To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Alternative and sustainable material.
Journal articles on the topic 'Alternative and sustainable material'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Alternative and sustainable material.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Delcasse, Myriam Marie, Rahul V, Abhilash C, and Pavan M K. "Papercrete Bricks An Alternative Sustainable Building Material." International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications 07, no. 03 (March 2017): 09–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/9622-0703060914.
Full text
2
Latupeirissa, Hendrico Firzandy, Gierlang Bhakti Putra, and Niki Prastomo. "RECYCLED BRICK SOUNDPROOF TEST AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUSTAINABLE MATERIAL." Ultimart: Jurnal Komunikasi Visual 13, no. 2 (December 22, 2020): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/ultimart.v13i2.1802.
Full textAbstract:
Brick debris that makes up the majority of construction waste has not received proper waste disposal in Indonesia. On the other hand, brick debris could be potentially reused as non-structural building materials to reduce its negative impact on the environment. This study aims to test the effectiveness of soundproofing on recycled brick debris. The soundproof test was carried out on brick debris in the form of fine and coarse grains. The simulation box is then used as a support for the brickwork material and then the box is exposed to a sound source with a certain level of noise that is considered disturbing human comfort. Noise level measurements are made in the outside and inside the box. These measurements are tabulated and then analyzed to see the success of the two aggregates in reducing noise. Basically, the brickwork material has succeeded in becoming a recycled building material that can absorb noise, although further research must be carried out to be able to state that this material is truly ready to be used as an alternative building material with good acoustic capabilities.
3
Viskovic, Alberto. "Hemp Cables, a Sustainable Alternative to Harmonic Steel for Cable Nets." Resources 7, no. 4 (November 5, 2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources7040070.
Full textAbstract:
Recent developments in the field of materials engineering have allowed for the use of natural materials for common structural elements, instead of traditional materials, such as steel or concrete. In this context, hemp is a very interesting material for structural building design. This paper proposes the use of hemp cables for roofs with hyperbolic paraboloid cable nets, which sees the use of a sustainable material for structure, thus having a very low environmental impact, in terms of structural thickness and amount of material. The paper discusses five different plan sizes and two different hyperbolic paraboloid surface radius of curvatures. The cable traction, which gives the cable net stiffness, was varied in order to give a parametric database of structural response. Three dimensional geometrically nonlinear analyses were carried out on different geometries (i.e., 10), cable net stiffnesses (i.e., 8), and materials (i.e., 2). Traditional harmonic steel and hemp cables are compared, in terms of vertical displacements and natural periods under dead and permanent loads.
4
Vincevica-Gaile, Zane, Tonis Teppand, Mait Kriipsalu, Maris Krievans, Yahya Jani, Maris Klavins, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi, et al. "Towards Sustainable Soil Stabilization in Peatlands: Secondary Raw Materials as an Alternative." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 14, 2021): 6726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126726.
Full textAbstract:
Implementation of construction works on weak (e.g., compressible, collapsible, expansive) soils such as peatlands often is limited by logistics of equipment and shortage of available and applicable materials. If preloading or floating roads on geogrid reinforcement or piled embankments cannot be implemented, then soil stabilization is needed. Sustainable soil stabilization in an environmentally friendly way is recommended instead of applying known conventional methods such as pure cementing or excavation and a single replacement of soils. Substitution of conventional material (cement) and primary raw material (lime) with secondary raw material (waste and byproducts from industries) corresponds to the Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations, preserves resources, saves energy, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Besides traditional material usage, soil stabilization is achievable through various secondary raw materials (listed according to their groups and subgroups): 1. thermally treated waste products: 1.1. ashes from agriculture production; 1.2. ashes from energy production; 1.3. ashes from various manufacturing; 1.4. ashes from waste processing; 1.5. high carbon content pyrolysis products; 2. untreated waste and new products made from secondary raw materials: 2.1. waste from municipal waste biological treatment and landfills; 2.2. waste from industries; 3. new products made from secondary raw materials: 3.1. composite materials. Efficient solutions in environmental engineering may eliminate excessive amounts of waste and support innovation in the circular economy for sustainable future.
5
Kumar, Shiva, Jay Singh, Jogendra Siyag, and Srikar Rambhatla. "Potential Alternative Materials used in Evaporative Coolers for Sustainable Energy Applications: A Review." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 28, no. 04 (October 21, 2020): 2030006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132520300062.
Full textAbstract:
In hot climatic conditions, increased energy consumption toward cooling has led to the development of evaporative coolers. The performance of evaporative cooler depends on the various material and operating parameters. Type of material selected for cooling pad is the most important factor among them. In this study, various types of cooling pad materials have been discussed based on their potential benefits, influence on the cooling performance like characteristics wettability, porosity, water holding capacity and cost. It is seen that organic- and fiber-based materials have been extensively used, whereas the studies related to materials based on plastics and metals are limited. Ideal material properties to be possessed by a good pad material have been discussed. Prospects and future scope for further research have been identified. Hence, this review paper certainly throws some light on the selection criteria for a potential alternative evaporative cooling pad material that shows the maximum cooling performance and helps achieve sustainable cooling in buildings.
6
Cohen, Ehud, Gabriela Bar Nes, and Alva Peled. "Development of Sustainable Alternative Building Materials from Quarry Dust." Key Engineering Materials 761 (January 2018): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.761.181.
Full textAbstract:
The main goal of our work is to develop an alternative building material based on “zero waste” objective, thus creating commercially valuable products from materials that are otherwise high-volume waste products. Fine dolomitic quarry dust is a waste product manufactured in several millions of cubic tons each year in the mining industry of Israel. Our study examines a sustainable and useful solution to use this quarry dust (QD) as a part of fly ash based geopolymeric systems. Mechanical, thermal and chemical properties were examined and analyzed.
7
Mansour, Ashraf Mansour Habib, and Subhi A. Ali. "Reusing waste plastic bottles as an alternative sustainable building material." Energy for Sustainable Development 24 (February 2015): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2014.11.001.
Full text
8
Shen, Jian Hu, Mike Xie, Xiao Dong Huang, Shi Wei Zhou, and Dong Ruan. "Luffa Sponge as a Sustainable Engineering Material." Applied Mechanics and Materials 238 (November 2012): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.238.3.
Full textAbstract:
The paper presents the first scientific study of the stiffness, strength and energy absorption characteristics of the luffa sponge with a view to using it as an alternative sustainable engineering material for various practical applications. A series of compression tests on luffa sponge columns have been carried out. The stress-strain curves show a near constant plateau stress over a long strain range, which is ideal for energy absorption applications. It is found that the luffa sponge material exhibits remarkable stiffness, strength and energy absorption capacity that are comparable to those of some commonly-used metallic cellular materials. These properties are due to its light-weight base material, and its structural hierarchy at several length scales. Empirical formulae have been developed for stiffness, strength, densification strain and specific energy absorption at the macroscopic level by considering the luffa fiber as the base material. A comparative study shows that the luffa sponge material outperforms a variety of traditional engineering materials.
9
Reddy, L. Sudheer, A. Suchith Reddy, and S. Sunil Pratap Reddy. "A Quantitative Approach to Prioritize Sustainable Concrete." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 12 (December 3, 2019): 2579–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091434.
Full textAbstract:
Cement industry consumes high energy and produces major emissions to the environment. In order to reduce the effects (environmental impact, energy, and resources) caused by conventional materials, various by-products and pozzolonic material are used to achieve sustainable concrete. Assessing the concrete performance based on multiple conflicting attributes is decisive and compelling. It is difficult to choose an alternative among the Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) considering a set of quantitative performance attributes. Hence, the present study utilizes the theories of decision making to prioritize an alternative environmentally and technologically. The purpose of the present study is to observe the sustainable performance of five different concretes made of OPC, Fly ash, GGBS, Metakaolin and Composite Cement for a particular grade of concrete. The study has considered workability, strength attribute (compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength) and durability attribute (Sorptivity and RCPT) at their respective optimum replacements. To prioritize an alternative material considering quantitative attributes, Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is utilized. From the results, it is observed that considering all attributes, flyash based concrete has higher performance and is prioritized among others. The developed approach facilitates the decision-makers in the selection of a sustainable alternative.
10
Játiva, Andrés, Evelyn Ruales, and Miren Etxeberria. "Volcanic Ash as a Sustainable Binder Material: An Extensive Review." Materials 14, no. 5 (March 8, 2021): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051302.
Full textAbstract:
The construction industry is affected by the constant growth in the populations of urban areas. The demand for cement production has an increasing environmental impact, and there are urgent demands for alternative sustainable solutions. Volcanic ash (VA) is an abundant low-cost material that, because of its chemical composition and amorphous atomic structure, has been considered as a suitable material to replace Portland cement clinker for use as a binder in cement production. In the last decade, there has been interest in using alkali-activated VA material as an alternative material to replace ordinary Portland cement. In this way, a valuable product may be derived from a currently under-utilized material. Additionally, alkali-activated VA-based materials may be suitable for building applications because of their good densification behaviour, mechanical properties and low porosity. This article describes the most relevant findings from researchers around the world on the role of the chemical composition and mineral contents of VA on reactivity during the alkali-activation reaction; the effect of synthesis factors, which include the concentration of the alkaline activator, the solution-to-binder ratio and the curing conditions, on the properties of alkali-activated VA-based materials; and the mechanical performance and durability properties of these materials.
11
Stanaszek-Tomal, Elżbieta. "Bacterial Concrete as a Sustainable Building Material?" Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 17, 2020): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020696.
Full textAbstract:
The right selection of building materials plays an important role when designing a building to fall within the definition of sustainable development. One of the most commonly used construction materials is concrete. Its production causes a high energy burden on the environment. Concrete is susceptible to external factors. As a result, cracks occur in the material. Achieving its durability along with the assumptions of sustainable construction means there is a need to use an environmentally friendly and effective technique of alternative crack removal in the damaged material. Bacterial self-healing concrete reduces costs in terms of detection of damage and maintenance of concrete structures, thus ensuring a safe lifetime of the structure. Bacterial concrete can improve its durability. However, it is not currently used on an industrial scale. The high cost of the substrates used means that they are not used on an industrial scale. Many research units try to reduce production costs through various methods; however, bacterial concrete can be an effective response to sustainability.
12
Mahmoud, Doaa, and mohammad Farag. "Tea wastes as an Alternative Sustainable Raw Material for Ethanol Production." Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 63, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejchem.2020.21785.2293.
Full text
13
Çubukçuoğlu, Beste. "Use of Steel Industry By-products in Sustainable Civil Engineering Applications." E3S Web of Conferences 161 (2020): 01117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016101117.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of sustainability has been growing for many years. In parallel to this popularity, the use of sustainable materials in the construction industry has increased significantly. Sustainable construction materials should be proposed and introduced to the construction industry, mostly as a replacement for cement. Cement is one of the most commonly used construction materials, which produces very high carbon emissions. As the most widely used building material in the world, concrete is predominantly comprised of cement. Therefore, sustainable alternative constituents to cement are required. This study focuses on alternative materials to cement and additionally, alternative materials to naturally available aggregates. The physical, chemical characteristics and mineralogical properties of the proposed materials are investigated and the results are demonstrated in this research study. The findings highlight the environmental and economic potential of replacing cement and other binding materials with steel slag.
14
Scragg, Jonathan J., Philip J. Dale, Laurence M. Peter, Guillaume Zoppi, and Ian Forbes. "New routes to sustainable photovoltaics: evaluation of Cu2ZnSnS4as an alternative absorber material." physica status solidi (b) 245, no. 9 (September 2008): 1772–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssb.200879539.
Full text
15
Thornquist, Clemens. "Unemotional Design: An Alternative Approach to Sustainable Design." Design Issues 33, no. 4 (October 2017): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00463.
Full textAbstract:
Conspicuous consumption of products is problematic for the development of a sustainable relationship to cultural and natural resources. Drawing on an emotional design approach, this study explores emotional conditions involved in the buying phase of socially visible products used in a typically expressive consumption activity. Through an extreme character approach, impulsive and compulsive buying is explored to expose principal and generic emotional conditions in the drive for new design products. The study demonstrates a range of primary negative emotional conditions or emotional fluctuations related to anxiety, mood, and self-esteem in the buying of appearance-related products. In conclusion, to achieve a more sustainable consumer relationship with fashion-conditioned material goods, the study reveals a need for unemotional design to acquire emotional detachment, rather than design to acquire emotional attachment.
16
Kozłowicz, Katarzyna, Sybilla Nazarewicz, Dariusz Góral, Anna Krawczuk, and Marek Domin. "Lyophilized Protein Structures as an Alternative Biodegradable Material for Food Packaging." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (December 8, 2019): 7002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11247002.
Full textAbstract:
Considering the need for sustainable development in packaging production and environmental protection, a material based on lyophilized protein structures intended for frozen food packaging was produced and its selected thermophysical properties were characterized. Analyses of density, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity were performed and strength tests were carried out for lyophilized protein structures with the addition of xanthan gum and carboxymethyl cellulose. Packagings were made of new materials for their comparative assessment. Then, the surface temperature distribution during thawing of the deep-frozen product inside the packaging was tested. In terms of thermal insulation capacity, the best properties were obtained for sample B4 with a thermal conductivity of λ = 0.06 W∙(mK)−1), thermal capacity C = 0.29 (MJ∙(m3K)−1) and thermal diffusivity a = 0.21 (mm2∙s−1). The density and hardness of the obtained lyophilized protein structures were significantly lower compared to foamed polystyrene used as a reference material. Thermal imaging analysis of the packaging showed the occurrence of local freezing. Lyophilized protein structures obtained from natural ingredients meet the needs of consumers and are environmentally friendly. These were made in accordance with the principles of sustainable development and can be an alternative material used for the production of frozen food packaging.
17
Oravcová, Eva. "Construction in the Trend of Sustainability_Wooden Houses with Integrated Photovoltaic Systems." Advanced Materials Research 899 (February 2014): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.899.209.
Full textAbstract:
In the architecture design is indispensable to extend the technology and materials, environmentally friendly, energy saving or energy capable (clean, no fumes) produce. The solution appears to be a combination of natural construction materials - primarily wood for timber constructions, wood products as a sustainable material and the use of alternative energy sources, in the building industry (addition to other) mainly photovoltaic (PV) installations. One of possibility for building industry appears to be use of natural construction materials - primarily the use of wood and wood products (as a sustainable material) for build a timber constructions and simultaneously the use of alternative energy sources (in building industry addition to other) mainly photovoltaic installations. The article refers to the possibilities of integration of PV systems in architecture in their various forms of application into the roofs and facades.
18
Josiah Marut, Johnson, John Okwe ALAEZI, and Igwe Christopher OBEKA. "A Review of Alternative Building Materials for Sustainable Construction Towards Sustainable Development." Journal of Modern Materials 7, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/jmm.7.1.68-78.
Full textAbstract:
The study reviewed Alternative Building Materials for sustainable construction towards sustainable development. The study was able to identify some Alternative Building Materials, their features, classes (types), and importance for sustainable construction toward sustainable development. The study uses a systematic literature review and content analysis. Some of the Alternative Building Materials include laterite soil, brick wastes, rice husk ash burnt refuse ash, fly ash, periwinkle shell powder, earthworm cast, pulverized burned clay, periwinkle shell aggregate, tubali, earth/mud blocks or bricks, laterite blocks, bamboo for roofing & ceiling, palm front roofing, clay/mud plaster. The classes of the Alternative Building Materials include: modified conventional industrial materials, unconventional/ indigenous/ traditional materials, and modified unconventional/traditional indigenous materials. The features of sustainable construction materials include recyclability, insulation and thermal conductivity and deconstruct ability, availability, manufacturing and price, flexibility and high life time expectancy. The importance of Alternative Building Materials includes: the protection of the environment through reduce energy use and also cutting down CO2 emission, provision of affordable housing, energy conservation, meeting increasing demands for housing stock, provision of employment opportunities, the development and propagation of indigenous technological ingenuity and skills of our local people. The study advocates for the integration of the entire stakeholders in the construction industry towards utilisation of Alternative Building Materials for sustainable construction towards sustainable development. The study also advocates for the cataloguing of all Alternative Building Materials so as to create awareness to all the potential clients and stakeholders of the industry regarding their availability and importance.
19
Gupta, Abhinandan R., and S. K. Deshmukh. "Innovative Sustainable Materials – Structural Stability Check of Various Waste Mix Concrete Material." Key Engineering Materials 666 (October 2015): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.666.47.
Full textAbstract:
With the Industrial revolution and modernization, many other issues related to it are also increasing. Problems of resource exploitation, pollution etc. has emerged as global issue and matter of high concern. Out of various industries, construction industry is one such sector which contributes highly for problems like emission of green house gases into atmosphere. Materials like cement, steel, bricks are highly energy intensive materials. Many of the conventional materials and technology options for building construction do not meet sustainability criteria. Lesser use of theses material and alternative environmentally friendly material contributes significantly in reducing CO2 gas emission and problems associated with it. The strategy of 3R that is Reduce, Reuse and Recycle is one of the important techniques in the construction industry to achieve the sustainability. The same strategy is applied in this research work for finding appropriate substitute for major construction resource that is concrete and on basis of experimental strength results and property findings, the structural stability of various waste mix concrete elements is analyzed and designed so as to find corresponding changes in RCC design if any appears. The comparative results of analysis and design for various such percentage replaced waste mix concrete is highlighted. The analysis and design results obtained on the basis of innovative materials having specimen properties are fair enough for utilizing in construction practices.
20
Nara, E. O. B., J. A. R. Moraes, A. M. V. de Freitas, G. Rediske, and G. B. Benitez. "Addition of alternative materials to ceramic slabs." Cerâmica 60, no. 355 (September 2014): 340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69132014000300005.
Full textAbstract:
The construction market is very growing, leading to the emergence of new technologies and materials, and a growing need for sustainable products for the construction process, and the call for quality of life we present the description of a new option alternative materials for environments that require careful with the acoustics. The research covers the development and incorporation of new material in construction, with the potential acoustic, from tests and measurements with calibrated decibel meter called. We also used the ceramic tiles pre-molded, used for making floors or ceilings in buildings and homes. The methodology used for the development of this research was characterized as literature, exploratory, descriptive, qualitative and quantitative, alternative and affordable. How after the analysis results of the tests performed it can be seen that the incorporation of rice hulls of agglomerated to form ceramic tiles, possible reductions in noise levels on the order of 8 dB (A) than the traditional construction of the buildings, and then an excellent material. This research contributes to the construction so that presented a description of a new product developed from a conventional material, originating in agriculture, waste rice husk and its incorporation during the construction of buildings and home, with the potential acoustic observed from tests and measurements with calibrated decibel meter called.
21
Ganesh, Bharathi, H. Sharada Bai, Ramaswamy Nagendra, and Shivaram Bagade. "Pond Ash: An Alternative Material as Fine Aggregate in Concrete for Sustainable Construction." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 1071–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.1071.
Full textAbstract:
Consequent upon increased generation of electricity through thermal route involving combustion of pulverized coal/ignite, concurrent generation of fly ash/pond ash in bulk quantities is a matter of serious concern not only because of issues associated with its disposal and utilization, but also because of its threat to public health and ecology. Though a lot of research has been carried out for the effective utilization of flyash like its use in construction industry etc, little literature is available on pond ash utilization particularly its use as a constituent material for concrete in construction industry. Hence pond ash - a waste material, if supplements shortage of fine aggregate (river sand) in mortar and concrete, reduces the demand for disposal of thermal power plant waste, reduces its environmental impact with proper utilization of huge quantity of waste in construction industry. Researches are being carried out worldwide which shows the suitability of Pond Ash as FA. This paper summerises various characteristics of Pond Ash as fine aggregate in concrete with its engineering properties such as its shape, gradation, texture, physical, chemical and also morphological aspects when used in concrete
22
Schoon, Joris, Luc Van der Heyden, Pierre Eloy, Eric M. Gaigneux, Klaartje De Buysser, Isabel Van Driessche, and Nele De Belie. "Waste fibrecement: An interesting alternative raw material for a sustainable Portland clinker production." Construction and Building Materials 36 (November 2012): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.095.
Full text
23
Lamm, Meghan E., Lu Wang, Vidya Kishore, Halil Tekinalp, Vlastimil Kunc, Jinwu Wang, Douglas J. Gardner, and Soydan Ozcan. "Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of Wood and Lignocellulosic Filled Composites." Polymers 12, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 2115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092115.
Full textAbstract:
Wood and lignocellulosic-based material components are explored in this review as functional additives and reinforcements in composites for extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing. The motivation for using these sustainable alternatives in 3D printing includes enhancing material properties of the resulting printed parts, while providing a green alternative to carbon or glass filled polymer matrices, all at reduced material costs. Previous review articles on this topic have focused only on introducing the use of natural fillers with material extrusion AM and discussion of their subsequent material properties. This review not only discusses the present state of materials extrusion AM using natural filler-based composites but will also fill in the knowledge gap regarding state-of-the-art applications of these materials. Emphasis will also be placed on addressing the challenges associated with 3D printing using these materials, including use with large-scale manufacturing, while providing insight to overcome these issues in the future.
24
Nam, Changhyun, and Young-A. Lee. "Multilayered Cellulosic Material as a Leather Alternative in the Footwear Industry." Clothing and Textiles Research Journal 37, no. 1 (June 21, 2018): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887302x18784214.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to develop a biodegradable material that could be used as a leather alternative material for the footwear industry, leading to reduce the negative environmental impact. Using an experimental research design, the researchers developed a multilayered cellulosic material (MCM) by bonding nonwoven cellulosic fiber mat, denim fabric, and hemp fabric and examined its properties compared with those of two-layered leathers, consisting of calf and pigskins (multilayered calf and pigskin leather [MCPL]), often used in the footwear industry. We hypothesized these two materials would have similar properties. No significant mean differences were found between MCM and MCPL in total heat loss and break force. The values of air permeability, evaporative potential, and permeability index of MCM were higher than those of MCPL. The findings of this study confirm the effectiveness of MCM for use as a leather alternative material when developing sustainable shoes and provide insights to the footwear industry.
25
Putra, A., Y. Abdullah, H. Efendy, W. M. F. W. Mohamad, and N. L. Salleh. "Biomass from Paddy Waste Fibers as Sustainable Acoustic Material." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2013 (November 7, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/605932.
Full textAbstract:
Utilization of biomass for green products is still progressing in the effort to provide alternative clean technology. This paper presents the utilization of natural waste fibers from paddy as acoustic material. Samples of sound absorbing material from paddy waste fibers were fabricated. The effect of the fiber density, that is, the fiber weight and the sample thickness, and also the air gap on the sound absorption coefficient is investigated through experiment. The paddy fibers are found to have good acoustic performance with normal incidence absorption coefficient greater than 0.5 from 1 kHz and can reach the average value of 0.8 above 2.5 kHz. This result is comparable against that of the commercial synthetic glass wool. Attachment of a single layer of polyester fabric is shown to further increase the absorption coefficient.
26
Lampo, Richard, Thomas Napier, and Richard Schneider. "Sustainable Building Materials for the Prevention of Corrosion." Advanced Materials Research 38 (March 2008): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.38.93.
Full textAbstract:
Billions of dollars are spent each year in the construction, operation, and maintenance of military facilities. Directives have come from the highest Commands to make our military installations more “sustainable.” Sustainable facilities can equate to reduced wastes (use of products with a recycled content), extended service life (more durable, reduced degradation), operational cost savings (more efficient energy usage), reduced costs for initial installation, reduced lifecycle costs, and increased quality of life. Many sustainable building products and systems are now available that can be used in place of the more traditional material systems but which are more resistant to corrosion and materials degradation than the traditional materials for the same applications. Yet the use of these sustainable alternative materials is limited typically because to the lack of awareness of their availability and/or knowledge of the potential benefits that they might offer. This paper describes some of these available sustainable materials and material systems and the potential cost savings and increased operational reliability they can offer in applications ranging from barracks and office space for the soldier in garrison to bridges and lines of communication in theater.
27
D’Angelo, Gigliola, Marina Fumo, Mercedes del Rio Merino, Ilaria Capasso, Assunta Campanile, Fabio Iucolano, Domenico Caputo, and Barbara Liguori. "Crushed Bricks: Demolition Waste as a Sustainable Raw Material for Geopolymers." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 7572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147572.
Full textAbstract:
Demolition activity plays an important role in the total energy consumption of the construction industry in the European Union. The indiscriminate use of non-renewable raw materials, energy consumption, and unsustainable design has led to a redefinition of the criteria to ensure environmental protection. This article introduces an experimental plan that determines the viability of a new type of construction material, obtained from crushed brick waste, to be introduced into the construction market. The potential of crushed brick waste as a raw material in the production of building precast products, obtained by curing a geopolymeric blend at 60 °C for 3 days, has been exploited. Geopolymers represent an important alternative in reducing emissions and energy consumption, whilst, at the same time, achieving a considerable mechanical performance. The results obtained from this study show that the geopolymers produced from crushed brick were characterized by good properties in terms of open porosity, water absorption, mechanical strength, and surface resistance values when compared to building materials produced using traditional technologies.
28
bin Mohmad Shariff, Mohamad Shakri Shariff, and Muhammad Siddiq Farouq bin Md Noor. "Incorporating Waste Material in Road Construction for Sustainable Development." Defect and Diffusion Forum 382 (January 2018): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.382.235.
Full textAbstract:
Waste materials such as Pulverized Fuel Ash (PFA) is a possible alternative to reduce disposal activities and this study is to investigate suitability of PFA by conducting three laboratory tests namely unconfined compression test (UCT), shear box test (SBT) and plate load test. Both UCT and SBT to determine the optimum configuration of PFA that able to achieve the highest percentage of strength of PFA-cement-sand column, meanwhile plate load test is to study the effectiveness of using PFA-cement-sand column in the aspect of the bearing capacity for soft soil. In this study, it was investigated that by using the right configuration of PFA, cement and sand, it can produce a good product of sand column for the purpose of road construction. The highest shear strength was recorded is 93.51 kPa and the proportion of materials is 12%: 60: 28% (ratio of cement: PFA: sand).
29
Rautray, Priyabrata, Avik Roy, Deepak John Mathew, and Boris Eisenbart. "Bio-Brick - Development of Sustainable and Cost Effective Building Material." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 3171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.324.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractBuilding construction is one of the fastest growing industries in India and it puts a huge burden on its limited natural resources. Fired clay bricks are one of the major constituent materials for the construction industry and it produces a huge amount of greenhouse gases. This research tries to highlight the use of alternative materials and how they can be modulated to suit the Indian construction industry. Bio-brick or agro-waste based brick is one such material that has the potential to be a sustainable and cost-effective solution. It acts as good heat and sound insulator and at the same time has overall negative carbon footprint. Additionally, it also acts as a deterrent to stubble burning, prevalent in northern India which causes severe air pollution. Due to its low density, it reduces dead load in high rise structures, thereby making RCC construction more economical. The study also highlights the use of Bio-brick in various areas of a structure. Another important objective of this research is to inspire and motivate architects, designers, researchers and builders to encourage and support the development of such sustainable and eco-sensitive material in construction industry.
30
Čuláková, Monika, Silvia Vilčeková, Jana Katunská, and Eva Krídlová Burdová. "Multicriteria Decision Analysis of Material Selection of High Energy Performance Residential Building." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 8, no. 2 (November 1, 2013): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sspjce-2013-0023.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In world with limited amount of energy sources and with serious environmental pollution, interest in comparing the environmental embodied impacts of buildings using different structure systems and alternative building materials will be increased. This paper shows the significance of life cycle energy and carbon perspective and the material selection in reducing energy consumption and emissions production in the built environment. The study evaluates embodied environmental impacts of nearly zero energy residential structures. The environmental assessment uses framework of LCA within boundary: cradle to gate. Designed alternative scenarios of material compositions are also assessed in terms of energy effectiveness through selected thermal-physical parameters. This study uses multi-criteria decision analysis for making clearer selection between alternative scenarios. The results of MCDA show that alternative E from materials on nature plant base (wood, straw bales, massive wood panel) present possible way to sustainable perspective of nearly zero energy houses in Slovak republic
31
Chaussinand, Adrien. "Straw Bale: An Innovative Sustainable Material in Construction." Key Engineering Materials 632 (November 2014): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.632.69.
Full textAbstract:
It is around 10 years that the straw buildings have reappeared on the Europe construction market. Often self-built, these buildings sometimes made only with straw bales and soil aroused interest for their energy and sustainability performance. As there is no feedback existing on this kind of “alternative” construction, it is necessary to verify if straw bale buildings performances can meet today's energy requirements. The purpose of this study is to analyze different aspects of the thermal and energy performance of these buildings using the example of ECO46, an administrative load bearing straw bale building in Lausanne (Switzerland). The conductivity and heat capacity of the straw material were investigated through literature review to find a range of possibilities. Subsequently a dynamic thermal model was created, using the extracted thermal properties, by means of Pleiades+Comfie software. The model was calibrated against two sets of measurements in summer and winter. The results permit to compare the consumption of this building with some standard administrative Swiss buildings. Finally, life cycle assessment (LCA) of ECO46 using SimaPro software was carried out to show the evolution of energy consumption from a building constructed in 1975 to the current construction and to evaluate the main environmental impacts of straw bale building. The result shows that straw bale buildings could be a sustainable solution in the future of construction for its low embodied energy level and its excellent thermal performance if it is well built.
32
Pongpimol, Somying, Yuosre F. Badir, Bohez L. J. Erik, and Vatcharapol Sukhotu. "A multi-criteria assessment of alternative sustainable solid waste management of flexible packaging." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 31, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-11-2018-0197.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the issues affecting end of life (EOL) management of flexible packaging. It focuses on Sustainable Solid Waste Management by using multi-criteria decision making, analytic network process (ANP), and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT). Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 33 expert stakeholders, though a series of interviews and questionnaires. The subject seven aspects were applied from integrated sustainable waste management with 19 sub-criteria identified. Criteria were prioritized by using ANP and SWOT to the internal and external environments of organizations directly responsible for waste management. Findings The five most important factors in the management of flexible packaging waste include: techniques for waste management, material and design, management support, legislation and rule, and environmental care and environmental health, respectively. Solutions addressing flexible packaging waste were identified, including reuse and recycle, waste to energy, biopolymers, new innovative materials and material recovery. Research limitations/implications Data were derived from the national authorities and large companies. The findings may not represent local authorities and small-scale manufacturers. Future research should be conducted, in order to investigate and focus around small manufacturing enterprises. Practical implications The findings provide a strategic framework for policy makers and industrial manufacturers. The benefits of this will enable them to address flexible packaging waste, by using qualitative and quantitative criteria. Originality/value This is the first paper developing a multi-criteria assessment model to specifically manage EOL flexible packaging, a possible pioneering piece of research in this field.
33
Raffe, Muhammad Redzwan, Mohamad Nidzam Rahmat, and Norsalisma Ismail. "Stabilised Ceramic Dust as Potential Sustainable Construction Components." Advanced Materials Research 1113 (July 2015): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1113.168.
Full textAbstract:
Ceramic is mainly being used as raw material in the production of building finishes. The production processes of this material generated a great amount of waste and by-product in the form of dust, broken tiles and sludge which will lead to environment pollution. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential utilisation of ceramic dust as alternative raw material in the production of sustainable construction components. Target materials of ceramic dust (CD) and laterite clay (LC) on its own or combination of both were stabilised with Portland cement (PC) and hydrated lime (HL) on its own or combination with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) by-product from steel industry. A blended binder of GGBS and waste paper sludge ash (WPSA) was also used to develop 100% sustainable stabiliser to stabilise the target materials. Compacted cylindrical specimens of 50 mm Ø and 100 mm height were fabricated at 20% dosage of binders concentration and moist cured for 7, 28, and 60 days before tested for compressive strength and water absorption. The results obtained show that stabilised CD with partial substitution of HL and PC with GGBS as stabilisers gave higher compressive strength and has potential to be used in the production of sustainable construction components. This suggests a solution towards a greener future and sustainable use of environmental friendly construction components.
34
Yashasvi, D. N., Jatin Badkar, Jyoti Kalburgi, Kartik Koppalkar, Khushi Purohit, Arun Patil, Gururaj Fattepur, and Basavaraj B. Kotturshettar. "Simulation study on mechanical properties of a sustainable alternative material for electric cable cover." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 872 (June 27, 2020): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/872/1/012016.
Full text
35
HART, PETER W. "Wheat straw as an alternative pulp fiber." January 2020 19, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj19.1.41.
Full textAbstract:
The desire to market sustainable packaging materials has led to an interest in the use of various fiber types as a raw material. It has been suggested that the use of annual crops for partial replacement of wood fiber would result in more sustainable products. Several life cycle analyses (LCA) have been performed to evaluate these claims. These LCAs provided conflicting and contradictory results because of the local conditions and the spe-cific pulping processes investigated. Selected LCAs are reviewed and the underlying reasons for these conflicting results are analyzed. Of all the agriculturally sourced annual fibers available, other than wood, only straw pulp is currently available in commercial quantities. A careful review of the available data suggests that neither an annual crop nor wood are more sustainable in general. Countries that allow burning of straw after harvest present a unique situation. Each situation needs specific and direct comparisons that are not generally available. The use of straw fiber in place of wood fiber does not appear to present any advantages to either the environmental impact of production or to the final product quality. The impact of substitution of straw fiber for hardwood pulp in bleached board applications and for high yield pine in linerboard applications has been examined in handsheet studies. In general, the partial substitution of straw pulp for wood pulp does not improve the handsheet physical properties. These studies suggest that straw pulp should be used in low fiber strength requirement applications, such as tissue and molded fiber products. Commercial progress of straw pulping by Kimberly-Clark and Essity in low fiber strength requirement applications is a sign that the nonwood fiber opportunity has growth potential.
36
Cipriano Almeida Barros, Lívia, Eduardo Luiz Longui, and Lech Muszynski. "A quest for a sustainable alternative wood species to produce world class clarinets." BioResources 16, no. 3 (July 28, 2021): 6292–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.3.6292-6312.
Full textAbstract:
Clarinets are made with a variety of materials, e.g., plastic, graphite, porcelain, or even metal. However, the most commonly used material to make clarinets is wood. Today, African granadilla or African blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) is the most popular and most widely used species by leading international companies in terms of clarinet production, because of its high density, color, fine texture, and exceptional durability. This species is also used to manufacture flutes, oboes, and bagpipes, making African blackwood one of the most valuable tree species in the world. However, the focus on the usage of a single species puts considerable pressure on a rare and endangered wood species. Therefore, this work aims to identify viable alternatives to African blackwood in terms of manufacturing clarinets as well as providing a similar combination of instrument characteristics that musicians and companies believe contribute to the value of the instrument, e.g., acoustics, aesthetics, and price.
37
Moore, Steven A., and Andrew Karvonen. "Sustainable Architecture in Context." Science & Technology Studies 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.23987/sts.55232.
Full textAbstract:
There has been little emphasis in STS scholarship to date on the design of the built environment. This paper attempts to address this oversight by examining alternative design practices in the growing field of sustainable architecture. We propose a geohistorical framework that includes three design dispositions?"context-bound, context-free, and context-rich?"and illustrate each with a prominent sustainable building practice. The principal argument of the paper is that each of these dispositions embodies distinct assumptions and attitudes about how to improve social and material conditions of the built environment, and as such, offers unique opportunities for STS scholars to shape the sociotechnical aspects of cities through intervention in design activities.
38
de Macêdo Reis, Lívia Racquel, Ilvio Romero Oliveira do Nascimento Filho, Ian Gustavo Rodrigues Veloso Reis, Pablo de Abreu Vieira, Luzana Leite Brasileiro, and José Milton Elias de Matos. "Use of Waste from Construction and Demolition in the Manufacture of Soil-Cement Bricks: A Sustainable Alternative." Materials Science Forum 930 (September 2018): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.930.137.
Full textAbstract:
The search for preserving the environment and avoiding the scarcity of natural resources leads civil construction to seek new technical measures tending to the sustainability of its activities, among them, the use of soil-cement bricks and construction and demolition waste (CDW), contributing to the reduction of materials discarded and costs in the works. This research aims to partially incorporate CDW in the manufacture of soil-cement bricks, with 25% and 50% of the soil mass replaced. Soil and CDW mixtures with 8%, 10% and 12% of cement were submitted to compaction tests. Soil-cement and CDW-cement bricks were submitted to dimensional analysis, water absorption tests and simple compression strength at 14 days. The results confirmed the potential of the CDW as a partial raw material for the preparation of soil-cement bricks as the results of the absorption tests achieved desired results. The brick with 25% of CDW and 12% of cement presented the best resistance to compression. The use of CDW as a construction material enables the reduction of waste-disposal areas and provides the manufacture of environmentally sustainable materials.
39
Jayasinghe, M. T. R., C. Jayasinghe, K. K. G. K. D. Kariyawasam, and L. I. N. De Silva. "SEMI-TIERED HOUSING FOR LATERITE EARTH SLOPING LANDS—A SUSTAINABLE SOLUTION WITH ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS AND METHODS." Journal of Green Building 13, no. 1 (January 2018): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.13.1.56.
Full textAbstract:
Increased demand for affordable housing and the limited availability of flat terrain for its construction are two major problems facing the provision of houses of acceptable quality in many countries around the world. There is limited research integrating the utilization of a stepped approach to sloping terrain with appropriate housing models to minimize slope instability potential. This paper introduces a new semi-tiered housing model where the footprint of the house is located on tiers prepared with short vertical cuts of 1.5–2m. Such vertical cuts are found to be stable with laterite soil which is a commonly available type of soil in the tropics. The excess soil generated from cut material was transformed into cement stabilized rammed earth, which is a cost effective material with low embodied energy. This is an ideal candidate for the construction of retaining walls and foundations, and such applications are demonstrated with adequate details. Further, many other types of sustainable building materials are highlighted with a case study of this housing model in a scheme of 13 housing units in Sri Lanka. The attention to detail required in construction and the applicability of alternative building materials and methods to improve the sustainability of such houses have been discussed in detail. These semi-tiered houses have the potential to address many of the current construction challenges.
40
Nahar, Afroza, M. Hasanuzzaman, N. A. Rahim, and Md Hosenuzzaman. "Effect of Cell Material on the Performance of PV System." Advanced Materials Research 1043 (October 2014): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1043.12.
Full textAbstract:
Interest of renewable energies is increasing due to the revising the energy policies for fighting against the emission of Carbon-dioxide. To make the development of the civilization sustainable and cause less harm to the environment, clean energy resources are very important. Many alternative renewable energy resources are available that can be used instead of fossil fuels. Solar energy is one of the potential alternative renewable energies. This paper presents differents types of Photovoltaic cell materials which is one of the most effective parameter for improvement of photovoltaic cell as well as Photovoltaic system performance.
41
Umemura, Kenji. "Introduction of research on sustainable and environmentally friendly wood-based materials." Impact 2020, no. 4 (October 14, 2020): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.4.73.
Full textAbstract:
Wood-based materials are used for construction and furniture etc. The demand is expected to increase due to population growth and economic development. Wood-based materials are considered as sustainable material because wood is the main raw material. However, adhesives are indispensable when manufacturing those, and almost wood adhesives are made from chemicals derived from fossil resources. In recent years, breaking away from dependence on fossil resources has become an important global issue. One of the purposes of this work is to develop bio-based adhesives with simple preparation, low dependence of fossil resources and high adhesiveness. Novel bio-based adhesives using citric acid and/or sucrose are being researched. On the other hand, considering significant decrease of global forest area, alternative raw components for wood-based materials is desperately needed in the future. Un-utilized lignocellulosic biomass such as agricultural wastes would be promising for these. The utilization of agricultural wastes also contributes to carbon fixation of lignocellulosic biomass. Now, researchers at the Laboratory of Sustainable Materials are interested in developing new wood-based materials that combine agricultural wastes with bio-based adhesives. These efforts will make wood-based materials more sustainable and environmentally friendly.
42
Goldhahn, Christian, Etienne Cabane, and Munish Chanana. "Sustainability in wood materials science: an opinion about current material development techniques and the end of lifetime perspectives." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 379, no. 2206 (August 2, 2021): 20200339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0339.
Full textAbstract:
Wood is considered the most important renewable resource for a future sustainable bioeconomy. It is traditionally used in the building sector, where it has gained importance in recent years as a sustainable alternative to steel and concrete. Additionally, it is the basis for the development of novel bio-based functional materials. However, wood's sustainability as a green resource is often diminished by unsustainable processing and modification techniques. They mostly rely on fossil-based precursors and yield inseparable hybrids and composites that cannot be reused or recycled. In this article, we discuss the state of the art of environmental sustainability in wood science and technology. We give an overview of established and upcoming approaches for the sustainable production of wood-based materials. This comprises wood protection and adhesion for the building sector, as well as the production of sustainable wood-based functional materials. Moreover, we elaborate on the end of lifetime perspective of wood products. The concept of wood cascading is presented as a possibility for a more efficient use of the resource to increase its beneficial impact on climate change mitigation. We advocate for a holistic approach in wood science and technology that not only focuses on the material's development and production but also considers recycling and end of lifetime perspectives of the products. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)’.
43
Fabbri, Kristian, Fabrizio Barbieri, and Francesca Merli. "Using natural fibre insulators on green roofs: some considerations." E3S Web of Conferences 197 (2020): 02015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019702015.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on the application of coconut fibre insulators, an insulating material rarely utilized in the Mediterranean context. Despite its undoubted thermal performance, some queries are related with of his thermo-hygrometric behavior. More precisely, during the use of coconut for covering building for realizing green roofs, which represent a technological solution often adopted in the case of sustainable buildings or nearly zero energy building. Green roofs represent a valid constructive solution with high thermal performances, adopted in existing and new buildings. This paper investigates the thermo-hygrometric behavior of the concrete and Cross Laminated Timbre slabs, insulated with coconut fibreboards (CF) such as an alternative synthetic insulator, referred to a series of different green roofs scenarios. The results show that coconut fibre insulations are equally comparable to natural and synthetic materials. Therefore, coconut fibre could represent a good chance for realization of green roof having high thermal performance and hygrothermal behavior in the same time. This material could be an alternative solution to the normal synthetic materials actually used, in a perspective of sustainable architecture.
44
Lăzărescu, Adrian-Victor, Henriette Szilagyi, Cornelia Baeră, and Andreea Hegyi. "Parametric Studies Regarding the Development of Alkali-Activated Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete Using Romanian Local Raw Materials." Proceedings 63, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020063011.
Full textAbstract:
Current research and development policies in the field of building materials, in the context of sustainable development, have the main objectives of increasing the safety and performance of the built environment at the same time as reducing pollution and its negative impact. Today, the idea that the sustainable city of the future should meet human needs and maintain a higher quality of life is worldwide unanimously accepted. The aim of this paper is to present results regarding the production of alkali-activated fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, a new, alternative material, produced using local available raw materials from Romania.
45
Böck, Felix. "Green gold of Africa – Can growing native bamboo in Ethiopia become a commercially viable business?" Forestry Chronicle 90, no. 05 (October 2014): 628–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2014-127.
Full textAbstract:
With concerns about climate change and the search for sustainable construction materials, significant attention is now being paid to Africa's natural resources. Ethiopia, known as Africa's political capital, has a rapidly expanding economy with increasing demand for new construction materials. Through public private partnerships projects the country is developing a sustainable business model to promote bamboo as a raw material. The subtropical zone of Ethiopia is home to approximately 65% of Africa's bamboo resources, an area of over 1 million hectares. Bamboo is potentially an ideal source of local, sustainable purpose-engineered building materials for growing cities not only in Ethiopia but across Africa. Production of conventional construction materials such as steel and concrete is expensive, highly energy intensive and unsustainable, requiring large quantities of water and is strongly dependent on imported raw materials. Bamboo is a renewable building material widely cultivated in Ethiopia but not yet utilized in modern construction. Structural Bamboo Products (SBP), similar to engineered wood products, have excellent potential to partially replace the use of more energy-intensive materials. Projects such as African Bamboo are taking steps in managing, cultivating and using Ethiopian bamboo species to help mitigate rapid deforestation in East Africa by creating alternative “wood” sources and sustainable business opportunities.
46
Ogundairo, T. O., D. D. Adegoke, I. I. Akinwumi, and O. M. Olofinnade. "Sustainable use of recycled waste glass as an alternative material for building construction – A review." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 640 (November 13, 2019): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/640/1/012073.
Full text
47
Amran, Mugahed, Roman Fediuk, Gunasekaran Murali, Siva Avudaiappan, Togay Ozbakkaloglu, Nikolai Vatin, Maria Karelina, Sergey Klyuev, and Aliakbar Gholampour. "Fly Ash-Based Eco-Efficient Concretes: A Comprehensive Review of the Short-Term Properties." Materials 14, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 4264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154264.
Full textAbstract:
Development of sustainable concrete as an alternative to conventional concrete helps in reducing carbon dioxide footprint associated with the use of cement and disposal of waste materials in landfill. One way to achieve that is the use of fly ash (FA) as an alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) because FA is a pozzolanic material and has a high amount of alumina and silica content. Because of its excellent mechanical properties, several studies have been conducted to investigate the use of alkali-activated FA-based concrete as an alternative to conventional concrete. FA, as an industrial by-product, occupies land, thereby causing environmental pollution and health problems. FA-based concrete has numerous advantages, such as it has early strength gaining, it uses low natural resources, and it can be configurated into different structural elements. This study initially presents a review of the classifications, sources, chemical composition, curing regimes and clean production of FA. Then, physical, fresh, and mechanical properties of FA-based concretes are studied. This review helps in better understanding of the behavior of FA-based concrete as a sustainable and eco-friendly material used in construction and building industries.
48
He, Wei Yi, Yi Lin Yin, and Wei Zhong. "A Sustainability-Based Building Material Manufacturing Project for Post-Disaster Reconstruction: A Case Study." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 1009–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.1009.
Full textAbstract:
During a post-earthquake restoration and reconstruction process, a building material project could be initiated to respond the short supply speedily for social welfare. At the same time, the project would be generally profitable but less sustainable. By a case study, a trade-off process pertinent to raw material and manufacturing alternative with a building brick project is explored, and then an environmentally sustainable manufacturing system for meeting building brick demands is revealed by an economic analysis.
49
Mitterberger, Daniela, and Tiziano Derme. "Digital soil: Robotically 3D-printed granular bio-composites." International Journal of Architectural Computing 18, no. 2 (June 2020): 194–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077120924996.
Full textAbstract:
Organic granular materials offer a valid alternative for non-biodegradable composites widely adopted in building construction and digital fabrication. Despite the need to find alternatives to fuel-based solutions, current material research in architecture mostly supports strategies that favour predictable, durable and homogeneous solutions. Materials such as soil, due to their physical properties and volatile nature, present new challenges and potentials to change the way we manufacture, built and integrate material systems and environmental factors into the design process. This article proposes a novel fabrication framework that combines high-resolution three-dimensional-printed biodegradable materials with a novel robotic-additive manufacturing process for soil structures. Furthermore, the research reflects on concepts such as affordance and tolerance within the field of digital fabrication, especially in regards to bio-materials and robotic fabrication. Soil as a building material has a long tradition. New developments in earth construction show how earthen buildings can create novel, adaptive and sustainable structures. Nevertheless, existing large-scale earthen construction methods can only produce highly simplified shapes with rough geometrical articulations. This research proposes to use a robotic binder-jetting process that creates novel organic bio-composites to overcome such limitations of common earth constructions. In addition, this article shows how biological polymers, such as polysaccharides-based hydrogels, can be used as sustainable, biodegradable binding agents for soil aggregates. This article is divided into four main sections: architecture and affordance; tolerance versus precision; water-based binders; and robotic fabrication parameters. Digital Soil envisions a shift in the design practice and digital fabrication that builds on methods for tolerance handling. In this context, material and geometrical properties such as material porosity, hydraulic conductivity and natural evaporation rate affect the architectural resolution, introducing a design process driven by matter. Digital Soil shows the potential of a fully reversible biodegradable manufacturing process for load-bearing architectural elements, opening up new fields of application for sustainable material systems that can enhance the ecological potential of architectural construction.
50
Hatefi, Seyed Morteza, Hamideh Asadi, Gholamreza Shams, Jolanta Tamošaitienė, and Zenonas Turskis. "Model for the Sustainable Material Selection by Applying Integrated Dempster-Shafer Evidence Theory and Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) Method." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 18, 2021): 10438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810438.
Full textAbstract:
The construction industry is a vital part of the modern economic system. Construction work often has significant negative impacts on the environment and sustainable economic development, such as degradation of the environment, depletion of resources, and waste generation. Therefore, environmental concerns must be taken into account when evaluating and making decisions in the construction industry. In this regard, sustainable construction is considered as the best way to avoid resource depletion and address environmental concerns. Selection of sustainable building materials is an important strategy in sustainable construction that plays an important role in the design and construction phase of buildings. The assessment of experts is one of the most important steps in the material selection process, and their subjective judgment can lead to unpredictable uncertainty. The existing methods cannot effectively demonstrate and address uncertainty. This paper proposes an integrated Dempster-Shafer (DS) theory of evidence and the ARAS method for selecting sustainable materials under uncertainty. The Dempster-Shafer Evidence Theory is a relatively new and appropriate tool for substantiating decisions when information is nonspecific, ambiguous, or conflicting. The Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method has many advantages to deal with MCDM problems with non-commensurable and even conflicting criteria and to obtain the priority of alternatives based on the utility function. The proposed method converts experts’ opinions into the basic probability assignments for real alternatives, which are suitable for DS evidence theory. It uses the ARAS method to obtain final estimation results. Finally, a real case study identifying the priority of using five possible alternative building materials demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed approach in addressing the challenges of sustainable construction. Four main criteria including economic, social, environmental, and technical criteria and 25 sub-criteria were considered for the selection of sustainable materials. The specific case study using the proposed method reveals that the weight of economic, socio-cultural, environmental, and technical criteria are equal to 0.327, 0.209, 0.241, and 0.221, respectively. Based on these results, economic and environmental criteria are determined as the most important criteria. The results of applying the proposed method reveal that aluminum siding with a final score of 0.538, clay brick with a score of 0.494, and stone façade with a final score of 0.482 are determined as the best alternatives in terms of sustainability.