Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alternance politique'
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Etekou, Bedi Yves Stanislas. "L'alternance démocratique dans les États d'Afrique francophone." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0091/document.
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EL, Alaoui Saïd. "L' alternance et la problématique de la transition démocratique au Maroc." Perpignan, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PERP0984.
Full textOn the appointment of alternative government in Morocco in March 1998, political debate has developed among intellectuals, on the country’s democratic transition. If for some Moroccan and foreign observers, said the appointment was a government index of democratic transition, for some others it is not the case. The democratic transition in know that with the new reign of Mohammed VI. In our opinion, this latter current simple sin of pessimism exorbitant. At the theoretical level, this current is the victim of a confusion of concepts, such «democracy» and «democratic transition», them there in a large dissimilarity between the two. On a practical level, said current failed in his study of alternation Moroccan experience in finding a policy that is in compliance with all reforms, « the specificity of the Moroccan political system ». That is to say that is not necessary to see a photo alternating Moroccan consistent with the alternation as it is practiced in western countries. This work aims to demonstrate that the appointment of alternative government has constituted it self a factor in the democratic transition. That is to say, the life of Hassan II. The Moroccan political experience has largely responded to the general rules of rotation, with some minor differences attributable to the nature of power in Morocco. In fact, we can a "alternate government" and not an "alternation of power". In addition, to illustrate the actions taken to promote democratization by that government under the reign of King again, have established a process to strengthen a transition has already begun
Doumbia, Fousseyni. "L'alternance démocratique au sommet de l'Etat au Mali et au Sénégal depuis l'indépendance." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUED012.
Full textZouaoui, Hassan. "Changement institutionnel et transition politique : la démocratisation au Maroc." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010302.
Full textAnquetin, Virginie. "La construction électorale des politiques municipales : travail politique de conquête et de gestion d’une capitale régionale (Strasbourg 1973-2001)." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2011/ANQUETIN_Virginie_2011.pdf.
Full textThis work studies the efforts made by a group of political actors bearing a socialist marking to master different political resources, variable because required in opposite electoral configurations – in the opposition then at the head of the municipality – to maintain or improve their position in the competition, in Strasbourg (France) from 1973 to 2001. It shows that municipal public policies do not proceed from political programs, or simply result from the activities of municipal administrations or expert communities, or consist in mayors’ rational responses to accurate and obvious problems. Rather than being consistently organized, the activities of the mayor and the municipal administration are displayed as consistent after they are performed, in order to generate electoral support and prepare election. Mayors can combine a complex range of obvious projects, discreet expenses, and appropriate justifications, channeled by their constant preoccupation for the changing constraints of electoral competition : to minimize or render harmless the opposition’s criticisms ; to attract favorable or positive comments from journalists. By applying Norbert Elias’s analysis of French King Louis XIVth’s Court, one understands how the electoral interests and plans of the mayor are supported by the municipal administration and by the members of majority or their partners and allies
Mejia, Lopez Juan Alfonso. "L'édification d'un parti pour l'alternance : le cas du Parti Accion National au Mexique, 1988-2000." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010333.
Full textBautista, Hernandez Elia. "Du parti hégémonique au pluripartisme : la transition politique au Mexique." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010293.
Full textKoumba, Koumba Garcia. "La problématique de l’alternance au pouvoir en Afrique francophone : une analyse comparée des cas du Gabon et du Sénégal (de 1970 à 2019)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCF014.
Full textOverall, this research explores the democratic process in Gabon and Senegal. But very precisely, she is interested in the problem of democratic alternation in power. Taking a comparative perspective, it uses the neo-institutional theoretical framework to understand and explain the divergences in trajectories in this area between the two countries.In total, the entire work includes two large parts preceded by an introductory part. Regarding the introductory part, most of the developments are devoted to the presentation of the research subject, to the initail question, to the hypotheses, in a word, to the theoretical and methodological aspects.In the first major part of the work, it is a question of establishing the points of convergence or similarities between the two countries. It is made up of three chapters. Regarding the second part, it highlights or exposes the points of devergence. Also composed of three chapters, each of them is designed from the three main angles of analysis of neo-institutionalism (namely ideas, institutions and interests)
Bousquet, François-Charles. "Le statut de l'opposition sous la cinquième République." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010323.
Full textSteckel-Assouère, Marie-Christine. "Le Conseil constitutionnel et l'alternance." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10038.
Full textThe increase in the number of referrals to a court of the Constitutional Council after each alternation confers a crucial role to the nine "wise men". By pronouncing on the political reforms consecutive to the coming to office of a new majority, the high authority is led to regulate the legal effects of political alternation. The Constitutional Council is also brought to protect the principle of alternation notably by playing the role of a "pointsman" orienting the national authorities
Pougnet-Rozan, Stéphanie. "La gestion des apprentis, levier de développement de la GRH ? : une approche contingente et politique." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENG009.
Full textTo what extent does the management of apprentices (AM) fit into the human resource management (HRM) of the enterprise? From a strategic and institutional exploratory study, the author argues that apprenticeship, as a system, is generally used as a mechanism for regulating the training market and employment. Apprenticeship helps companies manage anticipatory the skills they require, especially managerial skills. Through an investigation of 8 cases of companies, the author shows how far the variety and uniqueness of the issues and modes of AM are due to a variety of contingency frameworks and to a plurality of logics of representation. In addition, the AM, which invariably contributes to the retention and managerialisation of personnel and to the flexibility of HRM, is accompanied by segmentation and change dynamics in HRM. Through a comparative diagnosis of 16 cases of typical companies, the author identifies that the degree of segmentation between AM and HRM in the areas of recruitment, training, management, evaluation, remuneration, depends on instruments introduced by the school in Enterprise, rather than on policies, practices or actors. As an experiment, the author then introduces some AM instruments in 4 representative firms and examines how the HRM then changes: it spreads, is diversifying, becoming more professional, takes responsibility. The updated results of the research conducted in this thesis lead to the formulation of recommendations for action
Mbassi, Bedjoko. "Élections, alternances et stabilité en Afrique centrale : le droit électoral et les pratiques politiques." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010258.
Full textKasmi, Sanae. "Le statut des partis politiques au Maroc." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010262.
Full textIn Morocco, the regulation of political parties is part of the legal framework of political life. It is deeply rooted and inherent to the question of sharing or conserving power. Therefore, codification of parties is one of the main stakes concerning the setting of the political game's rules and the definition of its actors. This codification evolved quite slowly, following the democratization process. It revealed the controlling and liberalization mechanisms used alternately by the regime according to contexts and political opponents' position, particularly groups coming from the National Movement. During the experience referred to as "alternance", drawing up parties' law is seen as the result of an uncertain system of transactions oscillating between the willing to change and the continuity of the aforesaid law. This reversible experience involved a smooth situation towards which public authorities had to deal with law 36-04. This legislation, which officially aimed at rehabilitating political parties, put the latter under State control (conditioned freedom of political parties' creation, a flexible regime of dissolution). However, the State made up this control in collusion with the majority group coalition at the Parliament which approved cartels measures protecting its components. The "Arab Spring" has opened a new chapter in the parties' codification which goes on and is intensified through the reform of the institutional architecture in 2011. This latter sketches the parliamentary government by reinforcing political parties whether it's for their role or for the guarantees that they enjoy. However, many constraints were imposed, following the will to define contour of the partisans' activities and to preserve the regime from subversion
Levêque, Audrey. "Le néo-corporatisme réinterpellé : analyse comparée de deux politiques d'accès à l'emploi, l'apprentissage industriel en Belgique et le contrat de qualification "jeunes" en France." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133512.
Full textMazeaud, Alice. "La fabrique de l'alternance : la " démocratie participative " dans la recomposition du territoire régional, Poitou-Charentes 2004-2010." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665230.
Full textDenis, Adeline. "Dans la fabrique des prescriptions de rôles gouvernants. Ethnographie des coulisses du gouvernement municipal de Montreuil-sous-Bois (2008-2014)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ0014.
Full textBased on an ethnographic survey carried out among the leaders of Montreuil-sous-Bois between 2008 and 2014, the thesis takes us behind the scenes of a municipal government, and outlines a new sociology of prescriptions in action, which articulates the classical question of “Who conforms to plural role prescriptions, and how?” to that of “Who has the power to prescribe, and how, within a government? ". The municipal changeover in Montreuil in 2008 was characterized by the arrival of a national political leader, the ecologist Dominique Voynet, who sought to shake up the locally dominant arrangements and prescriptions. The fact that she did not run again in the 2014 municipal elections, denouncing the patronage and notability practices of her predecessor Jean-Pierre Brard, questions the weight of expectations on elected officials in this former communist bastion, and the struggles to (re)define what it means to be a “good” local governor today.The thesis explores this conundrum of local and competitive formulations of governing role prescriptions. Beyond the visible struggles on the political scenes, the investigation carried out behind the scenes reveals how prescriptive competition structures the governing activity “from the inside” and explains the variety of role taking among municipal rulers. The ethnographic focus on the mayoral entourage shows that the norms and role prescriptions, sedimented in a singular institutional history, are also mediated by auxiliaries, who intervene to determine and impose what they judge to be the good standards of conduct and ways of governing. By taking this prescriptive work as a central line of analysis, the thesis underlines the weight of these auxiliary prescribers in the professionalization of elected officials, and the competition that emerges between them around the prescriptions to be upholded. Two main prescriptive models confront each other: a government model “in the heat of the moment”, supported by the cabinet, vs. a government model “with a cool head”, supported by managing directors. The long-term observation reveals the growing weight of the latter which, through various procedural and management instruments, gradually strengthens their professional and prescriptive power over democratically elected staff.The thesis thus draws all the benefits of the crossing between several sociologies - the sociology of institutions and roles, the sociology of entourages and political professionalization, the sociology of work and professions, the sociology of gender - to move from the study of the governing role prescriptions to that of government prescribers, and to illuminate the new reign of “cold” rulers at the heart of local democracy
Diallo, Saliou Bobo Taran. "Évolution constitutionnelle de la Guinée, de l'indépendance à nos jours." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010289.
Full textPrado, Maillard José Luís. "Le Mexique sous un nouveau contexte : Les rapports des pouvoirs politiques de l'Union." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010265.
Full textBayeron, Michel. "L'État de droit face aux usages et enjeux politiques du droit constitutionnel en Côte d'Ivoire." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010320.
Full textBakhit, Rana. "L’Enseignement du français à l'école publique au Liban." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CERG0624.
Full textTeaching French as a foreign language is a necessity in a multilingual country like Lebanon. The Lebanese Constitution gave a privileged place to the French language in the context of public education by stipulating that: "the teaching of two languages: Arabic and French are mandatory in all national schools." However, public schools, specifically in the primary grades, students suffer from a poor level in French. Several factors impede the process of teaching / learning French, we have defined these factors by the following three areas of investigation: the learner, the teacher and the school. Our experimental research attempts to establish a correlation between the level of poor learners in French public schools, and these three areas of investigation. It aims to explain carefully the reasons underlying this poor level in French particularly among public school students
Pépiot, Nathalie. "Dynamiques plurilingues et interculturelles dans l’enseignement secondaire : le cas des langues arabe et française en partage, regards croisés sur des discours et des expériences pédagogiques en France et à l’étranger." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30041.
Full textHow does Multilingual and Intercultural Dynamic, initiated by research and encouraged by International and European bodies, develop in Educational Field? We looked at the case of The Shared Arabic and French languages in multilingual and intercultural projects within the French Education. For this study, we looked at the discourses of educational institutions and the pedagogical experiences of the experimental sections of Mediterranean languages and cultures in secondary education in France, from one perspective, and the multilingual classes of a high school in the network of French educational institutions in abroad, on the other viewpoint. In the methodological and theoretical frame of the didactic of culture and languages and sociolinguistics, we engaged in a comparative approach to these multilingual and multicultural educational contexts and questioned the discourses and representations of the actors in these complex situations
Gallardo, Sarmiento Martha Gabriela. "Le vote au Mexique : la participation politique indienne, le cas d'un district électoral en Puebla." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100080.
Full textThe research is focus on the participation and representation of indigenous people in a federal electoral district recently developed (2005) within electoral processes. The 04 federal electoral district based in Zacapoaxtla is located in the Sierra Norte de Puebla, inhabited by nahuas and totonacs groups. The anthropological point of view offers qualitative instruments for the understanding of the interaction between the State and the indigenous people through different analysis scales: infra-municipal, municipality and district. It is a case study that allows the understanding of the complexity of the vote in rural areas, with the purpose of comprehending the phenomenon of pluralist political arena and political alternation
La investigación se enfoca en la participación y representación política indígena en un distrito electoral federal de nueva creación (2005) en el contexto de los procesos electorales. El distrito electoral 04 con cabecera en Zacapoaxtla se ubica en la Sierra Norte de Puebla, habitado por grupos nahuas y totonacos. La mirada antropológica ofrece las herramientas cualitativas para el análisis de la relación del Estado con los grupos indígenas a través de distintas escalas como: inframunicipal, municipal y distrital. Es un estudio de caso que permite entender la complejidad del voto en un contexto rural, con la intención de comprender los fenómenos de multipartidismo y alternancia política
Badibanga, Kantshiama Joseph Willy. "La dynamique des langues et les représentations sociolinguistiques à Kananga (R. D. Congo) : étude macrolinguistique et microlinguistique." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30099.
Full textKananga,the fourth city of the democratic republic of Congo, in terms of demographic is since its creation at the end of the XIXth century, multilingual. This multilinguism has known diverve forms in history. Many languages, foreign and congolese, have coexisted at a moment or another. Nowdays, the number of used languages in Kananga is estimed at more than sixty languages. However, this city remains largely monocultural and monolingual. The communication in Ciluba is prevailing, followed by French, Lingala and Swahili. However, in official sectors, French is predominant orally, and in its written form in monopolistic situation. This state linguistic politics since the colonial period and diverse favourable and disfavourable reprsentations towards one and another idiom explain greatly the linguistic dynamics at it is presented. Besides, this linguistic politics, though efficacy, needs to be perfected in many aspects
Pagnon, Clemence. "La circonscription législative de Vire sous la Vème République : d'un bastion de la droite à une terre d'alternances. 1958-2012." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC037/document.
Full textThe french legislative division of Vire, in Normandy, is a complex division. It’s composed of different territories with specific electors. Historically, it’s a conservative division. However, the division chose a « left » (labour) deputy, twice, between 1958 and 1952.The goal of our research is to identify and explain the political behaviour of its electors, and reasons why they choose a candidate and not another. All reasons have a different importance between two electors. For example, the national political context, the economic context, or the elector and candidate personalities have different importance if the elector is a minor or a farmer.Quantitative datas are our first source. We use legislative elections results in the division since 1958, and presidential elections results too. We also study electors themselves by means of electoral lists and INSEE sources. Electors identities, and results of each common, written in tables and maps allow us to compare them. Thanks to this, we can draw a political and sociological portrait, during the 5th Republic, of the Vire division, and look at its evolutions. Our second source is less quantitative. We use local press et tracts to study legislative campaign. We use memories too. It shows how electors live in this territory.All these factors have a different importance, however, there is one which seems to be characteristic of Vire division. It appears that the elector likes to know the candidate he has chosen. Its personality is one of the most important factor. It explains Olivier Stirn’s carrier, and other deputies after him. We think it’s one of the reason why the Vire division elected Alain Tourret, twice, its only left (socialist) deputy
Gbato, Maninga. "L'alternance dans la formation professionnelle en Côte d'Ivoire : représentations, enjeux et perspectives : 'cas des mécaniciens automobiles." Rennes 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN20046.
Full textIn Côte d'Ivoire, the system of vocational training is reproached among other things with producing low or not qualified graduates. As a reply to these criticisms, alternative solutions are advocated, namely the introduction of alternation in the training system an its wide application to all training institutions. Everybody will convey to the term alternation in a very simple way their own understanding with much hope sometimes. In front of such a varied and split representation, the building of an ‘ivorian' alternate training system does not omen any good. Our prior objective is to get first of all the actors of the system to “speak the same language” as for the practices of alternation and get them to efficientely appropriate the principles and cognitive strategies of alternation. This research aims at providing answers to the following topics: How do the actors of alternate school view jobs, employment and training? How can the knowledge gap about the other's practices be reduced through alternate school and on the job training? How can trainers (in formal and non formal sectors) be given a greater mastery in ways of learning jobs. . . In alternation? The point being to give the youth a qualification and hence improve the rate of their insertion into active life. The outcomes of this research work are that alternation will be rooted and will develop only if it fits with the new ivoirian social interactions, namely by acknowledging the enterprise as a production place for competencies and a full partner of school. Ways of access to a qualification through alternate training must be varied, related to the different contexts and respectful of the specificities and cultures of the actors of the ivorian socio economic environment
Cruz, Alexandre Azevedo Da Orfeuil Jean-Pierre. "Les expériences de services en Europe quelles conditions pour leur pérennité ? /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2005. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0231211.pdf.
Full textKanyugu, Fidele. "Evaluation et perspective des rapports linguistiques au Burundi dans un contexte géostratégique d'intégration dans la Communauté de l'Afrique de l'Est: D'après une enquête réalisée auprès des Burundais bilingues ayant le kirundi comme langue maternelle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/308339/3/Thesis.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie
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Vassallo, Marc. "Politiques de développement économique dans un contexte d'espace rare : une étude du cas de la principauté de Monaco." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0052.
Full textLack of space represents a considerable constraint to economic development. It can equally constitute a powerful stimulus through the pressing need constantly to increase productivity per square metre. In such conditions, scrupulous attention to the organization and use of the available area on the part of the relevant authorities proves vital and, furthermore, has an indisputable influence on the surrounding region. It is moreover important to verify whether the distinctive features of such places make them an exception to the laws of traditional economic theories. If this is indeed the case, more operational methods will have to be applied in order to inform the political decisions made, within the framework of our study, by the authorities of Monaco
Cruz, Alexandre Azevedo Da. "Les expériences de services en Europe : quelles conditions pour leur pérennité ?" Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002312110204611&vid=upec.
Full textThis work presents a set of proposals in different domains, with the finality to create an organization model for SM (Mobility services) than can ensure them perennity, in order to prevent their dependance from public intervention. These proposals are a result of the in depth analysis and evaluation of a diversity of study cases in Europe, Japan, and United-States. Among these case studies fourteenth have been studied with special attention. They represent success, failure or mixed result cases. We have also analyzed the evolution of Public Transports, sustainable modes and SM in the last four decades, so as the conditions that allowed the development of SM in Europe. Finally, and in parallel to the proposals to construct an organization model for SM, we also propose some criteria to follow-up and evaluate SM. We used the diverse proposals in order to built an organization model for SM in the Ile-de-France region, as well as a sustainable financing plan for SM in this region
Bouzidi, Mohamed. "Périurbanisation et déplacements : migration alternante et recomposition résidentielle dans le nord-ouest lyonnais : vers une maîtrise du trafic automobile." Lyon 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO31026.
Full textPeriurbanization goes hand in hand with the growth of car traffic. This result from a residential choice dispersed and disseminated in low-density spaces. Distances between place of residence and place of work increase and hinder less and less mobility thanks to high rate of travel. Present range of planning tools keep being developed without regard for the interface between town planning and movements. As a result, blocking of the main thoroughfares in built-up areas and traffic congestion lengthen duration and distance. Northwest Lyons constitutes an area that consolidates the complexity of current management of town planning and movement. The main question of this volume is to ask to which extent a coherent cooperation in a larger area can contribute to facilitate a periurban development focused on shared transport, and to question problems that block this cooperation’s implementation
Mulumba, Tshitoko Martin. "La conception de la fonction présidentielle en République démocratique du Congo." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D052.
Full textIn a country where power is conquered and maintained only by force, the office of President of the Republic is in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, that of an elected representative of the people without really being one; de facto he exercises the power of an absolute monarch. Since its independence in June 1960, the Democratic Republic of the Congo has chosen elections as the only means of devolving political power, particularly for the presidential office, which has never experimented democratic political change The use of force has become technically the ultimate means of accessing power since the military coup d'état in November 1965 by Lieutenant General Mobutu which finally deposed Joseph Kasa-Vubu who had been democratically elected in June 1960 by the two houses of Parliament. Laurent Désiré Kabila 's conquest relying on weapons power in May 1997 can then be explained. Then Major General Joseph Ka bila took over from his father. He inherited the presidency of the Republic of the Congo like a prince would do in January 2001, though Congo being a democratic republic! The Democratic Republic of Congo has become a great village and a great modern chiefdom, organized around a man, having the monopoly of authority and claiming the grace and sacredness of power (chief) of the traditional chiefdoms, which he regularly combines with the patrimonialist and monarchist habitus inherited from King Leopold Il, but it seems to be a State of law only in the texts. The Congolese president is none other than a monarch at the head of a Republic, he has personalized the state, concentrated ail state powers and exercised the presidential function without admitting or tolerating any counter-power
Berroir, Sandrine. "Concentration et polarisation : vers une nouvelle organisation des espaces urbanisés : étude comparative des grandes villes françaises." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010513.
Full textSummary the city is spreading, always farther from the center of the urban area. The process in itself is not new, but its recent intensity and its increasing spatial range lead to a new questioning aabout the meaning of the city. In the same time, the cities, especially the largest ones, are still marked by a trend of concentration, leading to problems of saturation of the centers. The joint effects of these two apparently opposite processes, concentration and spreading, increase the complexity of the spatial structures and the functioning of the urbanized areas. This work is based upon a comparative study of new urbanization forms found in the french cities of more than 100 000 inhabitants. We show that the spatial extension of the cities has been increasing for 20 years without leading to a scattering of the city. In a first step, is proposed a reflection on what can be considered as an urban area, in the sense of the area where the center has a direct influence. It leads to propose to work on the area under urban influence, as the basic study object rather than the classical urban areas. In a second step, the spatial structures of population and employment in those areas are characterized, using the repartition of the urban densities and their recent dynamics. Then, in thoses large and complex urban entities, the structuring of the spatial interactions that give them a cohesion is analysed. Communtings between home and workplace are used in this purpose. In a spreading context, the power of the center is still dominating. The components of the maintaining of this major principle of cohesion are analysed at different scales : intra-urban,intra-regional and inter-urban
Kanyugu, Fidele. "Evaluation et Perspectives des rapports linguistiques au Burundi dans un contexte d'intégration dans la Communauté de l'Afrique de l'Est: D'après une enquête effectuée des Burundais bilingues ayant le kirundi comme langue maternelle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/267912/3/Cover.pdf.
Full textA study of linguage compétition and language policies as well as attitudes and perceptions of the Burundian elite showed insights over digglossic relations between French, as the former colonial language, and Kirundi, the local language that is spoken by almost the entire population. In fact, there is still a very clear share of functions between the two languages, with French being the language of the written form and used for role-relation conversations such as between an employer/employee, teacher/student, etc. while Kirundi keeps its bigger share in oral conversations and within the social domains. I addition, the elite’s speech is characterized a practice of code alternation that reflects their attitudes vis-à-vis the two languages. French is barely used in oral conversations while Kirundi is not clearly engaging in the competition for functions which are normally occupied by official languages.In addition, the current trend in language policies of Burundi is to respond to external demands, including those of the East-African Community (EAC) which is rather an Anglophone entity, by putting forward English and Swahili languages without taking measures that could ensure coexistence of a local language for the internal development and a language of opportunities and openness to the external world.
Doctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Menezes, Rachel Reis. "As escolas comunitárias rurais no município de Jaguaré : um estudo sobre a expansão da pedagogia da alternância no Estado do Espírito Santo/Brasil." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6051.
Full textAnalisa a contribuição das Escolas Comunitárias Rurais Municipais de Jaguaré na expansão da Pedagogia da Alternância em municípios do norte do Estado do Espírito Santo. Parte da seguinte pergunta: Qual a contribuição das Escolas Comunitárias Rurais Municipais de Jaguaré na expansão/criação de escolas em alternância em municípios do norte do Estado do Espírito Santo? Com base em fontes documentais analisa a implantação dessa modalidade educativa no Estado do Espírito Santo, focalizando a inspiração ideológica, a construção da identidade ou contextualização crítica, o processo de adaptação à legislação educacional brasileira e a sua expansão pelo Brasil. Dialogando com abordagens qualitativas de pesquisa em educação, foram realizadas análise documental, entrevistas (estruturadas e semi estruturadas) e observação participante. No bojo desta investigação discutem-se conceitos, tais como: Pedagogia da Alternância, parceria, Educação do Campo, políticas públicas e paradigmas. Entre os principais achados do estudo, destaca-se o fato de que essas escolas contribuíram através do testemunho histórico de que é possível trabalhar a Pedagogia da Alternância em escolas públicas. Contribuíram também com a ruptura em relação ao modelo das Escolas Famílias Agrícolas e a pedagogia do campo tradicional, sobretudo superando alguns paradigmas, como: a existência da grande propriedade e o internato. A complexidade e a riqueza do objeto de estudo permitem afirmar que é relevante a formação inicial e continuada das equipes de educadores dos Centros Familiares de Formação em Alternância, a formação das coordenações pedagógicas das Secretarias de Educação, das famílias e dos membros das associações ou conselhos de escolas que favoreçam a reapropriação crítica dos princípios e dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Pedagogia da Alternância por parte dos principais atores dessa modalidade educativa
Analyse la contribution des Écoles Communautaires Rurales Municipales de Jaguaré dans l expansion de la pédagogie de l alternance dans les villes du nord de l État du Espírito Santo. Le point de depart est la question suivante: Quelle est la contribution des Écoles Communautaires Rurales Municipales de Jaguaré dans l expansion/création d écoles en alternance dans les villes du nord de l État de Espírito Santo? Basé sur des sources documentaires, examine la mise en oeuvre de cette méthode d enseignement dans l Espírito Santo, en se concentrant sur l inspiration idéologique, dans la construction de l identité ou la contextualisation critique, le processus d adaptation à la législation sur l éducation brésilien et son expansion au Brésil. En dialogant avec les approches de recherche qualitative en éducation, nous avons fait de l analyse documentalle, entrevues (structurées et semi-structurées) et de l observation participante. Au coeur de cette recherche sont discutés des concepts tels que: pédagogie de l alternance, partenariat, éducation rurale, politiques publiques et paradigmes. Parmi les principales conclusions de l étude est possible souligner le fait que ces écoles ont contribué par des temoinages historiques qu il est possible de travailler la pédagogie de l alternance dans les écoles publiques. Également, elles ont contribué à la rupture entre les écoles familiales agricoles et le «modèle» de la pédagogie de campagne traditionnelle, et, surtout, a surmonter certains paradigmes tels que l existence de la grande propriété et l pensionat. La complexité et la richesse de l objet d étude nous permettent d affirmer qui est pertinente pour la formation initiale et continue des équipes d éducateurs des Centres Familles de Formation en Alternance, la formation de las coordinations pedagogiques des départements de l ducation, des familles et des membres de las associations ou des conseils d écoles, une formation qui encouragent la réappropriation critique des principes et des pressuposées théoriques et méthodologiques de la pédagogie de l alternance par les principaux acteurs de cette méthode d enseignement
Sompougdou, Ouéoguin Jean-Marie. "L'alternance démocratique dans les constitutions des Etats de l'Afrique noire francophone : cas du Bénin, du Burkina Faso et du Sénégal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0350.
Full textAt present cases Burkinabè, Beninese and Senegalese, we propose to analyze the constitutional and electoral rules that determine the mode of accession and the exercise of state power. It raises the question of the role of these rules and these institutions in the avenue of the democratic alternation and that of the social environment and the policy of the audit and the authority of the constitutional judges in its advent or his questioning on the other hand. The United States has, in fact, opposed standards and institutions. They have been authenticated by democratic electoral institutions. This is a new time of a new constitution, is this is a self-review, as to it, as work of the building of the edition of 1990, as-it-it-it be carriers of institutions able to promote the occurrence of democratic alternation. As we can see, the constitutional order is today constantly paraded. The constitutional impulse that has propelled states towards the path of constitutional democracy has halted or slowed down in many states in favor of a pregnant presidentialism, but it is also observed that 'democratic alternation has been experienced, democratic conquests have not have not been followed by the satisfaction of the social demands that have yet been inspired. The Thesis, while finger-pointing on the flaws of normal and institutional, so that the manipulations are directed towards norms, also insists on the figure of the constitutional judge
Robert-Meunier, Patrick. "Nature de la réforme constitutionnelle de 1999 au Venezuela." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23483.
Full textSouare, Issaka K. "Les partis politiques de l'opposition en Afrique de l'Ouest et leur quête pour le pouvoir d'État : les cas du Bénin, du Ghana et de la Guinée." Thèse, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3534/1/D1961.pdf.
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