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Journal articles on the topic 'Alternative to the death penalty'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Steiker, Carol S., and Jordan M. Steiker. "The American Death Penalty." New Criminal Law Review 22, no. 4 (2019): 359–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nclr.2019.22.4.359.

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The Supreme Court’s constitutional regulation of the American death penalty has yielded a plethora of doctrines that have shaped an alternative criminal justice process that is (mostly) limited to capital cases. Many of these doctrines offer a vision and practice of “roads not taken” in the ordinary criminal justice process that would be attractive improvements in that larger system. We consider three of these doctrines: (1) more searching review of the proportionality of sentencing outcomes; (2) imposition of a requirement of individualized sentencing that has led to the investigation and pre

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2

Petrić, Branko. "Death penalty: Yes or no." Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 71, no. 12 (1999): 336–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv9910336p.

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The author gives an overview of arguments for and against death penalty. He considers that the arguments speaking in favor of the existence of death penalty are more justified. He expresses his opinion that the death penalty should be retained in the criminal code and that it should be provided as an alternative punishment for aggravated criminal acts such as first degree murder, homicide committed in the course of robbery, crimes against the state and its security, against humanity and international law. crimes against armed forces at times of mobilization or war.

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3

Friedrichs, David O. "Comment—Humanism and the death penalty: An alternative perspective." Justice Quarterly 6, no. 2 (1989): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07418828900090131.

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4

Nurfatlah, Titin, Amiruddin Amiruddin, and Ufran Ufran. "The Shift Paradigm of the Death Penalty in the Draft Criminal Code." Unram Law Review 4, no. 1 (2020): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/ulrev.v4i1.111.

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This study aims to determine the concept of the death penalty in the future Indonesian criminal law. The method used is a normative research method. The approaches in this research are the statute approach, conceptual approach, historical approach, and comparative approach. The conclusion based on the results of the research, the death penalty in the Draft of the Penal Code is no longer a primary punishment but has separate rules. The provisions of the death penalty in the Draft Penal Code is particular and as an alternative punishment. The purpose of this death penalty provision includes givi

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5

Widyaningrum, Hesti. "Perbandingan Pengaturan Hukuman Mati di Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat." Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi 3, no. 1 (2020): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/volksgeist.v3i1.3777.

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This article discuss the comparison of the death penalty between Indonesia and the United States which has a different legal system. This study used normative juridical method by comparing the legal system and the implementation of death penalty in the two countries. The difference of the death penalty in Indonesia and the United States lies in the crime. In America, life-threatening, cruel crimes and genocide are regulated in the United States Code. Whereas in Indonesia, Criminal death for genocide, foreign smuggling crimes, and drug crimes are enforced in the Special Act where the crime is i

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6

Budic, Marina. "Kant's retributivism and the death penalty." Theoria, Beograd 60, no. 3 (2017): 130–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo1703130b.

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The paper deals with Kant's notion of punishment in general, as well as one specific form of punishment, namely, the death penalty. In the first part of the article we will exmine, Kant's views on punishment as well as an extent to which it is retributive. According to Kant's view, offenders should be punished exclusively for having committed an offense (retribution), and proportionally to the crime commited (ius talionis). In recent literature, there are interpretations that indicate Kant's criminal theory is not completely retributive, but rather combined, so that it contains elements of ret

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7

Bedau, Hugo Adam. "How to Argue about the Death Penalty." Israel Law Review 25, no. 3-4 (1991): 466–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700010554.

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Argument over the death penalty — especially in the United States during the past generation — has been concentrated in large part on trying to answer various disputed questions of fact. Among them two have been salient: is the death penalty a better deterrent to crime (especially murder) than the alternative of imprisonment? Is the death penalty administered in a discriminatory way — in particular, are black or other nonwhite offenders (or offenders whose victims are white) more likely to be tried, convicted, sentenced to death, and executed than whites (or than offenders whose victims are no

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8

Javed, Muhammad Waqas, and Naila Kareem. "Death Penalty in Pakistan in nexus with International Human Rights Laws and Sharia’h." Journal of Law & Social Studies 2, no. 2 (2020): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52279/jlss.02.02.7886.

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In the instant study, we focus to point out Islamic perspective in relation to international human rights laws pertaining to death penalty in the context of Pakistan. We have discussed the perspective certain jurists who claim qisas is an alternative prayer, and it can be abolished. However, the study maintains that Islamic injunctions support, and recommend for capital punishment for certain offences, while diyatis an alternative penalty. Further, we have deliberated death penalty in the light of human rights conventions with special focus on Article 6 of the International Covenant of Civil a

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Rifai, Eddy. "An Analysis of the Death Penalty in Indonesia Criminal Law." Sriwijaya Law Review 1, no. 2 (2017): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.28946/slrev.vol1.iss2.44.pp191-200.

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This research uses normative juridical approach to study on the analysis of the death penalty executions and the legal policy of death executions in Indonesia. There are delays on death executions for the convicted person since they entitled to using rights namely filing a judicial review (PK/Peninjauan Kembali). Furthermore, the legal loophole in the execution of the death penalty by the publication of the Constitutional Court Number 107 / PUU-XIII / 2015 which assert that the Attorney as the executor can ask the convicted person or his family whether to use their rights or not if the convict

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10

Sina, La. "Implementation of the Death Penalty in the Perspective of Human Rights in Indonesia." Hasanuddin Law Review 2, no. 3 (2016): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v2i3.695.

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The 1945 Constitution of Indonesia provides for rights to life and to remain free from torture that are fundamental human rights that shall not be curtailed under any circumstance. Since 1945, Indonesia does not regulate the protection of the right of life to the citizens. Until 1946, enacted Law No. 1 of 1946 concerning the Indonesian Criminal Code which in several provisions concerning the death penalty. Death sentences and executions in Indonesia is always debatable. However, it is still implemented and can not be avoided, unless the change of its legal provisions. This study was a normativ

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11

Holmes, Billy. "Secretive Symbolism? The Death Penalty, Executions, and Japan." Criminal Law Forum 31, no. 4 (2020): 579–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10609-020-09402-0.

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AbstractThe importance of analysing the death penalty and state-imposed executions is derived from their concerning the right to life, and their retaining wide-spread support throughout retentionist, abolitionist de facto, and abolitionist states worldwide. Discrepancies in the execution rates of retentionist states appear reducible to their serving symbolic or pragmatic functions i.e. they are used primarily to validate public opinion or primarily to deter crime. Prima facie, Japan seems akin to a symbolic state, due to its low execution rate and its official justification for both retaining

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12

Jou, Susyan, and Bill Hebenton. "Support for the Death Penalty in Taiwan?: a Study of Value Conflict and Ambivalence." Asian Journal of Criminology 15, no. 2 (2019): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11417-019-09305-z.

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AbstractWhile a substantial number of studies have examined public opinion on the death penalty in the USA, and more recently parts of Asia, including China, very few empirical studies have considered support for the death penalty in Taiwan. This paper examines public attitudes in Taiwan and the role of ‘value conflict’ in attitudes to both death penalty abolition and in the context of alternatives. Using the results of 1016 respondents drawn from a national face-to-face sample (n = 2039) survey conducted by the Taiwan Alliance to End the Death Penalty (TAEDP) in 2014, we demonstrate that publ

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13

Hutapea, Bungasan. "ALTERNATIF PENJATUHAN HUKUMAN MATI DI INDONESIA DILIHAT DARI PERSPEKTIF HAM (Alternative of Death Penalty of Human Rights Perspective, In Indonesia)." Jurnal HAM 7, no. 2 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/ham.2016.7.170.

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Penjatuhan pidana mati merupakan bagian terpenting dari proses peradilan pidana. Penerapan pidana mati oleh Negara melalui putusan pengadilan, berarti Negara mengambil hak hidup terpidana yang merupakan hak asasi manusia yang sifatnya tidak dapat dibatasi (non derogable). Oleh karena itu penerapannya harus memperhatikan Hak Asasi Manusia terpidana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penjatuhan hukuman mati bagi pelaku kejahatan, bertentangan dengan atau tidak dengan hak asasi manusia dan kriteria penjatuhan pidana mati bagi pelaku kejahatan yang tidak bertentangan dengan hak asasi m

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Hutapea, Bungasan. "ALTERNATIF PENJATUHAN HUKUMAN MATI DI INDONESIA DILIHAT DARI PERSPEKTIF HAM (Alternative of Death Penalty of Human Rights Perspective, In Indonesia)." Jurnal HAM 7, no. 2 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/ham.2016.7.69-83.

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Penjatuhan pidana mati merupakan bagian terpenting dari proses peradilan pidana. Penerapan pidana mati oleh Negara melalui putusan pengadilan, berarti Negara mengambil hak hidup terpidana yang merupakan hak asasi manusia yang sifatnya tidak dapat dibatasi (non derogable). Oleh karena itu penerapannya harus memperhatikan Hak Asasi Manusia terpidana. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penjatuhan hukuman mati bagi pelaku kejahatan, bertentangan dengan atau tidak dengan hak asasi manusia dan kriteria penjatuhan pidana mati bagi pelaku kejahatan yang tidak bertentangan dengan hak asasi m

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Ludiana, Tia. "EKSISTENSI PIDANA MATI DALAM PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA (KAJIAN TERHADAP PIDANA MATI DALAM RUU KUHP)." Vol. 21 No 1 April 2020, no. 21 (July 14, 2020): 60–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/litigasi.v21i1.2394.

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A number of criminal laws in Indonesia impose capital punishment including the KUHP. Death penalty has raised pros and cons in its imposement while countries around the world has abolished the penalty. Indonesia, however, seems to keep this provision applies as seen in the articles of the RUU KUHP that imposes capital punishment even though it is slightly different in nature from what is in KUHP. This writing aimed to learn about the existence of the capital punishment through its development from it is in the KUHP and in RUU KUHP. The findings of thisresearch showed that death penalty regulat

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Makhfud, M. "Urgensi Hukuman Mati Bagi Koruptor Dengan Pengabaian Penderitaan Yang Akan Diderita." SALAM: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-i 6, no. 3 (2019): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v6i3.13200.

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Abstract:A guilty person deserves the penalty of punishment, and must get suffering in return, without considering how much benefit to society if he is subject to punishment. Regardless of how big the consequences of moral punishment someone who has done wrong is better in law than not punished. Therefore, the authors provide an alternative sanction of the death penalty as an alternative final punishment for perpetrators of corruption. So that it can be a meaningful lesson for the next generation. This study uses qualitative methods on the available data. In addition to analyzing and observing

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Степанова, Ольга, and Olga Stepanova. "The death penalty in the United States of America." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2019, no. 2 (2019): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2019-2-185-191.

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This article is devoted to the death penalty. The death penalty is currently used in most states of America, a list of which is listed in the text of the article and is shown in the figure. The author of the article analyzes the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the execution of death sentences in the United States of America, namely: information on the sentenced is given depending on the convicted person, the number of executed sentences in 2018, analyzed and described the dynamics of changes in the execution of sentences during twenty years, from 1999 to the present, the category of

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18

Miao, Michelle. "Defining Death-Eligible Murder in China." American Journal of Comparative Law 67, no. 2 (2019): 327–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcl/avz017.

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Abstract The central purpose of this Article is to illuminate the process and politics of China’s sentencing regime for capital murder. Since 2007, China’s death penalty reform has resulted in a recalibration of the convicted murderer’s eligibility for execution. The reform heralded a substantial decline in the number of capital sentences, as well as a rise of an alternative to execution: the suspended death sentence. In the reform era, how do Chinese courts determine who should be spared from execution and who deserves the ultimate punishment of death? This Article uses a quantitative analysi

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Mulyadi, Lilik. "PEMIDANAAN TERHADAP PENGEDAR DAN PENGGUNA NARKOBA : Penelitian Asas, Teori, Norma dan Praktik Peradilan." Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 1, no. 2 (2012): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.25216/jhp.1.2.2012.311-337.

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Formulation types of criminal sanctions (strafsoort) is considered the most appropriate, appropriate and fair for appropriate drugdealers Narcotics Act (Act No. 35of 2009) and Psychotropic Substances Act (Act No. 22 of 1997) andjudicial practicebe assessedfrom the perspective of the principles, theories, norms andjudicial practiceis a system of cumulative-alternative formulation (mixed /combined) between the death penalty, life imprisonment or imprisonment, or a fine, while the length of the formulation of criminals anctions (straafmaat) is considered the most appropriate, appropriateand fair

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20

Amini, Mahbube. "Understanding the Nature and Context of Domestic Homicide Committed by Female Victims of Domestic Violence in Iran: Examining Current and Alternative Criminal Justice Responses." International Annals of Criminology 58, no. 1 (2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cri.2020.21.

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AbstractDomestic homicide is the most serious type of violence in a marital relationship, which is punishable by the death penalty as retaliation (Qisas) according to the Penal Code of Iran. The present paper analyzes why a woman commits this crime (the killing of her husband), examining the killer’s status in a marital relationship. Data show that the killers had been victims of domestic violence for 10–25 years. In other words, domestic homicide has a direct relationship with the killer being victimized by domestic violence, including physical (assault and battery), mental (insult and obscen

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21

HOWELLS, GARY N., KELLY A. FLANAGAN, and VIVIAN HAGAN. "Does Viewing a Televised Execution Affect Attitudes Toward Capital Punishment?" Criminal Justice and Behavior 22, no. 4 (1995): 411–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854895022004005.

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Two hundred and ninety one registered California voters completed Peterson and Thurstone's Attitude Toward Capital Punishment scale. About half of the participants then viewed a videotape of two executions, and the other participants watched a nature film. All of the respondents then completed an alternative version of the capital punishment attitude scale. Significantly more viewers of the execution videotape reduced their support for capital punishment than did viewers of the control film, suggesting that resumption of public (i.e., televised) executions may somewhat reduce support for the d

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Yu. Melnikov, Victor, Marina A. Cherkasova, Evgeniya S. Selivanova, Andrei V. Seregin, K. A. Dolgopolov, and Anna V. Aleksandrova. "THE EGALITARIAN PRINCIPLES OF THE OLD BOHEMIAN STATEHOOD AND THE LEGAL SYSTEM." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 4 (2019): 921–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.74124.

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Purpose: The article is devoted to the study of egalitarian principles of medieval Czech statehood and the legal system. Methods: The authors pay special attention to the peculiarities of family self-government of the Czech communities, the institution of hazing in land law and the mechanism of reconciliation as an alternative to the death penalty. Findings: The paper proves that tribal remnants of the customary law of the ancient Czech people in the medieval era contributed to the preservation of egalitarian democratic principles of public administration and justice.

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JONES, PETER R. "It's Not What You Ask, It's the Way That You Ask It: Question Form and Public Opinion on the Death Penalty." Prison Journal 74, no. 1 (1994): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855594074001003.

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For all their faults, public opinion polls are of great importance to public policymaking, especially on issues that are highly visible and controversial. In the context of capital punishment, researchers have repeatedly documented the strong relationship that exists among public, judicial, and legislative opinion. During the past two decades, popular public opinion poll results in the United States have shown considerable growth in the support of capital punishment. Although criticized as grossly overly simplistic, these polls are often employed to show that legislative and judicial decision

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Miles, Toni, Amanda Brown, and Pamela O’Rouke. "CHANGING THE CULTURE OF ADVANCE CARE PLANNING, DEATH, DYING, AND BEREAVEMENT CARE IN NURSING HOMES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.645.

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Abstract Cultural change, using an Eden Alternative metaphor, means that palliative care becomes ‘the servant of genuine human caring, not its master’. This project, funded through the Georgia Civil Monetary Penalty Fund Reinvestment Program (CMPRP), aimed to gather information from multiple stakeholders to promote changes in the culture of advance care planning, death, dying, and bereavement care in nursing homes. Staff, residents and families from nine nursing homes provided perspectives through qualitative interviews (n=70). Participants were drawn from both small facilities and corporate e

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Cherekhovich, M. M. "Development of the system of punishments without isolation from society in the Russian criminal law until 1917." Actual Problems of Russian Law, no. 8 (September 20, 2019): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2019.105.8.041-046.

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The article investigates the process of development of the system of punishments applied without isolation from society in the Russian criminal law during the period from the 9th century till 1917. On the basis of the analysis of the most important written sources of law, the author concludes that deprivation of liberty had not been applied as a type of criminal punishment until the 16th century. The type of punishment under consideration had the features of an ecclesiastical and repentant penalty. The leading role in the system of punishment was assigned to various types of fines, monetary pe

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Ananda, Azzahra Rizki. "Correctional Institution’s Construction In The Death-Convicted Supervision." Pancasila and Law Review 2, no. 1 (2021): 01–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/plr.v2i1.2212.

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The death row inmate becomes one of the members of the Correctional Institution or Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) when the convict is waiting for the execution time or if the convict is still making a legal effort. This raises problems from the aspect of the rules, which form the basis of prisons' authority in the guidance of death row inmates because the provisions on the development of capital punishment do not have specific regulations. The problem in this research is the urgency of guiding death convicts in prison; how it is implemented, and is there any difference in the guidance for deat

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Getek Soltis, Kathryn, and Katie Walker Grimes. "Order, Reform, and Abolition: Changes in Catholic Theological Imagination on Prisons and Punishment." Theological Studies 82, no. 1 (2021): 95–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040563921996050.

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Catholic thinking on prisons and punishment is in a state of flux. For most of its history, the church promoted a theology of order and obedience. Yet, a humanitarian revolution appears underway as the church now opposes punishments it once prescribed, namely torture, slavery, and the death penalty. Crafted largely in response to the prison system in the United States, recent alternatives to the moral-order approach appeal to human dignity, restorative justice, conversion, and social justice. Even so, the trajectory of Catholic moral imagination on punishment bears a particular compatibility w

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Suhartono, Adam. "Pembunuhan Dengan Mutilasi Menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Dan Hukum Pidana Islam." Al-Jinayah: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam 2, no. 1 (2016): 104–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/aj.2016.2.1.104-127.

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Abstract: This article discusses the crime of murder with mutilation according to the Criminal Code and the Islamic Criminal Law. Murder with mutilation murder is committed by the purpose to destroy evidence. Article which is often used as a legal basis for the criminal murder with mutilation is Article 340 of the Criminal Code with a maximum penalty of death which is sometime as an alternative to imprisonment. While in the Islamic criminal law, sanction for deliberate murder is qishâsh. Murder with mutilation is a deliberated and planned murder coupled with sadism of the perpetrator (in this

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Badawy, Tarek. "Towards a Contemporary View of Islamic Criminal Procedures: A Focus on the Testimony of Witnesses." Arab Law Quarterly 23, no. 3 (2009): 269–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157302509x454717.

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AbstractThis paper challenges the traditional conception of Islamic criminal law and provides alternatives to the rules of criminal procedures that are both compatible with modern life and the sprit of Shari'ah. The first part of the article provides a brief explanation of the four main sources of Islamic law. The second part focuses on the different classifications of crimes in Islamic law and explains Shari'ah's classical rules of evidence. It gives answers to some complicated legal questions by examining the law's underlying rationales. For example, the author challenges the conservative vi

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Durham, Timothy C., and Tamás Mizik. "Comparative Economics of Conventional, Organic, and Alternative Agricultural Production Systems." Economies 9, no. 2 (2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies9020064.

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Agricultural production systems are a composite of philosophy, adoptability, and careful analysis of risks and rewards. The two dominant typologies include conventional and organics, while biotechnology (GM) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) represent situational modifiers. We conducted a systematic review to weigh the economic merits—as well as intangibles through an economic lens—of each standalone system and system plus modifier, where applicable. Overall, 17,485 articles were found between ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, with 213 initially screened based on putative relevance. Of thos

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Stankevič, Adam. "The Punishment of Murderers in the Noble Courts of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Second Half of the 18th Century." Lithuanian Historical Studies 24, no. 1 (2020): 31–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/25386565-02401002.

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This article gives an analysis of the punishment the noble courts of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania applied to murderers in the second half of the 18th century, where the noble courts acted as courts of first instance in hearing murder cases. The author aims to determine the catalogue of punishments applied in such cases and the trends in the application of punishments in terms of how they conformed with the valid legal norms of the day, and search for manifestations of the humanisation of the law. After an examination of 184 verdicts, the author found that in cases of wilful murder, the noble c

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Remeseiro Fernández, Manuel Óscar. "El «vigilantismo » como reflejo del fracaso del sistema jurídico-penal estadounidense en los años setenta: análisis de la película «Death Wish» (El justiciero de la ciudad)." Revista de Derecho de la UNED (RDUNED), no. 23 (March 14, 2019): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rduned.23.2018.24036.

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El Vigilantismo es una corriente ideológica que propugnael derecho a la autodefensa de los individuos cuando el Estadono es capaz de proporcionársela de manera eficaz. Experimentó unconsiderable auge en los Estados Unidos a partir de los años setenta,presentándose como una alternativa válida en la lucha contra la elevadacriminalidad. El Vigilantismo defiende una visión eminentemente punitivade la Justicia. La película «Death Wish», de Michael Winner (ParamountPictures, 1974), y protagonizada por Charles Bronson, en el papelde Paul Kersey, retrata de forma certera esta doctrina.Vigilantism is a

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Ekirch, A. Roger. "The Transportation of Scottish Criminals to America during the Eighteenth Century." Journal of British Studies 24, no. 3 (1985): 366–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385840.

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In the last few years there has been a growth of interest in the history of crime and law enforcement in early modern Scotland. Recent studies by Stephen Davies, Bruce Lenman, and Geoffrey Parker have described the intricate operation of the country's criminal justice system. Relatively little attention, however, has been paid to the role played by transportation. During the eighteenth century, banishing criminals to the American colonies became the most common punishment employed by higher courts. By providing a merciful alternative to the death penalty without putting the public at serious r

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Purakayastha, Anindya Sekhar. "Death Penalty." Radical Philosophy Review 19, no. 2 (2016): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/radphilrev201619266.

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Bezirganian, John. "Death Penalty." Psychiatric News 41, no. 17 (2006): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.41.17.0035b.

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Rogers, Richard, and Robert M. Wettstein. "Death penalty." Behavioral Sciences & the Law 5, no. 4 (1987): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2370050402.

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Agustine, Oly Viana. "JUDGE DECISION AS AN ENGINEERING TOOL IN THE PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION AND MONEY LAUNDERING." Asia Pacific Fraud Journal 1, no. 1 (2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.21532/apfj.001.16.01.01.09.

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Preventing corruption and money laundering requires extra facilities and infrastructure, especially in the process of prosecution. Various measures have been taken by government to eradicate corruption and money laundering. Starting from anti-corruption education to the threat of death penalty for the convicted of corruption have been formulated and implemented in the Indonesian legislation. These measures, however, have not been able to provide maximum results in eradicating corruption and money laundering. Therefore, there should be several alternatives in preventing such cases by enhancing

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Puvanachandra, Prasanthi, Aliasgher Janmohammed, Pumla Mtambeka, Megan Prinsloo, Sebastian Van As, and Margaret M. Peden. "Affordability and Availability of Child Restraints in an Under-Served Population in South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6 (2020): 1979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17061979.

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Background: Child road traffic injuries are a major global public health problem and the issue is particularly burdensome in middle-income countries such as South Africa where injury death rates are 41 per 100,000 for under 5′s and 24.5 per 100,000 for 5–14-year-old. Despite their known effectiveness in reducing injuries amongst children, the rates of use of child restraint systems (CRS) remains low in South Africa. Little is known about barriers to child restraint use especially in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We carried out observation studies and parent/carer surveys in 7 subu

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Reed, Joyce G., and Glenn E. Rohrer. "Death Penalty Mitigation." Journal of Teaching in Social Work 20, no. 1-2 (2000): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j067v20n01_12.

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Welsh, James. "The death penalty." Lancet 362 (December 2003): s24—s25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)15063-5.

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Changkhwanyuen, Preecha. "The Death Penalty." MANUSYA 9, no. 2 (2006): 18–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00902002.

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The objective of this research is to find out how Thai academics conducting studies on the question of punishment and practitioners of work related punishment view the issue. The study relies on methods of literature review and brainstorming seminars, divided according to disciplines, and collectively as a general lecture forum. Thai academics participating in the seminar with backgrounds in law, philosophy and religion or political science presented views that were in conjunction with the findings of the research presented culminating in a number of suggestions concerning the necessity and im

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Gendin, Sidney. "The Death Penalty." Teaching Philosophy 22, no. 3 (1999): 310–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/teachphil199922344.

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Bonnie, R. J. "The death penalty." BMJ 305, no. 6850 (1992): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6850.381.

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O'Connor, M. "The death penalty." BMJ 305, no. 6855 (1992): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6855.717-b.

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Hall, P. "The death penalty." BMJ 305, no. 6855 (1992): 717–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6855.717-c.

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Ganes, S. "The death penalty." BMJ 305, no. 6861 (1992): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.305.6861.1098-b.

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Horgan, John. "The Death Penalty." Scientific American 263, no. 1 (1990): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0790-17.

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Gromov, V. E. "METHAPHYSICS OF DEATH PENALTY." Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research, no. 11 (June 27, 2017): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/ampr.v0i11.105472.

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Radelet, Michael L. "Humanizing the Death Penalty." Social Problems 48, no. 1 (2001): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sp.2001.48.1.83.

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Rahimov, Ilham. "On death penalty issues." Juridical Sciences and Education 45, no. 45 (2015): 134–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25108/2304-1730-1749.iolr.2015.45.113-152.

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