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Journal articles on the topic 'ALS-inhibiting herbicides'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Davis, Vince M., Greg R. Kruger, Jeff M. Stachler, Mark M. Loux, and William G. Johnson. "Growth and Seed Production of Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Populations Resistant to Glyphosate, ALS-Inhibiting, and Multiple (Glyphosate + ALS-Inhibiting) Herbicides." Weed Science 57, no. 5 (2009): 494–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-09-024.1.

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Horseweed populations with mixtures of biotypes resistant to glyphosate and acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides as well as biotypes with multiple resistance to glyphosate + ALS-inhibiting herbicides have been documented in Indiana and Ohio. These biotypes are particularly problematic because ALS-inhibiting herbicides are commonly tank mixed with glyphosate to improve postemergence horseweed control in soybean. The objective of this research was to characterize the growth and seed production of horseweed populations with resistance to glyphosate or ALS-inhibiting herbicides, and m

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2

Berner, Dana K., Felix O. Ikie, and Jerry M. Green. "ALS-Inhibiting Herbicide Seed Treatments Control Striga hermonthica in ALS-Modified Corn (Zea mays)." Weed Technology 11, no. 4 (1997): 704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00043293.

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Seed treatments with two acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides, the sulfonylurea herbicide nicosulfuron and the imidazolinone herbicide imazaquin, controlled the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica in corn. The XA-17 gene in ALS-modified P3180IR corn strongly reduced corn injury from herbicide seed treatments while another ALS modification was not effective. Combining seed treatment of ALS-inhibiting herbicides and ALS-modified corn with the XA-17 gene may offer a practical means for African growers to control Striga hermonthica.

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3

Cross, Robert B., Lambert B. McCarty, Nishanth Tharayil, Ted Whitwell, and William C. Bridges. "Detecting Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Resistance to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides Using a Rapid Diagnostic Assay." Weed Science 61, no. 3 (2013): 384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-12-00172.1.

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Annual bluegrass is the most problematic winter annual weed in managed turfgrass. Acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides are effective for annual bluegrass control, but reliance on this mode of action can select for herbicide-resistant biotypes. Two annual bluegrass biotypes not controlled with ALS-inhibiting herbicides were reported at golf courses in South Carolina and Georgia. Research was initiated at Clemson University to verify the level of resistance of these biotypes to ALS inhibitors. Two ALS-susceptible (S) and suspected resistant (SCr, GAr) annual bluegrass biotypes were

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4

Gaeddert, Jason W., Dallas E. Peterson, and Michael J. Horak. "Control and Cross-Resistance of an Acetolactate Synthase Inhibitor-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Biotype." Weed Technology 11, no. 1 (1997): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00041464.

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Over two years, acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides and herbicides with different mechanisms of action were tested individually and in combination for control of ALS-resistant Palmer amaranth in soybean. As expected, ALS-inhibiting herbicides did not control the resistant Palmer amaranth. Lactofen at 210 g/ha and acifluorfen at 560 g/ha gave the best postemergence control. Tank mixes of lactofen with either imazethapyr or chlorimuron plus thifensulfuron did not significantly increase control over lactofen alone. Sequential treatment with a soil-applied herbicide, either SAN 582 o

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5

Beckie, Hugh J., Suzanne I. Warwick, and Connie A. Sauder. "Acetolactate Synthase (ALS) Inhibitor-Resistant Wild Buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus) in Alberta." Weed Technology 26, no. 1 (2012): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00096.1.

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Wild buckwheat is the most abundant broadleaf weed across the Prairie region of western Canada. Acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides are commonly used to control this species and other broadleaf weeds in cereal crops. A field survey in Alberta in 2007 identified a single population that was putatively resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. In herbicide resistance screening in the greenhouse, all F1 progeny tested were resistant to the ALS-inhibiting herbicides thifensulfuron/tribenuron, a sulfonylurea herbicide, or florasulam, a triazolopyrimidine herbicide; dose response of shoo

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6

Geisel, Bryce G. L., Jeff J. Schoenau, Frederick A. Holm, and Eric N. Johnson. "Interactions of ALS-Inhibiting Herbicide Residues in Three Prairie Soils." Weed Science 56, no. 4 (2008): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-07-201.1.

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The objective of this study was to determine if the presence of two acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide residues in different Saskatchewan soils would result in additive, synergistic, or antagonistic interactions. This was determined through field trials where herbicides were applied sequentially over the course of 2 yr. The herbicides examined in these experiments were imazamethabenz, flucarbazone, sulfosulfuron, and florasulam, each in combination with imazamox and imazethapyr. The phytotoxicity and persistence of the herbicides in soil was assessed using an oriental mustard roo

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7

Beckie, H. J., L. M. Hall, F. J. Tardif, and G. Séguin-Swartz. "Acetolactate synthase inhibitor-resistant stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.) in Alberta." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 87, no. 4 (2007): 965–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps06019.

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Two stinkweed populations from southern and central Alberta were not controlled by acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in 2000. This study reports on their cross-resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides, molecular basis of resistance, and inheritance of resistance. Both putative herbicide-resistant biotypes responded similarly to increasing doses of the herbicides. The biotypes were highly resistant to ethametsulfuron and exhibited a low level of resistance to metsulfuron and imazethapyr. However, both biotypes were not resistant to florasulam, a triazolopyrimidine ALS inhibitor,

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8

Sprague, Christy L., Amy L. Frasier, and Donald Penner. "Identifying Acetolactate Synthase Inhibitors for Potential Control of Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) and Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) in Corn (Zea mays)." Weed Technology 13, no. 1 (1999): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00044900.

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Control of two perennial weeds, quackgrass and Canada thistle, and the differential sensitivities of three imidazolinone-resistant (IMI) corn hybrids and their sensitive isolines to various acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides were evaluated in greenhouse studies. The postemergence sulfonylurea herbicides nicosulfuron and primisulfuron controlled quackgrass > 80%. The imidazolinone herbicides imazapyr and imazamox applied postemergence controlled quackgrass 70 and 74%, respectively. Canada thistle control was 89% with the sulfonylurea herbicide metsulfuron. Primisulfuron, chlor

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9

Evans, Cody M., Seth A. Strom, Dean E. Riechers, Adam S. Davis, Patrick J. Tranel, and Aaron G. Hager. "Characterization of a waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) population from Illinois resistant to herbicides from five site-of-action groups." Weed Technology 33, no. 03 (2019): 400–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2019.19.

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AbstractExperiments were initiated to characterize a waterhemp population (CHR) discovered in a central Illinois corn field after it was not controlled by the 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor topramezone. Field experiments conducted during 2014–2015 indicated that acetolactate synthase (ALS)-, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-, photosystem II (PSII)-, and HPPD-inhibiting herbicides and the synthetic auxin 2,4-D did not control the CHR population. Laboratory experiments confirmed target site–based resistance mechanisms to ALS- and PPO-inhibiting herbicides. Herbicide doses r

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10

Rousonelos, Stephanie L., Ryan M. Lee, Murilo S. Moreira, Mark J. VanGessel, and Patrick J. Tranel. "Characterization of a Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) Population Resistant to ALS- and PPO-Inhibiting Herbicides." Weed Science 60, no. 3 (2012): 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-11-00152.1.

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A population of common ragweed from Delaware was not controlled in the field by herbicides that inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS) or protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO). Research was conducted to ascertain if this population was resistant to these herbicidal modes of action and, if so, to determine the resistance mechanism(s). Resistance was confirmed by dose-response studies on greenhouse-grown plants with multiple ALS- and PPO-inhibiting herbicides. DNA sequence data revealed that resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides was due to the previously reported W574L ALS mutation. To assist in deter

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11

Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar V., Jason K. Norsworthy, Kenneth L. Smith, and Paul Neve. "Modeling the Simultaneous Evolution of Resistance to ALS- and ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicides in Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Clearfield®Rice." Weed Technology 28, no. 1 (2014): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-13-00106.1.

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Herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass has become widespread in the rice production systems of the midsouthern United States, leaving few effective herbicide options for controlling this weed. The acetolactate synthase (ALS)- and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides remain largely effective in Clearfield®rice production, but strategies need to be developed to protect the long-term utility of these options. A two-trait model was developed to understand simultaneous evolution of resistance in barnyardgrass to the ALS- and ACCase-inhibiting herbicides in Clearfield rice. The model was

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12

Whitcomb, C. E. "An introduction to ALS-inhibiting herbicides." Toxicology and Industrial Health 15, no. 1 (1999): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/074823399678846592.

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13

Whitcomb, Carl E. "An introduction to ALS-inhibiting herbicides." Toxicology and Industrial Health 15, no. 1-2 (1999): 232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379901500120.

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14

Foes, Matthew J., Lixin Liu, Gerald Vigue, Edward W. Stoller, Loyd M. Wax, and Patrick J. Tranel. "A kochia (Kochia scoparia) biotype resistant to triazine and ALS-inhibiting herbicides." Weed Science 47, no. 1 (1999): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500090603.

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A kochia biotype from McDonough County, Illinois, was suspected to be resistant to both triazine and acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides. We performed greenhouse and laboratory experiments to confirm, quantify, and determine the molecular basis of multiple herbicide resistance in this biotype. Whole-plant phytotoxicity assays confirmed that the biotype was resistant to triazine (atrazine), imidazolinone (imazethapyr), and sulfonylurea (thifensulfuron and chlorsulfuron) herbicides. Relative to a susceptible kochia biotype, resistance to these herbicides ranged from 500- to > 28

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15

Whaley, Cory M., Henry P. Wilson, and James H. Westwood. "A New Mutation in PlantALSConfers Resistance to Five Classes of ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides." Weed Science 55, no. 2 (2007): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-06-082.1.

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Experiments were conducted to evaluate a biotype of smooth pigweed that had survived applications of sulfonylurea (SU) and imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides in a single season. The source field had a history of repeated acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide use over several years. Whole-plant response experiments evaluated the resistant (R11) biotype and an ALS-inhibitor susceptible (S) smooth pigweed biotype to herbicides from the SU, IMI, pyrimidinylthiobenzoate (PTB), and triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide (TP) chemical families. The R11 biotype exhibited 60- to 3,200-fold resistance

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16

Brenly-Bultemeier, Traci L., Jeff Stachler, and S. Kent Harrison. "Confirmation of Shattercane (Sorghum bicolor) Resistance to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides in Ohio." Plant Health Progress 3, no. 1 (2002): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2002-1021-01-rs.

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A population of shattercane (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) located in Fairfield County, Ohio, was investigated for herbicide resistance after it persisted in a field that had been treated repeatedly with herbicides that inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS). Herbicide bioassays confirmed cross-resistance of the suspected resistant (R) population to the ALS inhibitors nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, and imazethapyr. Herbicide doses required to reduce R shattercane shoot dry weight 50% (i.e., the GR50 values) were > 35,000, > 40,000, and 34,215 g ai/ha for nicosulfuron, primisulfuron, and imazet

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17

NETTO, A. GONÇALVES, M. NICOLAI, S. J. P. CARVALHO, E. A. BORGATO, and P. J. CHRISTOFFOLETI. "MULTIPLE RESISTANCE OF Amaranthus palmeri TO ALS AND EPSPS INHIBITING HERBICIDES IN THE STATE OF MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL." Planta Daninha 34, no. 3 (2016): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582016340300019.

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ABSTRACT This work was carried out in order to evaluate the susceptibility to ALS-inhibiting herbicides of the Brazilian biotype of glyphosate-resistant A. palmeri, considering different chemical groups. For that, four experiments were performed, each with one of the following herbicides: glyphosate, chlorimuron-ethyl, cloransulan-methyl and imazethapyr. In each trial, treatments were organized according to a 2x8 factorial scheme, in which two were the species of Amaranthus (A. palmeri and A. spinosus) and eight were the herbicide rates (16D, 8D, 4D, 2D, D, 1/2D, 1/4D and herbicide absence; be

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18

Wright, Terry R., and Donald Penner. "Corn (Zea mays) acetolactate synthase sensitivity to four classes of ALS-inhibiting herbicides." Weed Science 46, no. 1 (1998): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004317450009010x.

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In vitro acetolactate synthase (ALS) activity from three commercial imidazolinone-resistant corn hybrids (ICI 8692 IT, Pioneer 3751 IR, and Ciba 4393 IMR) was compared to imidazolinone-sensitive isogenic hybrid controls for sensitivity to 11 herbicides representing four classes of ALS-inhibiting herbicide chemistry. Acetolactate synthase activity from Pioneer IR and Ciba IMR was cross-resistant to all four classes of ALS inhibitors, ranging from 48- to 5,000-fold. The ICI IT hybrid displayed only four- to eightfold resistance to the six imidazolinone herbicides and the pyrimidinylthiobenzoate

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19

Tehranchian, Parsa, Dilpreet S. Riar, Jason K. Norsworthy, et al. "ALS-Resistant Smallflower Umbrella Sedge (Cyperus difformis) in Arkansas Rice: Physiological and Molecular Basis of Resistance." Weed Science 63, no. 3 (2015): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-14-00147.1.

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Smallflower umbrella sedge is a problematic weed in direct-seeded rice in the midsouthern United States. It recently has evolved resistance to the acetolactate synthase (ALS) –inhibiting herbicide halosulfuron in Arkansas rice. Studies were conducted (1) to determine if the resistant biotype is cross resistant to other ALS-inhibiting herbicides, (2) to evaluate alternative herbicide control options, and (3) to determine the mechanism of resistance. Whole-plant bioassay revealed that halosulfuron-resistant plants were not controlled by bispyribac–sodium, imazamox, and penoxsulam at the labeled

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20

McElroy, J. Scott, Michael L. Flessner, Zhuoyu Wang, Fenny Dane, Robert H. Walker, and Glenn R. Wehtje. "A Trp574 to Leu Amino Acid Substitution in the ALS Gene of Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Is Associated with Resistance to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides." Weed Science 61, no. 1 (2013): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-12-00068.1.

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Annual bluegrass is commonly controlled by acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides in managed turfgrass. An annual bluegrass population with suspected resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides was collected from Grand National Golf Course in Opelika, AL (GN population). Subsequent testing confirmed resistance of the GN population to foramsulfuron, trifloxysulfuron, bispyribac-sodium (bispyribac), and imazaquin when compared to a susceptible population collected locally at Auburn University (AU population). Sequencing of the ALS gene revealed a point mutation resulting in an amino acid

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21

Uchino, Akira. "Resistance to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides in Weeds." Journal of Pesticide Science 28, no. 4 (2003): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.28.479.

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22

Balassone, Federico, Eduardo Puricelli, and Delma Faccini. "Sensitivity of Conyza sumatrensis biotypes to glyphosate and ALS-inhibiting herbicides at two growth stages." AgriScientia 37, no. 2 (2020): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31047/1668.298x.v37.n2.25404.

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Conyza sumatrensis is one of the most problematic weeds in Argentina, withfrequent control failures after glyphosate application. The objective of this research was to evaluate sensitivity of C. sumatrensis biotypes, at two growth stages (rosette and vegetative), to glyphosate and acetolactate synthase(ALS)-inhibiting herbicides. Dose-response experiments were performed using 0, 1/16, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16-fold of the recommended dose for each herbicide. At rosette stage, the resistance level for glyphosate was 9.8, while at the vegetative stage neither biotype was controlled with

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23

López-Ovejero, Ramiro Fernando, Saul Jorge Pinto de Carvalho, Marcelo Nicolai, et al. "Resistance and differential susceptibility of Bidens pilosa and B. subalternans biotypes to ALS-inhibiting herbicides." Scientia Agricola 63, no. 2 (2006): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162006000200005.

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The frequent application of herbicides in agricultural areas may select resistant biotypes in weed populations, whose biological characteristics influence the speed and patterns of resistance. This research aims to charactere, simultaneously, resistance patterns and differential susceptibility of Bidens pilosa and B. subalternans biotypes to ALS-inhibiting herbicides of the imidazolinone and sulfonylurea chemical groups. Six hairy beggarticks biotypes, four suspected resistant and two known susceptible, were treated with eight rates of chlorimuron-ethyl or imazethapyr, in greenhouse conditions

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Mosqueda, Elizabeth G., Charlemagne A. Lim, Gustavo M. Sbatella, Prashant Jha, Nevin C. Lawrence, and Andrew R. Kniss. "Effect of crop canopy and herbicide application on kochia (Bassia scoparia) density and seed production." Weed Science 68, no. 3 (2020): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2020.23.

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AbstractUnderstanding the effects of crop management practices on weed survival and seed production is imperative in improving long-term weed management strategies, especially for herbicide-resistant weed populations. Kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott] is an economically important weed in western North American cropping systems for many reasons, including prolific seed production and evolved resistance to numerous herbicide sites of action. Field studies were conducted in 2014 in a total of four field sites in Wyoming, Montana, and Nebraska to quantify the impact of different crop canopi

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Broster, J. C., J. E. Pratley, R. H. L. Ip, L. Ang, and K. P. Seng. "A quarter of a century of monitoring herbicide resistance in Lolium rigidum in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 3 (2019): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18584.

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Charles Sturt University has operated a commercial herbicide resistance testing service since 1991, following a random survey of the South West Slopes region of New South Wales that identified significant incidence of herbicide resistance in annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.). Other surveys of cropping regions of southern Australia conducted at that time also found a significant incidence of resistance. In the subsequent 25-year period, the testing service has received samples from the majority of the southern Australian cropping belt. Overall, 80% of samples tested were resistant to acety

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Lamego, Fabiane P., Dirk Charlson, Carla A. Delatorre, Nilda R. Burgos, and Ribas A. Vidal. "Molecular Basis of Resistance to ALS-Inhibitor Herbicides in Greater Beggarticks." Weed Science 57, no. 5 (2009): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-09-056.1.

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Soybean is a major crop cultivated in Brazil, and acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides are widely used to control weeds in this crop. The continuous use of these ALS-inhibiting herbicides has led to the evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds worldwide. Greater beggarticks is a polyploid species and one of the most troublesome weeds in soybean production since the discovery of ALS-resistant biotypes in 1996. To confirm and characterize the resistance of greater beggarticks to ALS inhibitors, whole-plant bioassays and enzyme experiments were conducted. To investigate the molecular b

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Green, Jerry M., Theresa Hale, Margaret A. Pagano, John L. Andreassi, and Steven A. Gutteridge. "Response of 98140 Corn With Gat4621 and hra Transgenes to Glyphosate and ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides." Weed Science 57, no. 2 (2009): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-08-152.1.

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The transgenic corn line 98140 has a high level of resistance to glyphosate and all five chemical classes of herbicides that inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS). The dual herbicide resistance is due to a molecular stack of two constitutively expressed genes: gat4621, which produces a glyphosate acetyltransferase that rapidly inactivates glyphosate, and hra, which produces a highly resistant ALS. On a rate basis, the positive 98140 isoline with a single copy of the gat4621 gene is over 1,000-fold more resistant to glyphosate than a negative isoline without the transgene. Similarly, the positive

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Goldwasser, Yaakov, Mario R. Miranda Sazo, and W. Thomas Lanini. "Control of Field Dodder (Cuscuta campestris) Parasitizing Tomato with ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides." Weed Technology 26, no. 4 (2012): 740–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00173.1.

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Field dodder is a parasitic plant that attaches to the stems and leaves of broadleaf plants, including weeds, field crops, vegetables, and ornamentals, throughout most agricultural regions of the world. Effective field dodder control is extremely difficult to achieve, due to the nature of attachment and close association between host and parasite, which requires a highly effective and selective herbicide to destroy the parasite without crop damage. Previous studies have demonstrated the tolerance of certain tomato varieties to dodder parasitism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the

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Gelmini, Gerson Augusto, Ricardo Victória Filho, Maria do Carmo de Salvo Soares Novo, and Márcio Luiz Adoryan. "Resistence of Euphorbia Heterophylla L. to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in soybean." Scientia Agricola 62, no. 5 (2005): 452–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162005000500007.

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Herbicides are widely used in soybean for weed control, and the selection pressure attributed to the repeated use of herbicides with similar modes of action on the same site has caused selection for resistant biotypes within and among previously susceptible species, such as Euphorbia heterophylla L., in relation to ALS enzyme inhibitors, in the states of Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and São Paulo, Brazil. Seeds of E. heterophylla were collected to examine possible new cases of resistant populations and to test alternative herbicide treatments to manage these populations, in the Caarapó region, S

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30

Concenço, G., N. F. Lopes, D. M. Moraes, A. Andres, and P. T. B. S. Melo. "Rice seedling and plant development as affected by increasing rates of penoxsulam under controlled environments." Planta Daninha 24, no. 1 (2006): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582006000100017.

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Rice is a major staple in many countries. Weed control is one of the factors limiting higher rice yield. ALS (acetolactate synthase)-inhibiting herbicides are desirable weed control herbicides because of their high efficacy, low toxicity to mammalians, and low rates used. An important herbicide characteristic is high selectivity to the crop, since it facilitates fast crop establishment and greater crop advantage over the weeds. The objectives of this work were to study the effects of increasing rates of the ALS-inhibiting herbicide penoxsulam on seed integrity and germination, and seedling and

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Taylor, Breanna J. O., Rainer W. Hofmann, and Derrick J. Moot. "Yield of subterranean clover after post-emergence herbicide application for broadleaf weed control." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 82 (October 6, 2020): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2020.82.3424.

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A field experiment was established in Lincoln, Canterbury in autumn 2018 to evaluate the effect of acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibiting herbicides on subterraneun (sub) clover. Two herbicides, imazethapyr and flumetsulam, were applied to seven sub clover cultivars at the 4-5 trifoliate leaf stage during July 2018. By December 2018, both herbicides had reduced the broadleaf weed yield by 1000 kg DM/ha. Sub clover herbage yield in spring (3 Oct 2018) increased only for ‘Antas’ and ‘Napier’ cultivars but all cultivars had an increase in total annual herbage yield when herbicides were applied. P

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32

Hennigh, D. Shane, Kassim Al-Khatib, and Mitchell R. Tuinstra. "Postemergence Weed Control in Acetolactate Synthase–Resistant Grain Sorghum." Weed Technology 24, no. 3 (2010): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-09-00014.1.

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Postemergence herbicides to control grass weeds in grain sorghum are limited. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) –inhibiting herbicides are very effective at controlling many grass species in many crops; unfortunately, use of ALS-inhibiting herbicides is not an option in conventional grain sorghum because of its susceptibility to these herbicides. With the development of ALS-resistant grain sorghum, several POST ALS-inhibiting herbicides can be used to control weeds in grain sorghum. Field experiments were conducted in 2007 and 2008 to evaluate the efficacy of tank mixtures of nicosulfuron + rimsulfu

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Elezovic, Ibrahim, Dragana Bozic, and Sava Vrbnicanin. "Weed resistance to herbicides states: Causes and possibilities of preventive resistance." Pesticidi 18, no. 1 (2003): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif0301005e.

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Resistance occurs as a result of heritable changes to biochemical processes that enable plant survival when treated with a herbicide. Resistance can result from changes to the herbicides target site such that binding of the herbicide is reduced, or over-expression of the target site may occur. Alternatively, there may be a reduction in the amount of herbicide that reaches the target enzyme through detoxication, sequestration, or reduced absorption of herbicide. Finally, the plant may survive through the ability to protect plant metabolism from toxic compounds produced as a consequence of herbi

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Brosnan, James T., Jose J. Vargas, Eric H. Reasor, Roberto Viggiani, Gregory K. Breeden, and John M. Zobel. "A Diagnostic Assay to Detect Herbicide Resistance in Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua)." Weed Technology 31, no. 4 (2017): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2017.26.

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Turfgrass managers currently have few readily available means of evaluating herbicide resistance in annual bluegrass during the growing season. Research was conducted to determine if agar-based diagnostic tests developed for agronomic weeds could be used to reliably confirm herbicide resistance in annual bluegrass harvested from golf course turf. Annual bluegrass phenotypes with target-site resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS; R3, R7), enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS; R5), and photosystem II (PSII; R3, R4) inhibiting herbicides were included in experiments along with an h

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Yu, Qin, Xiao Qi Zhang, Abul Hashem, Michael J. Walsh, and Stephen B. Powles. "ALS gene proline (197) mutations confer ALS herbicide resistance in eight separated wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) populations." Weed Science 51, no. 6 (2003): 831–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/02-166.

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The biochemical and molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides was investigated in eight resistant (R) and three susceptible (S) wild radish populations. In vitro enzyme assays revealed an ALS herbicide–resistant ALS enzyme in all R populations. ALS enzyme extracted from the shoots of all eight R populations was highly resistant to the ALS-inhibiting sulfonylurea herbicide chlorsulfuron (20- to 160-fold) and the triazolopyrimidine herbicide metosulam (10- to 46-fold) and moderately resistant to metsulfuron (three to eightfold). There was little or no cro

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BRUSAMARELLO, A. P., P. H. OLIVEIRA, M. M. TREZZI, E. XAVIER, and E. D. DALOSTO. "INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO PROTOPORPHYRINOGEN OXIDASE INHIBITOR HERBICIDES IN WILD POINSETTIA." Planta Daninha 34, no. 3 (2016): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582016340300018.

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ABSTRACT Weed resistance to herbicides is a major global problem for agriculture. In recent years, the increased use of herbicides, without proper planning, has led to a large increase in the number of cases of weed biotypes that are resistant to one or more herbicide mechanism of action. Wild poinsettia biotypes (Euphorbia heterophylla), discovered in the State of Paraná, with resistance to herbicides that inhibit protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PROTOX) and acetolactate synthase (ALS), are the first case to exhibit multiple resistance in Brazil. This study analyzed the genetic inheritance of PROT

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Pataky, Jerald K., Jonathan N. Nordby, Martin M. Williams, and Dean E. Riechers. "Inheritance of Cross-sensitivity in Sweet Corn to Herbicides Applied Postemergence." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 131, no. 6 (2006): 744–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.131.6.744.

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Some sweet corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids and inbreds can be severely injured by applications of postemergence herbicides. An association was observed between the responses of sweet corn hybrids and inbreds to nicosulfuron and mesotrione, and F2 families derived from a cross of a sensitive (Cr1) and a tolerant (Cr2) sweet corn inbred segregated for response to these two herbicides. These observations prompted us to examine the inheritance of sensitivity in sweet corn to multiple postemergence herbicide treatments with different modes of action and to determine if there was a common genetic basis f

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Werle, Rodrigo, Kevin Begcy, Melinda K. Yerka, et al. "Independent Evolution of Acetolactate Synthase–inhibiting Herbicide Resistance in WeedySorghumPopulations across Common Geographic Regions." Weed Science 65, no. 1 (2017): 164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-16-00095.1.

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Traditional breeding has been used to develop grain sorghum germplasm that is tolerant to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides (Inzen Technology, DuPont). Inzen sorghum carries a double mutation in the ALS gene (Val560Ile and Trp574Leu), which confers high level of tolerance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Overreliance on ALS-inhibiting herbicides for weed control during the 1990s resulted in the evolution of ALS inhibitor–resistant shattercane populations in Nebraska. According to a survey conducted in 2013, ALS inhibitor–resistant weedySorghumpopulations persist in Nebraska. The o

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Zelaya, Ian A., and Micheal D. K. Owen. "Evolved resistance to acetolactate synthase–inhibiting herbicides in common sunflower (Helianthus annuus), giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida), and shattercane (Sorghum bicolor) in Iowa." Weed Science 52, no. 4 (2004): 538–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-03-113r1.

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Weed biotypes putatively resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides were reported by Iowa farmers from 1997 to 2001. Greenhouse studies confirmed cross-resistance to triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide and sulfonylurea (SU) herbicides in giant ragweed from Scott County, IA (Werner Farm), which corresponded to resistance to susceptibility (R:S) GR50(50% growth reduction) ratios of 21 and 28 to cloransulam and primisulfuron + prosulfuron, respectively. At the enzyme level, this represented a 49- and 20-foldI50(50% enzyme inhibition) increase. Cross-resistance to imidazolinone (I

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Schwartz-Lazaro, Lauren M., M. Ryan Miller, Jason K. Norsworthy, and Robert C. Scott. "Comparison of Simulated Drift Rates of Common ALS-Inhibiting Rice Herbicides to Florpyrauxifen-Benzyl on Soybean." International Journal of Agronomy 2017 (2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9583678.

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Acetolactate synthase- (ALS-) herbicides are among the most commonly used sites of action (SOA) in rice production. Many herbicides used in rice can cause carryover to soybean, which is commonly grown near to or rotated with rice. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl (Rinskor™ Active) brings an alternative SOA to rice production. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of simulated drift rates of florpyrauxifen-benzyl to commonly used ALS-inhibiting rice herbicides on soybean. A field study was conducted at two locations examining five ALS-inhibiting rice herbicides as well as florpyrauxifen-b

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Merotto, Aldo, Marie Jasieniuk, and Albert J. Fischer. "Distribution and Cross-Resistance Patterns of ALS-Inhibiting Herbicide Resistance in Smallflower Umbrella Sedge (Cyperus difformis)." Weed Science 58, no. 1 (2010): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-09-068.1.

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Basic factors contributing to the rapid evolution and broad distribution of acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide resistance in smallflower umbrella sedge L. have not yet been investigated. The objectives of this study were to examine patterns of cross-resistance to ALS herbicides and genetic diversity within and among smallflower umbrella sedge populations in California rice fields to provide insight into the processes contributing to resistance spread. Twelve different patterns of herbicide cross-resistance were found across the 56 populations sampled. The frequency of populations

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White, Anthony D., Michelle A. Graham, and Micheal D. K. Owen. "Isolation of acetolactate synthase homologs in common sunflower." Weed Science 51, no. 6 (2003): 845–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/p2002-136.

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A common sunflower population from Howard, SD (HSD) was previously determined to be cross-resistant to imazethapyr and chlorimuron-ethyl, both acetolactate synthase–inhibiting (ALS) herbicides. Experiments were conducted to determine if target-site polymorphisms could act as a mechanism of ALS-inhibitor herbicide resistance in the HSD common sunflower. Approximately 1,600 nucleotides were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced from putativeALSgene(s) in common sunflower and Jerusalem artichoke. In sunflower, two different amplification products were detected that differed by a ni

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DAMALAS, C. A., T. K. GITSOPOULOS, S. D. KOUTROUBAS, and I. GEORGOULAS. "ANNUAL GRASSES CONTROL WITH TOPRAMEZONE IN MIXTURE WITH ALS-INHIBITING HERBICIDES." Planta Daninha 33, no. 3 (2015): 509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582015000300013.

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ABSTRACTPanicoid grasses are major weeds of maize and sugarcane as well as of several other important grains, including sorghum, pearl millet, and foxtail millet. Pot trials were conducted to study the activity and potential interactions of topramezone in mixture with recommended rates of rimsulfuron or nicosulfuron on three annual panicoid grasses (i.e. Echinochloa oryzoides,E.phyllopogon, and Panicum miliaceum). Target weeds were treated at the four- to five-leaf growth stage. On the basis of fresh weight reduction, topramezone alone provided 78% control of E.oryzoides, 68% control of E.phyl

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Ellis, Andrew T., Lawrence E. Steckel, Christopher L. Main, Marcel S. C. De Melo, Dennis R. West, and Thomas C. Mueller. "A Survey for Diclofop-Methyl Resistance in Italian Ryegrass from Tennessee and How To Manage Resistance in Wheat." Weed Technology 24, no. 3 (2010): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-09-00035.1.

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Italian ryegrass resistance to diclofop has been documented in several countries, including the United States. The purpose of this research was to screen selected putative resistant populations of Italian ryegrass for resistance to the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)–inhibiting herbicides diclofop and pinoxaden and the acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides imazamox, pyroxsulam, and mesosulfuron in the greenhouse and to use field experiments to develop herbicide programs for Italian ryegrass control. Resistance to diclofop was confirmed in eight populations from Tennessee. These eig

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Legleiter, Travis R., and Kevin W. Bradley. "Glyphosate and Multiple Herbicide Resistance in Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis)Populations from Missouri." Weed Science 56, no. 4 (2008): 582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-07-204.1.

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Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the level of glyphosate resistance in common waterhemp populations from Platte County (MO1) and Holt County, Missouri (MO2), and to determine the level and distribution of resistance to glyphosate, acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides, and protoporophyrinogen oxidase (PPO)–inhibiting herbicides across the MO1 site. Results from greenhouse experiments revealed that the MO1 and MO2 waterhemp populations were 19 and 9 times more resistant to glyphosate, respectively, than a susceptible waterhemp population. In field experim

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Broster, J. C., J. E. Pratley, R. H. L. Ip, L. Ang, and K. P. Seng. "Cropping practices influence incidence of herbicide resistance in annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 1 (2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18355.

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Herbicide resistance is a common occurrence in southern Australia. The evolution of herbicide resistance is influenced by the selection pressure placed on the weed species controlled by that herbicide. Results from resistance screening of ~4500 annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) samples were entered in a GIS database, together with several agricultural parameters used in the Australian Bureau of Statistics Agricultural Surveys. This allowed a study of the associations between mode of action of resistance, geographic distribution of resistance across southern Australia, and farming practice

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Sato, Hiroko, Tadashi Takamizo, Tsutomu Shimizu, Kiyoshi Kawai, and Koichiro Kaku. "Conferred Resistance to an Acetolactate Synthase-inhibiting Herbicide in Transgenic Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)." HortScience 44, no. 5 (2009): 1254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.5.1254.

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Herbicide-resistant turfgrass can be an efficient tool that will allow easier turf maintenance. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is the first common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathways leading to the branched-chain amino acids, and amino acid substitutions in ALS have been known to confer resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. A two-point mutated rice ALS gene [OsALS (dm)] has been shown to confer strong resistance to bispyribac-sodium (BS), an ALS-inhibiting herbicide. In this study, we introduced into turf-type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) the OsALS (dm) gene by using Agrobacterium

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Sin, Bahadir, and İzzet Kadıoglu. "Trp-574-Leu mutation in wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) as a result of als inhibiting herbicide applications." PeerJ 9 (May 17, 2021): e11385. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11385.

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Wheat is one of the most important crops grown all around the world. Weeds cause significant yield loss and damage to wheat and their control is generally based on herbicide application. Regular use leads to herbicide resistance in weeds. This study aims to reveal molecular detection of Sinapis arvensis resistance mutation against ALS inhibiting herbicides. For this purpose, survey studies have been carried out in wheat growing areas in Amasya, Çorum, Tokat, and Yozgat provinces and wild mustard seeds have been collected from 310 different fields. According to bioassay tests with tribenuron-me

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Schaedler, C. E., J. A. Noldin, D. S. Eberhardt, D. Agostinetto, and N. R. Burgos. "Globe fringerush (Fimbristylis miliacea) cross resistance to als-inhibitor herbicides under field conditions in irrigated rice in the south of Brazil." Planta Daninha 31, no. 4 (2013): 893–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582013000400016.

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ALS-inhibiting herbicides usually provide adequate weed control in irrigated rice fields. After consecutive years of use, the Cyperaceae species, globe fringerush (Fimbristylis miliacea) began to show resistance to ALS (acetolactate synthase) inhibitors. Globe fringerush is one of the most problematic herbicide-resistant weeds in irrigated rice in the state of Santa Catarina in the South of Brazil. The objective of this research was to examine cross resistance of globe fringerush to ALS inhibitors, under field conditions. Two experiments were conducted in a rice field naturally infested with A

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Howatt, Kirk A., and Gregory J. Endres. "Herbicide-Resistant Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Response to Soil Residues of ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides." Weed Technology 20, no. 1 (2006): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-04-207r.1.

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Sunflower lines developed to resist some acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides are susceptible to foliar applications of other ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Research was conducted to determine whether imidazolinone (IMI)- or sulfonylurea (SU)-resistant sunflower was affected by soil residues of imazethapyr, metsulfuron, or flucarbazone. In greenhouse experiments, IMI-sunflower displayed 60 and 66% injury 4 wk after emergence with incorporated soil residues of metsulfuron at 4.2 g ai/ha and flucarbazone at 30 g ai/ha, respectively, but response to imazethapyr at 35 g ai/ ha was not dif

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