Academic literature on the topic 'Alternative sources of proteins and protected area'
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Journal articles on the topic "Alternative sources of proteins and protected area"
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Ebua, Valentine Buh, Simon Awafor Tamungang, Tsi Evaristus Agwafo, and Sylvie Nguedem Fonkwo. "Impact of Livelihood Improvement on the Conservation of Large Mammals in the Bakossi Landscape, South West Cameroon." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 1 (2013): 33–38. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2013.1.102712164.
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Large mammals at least the sizes of duikers are greatly affected by anthropogenic activities in the Bakossi landscape area. The improvement of the livelihood of indigenous population around and within protected areas can be of immense important to wildlife conservationists who want to succeed in their efforts or approaches of conserving large mammals in the landscape. A duration of one year of monitoring large mammals abundance and densities, and human activities have shown that, if those who live around protected areas are provided with alternative sources of proteins to rear or farm, this can boost wildlife conservation. It has also shown that hunting and agriculture are the most dangerous causes of wildlife declines because of a ready consumable market of bush meat in big towns and also due to land use dispute because of a growing human population that needs space for socio-economic activities and large mammals that want to forage. Alternative sources of proteins like Pigs, cane rat and goat rearing, snail and bee farming etc provide enough income than hunting and encroachment into protected areas for bush meat and farming. We strongly recommend livelihood improvement through the provision of alternative sources of proteins in the Bakossi landscape to ease large mammal’s conservation.
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Wilkie, David S., and Julia F. Carpenter. "The potential role of safari hunting as a source of revenue for protected areas in the Congo Basin." Oryx 33, no. 4 (1999): 339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1999.00079.x.
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AbstractIn sub-Saharan Africa conservation of biodiversity is increasingly predicated on finding ways to ensure that the economic value of maintaining a landscape in its ‘natural’ state meets or exceeds the expected returns from converting the area to an alternative land use, such as agriculture. ‘Wildlands’ in Africa must generate, directly or from donor contributions, funds sufficient to cover both the operating costs of conservation, and the opportunity costs of forgoing other forms of resource use. Government and donor investments currently meet less than 30 per cent of the estimated recurring costs required to manage the protected-area network within central African countries effectively, and cover none of the growing opportunity costs incurred to maintain protected areas. Unfortunately, few additional sources of funding are available.
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Yimam, Mohammed, Martina Andreini, Sara Carnevale, and Maurizio Muscaritoli. "Postprandial Aminoacidemia Following the Ingestion of Alternative and Sustainable Proteins in Humans: A Narrative Review." Nutrients 17, no. 2 (2025): 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17020211.
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There is a pressing need to expand the production and consumption of alternative protein sources from plants, fungi, insects, and algae from both nutritional and sustainability perspectives. It is well known that the postprandial rise in plasma amino acid concentrations and subsequent muscle anabolic response is greater after the ingestion of animal-derived protein sources, such as dairy, meat, and eggs, than plant-based proteins. However, emerging evidence shows that a similar muscle anabolic response is observed—despite a lower and slower postprandial aminoacidemia—after the ingestion of alternative protein sources compared with animal-derived protein sources. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of plasma amino acid kinetics after the ingestion of alternative protein sources would play a significant role in recognizing and identifying the anabolic properties of these protein sources, allowing for the implementation of the best nutritional intervention strategies, contributing to more sustainable food production, and developing new medical nutritional products with optimal impacts on muscle mass, strength, and function, both in terms of health and disease. Therefore, this narrative review is focused on postprandial amino acid kinetics (the area under the curve, peak, and time to reach the peak concentration of amino acids) based on experimental randomized controlled trials performed in young and older adults following the ingestion of different novel, sustainable, and alternative protein sources.
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Hadi, Joshua, and Gale Brightwell. "Safety of Alternative Proteins: Technological, Environmental and Regulatory Aspects of Cultured Meat, Plant-Based Meat, Insect Protein and Single-Cell Protein." Foods 10, no. 6 (2021): 1226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10061226.
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Food security and environmental issues have become global crises that need transformative solutions. As livestock production is becoming less sustainable, alternative sources of proteins are urgently required. These include cultured meat, plant-based meat, insect protein and single-cell protein. Here, we describe the food safety aspects of these novel protein sources, in terms of their technological backgrounds, environmental impacts and the necessary regulatory framework for future mass-scale production. Briefly, cultured meat grown in fetal bovine serum-based media can be exposed to viruses or infectious prion, in addition to other safety risks associated with the use of genetic engineering. Plant-based meat may contain allergens, anti-nutrients and thermally induced carcinogens. Microbiological risks and allergens are the primary concerns associated with insect protein. Single-cell protein sources are divided into microalgae, fungi and bacteria, all of which have specific food safety risks that include toxins, allergens and high ribonucleic acid (RNA) contents. The environmental impacts of these alternative proteins can mainly be attributed to the production of growth substrates or during cultivation. Legislations related to novel food or genetic modification are the relevant regulatory framework to ensure the safety of alternative proteins. Lastly, additional studies on the food safety aspects of alternative proteins are urgently needed for providing relevant food governing authorities with sufficient data to oversee that the technological progress in this area is balanced with robust safety standards.
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García-Segovia, Purificación, Marta Igual, and Javier Martínez-Monzó. "Physicochemical Properties and Consumer Acceptance of Bread Enriched with Alternative Proteins." Foods 9, no. 7 (2020): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9070933.
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A projected global population growth by 2050 and climate change crises have led to increasing demand in edible protein sources; thus, scientific research and food industries are searching for alternatives. In this study, we investigated the incorporation of plant- and insect-based protein sources in wheat-based formulations. The Alveographic properties of dough and the effects on bread physicochemical and sensory characteristics were analysed. Including pea protein or insect powder improved the nutritional value, increasing protein content, but influenced the dough and bread properties. Pea protein significantly increased the dough extensibility (L), tenacity (P), and their ratio (P/L) in dough with insect blends and the control. Bread texture properties were significantly affected by the addition of pea and insect flour. Higher amounts of pea protein incorporation increased hardness values and showed a mean cell area lower than the control bread. Crust colour analysis showed significant differences concerning the control bread, while crumb colour was affected by the flour colour. Word association analysis showed insect bread was associated with an emotional dimension, wheat bread was linked with “tradition”, and pea bread was associated with “fruit and vegetable”.
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Gardner, Charlie J., Firengea U. L. Gabriel, Freya A. V. St. John, and Zoe G. Davies. "Changing livelihoods and protected area management: a case study of charcoal production in south-west Madagascar." Oryx 50, no. 3 (2015): 495–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605315000071.
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AbstractProtected areas are usually conceived and managed as static entities, although this approach is increasingly viewed as unrealistic given climate change and ecosystem dynamics. The ways in which people use land and/or natural resources within and around protected areas can also shift and evolve temporally but this remains an under-acknowledged challenge for protected area managers. Here we investigate the factors driving a rapid rise in charcoal production within a new, multiple-use protected area in Madagascar, to inform appropriate management responses. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 208 charcoal producers to ascertain the mix of livelihood activities they practised in 2010/2011 and 5 years previously. Respondents had diversified their livelihood activities over time, and cultivation and pastoralism had decreased as primary sources of revenue. Reasons for the growing reliance on charcoal production include the reduced viability of alternative livelihoods (primarily farming), as a result of changing rainfall patterns and the loss of irrigation infrastructure, as well as a growing need for cash to support themselves and their families. Our results suggest that charcoal production is not a desirable activity but a safety net when times are difficult. Conservation efforts to ameliorate underlying factors driving livelihood change, such as dam restoration, could reduce the prevalence of charcoal production, but simultaneous action to cut demand is also required. We recommend that mechanisms to detect, understand and respond to social change are integrated systematically into protected area management planning, alongside traditional biodiversity monitoring.
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McClements, David Julian, Jiakai Lu, and Lutz Grossmann. "Proposed Methods for Testing and Comparing the Emulsifying Properties of Proteins from Animal, Plant, and Alternative Sources." Colloids and Interfaces 6, no. 2 (2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids6020019.
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The food industry is trying to reformulate many of its products to replace functional ingredients that are chemically synthesized or isolated from animal sources (such as meat, fish, eggs, or milk) with ingredients derived from plant or microbial sources. This effort is largely a result of the demand for foods that are better for the environment, human health, and animal welfare. Many new kinds of plant- or microbial-derived proteins are being isolated for potential utilization as functional ingredients by the food industry. A major challenge in this area is the lack of standardized methods to measure and compare the functional performance of proteins under conditions they might be used in food applications. This information is required to select the most appropriate protein for each application. In this article, we discuss the physicochemical principles of emulsifier functionality and then present a series of analytical tests that can be used to quantify the ability of proteins to form and stabilize emulsions. These tests include methods for characterizing the effectiveness of the proteins to promote the formation and stability of the small droplets generated during homogenization, as well as their ability to stabilize the droplets against aggregation under different conditions (e.g., pH, ionic composition, temperature, and shearing). This information should be useful to the food industry when it is trying to identify alternative proteins to replace existing emulsifiers in specific food applications.
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Enukwa, Ettagbor Hans, Elvise Ngome Kome, and Mbuh Moses Kuma. "Influence of Anthropogenic Factors on Forest Resources Exploitation and Utilization in the Bakossi Landscape." Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry 11, no. 2 (2025): 16–31. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajraf/2025/v11i2383.
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This study was carried out to investigate how human factors affect forest resources exploitation and utilization. The study therefore aimed at identifying the level of pressure put on different forest resources as a result of human activities. It was conducted in thirty-four (34) communities that share a direct boundary with the Bakossi National Park (BNP). Focus group discussions were held with selected resource users from each village within a cluster. Selected members were those who have lived in the area for a very long period of time, have adequate knowledge on the area especially on the exploitation of forest resources, and are actively exploiting forest resources in the area. Interviews were also done with key resource persons, and direct observations were conducted in the study areas. The participatory rural appraisal method as well as participatory diagnostic method were adopted to ease assessment of the collection and importance of NTFPs in the area. In 75% of the study area, it was noticed that a higher percentage of the NTFPs are harvested outside the park (NE 50%; SE 54% and SW 54.2%), followed by that exploited both inside and out of the park (NE 41.7%; SE 37.5% and SW 37.5%). Contrarily, in the NW cluster, a higher percentage of NTFPs are harvested both inside the park and out of the park (93.3%), whereas only 6.7% is exploited strictly out of the park alone. The NW cluster is the most enclaved of the four clusters, thus higher rate of NTFP exploitation in this area inside the and out of the park could be due to the fact that there is limited law enforcement and inadequate awareness of the people on activities prohibited in a protected area in this area. More than 80% of NTFPs exploited is for commercial purpose, due to limited alternative sources of income. The presence of bush meat markets makes poaching higher in the NW and SW clusters, while timber exploitation is higher in areas with good road network. The provision of alternative sources of livelihoods, and provision of improved varieties of forest resources to be cultivated in farmlands will reduce pressure on forest resources especially in protected areas. It is also imperative to develop and implement access rights strategy for forest resources with effective monitoring and evaluation. Also, disenclaving remote areas will ease law enforcement which will create conservation awareness in communities.
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Mahfuz-Ur-Rahman, Md, and Tanmoy Dey. "Challenges of Conserving and Co-Managing Khadimnagar National Park and Ratargul Fresh Water Swamp Forest in Bangladesh." Journal of Forests 8, no. 2 (2021): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.101.2021.82.171.181.
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National Parks are protected areas conserving all types of flora, fauna and their habitats regardless of generic diversification. In Bangladesh, protected area managers face difficulties to conserve these areas. This study is formulated to find out those existing difficulties against effective co-management of natural resources based on the local people’s perception. A purposive sampling is followed by a semi-structured interview to gather data from the field level of Khadimnagar National Park and Ratargul Fresh Water Swamp Forest from September 2019 to December 2019 by interviewing 100 local people for RFWSF and KNP on the basis of a qualitative research method. Both inhabitants and the Forest Department are found to be responsible for inhibiting the effective management of the subjected areas meanwhile difficulties related to motivation, cordiality, alternative job generation, financial support to management authority, tourism management and resource extraction from forests mainly prevail. To ensure substantial sustainability, both of the actors should come forward to find out a way to get rid of this devastation and to ameliorate the socio-economic condition of these areas. Arranging more conferences to raise motivation, awareness about the forest offenses and generating alternative sources of income can be counted as a strategy to reduce pressure on both forests.
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Randriamady, Hervet J., Seollee Park, Danamona Andrianarimanana, Abdy Berobia, and Christopher D. Golden. "The effect of conservation policies on wildlife hunting and consumption in north-eastern Madagascar." Environmental Conservation 48, no. 3 (2021): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892921000217.
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SummaryThe Makira Natural Park (Makira) is the largest terrestrial protected area in Madagascar, supporting nearly 200,000 people living around the park, who derive a significant proportion of their animal-source foods from hunting. Makira is currently managed with three different policies: (1) traditional management with no external assistance; (2) community-based forest management (Gestion Contractualisée des Forêts; GCF) with non-governmental support and externally developed policies; and (3) strict external management policies (Zone d’Occupation Controlée; ZOC), meaning a zone of controlled residence for communities inside the core protected area. Here, we longitudinally assess the impacts of these policies on wildlife hunting and consumption by using a difference-in-differences method to evaluate policy efficacy. We found that externally developed conservation policies led to drastically reduced wildlife hunting and consumption in Makira. We also found that public education in the form of environmental awareness-raising, conducted 1 year before adoption, led to a greater concealment of hunting behaviours. Overall, wildlife hunting and consumption have decreased in the Makira region since the adoption of GCF and ZOC policies and could be effective at reducing the unsustainable wildlife hunting across the Makira, particularly when supported by economic development and the creation of alternative sources of livelihood and food.
Book chapters on the topic "Alternative sources of proteins and protected area"
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Checchinato, Francesca, Cinzia Colapinto, and Pietro Lanzini. "Il novel food fra paura, accettazione e risposte delle imprese." In Traiettorie di sviluppo per le imprese agroalimentari: sfide, management e innovazione. Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-835-4/002.
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The food sector is a key element of the Italian economy that is currently experiencing a period of invasive changes. The search for new types of sustainable food is now a priority on the agenda of policy makers, experts, scientists and companies, with alternative proteins representing the most explored area, encompassing the shift from traditional to new sources of nutrients. In addition, consumers are increasingly seeking enticing and diverse sensory experiences, leading companies to propose innovations related to flavours, ingredients and technologies. The chapter analyses consumer behaviour and attitudes towards so‐called novel foods, as well as the possible response of companies. In particular, the main factors that impact on choice will be illustrated: psychological and socio‐demographic aspects, elements linked to the product itself and the technology used in its processing, and external factors. Our research shows that when faced with a lack of knowledge about new technologies or new ingredients/food, consumers need to be educated and guided through different channels and sources. Communication, design and packaging elements should be oriented to support the introduction of novelty, facilitating decision‐making processes and balancing the need for familiarity with the need for novelty.
Conference papers on the topic "Alternative sources of proteins and protected area"
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Kopecký, Marek, Jaroslav Bernas, Ladislav Kolář, and Pavlína Hloucalová. "MONITORING OF ENERGY GAIN AND EROSION PROTECTION OF CORN AND TALL WHEATGRASS CROPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.084.
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With the growing energy demand of the society and the increased requirements for ecological aspects of obtaining and utilizing energies, renewable energy sources have been getting to the forefront. In the conditions of Central Europe, transformation of biomass to biogas through anaerobic digestion appears to be promising. The article describes the results of a field experiment carried out in an experimental site of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice (South Bohemia, Czech Republic). The goal of the article is to compare the conventionally grown corn (Zea mays L., hybrid Simao), the areas of which have increased considerably as a result of the development of biogas stations, and the alternative perennial grass called tall wheatgrass (Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus cv. Szarvasi-1), which is, according to the literature, well positioned to replace corn. The harvests of the plants took place in 2013-2015, and tall wheatgrass was cut twice per season. A number of aspects – dry phytomass yield, specific methane yield and hectare methane yield – were monitored. In addition, the long-term soil loss by water erosion was calculated through the Universal Soil Loss Equation for both species of energy crops. In terms of yield parameters and methane production, better results were achieved by corn, given the average energy gain 238 GJ·ha-1 as compared to 126 GJ·ha-1 for tall wheatgrass. The protection of the soil surface from water erosion by corn appears to be insufficient and, in this criterion, it absolutely lags behind the anti-erosion abilities of tall wheatgrass, which protects soil incomparably better.