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Pérez, Carrasco Marcos. "Influenza A (H1N1)pdm 2009. Papel de la medicina intensiva durante la pandemia y post-pandemia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/378845.
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La pandemia por virus influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 se caracterizó por una afectación severa de la función respiratoria, por lo que numerosos pacientes requirieron ingreso en el Servicio de Medicina Intensiva (SMI) para su mantenimiento y soporte. Las terapias utilizadas incluyen los sistemas de oxigenación, diferentes modalidades ventilatorias no invasivas e invasivas. Lamentablemente, las modalidades invasivas se han relacionado con una evolución desfavorable, tanto por la mayor gravedad del paciente que las requiere, como por las complicaciones asociadas a su uso. Los nuevos sistemas de oxigenoterapia de alto flujo y las modalidades de ventilación no invasiva utilizados en pacientes críticos, se presentan como claras alternativas a los medios invasivos. Además, el papel desempeñado por la Medicina Intensiva tanto en la esfera terapéutica como epidemiológica durante y después de la pandemia no ha sido claramente evaluado hasta el momento actual.
Tales premisas han generado el planteamiento de esta Tesis que pretende analizar el papel de la Medicina Intensiva en el manejo no invasivo de la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda por infección por virus influenza A durante la pandemia y post-pandemia. Se incluyen tres estudios originales, presentados dos de ellos como publicaciones indexadas que dan respuesta a las cuestiones planteadas.
La experiencia adquirida con estas terapias durante la pandemia ha facilitado su generalización en el manejo del paciente durante los periodos de pandemia y post-pandemia. Además, ha permitido dar un paso adelante a la Medicina Intensiva en la precocidad del diagnóstico y manejo del paciente.
Los datos necesarios para su elaboración fueron obtenidos de dos fuentes. La primera fuente fue un registro voluntario reclutado por investigadores del Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas de la SEMICYUC, incluyendo pacientes con neumonía viral debido a infección por influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 ingresados en el SMI, estudiando el uso de la ventilación mecánica no invasiva (VMNI); a través de esta fuente, con los datos del Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron se realizó un análisis post hoc que valoraba la utilidad de la oxigenoterapia de alto flujo (OAF) en los pacientes ya seleccionados. La segunda fuente se generó tras el diseño de un estudio observacional prospectivo que evaluaba los pacientes con infección respiratoria aguda grave admitidos en el SMI del Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron en un período posterior a la pandemia (tres temporadas). De este modo nos permitió valorar las características virológicas, clínicas y actitudes terapéuticas durante la post-pandemia y compararlas con la pandemia. Todos los estudios se llevaron a cabo con la aprobación del Comité Ético del Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron.
Los principales resultados reflejaron que las terapias de OAF y VMNI son de utilidad en el manejo de la insuficiencia respiratoria aguda por virus influenza A pandémico; el retraso en iniciar la ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) tras fracasar las terapias no invasivas, no ensombreció el pronóstico final, probablemente debido a la precocidad en detectar el fallo terapéutico y la intubación no demorada en estos casos. Además, los datos clínicos y epidemiológicos facilitaron el diagnóstico y manejo precoz de los pacientes con infección por virus influenza durante la post-pandemia.Influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 infection was characterized by a severe impairment of respiratory function. Many patients required admission in the intensive care unit (ICU) for maintenance and support. Therapies as oxygenation systems, non-invasive and invasive ventilation were required. Unfortunately, invasive ventilation has been associated with an unfavourable evolution, hence the greater severity of the patient's needs, such as complications associated with its use. High flow oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation are modalities used in critically ill patients and a clear alternative to invasive ventilation. In addition, the role of Intensive Care in both therapeutic and epidemiological sphere during and after the pandemic has not been clearly evaluated to date. Those premises have generated the approach of this Thesis that analyzes the role of Intensive Care Medicine in the non-invasive management of acute respiratory failure due to influenza A infection during the pandemic and post-pandemic. Three original studies were included; two of them presented as indexed publications that respond to the issues raised. The experience with these therapies during the pandemic has facilitated its spread in patient management during periods of pandemic and post-pandemic. It has also enabled a step forward to the Intensive Care in early diagnosis and patient management. The data required for processing were obtained from two sources. The first source was a voluntary registry recruited by researchers of the Working Group on Infectious Diseases SEMICYUC, including patients with viral pneumonia due to influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 infection admitted to the ICU, analysing the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV); through this source, with data from the Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron a post hoc analysis that valued the usefulness of high-flow oxygen (OAF) was carried out. The second source was generated after the design of a prospective observational study-evaluating patients with severe acute respiratory infection admitted to the ICU of the Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron in post-pandemic (three-year) period. This allowed us to assess virological, clinical and therapeutic approaches for the post-pandemic and compare them with the pandemic. All studies were conducted with the approval of the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. The main results showed that the OAF and NIV therapies are useful in the management of acute respiratory failure due to pandemic influenza virus; the delay in initiating invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) after failing non-invasive therapies did not hinder the final prognosis, probably due to the precocity in detecting treatment failure and not delayed intubation in these cases. In addition, clinical and epidemiological data facilitated early diagnosis and management of patients with influenza virus infection during the post-pandemic.
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Rodrigues, Julia da Rosa Howat. "Projeto e construção de um simulador solar concentrador." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3150/tde-25082016-093701/.
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Segundo o Atlas Brasileiro de Energia Solar, apesar das diferentes características climáticas observadas no Brasil, pode-se constatar que a média anual de irradiação solar global apresenta boa uniformidade e elevados índices por todo o país. Os valores desta grandeza em quase toda a extensão do território brasileiro (4200-6700 Wh/m2/dia) são superiores aos da maioria dos países da União Europeia, como Alemanha (900-1250 Wh/m2/dia), França (900-1650 Wh/m2/dia) e Espanha (1200-1850 Wh/m2/dia), onde projetos para aproveitamento de energia solar, alguns contando com fortes incentivos governamentais, são amplamente disseminados. Grande parte dos avanços científicos obtidos nos estudos sobre aproveitamento da energia solar se deve à utilização de simuladores solares compactos nos experimentos de longa duração. Ao substituir o Sol por fontes artificiais, como lâmpadas capazes de emitir radiação próxima à solar, os simuladores eliminam a dependência de fatores naturais como condições climáticas, horário do dia, intermitência e movimento de direção da radiação solar. O projeto proposto para esta dissertação de Mestrado teve como objetivo o domínio do processo de concepção e fabricação de um simulador solar concentrador formado por lâmpadas e um refletor ótico. Uma vez dominada a técnica, um modelo piloto de simulador solar foi construído e alguns testes executados para avaliar a qualidade do projeto, a resistência dos componentes e o fator de concentração do aparato.According to the Brazilian Atlas of Solar Energy, despite the different climatic characteristics observed in Brazil, the annual average of global solar irradiation has good uniformity and high levels throughout the country. The values of global solar irradiation in almost the entire length of Brazil (4200-6700 Wh/m2/day) are higher than those observed in most European Union countries, like Germany (900-1250 Wh/m2/day), France (900-1650 Wh/m2/day) and Spain (1200-1850 Wh/m2/day), where projects for solar energy applications, some of them relying on strong government incentives, are widely disseminated. Several scientific and technological advances made in the study of solar energy applications are due to the use of compact solar simulators in long-term experiments. Replacing the Sun by artificial sources, such as arc lamps with radiation emission similar to the Sun spectrum, indoor simulators avoid the dependence on natural conditions such as the weather, the daytime, the sunlight intermittence and the directional change of the solar radiation. The project proposed for this dissertation aimed to master the design and manufacturing processes of a high-flux solar simulator consisting of arc lamps and an optical reflector. Once technique was understood, a solar simulation pilot model was built and some tests were performed to assess the project quality, the resistance of components and the apparatus concentration factor.
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Zhou, Sihai. "Processing and characterisation of MgB₂ superconductors." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20041111.135706/index.html.
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Marinaro, Damián. "A study into the effects of fission-fragment damage on activation energies in AG/B12223 tapes." Access electronically, 2003. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20040413.125335/index.html.
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Pitrun, Miroslav. "The effect of welding parameters on levels of diffusible hydrogen in weld metal deposited using gas shielded rutile flux cored wires." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050202.153920/index.html.
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Kularatne, Kottabogoda Angidigedera Samantha Rangajeewa. "Factors influencing sediment re-suspension and cross-shore suspended sediment flux in the frequency domain." University of Western Australia. School of Environmental Systems Engineering, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0005.
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[Truncated abstract] With rapidly increasing population densities along coastlines and rising global sea levels, coastal protection has become a major concern for coastal communities. Predicting sediment transport in nearshore regions, however, is one of the most challenging tasks faced by coastal researchers in designing coastal structures or beach nourishment schemes. Although nearshore sediment transport mainly occurs in the longshore direction, cross-shore sediment transport is crucial in determining the shoreline evolution and beach morphology . . . This study investigated the factors influencing sediment re-suspension and cross-shore suspended sediment flux in the frequency domain through a series of field measurements conducted at several different locations and a numerical model. Only oscillatory flow components were examined and the mean flow components were not considered. Although many different factors such as cross-shore location with respect to breaker line, significant wave height to water depth ratio (Hs/h), normalised horizontal velocity skewness (
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Styles, Julie Maree, and julie styles@oregonstate edu. "Inverse Modelling of Trace Gas Exchange at Canopy and Regional Scales." The Australian National University. Research School of Biological Sciences, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20030905.040030.
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This thesis deals with the estimation of plant-atmosphere trace gas exchange and isotopic discrimination from atmospheric concentration measurements. Two space scales were investigated: canopy and regional. The canopy-scale study combined a Lagrangian model of turbulent dispersal with ecophysiological principles to infer vertical profiles of fluxes of CO2, H2O and heat as well as carbon and oxygen isotope discrimination during CO2 assimilation, from concentration measurements within a forest. The regional-scale model used a convective boundary layer budget approach to infer average regional isotopic discrimination and fluxes of CO2 and sensible and latent heat from the evolution during the day of boundary layer height and mean concentrations of CO2 and H2O, temperature and carbon and oxygen isotope composition of CO2.
For the canopy study, concentrations of five scalar quantities, CO2, 13CO2, C18O16O, H2O and temperature, were measured at up to nine heights within and above a mixed fir and spruce forest in central Siberia over several days just after snow melt in May 2000. Eddy covariance measurements of CO2, H2O and heat fluxes were made above the canopy over the same period, providing independent verification of the model flux estimates. Photosynthesis, transpiration, heat exchange and isotope discrimination during CO2 assimilation were modelled for sun and shade leaves throughout the canopy through a combination of inversion of the concentration data and principles of biochemistry, plant physiology and energy balance.
In contrast to the more usual inverse modelling concept where fluxes are inferred directly from concentrations, in this study the inversion was used to predict unknown parameters within a process-based model of leaf gas and energy exchange. Parameters relating to photosynthetic capacity, stomatal conductance, radiation penetration and turbulence structure were optimised by the inversion to provide the best fit of modelled to measured concentration profiles of the five scalars. Model results showed that carbon isotope discrimination, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration were depressed due to the low temperatures experienced during snow melt, oxygen isotope discrimination was positive and consistent with other estimates, radiation penetrated further than simple theoretical predictions because of leaf clumping and penumbra, the turbulence coherence was lower than expected and stability effects were important in the morning and evening.
For the regional study, five flights were undertaken over two days in and above the convective boundary layer above a heterogeneous pine forest and bog region in central Siberia. Vertical profiles of CO2 and H2O concentrations, temperature and pressure were obtained during each flight. Air flask samples were taken at various heights for carbon and oxygen isotopic analysis of CO2. Two budget methods were used to estimate regional surface fluxes of CO2 and plant isotopic discrimination against 13CO2 and C18O16O, with the first method also used to infer regional sensible and latent heat fluxes. Flux estimates were compared to ground-based eddy covariance measurements. Model results showed that afternoon estimates for carbon and oxygen isotope discrimination were close to those expected from source water isotopic measurements and theory of isotope discrimination. Estimates for oxygen isotope discrimination for the morning period were considerably different and could be explained by contrasting influences of the two different ecosystem types and non-steady state evaporative enrichment of leaf water.
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Milliken, Damion Alexander. "Uranium doping of silver sheathed bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper-oxide superconducting tapes for increased critical current density through enhanced flux pinning." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20040810.154223/index.html.
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Zhao, Yongjun. "The cooling of a hot steel plate by an impinging water jet." Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060316.150622/index.html.
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Hoffmann, Madonna Bridget, and Madonna hoffman@dpi qld gov au. "Application of tree and stand allometrics to the determination of biomass and its flux in some north-east Australian woodlands." Central Queensland University. Biological and Environmental Sciences, 2007. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20070525.144254.
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This thesis examines the effects of species, rainfall and soil type on tree biomass
regressions, as well as the effects of stand dominance and structure on stand biomass
regressions in north-east Australian woodlands. This was achieved by examining tree
characteristics and biomass relationships for a series of woodland monitoring sites
throughout the study area. This study utilised a modified data set from this permanent
monitoring site network to provide structural attributes for trees and communities of
varying composition in the grazed woodlands. These data were supplemented with
environmental data and tree harvest data sets.
Initially, the research reported in this thesis developed allometric and stand biomass
regressions for Callitris glaucophylla communities. This research also demonstrated
that changes in tree-form were not reflected in changes in the environment, nor did
such changes reflect changes in tree biomass regressions for three eucalypt species.
As a result, a common regression provides a robust estimate of total aboveground
biomass of eucalypt trees in the study area. Thus expensive destructive harvesting
can generally be avoided for minor eucalypt species. Finally, this study demonstrated
a successful methodology that described the stand structure of all the grazed
woodland sites based on tree heights. This methodology was developed to allow the
expansion of a single stand regression to estimate stand biomass across the entire
north-east Australian woodlands.
The findings demonstrated in this study, combined with the long-term data from the
permanent monitoring network sites, should enhance the estimation of carbon flux
within eucalypt communities of north-east Australias grazed woodlands.
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Sabetraftar, Karim, and Karim Sabetraftar@anu edu au. "The hydrological flux of organic carbon at the catchment scale: a case study in the Cotter River catchment, Australia." The Australian National University. Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, 2005. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20070502.141450.
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Existing terrestrial carbon accounting models have mainly investigated atmosphere-vegetationsoil
stocks and fluxes but have largely ignored the hydrological flux of organic carbon. It is
generally assumed that biomass and soil carbon are the only relevant pools in a landscape
ecosystem. However, recent findings have suggested that significant amounts of organic carbon
can dissolve (dissolved organic carbon or DOC) or particulate (particulate organic carbon or
POC) in water and enter the hydrological flux at the catchment scale. A significant quantity of
total organic carbon (TOC) sequestered through photosynthesis may be exported from the
landscape through the hydrological flux and stored in downstream stocks.¶
This thesis presents a catchment-scale case study investigation into the export of organic carbon
through a river system in comparison with carbon that is produced by vegetation through
photosynthesis. The Cotter River Catchment was selected as the case study. It is a forested
catchment that experienced a major wildfire event in January 2003. The approach is based on an
integration of a number of models. The main input data were time series of in-stream carbon
measurements and remotely sensed vegetation greenness. The application of models to
investigate diffuse chemical substances has dramatically increased in the past few years because
of the significant role of hydrology in controlling ecosystem exchange. The research firstly
discusses the use of a hydrological simulation model (IHACRES) to analyse organic carbon
samples from stream and tributaries in the Cotter River Catchment case study. The IHACRES
rainfall-runoff model and a regionalization method are used to estimate stream-flow for the 75
sub-catchments. The simulated streamflow data were used to calculate organic carbon loads
from concentrations sampled at five locations in the catchment.¶
The gross primary productivity (GPP) of the vegetation cover in the catchment was estimated
using a radiation use efficiency (RUE) model driven by MODIS TERRA data on vegetation
greenness and modeled surface irradiance (RS). The relationship between total organic carbon
discharged in-stream and total carbon uptake by plants was assessed using a cross-correlation
analysis.¶
The IHACRES rainfall-runoff model was successfully calibrated at three gauged sites and
performed well. The results of the calibration procedure were used in the regionalization method
that enabled streamflow to be estimated at ungauged locations including the seven sampling
sites and the 75 sub-catchment areas. The IHACRES modelling approach was found appropriate
for investigating a wide range of issues related to the hydrological export of organic carbon at
the catchment scale. A weekly sampling program was implemented to provide estimates of
TOC, DOC and POC concentrations in the Cotter River Catchment between July 2003 and June
2004. The organic carbon load was estimated using an averaging method.¶
The rate of photosynthesis by vegetation (GPP) was successfully estimated using the radiation
use efficiency model to discern general patterns of vegetation productivity at sub-catchment
scales. This analysis required detailed spatial resolution of the GPP across the entire catchment
area (comprising 75 sub-catchment areas) in addition to the sampling locations. Important
factors that varied at the catchment scale during the sampling period July 2003 June 2004,
particularly the wildfire impacts, were also considered in this assessment.
¶
The results of the hydrologic modelling approach and terrestrial GPP outcome were compared
using cross correlation and regression analysis. This comparison revealed the likely proportion
of catchment GPP that contributes to in-stream hydrological flux of organic carbon. TOC Load
was 0.45% of GPP and 22.5 - 25% of litter layer. As a result of this investigation and giving due
consideration to the uncertainties in the approach, it can be concluded that the hydrological flux
of organic carbon in a forested catchment is a function of gross primary productivity.
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Sabetraftar, Karim. "The hydrological flux of organic carbon at the catchment scale : a case study in the Cotter River Catchment, Australia /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2005. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20070502.141450/index.html.
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Ekanayake, Gemunu. "Determination of Stellar Parameters through the Use of All Available Flux Data and Model Spectral Energy Distributions." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/physastron_etds/44.
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Basic stellar atmospheric parameters, such as effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity plays a vital role in the characterization of various stellar populations in the Milky Way. The Stellar parameters can be measured by adopting one or more observational techniques, such as spectroscopy, photometry, interferometry, etc. Finding new and innovative ways to combine these observational data to derive reliable stellar parameters and to use them to characterize some of the stellar populations in our galaxy is the main goal of this thesis.
Our initial work, based on the spectroscopic and photometric data available in literature, had the objective of calibrating the stellar parameters from a range of available flux observations from far-UV to far-IR. Much effort has been made to estimate probability distributions of the stellar parameters using Bayesian inference, rather than point estimates.
We applied these techniques to blue straggler stars (BSSs) in the galactic field, which are thought to be a product of mass transfer mechanism associated with binary stars. Using photometry available in SDSS and GALEX surveys we identified 85 stars with UV excess in their spectral energy distribution (SED) : indication of a hot white dwarf companion to BSS. To determine the parameter distributions (mass, temperature and age) of the WD companions, we developed algorithms that could fit binary model atmospheres to the observed SED. The WD mass distribution peaks at 0.4M , suggests the primary formation channel of field BSSs is Case-B mass transfer, i.e. when the donor star is in red giant phase of its evolution. Based on stellar evolutionary models, we estimate the lower limit of binary mass transfer efficiency β ~ 0.5.
Next, we have focused on the Canis Major overdensity (CMO), a substructure located at low galactic latitude in the Milky Way, where the interstellar reddening (E(B-V )) due to dust is significantly high. In this study we estimated the reddening, metallicity distribution and kinematics of the CMO using a sample of red clump (RC) stars. The averageE(B-V)(~0.19)is consistent with that measured from Schlegel maps (Schlegal et.al. 1998). The overall metallicity and kinematic distribution is in agreement with the previous estimates of the disk stars. But the measured mean alpha element abundance is relatively larger with respect to the expected value for disk stars.
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Hoffmann, Sabrina. "Minimale Flussmoden als theoretisches Konzept für die funktionelle Analyse und modulare Beschreibung zellulärer Stoffwechselnetzwerke." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16444.
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Der Stoffwechsel der Zelle besteht aus chemischen Reaktionen und Transportprozessen, deren Umsatzraten (Stoffflüsse) das Ergebnis genetischer, translationaler und metabolischer Kontrolle sind. Stoffflüsse erlauben daher wertvolle Einblicke in das interne Zellgeschehen, sind jedoch -- wenn überhaupt -- nur unter großem Aufwand experimentell bestimmbar. Ihre Vorhersage mittels mathematischer Modelle ist ebenfalls komplex; vereinfachend wird angenommen, der Stoffwechsel unterliege einer optimalen Regulation, wobei Optimalität vielfältig interpretiert wird. Die in dieser Arbeit entwickelte Methode zur Flussvorhersage basiert auf der Annahme, dass sich die Synthesewege wichtiger Metabolite im Laufe der Evolution optimiert haben und unabhängig voneinander reguliert werden. Dies ermöglicht den Organismen: 1. sich einer variierenden Umgebung schnell anzupassen und 2. Störungen und Schäden auf kleinere Teilsysteme (Module) zu begrenzen. Kern der Methode ist die Vorhersage optimaler Synthese-Module: stationärer Flusszustände, die jeweils nur einen Metaboliten synthetisieren und dabei eine vorgegebene Zielfunktion minimieren oder maximieren. Diese minimalen Flussmoden (\textit{MinModen}) sind schnell und ohne Kenntnis enzymspezifischer Parameter zu berechnen, womit sie sich auch zur systematischen Überprüfung der Synthesekapazität großer Netzwerke eignen. Durch lineare Kombination der MinModen kann das Flussgeschehen komplexer Stoffwechselleistungen abgebildet werden. Hinsichtlich verfügbarer experimenteller Daten ist die Qualität der so gewonnenen Flussvorhersagen vergleichbar mit bisherigen Konzepten, und das, obwohl die Kombination optimaler Synthesen ein suboptimales Gesamtflussgeschehen ergibt. Vorteil der MinModen-Methode ist die flexible Integration zusätzlich verfügbarer Daten. So können beispielsweise durch Berücksichtigung Freier Gibbs-Energien und recherchierter Metabolitkonzentrationsbereiche thermodynamisch zulässige Flusszustände vorhergesagt werden.The metabolism of a cell consists of chemical transformations and transport processes. Their rates (fluxes) are the result of genetic, translational and metabolic control and therefore carry valuable information about the internal state of a cell. However, metabolic fluxes are hard to determine by experiment and are therefore subject of mathematical prediction methods. In this work, a conceptually new method for the prediction of fluxes in large scale metabolic networks is developed. The method is based on the assumption of optimally evolved synthesis pathways that are regulated independently of each other. This enables organisms: (i) to quickly adapt to a varying and complex environment and (ii) to modularly organize its metabolism in order to restrict internal disturbances and damage to smaller subsystems. The core of this method is the prediction of optimal ``synthesis-modules'''': stationary flux modes, each of which synthesizes a single metabolite while minimizing or maximizing a so-called objective function. These so-called minimal flux modes (MinModes) are rapidly calculable without knowledge of enzyme kinetics. As such they are suited for the determination of the synthesis capacity and the set of blocked reactions of large networks. Linearly combined, they allow for the representation of complex metabolic tasks. In contrast to previous approaches that optimize for the concerted accomplishment of complex metabolic tasks (e.g. biomass formation), optimizing single syntheses results in a rather suboptimal total network flux. However, with respect to available experimental data the prediction quality is comparable to previous (FBA) approaches. As major benefit, the method relies on a flexible structure that allows for the integration of diverse experimentally observed data. Here, incorporating free Gibbs-energy and metabolite concentration values enabled the prediction of thermodynamically feasible flux modes without prior restriction of flux directions.
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Twose, Megan Frances, and n/a. "Studies of Phormium tenax fibre prepared in the traditional Maori manner." University of Otago. Department of Clothing and Textile Sciences, 1988. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070619.110247.
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Museum textiles provide priceless documentation of the activities of people throughout time. They record human interests and serve as resources for students of many disciplines. In New Zealand there are artefacts made from Phormium tenax which are extremely important in terms of providing a record of early New Zealand life and links to our past as both artistic and cultural symbols: they present an insight into the many faceted nature of early Maori culture. However there are some which are clearly in need of preservative treatment. Others may need care in the future for inevitably they are, or will be, subject to degradation during storage, when on display and during cleaning and refurbishing. Conservators, who embark occasionally on restorative treatments designed to reverse or arrest the symptoms of degradation, have begun to address the causes and future fundamental affects of their procedures. However there have been few scientific studies of the properties of the fibres and, therefore, there is little information to help the conservators in their tasks.
This study has a twofold purpose. The first aim is to provide a short survey of the literature on Phormium and relate it to other lignocellulosic fibres. The emphasis in the survey is to put the conservation problem in context and to point to those technical articles which may be relevant to someone dealing with ancient materials. Secondly there is a practical study of the impact of heating the fibres in the absence and presence of oxygen and in water. These two agencies are ones which are directly relevant to the conservator.
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Chen, Xi Lin. "Régulation de l'apoptose des lymphocytes T par GIMAP5 (GTPase of Immune Associated Nucleotide Binding Protein 5)." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7593.
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Abstract : Long-term survival of T lymphocytes in a quiescent state is essential to maintain their cell numbers in secondary lymphoid organs. Interaction of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) with self-peptide/MHC synergizes with IL-7-induced anti-apoptotic signals to promote T cell survival. These extrinsic stimuli are also implicated in T cell metabolism and survival by regulating several signaling pathways including the phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. In mice and in rats, loss of functional GTPase of the immune associated nucleotide binding protein 5 (GIMAP5) causes peripheral T lymphopenia due to spontaneous death of T cells. The underlying mechanisms responsible for the pro-survival function of GIMAP5 in T lymphocytes remain largely unknown. Previous work from my laboratory has shown that T cells from GIMAP5-deficient rats show reduced influx of calcium (Ca[superscript 2+]) from the extracellular milieu following stimulation of the TCR complex. In this thesis, I characterized the mechanism by which GIMAP5 regulates Ca[superscript 2+] homeostasis, and elucidated the signaling pathways modulated by GIMAP5 to facilitate the survival of T cells. Firstly, I investigated if GIMAP5 prevents apoptotic death of T lymphocytes by affecting the Ca[superscript 2+] buffering capacity of mitochondria, which is required for sustained Ca[superscript 2+] influx via the plasma membrane channels. I observed that mitochondrial Ca[superscript 2+] accumulation following capacitative Ca[superscript 2+] entry is defective in T cells from Gimap5 deficient rats. Disruption of microtubules, but not the actin cytoskeleton, abrogated Ca[superscript 2+] sequestration by mitochondria in T cells from control but not Gimap5 deficient mice. Similarly, mice lacking functional GIMAP5 displayed defective T cell development and Ca[superscript 2+] influx. Furthermore, I observed that the proximal signaling events following TCR stimulation was reduced and was accompanied by defective proliferation in T cells from Gimap5 deficient mice. Additionally, IL-7-induced STAT5 phosphorylation was decreased in CD4[superscript +] T cells from Gimap5 deficient mice. I also showed that loss of functional Gimap5 results in increased basal activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), independent of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Instead, the constitutive activation the PI3K pathway contributed to the spontaneous high mTOR activation. Collectively, my observations suggest that the pro-survival function of GIMAP5 in T-lymphocytes may be linked to the regulation of diverse signaling pathways in a context dependent manner. GIMAP5 also facilitates microtubule-dependent mitochondrial buffering of Ca[superscript 2+] following capacitative entry. GIMAP5 is required to integrate the survival signals generated following activation through TCR and IL-7R.Résumé : La survie à long terme des lymphocytes T en état de repos est essentielle pour maintenir leurs nombres dans les organes lymphoïdes secondaires. Le récepteur antigénique des cellules T (TCR) en contact avec les peptides du soi / CMH et en synergie avec l'IL-7 induit des signaux anti-apoptotiques pour favoriser la survie des cellules T. Ces stimuli extrinsèques sont également impliqués dans le métabolisme et la survie des cellules T grâce à la régulation de plusieurs voies de signalisation dont la voie phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) /AKT. Chez la souris et chez le rat, la perte de l’activité de GIMAP5 (GTPase of Immune Associated Nucleotide Binding Protein 5), provoque une lymphopénie T périphérique en raison de la mort spontanée des cellules T. Le mécanisme sous-jacent responsable de la fonction de survie de GIMAP5 dans les lymphocytes T reste largement inconnu. Nous avons observé que les cellules de rats déficients en GIMAP5, après stimulation par complexe TCR, montrent un afflux de calcium (Ca[indice supérieur 2+]) réduit provenant du milieu extracellulaire. Dans cette thèse, J’ai caractérisé le mécanisme d’action de GIMAP5 dans la régulation de l'homéostasie du Ca[indice supérieur 2+], ainsi que les voies de signalisation modulées par GIMAP5 pour faciliter la survie des cellules T. Tout d'abord, j’ai étudié si GIMAP5 empêche l’apoptose des lymphocytes T en affectant la capacité des mitochondries à réguler la concentration du Ca[indice supérieur 2+], ce qui est nécessaire pour soutenir l’influx de Ca[indice supérieur 2+]. J’ai trouvé que l’accumulation du Ca[indice supérieur 2+] mitochondrial après l’entrée capacitive de Ca[indice supérieur 2+] est défectueuse dans les cellules T de rat déficientes en Gimap5. La disruption des microtubules, mais pas du cytosquelette d'actine, abroge la séquestration du Ca[indice supérieur 2+] mitochondrial dans les cellules T primaires de rat, mais pas dans les cellules T déficientes en Gimap5. J’ai observé que les cellules T provenant de souris déficientes en Gimap5 démontrent une diminution de l’entrée de Ca[indice supérieur 2+]. De plus, la prolifération des cellules T déficientes en Gimap5 est diminuée suite à la stimulation du TCR. En outre, la phosphorylation de STAT5 induit par l'IL-7 est diminuée dans les cellules T CD4[indice supérieur +] de souris déficientes en Gimap5. Également, la perte de Gimap5 aboutit à une activation accrue de la cible mammalienne de la rapamycine (mTOR), indépendamment de la protéine phosphatase 2A (PP2A) ou de la protéine kinase activée par l'AMP (AMPK). Au lieu de cela, l'activation constitutive de la voie PI3K contribue à une forte activation spontanée de mTOR. Collectivement, la fonction de survie de GIMAP5 dans les lymphocytes T peut être liée à la régulation de différentes voies de signalisation. GIMAP5 facilite la fonction, microtubule dépendant, des mitochondries dans leurs actions de régulation du Ca[indice supérieur 2+] après l’entrée capacitive de Ca[indice supérieur 2+]. GIMAP5 est nécessaire pour intégrer les signaux de survie produits suite à l'activation du TCR et de l’IL-7R, qui pourrait être associée à la régulation de l'activité PI3K / AKT / mTOR.
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Cruthers, Natasha Marie, and n/a. "Textile fibre from six cultivars of harakeke (Phormium tenax)." University of Otago. Department of Clothing and Textile Sciences, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070501.135549.
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The object of this study was to identify microscopic differences among six selected cultivars of harakeke traditionally used by Maori in weaving. The cultivars were Arawa, Makaweroa, Paretaniwha, Takaiapu, Takirikau, and Tapamangu.
The effectiveness of different microscopy techniques for taking measurements of the dimensions of ultimate fibres using a factorial experimental design was investigated in part A. Constant variables were geographical location, location of specimens along the leaf, season (winter), individual plant, fan, north-facing fan, and age of plant (approximately seven years), and cultivars (Paretaniwha and Tapamangu). Experimental variables were the microscopy techniques used and measurement axis.
Techniques selected use on further cultivars in part B were transverse sections of leaf specimens 4 m thick, embedded in Paraplast� and observed using LM, and non-fixed ultimate fibres observed using SEM.
In part B the dimensions of ultimate fibres from the six selected cultivars of harakeke were measured, and analysed (ANOVA and Tukey's HSD), and the transverse section shapes of fibre aggregates were observed. Transverse widths of ultimate fibres ranged from 10.15 m (Takaipu) -12.80 m (Paretaniwha). Ultimate fibre lengths ranged from 3735 m (Takirikau) - 4751 m (Makaweroa). The cultivars prizes for muka, Arawa and Makaweroa, had the longest and finest ultimate fibre bundles more uniform in transverse-sectional shape than the other cultivars studied and perhaps this explains their selection for extraction of muka. Takirikau had a high yield of ultimate fibre bundles, and perhaps this makes extraction of muka worthwhile. Paretaniwha differed from the other five cultivars studied having an average number of ultimate fibre bundles per unit width that were narrow and non-uniform in shape, and composed of short, thick, ultimate fibre cells.
The microscopic structure of muka from six selected cultivars of harakeke used traditionally for weaving varied and may explain differences perceived by weavers, and that different end uses are preferred for various cultivars.
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Marti, Clelia Luisa. "Exchange processes between littoral and pelagic waters in a stratified lake." University of Western Australia. Centre for Water Research, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0005.
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[Truncated abstract] The lake boundaries are an important source of sediment, nutrients and chemicals. For life inside the lake, the exchange between the lake boundaries (littoral) and lake interior (pelagic) is of central importance to Limnology as the net flux of nutrients into the water column is both the driving force and limiting factor for most algae blooms found during the stratification period. Consequently, the understanding of the relevant processes defining such an exchange is a further step toward a sound basis for future decisions by lake managers in order to ensure high water quality. The objective of this research was to investigate the physical processes responsible for the exchange of water and particles between the lake boundaries and the lake interior. An integrated approach using field experiments and 3D modelling as applied to Lake Kinneret (Israel) is presented. The field data revealed large-scale metalimnion oscillations with amplitudes up to 10 m in response to westerly diurnal winds, the existence of a well-defined suspended particle intrusion into the metalimnion of the lake, characterized by high concentrations of organic matter, and a well-mixed benthic boundary layer (BBL). The changes in the thermal structure explained the observed vertical and horizontal movements of the suspended particle intrusion. The horizontal advective transport via the metalimnion, associated with the velocities induced by the basin-scale mode-two Poincare wave, controlled the exchange between the lake boundaries and lake interior on daily time scales. The observed BBL over the lake slope varied markedly with time and space. Detailed comparison of simulation results with field data revealed that the model captured the lake hydrodynamics for time scales from hours to days. The model could then be used to extract the residual motions in the various regions of the lake. The residual motions below the surface layer were predominantly forced by the basin-scale internal wave motions, but the residual motion in the surface layer was found to be very sensitive to the curl of the wind field. The residual circulation was responsible for redistributing mass throughout the lake basin on time scales from days to weeks. A clear connection of dynamics of the BBL with the large-scale features of the flow was addressed. The time history of the mixing in the BBL and the resulting cross-shore flux was shown to vary with the phase of the basin-scale internal waves.
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Courtney, Steven. "Investigating school leadership at a time of system diversity, competition and flux." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-school-leadership-at-a-time-of-system-diversity-competition-and-flux(c3c52eb8-8bfb-4a16-b54b-f401b42939b8).html.
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This dissertation reports on a qualitative study of school leadership with nine secondary-school headteachers (of maintained schools) or principals (of academy-type schools) in England. The project maps schooling provision and offers an empirical account of leaders’ identities and practices in neoliberal and neoconservative times. Informed by a critical policy-scholarship methodology, documentary data from primary and secondary sources supplement narrative and semi-structured interviews conducted over 18 months. The findings are reported in five journal articles and one book chapter. The first output maps school types through different lenses: legal status; curriculum; selection; types of academy; and school groupings. The mapping highlights the intersections between the reform agenda and historical diversity. I conceptualise the landscape holistically through locus of legitimacy and branding, arguing that diversification policies facilitate corporatised and religious interests. Second, I show how UTCs and studio schools construct children’s abilities as fixed and differentiable in terms of predicted economic value. They select, but the responsibility for this, following Bourdieu, is transferred discursively from the school through branding and habitus to the “consumers” where it is to be misrecognised as exercising ‘school choice’. Third, I typologise three effects on heads’ and principals’ agency and identities of a few elite multi-academy trust principals, or courtiers, who have won regional empires through expanding their academy chains to occupy the spaces opened up by the dismantling of LAs. Public-sector and school-leader identities and histories permit the promotion of their activities as “school led” and downplays their close relationship with central-state policy makers and private-sector networks. Fourth, I argue that corporatised leadership in schools in England is being promoted through new actors and new types of school. Corporatised leadership is characterised inter alia by the promotion of business interests and the adoption of business-derived leadership practices and identities. I use Bourdieu’s concept of field to explain the impact of business on educational leadership and the dissonance between leaders and led. Fifth, I argue with Gunter that school leaders are removing those who embody or vocalise alternative conceptualisations of educator by eradicating ‘inadequate’ teaching,and implementing the leader’s ‘vision’. We deploy Arendtian thinking to show how current models of school leadership enable totalitarian practices to become ordinary. Sixth, I develop Bourdieu’s concept of hysteresis through narratives from two heads to argue that rather than simply being an effect of change, hysteresis may be an actively sought outcome whereby the state intervenes to deprivilege welfarist headteachers and privilege corporatised principals through structurally facilitating their habitus and mandating its dispositions for the field. Collectively, these findings demonstrate how the diversification of provision in England and the demands of a performative, marketised regime have ontological and professional stakes for school leaders and for the led. Symbolic and economic capital is accruing to the capitalised, facilitated by corporate practices and corporate structural solutions through acquisitions and alliances. Resistance is possible, but a dissident habitus limits standing in the field. This hierarchisation is reflected in the relationship between school types and in how children are meant to self-select into that provision. This is a landscape constituted of positions, where pupils are expected to know their place and the purpose of education is to facilitate social segregation for economic efficiency.
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Domingues, Catia Motta, and Catia Domingues@csiro au. "Kinematics and Heat Budget of the Leeuwin Current." Flinders University. SOCPES, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20060612.211358.
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This study investigates the upper ocean circulation along the west Australian coast, based
on recent observations (WOCE ICM6, 1994/96) and numerical output from the 1/6 degree Parallel Ocean
Program model (POP11B 1993/97). Particularly, we identify the source regions of the Leeuwin
Current, quantify its mean and seasonal variability in terms of volume, heat and salt transports,
and examine its heat balance (cooling mechanism). This also leads to further understanding of the
regional circulation associated with the Leeuwin Undercurrent, the Eastern Gyral Current and the
southeast Indian Subtropical Gyre.
The tropical and subtropical sources of the Leeuwin Current are understood from an
online numerical particle tracking. Some of the new findings are the Tropical Indian Ocean source
of the Leeuwin Current (in addition to the Indonesian Throughflow/Pacific); the Eastern Gyral
Current as a recirculation of the South Equatorial Current; the subtropical source of the Leeuwin
Current fed by relatively narrow subsurface-intensified eastward jets in the Subtropical Gyre, which
are also a major source for the Subtropical Water (salinity maximum) as observed in the Leeuwin
Undercurrent along the ICM6 section at 22 degrees S.
The ICM6 current meter array reveals a rich vertical current structure near North West
Cape (22 degrees S). The coastal part of the Leeuwin Current has dominant synoptic variability and
occasionally contains large spikes in its transport time series arising from the passage of tropical
cyclones. On the mean, it is weaker and shallower compared to further downstream, and it only
transports Tropical Water, of a variable content. The Leeuwin Undercurrent carries Subtropical
Water, South Indian Central Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water equatorward between
150/250 to 500/750 m. There is a poleward flow just below the undercurrent which advects a
mixed Intermediate Water, partially associated with outflows from the Red Sea and Persian Gulf.
Narrow bottom-intensified currents are also observed.
The 5-year mean model Leeuwin Current is a year-round poleward flow between 22 degrees S and
34 degrees S. It progressively deepens, from 150 to 300 m depth. Latitudinal variations in its volume
transport are a response to lateral inflows/outflows. It has double the transport at 34 degrees S (-2.2 Sv)
compared to at 22 degrees S (-1.2 Sv). These model estimates, however, may underestimate the transport
of the Leeuwin Current by 50%. Along its path, the current becomes cooler (6 degrees C), saltier (0.6 psu)
and denser (2 kg m -3). At seasonal scales, a stronger poleward flow in May-June advects the
warmest and freshest waters along the west Australian coast. This advection is apparently spun up
by the arrival of a poleward Kelvin wave in April, and reinforced by a minimum in the equatorward
wind stress during July.
In the model heat balance, the Leeuwin Current is significantly cooled by the eddy heat
flux divergence (4 degrees C out of 6 degrees C), associated with mechanisms operating at submonthly time scales.
However, exactly which mechanisms it is not yet clear. Air-sea fluxes only account for ~30% of the
cooling and seasonal rectification is negligible. The eddy heat divergence, originating over a narrow
region along the outer edge of the Leeuwin Current, is responsible for a considerable warming of a
vast area of the adjacent ocean interior, which is then associated with strong heat losses to the
atmosphere. The model westward eddy heat flux estimates are considerably larger than those
associated with long lived warm core eddies detaching from the Leeuwin Current and moving
offshore. This suggests that these mesoscale features are not the main mechanism responsible for
the cooling of the Leeuwin Current. We suspect instead that short lived warm core eddies might
play an important role.
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Woithe, Gabriele. "Das Kunstwerk als Lebensgeschichte zur autobiographischen Dimension bildender Kunst." Berlin Logos-Verl, 2007. http://d-nb.info/991379152/04.
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Guo, Kunmei. "Functional assessment of the role of cyclic nucleotide-gates channel (CNGC10) and salt overly sensitive (SOS1) antiporter in salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0063.
Full textAbstract:
Control of intracellular ion homeostasis is pivotal to plant salt tolerance. Plants have developed a number of mechanisms to keep ions at appropriate concentrations. Both transporters and channels on the plasma membrane play important roles in this function. Plant cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) in the plasma membrane are non-selective monovalent and divalent cation channels. So far, most studies on plant CNGCs have been conducted on heterologous systems. In planta, reverse genetic studies revealed the role of different CNGCs in cation uptake, transport and homeostasis. However, there is little information available about the functional characteristics of plant CNGCs. Among the 20 members of this protein family in Arabidopsis, only AtCNGC2 has been functionally identified as an ion channel; therefore, more functional characterization needs to be done on other members of this protein family. Several CNGCs were suggested to be involved in K+, Ca2+ and Na+ uptake and transport, but available information is scarce. This study investigated the relationship between CNGC10 and ion transport in Arabidopsis, with a particular emphasis on the involvement of CNGC10 in salt tolerance. Arabidopsis thaliana wild type (WT) and two AtCNGC10 antisense lines (A2 and A3) were used to characterise the impact of different level of salt stress on (i) root growth, ion concentration in tissues, ion fluxes across the root surface and intracellular ion concentration and pH at the seedling stage, and (ii) photosynthesis and ion concentration in tissues at the flowering stage. Plants of both antisense lines had higher K+ and lower Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations in shoots than WT plants when grown in non-salt control 1/4 Hoagland solution. Altered K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ internal concentrations in AtCNGC10 antisense lines compared with WT plants under non-salt conditions indicated disturbed long distance ion transport, especially xylem loading/retrieval and/or phloem loading. The results of ion fluxes across the root surface also suggested that AtCNGC10 might be involved in transport of K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in tissue. Under sudden salt exposure, higher Na+ efflux and smaller K+ efflux in both antisense lines suggested that AtCNGC10 channels are involved in Na+ and K+ transport. The shoots of AtCNGC10 antisense lines A2 and A3 contained higher Na+ concentrations and significantly higher Na+/K+ ratios compared to WT, resulting in impaired photosynthesis and increased salt sensitivity in A2 and A3 than in WT plants. In contrast, seedlings of both antisense lines exposed to salt stress had lower shoot Na+/K+ ratios and longer roots than WT seedlings, indicating that A2 and A3 were more salt-tolerant than WT in the seedling stage, likely because growth is less dependent on photosynthesis in the seedling than in the flowering stage. These results suggested CNGC gene might play a different role during different developmental stages and in various plant organs.
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Tang, Guang-ming. "Studies on Datapath Circuits for Superconductor Bit-Slice Microprocessors." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/217208.
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Süß, Daniel. "Konzeption und Realisierung einer webbasierten Applikation für Reisebuchungen als modularer Bestandteil eines komplexen Busreiseverwaltungssystems." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-24118.
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Schnabel, Jutta [Verfasser], Uli [Akademischer Betreuer] Katz, Uli [Gutachter] Katz, and Thomas [Gutachter] Eberl. "Search for a cosmic neutrino flux from all neutrino flavours with ANTARES / Jutta Schnabel ; Gutachter: Uli Katz, Thomas Eberl ; Betreuer: Uli Katz." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188466852/34.
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Silva, Bruno de Abreu. "Gerenciamento de tags na arquitetura ChipCflow - uma máquina a fluxo de dados dinâmica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-17052011-085128/.
Full textAbstract:
Nos últimos anos, percebeu-se uma crescente busca por softwares e arquiteturas alternativas. Essa busca acontece porque houve avanços na tecnologia do hardware e estes avanços devem ser complementados por inovações nas metodologias de projetos, testes e verificação para que haja um uso eficaz da tecnologia. Muitos dos softwares e arquiteturas alternativas, geralmente partem para modelos que exploram o paralelismo das aplicações, ao contrário do modelo de von Neumann. Dentre as arquiteturas alternativas de alto desempenho, tem-se a arquitetura a fluxo de dados. Nesse tipo de arquitetura, o processo de execução de programas é determinado pela disponibilidade dos dados. Logo, o paralelismo está embutido na própria natureza do sistema. O modelo a fluxo de dados possui a vantagem de expressar o paralelismo de maneira intrínseca, eliminando a necessidade de o programador explicitar em seu código os trechos onde deve haver paralelismo. As arquiteturas a fluxo de dados voltaram a ser um tema de pesquisa devido aos avanços do hardware, em particular, os avanços da Computação Reconfigurável e os FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays). O projeto ChipCflow é uma ferramenta para execução de algoritmos usando o modelo a fluxo de dados dinâmico em FPGA. Este trabalho apresenta o formato para os tagged-tokens do ChipCflow, os operadores de manipulação das tags dos tokens e suas implementações a fim de que se tenha a PROVA-DE-CONCEITOS para tais operadores na arquitetura ChipCflowThe alternative architectures and softwares researches have been growing in the last years. These researches are happening due to the advance of hardware technology and such advances must be complemented by improvements on design methodologies, test and verification techniques in order to use technology effectively. Many of the alternative architectures and softwares, in general, explore the parallelism of applications, differently to von Neumann model. Among high performance alternative architectures, there is the Dataflow Architecture. In this kind of architecture, the execution of programs is determined by data availability, thus the parallelism is intrinsic in these systems. The dataflow architectures become again a highlighted research area due to hardware advances, in particular, the advances of Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays). ChipCflow project is a tool for execution of algorithms using dynamic dataflow graph in FPGA. The main goal in this module of the ChipCflow project is to define the tagged-token format, the iterative operators that will manipulate the tags of tokens and to implement them
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SADLER, HEIDI D. "DISASTER'S WAKE: THE ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE IN TRAUMA RECOVERY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1082909131.
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Koch, Lars. "Der Erste Weltkrieg als Medium der Gegenmoderne zu den Werken von Walter Flex und Ernst Jünger." Würzburg Königshausen und Neumann, 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2756631&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Süß, Daniel. "Konzeption und Realisierung einer webbasierten Applikation fürReisebuchungen als modularer Bestandteil eines komplexenBusreiseverwaltungssystems." Master's thesis, Berufsakademie Glauchau, 2009. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A584.
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Tang, Qi. "Investigation of magnetic properties of electrical steel and transformer core at high flux densities." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigation-of-magnetic-properties-of-electrical-steel-and-transformer-core-at-high-flux-densities(d80aad50-e554-4cf0-86b5-07aa50c2f973).html.
Full textAbstract:
In a power transformer, the electrical steel core serves as a low reluctance path for the main magnetic flux linking primary and secondary windings. It is also one of the most costly components, whose properties are vital to design an efficient and reliable transformer. Normally, power transformers are predominantly operated within the linear portion of the core steel’s magnetisation curve with the maximum flux density limited at a certain value in the knee area. Nowadays, more technical challenges from the core saturation are raised, which are caused by the geomagnetically induced currents or the normal operation of Quadrature Boosters. The substantial power losses generated at such high flux densities can lead to the core overheating and consequential thermal degradation of the surrounding insulation, and even transformer failure. The characteristics of transformer core in deep saturation, however, are not readily available from measurements, and neither are the current IEC standards applicable above 1.8 Tesla for the measurement of magnetic properties of electrical steels owing to measurement difficulties, such as magnetic flux waveform stabilization. The simulation studies often need to extrapolate the steel’s magnetisation curve to high flux densities, which brings uncertainties to the results. In addition, the industry has often adopted a conservative transformer core design due to the insufficient knowledge of core loss and temperature rise under the extreme scenario. In order to fill the knowledge gap of electrical steels and transformer cores at high flux densities, this thesis uses an improved single strip test bench developed at Wolfson Centre for Magnetics to measure the magnetic properties of modern grain- oriented electrical steels up to 2.0 T under AC magnetisation up to 400 Hz. Based on the latest measurement results, a new single explicit expression is proposed to approximate and predict the AC magnetisation curve accurately over a wide range up to 2.0 T. A simple and accurate power loss separation algorithm is also proposed to identify the percentages of hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and anomalous loss, and predict the power loss at high flux densities. The finite element computational method based on Maxwell’s equations together with the measured magnetic properties of electrical steels up to 2.0 T leads to a more accurate predication for the distribution of magnetic flux and core losses in the power transformer core at high flux densities. The effects of core joint types, overlapping techniques, air gaps on the magnetic flux distribution are investigated in both 2D and 3D core corner joints. The distributions of the main flux, the leakage flux and the power loss in the core and the clamping structures are also obtained.
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Correard, Gilson Carlos de Castro. "Desenvolvimento de um laser de CO2 contínuo, de alta potência e de alto fluxo." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2009. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=876.
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Neste trabalho, são apresentados os detalhes do projeto, da construção e do desenvolvimento de um laser de CO2 de alto fluxo. O trabalho surgiu de necessidades específicas do Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Aplicações de Laser e Óptica (DedALO) da Divisão de Fotônica do IEAv, onde é necessário um laser de CO2 contínuo, com potência da ordem de 1 kW e que possa ser operado como amplificador de um oscilador pulsado de baixa potência, para aplicações em processamento de materiais, propulsão a laser e evaporação de metais utilizados nos projetos de separação isotópica. Por meio de estudos teóricos e observações práticas, procurou-se reunir o maior número de dados disponíveis para a montagem de lasers de CO2 de alto fluxo. São apresentados os detalhes de projeto da cavidade ressonante, do trocador de calor, resistor ballast, sistema de vácuo, sistema elétrico e sistema de fluxo. São também descritos os componentes, a sua montagem, técnicas de alinhamento de espelhos, medição de potência e de fluxo. Com o primeiro protótipo foram obtidos 200 W de potência contínua, uma eficiência de conversão de energia elétrica em óptica de 13%, quando operando com uma pressão ótima de 24 Torr (3200 Pa) de uma mistura padrão de 10% de CO2, 10% de N2, 80% de He, com uma vazão de 0,121 m3/s. Estes resultados são comparados com os previstos pelos modelos utilizados e é verificada uma boa concordância entre eles.
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Castro, Sandra Cristina da Cunha Castro. "Oxigenoterapia de alto fluxo nasal na pessoa em situação crítica: da evidência à ação." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26690.
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A pessoa em situação crítica por compromisso do sistema respiratório, é uma reali-dade frequente nas unidades de cuidados intensivos. É fundamental optimizar os cuidados prestados, para fazer face à instabilidade, necessidades e sintomatologia que a pessoa apresenta. O alto fluxo nasal surge como uma técnica para a pessoa com hipoxemia grave pela diminuição do esforço respiratório.
Com o presente relatório, pretende-se descrever as etapas subjacentes ao projeto de intervenção realizado numa unidade de cuidados intensivos, com o objetivo de incre-mentar a segurança dos cuidados prestados, através da implementação de um protocolo sobre alto fluxo nasal a ser aplicado à pessoa em situação crítica por insuficiência respira-tória.
Procura-se também analisar de forma reflexiva o percurso conducente à aquisição e desenvolvimento das competências comuns de enfermeiro especialista, competências específicas de enfermeiro espeialista em Enfermagem Médico- Cirúrgica, na vertente da Pessoa em Situação Crítica bem como as competências de Mestre em Enfermagem; ABSTRACT:
The person in critical condition due to respiratory system compromise is a fre-quent reality in intensive care units. It is essential to optimize the care provided, to ad-dress the instability, needs and symptomatology that the person presents. High nasal flow appears as a technique for people with severe hypoxemia due to decreased respira-tory effort.
This report aims to describe the steps that underlie the intervention project car-ried out in an intensive care unit with the aim of enhancing the safety of care by imple-menting a protocol on high nasal flow to be applied to critical person for respiratory in-sufficiency.
It also seeks to reflectively analyze the path leading to the acquisition and devel-opment of common skills of specialist nurses, specific skills of specialist nurse in Medical-Surgical Nursing, as the Critical Person as well as the skills of Master in Nursing.
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Machado, Marcos Canto. "Estudo e sistematização estatística e quimiométrica na determinação de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) por HPLC-Flu /." Araraquara, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97802.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Mary Rosa Rodrigues de MarchiCoorientador: Marisa Veiga Capela
Banca: Eduardo Bessa Azevedo
Banca: Sandro José de Andrade
Resumo: A análise da literatura aponta para um crescente número de trabalhos em matrizes ambientais que buscam identificar e quantificar diversas substâncias poluentes. O estudo destas substâncias resulta em grandes conjuntos de dados, que necessitam ser devidamente analisados para a interpretação mais confiável possível. Por outro lado, os métodos analiticos utilizados nestas determinações envolvem diversas etapas e parâmetros que podem influenciar na confiabilidade analítica. Resultados analíticos sem confiabilidade identificada podem levar a tomada de decisões totalmente equivocadas na área ambiental. Neste contexto, é fundamental que os laboratórios disponham de meios e critérios objetivos para demonstrar que os métodos de ensaio que executam conduzem a resultados confiáveis e adequados à qualidade pretendida. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo de procedimentos estatisticos e quimiométricos na determinação dos hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) empregando a cromatografia líquida de alta performance com detecção por fluorescência (HPLC-FLU), enfocando a otimização estatística de procedimentos para validação do método para obtenção e tratamento de sinais analíticos dos HPAs, bem como o estudo do comportamento dos analitos em diferentes matrizes ambientais. Neste sentido foram utilizadas ferramentas quimiométricas, como análise de componentes principais, analise hierárquica de agrupamentos e técnicas de planejamento experimental para analise exploratória dos dados e indicação das similaridades cromatográficas entre os HPAs e do perfil destes em matrizes ambientais. Também foram realizados testes estatísticos inferenciais e descritivos cujas ferramentas foram implementadas em planilhas de cálculo para utilização em procedimentos necessários a parâmetros de validação, como estabilidade de soluções, linearidade, limites de detecção e quantificação, recuperação e efeito matriz
Abstract: The literature review points to a growing number of studies in environmental matrices which identify and quantify various pollutants. The study of these substances results in large data sets that need to be properly considered for the interpretation to be as more reliable as possible. On the other hand, the analytical methods used in these determinations involve several steps and parameters that can influence the analytical reliability. Analytical results that do not identify reliability can lead to completely flawed decision-making in the environmental area. In this context, it is essential laboratories to have adequate and objective criteria to demonstrate that the test methods performed lead to reliable results and appropriate to the desired quality. This work aimed to study the statistical and chemometric procedures for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by liquid chromatography high performance with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLU). It focuses on the optimization of statistical procedures for validating the method for obtaining and processing signals from analytical PAH as well as the study of the behavior of different analytes in environmental matrices. In this sense were used chemometric tools, such as principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and experimental design techniques for exploratory data analysis, indicating the similarities between PAH and chromatographic profile in environmental matrices. Tests were made descriptively and use of inferential statistical tools which have been implemented in spreadsheets for use in procedures required for validation parameters, such as stability of solutions, linearity, limits of detection and quantification, recovery and matrix effect. For studies on PAHs was determined as the optimal use of 5 replicates, the use of labor standards for a maximum period of 30 days and the development of analytical curves in the matrix
Mestre
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Machado, Marcos Canto [UNESP]. "Estudo e sistematização estatística e quimiométrica na determinação de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) por HPLC-Flu." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97802.
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A análise da literatura aponta para um crescente número de trabalhos em matrizes ambientais que buscam identificar e quantificar diversas substâncias poluentes. O estudo destas substâncias resulta em grandes conjuntos de dados, que necessitam ser devidamente analisados para a interpretação mais confiável possível. Por outro lado, os métodos analiticos utilizados nestas determinações envolvem diversas etapas e parâmetros que podem influenciar na confiabilidade analítica. Resultados analíticos sem confiabilidade identificada podem levar a tomada de decisões totalmente equivocadas na área ambiental. Neste contexto, é fundamental que os laboratórios disponham de meios e critérios objetivos para demonstrar que os métodos de ensaio que executam conduzem a resultados confiáveis e adequados à qualidade pretendida. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo de procedimentos estatisticos e quimiométricos na determinação dos hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) empregando a cromatografia líquida de alta performance com detecção por fluorescência (HPLC-FLU), enfocando a otimização estatística de procedimentos para validação do método para obtenção e tratamento de sinais analíticos dos HPAs, bem como o estudo do comportamento dos analitos em diferentes matrizes ambientais. Neste sentido foram utilizadas ferramentas quimiométricas, como análise de componentes principais, analise hierárquica de agrupamentos e técnicas de planejamento experimental para analise exploratória dos dados e indicação das similaridades cromatográficas entre os HPAs e do perfil destes em matrizes ambientais. Também foram realizados testes estatísticos inferenciais e descritivos cujas ferramentas foram implementadas em planilhas de cálculo para utilização em procedimentos necessários a parâmetros de validação, como estabilidade de soluções, linearidade, limites de detecção e quantificação, recuperação e efeito matriz
The literature review points to a growing number of studies in environmental matrices which identify and quantify various pollutants. The study of these substances results in large data sets that need to be properly considered for the interpretation to be as more reliable as possible. On the other hand, the analytical methods used in these determinations involve several steps and parameters that can influence the analytical reliability. Analytical results that do not identify reliability can lead to completely flawed decision-making in the environmental area. In this context, it is essential laboratories to have adequate and objective criteria to demonstrate that the test methods performed lead to reliable results and appropriate to the desired quality. This work aimed to study the statistical and chemometric procedures for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by liquid chromatography high performance with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLU). It focuses on the optimization of statistical procedures for validating the method for obtaining and processing signals from analytical PAH as well as the study of the behavior of different analytes in environmental matrices. In this sense were used chemometric tools, such as principal component analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and experimental design techniques for exploratory data analysis, indicating the similarities between PAH and chromatographic profile in environmental matrices. Tests were made descriptively and use of inferential statistical tools which have been implemented in spreadsheets for use in procedures required for validation parameters, such as stability of solutions, linearity, limits of detection and quantification, recovery and matrix effect. For studies on PAHs was determined as the optimal use of 5 replicates, the use of labor standards for a maximum period of 30 days and the development of analytical curves in the matrix
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Whitcombe, Joshua Matthew, and n/a. "Study of Catalyst Particle Emissions From a Fluidized Catalytic Cracker Unit." Griffith University. School of Environmental Engineering, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20031003.152200.
Full textAbstract:
The control of particle emissions from an oil refinery is often difficult, due to changing operational conditions and the limited range of available treatment options. Excessive particle emissions have often been attributed start up problems with Fluidized Catalytic Cracker Units (FCCU) and little information is available regarding the exact composition and nature of these excessive emissions. Due to the complex nature of a FCCU, it has in the past been difficult to identify and control emissions, without the use of expensive end of pipe technologies. An Australian Oil Refinery, concerned with their catalyst emissions, sponsored this study of FCCU particle emissions. Due to the industrial nature of the project, a holistic approach to the management of emissions was taken, instead of a detailed investigation of a single issue. By looking at the broader range of issues, practical and useful outcomes can be achieved for the refinery. Initially, detailed emissions samplings were conducted to investigate the degree of particle emissions under start up conditions. Stack emissions were collected during a standard start up, and analysed to determine the particle size distribution and metal concentration of the emitted material. Three distinct stages of emissions were discovered, initially a high concentration of larger particles, followed by a peak in the very fine particles and finally a reduction of particle emissions to a more steady or normal operational state. The variation in particle emissions was caused by operational conditions, hardware design and catalyst characteristics. Fluctuations in the gas velocity through the system altered the ability of the cyclones to collect catalyst material. Also, the low bed level allowed air bypass to occur more readily, contributing to the increased emissions levels seen during the initial stage of the start up. Reduced fluidity characteristics of the circulating catalyst also affected the diplegs operations, altering the collection efficiency of the cyclone. During the loading of catalyst into the system, abraded material was quickly lost due to its particle size, contributing to fine particle emissions levels. More importantly, thermal fracturing of catalyst particles occurred when the cold catalyst was fed into the hot regenerator. Catalyst particles split causing the generation of large amounts of fine particle material, which is easily lost from the system. This loading of catalyst directly linked to the period of high concentration of fine particles in the emissions stream. It was found that metals, and in particular iron, calcium and silicon form a thick layer on the outside of the catalyst, with large irregular shaped metal ridges, forming along the surface of the particle. These ridges reduce the fluidity of the catalyst, leading to potential disruptions in the regenerator. In addition to this, the metal rich ridges are preferentially removed via attrition, causing metal rich material to be emitted into the atmosphere. To overcome these high particle emissions rates from the FCCU the refinery should only use calcinated catalyst to reduce the influence of thermal process and particle fracture and generation. Although the calcinated catalyst can fracture when added to the system, it is far less than that obtained with uncalicinated catalyst. To further reduce the risk of particle fracture due to thermal stresses the refinery should consider reducing the temperature gradients between the hot and cold catalyst. Due to the economics involved with the regenerator, possible pre-warming of catalyst before addition into system is the preferred option. This pre-heating of catalyst should also incorporate a controlled attrition stage to help remove the build up of metals on the surface of the particles whilst allowing this material to be collected before it can be released into the atmosphere. The remove of the metal crust will also improve the fluidity of the system and reduce the chance of catalyst blockages occurring. Finally, modelling of the system has shown that control of key parameters such as particle size and gas velocity are essential to the management of air emissions. The refinery should look at adjusting start up procedures to remove fluctuations in these key parameters. Also the refinery should be careful in using correlation found in the literature to predicted operational conditions in the system as these correlations are misleading when used under industrial situations.
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Schönwald, Arne. "Investigation of all-flavour neutrino fluxes with the IceCube detector using the cascade signature." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17514.
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Das Ziel dieser Dissertation ist die Suche nach dem astrophysikalischen Neutrinofluss in einem IceCube-Datensatz bestehend aus 335 Tagen. IceCube ist ein 1 km$^{3}$ gro{\ss}er Neutrinodetektor, welcher sich am S{\"u}dpol befindet und aus 86 in das Eis eingefrorenen Trossen besteht, von denen jede mit 60 Digitalen Optischen Photomultipliern (DOM) best{\"u}ckt ist. Der Detektor befand sich noch in der Konstruktionsphase, daher bestand er nur aus 59 Trossen (IC59), als die Daten f{\"u}r diese Analyse gewonnen wurden.\newline Die hier behandelte Analysemethode ist empfindlich f{\"u}r alle drei Neutrinoarten. Wenn Neutrinos mit den im Eis vorhandenen Atomkernen wechselwirken, werden geladene Teilchen erzeugt, welche Tscherenkow-Strahlung aussenden, die dann von den DOM registriert und zur Rekonstruktion der Neutrinowechselwirkung verwendet wird. Diese Neutrinoereignisse m{\"u}ssen aus einem gro{\ss}en Untergrund von atmosph{\"a}rischen Myonen, der $10^{8}$ mal mehr Myonen als Neutrinos auf Trigger-Level enth{\"a}lt, gefiltert werden. Atmosph{\"a}rische und astrophysikalische Neutrinos k{\"o}nnen nur auf statistischem Wege auf der Grundlage ihrer rekonstruierten Energien unterschieden werden.\newline Um eine verl{\"a}ssliche Vorhersage f{\"u}r atmosph{\"a}rische Myonen in der finalen Filterstufe zu erreichen, wurde eine gro{\ss}e Anzahl von Myonen simuliert. Die vorgestellte Analyse war die erste, welche eine livetime von {\"u}ber einem Jahr f{\"u}r die Simulation von atmosph{\"a}rischen Myonen erreicht hat (f{\"u}r $E \geq 10$ TeV).\newline Eine erste Analyse z{\"a}hlte die Ereignisse mit einer Energie von $E>38$ TeV und fand 8 Ereignisse mit Energien zwischen 39 TeV und 67 TeV bei einer Untergrunderwartung von $3.6\pm 0.3$ Ereignissen. Dieser {\"U}berschuss wurde mit Hilfe eines Likelihood-Fit mit einer Energieschwelle von 10 TeV genauer untersucht. Es war kein astrophysikalischer Neutrinofluss n{\"o}tig, um den {\"U}berschuss zu beschreiben. Stattdessen wurde der {\"U}berschuss von einer h{\"o}heren Normierung des atmosph{\"a}rischen Neutrinoflusses absorbiert. Wenn keine weiteren Einschr{\"a}nkungen von unabh{\"a}ngigen Messungen oder Modellen des atmosph{\"a}rischen Neutrinoflusses verwendet werden, kann eine 90\% obere Grenze f{\"u}r den astrophysikalischen Neutrinofluss aller Neutrinoarten von $E^{2}\Phi_{astro,\;ul}=1.7\cdot 10^{-8} {\rm GeV}{\rm s}^{-1}{\rm sr}^{-1}{\rm cm}^{-2}$ im Energiebereich von $20\;{\rm TeV} \leq E \leq 3.0\;{\rm PeV}$ berechnet werden. Diese obere Grenze auf den Neutrinofluss liegt deutlich unter denen vorheriger IceCube-Analysen und ist kleiner als der sp{\"a}ter entdeckte astrophysikalische Neutrinofluss. Der atmosph{\"a}rischen Neutrinofluss, der im gleichen Fit bestimmt wurde, liegt deutlich {\"u}ber Modellvorhersagen basierend auf vor kurzem gewonnenen Messdaten. Wenn der atmosph{\"a}rische Neutrinofluss auf das Intervall dieser Modellvorhersagen beschr{\"a}nkt wird, ergibt sich eine obere Grenze f{\"u}r den astrophysikalischen Neutrinofluss aller Neutrinoarten von $E^{2}\Phi_{astro,\;ul}=3.2\cdot 10^{-8} {\rm GeV}{\rm s}^{-1}{\rm sr}^{-1}{\rm cm}^{-2}$ im Energiebereich von $20\;{\rm TeV} \leq E \leq 3.0\;{\rm PeV}$, was vertr{\"a}glich mit dem mittlerweile von IceCube gemessenen Neutrinofluss ist, welcher mit einer Analyse mit zwei Jahre Messzeit des fertiggestellten Ice-Cube-Detektors bestimmt wurde.This thesis presents a search for the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux in 335 days of IceCube data. IceCube is a 1 km$^{3}$ neutrino detector located at the South Pole, consisting of 86 strings, each equipped with 60 Digital Optical Photomultipliers (DOMs), frozen in the ice. The detector was still in construction when the data used in this analysis was taken, therefore only 59 strings were available (IC59).\newline The analysis presented here is sensitive to all three neutrino flavors. Neutrinos interacting with nuclei in the ice produce charged particles which emit Cherenkov light. This light is recorded by the DOMs and used for the event reconstruction. These neutrino events must be extracted from the huge background of atmospheric muons, which is $10^{8}$ times more common than neutrino events at trigger level. Finally, atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos need to be distinguished statistically, based on the reconstructed neutrino energies.\newline To obtain a robust prediction of atmospheric muon events at the final level of the event selection, a huge simulation sample of atmospheric muons has been produced. This analysis was the first to achieve a livetime of more than one year of simulated atmospheric muon events with $E \geq 10$ TeV.\newline A first analysis counting the number of events with an energy $E>38$ TeV found 8 events with energies between 39 TeV and 67 TeV for a background prediction of $3.6\pm 0.3$ events. This excess was further investigated with a maximum likelihood fit with an energy threshold of 10 TeV. No astrophysical neutrino flux was required to describe the excess in the data. Instead, it was absorbed by a higher normalization of the atmospheric neutrino flux. If no constraints from independent measurements or models of the atmospheric neutrino flux are applied, a 90\% upper limit on the all-flavor astrophysical neutrino flux of $E^{2}\Phi_{astro,\;ul}=1.7\cdot 10^{-8} {\rm GeV}{\rm s}^{-1}{\rm sr}^{-1}{\rm cm}^{-2}$ in the energy range of $20\;{\rm TeV} \leq E \leq 3.0\;{\rm PeV}$ can be derived. This upper limit is considerably lower than earlier IceCube limits, and lower than the astrophysical neutrino flux discovered later. However, the atmospheric flux that is obtained in the same fit is considerably higher than model predictions based on recent measurement. If the atmospheric flux is constrained to the range of these model predictions, the upper limit is $E^{2}\Phi_{astro,\;ul} = 3.2\cdot 10^{-8}\; {\rm GeV}{\rm s}^{-1}{\rm sr}^{-1}{\rm cm}^{-2}$, which is compatible with the astrophysical neutrino flux finally detected by IceCube using two years of data from the completed IceCube detector.
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COSTA, Leonardo Vieira Bruto da. "Fluxo de CO₂ na interface oceano-atmosfera na borda oeste do Atlântico Tropical sob influência da pluma do Rio Amazonas." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2017. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25162.
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O oceano Atlântico é um dos principais sistemas responsáveis pela absorção de CO₂ atmosférico. Entretanto, sua região tropical se caracteriza como fonte de CO₂ atmosférico. Neste trabalho utilizamos dados coletados a partir de um cruzeiro oceanográfico envolvendo a região da pluma do Rio Amazonas (Camadas Finas III – CF3, Outubro 2012), e de um sistema de boia fundeada (PIRATA 8ºN-38ºW, 20082011), para analisar a variabilidade espaço-temporal do fluxo de CO₂ (FCO₂) na borda oeste do Atlântico tropical. Com relação à variabilidade espacial, o cálculo da fCO₂sw, a partir dos dados de alcalinidade total (1450
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Troina, Aline Andrade. "Consumo materno de dois compostos bioativos da semente da linhaça sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hormonais das mães e proles durante a lactação." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3400.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoAvaliamos o efeito do consumo materno de SDG (Diglicosídeo Secoisolariciresinol) e de óleo de Linhaça+SDG sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hormonais das ratas e das proles machos e fêmeas na lactação. As ratas lactantes foram separadas em: controle (C), ração controle cuja proteína foi caseína; (SDG): ração C com 400mg de SDG/Kg de ração; OLSDG: ração C com 400mg de SDG/Kg de ração e 7% de óleo de linhaça. No 14 e 20 dias de lactação as ratas foram ordenhadas e no 21 dia foram sacrificadas por punção cardíaca. Leite e soro foram coletados para avaliação bioquímica e hormonal. Hormônios foram quantificados por radioimunoensaio. As proles machos e fêmeas foram sacrificadas aos 14 e 21 dias de idade. Os animais foram eviscerados para análise da composição corporal. Monitoramos a ingestão alimentar e a massa corporal (MC) durante o período experimental. As ratas SDG apresentaram maior gordura corporal (GC; +39%), enquanto as OLSDG menor conteúdo mineral (-20%) e trigliceridemia (TG) (-39%). As ratas SDG e OLSDG apresentaram hiperprolactinemia (+389% e 153%, respectivamente) sem alteração na concentração de estradiol. No 14 dia de lactação, o leite das ratas OLSDG apresentou menores teores de lactose(-17%) e de proteínas (-20%) e o das ratas SDG apenas menor teor de proteína (-21%). A partir do 13 dia de lactação tanto os machos quanto as fêmeas OLSDG apresentaram menor MC (-14%, -16%, respectivamente). No 14 dia de lactação os machos SDG e OLSDG apresentaram menor gordura corporal (-24%, -55%, respectivamente ) e a prole SDG maior massa de gordura visceral (+39%). Os machos SDG apresentaram maiores concentrações de TG (+105%) e hipoprolactinemia (-41%). Os machos OLSDG também apresentaram hipoprolactinemia (-41%). As fêmeas SDG e OLSDG apresentaram maior estradiol aos 14 dias (+86% e +176%) que se normalizou aos 21 dias, maior colesterolemia (+16%) e as SDG apresentaram maior trigliceridemia (+74%). Aos 21 dias os machos e as fêmeas SDG e OLSDG apresentaram menor trigliceridemia (-48%, -54%,42% e -59%, respectivamente). Os dois componentes principais da semente de linhaça produzem alterações bioquímicas e hormonais tanto nas mães, quanto nas proles, independente do sexo. Entretanto, as alterações observadas diferem entre mães e prole e de acordo com o gênero. Entre as alterações mais importantes ressaltamos a hiperprolactinemia materna que pode ser um dos motivos para a hipoprolactinemia da prole e a hipertrigliceridemia causada pela ingestão de SDG pelas mães.
We evaluated the mothers intake of SDG (Diglicoside secoisolariciresinol) and flaxseed oil + SDG upon biochemical and hormonal parameters of lactating female rats and the male and female offspring during lactation. The female lactating rats were divided into: Control (C): feeding a diet with casein; (SDG): feeding diet C added 400mg of SDG/Kg diet; (OLSDG): diet C added 400mg of SDG/Kg diet and 7% of flaxseed oil. Milk samples were obtained on the 14th and 20th days of lactation and the mothers were sacrificed and blood collected by cardiac puncture on the 21st day. Milk and serum were collected for biochemical and hormonal analysis. The male and female offsprings were sacrified on the 14th and 21st day. The hormonal dosages were measured by radioimunassay. The animals were completely eviscerated to analyze body composition. Body mass (BM) and food intake were monitored during all experimental period. The SDG rats showed higher fat mass (+39%) while the OLSDG rats showed lower mineral content (-20%) and triglycerides (TG) serum levels (-39%). The SDG and OLSDG rats showed higher prolactin levels (+339% and +153% respectively) without changes in serum estradiol. On the 14th day of lactation we observed lower lactose (-17%) and protein (-20%) content in the OLSDG rats milk while in the SDG only lower protein (-21%). From the 13th day of lactation both the males and females OLSDG showed lower BM ( - 14%, - 16%, respectively). On the 14th day the male SDG and OLSDG showed lower fat mass (-24%, -55%, respectively), and the SDG offspring showed higher visceral fat mass (+39%). The SDG male also showed higher TG levels (+105%) and lower prolactin levels (-41%). The OLSDG males also showed lower prolactin serum levels (-41%). The OLSDG female showed higher serum estradiol at 14 days (+86% e +176%), which normalized at 21 days and higher cholesterolemia (+16%) and the SDG female presented higher TG levels (+74%). On day 21th day the male and female SDG and OLSDG showed lower TG levels (-48%,-54%, -42% and 59% respectively). Thus, the two main component of flaxseed showed biochemical and hormonal changes in the mothers and offspring, independent of gender. However, the changes observed in mothers differ from the offspring, and differ accordingly with the sex of offspring. The most impressive changes were the maternal hyperprolactinemia that can be one of the cause for the observed hypoprolactinemia in the offspring and the other main finding was the hypertriglyceridemia in the SDG group.
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Carvalho, Rosimeire Silva de. "A influência do cobre nas microestruturas e propriedades mecânicas de uma liga Al2%Ni solidificadas com fluxo de calor unidirecional e transiente." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/23176.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Gama, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Integridade de Materiais da Engenharia, 2016.Submitted by Fernanda Percia França (fernandafranca@bce.unb.br) on 2017-03-08T17:17:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_RosimeireSilvadeCarvalho.pdf: 4897414 bytes, checksum: bc1dc74a66a09b797fd7a53db24619b1 (MD5)
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As características mecânicas e químicas dos produtos metálicos solidificados dependem do arranjo microestrutural, mais especificamente do tamanho de grão e espaçamentos celulares ou dendríticos, das heterogeneidades de composição química, do tamanho, forma e distribuição das inclusões. A fusão de metais e, consequentemente, a solidificação, são etapas importantes na obtenção dos mais variados bens no nosso dia-a-dia. Neste trabalho, foram conduzidos experimentos de solidificação unidirecional em regime transiente (vertical ascendente) para asolidificação de ligas do sistema alumínio-níquel. Esta análise visa investigar experimentalmente o efeito das composições nos principaisparâmetros do processo de solidificação e sua influência nas estruturas de solidificadas. Após a obtenção dos lingotes e registrados das variações de temperatura, foram determinados os seguintes parâmetros de solidificação: velocidade de avanço da frente de solidificação, gradiente de temperatura em frente à isoterma liquidus, taxa de resfriamento e tempo local de solidificação. As macroestruturas obtidas evidencia estruturas colunares e as microestruturas aspecto dendrítico determinados através da microscópia óptica. É estabelecida no trabalho uma comparação entre os espaçamentosdendríticos e interdendríticos em relação adição do cobre determinadas pela microscópia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Osespaçamentos dendríticosprimários experimentais referentes a solidificação das ligas Al2%Ni com 0,5%; 1,0% e 1,5%, são usados para estimar o módulo de elasticidade através do ensaio Sonelastic , dureza Brinell e microdurezaVickers correlacionando-os seus valores em relação ao efeito da adição do cobre com teores variados.
The mechanical and chemical characteristics of the solidified metal products depend on the microstructural arrangement, more specifically on grain size and cellular or dendritic spacing, heterogeneities of chemical composition, size, shape and distribution of inclusions, etc. The fusion of metals and, consequently, the solidification are important steps in obtaining the most varied goods in our daily life. In this work, unidirectional solidification experiments were carried out in a transient regime (vertical ascending). The study of the solidification of metals and alloys in metal / mold system aims to find ways to combine the best desired characteristics and at the same time prevent the occurrence of defects during the solidification process, considering the importance of the correlation of the mechanical properties of A piece with structural morphology, at the microstructural levels. This analysis aims to experimentally investigate the effect of the compositions on the main parameters of the solidification process and their influence on the solidified structures. After the ingots were obtained and recorded of the temperature variations, the following solidification parameters were determined: solidification front feed rate, temperature gradient in front of the liquidus isotherm, cooling rate and local solidification time. The obtained macrostructures evidences columnar structures and dendritic aspect microstructures determined by optical microscopy. A comparison between dendritic and interdendriticspacings in relation to copper addition determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is established in the paper. The experimental primary dendritic spacings referring to the solidification of Al2% Ni alloys with 0.5%; 1.0% and 1.5% are used to estimate the modulus of elasticity through the Sonelastic test, Brinell hardness and Vickers microhardness, correlating their values in relation to the effect of the addition of copper with varied contents.
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Quental, Paulo Afonso Luís Arruda. "Modelos geológicos estocásticos 3D e interface para modelos de simulação de fluxo: aplicação à área subjacente da antiga fábrica da SPEL." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5765.
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Geológica (Georrecursos)A modelação do fluxo em sistemas aquíferos num simulador dinâmico é um exemplo onde podem ser utilizados modelos geoestatísticos, nomeadamente na delimitação vertical dos sistemas aquíferos e atribuição local de propriedades hidráulicas. No entanto, a interface entre estes 2 modelos é condicionada pela resolução espacial. Enquanto os modelos estocásticos geológicos podem ser definidos em malhas constituídas por milhões de blocos, os modelos de simulação dinâmica encontram-se limitados às dezenas de milhares de blocos. O presente trabalho tem como principal objectivo a implementação de uma metodologia que faça a integração optimizada entre os modelos geológicos estocásticos de alta resolução (modelos geoestatísticos) e os modelos de simulação de sistemas aquíferos (modelo hidrogeológico). A solução apresentada centra-se na realização de um modelo geológico de alta resolução, tirando partido de algoritmos geoestatísticos e ulterior adaptação optimal (upscaling) para uma malha de maior dimensão. A metodologia implementada subdivide-se em duas etapas principais. Numa primeira etapa realiza-se a construção de um modelo geológico 3D das litologias por simulação sequencial da indicatriz (SSI). No algoritmo SSI foram inseridas, simultaneamente,2 condicionantes, o que constitui uma das inovações deste trabalho: i) correcção às médias locais, respeitando a complexidade geológica da área e a ocorrência vertical de litogrupos, e ii) histograma das transições entre litogrupos na direcção vertical, obrigando a que as regras de transição entre troços dos dados experimentais fosse respeitada. Na segunda etapa faz-se a adaptação / simplificação optimal do modelo. Para tal, definiram-se as principais unidades hidrogeológicas de forma conceptual. Seguidamente aplicou-se a simplificação através de uma aplicação informática inovadora que foi desenvolvida, programada e testada, baseada no método de optimização Simulated Annealing. São assim obtidos localmente os limites para cada uma das unidades hidrogeológicas e uma matriz de parâmetros hidráulicos (permeabilidade, porosidades e coeficientes de armazenamento) que podem ser utilizados directamente no modelo de fluxo. A metodologia proposta foi implementada aos terrenos subjacentes da antiga fábrica da SPEL, no concelho do Seixal. Para além do desenvolvimento dos modelos geológico e hidrogeológico do local, foram feitos testes sintéticos do fluxo da água subterrânea no MODFLOW.
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Silva, Junior Luiz Severo da. "Tetraciclinas em medicamentos veterinarios e produtos lacteos." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256322.
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Orientadores: Felix Guillermo Reyes Reyes, Susanne RathTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram estabelecer e validar métodos analíticos (utilizando análise por injeção em fluxo - FIA, e cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência - CLAE), para a determinação de oxitetraciclina (OTC), doxiciclina (DC) e tetraciclina (TC) em medicamentos veterinários e em alimentos (leite e iogurte), assim como avaliar a estabilidade dessas tetraciclinas durante o processamento térmico do leite e durante o processo de fabricação e armazenamento do iogurte. As análises por FIA foram desenvolvidas baseadas na emissão de fluorescência das tetraciclinas em meio básico. As análises por CLAE foram realizadas utilizando-se uma fase estacionária (C8 de fase reversa), fase móvel [acetato de sódio 0,1 mol L-1 + EDTA 25 mmol L-1 + cloreto de cálcio 35 mmol L-1] : metanol (65:35, v/v) e detector de fluorescência. No processamento térmico do leite foram utilizados três procedimentos distintos de aquecimento (microondas, chapa de aquecimento e fogão). A produção do iogurte foi realizada com leite adicionado de tetraciclinas, para verificar a degradação dos antimicrobianos durante o processamento e vida-de-prateleira do produto. Os parâmetros avaliados para validação foram estabelecidos para cada matriz analisada (leite e iogurte). As análises por FIA, apresentaram detectabilidade (120 ng); e a recuperação variou de 98 a 104 % para as três tetraciclinas. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o método FIA proposto é adequado para a determinação do princípio ativo de medicamentos de uso veterinário à base de tetraciclinas. Com relação às análises cromatográficas, as porcentagens de recuperação das tetraciclinas, nas amostras de leite e iogurte foram: 108% para OTC, 87% para DC e 99,8% para TC, com limite de quantificação de 27; 46 e 33 ng mL-1 para OTC, DC e TC respectivamente . No processamento térmico, a maior percentagem de degradação foi constatada na placa de aquecimento (11; 28 e 15 %) para OTC, DC e TC, respectivamente. Verificou-se que no processamento do iogurte, contaminações com tetraciclinas, acima do limite máximo recomendado (LMR), não foram suficientes para inibir o processo fermentativo, e ao final de 30 dias de armazenamento (sob refrigeração) do iogurte, foram obtidas degradações de 52% (OTC) , 61% (DC) e 67% (TC). Visto que na determinação das tetraciclinas no leite, a presença da riboflavina era evidenciada nos cromatogramas obtidos, foi estabelecido e validado um método analítico simples e rápido para a determinação desse composto, utilizando CLAE. O método desenvolvido para análise de riboflavina, apresentou uma recuperação satisfatória (92%) e limites de detecção e de quantificação ( 0,22 µg mL-1 e 0,75 µg mL-1, respectivamente), mostrando-se robusto na presença de substâncias fluorescentes como as tetraciclinas
Abstract: The objectives of the present study were establish and validate analytical methods (using flow injection analysis - FIA and high performance liquid chromatography - HPLC) for the determination of oxitetracycline (OTC), doxycycline (DC) and tetracycline (TC) in veterinarians drugs and foods (milk and yoghurt). As well as evaluating the stability of these tetracyclines during the thermal processing of milk and during the process of manufacture and storage of the yoghurt. The analyses for FIA were developed based on the emission of fluorescence of the tetracyclines in alkaline solution. The analyses for HPLC were carried through using a stationary phase (C8 of reverse phase), mobile phase [acetate 0.1 mol L-1 + EDTA 25 mmol L-1 + calcium chloride 35 mmol L-1]: methanol (65:35, v/v) and fluorescence detection. In the thermal processing of milk, three distinct procedures of heating were used (microwaves, plate of heating and cooking-stove). The production of the yoghurt was carried through with added milk of tetracyclines, to verify the degradation of antimicrobians during the processing and shelf-life of the product. The parameters evaluated for validation were established for each analyzed matrix (milk and yoghurt). The analyses for FIA showed detectability (120 ng) and the recovery varied of (98 to 104%) for tetracyclines. The results indicated that the FIA method considered is suitable for the determination of tetracyclines in veterinarian formulations. In the chromatographic analyses, the percentage of recovery of the tetracyclines, in the samples of milk and yoghurt was: 108% for OTC, 87% for DC and 99.8% for TC, with limit of quantification of 27; 46 and 33 ng mL-1 for OTC, DC and TC respectively. Higher degradation occurs when the heating was conducted in the heating plate (11; 28 and 15%) for OTC, DC and TC, respectively. It was verified that in the processing of the yoghurt, contaminations with tetracyclines, above of the LMR, that it was not enough to inhibit the fermentative process, and to the end of 30 days of storage (under refrigeration) of the yoghurt, the tetracyclines levels were reduced in 52%, 61% and 67%, for OTC, DC and TC, respectively. The method developed for riboflavin analysis, presented a satisfactory recovery (92%) and limits of detection and quantification (0.22 µg mL-1 and 0.75 µg mL-1, respectively), showing robustness in the presence of fluorescent substances as the tetracyclines
Doutorado
Ciência de Alimentos
Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos
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Silva, Jefferson de Carvalho. "Um arcabouço para a construção de aplicações baseadas em componentes sobre uma plataforma de nuvem computacional para serviços de computação de alto desempenho." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18686.
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SILVA, Jefferson de Carvalho. Um arcabouço para a construção de aplicações baseadas em componentes sobre uma plataforma de nuvem computacional para serviços de computação de alto desempenho. 2016. 189 f. Tese (Doutorado em ciência da computação)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2016.Submitted by Elineudson Ribeiro (elineudsonr@gmail.com) on 2016-07-20T13:23:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_tese_jcsilva.pdf: 4498142 bytes, checksum: 52ad7d9692df71a47320a253bdd0b4e3 (MD5)
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Developing High Performance Computing applications (HPC), which optimally access the available computing resources in a higher level of abstraction, is a challenge for many scientists. To address this problem, we present a proposal of a component computing cloud called HPC Shelf, where HPC applications perform and SAFe framework, a front-end aimed to create applications in HPC Shelf and the author's main contribution. SAFe is based on Scientific Workflows Management Systems (SWMS) projects and it allows the specification of computational solutions formed by components to solve problems specified by the expert user through a high level interface. For that purpose, it implements SAFeSWL, an architectural and orchestration description language for describing scientific worflows. Compared with other SWMS alternatives, besides rid expert users from concerns about the construction of parallel and efficient computational solutions from the components offered by the cloud, SAFe integrates itself to a system of contextual contracts which is aligned to a system of dynamic discovery (resolution) of components. In addition, SAFeSWL allows explicit control of life cycle stages (resolution, deployment, instantiation and execution) of components through embedded operators, aimed at optimizing the use of cloud resources and minimize the overall execution cost of computational solutions (workflows). Montage and Map/Reduce are the case studies that have been applied for demonstration, evaluation and validation of the particular features of SAFe in building HPC applications aimed to the HPC Shelf platform.
Desenvolver aplicações de Computação de Alto Desempenho (CAD), que acessem os recursos computacionais disponíveis de forma otimizada e em um nível maior de abstração, é um desafio para cientistas de diversos domínios. Esta Tese apresenta a proposta de uma nuvem de componentes chamada HPC Shelf, pano de fundo onde as aplicações CAD executam, e o arcabouço SAFe, Front-End para criação de aplicações na HPC Shelf e contribuição principal do autor. O SAFe toma como base o projeto de sistemas gerenciadores de workflows científicos (SGWC), permitindo a implementação de soluções computacionais baseadas em componentes para resolver os problemas especificados por meio de uma interface de nível de abstração mais alto. Para isso, foi desenvolvido o SAFeSWL, uma linguagem de descrição arquitetural e orquestração de worflows científicos. Comparado com outros SGWC, além de livrar usuários finais de preocupações em relação à construção de soluções computacionais paralelas e eficientes a partir dos componentes oferecidos pela nuvem, o SAFe faz uso de um sistema de contratos contextuais integrado a um sistema de descoberta (resolução) dinâmica de componentes. A linguagem SAFeSWL permite o controle explícito das etapas do ciclo de vida de um componente em execução (resolução, implantação, instanciação e execução), através de operadores embutidos, a fim de otimizar o uso dos recursos da nuvem e minimizar os custos de sua utilização. Montage e Map/Reduce constituem os estudos de caso aplicados para demonstração e avaliação das propriedades originais do SAFe e do SAFeSWL na construção de aplicações de CAD.
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Ribeiro, Cristina Isabel Matias. "Cartografia de rochas ígneas: análise da orientação preferencial de fenocristais de feldspato para a caracterização do fluxo magmático nos granitóides porfiróides do Alto de São Bento (Maciço de Évora, zona de Ossa Morena)." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15847.
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Neste trabalho estudaram-se granitóides dos afloramentos dos moinhos e pedreira do Alto de São Bento (Évora). Identificaram-se aqui um granito de grão-médio e um granitóide porfiróide intruídos nos terrenos de alto-grau metamórfico de Évora. Cartografia de detalhe permitiu reconhecer e caracterizar o modo de ocorrência e relações de campo com as rochas circundantes. Estudos preliminares de petrologia e geoquímica de rocha total possibilitaram a sua caracterização como granitos e granodioritos pertencentes às séries calco-alcalinas com elevado teor em K. O granito de grão médio é do tipo S, apresenta uma pronunciada anomalia negative em Eu e é mais empobrecido em elementos de terras raras se comparado com os granitóides porfiróides que são do tipo I. Estas rochas ígneas mostram assinaturas geoquímicas similares a granitos sin-colisionais de arco vulcânico. Com o objetivo de estudar o fluxo magmático nos diques estratiformes dos granitóides porfiróides foram medidos 5706 fenocristais de feldspato. A análise da orientação preferencial dos fenocristais permitiu caracterizar um fluxo laminar homogéneo com perturbações locais provocadas pela proximidade da parede do dique a muro e a diques aplito-pegmatíticos. ***/Abstract - Two outcrops of granitoids from the Alto de São Bento mills and quarry (Évora) were studied in this work. Here were identified a medium-coarse grained granite and a porphyroid granitoid, intruded on the high-grade metamorphic terrains of Évora. Detail mapping was applied to recognize and describe the geometry and field relations of these granitoids with surrounding rocks. Preliminary studies on petrology and whole-rock geochemistry allowed their characterization as granites and granodiorites belonging to calc-alkaline series with high K. The medium-coarse grained granite is of type S, presents a significant negative Eu anomaly and is more depleted in REE than the porphyroid granitoids, which are of type I. These igneous rocks show a geochemical signature similar to syn-collisional arc volcanic granites. In order to study the magmatic flow within the stratiform dykes of porphyroid granitoids 5706 fenocrysts of feldspar were measured. The analysis of the shape preferred orientation of the megacrysts allowed the characterization of a homogeneous laminar flow with local perturbations due to the close spatial relation with the dyke footwall and the presence of aplite-pegmatite dykes.
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Hou, Zhiwei. "Fluorescence in blue light (FLU): Functional analysis of its structural domains for light and dark-dependent control of ALA synthesis." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20951.
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Fluorescence in blue light (FLU) ist ein negativer Feedbackregulator der Chlorophyllbiosynthese, welcher an der Dunkelrepression der 5-Aminolävulinsäure (ALA)-Synthese beteiligt ist. FLU ist Teil eines Komplexes, der die Enzyme umfasst, welche an der Katalyse der finalen Schritte der Chlorophyllbiosynthese beteiligt sind. Drei funktionelle Domänen wurden für das Arabidopsis FLU Protein postuliert: eine Tetratricopeptid-Wiederholungsdomäne (TPR) befindet sich am C-Terminus; eine Transmembrandomäne (TM) ist am N-Terminus lokalisiert; eine Coiled-coil-Domäne (linker) liegt dazwischen. Die TPR-Domäne von FLU Domäne interagiert mit dem C-terminalen Ende der Glutamyl-tRNA Reduktase (GluTR), dem geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden Enzym der ALA-Synthese.
Diese Arbeit zur Erweiterung des Wissen über die Funktion von FLU im Licht sowie über die Rolle der funktionellen Domänen von FLU bei der Inaktivierung der ALA-Synthese bei.Fluorescence in blue light (FLU), a negative feedback regulator of chlorophyll biosynthesis, is involved in dark repression of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthesis. FLU is part of a complex comprising the enzymes catalyzing the final steps of chlorophyll synthesis. Three functional domains were proposed in the Arabidopsis FLU protein: a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain is at the C-terminus; a transmembrane domain (TM) is at the N-terminus; a coiled-coil domain (linker) is in between. The TPR(FLU) domain interacts with the C-terminal end of glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR), the rate-limiting enzyme of ALA synthesis. This thesis contributes to the extended knowledge about the function of FLU in light as well as the role of the structural domains of FLU in the inactivation of ALA synthesis.
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Lira, Altair dos Santos. "Análise da assistência ofertada às gestantes com Doença Falciforme, em Salvador/BA: o racismo nas tramas e enredos das Redes do SUS." Instituto de Saúde Coletiva-ISC, 2015. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/18322.
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A doença falciforme (DF) é a doença hereditária monogênica mais presente no Brasil, com predominância nos afrodescendentes. Em 2001, a DF foi incluída no Programa Nacional de Triagem Neonatal (PNTN) através da portaria 822/01, passando a ser reconhecida pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) enquanto um problema de saúde pública. Dados do PNTN indicam que nascem, em média, 3.500 crianças com DF/ano no Brasil, incidência média 1:1000 nascidos vivos (NV). Esta incidência varia entre os estados brasileiros, sendo a Bahia o estado com maior incidência (1:650 NV), seguida pelo Rio de Janeiro (1:1200 NV), depois Pernambuco, Maranhão e Minas Gerais (1:1400 NV). Há cerca de 20 anos, entidades de pessoas com DF tiveram um papel preponderante na conquista de direitos, estando hoje organizadas na Federação Nacional das Associações de Pessoas com Doença Falciforme (FENAFAL). Em 2005 é lançada a Portaria GM nº 1391, através da qual se instituiu as diretrizes da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Doença Falciforme e outras Hemoglobinopatias. O Programa de Atenção às Pessoas com Doença Falciforme (PAPDF) de Salvador é implementado em 2005 e, em 2007, o Programa Estadual de Atenção Integral às pessoas com Doença Falciforme da Bahia, sem portaria ou legislação regulatória. As gestantes com DF, enfrentam vários riscos e desafios durante a gravidez, precisando de cuidados especiais. Partindo desta perspectiva, o presente estudo pretendeu analisar a assistência ofertada às gestantes com DF em Salvador/BA, considerando limites e possibilidades na rede, descrever o fluxo preconizado para o atendimento à gestante com DF e identificar o grau de articulação entre os diferentes pontos da rede de atenção; analisando a articulação entre os Programas de Atenção às Pessoas com DF e a Rede Cegonha identificando as implicações para o cuidado integral; e a utilização de protocolos de atendimento. Baseou-se numa abordagem qualitativa, pautada na revisão documental e em entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram entrevistados quatro gestores (dois municipais e dois estaduais) envolvidos na atenção às pessoas com DF, e uma mãe com DF. A análise dos dados permitiu a criação de quatro categorias de análise: (1) fluxo de atendimento à gestante com doença falciforme: limites e possibilidades na articulação da rede de atenção; (2) programas de atenção às pessoas com DF e a Rede Cegonha: implicações para o cuidado integral; (3) protocolos no atendimento das gestantes com DF; e, (4) notificação e registro: os dados orientando o planejamento. A não institucionalização do Programa Estadual, demonstra uma invisibilidade institucional, bem como a desarticulação da rede que atende as gestantes com DF, ficando a Rede Cegonha como um organizador desta atenção. Evidente fragilidade nos sistemas de informação sobre pessoas e gestantes com DF, implicando por sua vez num planejamento por demanda e não baseado em evidências. A ausência de protocolos e materiais orientadores nas esferas estaduais e municipais também foi demonstrada nos resultados. Concluímos haver uma necessidade urgente de organização e institucionalização do fluxo de assistencia à gestante com DF , com preenchimento dos sistemas de informação, mantendo atualizados os bancos de dados, visando monitorar e organizar a assistência.
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Skopin, Evgenii. "Etude des premiers instants du dépôt chimique par flux alternés (ALD) de films ZnO ultra minces sur In0,53Ga0,47As, dans le but d'optimiser la résistance de contact d'une structure MIS." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY016/document.
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Ce travail porte sur l'étude des étapes initiales du dépôt de couches atomiques de ZnO (ALD) sur une surface (100) de In0,57Ga0,43As, par l'utilisation de techniques de caractérisation in situ (rayonnement synchrotron). En raison de la grande mobilité des électrons, le semi-conducteur III-V InGaAs est un matériau potentiel pour remplacer le canal de Silicium dans les transistors à effet de champ (MOSFET). Afin de diminuer la hauteur de la barrière Schottky et la résistance de contact, une couche ultra-mince (tunnel) de ZnO peut être insérée entre le métal et le semiconducteur InGaAs. Au cours de ces dernières années, la technique ALD, compatible avec les spécifications de l'industrie et basée sur des réactions chimiques de surface auto-limitantes, est utilisée pour la fabrication de films minces conformes et homogènes avec un contrôle sub-nanométrique de l’épaisseur. Cependant, le comportement au cours de la croissance diffère fortement en fonction de la surface du substrat. Ainsi, l'étude des premières étapes ALD est particulièrement intéressante afin d’améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes de croissance en vue de la création de films ultra-minces.Pour ce faire, nous avons développé et mis à niveau un réacteur thermique ALD (MOON) dédié. Il peut être installé sur des lignes de lumière synchrotron afin d’étudier la croissance des matériaux in situ avec des techniques telles que la fluorescence X, l’absorption X, la spectroscopie des rayons X ainsi que la diffraction X en incidence rasante. De plus, des techniques optiques de caractérisation in situ peuvent être utilisées en laboratoire ou couplées en milieu synchrotron. Les expériences au synchrotron ont été réalisées sur les lignes de lumière SIRIUS (SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin (France)) et ID3 (ESRF, Grenoble (France)).Nous montrons que dans sa phase initiale, la croissance ALD de ZnO est inhibée par le substrat (100) InGaAs, ce qui conduit à un régime transitoire avant le régime de croissance ALD stable. La première phase du régime transitoire conduit à la formation d’une couche d’oxyde de Zinc, ultra-mince (~1 nm d'épaisseur), fabriquée avec un taux de croissance très faible. L'absorption X et la diffusion X en incidence rasante montrent qu’à ce stade le matériau ZnO est désordonné (non cristallisé) et présente un ordre à courte distance caractérisé par une structure wurtzite embryonnaire. Ensuite, le régime transitoire entre dans une deuxième phase (croissance 3D), le taux de croissance par cycle (GPC) augmente, atteint un maximum puis diminue jusqu'à une valeur constante (croissance ALD stable). Afin de mieux comprendre le mode de croissance 3D nous avons développé un modèle géométrique qui schématise la croissance d’îlots hémisphériques par ALD. Ce modèle permet d'obtenir des paramètres quantitatifs de croissance.En modifiant le débit d’eau (H2O) utilisée comme réactif pendant le processus ALD, il est possible de contrôler le délai (ou le nombre de cycles) avant le début de la croissance 3D. Cet effet est très probablement lié à la variation de la densité des groupes hydroxyle à la surface de l'InGaAs. Par ailleurs, nous avons caractérisé la croissance ALD de ZnO pour différentes températures du substrat InGaAs (dans et hors fenêtre ALD). Les cartes de diffusion des RX réalisées en cours de dépôt, montrent l’apparition d’une phase cristallisée à longue distance en lien avec le démarrage de la croissance 3D. À température élevée, hors de la fenêtre ALD, nous observons une texturation de la couche ZnO lorsque son épaisseur augmente. Aucune relation d’épitaxie n’est observée.Enfin, nous rendons compte de l'utilisation de couches ZnO ultraminces sur InGaAs pour les contacts électriques. La résistance de contact des échantillons de métal/ZnO/InGaAs a été mesurée à l'aide de la méthode Transfert Length Method (TLM). Nous montrons que la résistivité de contact spécifique des tampons Al/p-InGaAs est réduite par l’insertion d’une couche tunnel ZnO entre l'Al et l'InGaAs dopé pThis work focuses on the study of the initial stages of ZnO atomic layer deposition (ALD) on atomically flat (100) In0.57Ga0.43As surface, notably by using in situ synchrotron techniques. Due to high electron mobility, III-V InGaAs semiconductor has been recognized as a promising material to replace Silicon channel in the metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect transistors (MOSFET). Ultrathin ZnO layer on InGaAs can be used as a passivation layer at the interface with the gate transistor dielectric, as well as tunneling layer inserted in between metal/InGaAs contact to decrease the Schottky barrier height and the contact resistance. In the recent years, ALD technique based on self-limiting surface chemical reactions has received world-wide attention for manufacturing highly conformal and homogeneous thin films with sub-nanometer thickness control at low temperatures compatible with industry specifications. However, the growth behavior strongly differs depending on the substrate surfaces. Thus for the creation of few monolayers thick films, the study of ALD in the initial stages of growth is of particular interest for improving the understanding of the growth mechanisms.For that purpose, we have developed and upgraded a thermal ALD reactor (MOON:MOCVD/ALD growth of Oxide Nanostructures) dedicated to monitor the growth of materials by in situ characterization techniques. The MOON reactor can be moved to synchrotron centers for monitoring material growth in situ by using X-ray based techniques, notably X-ray fluorescence, X-ray absorption, XRR, and grazing incidence diffraction. Also, optical in situ techniques can be used in the laboratory. In this work, we show the results of experiments obtained at two synchrotron beamlines, i.e. SIRIUS (SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin (France)) and ID3 (ESRF, Grenoble (France)).We show that ZnO growth in the initial stages is inhibited by the (100) InGaAs substrate, leading to a transient regime prior to the steady ALD is achieved. We report a detailed investigation of this transient regime and find that an ultra-thin (~1-nm-thick) 2D layer is indeed fabricated but with a growth rate so low that one may believe that nothing has been deposited on the surface. We identify the structural and chemical properties of that ultra-thin layer. Only afterward does the substrate inhibited of type 2 growth mode begins: as the cycle number increases, the growth per cycle (GPC) increases, then reaches a maximum and level down to a constant value (steady growth). For a better understanding of the 3D growth mode by reproducing the experimental growth per cycle curves we have developed a geometric model that schematizes the growth of hemispheroid islands by ALD. We show that this model allows obtaining quantitative growth parameters.When water is used as a reactant, we showed that by changing the water flow during the ALD process, it is possible to control the time delay (or cycle number) prior to 3D growth begins. It is very likely that the water flow controls the density of hydroxyl groups on the InGaAs surface. We also demonstrated ZnO ALD for different InGaAs substrate temperatures. By combining in situ X-ray absorption and grazing incidence scattering techniques, we identified a short-range-order atomic structure of the ZnO material, with an embryonic ZnO wurtzite, prior to 3D growth, then a long-range-order structure is detected both by X-ray absorption and X-ray diffraction, together with the appearance of a microstructure. At higher growth temperature, outside of the ALD window, we observed the well-known ZnO texturing when the layer thickness increases.At last, we report on the use of ultrathin ZnO layers on InGaAs in the electrical contact structure. The contact resistance of metal/ZnO/InGaAs samples was measured using Transfer Length Method (TLM). We show that specific contact resistivity of Al/p-InGaAs pads is reduced by inserting a ZnO tunnel layer in between Al and p-doped InGaAs
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Hedenfelt, Eva. "Mikroalger för hållbar energiproduktion - Chlorella vulgaris i en kretsloppsanpassad alg-biogasprocess." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Teknik och samhälle, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21509.
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Odling av mikroalger för framställning av biogas är ett relativt outforskat område. Den forskning som hittills utförts har påvisat lovande resultat tack vare möjligheten att utnyttja resurser som idag går till spillo, eller till och med utgör miljöproblem; mikroalgerna kan rena både näringsrikt vatten (exv. avloppsvatten) och koldioxidutsläpp (rökgaser från industrin) då de tar upp föreningar innehållande kväve, fosfor och kol från dessa källor. Den producerade biogasen kan ersätta fossila bränslen. Dessutom skapas en rötrest som kan återföras till odlingsmarker vilket sluter näringskretsloppet. Mikroalgen Chlorella vulgaris undersöks gällande dess egenskaper i alg-biogasprocessen för att aktuella flöden ska kunna sammanlänkas genom industriell symbios. Mikroalger kan skapa unika möjligheter till kretsloppsanpassad energiproduktion bland annat tack vare att vissa av dem har potential att fungera både som växt och som djur. För att energiproduktionen ska kunna kretsloppsanpassas måste de olika systemen i alg-biogasprocessen lokaliseras strategiskt med avseende på dess flöden.The area of microalgae cultivation for the production of biogas is quite uninvestigated. Research has shown promising results due to the possibility to make use of resources that are unused or even cause negative environmental impact: the microalgae can purify nutrient rich water (waste water) as well as exhausts rich in carbon dioxide (flue gas) as they take up compounds containing carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from these sources. The produced biogas can replace fossil fuels. In addition, a digest is produced which can be returned to cropland which closes the nutrient loop. The microalgae Chlorella vulgaris is studied regarding its traits in the algae-to-biogas process in order to evaluate if the flows present can be interlinked through industrial symbiosis. Microalgae can create unique possibilities for loop adapted energy production partly thanks to their potential to function both as plant and as animal. For a loop adapted energy production the different systems in the algae-biogas process need to be located strategically with regards to the flows in the process.
The area of microalgae cultivation for the production of biogas is quite uninvestigated.Research has shown promising results due to the possibility to make use of resources that areunused or even cause negative environmental impact: the microalgae can purify nutrient rich water(waste water) as well as exhausts rich in carbon dioxide (flue gas) as they take up compoundscontaining carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from these sources. The produced biogas can replacefossil fuels. In addition, a digest is produced which can be returned to cropland which closes thenutrient loop. The microalgae Chlorella vulgaris is studied regarding its traits in the algae-to-biogasprocess in order to evaluate if the flows present can be interlinked through industrial symbiosis.Microalgae can create unique possibilities for loop adapted energy production partly thanks to theirpotential to function both as plant and as animal. For a loop adapted energy production the differentsystems in the algae-biogas process need to be located strategically with regards to the flows in theprocess
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Silva, Jefferson de Carvalho. "A framework for building component-based applications on a cloud computing platform for high performance computing services." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16543.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorDeveloping High Performance Computing applications (HPC), which optimally access the available computing resources in a higher level of abstraction, is a challenge for many scientists. To address this problem, we present a proposal of a component computing cloud called HPC Shelf, where HPC applications perform and SAFe framework, a front-end aimed to create applications in HPC Shelf and the author's main contribution. SAFe is based on Scientific Workflows Management Systems (SWMS) projects and it allows the specification of computational solutions formed by components to solve problems specified by the expert user through a high level interface. For that purpose, it implements SAFeSWL, an architectural and orchestration description language for describing scientific worflows. Compared with other SWMS alternatives, besides rid expert users from concerns about the construction of parallel and efficient computational solutions from the components offered by the cloud, SAFe integrates itself to a system of contextual contracts which is aligned to a system of dynamic discovery (resolution) of components. In addition, SAFeSWL allows explicit control of life cycle stages (resolution, deployment, instantiation and execution) of components through embedded operators, aimed at optimizing the use of cloud resources and minimize the overall execution cost of computational solutions (workflows). Montage and Map/Reduce are the case studies that have been applied for demonstration, evaluation and validation of the particular features of SAFe in building HPC applications aimed to the HPC Shelf platform.
Desenvolver aplicaÃÃes de ComputaÃÃo de Alto Desempenho (CAD), que acessem os recursos computacionais disponÃveis de forma otimizada e em um nÃvel maior de abstraÃÃo, à um desafio para cientistas de diversos domÃnios. Esta Tese apresenta a proposta de uma nuvem de componentes chamada HPC Shelf, pano de fundo onde as aplicaÃÃes CAD executam, e o arcabouÃo SAFe, Front-End para criaÃÃo de aplicaÃÃes na HPC Shelf e contribuiÃÃo principal do autor. O SAFe toma como base o projeto de sistemas gerenciadores de workflows cientÃficos (SGWC), permitindo a implementaÃÃo de soluÃÃes computacionais baseadas em componentes para resolver os problemas especificados por meio de uma interface de nÃvel de abstraÃÃo mais alto. Para isso, foi desenvolvido o SAFeSWL, uma linguagem de descriÃÃo arquitetural e orquestraÃÃo de worflows cientÃficos. Comparado com outros SGWC, alÃm de livrar usuÃrios finais de preocupaÃÃes em relaÃÃo à construÃÃo de soluÃÃes computacionais paralelas e eficientes a partir dos componentes oferecidos pela nuvem, o SAFe faz uso de um sistema de contratos contextuais integrado a um sistema de descoberta (resoluÃÃo) dinÃmica de componentes. A linguagem SAFeSWL permite o controle explÃcito das etapas do ciclo de vida de um componente em execuÃÃo (resoluÃÃo, implantaÃÃo, instanciaÃÃo e execuÃÃo), atravÃs de operadores embutidos, a fim de otimizar o uso dos recursos da nuvem e minimizar os custos de sua utilizaÃÃo. Montage e Map/Reduce constituem os estudos de caso aplicados para demonstraÃÃo e avaliaÃÃo das propriedades originais do SAFe e do SAFeSWL na construÃÃo de aplicaÃÃes de CAD.
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Derrite, Rafael Muraro [UNESP]. "Investigação de alta resolução com o piezocone: um estudo de caso." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150869.
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A heterogeneidade hidrogeológica do meio físico é um dos fatores principais na definição da distribuição dos contaminantes e seus subprodutos para elaboração de um Modelo Conceitual da Área (MCA). Existem diversas abordagens para a investigação ambiental de áreas contaminadas, sendo que a investigação de alta resolução (High Resolution Site Characterization - HRSC) permite obter um detalhamento em densidade e escala adequadas, tanto da variabilidade vertical e horizontal da condutividade hidráulica e dos tipos de solo, quanto das concentrações dos contaminantes, sua distribuição e interações no meio físico. Uma das ferramentas de alta resolução utilizada para se definir o Modelo Conceitual do Meio Físico é o piezocone (CPTu), a qual permite avaliar e classificar o tipo de solo e descrever um perfil hidroestratigráfico em escala centimétrica. O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo definir perfis e seções hidroestratigráficas em alta resolução, utilizando amostragem de solo Direct Push Dual Tube Sampling (DPDTS) e ensaios CPTu com Dissipação de Poro-Pressão (PPDT). A amostragem de solo DPDTS permitiu uma caracterização do solo in situ, definindo-se preliminarmente as principais zonas de fluxo e armazenamento de eventual contaminação. Os ensaios CPTu detectaram o tipo de solo em microescala (centímetros), com a identificação adequada das zonas de fluxo e armazenamento, bem como estabeleceram um perfil contínuo de condutividade hidráulica, além também de fornecerem dados pontuais através dos ensaios PPDT, definindo-se, então, um perfil hidroestratigráfico em alta resolução, subsidiando o projeto e aplicação de qualquer técnica de remediação. Os resultados mostraram grandes diferenças entre as descrições do tipo de solo obtidas pela sondagem DPDTS (tátil-visual) e pelos ensaios CPTu. Estes últimos possibilitaram identificar a heterogeneidade do meio físico, sua variação e alternância da condutividade hidráulica em detalhe, tendo sido detectados até cinco tipos de solos distintos pelos ensaios CPTu dentro de um único descrito pelo método tátil-visual (DPDTS), demonstrando o potencial de emprego dessa técnica para definição da hidrogeologia em escala centimétrica e a vantagem da sua utilização como ferramenta de alta resolução.
The hydrogeological heterogeneity of the physical environment is one of the main factors in the definition of the distribution of contaminants and their by-products for the elaboration of a Conceptual Site Model (CSM). There are several approaches to the environmental investigation of contaminated sites, and the High-Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) allows to obtain an adequate density and scaling detail of both vertical and horizontal variability of hydraulic conductivity and soil types, as well as the concentrations of contaminants, their distribution and interactions in the physical environment. One of the high-resolution tools used to define the Conceptual Model of the Physical Environment is the piezocone (CPTu), which allows to evaluate and classify the soil type and describe a hydrostratigraphic profile in a centimeter scale. The main purpose of the present study was to define high-resolution hydrostratigraphic profiles and sections using Direct Push Dual Tube Sampling (DPDTS) and CPTu tests with Pore-Pressure Dissipation (PPDT). The DPDTS soil sampling allowed an in-situ soil characterization, defining the main flux and storage zones of eventual contaminants. The CPTu tests detected the soil type in microscale (centimeters), with adequate identification of the flux and storage zones, also established a continuous profile of hydraulic conductivity, as well as obtained punctual data through the PPDT tests, thus defining the hydrostratigraphic profile in high resolution, supporting the design and application of any remediation technique. The results showed large differences between the soil type descriptions obtained by the DPDTS (tactile-visual) and the CPTu tests. The latter allowed the identification of the heterogeneity of the physical environment, its variation and alternation of hydraulic conductivity in detail, and up to five different soil types were detected by the CPTu tests within a single type described by the tactile-visual method (DPDTS), demonstrating the potential use of this technique to define the local hydrogeology in a centimeter scale and the advantage of its use as a high-resolution tool.
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Melo, Arito Lima. "Projecto de filtros integrados gm-C para aplicações sem fios." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/7618.
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de ComputadoresEsta Dissertação descreve o trabalho na área de síntese de filtros. A necessidade de implementar filtros em altas frequências, torna aconselhável a utilização de filtros implementados com amplificadores de transcondutância (OTAs) e condensadores, vulgarmente denominados de filtros Gm-C. Neste trabalho são descritas as diversas fases que constituem o projecto de filtros analógicos. Sendo posteriormente feita uma descrição das metodologias adoptadas na implementação de um ambiente desenvolvido para o projecto automático de filtros Gm-C. Este ambiente foi desenvolvido em Matlab e permite, uma vez fornecidas as especificações de um filtro passa baixo, obter o diagrama de blocos de um filtro Gm-C. De referir que se optou por implementar os filtros com base em protótipos passivos em escada, por forma a usufruir da baixa sensibilidade à variação de componentes deste tipo de filtros. A preocupação de obter filtros para altas frequências levou à utilização de uma metodologia baseada em equações de estado, que permite a determinação de um grafo de fluxo de sinal, cujo mapeamento para os blocos Gm-C é imediato.