Journal articles: 'Alsace region'

1

Carrol, Alison. "Wine Making and the Politics of Identity in Alsace, 1918–1939." Contemporary European History 29, no. 4 (November 2020): 380–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777320000375.

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This article examines the politics of wine making in Alsace in the two decades after the region returned to French rule in 1918. During these years Alsatian wine makers worked to transform their wines to meet the tastes of French drinkers, following five decades of producing wine for German consumption. As wine makers grappled with the question of how to secure the future of their industry, Alsatian wine became emblematic of the most contentious aspects of Alsace's reintegration into France. The introduction of new laws on viticulture raised the question of what was French about wine, the wine industry's woes symbolised the difficulties of Alsace's economic reintegration and wine became an emblem for often fierce wrangling over identity and belonging in the recovered region. This article traces this process and argues that while wine became a symbol of the complications of reintegration, its importance in understandings of French national culture equally allowed it to offer a solution to the problems that return to France caused for Alsace's wine industry in the interwar years. In this way, this case study of the politics of wine making in Alsace is suggestive of wine's broader power as a symbol of national belonging.

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Hochstuhl, Kurt. "Regionalgeschichte in einer Grenzüberschreitende Region, die TriRhena Region." Revue d’Alsace, no. 133 (October 1, 2007): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/alsace.1462.

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Junge, Astrid, Jiri Chomiak, and Jiri Dvorak. "Incidence of Football Injuries in Youth Players." American Journal of Sports Medicine 28, no. 5_suppl (September 2000): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/28.suppl_5.s-47.

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Several authors have investigated the frequency of football injuries in youth players. However, the results of these studies are inconsistent because of the different age groups investigated and the different methods applied. The aim of the present study was to compare the incidence and characteristics of football injuries in youth players of two European regions. A total of 444 youth players from the Czech Republic and the Alsace region of France and Germany were followed weekly for 1 year. In 311 players (70%), complete weekly follow-ups over the 1-year period were available. The comparison of injury data revealed no substantial differences between players from the Alsace region and the Czech Republic in injury incidence per 1000 hours of exposure, degree of injury severity, or the circumstances in which the injuries occurred. However, players from the Czech Republic spent more time in training and playing football than did players from the Alsace region, and in the Czech Republic a higher proportion of injuries was caused by foul play. With only a few exceptions, the statistics were similar in the amount of football played as well as in the incidence of injury between different age and skill levels in both European regions.

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Byrnes, Joseph F. "The Relationship of Religious Practice to Linguistic Culture: Language, Religion, and Education in Alsace and the Roussillon, 1860–1890." Church History 68, no. 3 (September 1999): 598–626. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3170040.

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The revolutionary and legislator Bertrand Barrère in his Sur les idiomes étrangers et l'enseignement de la langue française had said, “Federalism and superstition speak Breton; emigration and hatred of the Republic speak German; the counter-revolution speaks Italian, and fanaticism speaks Basque.” For Barrère, regional languages were intertwined with religion (“superstition,” “fanaticism”) and the other antigovernment forces. And he was right, at least in part. Surveys made in the last century indicate that of those regions where a language other than French was spoken (German in Alsace-Lorraine, Flemish in the department of the Nord, Gaelic in Brittany, Basque in the Southwest, and Catalan in the Roussillon), all save the Roussillon had statistically high levels of religious practice. To explore how religious practice has been supported by linguistic culture in modern France, I have chosen the high-practice region of Alsace and the low-practice region of the Roussillon in the last half of the nineteenth century. I want to interpret the dynamics through which Alsace supported religious practice and the Roussillon did not.

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Pfeiffer, Martin. "Grenzüberschreitende Identitäten im badischen Oberrheingebiet: Unterschiede in der Konstruktion sprachlicher und regionaler Verbundenheit mit dem Elsass." Linguistik Online 98, no. 5 (November 8, 2019): 329–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.98.5943.

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Based on a qualitative analysis of 127 sociolinguistic interviews with speakers of Alemannic from 22 villages and towns along the Franco-German border at the Upper Rhine in Baden (Germany), this contribution investigates the construction of trans-border identities. The paper explores how Badeners perceive the relationship with Alsace (France) with regard to three thematic fields: 1) regional ties with Alsace, 2) language choice in communication across the border, and 3) comprehension of the Alsatian dialect. Two factors are shown to play a major role for the construction of trans-border identities. First, identities vary between regions, which can be explained by historical differences, especially with respect to political circumstances. The closer the historical relationship between the respective region and Alsace, the stronger the trans-border identity. Second, there is an influence of the geographical distance to the border. The closer a village is located to the border (the Rhine), the stronger the (self- and other-)ascription of linguistic and regional ties to Alsace. Furthermore, analysis reveals a correlation between the perception of regional ties to Alsace and language choice in trans-border communication: Persons who construct a shared regional cohesiveness across the border tend to use the Alemannic dialect when interacting with Alsatians, whereas persons who do not perceive such a cohesiveness mainly use Standard German or French.

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Andersen, Margaret. "Kinderreicher familien or familles nombreuses? French pronatalism in interwar Alsace." French History 34, no. 1 (November 14, 2019): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fh/crz069.

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Abstract This article explores the introduction of family policy in Alsace following the Great War and the efforts of local pronatalist leaders to create a new moral order in the region. While French goals of promoting population growth have been well documented at the national level, relatively little attention has been accorded to the unique way in which the demographic question developed outside Paris. The interwar period in France was marked by shifting boundaries and population movements across borders, both of which shaped French pronatalism. Because such developments factored into understandings of both French identity and concerns about population growth, French demographic policy cannot be fully understood without considering how these questions developed in regions such as Alsace. As this article shows, the introduction of a pronatalist family policy and moral crusade intersected with concurrent efforts to minimize German influences and make the region more ‘French’.

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Argy, Nicolas, Marcela Sabou, Alain Billing, Christian Hermsdorff, Ermanno Candolfi, and Ahmed Abou-Bacar. "A First Human Case of Ocular Dirofilariosis due toDirofilaria repensin Northeastern France." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/698647.

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We report the first case of ocular dirofilariasis to be diagnosed in northeast France (Alsace region), in a man who presented with a suborbital mass after a journey to Senegal. Microscopic examination of the surgical specimen identifiedDirofilaria repens.

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hudgins, sharon. "Alsatian Kugelhopf: A Cake for All Seasons." Gastronomica 10, no. 4 (2010): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2010.10.4.62.

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A specialty of the French region of Alsace, Kugelhopf is a light-textured, brioche-like cake made from yeast-raised dough flavored with raisins, lemon zest, and eau-de-vie. Usually baked in special ceramic molds with a tube in the center, most Kugelhopfs are crown- or turban-shaped, with fluted sides and a dusting of confectioner's sugar on top. Kugelhopfs are also made in molds of other shapes, such as hearts, stars, fish, and lambs, for holidays and special occasions (e.g., Christmas, Easter, weddings, baptisms). In Alsace these classic cakes are consumed in rural and urban areas by people of all ages, religions, and social classes.

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Strauss, Peter, Anette Paschen, Henri Vogt, and Winfried E. H. Blum. "Evaluation of r‐factors as exemplified by the Alsace region (France)." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 42, no. 2 (November 1997): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650349709385718.

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Borvon, Aurélia. "New data about the consumption of fish from the Alsace Region, France." International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 29, no. 3 (May 2019): 407–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.2769.

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Kopp-Bigault, Céline, Michel Walter, and Anne Thevenot. "The social representations of suicide in France: An inter-regional study in Alsace and Brittany." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 62, no. 8 (November 4, 2016): 737–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764016675652.

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Background: Suicide is a major worldwide public health issue. Various studies showed that individual attitudes toward suicide change in a region with high suicide rate. Attitudes are one of the components of a global and complex system: social representations (SRs). Aims: In France, the Brittany region has an abnormally high death rate due to suicides. Our research focuses on the SRs of suicide in this region. The hypothesis underlying this project is that suicide SRs are different between an area with a high suicide rate and a region less affected by suicide. Method: A comparative study between the Brittany and Alsace regions, with the latter showing a statistically much lower suicide rate. The persons polled responded to a three-word free-association task around the question ‘For you, suicide is …?’ An analysis of word frequency and evocation rank was then carried out. Results: In confirmation of our hypothesis, SRs were different between Brittany and the control region. Conclusion: The study’s results open new avenues of research, specific to Brittany, in terms of the collective or individual effects of suicides, in terms of psycho-pathological conditions – essentially on depression, and in terms of training, on the stereotypes associated with suicide.

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Vogler, Bernard. "Godel (Eric), Die Zentralschweiz in der Helvetik (1798-1803). Kriegserfahrungen und Religion im Spannungsfeld von Nation und Region." Revue d’Alsace, no. 137 (September 1, 2011): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/alsace.1118.

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13

Collins, Lyndhurst. "The dynamics of regional identity in a frontier region: The case of Alsace." Journal of Borderlands Studies 13, no. 1 (March 1998): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08865655.1998.9695508.

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GOODFELLOW, SAMUEL HUSTON. "Fascism as a Transnational Movement: The Case of Inter-War Alsace." Contemporary European History 22, no. 1 (December 14, 2012): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777312000495.

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AbstractThe idea of fascism spread quickly and transnationally in the inter-war era. Fascist groups identified themselves as sharing fundamental characteristics and ideas. At the same time, they distorted fascism for their own purposes, adapting it to their specific contexts. As a border region, Alsace provides a number of examples of fascist groups claiming solidarity with fascism, yet distinguishing themselves from each other. Looking at fascism as a transnational phenomenon provides insight into the evolution of fascist ideology and will help explain why it is so difficult to define.

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Svanella-Dumas, L., T. Candresse, I. Maurice, V. Blin, R. Quaren, and C. Birgaentzle. "First Report of the Presence of Plum pox virus Rec Strain in France." Plant Disease 99, no. 3 (March 2015): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-14-0763-pdn.

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Plum pox virus (PPV) is the most detrimental virus in stone fruit crops (Prunus sp.). At least nine monophyletic PPV strains are recognized, three of which, PPV-D, PPV-M, and PPV-Rec, have broad distributions (2). PPV-Rec is characterized by a unique founding recombination event and has been reported mostly from Central and South-Central Europe (2). It is generally considered poorly adapted to peach, and the weak and transient symptoms it causes in the GF305 peach seedling indicator may complicate its biological detection (2). During surveys in the Alsace region of France in spring 2013, a plum orchard with trees (Prunus domestica cv. Quetsche d'Alsace 3066) showing dubious leaf symptoms possibly reminiscent of PPV infection was identified. Testing of material from this plant by ELISA (Bioreba AG, Switzerland) gave clear positive reactions, putting the overall infection rate of the orchard at 6.25%, while a second nearby orchard was found infected at a rate of 0.8%. The presence of PPV was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using either the P1-P2 polyvalent primer pair or the P3M-P4b primer pair, which allows the specific amplification of isolates of the Rec and M strains (1). Sequencing of the 467-nt-long P3M-P4b PCR product (Genbank Accession No. KM035763), which spans the end of the NIb gene and the N-terminal hypervariable end of the coat protein gene, provided clear identification of the PPV isolate as belonging to the Rec strain, since it contained all the PPV-Rec specific mutations in the amplified region and showed 98.7 to 97.7% identity with a range of PPV Rec isolates mostly originating from the Balkans. Identification as a PPV-Rec isolate was also confirmed using a strain-specific reverse-transcription–PCR assay (3). This is, to our knowledge, the first report of the presence of PPV-Rec in France. This finding is worrisome given that PPV-Rec is considered well adapted to plum (2), the most important Prunus crop in Alsace. Further surveillance in Alsace during 2014 failed to provide evidence for the presence of PPV-Rec in other areas of the region away from the initial infection focus, which is currently undergoing eradication efforts. References: (1) T. Candresse et al. Phytopathology 88:198, 1998. (2) J. A. García et al. Mol. Plant Pathol. 15:226, 2014. (3) Z. Subr et al. Acta Virol. 48:173, 2004.

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Haller, Coralie, Liz Thach, and Janeen Olsen. "Understanding eWinetourism Practices of European and North America Wineries." Journal of Gastronomy and Tourism 4, no. 3 (May 15, 2020): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/216929720x15846938923987.

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This research study introduces a definition for eWineTourism (eWT) and a new PIAB (purpose, ICTs, activities, benefits) conceptual model to analyze eWT. It also presents the results of an exploratory study to understand eWT practices of wineries in six major wine regions in Europe and North America. The objective is to understand how wineries in different global regions are using eWT practices to attract consumers and to interact with them online. An online survey methodology was used to evaluate the websites of 729 wineries in the six regions of Bordeaux, Alsace, Piedmont, Tuscany, Napa/Sonoma, and Oregon. Results indicate that global wine regions are adopting eWT practices in different ways, but no one wine region is as yet utilizing eWT to its full potential. Major contributions of this study are its introduction of an eWT definition, the PIAB model, and recommendations for academics and practitioners regarding the advancement of eWT practices.

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Scheyer, Anne, Stéphane Morville, Philippe Mirabel, and Maurice Millet. "Pesticides analysed in rainwater in Alsace region (Eastern France): Comparison between urban and rural sites." Atmospheric Environment 41, no. 34 (November 2007): 7241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.05.025.

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Dorocki, Sławomir. "Kształtowanie się regionów przemysłowych Francji." Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society 10 (January 1, 2008): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20801653.10.4.

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The subject of the article is the process of creating industrial regions of France. On the basis of statistical data and referring to the number of employees in the industry, the number of industrial plants and the dimension of industrial production, an attempt at industrial regions delimitation has been made. Workshops dominated industrial activity up to the 19th century. They were mostly situated in densely populated northern parts of France.The factor which initiated the process of industry concentration was the invention of the steam engine. This dependence of industry on the steam engine and coal caused industry concentration in the regions which were rich in natural resources and trained manpower. In the second phase of industry concentration water-energy basis played the main role. It led to the creation of large industrial centres in the mountains and around big cities. Due to the industrial growth index the industrial centres of France were situated in four regions. The most industrialized region was the North, covering Flandres, Picardy, Île-de-France and Upper Normandy – the Seine Valley. The eastern region covered Ardenne, Champagne, Lorraine and Alsace. The third region was Lyon and St-Étienne and the regions of the Alps and the Saone Valley. In the south the regions of Provence with Marseille and the Rhone estuary were standing ou

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Gerbaud, Laurent, Candy Guiguet-Auclair, Franck Breysse, Joséphine Odoul, Lemlih Ouchchane, Jonathan Peterschmitt, Camille Dezfouli-Desfer, and Vincent Breton. "Hospital and Population-Based Evidence for COVID-19 Early Circulation in the East of France." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 7175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197175.

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Background: Understanding SARS-CoV-2 dynamics and transmission is a serious issue. Its propagation needs to be modeled and controlled. The Alsace region in the East of France has been among the first French COVID-19 clusters in 2020. Methods: We confront evidence from three independent and retrospective sources: a population-based survey through internet, an analysis of the medical records from hospital emergency care services, and a review of medical biology laboratory data. We also check the role played in virus propagation by a large religious meeting that gathered over 2000 participants from all over France mid-February in Mulhouse. Results: Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 was circulating several weeks before the first officially recognized case in Alsace on 26 February 2020 and the sanitary alert on 3 March 2020. The religious gathering seems to have played a role for secondary dissemination of the epidemic in France, but not in creating the local outbreak. Conclusions: Our results illustrate how the integration of data coming from multiple sources could help trigger an early alarm in the context of an emerging disease. Good information data systems, able to produce earlier alerts, could have avoided a general lockdown in France.

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Kim, Sumin, Dongmin Lee, and Junghoon Moon. "A Study on Regional Native Chicken and Certification System in France - Focusing on Alsace, Bresse Region -." Korean Journal of Poultry Science 45, no. 1 (March 2018): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5536/kjps.2018.45.1.41.

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Pisarev, E. N. "French square. Soldiers captive from Alsace and Lorraine in the military captivity in the Tambov region." Historical Expertise 3, no. 16 (September 28, 2018): 56–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31754/2409-6105-2018-3-56-82.

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Haller, Coralie, Daria Plotkina, and Tan Vo-Thanh. "Social Media Use of Small Wineries in Alsace: Resources and Motivations Analysis." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 8149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158149.

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Social media (SM) plays an increasingly important role in small and medium businesses, including wineries. However, little is known about the managerial adoption and use of SM by wineries. This study aims to understand wineries’ SM usage by analysing their strategic objectives of SM usage and main differences in relation to their SM usage, as well as establishing factors contributing to SM usage. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) framework (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions) is discussed together with additional explanatory factors relevant in the studied context (attitude toward SM, self-efficacy, and anxiety). A quantitative survey of 78 wineries from the Alsace wine region of France was conducted. The results show that SM is currently used by a majority of wineries, but that strategic alignment is missing. There are significant differences in SM usage according to winery size, export orientation, and winemakers’ profiles. The results also confirm that wineries need resources and knowledge to use SM more extensively.

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Nebbak, Amira, Handi Dahmana, Lionel Almeras, Didier Raoult, Nathalie Boulanger, Benoit Jaulhac, Oleg Mediannikov, and Philippe Parola. "Co-infection of bacteria and protozoan parasites in Ixodes ricinus nymphs collected in the Alsace region, France." Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 10, no. 6 (October 2019): 101241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2019.06.001.

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Tang, Fujiao, and Hossein Nowamooz. "Long-term performance of a shallow borehole heat exchanger installed in a geothermal field of Alsace region." Renewable Energy 128 (December 2018): 210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.05.073.

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Pop, R., V. Quenardelle, A. Hasiu, D. Mihoc, F. Sellal, M. H. Dugay, P. A. Lebedinsky, et al. "Impact of the COVID‐19 outbreak on acute stroke pathways – insights from the Alsace region in France." European Journal of Neurology 27, no. 9 (June 3, 2020): 1783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ene.14316.

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Fuchs, Julien, Denis Jallat, and Jean Saint-Martin. "Frankophilie, Germanophilie und „Elsässertum“ in den Jugendbewegungen Straßburgs zwischen 1918 und 1925. Patriotismus – Körpererziehung – Naturbegeisterung." STADION 43, no. 2 (2019): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2019-2-303.

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In Alsace, a region between France and Germany many youth organizations were formed in 1918, for example scouting movements and religious education associations. All these groups followed the same aim, i.e. to support young people and to transmit their values using physical education. These Alsatian associations, which were marked by 50 years of German presence, had to adapt to the expectation of the French government to rebuild a unified territory around a common identity. In doing so, they developed original forms of body culture that corresponded to an “Alsatian identity”. This article shows how youth organizations educated and trained young people under these conditions, and how they succeeded in defending the idea of French national identity as well as promoting an original form of culture based on local particularities.

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Ferquel, Elisabeth, Martine Garnier, Jérôme Marie, Claire Bernède-Bauduin, Guy Baranton, Claudine Pérez-Eid, and Danièle Postic. "Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato and Anaplasmataceae Members in Ixodes ricinus Ticks in Alsace, a Focus of Lyme Borreliosis Endemicity in France." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 4 (April 2006): 3074–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.4.3074-3078.2006.

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ABSTRACT Due to the high Lyme borreliosis incidence in Alsace, in northeastern France, we investigated in 2003-2004 three cantons in this region in order to determine the density of Ixodes ricinus ticks infected by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasmataceae. The peak density of nymphs infected by B. burgdorferi sensu lato at Munster and Guebwiller, where the disease incidence was high, was among the highest reported in Europe (105 and 114 per 100 m2, respectively). In contrast, the peak density of infected nymphs was low in the canton of Dannemarie (5/100 m2), where the disease incidence was low. The two main species detected in ticks were Borrelia afzelii, more frequent in nymphs, and Borrelia garinii, more frequent in adult ticks. The rates of tick infection by Anaplasma phagocytophilum were 0.4% and 1.2% in nymphs and adults, respectively.

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Reiners, Tobias Erik, Julien Eidenschenk, Karsten Neumann, and Carsten Nowak. "Preservation of genetic diversity in a wild and captive population of a rapidly declining mammal, the Common hamster of the French Alsace region." Mammalian Biology 79, no. 4 (June 2014): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mambio.2013.10.004.

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Hansen, Bert, and Richard E. Weisberg. "Louis Pasteur's three artist compatriots—Henner, Pointelin, and Perraud: A story of friendship, science, and art in the 1870s and 1880s." Journal of Medical Biography 25, no. 1 (June 23, 2016): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772015575887.

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Biographers have largely ignored Louis Pasteur's many and varied connections with art and artists. This article is the second in a series of the authors' studies of Pasteur's friendships with artists. This research project has uncovered data that enlarge the great medical chemist's biography, throwing new light on a variety of topics including his work habits, his social life, his artistic sensibilities, his efforts to lobby on behalf of his artist friends, his relationships to their patrons and to his own patrons, and his use of works of art to foster his reputation as a leader in French medical science. In a prior article, the authors examined his unique working relationship with the Finnish painter Albert Edelfelt and the creation of the famous portrait of Pasteur in his laboratory in the mid-1880s. The present study documents his especially warm friendship with three French artists who came from Pasteur's home region, the Jura, or from neighboring Alsace. A forthcoming study gives an account of his friendships with Max Claudet and Paul Dubois, both of whom made important images of Pasteur, and it offers further illustrations of his devotion to the fine arts.

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Scheyer, Anne, Stéphane Morville, Philippe Mirabel, and Maurice Millet. "Gas/particle partitioning of lindane and current-used pesticides and their relationship with temperature in urban and rural air in Alsace region (east of France)." Atmospheric Environment 42, no. 33 (October 2008): 7695–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.05.029.

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Hansen, Bert, and Richard E. Weisberg. "Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), his friendships with the artists Max Claudet (1840–1893) and Paul Dubois (1829–1905), and his public image in the 1870s and 1880s." Journal of Medical Biography 25, no. 1 (July 9, 2016): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772015575889.

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Biographers have largely ignored Louis Pasteur's many and varied connections with art and artists. This article is the third in a series of the authors' studies of Pasteur's friendships with artists. This research project has uncovered data that enlarge the great medical chemist's biography, throwing new light on a variety of topics including his work habits, his social life, his artistic sensibilities, his efforts to lobby on behalf of his artist friends, his relationships to their patrons and to his own patrons, and his use of works of art to foster his reputation as a leader in French medical science. In their first article, the authors examined his unique working relationship with the Finnish painter Albert Edelfelt and the creation of the famous portrait of Pasteur in his laboratory in the mid-1880s. A second study documented his especially warm friendship with three French artists who came from Pasteur's home region, the Jura, or from neighbouring Alsace. The present study explores Pasteur's friendships with Max Claudet and Paul Dubois, both of whom created important representations of Pasteur. These friendships and others with patrons reveal an active pursuit of patronage and reputation building from 1876 into the late 1880s. Yet, although Pasteur actively used public art to raise his status, it becomes clear in these stories that for Pasteur beauty was an ideal and art a pleasure for its own sake.

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Lebon, Eric, Vincent Dumas, Philippe Pieri, and Hans R. Schultz. "Modelling the seasonal dynamics of the soil water balance of vineyards." Functional Plant Biology 30, no. 6 (2003): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp02222.

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A geometrical canopy model describing radiation absorption (Riou et al. 1989, Agronomie 9, 441–450) and partitioning between grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) and soil was coupled to a soil water balance routine describing a bilinear change in relative transpiration rate as a function of the fraction of soil transpirable water (FTSW). The model was amended to account for changes in soil evaporation after precipitation events and subsequent dry-down of the top soil layer. It was tested on two experimental vineyards in the Alsace region, France, varying in soil type, water-holding capacity and rooting depth. Simulations were run over four seasons (1992–1993, 1995–1996) and compared with measurements of FTSW conducted with a neutron probe. For three out of four years, the model simulated the dynamics in seasonal soil water balance adequately. For the 1996 season soil water content was overestimated for one vineyard and underestimated for the other. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the model responded strongly to changes in canopy parameters, and that soil evaporation was particularly sensitive to water storage of the top soil layer after rainfall. We found a close relationship between field-average soil water storage and pre-dawn water potential, a relationship which could be used to couple physiological models of growth and / or photosynthesis to the soil water dynamics.

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Flöter-Durr, Margarete, and Thierry Grass. "Alfred Schütz : une autre théorie de la pertinence et son application en traduction." Fachsprache 40, no. 1-2 (April 17, 2018): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/fs.v40i1-2.1603.

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Despite the work of Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson (1989), the concept of relevance has not enjoyed the popularity it deserved among translators as it appears to be more productive in information science and sociology than in translation studies. The theory of relevance provides underpinnings of a unified account of translation proposed by Ernst-August Gutt. However, if the concept of relevance should take into account all parameters of legal translation, the approach should be pragmatic and not cognitive: The aim of a relevant translation is to produce a legal text in the target language which appears relevant to the lawyer in the target legal system, namely a text that can be used in the same way as the original source text. The legal translator works as a facilitator from one legal system into another and relevance is the core of this pragmatic approach which requires translation techniques like adaptation rather than through-translation or calque (in the terminology of Delisle/Lee-Jahnk/Cormier 1999). This contribution tries to show that relevance theory, which was developed in the field of sociology by Alfred Schütz, could also be applied to translation theory with the aim of producing a correct translation in a concrete situation. Some examples extracted from one year of the practice of an expert law translator (German-French) at the Court of Appeal in the Alsace region illustrate our claim and underpin an approach of legal translation and its heuristics that is both pragmatic and reflexive.

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Lehujeur, Maximilien, Jérôme Vergne, Alessia Maggi, and Jean Schmittbuhl. "Vertical seismic profiling using double-beamforming processing of nonuniform anthropogenic seismic noise: The case study of Rittershoffen, Upper Rhine Graben, France." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): B209—B217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0136.1.

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Correlating ambient seismic noise allows us to image the subsoil in various contexts and at different scales. Applying this technique to anthropogenic seismic noise can be challenging when the spatial distribution of the sources is not uniform. We have addressed the feasibility of exploiting this kind of noise in addition to microseismic noise to extend the reconstruction of Rayleigh-wave dispersion at periods between 0.2 and 1 s. We used data acquired with two small aperture arrays ([Formula: see text] stations with a 200 m helical distribution) deployed near the deep geothermal site of Rittershoffen (Alsace, France). In this region, the sparse human activity causes strong seismic noise, whose nonuniform spatial distribution limits our ability to determine the surface wave velocity between stations using the classical noise correlation technique at periods of less than 1 s. We have used double beamforming to isolate the noise sources that contribute constructively to the empirical Green’s function between the two arrays and recovered the Rayleigh-wave dispersion curve at periods less than 1 s. Using a probabilistic inversion, we found that such data, combined with surface wave measurements at periods greater than 1 s, are helpful to improve the reliability of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] profiles at depths down to the deep-geothermal reservoir (2.5 km). Such profiles are helpful in a geothermal context because they improve the location of induced seismic events, necessary for reservoir monitoring and risk assessment.

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Krupa, Eva, Nicolas Henon, and Bruno Mathieu. "Diapause characterisation and seasonality of Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera, Culicidae) in the northeast of France." Parasite 28 (2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2021045.

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The invasive mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald, 1901) settled in 2013 in the Alsace region, in the northeast of France. In this temperate area, some mosquito species use diapause to survive cold winter temperatures and thereby foster settlement and dispersal. This study reports diapause and its seasonality in a field population of Ae. japonicus in the northeast of France. For two years, eggs were collected from May to the beginning of November. They were most abundant in summer and became sparse in late October. Diapause eggs were determined by the presence of a fully developed embryo in unhatched eggs after repeated immersions. Our study showed effective diapause of Ae. japonicus in this part of France. At the start of the egg-laying period (week 20), we found up to 10% of eggs under diapause, and this rate reached 100% in October. The 50% cut-off of diapause incidence was determined by the end of summer, leading to an average calculated maternal critical photoperiod of 13 h 23 min. Interestingly, diapause was shown to occur in part of the eggs even at the earliest period of the two seasons, i.e. in May of each year. Even though we observed that the size of eggs was positively correlated with diapause incidence, morphology cannot be used as the unique predictive indicator of diapause status due to overlapping measurements between diapausing and non-diapausing eggs. This study provides new knowledge on diapause characterisation and invasive traits of Ae. japonicus.

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Savranchuk, Larisa. ""Wine" tours by Europe as one of the areas of recreational activities." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 49 (December 30, 2015): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2015.49.8648.

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The term “wine” tourism and its essence are considered in the article. Program, duration and types of “wine” tours are described. Principles of organization of such tours and the term of pre-order are determined. The attention is focused on the process of tasting, that includes: the location, the quality of the material, content; features and traits of enoteks, museums and wine festivals are highlighted; examples of classification “wine” tours (group, individual, hybrids first and second) are given. The data on the structure of “wine” tours (move to the starting point of travel, transfers, accommodation, catering facilities, and excursions) are presented. It refers to additional features over the standard program. Examples of car travel by the “wine” roads of France, “wine” routes in Italy are given. “Wine” tours of European countries, particularly in Cyprus (history's most famous brands, festivals, “wine” routes, the Museum of wine) are described. The excursion to the Greek winery, the link between wine and culture of the Italians and their character are delineated. The competitive principles of annual ceremony of marking of the best restaurant for “wine” tourism; culture center of the wine, “wine” estates in Italy are described. The attention is concentrated to the history of the brand “Chianti”, production of grappa and other. The feast of the grape in Spain (dates, location, program of “hero” holidays) are discussed in the article. Peculiarities of climate and soils of Southern Spain are mentioned as factors of growing vines “Palomino”, the role and value of “noble” mold in the production of heres, the features of the technology. The regions of wineries of Spain; the largest museum in the world of wine; specific accommodation facilities “Bodega”; symbiosis SPA hotels and restaurants; recreational coverage of Panades are mentioned in the article. The examples of production of the original Porto – the Sunny nectar of Portugal in Douro valley are given. Extra motivation to visit “wine” tours in Portugal are stated. The data about the culture of wine consumption in France are presented. “Wine” tours in Bordeaux, Champagne, Burgundy and Luarska Valley, Alsace and “wine” marathons of Medoc are described. Features of “wine” tours in Germany, classes of wines quality, wine-growing region, “wine” parks are highlighted. Geneva wine region of Switzerland, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site are characterized in the article. Attention is concentrated to the “wine” tours in Hungary (22 wine regions). Underdeveloped areas “wine” of tourism in Georgia are revealed. “Wine” tours in Transcarpathian and Odessa regions of Ukraine are described. Key words: “wine” variety of gastronomic tours as direction of recreational activities.

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Tsai, Ya-Lun S., and Shih-Yuan Lin. "Big climate data assessment of viticultural conditions for wine quality determination in France." OENO One 54, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 699–717. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2020.54.4.3563.

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Grapevine is one of the economically most important crops especially in Europe. Although its investment value has been widely recognized, the complex interactions between climate and viticulture remain immaturely understood and modeled, which largely limits a reliable investing strategy by using the observed climate conditions to estimate the wine quality. Therefore, with the aim of comprehensively analyzing the climate-viticulture relationship, compared to most previous studies which employed a few climate factors derived from sparsely located meteorological stations, in the present study, we include 22 climate factors, including temperature, water balance, atmosphere, and radiation data provided by a global land assimilation system covering a period of 40 years (1970 to 2010) as well as two large-scale atmospheric teleconnection indices to establish a holistic climate-wine quality model. Moreover, instead of the conventionally used simple regression methods, to deal with the comprehensive but volume climate dataset, we employ the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression method, which excels in ingesting a massive amount of variables having complex collinearities. In the pre-analysis of correlations between utilized climate factors, it is found that sunlight has the strongest connections with other factors as it correlates with the most number of climate factors. On the contrary, temperature, the conventionally most commonly employed factor, correlates with much fewer factors. Finally, via validation with wine vintage scores derived from two authoritative rating systems, it is ensured that our proposed approach can accurately establish the climate-wine quality models for four well-known wine-growing regions in France, including Alsace, Bordeaux, Burgundy, and Champagne. Due to the more complex climate pattern of Bordeaux compared to other regions, two bank-wise models instead of a bank-merged model is vital for Bordeaux to achieve a similar modeling accuracy. Eventually, a satisfactory vintage deviance explaining accuracy with one standard deviation score residual within ± 6 points can be achieved in all regions. Therefore, based on the established climate-wine quality model together with the observed climate conditions, the wine quality of each region can be reliably predicted, which provides a reliable reference for wine investment.

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Israel, Uwe. "Defensio oder Die Kunst des Invektierens im Oberrheinischen Humanismus." Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung: Volume 46, Issue 3 46, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 408–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/zhf.46.3.407.

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Summary Defensio or The Art of Disparagement in the Upper-Rhenish Humanism In the first years of the 16th century two scholars from the Alsatian province, secular priest Jakob Wimpfeling and Franciscan Thomas Murner, the latter one generation younger than the former, started a quarrel in Strasbourg. Quickly, their friends and students, then the city council, and finally even King Maximilian I got drawn into the polemical debate. At first sight the controversial topic was only a highly charged issue in politically troubled times: Had the Alsace region and its capital always belonged to Germany or had they been part of France at some time in the past? But it was also a quarrel about the educational sovereignty. This was an issue important to humanists. Secular ond ordinary priests hotly debated the topic not only in Strasbourg, but also elsewhere. The literary feud involved not only arguments, but also sharp personal attacks, offences and defamations. Several publications included disparaging letters, poems, treatises and pictures which often hardly bore any reference to the issue in question. The question arises why humanists, who are generally thought to be concerned with language and education, resorted to such drastic and defamatory means in their personal conflicts. The paper addresses this question with the help of the theories and methods currently employed by the Collaborative Research Centre Dresden with the title „Invectivity“. It analyzes the constellations of the controversy, examines the dynamics and escalations of their process, and traces the emotions of those involved. This will deepen our understanding about the operations of social demarcation and the mechanisms of group formation among humanists and concomitantly the fundamental social potential for conflict.

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Chambres, O., P. Schultz, and C. Debry. "The Larynxane ST® intralaryngeal endoprosthesis for laryngotracheal pathologies." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 120, no. 11 (May 4, 2006): 942–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215106000466.

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Objectives: The authors present their experience of a new intralaryngeal silicone prosthesis used to manage laryngotracheal pathologies associated with severe deglutition and respiratory disorders.Study design: This retrospective study, conducted in the head and neck surgery department of the Strasbourg University Hospital, France, included 10 patients (12 prostheses inserted) and was conducted from November 2000 to November 2003.Methods: A pre-operative clinical examination and a computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance scan assessed patients' laryngeal function. Two different semirigid laryngotracheal prostheses were used, inserted under general anaesthetic into the region from the supraglottic area to the first tracheal cartilages including the vocal folds and the ventricles. In group one (n = 5), patients presented with laryngeal stenosis with preserved deglutition function, and patent prostheses were used to restore laryngeal patency. In group two (n = 5), patients suffered from severe deglutition disorders and were in poor general condition and so required a cuffed tracheostomy tube, therefore obstructed prostheses were inserted to stop aspirations and to suppress the cuff of the tracheostomy tube. The study was performed under the authorization of the Biomedical Research Patients' Protection Committee of Alsace I, France.Results: The mean implantation duration was six months. The prosthesis used in the first group restored laryngeal patency without further complications such as aspiration or prosthesis (mucous) obstruction. The prosthesis used in group two prevented aspiration and allowed to change a cuff by an uncuffed tracheostomy tube.Conclusions: The intralaryngeal prosthesis used in group one constituted a reversible and effective method of treating laryngotracheal stenoses. The intralaryngeal prosthesis used in group two constituted an alternative to classical larynx exclusion techniques. The insertion is performed in few minutes under general anaesthetic through an endoscopic procedure. This reversible technique aimed to treat patients rapidly to reduce complications and post-operative morbidity.

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Chimjarn, Supansa, Olivier Delhomme, and Maurice Millet. "Temporal Distribution and Gas/Particle Partitioning of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Atmosphere of Strasbourg, France." Atmosphere 12, no. 3 (March 5, 2021): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030337.

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Gas and particulate phase ambient air concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Ʃ16PAHs) were determined in Strasbourg, a large city located in the Alsace region of northeastern France, from May 2018 to March 2020, to study the evolution of their temporal variations and their potential origins. The analysis of PAHs was performed using a global analytical method permitting the quantification of pesticides, PAHs, and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). Filters and Carbon doped silicon carbide NMC@SiC foams were extracted by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) followed by a solid-phase extraction (SPE). Afterwards, extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Prior to analysis, a pre-concentration step based on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was used with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 100 µm fiber. The average total (gas plus particulate) concentration of Ʃ16PAHs varied from 0.51 to 117.31 ng m−3 with a mean of 16.87 ng m−3, with higher concentrations in the cold season of more than 2.5-fold and 6-fold that in the warm season for the gas and particulate phases, respectively. Moreover, low molecular weight (LMW) (2-ring and 3-ring) and medium molecular weight (MMW) (4-ring) PAHs contribute dominantly to the gas phase, while the particulate phase is associated with MMW (4-ring) and high molecular weight (HMW) (5-ring and 6-ring) PAHs. Gas/particle partitioning coefficient (log Kp) was calculated, and values varied between −4.13 and −1.49. It can be seen that the log Kp increased with the molecular weight of the PAHs and that the log Kp is different between cold and warm seasons for HMW PAHs but not for LMW PAHs. Diagnostic ratios of PAHs, which were employed to estimate the primary source of PAHs in Strasbourg, indicate that fuel combustion and biomass/coal burning are the possible origins of PAHs in Strasbourg’s atmosphere.

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Esaulov, Serhii. "Foreign Policy of Hungary Towards Ukraine or “European Menu à la Carte”." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XIX (2018): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2018-35.

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The author raises the issue of settling conflicts around the world and discusses modern attempts to establish law and order. Particular attention is paid to the intricate relations between Hungary and Ukraine. With Russia’s aggression against Ukraine there was ruined a system of international relations, which provided for the rule of law, the right to settle disputes without applying military tools, force or threats. Russia initiated a new precedent of impunity, insolent violation of the fundamental norms of international law, and demonstrated the world how the borders may be redrawn as one sees fit and “bring historical justice”. The author notes that one of the reasons for the escalation of the conflict between Hungary and Ukraine has become the language issue. Still, however pity it is, all attempts of the Ukrainian side to resolve conflict matters have appeared to be vane, since Budapest is reluctant to listen to and consider any arguments of Kyiv, being fully distracted by its demand. It is hard to imagine that in civilized “old” Europe, Germany, for instance, would express claims or even threaten France for the fact that pupils in schools of the French region of Alsace (until 1918, its territory formed part of Germany that attempted to annex it at times of the Second World War) are taught in the official language – French, not in the language of the neighbouring country, even though the Alsatian and German languages are equally spoken there. Unfortunately, Hungary seems not to be ready to follow the example of the Franco-German reconciliation in terms of relations with all neighbours, despite the philosophy of its membership in the EU and NATO. The revenge-seeking attitudes of the Hungarian political establishment regarding the revision of borders according to the Versailles and Yalta systems of international relations are constantly boosted in all directions in the neighbouring countries, where ethnic Hungarians live (Romania, Slovakia, Serbia and Ukraine). The so-called “formula of protecting interests of Russian citizens in Crimea and Donbas” adopted from Putin has apparently laid the foundation for the foreign policy strategy of V. Orban. First, as regards the appeal to make the region of ethnic Hungarians’ residence autonomous and subsequently – the appeal to hold a referendum on separation. The author summarizes that along with the political and diplomatic efforts, a substantial role in easing the tension in relations with Budapest should be played by non-governmental organizations and the expert community though holding forums and scientific conferences aiming at discussing the above-mentioned issues. Keywords: Hungary, conflict, Law on Language, geopolitics, strategies, foreign policy, Ukraine.

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AlSalem, Huda S., Soha T. Al-Goul, Alejandro García-Miranda Ferrari, Dale A. C. Brownson, Luis Velarde, and Sven P. K. Koehler. "Correction: Imaging the reactivity and width of graphene's boundary region." Chemical Communications 57, no. 34 (2021): 4198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc90140k.

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Andimarjoko, Prihartomo. "Sustainable Perceived Authenticity in Cultural Tourism: Modeling Alsace and Bali." Academic Research Community publication 2, no. 2 (May 27, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/archive.v2i2.246.

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Cultural tourism roughly contributes to 40% of the international tourism arrivals. However, marketing for it is a dilemma between maximizing the economic return and nurturing the culture’s social functions because, in cultural tourism, a culture is a “product” to be “consumed”. Marketers need to attract the “correct” segments of cultural tourism, which have cultural motives as opposed to those of mass tourism. Research shows that attracting such segments can be done through a differentiation based on authenticity. However, in cultural tourism, authenticity is a relative and negotiable term. Perceived authenticity is more applicable than the traditional, objective authenticity. Previous research has been done to understand how authenticity is perceived by tourists but how it changes over a time remains elusive to researchers. This research focuses on the dynamics of perceived authenticity; how it changes over a time. A temporary, hypothetical model is proposed that is subject to a further seeking of variables and their relationships. The research is conducted in two stages: qualitative for building the model and quantitative for confirming it. Two cases will be built i.e. Alsace in France and Bali in Indonesia. The two regions will represent two different points on a spectrum. This research is a work in progress.

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Meistermann, Eric, Stéphanie Villaumé, Delphine Goffette, Corinne Trarieux, Morvan Coarer, Claudie Roulland, and Joëlle Dupont. "A Basidiomycete Fungus Responsible for Fresh Mushroom Off-Flavour in Wines: Crustomyces subabruptus, (Bourdot & Galzin) Jülich 1978." OENO One 55, no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.3.3004.

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Grape rot can cause organoleptic deviations in wines, including the aroma of fresh mushrooms; one of the molecules responsible for this is 1-octen-3-one. The bunches affected by this defect are often contaminated by Botrytis cinerea; however, they may also contain a whitish mycelium that cannot be attributed to B. cinerea. This additional fungal growth is the subject of this study. Several isolations of this fungus were carried out on grape bunches from different vineyards in the French Alsace and Champagne regions using a culture medium containing an anti-Botrytis fungicide (Boscalid). The sequencing of the ITS regions showed that most isolations corresponded to Crustomyces subabruptus (Bourdot & Galzin; Jülich 1978), an endophyte basidiomycete. Contamination tests carried out on bunches and grape juice with this fungus confirmed its responsibility for the appearance of fresh mushroom defects in wines, and showed that it has the capacity to produce large quantities of 1-octen-3-one in a wet and warm environment. The results of this study suggest that this basidiomycete is responsible for fresh mushroom aromas in wines.

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BOMKE, A. A., and L. E. LOWE. "FORAGE RESPONSE TO COPPER FERTILIZATION ON TWO BRITISH COLUMBIA CENTRAL INTERIOR SOILS." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 65, no. 3 (August 1, 1985): 457–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss85-049.

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Copper deficiencies have been reported in cattle in the Fort Fraser-Vanderhoof region of British Columbia and a subsequent forage Cu survey showed widespread low-Cu forages. A series of greenhouse pot studies was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Cu fertilization in increasing yields and Cu concentrations in crops grown on two soils, a Vanderhoof silty clay loam and Welch sandy loam. Copper concentrations in whole-plant barley, bromegrass and alsike clover were increased by Cu fertilization at rates of 2.5 and 10 μg∙g−1. However, yields were not affected. Copper application at 2.5 μg∙g−1 was sufficient to increase Cu concentrations in whole-plant barley and bromegrass above the 4 μg∙g−1 critical value for beef cattle. Alsike clover contained adequate Cu without Cu addition. DTPA Cu concentrations over 1.8 μg∙g−1 were required to produce bromegrass and whole-plant barley Cu concentrations in excess of 4 μg∙g−1. The Vanderhoof silty clay loam provided more available Cu at the 0 and 2.5 μg∙g−1 Cu application rates, but Cu fertilization at both rates increased Cu uptake over the 0 Cu treatments to a greater extent in the Welch sandy loam. Phosphorus fertilization at 25 μg∙g−1 increased whole-plant barley Cu concentrations slightly. Fertilization with Cu or increased use of legumes are possible approaches to the problem of Cu deficiencies in forage-based beef cattle production in this region. Key words: Bromegrass, alsike, whole-plant barley, DTPA Cu, Cu × P fertilization, beef forage system

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Sottini, Veronica Alampi, Elena Barbierato, Iacopo Bernetti, and Irene Capecchi. "Impact of Climate Change on Wine Tourism: An Approach through Social Media Data." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (July 5, 2021): 7489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137489.

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Wine tourism is one of the best opportunities for rural development, but because it is partially exposed to climatic conditions, it is a climate-vulnerable tourism activity. However, an understanding of the potential impacts of global climate change on this popular activity remains limited. This study proposes a new methodology that combines current daily gridded climate data from the E-OBS project with big spatiotemporal data from the Flickr photo-sharing platform through a generalized additive model This methodology was implemented to study the potential impacts on tourism flows due to climate change and to make predictions about the future using data from the CMIP5 project. We applied the methodology to 5 European wine tourism regions: Alsace (FR), Chianti (IT), La Rioja (SP), Langhe-Monferrato (IT), and Moselle (DE). Results show an increased probability of presence and increased deseasonalization of tourism in all study areas and an anticipation of peak presence from summer to spring in three of the five regions. We believe that these results can be useful for public and private stakeholders to adapt the offer of wine tourism services to changes in demand and to direct the organization of events such as festivals and thematic tours.

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Moine, Olivier, Denis-Didier Rousseau, Dominique Jolly, and Marc Vianey-Liaud. "Paleoclimatic Reconstruction Using Mutual Climatic Range on Terrestrial Mollusks." Quaternary Research 57, no. 1 (January 2002): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2001.2286.

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AbstractTerrestrial mollusks, easily identified in Quaternary sediments, represent a reliable tool for quantitative estimates of environmental parameters. Our study, comparing the species distribution with meteorological parameters in Europe, shows that mean temperature of the coldest month and annual thermal magnitude are the most important forcing parameters. This survey allows us to adapt the mutual climatic range (MCR) method to terrestrial mollusk assemblages following two main steps. A set of assemblages from different European regions (northern Norway to southern France) is used to apply the method to present-day mollusks. The reconstructed values describe the latitudinal temperature gradient prevailing over Europe. However, the comparison between the reconstructed and the measured values indicates a shift, similar to that observed, with the same method applied to beetle assemblages. Thus, estimates must be calculated after the reconstruction is tuned with the observations. The results from the modern mollusk assemblages indicate that the MCR method can be safely applied to reconstructing temperatures from terrestrial mollusk assemblages in any worldwide Quaternary sequence. A trial application is made on Late Pleistocene assemblages from Achenheim (Alsace, France).

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Lehman, Thomas M., Steven L. Wick, and Jonathan R. Wagner. "Hadrosaurian dinosaurs from the Maastrichtian Javelina Formation, Big Bend National Park, Texas." Journal of Paleontology 90, no. 2 (March 2016): 333–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.48.

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AbstractRare remains of hadrosaurian dinosaurs previously reported from the Maastrichtian Javelina Formation of West Texas had been attributed tentatively to either Edmontosaurus or Kritosaurus. Three recently recovered specimens include substantial skull parts and postcranial skeletal elements sufficient to recognize three distinct hadrosaurs. Two species are found in the lower part of the Javelina Formation; one of these is identified as Kritosaurus sp., confirming the earlier referral of specimens to this taxon. The most complete of these specimens combines features thought to be diagnostic of both K. navajovius Brown, 1910 and ‘Naashoibitosaurus’ ostromi Hunt and Lucas, 1993 and exhibits some unique attributes such that its specific identity remains uncertain. A second species, documented by a single specimen found near the base of the Javelina Formation, is inadequate to confidently identify but appears to represent a ‘solid-crested’ saurolophine with frontals having upturned processes along the midline, similar to those that brace the posterior side of the narial crest in Saurolophus. A third hadrosaur is represented at a bonebed in the uppermost part of the Javelina Formation. Its remains are sufficient to justify designation as a new species ?Gryposaurus alsatei. The skull roof elements are similar to those in species of Gryposaurus, and although no parts of the narial crest are preserved, the bordering elements indicate that ?G. alsatei was a ‘flat-headed’ saurolophine. Referral of ?G. alsatei to Gryposaurus would constitute a significant temporal range extension for the genus into late Maastrichtian time, and if correct, this long-lived lineage of hadrosaurs persisted nearly to the end of Cretaceous time in West Texas. ?G. alsatei was a contemporary of Edmontosaurus, the sole terminal Cretaceous hadrosaur in the northern Great Plains region, and neither possessed the ornate narial crest that characterized many earlier hadrosaurs.

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, Yunianta, Ben Li Zhang, Gérard J. Martin, Christian Asselin, and M. Schaeffer. "Characterization of the vine varieties by isotopic analyses." OENO One 29, no. 2 (June 30, 1995): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1995.29.2.1133.

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Several series of wines were prepared in standard conditions from well defined varieties (Cabernet-Sauvignon, Carignan, Chasselas, Chardonay, Grenache Noir, Riesling, Sauvignon, Syrah et Ugni Blanc) harvested in 1991 in three different regions of production in France (Alsace, Bordeaux and Languedoc). In order to study the influence of the year of production as well, the same varieties grown in Anjou were considered for three different periods of time : 1983, 1984 and 1988. The stable isotope composition of these wines was determined by 2H-NMR spectroscopy ((D/H)I and (D/H)II isotope ratios of ethanol) and by Mass Spectrometry for water (2H and 18O) and ethanol (13C). The variations observed for the wines of the different varieties are explained in terms of the climatic conditions (temperature, precipitation and insolation) which governed the regions of production during the vine vegetation cycles considered. It is shown that similar behaviour is observed for the 2H and 18O contents of the water of musts and wines but they differ from the Craig relationship existing in meteorological waters. The early vine varieties cultivated in the different regions considered give wines with a higher concentration in the heavy isotopes than the later varieties as far as the ethanol (D/H)I parameter is concerned.

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Bruez, Emilie, Philippe Larignon, Christophe Bertsch, Guillaume Robert-Siegwald, Marc-Henri Lebrun, Patrice Rey, and Florence Fontaine. "Impacts of Sodium Arsenite on Wood Microbiota of Esca-Diseased Grapevines." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 7 (June 22, 2021): 498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7070498.

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Although sodium arsenite was widely used in Europe until its ban in 2003, its effects on microorganisms is not clearly understood. To improve our understanding of sodium arsenite curative effect on GTDs, grapevines displaying esca-foliar symptoms from different French regions (Alsace, Champagne, Languedoc) were treated or not with sodium arsenite, and analyzed for their wood microbiota. Using metabarcoding, we identified the fungal and bacterial taxa composition of microbiota colonizing woody trunk tissues. Large differences in fungal microbiota composition between treated and untreated grapevines were observed while no major impacts were observed on bacteria microbiota. The main fungal species detected in untreated necrotic woody tissues was Fomitiporia mediterranea (63–94%), a fungal pathogen associated with esca. The relative abundance of this fungal species significantly decreased after sodium arsenite treatment in the three vineyards, in particular in white-rot necrotic tissues and their borders (−90%). F. mediterranea was the most sensitive to sodium arsenite among fungi from grapevine woody tissues. These results strongly suggest that the effect of sodium arsenite on GTDs is due to its ability to efficiently and almost specifically eliminate F. mediterranea from white-rot necrotic tissues, allowing saprobic fungi to colonize the tissues previously occupied by this pathogenic fungus.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Alsace region'

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