Academic literature on the topic 'Alternative powertrain'

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Journal articles on the topic "Alternative powertrain"

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B Basavaradder, Arun, Dayananda Pai K., and Chethan K N. "Review on alternative propulsion in automotives -hybrid vehicles." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3 (July 8, 2018): 1311. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.11455.

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The dynamic diminishing in overall oil stores and proximity of stringent outflows runs the world over, have made a desperate prerequisite for the making of automobiles with upgraded effectiveness. This is the change time frame to move with elective powertrains as an Electric driven, hybrid, fuel cell models are being produced. Energy Management System (EMS) are given significance for capacity and improving the effectiveness of machines. The operation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) in different landscape with their fuel utilization is accounted. Hybrid powertrain like series, parallel and mixed are clarified. Testing undertaking is the appropriation of charging station situation for India and compelling use of hybrid vehicles. Battery management is the key part in HEV which require search for various methodologies are taken into for creating. The correlation of the customary motors finished with hybrid vehicles.
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Datlinger, Christoph, and Mario Hirz. "Benchmark of Rotor Position Sensor Technologies for Application in Automotive Electric Drive Trains." Electronics 9, no. 7 (June 28, 2020): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071063.

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Rotor shaft position sensors are required to ensure the efficient and reliable control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM), which are often applied as traction motors in electrified automotive powertrains. In general, various sensor principles are available, e.g., resolvers and inductive- or magnetoresistive sensors. Each technology is characterized by strengths and weaknesses in terms of measurement accuracy, space demands, disturbing factors and costs, etc. Since the most frequently applied technology, the resolver, shows some weaknesses and is relatively costly, alternative technologies have been introduced during the past years. This paper investigates state-of-the-art position sensor technologies and compares their potentials for use in PMSM in automotive powertrain systems. The corresponding evaluation criteria are defined according to the typical requirements of automotive electric powertrains, and include the provided sensor accuracy under the influence of mechanical tolerances and deviations, integration size, and different electrical- and signal processing-related parameters. The study presents a mapping of the potentials of different rotor position sensor technologies with the target to support the selection of suitable sensor technologies for specified powertrain control applications, addressing both system design and components development.
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Weigelt, Michael, Andreas Mayr, Alexander Kühl, and Jörg Franke. "Methodical Comparison of Alternative Powertrain Technologies for Long-Distance Mobility Using Germany as an Example." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 4 (November 15, 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040077.

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The main barriers to the wide acceptance of electric vehicles, such as the limited driving range or the high acquisition costs, are to be countered by various technology alternatives for the powertrain of the future. Promising developments include improved battery technologies, fuel cell technologies or a constant power supply of the vehicle while driving, for example through dynamic inductive charging. In this context, a holistic technology comparison would contribute to a comprehensive and understandable information situation by making the heterogeneous technological concepts comparable with regard to different evaluation criteria. Therefore, this work describes the basic assumptions of the proposed holistic comparison of alternative powertrain technologies for long-distance mobility. Relevant framework conditions are structured and a procedure for the evaluation of infrastructure expenditures is shown. Building on this, a selection of key performance indicators is defined and explained. The proposed KPI framework is applied to a passenger car in the economic area Germany. The results show that by using electrified roadways, ecological as well as economic advantages against other alternative powertrain designs can be derived.
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Borthakur, Swagata, and Shankar C. Subramanian. "Design and optimization of a modified series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 6 (March 12, 2018): 1419–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018759357.

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Hybrid electric vehicles are emerging technologies that are considered as eco-friendly alternative solutions to internal combustion engine–driven vehicles. This paper proposes a modified hybrid electric vehicle powertrain system that addresses the shortcomings of a series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain. The proposed configuration replaces the conventional generator of a series hybrid electric vehicle with an integrated starter generator that supports the traction motor of the vehicle during acceleration and peak torque requirements and maintains the state of charge of the batteries to provide an extended electric range of the vehicle. The work done in this paper can be categorized into two stages. The first stage is the methodical development of the powertrain in terms of initial parameter matching and sizing of the vehicle components by considering the fundamentals of longitudinal vehicle dynamics. The second stage describes the optimization of the proposed configuration to meet the design objective of maximizing fuel economy subjected to a set of vehicle performance constraints. The performance of the proposed powertrain was evaluated and compared with a series hybrid electric vehicle powertrain for an on-road Indian driving cycle using AVL CRUISE, which is a commercially available software for the study and analysis of road vehicle powertrains. Result analysis during initial parameterization showed a reduction in gross vehicle weight of the proposed configuration by 244 kg (1.5%) and an improvement in the average operating efficiency of the traction motor by around 11%, when compared to a series hybrid electric vehicle. Furthermore, the optimization results for the proposed configuration established an improvement in the fuel economy by 21% while meeting vehicle performance requirements.
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González Palencia, Juan C., Van Tuan Nguyen, Mikiya Araki, and Seiichi Shiga. "The Role of Powertrain Electrification in Achieving Deep Decarbonization in Road Freight Transport." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 2459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102459.

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Decarbonizing road freight transport is difficult due to its reliance on fossil fuel internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). The role of powertrain electrification in achieving deep decarbonization in road freight transport was studied using a vehicle stock turnover model, focusing on Japan. Twelve vehicle types were considered; combining four powertrains, ICEV, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), battery electric vehicle (BEV) and fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV); and three vehicle size classes, normal, compact and mini-sized vehicles. A scenario-based approach was used; considering a Base scenario, and three alternative scenarios targeting powertrain electrification. Between 2012 and 2050, tank to wheel CO2 emissions decrease 42.8% in the Base scenario, due to the reduction of vehicle stock, the improvement of vehicle fuel consumption and the adoption of HEVs. Diffusion of FCEVs in normal vehicles and BEVs in compact and mini-sized vehicles achieves the largest tank to wheel CO2 emissions reductions, up to 44.6% compared with the 2050 baseline value. The net cash flow is positive over the whole time horizon, peaking at 6.7 billion USD/year in 2049 and reaching 6.6 billion USD/year by 2050. Powertrain electrification is not enough to achieve any of the CO2 emissions reduction targets in road freight transport.
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Li, Hao, Yuan Hao Zhu, and Yu Hua Xin. "Modeling and Simulation of a Hydro-Pneumatic Accumulator System for Hybrid Air Development." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 763–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.763.

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To meet the increasingly stringent environmental protection regulations, there had emerged several technologies in the electrification of powertrains in hybrid vehicle, such as HEV and EV. However, these also led to increasing costs which could greatly affect the markets. So, here introduce a new type of full-hybrid powertrain that combines a petrol engine and a compressed air energy storage unit instead of a battery, offering an alternative to electric hybrid solutions. This paper laid the emphasis on the multi-domain modeling and simulation of a hydro-pneumatic accumulator system, and then continues to study its dynamic behavior of the compressed air and output performance of the pump/motor with simulation. Results show that the system possesses a high applied value in a given hybrid air system.
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Zaremba, Alexander T., Ciro Soto, and Mark Jennings. "Methodology for Assessment of Alternative Hybrid Electric Vehicle Powertrain System Architectures." SAE International Journal of Alternative Powertrains 1, no. 1 (April 16, 2012): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-01-1010.

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Sousa, Nuno, Arminda Almeida, and João Coutinho-Rodrigues. "A multicriteria methodology for estimating consumer acceptance of alternative powertrain technologies." Transport Policy 85 (January 2020): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.10.003.

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CIPOLLA, Giovanni. "Diesel perspective in global market vision." Combustion Engines 129, no. 2 (May 1, 2007): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117328.

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The article describes some predictions with regard to developing trends of automotive propulsion systems. According to the author’s opinion, Diesel engines will share with the gasoline one the leadership of the market in the short-to-middle timeframe, with shares depending mainly from regional contingencies. In the middle-to-long timeframe, the hybrid powertrain and fuel cells will became a real alternative option to conventional engine. However, Diesel hybrid powertrain could also became a very interesting opportunity, because the Diesel engine features will further improve the fuel consumption and the fun-to-drive features of hybrid systems.
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Awadallah, Mohamed, Peter Tawadros, Paul Walker, and Nong Zhang. "Comparative fuel economy, cost and emissions analysis of a novel mild hybrid and conventional vehicles." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 232, no. 13 (November 8, 2017): 1846–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017736116.

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Mild hybrid vehicles have been explored as a potential pathway to reduce vehicle emissions cost-effectively. The use of manual transmissions to develop novel hybrid vehicles provides an alternate route to producing low cost electrified powertrains. In this paper, a comparative analysis examining a conventional vehicle and a mild hybrid electric vehicle is presented. The analysis considers fuel economy, capital and ongoing costs and environmental emissions, and includes developmental analysis and simulation using mathematical models. Vehicle emissions (nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons) and fuel economy are computed, analysed and compared using a number of alternative driving cycles and their weighted combination. Different driver styles are also evaluated. Studying the relationship between the fuel economy and driveability, where driveability is addressed using fuel-economical gear shift strategies. Our simulation suggests the hybrid concept presented can deliver fuel economy gains of between 5 and 10%, as compared to the conventional powertrain.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alternative powertrain"

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Qin, Helen. "Powertrain technology and cost assessment of battery electric vehicles." Thesis, UOIT, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10155/86.

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This thesis takes EV from the late 90’s as a baseline, assess the capability of today’s EV technology, and establishes its near-term and long-term prospects. Simulations are performed to evaluate EVs with different combinations of new electric machines and battery chemistries. Cost assessment is also presented to address the major challenge of EV commercialization. This assessment is based on two popular vehicle classes: subcompact and mid-size. Fuel, electricity and battery costs are taken into consideration for this study. Despite remaining challenges and concerns, this study shows that with production level increases and battery price-drops, full function EVs could dominate the market in the longer term. The modeling shows that from a technical and performance standpoint both range and recharge times already fall into a window of practicality, with few if any compromises relative to conventional vehicles. Electric vehicles are the most sustainable alternative personal transportation technology available to-date. With continuing breakthroughs, minimal change to the power grid, and optimal GHG reductions, emerging electric vehicle performance is unexpectedly high.
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Wu, Yin. "Power Distribution System Modeling and Simulation of an Alternative Energy Testbed Vehicle." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1289960977.

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Osnes, Jan Christian. "Skoda Respir." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-72806.

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My project revolves around an idea of implementing a new propulsion technology as a key design element. Batteries have in many ways been a revolution for how we propulsion cars today. It’s one of the best, if not the best, alternative for future power sources in cars. The downside however, is the fact that it dies out after a given range, and as we have learned, a battery takes time to reload. Range anxiety is an issue and IBM is currently trying to solve just that. They will by 2030 launch a new type of battery that will more than double the energy density of some of the most cutting edge lithium ion batteries of today.   The IBM-solution for a new battery is called “Battery 500” and is an open system technology that uses common air as a reagent which upon recharge releases oxygen back to the environment.  The battery would pull in and use oxygen in a similar way to how an internal combustion engine draws in oxygen.
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Horáček, Radim. "Design zemědělského traktoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231754.

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The main subject of this master‘s thesis is an innovative approach to design of an ag- ricultural tractor with technical, esthetic, ergonomic and economic demands. The aim is to create a distinctive design and shape of tractor unbound from conventional solutions. The concept takes account of the farm–machine relationship, the alterna- tive powertrain, and friendliness to the environment.
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Gunnarsson, Andreas. "Analysis of Alternative Fuels in Automotive Powertrains." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17053.

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The awareness of the effect emissions have on the environment and climate has risen in the last decades. This has caused strict regulations of greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gases cause global warming which may have devastating environmental effects. Most of the fuels commercially available today are fossil fuels. There are two major effects of using fuels with fossil origin; the source will eventually drain and the usage results in an increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Fuels that are created from a renewable feedstock are often referred to as alternative fuels and under ideal conditions they are greenhouse gas neutral, meaning that the same amount of greenhouse gases is released during combustion as the source of the fuel have absorbed during its growth period. This evaluation method is known as a well-to-wheel analysis which besides emissions also evaluates energy efficiencies during both the production and the combustion phases.

By evaluating results of well-to-wheel analyses along with fuel properties and engine concept characteristics, this report presents which driving scenario that is suitable for different powertrain configurations. For example, vehicles operating in high populated areas, as cities, have a driving scenario that includes low velocities and multiple stops while vehicles in low populated areas often travel long distances in higher speeds. This implies that different powertrains are suitable in different regions. By matching favorable properties of a certain powertrain to the properties important to the actual driving scenario this report evolves a fuel infrastructure that is suitable in Sweden.

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Özdemir, Enver Doruk [Verfasser], and A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Voß. "The future role of alternative powertrains and fuels in the German transport sector : a model based scenario analysis with respect to technical, economic and environmental aspects with a focus on road transport / Enver Doruk Özdemir. Betreuer: A. Voß." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1019517611/34.

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Gully, Benjamin Houston. "Hybrid powertrain performance analysis for naval and commercial ocean-going vessels." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-08-6270.

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The need for a reduced dependence on fossil fuels is motivated by a wide range of factors: from increasing fuel costs, to national security implications of supply, to rising concern for environmental impact. Although much focus is given to terrestrial systems, over 90% of the world's freight is transported by ship. Likewise, naval warfighting systems are critical in supporting U.S. national interests abroad. Yet the vast majority of these vessels rely on fossil fuels for operation. The results of this thesis illustrate a common theme that hybrid mechanical-electrical marine propulsion systems produce substantially better fuel efficiency than other technologies that are typically emphasized to reduce fuel consumption. Naval and commercial powertrains in the 60-70 MW range are shown to benefit substantially from the utilization of mechanical drive for high speed propulsion; complemented by an efficient electric drive system for low speed operations. This hybrid architecture proves to be able to best meet the wide range of performance requirements for each of these systems, while also being the most easily integrated technology option. Naval analyses evaluate powertrain options for the DDG-51 Flight III. Simulation results using actual operational profile data show a CODLAG system produces a net fuel savings of up to 12% more than a comparable all-electric system, corresponding to a savings of 37% relative the existing DDG-51 powertrain. These results prove that a mechanical linkage for the main propulsion engine greatly reduces fuel consumption and that for power generation systems requiring redundancy, diesel generators represent a vastly superior option to gas turbines. For the commercial application it is shown that an augmented PTO/PTI hybrid system can better reduce cruise fuel consumption than modern sail systems, while also producing significant benefit with regard to CO2 emissions. In addition, using such a shaft mounted hybrid system for low speed electric drive in ports reduces NOx emissions by 29-43%, while CO is reduced 57-66% and PM may be reduced up to 25%, depending on the specific operating mode. As an added benefit, fuel consumption rates under these conditions are reduced 20-29%.
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(11208897), Shubham Pradeep Agnihotri. "EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT ANALYSIS FOR COMMERCIAL VEHICLES BY (I) POWERTRAIN HYBRIDIZATION AND (II) CYLINDER DEACTIVATION FOR NATURAL GAS ENGINES." Thesis, 2021.

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The commercial vehicle sector is an important enabler of the economy and is heavily dependent on fossil fuels. In the fight against climate change, reduction of emissions by improving fuel economy is a key step for the commercial vehicle sector. Improving fuel economy deals with reducing energy losses from fuel to the wheels. This study aims to analyze efficiency improvements for two systems that are important in reducing CO2 emissions - hybrid powertrains and natural gas engines. At first, a prototype series hybrid powertrain was analyzed based on on-highway data collected from its powertrain components. Work done per mile by the electrical components of the powertrain showed inefficient battery operation. The net energy delivery of the battery was close to zero at the end of the runs. This indicated battery was majorly used as an energy storage device. Roughly 15% of losses were observed in the power electronics to supply power from battery and generator to the motor. Ability of the hybrid system to capture regenerative energy and utilize it to propel the vehicle is a primary cause for fuel savings. The ability of this system to capture the regenerative energy was studied by modeling the system. The vehicle model demonstrated that the system was capturing most of the theoretically available regenerative energy. The thesis also demonstrates the possibility of reduction of vehicular level losses for the prototype truck. Drag and rolling resistance coefficients were estimated based on two coast down tests conducted. The ratio of captured regenerative to the drive energy energy for estimated drag and rolling resistant coefficients showed that the current system utilizes 4%-9% of its drive energy from the captured regenerative energy. Whereas a low mileage Peterbilt 579 truck could increase the energy capture ratio to 8%-18% for the same drive profile and route. Decrease in the truck’s aerodynamic drag and rolling resistance can potentially improve the fuel benefits.
The second study aimed to reduce the engine level pumping losses for a natural gas spark ignition engine by cylinder deactivation (CDA). Spark ignited stoichiometric engines with an intake throttle valve encounter pumping/throttling losses at low speed, low loads due to the restriction of intake air by the throttle body. A simulation study for CDA on a six cylinder natural gas engine model was performed in GT- Power. The simulations were ran for steady state operating points with a torque range 25-560 ftlbs and 1600 rpm. Two , three and four cylinders were deactivated in the simulation study. CDA showed significant fuel benefits with increase in brake thermal efficiency and reduction in brake specific fuel consumption depending on the number of deactivated cylinders. The fuel benefits tend to decrease with increase in torque. Engine cycle efficiencies were analyzed to investigate the efficiency improvements. The open cycle efficiency is the main contributor to the overall increase in the brake thermal efficiency. The work done by the engine to overcome the gas exchange during the intake and exhaust stroke is referred to the pumping losses. The reduction in pumping losses cause an improvement in the open cycle efficiency. By deactivating cylinders, the engine meets its low torque requirements by increase in the intake manifold pressure. Increased intake manifold pressure also resulted in reduction of the pumping loop indicating reduced pumping losses. A major limitation of the CDA strategy was ability to meet EGR fraction requirements. The increase in intake manifold pressure also caused a reduction in the delta pressure across the EGR valve. At higher torques with high EGR requirements CDA strategy was unable to meet the required EGR fraction targets. This limited the benefits of CDA to a specific torque range based on the number of deactivated cylinders. Some variable valve actuation strategies were suggested to overcome this challenge and extend the benefits of CDA for a greater torque range.

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Books on the topic "Alternative powertrain"

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Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. Alternative Powertrains and Extensions to the Conventional Powertrain. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60832-6.

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Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. Alternative Powertrains and Extensions to the Conventional Powertrain. Springer Vieweg, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Alternative powertrain"

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Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. "Alternative Fuels." In Alternative Powertrains and Extensions to the Conventional Powertrain, 45–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60832-6_5.

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Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. "Alternative Powertrains and Extensions to the Conventional Powertrain." In Alternative Powertrains and Extensions to the Conventional Powertrain, 1–3. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60832-6_1.

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Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. "Hybrid Vehicles." In Alternative Powertrains and Extensions to the Conventional Powertrain, 17–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60832-6_3.

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Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. "The Electric Drive." In Alternative Powertrains and Extensions to the Conventional Powertrain, 5–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60832-6_2.

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Hilgers, Michael, and Wilfried Achenbach. "Other Supplements to the Conventional Drive." In Alternative Powertrains and Extensions to the Conventional Powertrain, 43–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60832-6_4.

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Ofner, Herwig, Alexander Morozov, Jost Weber, Takamasa Yokota, and Satoru Sasaki. "Potential of Dimethylether as an alternative Diesel fuel for a CO2 sustainable powertrain solution." In Proceedings, 423–43. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-21015-1_27.

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Mennenga, Mark, Sebastian Thiede, and Christoph Herrmann. "Life-Cycle Oriented Decision Support for the Planning of Fleets with Alternative Powertrain Vehicles." In Re-engineering Manufacturing for Sustainability, 75–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-48-2_12.

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Genta, Giancarlo, Lorenzo Morello, Francesco Cavallino, and Luigi Filtri. "Alternative Powertrains." In The Motor Car, 485–507. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-8552-6_12.

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Lindner, Stefan, and T. Fröhlich. "Safety and light integration of alternative powertrains with innovative material concepts." In Proceedings, 903–17. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-21194-3_69.

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Lindner, Stefan. "APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE MATERIAL CONCEPTS FOR SAFETY LIGHTWEIGHT INSIDE CARS USING ALTERNATIVE POWERTRAINS." In Technologies for economical and functional lightweight design, 175–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58206-0_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Alternative powertrain"

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Cowart, J. S., W. E. Boruta, J. D. Dalton, R. F. Dona, F. L. Rivard, R. S. Furby, J. A. Piontkowski, R. E. Seiter, and R. M. Takai. "Powertrain Development of the 1996 Ford Flexible Fuel Taurus." In Alternative Fuels Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/952751.

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Kessell, M. "Alternative vehicle powertrain performance monitoring." In IEE Colloquium on Monitoring of Driver and Vehicle Performance. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19970658.

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Merola, Simona Silvia, Cinzia Tornatore, Luca Marchitto, Gerardo Valentino, and Adrian Irimescu. "Optical Properties Investigation of Alternative Fuels Containing Carbon-Based Nanostructures." In SAE 2014 International Powertrain, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2765.

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Frohlig, Simon, Niklas Piechulek, Matthias Friedlein, Robert Sus-Wolf, Lorenz Schmidt, Marlene Kuhn Huong Nguyen, Li Wang, et al. "Innovative signal and power connection solutions for alternative powertrain concepts." In 2020 10th International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/edpc51184.2020.9388180.

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Frame, E. A., R. A. Alvarez, Matthew G. Blanks, Robert L. Freerks, Leo L. Stavinoha, Patsy A. Muzzell, and Luis Villahermosa. "Alternative Fuels: Assessment of Fischer-Tropsch Fuel for Military Use in 6.5L Diesel Engine." In 2004 Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-2961.

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Barr, Andrew, and Alireza Veshagh. "Fuel Economy and Performance Comparison of Alternative Mechanical Hybrid Powertrain Configurations." In SAE World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-0083.

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Barroso, Pedro M., Judith Dominguez, Mario Pita Sr, and Xavier Ribas. "Performance and Emissions of a HD Diesel Engine Converted for Alternative Fuel Use." In SAE 2014 International Powertrain, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2685.

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Walker, Paul D., and Holger M. Roser. "Configuration Design and Energy Balancing of Compact-Hybrid Powertrains." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20341.

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The development of compact and efficient hybrid electric vehicle powertrains for low initial and on-going costs requires consideration of numerous, often competing factors. Appropriately designing and sizing these powertrains requires the consideration of requirements for vehicle range and performance, considered directly through the sizing of motors and engines, and indirectly through minimization of vehicle mass whilst being constrained by total stored energy in the vehicle, against the impact on vehicle emissions and on purchase and ongoing operational costs. In addition to these considerations the actual driver use will strongly influence the energy consumed and vehicle emissions. It therefore becomes beneficial to provide flexibility in hybrid vehicle configuration design to enable the minimization of vehicle emissions and ongoing vehicle costs. The purpose of this paper is to study the various alternative vehicle powertrain configurations for application to small scale hybridization demands, such as scooters or motorcycles. Powertrain configurations studied in this paper include plug-in hybrid electric (PHEV), battery hybrid electric (BHEV), and a pure electric vehicle (PEV). To design and size each of the configurations a statistical approach is taken, power and load demands are studied and utilized to size powertrain components. Results are extended to size vehicle energy storage for electric only range of 25, 50 and 100 km, and total vehicle range of 100 km for the BHEV and 200 km for the PHEV. Based on the results developed from the analysis mathematical models of each of the powertrain configurations are then developed in Matlab/Simulink and numerical studies of vehicle energy consumption in comparison to range are conducted. Outcomes of these simulations are compared to an operating cost based analysis of the suggested powertrains; the benefits and limitations of each design are considered in detail.
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Karlsson, Anton, Gabriel Domingues-Olavarria, and Mats Alakula. "Alternative EV powertrain topologies designed for operation in a conductive electric road system." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esars-itec.2018.8607748.

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10

Ahn, Andrew, Thomas S. Welles, and Benjamin Akih-Kumgeh. "Analysis of Current Hybrid-Electric Automobile Drivetrains and Proposal of an Alternative Powertrain." In ASME 2020 Power Conference collocated with the 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16997.

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Abstract Byproducts of fossil fuel combustion contribute to negative changes in the global climate. Specifically, emissions from automobiles are a major source of greenhouse gas pollution. Efforts to minimize these harmful emissions have led to the development and sustained improvement of hybrid drivetrains in automobiles. Despite many advancements, however, hybrid systems still face substantial challenges which bear on their practicality, performance, and competitive disadvantage in view of the low cost of today’s traditional internal combustion engines. These imperfections notwithstanding, hybrid electric vehicles have the potential to play significant roles in the future as cleaner transportation solutions. Actualization of this potential will depend on the ability of hybrid-electric vehicles to minimize their disadvantages while increasing their positive features relative to traditional combustion engines. This research investigates current hybrid electric architectures in automobiles with the aim of suggesting an alternative, more efficient hybrid configuration that utilizes current technology. This is completed by utilizing an iterative design process to compare how various components of existing hybrids can be combined and/or improved to develop a single, efficient and cohesive system that performs comparably to or surpasses existing ones in fuel efficiency and low emissions in all driving conditions. A critical and comparative analysis is provided based on current hybrid-electric vehicle architectures as well as a plausible alternative.
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