-1 (ET-1) und iNO in einem tierexperimentellen Modell des akuten Lungenversagens.
Sechzehn Schweine wurden narkotisiert, invasiv beatmet und nach Induktion des akuten Lungenschadens (ALI) mittels repetitiver Surfactantauswaschung (Lavagemodell nach Lachmann) zwei Gruppen zugeteilt. Die NO-Gruppe (n=8) erhielt eine Inhalation von 30ppm NO, die Kontrolltiere (CTR-Gruppe, n=8) blieben ohne weitere Intervention. Während der nächsten vier Stunden wurden Messungen von Gasaustausch und ET-1 Konzentrationen im arteriellen Blut durchgeführt. Bei allen Tieren führte die Induktion des ALI zu einer signifikanten Verschlechterung des Gasaustausches. Die Gabe von iNO bewirkte in der NO-Gruppe eine signifikante Erhöhung des PaO2. Die ET-1 Plasmaspiegel stiegen im Verlauf an und waren nach drei Stunden in der NO-Gruppe signifikant niedriger als in der CTR-Gruppe. Dabei zeigte sich eine signifikante, moderate Korrelation zwischen den ET-1 Plasmaspiegeln und den durch iNO induzierten Änderungen in PaO2 und Shunt.
Damit konnte ET-1 als ein Einflussfaktor auf die durch iNO induzierte Verbesserung des Gasaustausches identifiziert werden.
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Fahmy, Khaled M. "All the Pasa's men : the performance of the Egyptian army during the reign of Mehmed Ali Pasa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385409.
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Köppler, Dietlinde. "Vegetationskomplexe von Steppenheide-Physiotopen im Juragebirge und ihre Bedeutung als Elemente einer landschaftsökologischen Gliederung /." Berlin ; Stuttgart : Cramer in der Gebr.-Borntraeger-Verl.-Buchh, 1995. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/187301573.pdf.
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Masse, de la Huerta César Arturo. "Développement de la technique dépôt par couche atomique spatiale (SALD) pour la fabrication de couches minces type P d'oxyde de cuivre (I) conductrices." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI067.
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Pour concevoir avec succès l'instrumentation nécessaire aux nouvelles technologies de fabrication avec une précision nanométrique, la méthodologie de conception doit prendre en compte de nombreux sujets différents liés à la chimie, à la physique, à la mécanique, à l'électronique et à l'automatisation, travaillant ensemble pour atteindre l'objectif souhaité. Dans cette thèse, cette méthodologie de conception a été mise en œuvre avec un grand nombre d’outils et d’approches permettant d’optimiser avec succès une méthode de nanofabrication appelée dépôt par couche atomique spatiale (SALD) afin de déposer des couches minces d’un matériau potentiellement utile en tant que composant du dispositifs à énergie solaire non-silicium, séparateurs d’eau photoélectrochimiques et composants électroniques transparents à couche mince, entre autres: oxyde cuivreux (Cu2O).En ce qui concerne la technologie de fabrication et la conception mécatronique, SALD est une technique de fabrication prometteuse qui permet la fabrication de films minces avec une précision nanométrique et avec la capacité de contrôler leurs propriétés mécaniques, électriques et cristallographiques. De plus, l'approche SALD utilisée dans cette thèse et dans le Laboratoire des matériaux et du génie physique (LMGP) fonctionne à l'air libre (sans chambre de dépôt) et constitue donc potentiellement une approche compatible avec l'industrie pour les films minces homogènes de grande surface fabrication avec un débit élevé. De plus, SALD peut être utilisé dans des conditions qui le rendent compatible avec les substrats flexibles et avec les approches de rouleau à rouleau (R2R). Enfin, SALD offre une flexibilité sur le processus de dépôt afin qu’il puisse être ajusté pour obtenir différentes propriétés sur les films fabriqués avec un minimum de modification de l’instrumentation.À l'aide de simulations CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), les phénomènes de la mécanique des fluides qui se produisent pendant le processus de dépôt dans le système SALD ont été analysés pour différentes configurations du réacteur. L'influence sur les propriétés du film a été étudiée et une validation avec des dépôts expérimentaux a été effectuée. Ensuite, en utilisant les connaissances et les directives obtenues avec les simulations CFD, et afin de réduire le coût et la complexité de la modification de certains composants mécaniques du système, un flux de travail comprenant la conception assistée par ordinateur (CAO) et la fabrication additive (également appelé impression 3D) impression) a été mis en place au LMGP pour la fabrication de l’un des composants principaux du système SALD à LMGP: la tête de dépôt. Ici, c'est la première fois qu'une telle technique de fabrication innovante est appliquée aux processus de nanofabrication en couches minces, offrant de nombreuses applications potentielles dans le domaine. Dans cette thèse, un tel flux de travail est présenté et expliqué, ainsi que les directives apprises et les limitations découvertes également présentées.Enfin, couches minces de Cu2O ont été déposé avec succès avec la méthode SALD. Le Cu2O est l’un des rares matériaux aux propriétés électroniques prometteuses en tant que semi-conducteur transparent de type p. Ici, les films de Cu2O fabriqués utilisant le système SALD à LMGP sont rapportés et leur conductivité de type p et leur cristallographie sont analysées.Les résultats de ces travaux fournissent des directives initiales pour la conception industrielle d’un système de fabrication à haut débit basé sur la technologie SALD, dans lequel la conception de ses composants est optimisée pour chaque matériau souhaité. Cette approche de conception rend également ce travail utile pour augmenter la quantité de matériaux compatibles avec le SALD, ainsi que pour développer davantage la méthodologie SALD dans des processus de fabrication innovants de matériaux et de dispositifsTo successfully design the instrumentation needed for new manufacturing technologies with nanoscale precision, the design methodology must take into account many different topics related to chemistry, physics, mechanics, electronics and automation, working together to achieve the desired goal. In this thesis, this design methodology has been implemented with a large number of tools and approaches to successfully optimize a nanofabrication method called spatial atomic layer deposition (SALD) in order to deposit thin films. a potentially useful material as a component of non-silicon solar energy devices, photoelectrochemical water separators and transparent thin-film electronic components, among others: cuprous oxide (Cu2O).With respect to manufacturing technology and mechatronics design, SALD is a promising manufacturing technique that enables the fabrication of thin films with nanoscale precision and the ability to control their mechanical, electrical and crystallographic properties. In addition, the SALD approach used in this thesis and in the Laboratoire des Matèriaux et du Génie Physique(LMGP) works in the open air (without a repository) and is therefore potentially an industry-compatible approach to film Thin homogeneous high-area manufacturing with high throughput. In addition, SALD can be used under conditions that make it compatible with flexible substrates and roll-to-roll approaches (R2R). Finally, SALD offers flexibility on the deposit process so that it can be adjusted to obtain different properties on films manufactured with a minimum of instrumentation modification.Using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations, the fluid mechanics phenomena that occur during the deposition process in the SALD system were analyzed for different reactor configurations. The influence on the properties of the film was studied and a validation with experimental deposits was carried out. Then, using the knowledge and guidance obtained with CFD simulations, and to reduce the cost and complexity of modifying certain mechanical components of the system, a workflow that includes computer-aided design (CAD) and manufacturing additive (also called 3D printing) printing) was set up at the LMGP for the manufacture of one of the main components of the LMGP SALD system: the deposit head. Here, it is the first time that such an innovative manufacturing technique has been applied to thin-film nanofabrication processes, offering many potential applications in the field. In this thesis, such a workflow is presented and explained, along with learned guidelines and discovered limitations also presented.Finally, thin layers of Cu2O have been successfully deposited with the SALD method. Cu2O is one of the few materials with promising electronic properties as a p-type transparent semiconductor. Here, Cu2O films made using the LMGP SALD system are reported and their p-type conductivity and crystallography are analyzed.The results of this work provide initial guidance for the industrial design of a high throughput manufacturing system based on SALD technology optimized for each desired material. This design approach also makes this work useful for increasing the amount of SALD compatible materials, as well as for further developing the SALD methodology in innovative materials and device manufacturing processes
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Marzec, Paulina. "NR2C/F telomeric association drives telomere-genome rearrangements in ALT cells." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20179.
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L'immortalité cellulaire est toujours accompagnée par l'activation du mécanisme de maintien des télomères. Dans la plupart des cancers humains, ce rôle est assuré par l'enzyme télomérase. Cependant, dans 15 % des tumeurs, la télomérase n'est pas activée et les télomères sont maintenus par l'allongement alternatif des télomères (ALT), voie qui implique la recombinaison des télomères. ALT est plus fréquent dans les tumeurs provenant de tissus mésenchymateux (sarcomes), representant 40-60 % des cas, que dans les tumeurs épithéliales. Comprendre le mécanisme ALT est primordial dans les thérapies anti-cancéreuses puisque certaines drogues inhibant la télomérase conduisent souvent à l'activation de l'ALT.La voie ALT est définie par de caractéristiques typiques des télomères. Dans les cellules ALT, les recombinaisons aberrantes d'ADN ne se limitent pas aux télomères puisque les génomes sont souvent fortement réarrangés. Les liens de ces caractéristiques génomiques anormales et la maintenance des télomères atypique ne sont pas connues, mais l'instabilité du génome contribue certainement à la transformation. Notre équipe a montré que les récepteurs orphelins appartenant aux familles NR2C/F ont été trouvés enrichies dans les télomères des lignées cellulaires ALT. Nous avons proposé que ces facteurs puissent être recrutés aux télomères par liaison directe à la séquence répétée GGGTCA, un site de liaison à haute affinité pour ces protéines. Mon projet vise à comprendre (i) leur mécanisme de liaison et (ii) leur rôle, dans le processus d'ALT.Dans cette étude nous montrons que dans les sarcomes primaires humains, les télomères d'ALT sont souvent liés par des récepteurs nucléaires orphelins des sous-familles NR2C/F, en particulier dans les tumeurs au stade avancé. Ceci suggère un rôle actif de ces facteurs dans la progression tumorale ALT. En utilisant la technique de ChIP-sequencing, nous avons montré que les protéines NR2C/F se lient à une répétition directe amplifiée (DR0) aux télomères, et pas de manière significative à toute autre combinaison de motif GGGTCA. Nous avons également analysé la distribution sur tout le génome de NR2C2/F2 et TRF2, une protéine de liaison des télomères, dans des cellules ALT (-) et ALT (+). Bien qu'il n'y ait que peu de sites génomiques liés par TRF2 dans les cellules ALT (-), nous avons été surpris d'identifier plusieurs centaines de régions liées par TRF2 dans les cellules ALT (+). Plus surprenant, la grande majorité de ces régions spécifiques TRF2 ALT chevauche des sites endogènes de NR2C2/F2. Étant donné que ces sites ne contiennent généralement pas les répétitions des télomères, TRF2 est probablement recruté de façon indirecte. Conformément à cette interprétation, nous montrons que les facteurs NR2C/F entrainent un rapprochement des loci et sont responsables du regroupement atypique des télomeres dans ALT. De plus, un sous-ensemble de ces régions génomiques uniques a des additions hétérogènes des séquences télomeriques ALT, suggérant un rôle dans le recrutement des télomères par des protéines NR2C/F mais aussi une fonction de ciblage de recombinaison génomique. Systématiquement, nous trouvons que ces réarrangements des télomères/génome sont situés à proximité des motifs GGGTCA endogènes. Le caryotype spectral des lignées cellulaires ATL montre que les sites télomériques interstitielles sont fréquemment localisés aux niveaux des sites de translocations/réarrangements entre deux ou plusieurs chromosomes, ce qui est également observé dans les données de ChIPseq. Ces résultats suggèrent que les réarrangements entres les télomères et le génome pourraient participer à la formation d'un caryotype complexe ce qui caractérise environ 50% des sarcomes. De plus, l'addition de sites télomériques interstitielles dans le génome est spécifique des cellules ALT et est favorisée par les dommages de l'ADNCellular immortality is always accompanied by the activation of telomere maintenance mechanism. In most human cancers this role is fulfilled by the telomerase enzyme. However in 15% of tumors, telomerase is not activated and telomeres are maintained by an Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT) pathway that involves telomere-telomere recombination. Interestingly ALT is more prevalent in tumors originating from mesenchymal tissues (sarcomas), where it is present in 40-60% of cases, than in epithelial tumors. Understanding ALT maintenance is critical since inhibiting telomerase in tumors leads to the activation of ALT. The ALT pathway is operationally defined by typical telomere hallmarks. In ALT cells, aberrant DNA transactions are not restricted to telomeres since genomes are often highly rearranged. Whether these abnormal genomic features are linked to atypical telomere maintenance is not known, but genome instability is certainly contributing to transformation. We have previously shown that orphan receptors of the NR2C/F families were enriched at telomeres in ALT cell lines. We proposed that these factors could be recruited to telomeres through direct binding to the GGGTCA variant repeat, a high affinity binding site for these proteins. My project is aimed at understanding (i) their mechanism of binding and (ii) their role, if any, in the ALT process.We show that in human primary sarcomas, ALT telomeres are often bound by orphan nuclear receptors of the NR2C/F subfamilies, particularly in more advanced-stage tumors. This suggests an active role for these factors in ALT tumor progression. Using ChIP-sequencing, we show that NR2C/F proteins bind to an amplified direct repeat (DR0) at telomeres, and not significantly to any other GGGTCA motif combination. We also analyzed the genome wide distribution of NR2C2/F2 and TRF2, a telomere binding protein, in ALT(-) and in ALT(+) cells. While there are only few genomic sites bound by TRF2 in ALT(-) cells, we were surprised to identify several hundred regions bound by TRF2 in ALT(+) cells. More surprisingly, the great majority of these ALT specific TRF2 regions overlap with endogenous NR2C2/F2 sites. Since these sites usually do not contain telomere repeats, TRF2 is likely indirectly recruited. Consistent with this interpretation, we show that NR2C/F factors drive locus proximity. Moreover, a subset of these unique genomic regions harbor heterogeneous ALT telomere sequence additions, not only suggesting a telomere recruitment role for NR2C/F proteins but also a recombination targeting function in the genome. Consistently, we find these telomere/genome rearrangements are located close to endogenous GGGTCA motifs. Next, we wanted to evaluate a role of these rearrangements in formation of complex karyotype which characterize approximately 50% of sarcomas. We found by spectral karyotyping that interstitial telomeric sites are frequently located at translocation/ rearrangements sites between two or more chromosomes, which we could also observe in our ChIPseq data. Furthermore, we demonstrate that addition of interstitial telomeric sites to the genome is enhanced by DNA damage and specific for ALT genome. Therefore we conclude that NR2C/F factors target telomere proximity to defined NR2C/F regions which enables telomere-genome rearrangements under DNA damage condition. This contributes not only to efficient telomere recombination, but also it drives further genomic instability at selected NR2C/F sites.We believe we identified a new mechanism of telomere dysfunction potentially driving targeted genome instability and mediated by NR2C/F proteins in ALT cells which probably underlie complexity of sarcomas genome. Understanding the ALT mechanism allows designing NR2C/F-targeted therapies in treatment of ALT tumors and therapies for patients treated with anti-telomerase drugs to prevent ALT appearance
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Schoultz, Jill. "Patienters upplevelser av att leva med Amyotrofisk LateralSkleros, ALS." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Omvårdnad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-17993.
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Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att sammanställa aktuell forskning som beskriver hur det är att leva med Amyotrofisk Lateral Skleros (ALS). Metod: Vetenskapliga artiklar söktes i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Tolv artiklar med kvalitativ ansats valdes ut och kvalitetsgranskades enligt granskningsmall för kvalitativa studier. Huvudresultat: Resultatet visade att de som drabbades av ALS, en obotlig sjukdom, och deras närstående utsattes för stora psykologiska påfrestningar. Det fanns en rädsla och oro över att förlora kroppsfunktioner utan förvarning och detta medförde att patienter med ALS kände sig som fångar i den egna kroppen. Självförtroende och självkänsla rubbades negativt och bidrog till stunder av isolering, uppgivenhet och frustration. För att hantera sin livssituation använde sig patienter med ALS av olika strategier och livsstilsförändringar för att underlätta och möjliggöra ett oberoende i vardagen. Känslor av skuld och skam över familjens lidande i samband med sjukdomen ALS kunde bli en börda att bära för patienter med ALS och dessa känslor kunde generera till ett ökat kontrollbehov av omgivningen. Patienter med ALS hade kvar en känsla av hopp inför framtiden. Slutsats: Litteraturöversikten kan öka förståelsen hos sjuksköterskan och de närstående hur det är att leva med sjukdomen ALS och därmed skapa bättre individuella förutsättningar för god omvårdnad och god omsorg för patienter med ALS.
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Março, Paulo Henrique. "Estudo da influencia da radiação e pH no comportamento cinetico de antocianinas de plantas do genero hibiscus por metodos quimiometricos." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/249314.
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Orientador: Ronei Jesus PoppiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Resumo: A influência da radiação UV e pH no equilíbrio de espécies de antocianinas de plantas do gênero Hibiscus foi estudada por métodos quimiométricos. Antocianinas provenientes de extratos de 3 diferentes flores da família Malvaceae (Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Hibiscus Acetosella e Malvaviscus Penduliflorus) foram utilizadas no estudo. Análises espectrofotométricas nas regiões UV-Vis foram realizadas, comparando-se os espectros e a cinética resultante de análises realizadas com e sem exposição à radiação UV em soluções tampão com valores de pH variando de 1,5 até 12,7 e Análise por Injeção em Fluxo (FIA) para o cálculo das constantes de equilíbrio dos compostos encontrados. Para isso, foram utilizados métodos quimiométricos de Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA), PCA multi-modo (MPCA), Pure, Decomposição de Valores Singulares (SVD) e Resolução Multivariada de Curvas com Mínimos Quadrados Alternados (MCR-ALS). Com o objetivo de encontrar com maior confiabilidade o número de espécies presentes assim como caracterizá-las, o método MCR-ALS foi aplicado utilizando-se matrizes individuais e também com matrizes aumentadas. A partir dos resultados obtidos pela aplicação dos métodos quimiométricos foi sugerido um sistema de equilíbrio entre as diferentes formas químicas encontradas nos diferentes valores de pH, e a partir dos resultados obtidos por FIA, foram calculadas as constantes de equilíbrio para algumas das espécies encontradas
Abstract: The influence of UV radiation and pH at the anthocyanin species equilibra, extracted from plants of Hibiscus gender was studied with chemometric methods. Anthocyanins from different extracts of 3 different flowers of Malvaceae family (Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Hibiscus Acetosella and Malvaviscus Penduliflorus) were used at this investigation. Spectrophotometric analysis at UV-Visible range were performed, comparing spectra and kinetic behavior from analysis with and without UV radiation exposure by using buffer solutions with pH varying from 1.5 to 12.7 and Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) to calculate the equilibra constants to the compounds found in the samples. Chemometric methods as Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Multy-Way PCA, Pure, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), Multivariate Curve Resolution with Alterning Least Squares (MCR-ALS) were applied. Aiming to find out the number of species, as well as, to characterize them, the MCR-ALS method was applied by using individual and augmented matrix strategy. From the results of the chemometric methods application it was proposed an equilibra system to the species found at different pH values and from FIA results, the equilibra constants were calculated to some of the species
Doutorado
Quimica Analitica
Doutor em Ciências
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Oliveira, Ãtila Einstein de. "Entidades fechadas de previdÃncia provada no Brasil â polÃtica de investimentos em fundos de pensÃo - ALM." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1581.
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nÃo hÃA dissertaÃÃo trata da gestÃo de investimentos das entidades fechadas de previdÃncia complementar (EFPC) no Brasil. O tema à abordado em cinco capÃtulos. No primeiro, à apresentado uma visÃo atuarial dessas entidades, atravÃs de um breve histÃrico sobre o setor, e dos conceitos envolvidos no seu estudo. No segundo, a abordagem à financeira, destacando os segmentos do mercado financeiro brasileiro, onde as entidades aplicam seus recursos e discorrendo sobre as modernas tÃcnicas de geraÃÃo de cenÃrios econÃmicos. No terceiro capÃtulo mostramos as modelagens mais utilizadas em se tratando de dimensionamento de ativos financeiros. No quarto à realizada uma explanaÃÃo sobre modelagem de passivos atuariais em fundos de pensÃo. No Ãltimo capÃtulo à mostrado um estudo de caso com sua implementaÃÃo e anÃlise. O resultado deste trabalho foi a definiÃÃo e implementaÃÃo de um modelo de ALM simplificado para ser utilizado em um Fundo de PensÃo com Plano de BenefÃcio do Tipo BenefÃcio Definido.
This study broachs the management of the investments of a Brazilian pension fund - EFPC. The theme is described in five chapters. In the first one is presented a actuarial vision of a EFPC, through a short historic about the sector and about the concepts involved especially concerning to the segments of the Brazilian financial Market. In the second, where the EFPC invests his resources and talking about the modern techniques of generation of economics scenario. In the third chapter we show the most used modeling in dimension of financial actives. The fourth shows a explanation about Modeling of Actuaries passives in pension funds. In the last one is showed a study of case including their implementation and analysis. The result of this work was definitions and implementation of a model of simplified ALM to be used in a pension fund with a defined benefit plans.
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Luna, Jorge Antonio Gómez. "Estudo de dispositivos eletrônicos e opto-eletrônicos a base de semicondutores orgânicos utilizando a ressonância magnética detectada eletricamente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-16102009-154941/.
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Este trabalho de tese apresenta novas evidências experimentais que ajudam no conhecimento atual das propriedades de transporte em semicondutores orgânicos, aprofundando o conhecimento dos processos de condução dependentes de spin em dispositivos eletrônicos baseados nestes materiais. O trabalho apresentado pode ser dividido em dois temas principais, o primeiro relacionado ao aumento das qualidades espectroscópicas da técnica de ressonância magnética detectada eletricamente (RMDE) por meio de um estudo da dependência do sinal vetorial de RMDE em função da freqüência do campo magnético de modulação. O segundo tema, encontrase relacionado aos efeitos de campos magnéticos externos na condutividade de semicondutores orgânicos. Através de uma análise de fase cuidadosa do sinal vetorial de RMDE foi demonstrado que o espectro de RMDE de diodos orgânicos emissores de luz (OLEDs) baseados em alumínio (III) 8-hidroxiquinolina (\'Alq IND. 3\') pôde ser separado em dois sinais componentes com fatores-g de: \'g IND. h\'= 2,007 e \'g IND. e\'= 2,0035. O espectro de RMDE de OLEDs baseados em \'Alq IND. 3\' foi atribuído ao processo de formação de éxcitons, e os sinais componentes foram atribuídos ao par precursor do éxciton, um à ressonância em ânions de \'Alq IND. 3\', enquanto que o outro a estados catiônicos no \'Alq IND. 3\'. Foi demonstrado que a utilização de diferentes freqüências de modulação de campo magnético aumenta a resolução temporal do sistema de detecção de RMDE, não influenciando os valores dos parâmetros espectroscópicos dos sinais. Desta forma, foi observado que os sistemas ou processos dependentes de spin diferentes que dão origem ao sinal de RMDE de OLEDs baseados em \'Alq IND. 3\', têm uma diferença entre os tempos de resposta menor que 6.0 x \'10 POT. -7\'s. Neste trabalho se propõe um modelo de circuito para simular a origem do sinal de RMDE de OLEDs baseados em \'Alq IND. 3\'. Os resultados deste modelo têm uma grande concordância com os resultados experimentais, observando-se que os dois sistemas ou processos de spin diferentes que dão origem ao sinal, podem ser representados por uma combinação paralela de capacitâncias e \"resistores\" que tomam a forma de funções gaussianas em condições de ressonância magnética. A generalidade deste modelo indica que ele poderia ser utilizado em outros problemas de transporte dependentes de spin de outros dispositivos eletrônicos orgânicos, inorgânicos ou híbridos (inorgânico-orgânico). Resultados de estudos de RMDE de OLEDs baseados em \'Alq IND. 3\', dopados e não dopados, em baixas temperaturas (até 100 K), mostraram que no OLED dopado com rubreno pode existir um mecanismo de formação de éxcitons similar ao já observado para o OLED dopado com DCM-TPA, indicando que o mecanismo de formação de éxcitons no OLED dopado com rubreno seria uma reação direta entre um elétron no \'Alq IND. 3\' com um buraco aprisionado no dopante. Foram observados efeitos do campomagnético na condutividade de dispositivos baseados em semicondutores orgânicos demonstrando a ocorrência do fenômeno de magneto-resistência (MR) em dispositivos orgânicos e híbridos (orgânico-inorgânico). Estes estudos mostraram que a melhor forma de detecção destes efeitos é através do monitoramento da resistência em função do tempo sob a aplicação de campos magnéticos externos. Para os dispositivos baseados em \'Alq IND. 3\', OLEDs dopados e não dopados e um dispositivo e-only, foi observada somente MR negativa, enquanto que para um dispositivo h-only foi observado um novo efeito quase constante e positivo. Para campos magnéticos aplicados de até 1 T, os dispositivos unipolares mostraram baixos efeitos de campo magnético na condutividade alcançando MR de até 0,08%, enquanto que os OLEDs mostraram efeitos maiores alcançando MR de até 3,2%. Apesar do mecanismo exato que origina os efeitos de campo magnético na condutividade de semicondutores orgânicos ainda permanecer desconhecido, os resultados apresentados neste trabalho indicam que este fenômeno não está relacionado com a formação de éxcitons.This thesis presents new experimental evidences that can improve the current knowledge of the transport properties in organic semiconductors, particularly the spin dependent conduction processes in electronic devices based in those materials. This work can be divided in two main subjects, the first one related to the increasing in the spectroscopic qualities of the electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) technique and the second one related to the external magnetic field effects in the conductivity of the organic semiconductors. Using a careful phase analysis of the vectorial EDMR signal it was demonstrated that the aluminium (III) 9-hydroxyquinoline (\'Alq IND. 3\')-based organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) spectrum cam be separated in two component signais with different g-factors: \"G IND. h\'= 2,007 and \'g IND. e\'= 2,0035. The EDMR spectrum of \'Alq IND. 3\'-based OLEDs was attributed to the exciton formation process and the component signals were attributed to the resonance in \'Alq IND. 3\' anions (electrons) and in cationic states (holes) into \'Alq IND. 3\'. It was demonstrated that the use of different magnetic field modulations frequencies (MFMF) improves the temporal resolution of the EDMR system detection. It observed that the difference in the lifetime of the two EDMR signal components is smaller than 6.0x\'10 POT -7\'s. We proposed a novel circuit model to explain the observed EDMR signals. Results from this model are in agreement with the experimentalresults showing that the EDMR signal of \'Alq IND. 3\'-based OLEDS comes fromtwo different spin systems that can be represented by a parallel combination of capacitance and resistances which acquires a Gaussian form is magnetic resonance conditions. The simplest circuit model indicates that it can be used in other spin-dependent transport problems of different electronic devices (organic, inorganic or hybrid) studied by EDMR experiments. Results from a EDMR investigation of the effects of dye doping on spin dependent exciton formation in \'Alq IND. 3\'-based OLEDs at low temperatures (up to 100 K) showed that the Rubrene dye doped \'Alq IND. 3\'-based OLEDs presents a similar mechanism for exciton formation that the DCM--TPA doped OLED indicating that the recombination occurs by a direct reaction between an electron in the \'Alq IND. 3\' and a hole into the dopant. Magnetic field effects in the conductivity of organic semiconductors based devices were observed, showing the existence of the magnetoresistance (MR) phenomena in both organic and hybrids (organic-inorganic) devices. The studies showed that the best way to detect this effects is by monitoring the resistance as a function of time under the application of different magnetic field pulses. Only negative magnetoresistance was observed for the \'Alq IND. 3\'-based devices: undoped and dye doped OLEDs and an electron only device. A very small, positive and almost constant MR was observedin the hole-only device. For the unipolar devices were observed small magnetic field effects in the conductivity reaching a MR= 0.08%. The OLEDs showed bigger effects reaching a MR= 3.2%. Despite the exact mechanism that origins the magnetic field effects in the conductivity of organic semiconductors remains unknown the results presented in this thesis indicates that this phenomena is not related to the exciton formation.
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De, Tonnac de Villeneuve Auriane. "Effet d'un apport en ALA et en DHA sur le métabolisme lipidique et la qualité de la viande de porc. : Caractérisation par SPIR de la composition en acides gras." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NSARB289/document.
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Cette thèse visait à évaluer l’effet d’une alimentation pourvue en graines de lin riches en acide a-linolénique (ALA) et en microalgues riches en acide docosahexaenoïque (DHA) sur le métabolisme des lipides et la qualité de la viande de porc. Les régimes n’ont pas eu d’effet sur les performances de croissance et les critères de qualité de la carcasse mesurés en abattoir. La digestibilité des acides gras polyinsaturés (AGPI) n-3, leurs quantités dans les régimes et les traitements technologiques subis par la graine de lin ont impacté le dépôt d’ALA et de DHA dans les lipides totaux et les fractions neutres et polaires des tissus. La quantité de malonaldéhyde, représentatif de la peroxydation des acides gras, du muscle longissimus dorsi et du tissu adipeux sous cutané dorsal (TAD) a été augmentée avec un apport de microalgues.Une odeur plus prononcée des rôtis issus du régime microalgues a été identifiée par un jury entrainé. Enfin, les activités et l’expression des gènes de la lipogenèse et de la synthèse des AGPI n-3 ont été diminuées au niveau hépatique avec l’apport de microalgues. Un second objectif visait à recenser les facteurs de variation du dépôt des AGPI n-3 dans les tissus porcins pour les intégrer dans un modèle prédictif de ce dépôt. En raison d’une grande variabilité entre individus, seuls des modèles linéaires ont pu être établis en considérant les quantités digestibles d’ALA et de DHA ingérées, le sexe des animaux et l’effet du lot. Enfin, la thèse a permis de proposer des équations de calibration de spectrométrie en proche infra-rouge (SPIR) afin de détermPigs used in this thesis were fed linseed rich in a-linolenic acid (ALA) and microalgae rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to evaluate the effect of diet on lipid metabolism and pork quality. Fatty acid (FA) composition of the diets did not have any effect on pig performances and carcass parameters measured at slaughter. The digestive utilization, the quantity of n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) in the diet and the technological treatment applied to linseed were identified as modifiers of the deposition of ALA and DHA in total, neutral and polar lipids. They also had an impact on the activity of lipogenesis enzymes and on the gene expression involved in n-3 PUFA synthesis in the liver. The malonaldehyde content, representative of the FA lipoperoxydation, measured in longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue of the back (SCB),significantly increased with the supply of microalgae and with linseed to a lesser extent. Finally, the odor of the meat from pigs fed microalgae was more pronounced than meat from pigs fed linseed or a mix 75%/25% of linseed and microalgae. From results obtained in animal experiments, linear models were built to predict n-3 PUFA deposition in pig tissues from quantities of digestible ALA and DHA ingested by animals. Finally, a last part of the thesis allowed characterizing the FA composition of the SCB by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in order to quickly identify the meat enriched with n-3 PUFA
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Mungara, Mahesh Babu. "A Method for Systematically Generating Tests from Object-Oriented Class Interfaces." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9620.
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This thesis describes the development and evaluation of a manual black-box testing method inspired by Zweben's test adequacy criteria, which apply white-box analogues of all-DU-pairs and all-nodes to a flow graph generated from the black-box specification. The approach described herein generates tests from a matrix representation of a class interface based on the flow graph concept. In this process, separate matrices for all-DU-pairs and all-nodes guide the generation of the required tests. The primary goal of the research is not to optimize the number of tests generated but to describe the process in a user-friendly manner so that practitioners can utilize it directly, quickly, and efficiently for real-world testing purposes.
The approach has been evaluated to assess its effectiveness at detecting bugs. Both strategies - all-DU-pairs and all-nodes - were compared against three other testing methods: the commercial white-box testing tool Jtest, Orthogonal Array Testing Strategy (OATS), and test cases generated at random. The five approaches were applied across a sample of eleven java classes selected from java.util.*. Experimental results indicate that the two versions resulting from this research performed on par with or better than their respective equivalent approaches. The all-DU-pairs method performed better than all other approaches except for the random approach, with which it compared equally. Experimental evaluation results thus indicate that an automated approach based on the manual method is worth exploring.Master of Science
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Padi, Sathish K. R., Libia A. Luevano, Ningfei An, Ritu Pandey, Neha Singh, Jin H. Song, Jon C. Aster, Xue-Zhong Yu, Shikhar Mehrotra, and Andrew S. Kraft. "Targeting the PIM protein kinases for the treatment of a T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia subset." IMPACT JOURNALS LLC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624055.
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New approaches are needed for the treatment of patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) who fail to achieve remission with chemotherapy. Analysis of the effects of pan-PIM protein kinase inhibitors on human T-ALL cell lines demonstrated that the sensitive cell lines expressed higher PIM1 protein kinase levels, whereas T-ALL cell lines with NOTCH mutations tended to have lower levels of PIM1 kinase and were insensitive to these inhibitors. NOTCH-mutant cells selected for resistance to gamma secretase inhibitors developed elevated PIM1 kinase levels and increased sensitivity to PIM inhibitors. Gene profiling using a publically available T-ALL dataset demonstrated overexpression of PIM1 in the majority of early T-cell precursor (ETP)-ALLs and a small subset of non-ETP ALL. While the PIM inhibitors blocked growth, they also stimulated ERK and STAT5 phosphorylation, demonstrating that activation of additional signaling pathways occurs with PIM inhibitor treatment. To block these pathways, Ponatinib, a broadly active tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia, was added to this PIM-inhibitor regimen. The combination of Ponatinib with a PIM inhibitor resulted in synergistic T-ALL growth inhibition and marked apoptotic cell death. Treatment of mice engrafted with human T-ALL with these two agents significantly decreased the tumor burden and improved the survival of treated mice. This dual therapy has the potential to be developed as a novel approach to treat T-ALL with high PIM expression.
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BANAL, RYAN GANIPAN. "MOVPE Growth of AlN and AlGaN/AlN Quantum Wells and their Optical Polarization Properties." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/78005.
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Macht, Alexandra [Verfasser], and Ali [Akademischer Betreuer] Gorji. "Wirkung vom Fieber als Auslöser epileptischer Aktivitäten in kombinierten Hirnschnitten von juvenilen Ratten / Alexandra Macht. Betreuer: Ali Gorji." Münster : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1017849315/34.
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Bednjanec, Martina. "Calibration of ALS Intensity Data." Thesis, KTH, Geoinformatik och Geodesi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-38998.
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With general advancements in computer technology and development ofdirect geo-referencing technology, such as GPS, airborne laser scanningsystems came into widespread use especially after 2002. In spite of relativelyhigh cost of purchase, the systems proved to be cost effective, providing fastand in large volumes 3D geospatial data acquisition with unprecedentedaccuracy and relatively modest processing complexity. Country-widecollection of laser scanning data, mainly due to DTM derivation, is becomingan attractive possibility for mapping. Since 2009, Swedish Government hasapproved and financed the project of developing the New National ElevationModel (NNH) for the country of Sweden, with aspects of monitoring climatechanges and other environmental impacts. The National Land Survey ofSweden, which is commissioned to carry out the project, is offering this highlyaccurate scanned data less expensive to secondary users, such as companiesspecialized in forestry applications, etc. Beside the geospatial data (X, Y, Z),laser systems additionally record the received signal intensity for eachmeasurement. So far, intensity values were just an additional variable, notused extensively, but in recent years many efforts have been made tounderstand and interpret these values. The wider use of intensity data ismissing due to the lack of techniques to calibrate them, so that theyrepresent values proportional to the scattering characteristics of the target. Inthe scope of this thesis it was examined which properties influence intensityvalues and to what degree. Already proposed methods for calibration weresummarized and the most suitable one was implemented based on the datafrom the NNH project and instruments used for it. The results proved to begood both empirically and visually, with reduced intensity variations over thesame targets. The potentials of using this corrected data are presented, suchas surface classification, automatic object recognition, multi-temporalanalysis, and more.
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Rodin, Sara, and Åsa Olausson. "Att leva med amyotrofisk lateralskleros : människors upplevelser i samband med en terminal sjukdom." Thesis, University West, Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-903.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurological disease which causes a slow degeneration of the body. Living with this disease means being exposed to severe strain and every day could bring new losses. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis does not cause any harm to the intellect, the mind remains unaffected. The aim of this study was to achieve an understanding, and to shed light on the nature of positive life experiences of people living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This literature study is based on detailed examination of three person's narrations taken from their autobiography and biographies. Although each person's story was different, some themes were recurring. The most powerful themes to emerge from this study was the vital importance of a sense of coherence, being able to cope, feeling hopeful, finding quality of life and engaging in good intrapersonal relationships.
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Andruss, Jessica Hope. "The Judaeo-Arabic commentary on Jonah by the Karaite Japheth ben ʼEli : introduction and translation /." Connect to resource, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1232800114.
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