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Pippa, Stefano. "Althusser and contingency." Thesis, Kingston University, 2015. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/35854/.
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This thesis argues that the concept of contingency plays a central role in Althusser's recasting of Marxist philosophy and in his attempt to free the Marxist conception of history from concepts such as teleology, necessity and origin. It is critically placed both against those readings that see the emergence of the problematic of contingency only in the late Althusserm and to the most recent attempts to establish a straightforward continuity in Althusser's work. Drawing on published and unplublished material and covering the entirety of Althusser's philosophical itinerary, the thesis seeks both to unearth the latent presence of this problematic, and its various implications, at each stage in the development of his work. It seeks to clarify, in a systematic way, the conceptual consequences of Althusser's commitment to contingency to the received understanding of his conceptions of structural change, ideology and political action. In particular, it argues that the standpoint of contingency allows us to locate in Althusser's 'Structural Marxism' the emergence of a 'logic of irruption' and structurally under-determined development of becoming. By emphasising this logic of contingency, it then seeks to produce a more nuanced assessment of his theory of ideology through the introduction of the concept of 'overinterpellation'. It finally attempts to distinguish two moments in the emergence (from the early 1970s onward) of a materialism of contingency, first political and then philosophical; the problematic coexistence of these two aspects helps to account for the unstable charactoer of Althusser's late philosophical project.
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Zeng, Zhisheng. "Louis Althusser : l'homme, l'oeuvre." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100117.
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En assimilant la théorie de Bachelard et de Spinoza, sous l'influence de J. Martin, Louis Althusser intervient dans des discussions sur le marxisme. Il étudie avec une méthode particulière: "lecture symptomatique", la théorie marxiste dont il tire des conclusions très connues : le marxisme est antihumanisme, antihistoricisme, anti empirisme, et il pose de nouveaux concepts, tels que la "coupure épistémologique", la "surdétermination" et la " problématique", etc. On lui doit des apports remarquables au matérialisme historique et à la dialectique matérialiste du marxisme. Mais dans sa théorie, il existe des insuffisances et certaines erreurs, comme la tendance théoriciste, l'impression structuraliste. En définitive, il n'est pas structuraliste, il est philosophe marxiste françaisBy assimilating the theory of Bachelard and of Spinoza, under influence of J. Martin, Louis Althusser studies with one exceptional method called "symptomatical reading" the marxism which he deduct some conclusions : marxism is antihumanism, antihistoricism and antiempiricism; thus he lays new concepts, as the "epistemologicalcut", the "overdetermination" and the "problematic". . . He gives us remarkable contributions to the marxism's theory. But, in his theory, there are insufficiencies or some mistakes: the theoricist tendence, the structuralist impression. Finally, he is not a structuralist, but a french marxist philosoph
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Rodríguez, Arriagada Marcelo. "La tendencia materialista de Louis Althusser." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/131381.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en FilosofíaAutor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento.
Dicho en términos extremadamente esquemáticos, la filosofía de Althusser, en última instancia, también puede dividirse en dos períodos: el períodoque va desde la “Mémoire de DES” de 1948 hasta el texto “Sobre el joven Marx (cuestiones de teoría)” de 1961, y el período que se abre con “Contradicción y sobredeterminación” de 1962, y que termina con los últimos textos de Althusser de fines de los años 80. Por supuesto, si partimos de la constatación de que la obra althusseriana es compleja y contradictoria, esta hipótesis debería matizarse en muchos aspectos, ya que es imposible reducir las múltiples líneas teóricas abiertas por Althusser sólo a dos direcciones. Sin embargo, es posible identificar entre la multiplicidad una serie de tendencias ‘dominantes’ que nos permiten delimitar la filosofía althusseriana en dos momentos. En el “primer período” la tendencia predominante es de corte positivista, o empirista. En el “segundo período”, la tendencia que rompe con la problemática de las tendencias anteriores puede ser definida como materialista. Para dar luces sobre esta ‘ruptura’ que opera al interior de su obraarticularemos una serie de líneas teóricas y conceptos trabajados por Althusser, como son los conceptos lectura sintomal, distancia interior, tópica, y comienzo.De este modo, será posible afirmar, por ejemplo, que así como “la forma de pensamiento que vemos en acción en Rousseau, y que rige todo, es el pensamiento del origen”, una de las formas de pensamiento que vemos en acción en Althusser es el pensamiento del comienzo, el cual marca una distancia irreductible entre su sentido y el dado por las críticas habituales dirigidas contra él.
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Elliott, G. J. "Louis Althusser and the politics of theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371625.
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Pfeifer, Geoffrey Dennis. "The New Materialism: Althusser, Badiou, and Zizek." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4202.
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This dissertation traces the post-Marxist and materialist positions of two leading contemporary European thinkers: Slavoj Zizek and Alain Badiou. These thinkers, I argue, collectively offer a way between the traditional Hegelian Marxist's overarching meta-narrative of a necessary evolution from worse to better, and the post-modern pessimism of a lack of possibility for such a social evolution. It is this middle path, offered by these two thinkers, that this dissertation seeks to explore and further explain. The focal point of this dissertation is the type of philosophical materialism that is collectively offered by Badiou and Zizek, what I call the "New Materialism." I first explain the origins of this materialist position as it emerges in the thought of Louis Althusser, then I discuss how Badiou and Zizek, each in their own way, seek to correct the remaining problems that exist for the Althusserian position, while refusing to reject its core materialist insights. Finally, I assess the ways in which both Badiou and Zizek attempt to overcome the Althusserian problems, arguing that ultimately Zizek's corrective succeeds in remaining within the materialist paradigm laid out by Althusser, whereas Badiou's method brings him dangerously close to a kind of philosophical idealism that he wishes to avoid.
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Pinzolo, Luca. "Sur le matérialisme aléatoire de Louis Althusser." Nice, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NICE2037.
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La thèse est consacrée à la dernière philosophie de Louis Althusser, dans laquelle il s’engage à la reconstruction du marxisme à la lumière de la notion du matérialisme de la rencontre. Le but de la recherche est l’exposition et l’élucidation des concepts théoriques de la nouvelle philosophie d’Althusser et, dans le même temps, les éléments de continuité entre le matérialisme aléatoire et les écrits publiées par Althusser dans son vivant (Pour Marx, Lire Le capital). Les thèmes de la « conjonction » et de la « rencontre » sont ce qui constitue le lien avec la lecture du Capital de Marx et le matérialisme de la rencontreThe dissertation is dedicated to the late philosophy of Louis Althusser: one interpretation of the Marxism based on the concept of materialism of the encounter. The purpose of the research was the exposition et the explanation of the concepts of this new althusserian philosophy and, at the same time, the exhibition of some common elements between the aleatory materialism and the classical works published by Althusser (For Marx; Reading the Capital). The concepts of “conjunction” and “encounter” are the connection between the interpretation of The Capital by Marx et the materialism of the encounter
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Sato, Yoshiyuki. "Pouvoir et résistance : Foucault, Deleuze, Derrida, Althusser /." Paris : l'Harmattan, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41044229p.
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Pallotta, Julien. "Politique et État à partir de Louis Althusser." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20077.
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Ce travail se propose de revenir sur l'intervention de Louis Althusser dans le champ de la théorisation sociale et politique. Il a été motivé par la conviction qu'aujourd'hui Althusser, bien que chronologiquement proche de nous, est oublié, voire refoulé : ainsi, son objectif aura été à la fois de restituer, par l'examen des sources publiées (aussi bien du vivant de l'auteur qu'après sa mort) et de documents inédits du fonds de l'IMEC, la théorie ou l'esquisse de théorisation althussérienne de l'État et de mesurer un « effet-Althusser » sur la conjoncture philosophique française des années 1970 et suivantes (auprès de ses collaborateurs fidèles, comme Balibar, et dans une moindre mesure, Poulantzas, ou infidèles, comme Rancière ou Badiou, aussi bien qu'auprès de ses ennemis « intimes » Foucault et Bourdieu). Le résultat de cette enquête sur la théorisation althussérienne de la politique et de l'État a révélé une tension insurmontable en son sein : la politique y est écartelée entre deux modes d'existence distincts et, à la limite, incompatibles, entre, d'un côté, la thèse d'une régulation continue de la conflictualité sociale par l'État, et d'un autre côté, la thèse d'une alternative radicale incarnée par un hypothétique, nécessaire et improbable « parti hors-État »The dissertation is a study of Althusser's contribution to social and political theory. Indeed, although chronologically close to us, Althusser is often forgotten, if not repressed. By examining published sources (including Althusser's posthumous works) and unpublished documents from the IMEC library, this study tries to re-establish the Althusserian theory of the state - or the basic premises of a theory -, and to assess a possible "Althusser-effect" on French philosophy from the 1970s on, in the works of his faithful disciples such as Balibar, and, to a certain extent, Poulantzas, and unfaithful ones like Rancière or Badiou, as well as in the philosophical output of his most "intimate" enemies, Foucault and Bourdieu). There appears to be an insuperable tension at the core of the Althusserian theory of Politics and State. His view on politics is tom between two separate - if not incompatible - modes of existence; on the one hand, the idea of a continuous regulation of social conflict by the State, and on the other hand, the idea of a radical alternative epitomized by a hypothetical, necessary and improbable "out-of-the-State Party"
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Mitaut, Blandine Marie. "Louis Althusser & Pierre Rivière faire œuvrer la folie /." Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1133553304.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of French and Italian, 2005.Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [1], iii, 50 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 48-50).
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Moore, Nikki (Nikki Michelle). "Between work : Michel Foucault, Louis Althusser and Jacques Martin." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33028.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 120-124).
Introduction: Between the work and friendships of Jacques Martin, Michel Foucault and Louis Althusser there are moments, images and texts which tempt us to say, ah... 'that's he,' and furthermore, 'that is his work.' Yet, the textual collaborations of Foucault, Martin and Althusser can be seen as process of subjectivation, even cannibalism, which blurs the boundary between self and other.
by Nikki Moore.
S.M.
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Cassin, Marcos. "Louis Althusser e o papel politico/ideologico da escola." [s.n.], 2002. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/253635.
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Orientador : Silvio Donizetti de Oliveira GalloTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Ribeiro, Joanir Fernando 1982. "Althusser, Marx e o problema da questão do estado." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279570.
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Orientador: Alcides Hector Rodriguez BenoitDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Algumas teorias de inspiração marxista afirmam que Marx estaria ultrapassado. Segundo esses marxistas, dentre os quais destacamos Louis Althusser, o capitalismo teria tomado rumo distinto do previsto por Marx. Assim, o fator econômico não seria mais o determinante na reprodução do sistema. Marx teria supostamente negligenciado novos fatores que se sobrepuseram ao econômico como reprodutores ideológicos das relações sociais de dominação, dentre eles o Estado como administrador do capital. O objetivo desta pesquisa é realizar uma leitura dialética da Seção I do Livro Primeiro da obra O Capital de Marx, buscando compreender em que medida Marx teria negligenciado acerca de uma teoria do Estado no capitalismo tardio. Para tanto, partimos do pressuposto de que é possível, por meio de uma exposição dialética, pensar a categoria Estado desde o início dessa obra de Marx. O grande desafio que O Capital apresenta é entender seu método de exposição que sujeita o aparecimento do conceito de Estado como totalidade desde o início e ao longo de seu desenvolvimento da obra. Dessa forma, procuramos mostrar que Marx pensa a categoria Estado dialeticamente presente-ausente já no primeiro capítulo d¿O Capital
Abstract: Some theories of marxist claim that Marx would be exceeded. According to these marxists, among which Louis Althusser, capitalism would have taken different direction predicted by Marx. Thus, the economic factor would not be the determining factor in the system's playing. Marx allegedly neglected new factors which overlapped the economic and ideological breeding of social relations of domination, including the state capital as administrator. The objective of this research is to perform a dialectical reading of Section I of Book First of the work Marx's Capital, trying to understand the extent to which Marx would have overlooked about a theory of the state in late capitalism. Therefore, we assume that it is possible, through a dialectical exposure, think the category State since the beginning of this work of Marx. The great challenge is to understand Capital presents its exposure method which makes the appearance of the concept of state as whole from the beginning and throughout its development work. Thus, we try to show that Marx thinks the State category dialectically present-absent in the first chapter of Capital
Mestrado
Filosofia
Mestre em Filosofia
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Mitaut, Blandine Marie. "LOUIS ALTHUSSER & PIERRE RIVIÈRE : FAIRE ŒUVRER LA FOLIE." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1133553304.
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Ozselcuk, Ceren. "Post -Marxism after Althusser: A critique of the alternatives." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/21/.
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Berthold, Jürg. "Althusserlektüren : Lektüre, Ideologie, Didaktik in Louis Althussers Diskurs /." Würzburg : Königshausen & Neumann, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355882153.
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Ghisu, Sebastiano. "Ewigkeit des Unbewussten - Ewigkeit der Ideologie : Psychoanalyse und historischer Materialismus bei Althusser /." Hamburg : Argument, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37095147b.
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Diss.--Berlin--Freie Universität, 1994. Titre de soutenance : Epistemologische Untersuchung zum Verhältnis von historischem Materialismus und Psychoanalyse bei Louis Althusser.Bibliogr. p. 133-136.
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Lopes, Leonardo. "O caso Althusser: articulações possíveis entre Psicanálise e Direito Penal." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/17133.
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Previous issue date: 2015-11-24Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
This research weaves articulation possibilities between the psychoanalytic field and the criminal law, using the case of the philosopher Louis Althusser, while a paradigm of tragic dimension of the not imputable. There for, it is used as an methodology the analyze of his autobiographical memories, written on "The Future Lasts Forever" (1990), five years after strangled his wife and get declared irresponsible because of a melancholic psychosis. The place of the psychotic in legal discourse calls psychoanalytic knowledge for the discussion of responsibility, which is present in the work of Jacques Lacan, since the beginning of his teaching, when he looked for an dissociation between the term "mental offender" from psychiatry, such as specific clinical operators, as" passage to the act" as well. In addition, terms common to psychoanalysis and the criminal speech, such as law, crime and guilt, assume different meanings in each field, a scenario that leads research in two means. First, the psychosis approach, as language structure produced by foreclosure of the significant in the Name-of-Father, and Althusser´s melancholy, as a permanent mourning from the emptiness left by Verwerfung. Second, the conception of homicidal crime as a passage to the act and therefore act caused by guilt feeling and whose inevitable consequence accountability. We conclude, therefore, that there is a hiatus between the law subject from the of subject of the unconscious, among legal responsibility and individual responsibility, but that does not prevent its dialogue. The subject is always responsible for his position in the structure, and the incidence of the law by criminal summons may open the possibility for stabilization. In this sense, the crime committed by Althusser was not a motivated act, but a solution against suicide law, which reveals the very melancholy unconscious structure, and that by no means could have stopped him from answering legally
A referida pesquisa procura tecer possiblidades de articulação entre o campo psicanalítico e o do direito penal, partindo do caso do filósofo Louis Althusser enquanto paradigma da dimensão trágica do inimputável. Para isso, utiliza-se como metodologia a análise de suas memórias autobiográficas, O futuro dura muito tempo (1990), escritas cinco anos depois de ter estrangulado sua esposa e ter sido declarado irresponsável por conta de uma psicose melancólica. O lugar do psicótico no discurso jurídico convoca o saber psicanalítico pela temática da responsabilização, a qual encontra-se presente na obra de Jacques Lacan desde os primórdios de seu ensino, quando procura des-psiquiatrizar o dito louco infrator e operadores clínicos específicos, como a passagem ao ato. Além disso, termos comuns à psicanálise e ao discurso penal, como lei, crime e culpa, assumem significações diversas em cada campo, cenário que conduz a investigação por duas vias. Primeiro, pela abordagem da psicose, como estrutura de linguagem efeito da foraclusão do significante do Nome-do-Pai, e da melancolia de Althusser, como um luto permanente pelo vazio deixado pela Verwerfung. Segundo, pela concepção do crime homicida como uma passagem ao ato, e, portanto, ato causado pelo sentimento de culpa e que tem como consequência inevitável a responsabilização. Conclui-se então que há uma hiância entre os pressupostos do sujeito do direito e do sujeito do inconsciente, entre responsabilidade jurídica e a responsabilidade singular, mas que não impede articulação. O sujeito é sempre responsável por sua posição na estrutura, e a incidência da lei através da convocação penal pode abrir a possiblidade para a estabilização. Nesse sentido, o crime cometido por Althusser não fora um ato imotivado, mas uma solução contra o delírio suicida, que revela a própria estrutura inconsciente da melancolia, e que nem por isso poderia tê-lo impedido de responder juridicamente
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Martins, Lucas Silveira Andrade. "Teoria social dominante e marxismo : análise crítica de Louis Althusser." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Letras e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais, 2018. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000218449.
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Louis Althusser desenvolveu um marxismo heterodoxo, sofrendo profunda influência do estruturalismo francês de sua época. O programa estruturalista iniciado por Saussure e aprofundado por Lévi-Strauss e por inúmeros autores franceses hegemoneizou a academia francesa, apresentando inúmeras categorias basilares do edifício estruturalista. Gaston Bachelard e Jacques Lacan, por exemplo, notórios autores do estruturalismo francês propiciaram um desenvolvimento metodológico largamente utilizado por Althusser. As categorias fundamentais do althusserianismo, leitura sintomal, problemática e corte epistemológico podem ser facilmente percebidos nos autores de sua época, destoando largamente do marxismo de sua época. Althusser, portanto, ao intentar reformar o marxismo, acaba por cair nas formulações hegemônicas de sua época, trazendo o marxismo, assim, para o campo estruturalista.Louis Althusser developed a heterodox Marxism, suffering deeply influence of the French structuralism of his time. The structuralist program started by Saussure and deepened by Lévi-Strauss and uncountable French authors hegemonized the Academy of France, presenting countless main categories of the structuralist building. Gaston Bachelard and Jacques Lacan, for example, notable authors of the French structuralism, provided a methodological development widely used by Althusser. The fundamental categories of the althusserianism, symptomal lecture, problematic and epistomological cut could be easily perceived in the authors of his epoch, untying widely from the Marxism of his time. Althusser, therefore, when trying to reform the Marxism, end up in hegemonic formulations of his time, bringing the Marxism, thereby, to structuralist camp.
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Kang, Kyong-Deock. "The necessity of contingency : the work of Louis Althusser, 1945-1986." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479138.
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Yen, Hsiao-Ping. "Interprétation du marxisme par Raymond Aron et Louis Althusser : leurs divergences." Paris 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA020021.
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L'origine des divergences entre l'interpretation du marxisme par althusser qui soutenait que le marxisme est la vraie science et par aron qui pensait que le marxisme est plutot ideologie que science, se situe theoriquement dans le domaine de l'epistemologie dans la mesure ou althusser a cree une epistemologie personnelle, la coupure epistemologique, pour defendre dogmatiquement la scientificite du marxisme, alors qu'aron utilisait l'epistemologie traditionnelle de la justification et l'epistemologie popperienne de la falsification afin de demontrer les limites de la scientificite du marxismeThe origin of divergences between interpretation of marxism by althusser who considered the marxism is science and by aron who thought that the marxism is more similar ideology but science, is in the domain of the epistemology theoretially. Althusser has created personal epistemology, the gap of epistemology, for defending the science of marxism dogmatically. But aron utilized the traditional epistemology by justification and the epistemology of popper by falsification, for demonstrating the limit within the science of marxism
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Onaka, Kazuya. "Pratique et temps : Louis Althusser et les "courants souterrains du matérialisme"." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100124.
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Ce travail explore la relation établie par Louis Althusser (Birmandreis, 1918 - Paris 1990) entre les différents moments de l'histoire de la philosophie. La plongée dans l'élucidation de cette relation nous conduit à définir une position post-dialectique non seulement en philosophie mais aussi en politique. La compréhension althussérienne de ces deux domaines est fondamentalement marquée par le marxisme structuraliste dont il est un des fondateurs. Le matérialisme aléatoire ou matérialisme de la rencontre, qu'Althusser élabore dans la phase ultime de sa carr-ière, vise à transformer radicalement sa problématique antérieure. Afin d'atteindre cet objectif, il se réfère notamment à trois grands philosophes : Épicure, Machiavel et Heidegger. En dehors de l'orthodoxie marxiste, il propose de réfléchir en termes nouveaux sur la possibilité de l'émancipation. Le fil conducteur de son analyse réside dans la constitution d'un autre principe du devenir. L'examen des courants souterrains du matérialisme lui permet d'en élaborer la formulationThis work examines the interaction of various moments of the history of philosophy in the corpus of Louis Althusser (Birmandreis, 1918 - Paris 1990). Althusser focuses on such interaction in order to theorize a post-dialectical logic not only for philosophical purposes but also for political practice. The structuralist marxism that he founded among others, once largely determined his understanding of these issues. But, towards the end of his career, he began to elaborate the idea of the aleatory materialism or, in other words, the materialism of the encounter which transforms his earlier problematic. In the light of this new perspective he refers especially to three great philosophers : Epicurus, Machiavelli and Heidegger. Moving beyond the marxist orthodoxy, he is more than ever looking for the possibility of emancipation. However the main thread of his argument develops into the discovery of another principle of historical becoming. This original standpoint leads him to explore what he calls the undercurrents of the aleatory materialism
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Yen, Hsiao-Ping. "Interprétation du marxisme par Raymond Aron et Louis Althusser leurs divergences /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376192965.
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Valentin, Frédérique. "Elleinstein and Althusser : intellectual dissidents in the French Communist Party, 1972-1981." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4311/.
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This thesis examines the role played by intellectual dissidents in the French Communist Party from 1972 to 1981, focusing primarily on the philosopher Louis Althusser and the historian Jean Elleinstein, whose ideas in relation to the FCP were closer than previously thought. The introduction sets the background out in which the FCP evolved after the Second World War and brings us to the 1970s, the decade during which the FCP lost its steam against most expectations - as the thesis demonstrates it. The first chapter deals with the perception communist intellectual dissidents had of their Party’s internal organisation – an organisation which was deemed too rigid and too inflexible to encompass the plurality of opinion of its members. This rigidity was demonstrated by the Leadership’s refusal to recognise the right to create tendencies within the Party, as the second chapter of this thesis shows. In this context, the third chapter argues that communist intellectual dissidents felt suffocated by a Party which did not give them enough leeway, even more so since it claimed to be the Party of the working class – a position which threatened the Party’s adaptation to social change and which is developed in chapter four. However, this thesis also puts the criticisms expressed by Althusser and Elleinstein into perspective. Indeed, if these intellectual dissidents were free to express des idées libérales et avancées, this was not the case for the FCP leadership. The Soviet Union and its KGB had too strong a grip over the Party and its General Secretary, Georges Marchais, for the FCP leadership to be able to act freely. In that sense, if the FCP gave up the concept of dictatorship of the proletariat in 1976, as the fifth chapter shows, it could not criticise the Soviet Union too much, as chapter six demonstrates, nor get too close to the French Socialist Party as chapter seven shows, nor let its dissident intellectuals go on expressing des vues trop dérangeantes, as chapter eight concludes. Each chapter is set against the Party’s historical background and brings us to the modern times, which have seen the French Communist Party transform itself – a transformation which would have been welcomed by Althusser and Elleinstein back in the 1970s.
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Raimondi, Fabio. "Il rapporto tra contingenza e ideologia nella filosofia politica di Louis Althusser." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426564.
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During the Cold War and especially after the failure of Stalinism, Althusser tried to give a contribution to build up a new Marxism by the production of an original "theory of ideology". The result was the draft of a new political philosophy: the so-called "aleatory materialism" that is a philosophy of contingency (or a philosophy of the un-necessary). Using at the same time Machiavelli, Spinoza and Marx, Althusser proposed an explanation of the birth of society and State with reference neither to the doctrine of natural law nor to contractualism. In the althusserian theory, the ideology (persuasion without constraint) is necessary in order to interpellate the individuals into subjects. But the ideology can fail because the class struggle is aleatory in its effects. So, beyond every kind of functionalism, a revolution is always possible starting from a deviation (clinamen), that may be the prelude of a structural yielding and so an occasion to transform the old structures or to construct something totally new.Attraverso la produzione di una "teoria dell'ideologia", innovativa rispetto a quella di Marx, Engels e Gramsci, Althusser ha cercato di contribuire alla costruzione di un marxismo in grado di rispondere in modo propositivo ai fallimenti della politica staliniana e alle sfide della guerra fredda. L'esito è stato l'ab-bozzo di una filosofia nuova, soprattutto in ambito politico: il cosiddetto "materialismo aleatorio", che è una filosofia della contingenza (o del non-necessario). Ibridando Machiavelli, Spinoza e Marx, Althusser giunse a proporre una spiegazione della nascita della società e dello Stato che non si richiamava né al giusnaturalismo né al contrattualismo e che faceva dell'ideologia (persuasione senza costrizione) un di-spositivo necessario, il cui compito era interpellare gli individui in soggetti per far loro assumere i ruoli sociali indispensabili al funzionamento della macchina produttiva. Al di là di ogni intenzione funziona-listica però, questa pratica, attraversata necessariamente dalla politica (lotta di classe), rende possibili ef-fetti di deviazione (clinamen) rispetto alla struttura: spostamenti che possono anche essere i preludi di cedimenti e quindi occasioni per trasformare le vecchie strutture o costruirne di totalmente nuove.
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Côté, Luc. "Les idéologies dans l'Idéologie : une structure complexe dans la philosophie de Louis Althusser." Mémoire, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1995. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/48/1/IdeologiesInIdeologie.pdf.
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En 1969-1970, Louis Althusser a écrit un texte d'une soixantaine de pages intitulé "Idéologie et appareils idéologiques d'État". Celui-ci était l'ébauche d'une théorie des idéologies inspirée principalement par L'idéologie allemande de Karl Marx. Par ce texte, Althusser cherchait, vraisemblablement, à préciser la position marxienne, devenue marxiste, concernant l'idéologie en général. Mon essai vise essentiellement, par extrapolation sur les données marxistes et althusseriennes, à reconstruire la théorie d'Althusser, pour en faire une théorie des idéologies qui soit moins générale, spécifiant les diverses formes qu'implique l'esquisse d'Althusser.
Sous la plume de Louis Althusser, le mot idéologie semble souvent référer, selon le contexte, à des concepts différents. Le but de mon texte est, justement, de définir ces concepts. Il est certain que, comme ébauche, le texte d'Althusser laisse une latitude appréciable lorsqu'il s'agit de définition de l'idéologie. Il me semble, cependant, avoir réussi à circonscrire l'idéologie à la Althusser dans des limites raisonnables. Tout d'abord, il m'apparaît qu'il faille situer l'Idéologie là où elle apparaît généralement, i.e. dans une conscience idéelle d'origine matérielle. Après avoir situé l'Idéologie par rapport à l'univers, je cherche à regrouper les idéologies sous des dénominations représentant leurs portées sur les individus. De cette démarche ressort trois étiquettes principales, soit celles que j'ai baptisées l'idéologie atomique, l'idéologie langagière, et l'idéologie partisane. Cette structure hiérarchique étant établie, je tente d'inclure leur mode de fonctionnement respectif (et interdépendant) dans un contexte réel, vrai... matériel, qui correspond à la vision, que j'ai baptisée de suprématie idéologique, de Louis Althusser. Par la suite, je propose une thèse personnelle qui me semble compléter celle d'Althusser. Cette dernière, que j'appelle synarchie structurale, suppose une fonction de l'idéologie qui ne se limite plus à la simple persuasion/dissuasion, mais qui, plutôt, détourne l'attention d'une classe sociale dite dominée des véritables causes de son asservissement à une classe dite dominante.
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Sirmasac, Hakan [Verfasser]. "Philosophische Distinktionen und wissenschaftliche Analytik nach Louis Althusser : Prozesse - Strukturen - Theorien / Hakan Sirmasac." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://d-nb.info/119210188X/34.
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Ferreira, Alex Lins. "O CONCEITO DE EDUCAÇÃO EM ALTHUSSER: A POSSIBILIDADE DE UMA EDUCAÇÃO PARA ALÉM DA ESCOLA." UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/15363.
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A presente dissertação teve como principal objetivo pesquisar, estudar, analisar e interpretar algumas das obras de Althusser na tentativa de responder a seguinte questão: Existe no pensamento de Althusser uma educação para além da escola e da reprodução da ideologia dominante? Para tentar responder tal questão, tivemos que problematizar e nos apropriar de alguns conceitos utilizados pelo autor, entre eles: ideologia, reprodução, Estado, Aparelhos Ideológicos de Estado, etc. Tivemos também a preocupação de mostrar que algumas críticas feitas a Althusser por pensadores contemporâneos, entre eles, Dermeval Saviani, são controversas, ao mesmo tempo, que enfatizamos a possibilidade de uma educação promotora da emancipação da classe operária no pensamento althusseriano.
This thesis had, as mainly goal, research, study, analyze and read some of the Althusser „s works in an attempt to respond the following question: Is there in the thought of Althusser an education beyond the school and reproduction of the dominant ideology? To try to answer this question, we had to problematize and had to appropriate some concepts used by the author, between them: ideology, reproduction, state, ideological state apparatus, etc. We also had a worry to show that some criticism made to Althusser by contemporary thinkers, between them Dermeval Saviani, are controversial, at the same time that we emphasize the possibility of a promoter education of emancipation of the working class in Althusserian thought.
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Hong, Joon-Kee. "Der Subjektbegriff bei Lacan und Althusser : ein philosophisch-systematischer Versuch zur Rekonstruktion ihrer Theorien /." Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37689973w.
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Surel, Olivier. "Ontologie sociale hétérodoxe et néo-spinozisme : une lecture de Louis Althusser et Antonio Negri." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100099.
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Dans leurs lectures respectives de la critique marxienne de l’économie politique, Louis Althusser et Antonio Negri ont tous deux tenté de compléter cette critique par une lecture originale de la philosophie moderne de Baruch Spinoza. Notre thèse est que dans cette articulation des corpus de Marx et de Spinoza, il est possible de reconstruire une théorie originale de l’être social, ou en d’autres termes, une ontologie sociale hétérodoxe, dont la dominante peut-être caractérisée comme une prise de position « néo-spinoziste » en théorie critiqueIn their respective readings of Marx’s critique of political economy, Louis Althusser and Antonio Negri have both attempted to complement this critique with an original reading of the Early Modern philosophy of Baruch Spinoza. Our claim is that in this articulation of Marx and Spinoza’s corpuses, one can reconstruct an original theory of social being, or in other words, a heterodox social ontology, whose dominant can be characterized as a “neo-Spinozist” position in critical theory
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Douet, Yohann. "Saisir l’histoire : conception de l’histoire et périodisation chez Antonio Gramsci." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100123/document.
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Notre travail porte sur la conception de l’histoire d’Antonio Gramsci, appréhendée à partir du problème de la périodisation (comment discerner les distinctions pertinentes dans le cours des événements, et faire droit aux ruptures radicales comme les révolutions ?). Nous montrons que Gramsci évite l’écueil d’une philosophie de l’histoire dogmatique, qu’elle soit matérialiste ou idéaliste. Son historicisme s’accompagne d’une constante attention à la concrétude et à la complexité des pratiques, situations et acteurs historiques – loin de les homogénéiser comme Althusser le lui a reproché. Pour autant, et contrairement aux philosophies néo-idéalistes (Croce et Gentile) contre lesquelles elle se construit, sa pensée ne dissout pas l’unité et la consistance du processus historique en une multiplicité de cas absolument singuliers et contingents. Elle parvient à saisir les époques historiques comme des totalités relativement cohérentes, qualitativement distinctes les unes des autres, et à rendre leur succession intelligible. En ce sens, ses réflexions fournissent des ressources précieuses pour répondre au « refoulement » de l’histoire qui nous semble caractériser de nombreuses théories post-modernes, et en particulier le post-marxisme de Laclau et Mouffe. Gramsci propose donc une philosophie de l’histoire ouverte, lourde d’enjeux pratiques. Pour le montrer, nous étudions les concepts historico-politiques décisifs qu’il forge (rapports de force, bloc historique, hégémonie, révolution passive, crise, etc.), et les analyses qu’il consacre à des périodes et situations historiques déterminées (Renaissance, Réforme, Révolution française, Risorgimento, fascisme, américanisme, etc.)This dissertation examines Antonio Gramsci’s conception of history, especially as developed in The Prison Notebooks, and focuses on the issue of periodisation – how to make out relevant parting lines in the course of events, what to make of radical breaks like revolutions? We show here that Gramsci steers clear of a dogmatic philosophy of history, whether materialist or idealist. His historicism is borne up by a deep attention to the complexity of things and practices, of historical situations and agents – which he is very far from homogenising, despite Althusser’s claims to the contrary. Yet, unlike Italian neo-idealist philosophy and the theories of Croce and Gentile against which Gramsci develops his own, his conception of history never dissolves the unity and consistency of the historical process into a multiplicity of isolated, contingent cases. He is able to grasp historical periods as relatively consistent wholes, intrinsically distinct from each other, and to make sense of their succession. To that extent, his reflections provide us with invaluable tools to work against the “repression” of history which characterises much post-modern thinking, especially the post-Marxism of Laclau and Mouffe. Gramsci offers instead an open-ended philosophy of history, with decisive practical implications. To highlight this, we look at the key historico-political concepts he develops in his writings (power relations, historical bloc, hegemony, passive revolution, crisis), and at his analysis of specific periods and historical situations, such as the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, the French Revolution, the Italian Risorgimento, Fascim, or Americanism and Fordism
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ROCHA, Renan Gonçalves. "Estado e economia em Marx." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/795.
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Previous issue date: 2009-09-28Louis Althusser analyzed the relationship between Economy and the State. According to him, the capitalist State is nothing more than a superstructure determined, unidirectionally, by the Economy, given that, within the mentioned relationship, in capitalism, there is a bottom-line determination [of the State] by the economic basis . (Althusser, 1968: 75) Althusser considers that the conception that the Economy determines the State clarifies and explains better Marx‟s analysis. Nevertheless, this position puts forward at least two important questions: is there, in fact, an unidirectional determination of the modern Economy upon the capitalist State in Marx‟s thought? Is the Economy, in fact, for Marx, the only category that constitutes the basis of the capitalist system as it is supposed by the Althusserian interpretation of Marx? In an effort to solve those questions, it is necessary to investigate the theoretical basis from which Althusser departed Marx‟s own writings. Only in this way it will be possible to determine whether or not his formulation of this unidirectional determination between the Economy and the State holds.
A relação entre economia e Estado foi analisada pelo filósofo francês Louis Althusser. Na perspectiva de Althusser, o Estado capitalista nada mais é do que uma superestrutura determinada unidirecionalmente pela economia, uma vez que, na relação entre Estado e economia no capitalismo, ocorre a determinação em última instância pela base econômica . (Althusser, 1968: 75, tradução nossa).1 Althusser considera que sua concepção de que a economia determina o Estado torna mais evidente e explana melhor a análise de Karl Marx. Essa posição de Louis Althusser suscita, no mínimo, duas questões importantes: há de fato uma determinação unidirecional da economia moderna sobre o Estado capitalista no pensamento do filósofo alemão Karl Marx? É, de fato, para Marx, a economia é a única categoria que compõe a base do sistema capitalista, como supõe a leitura de Louis Althusser sobre Marx? No esforço de resolver essas questões, é necessário investigar a base teórica da qual partiu Althusser, ou seja, os escritos do próprio Marx. Só assim será possível identificar em que sentido Althusser contribuiu ou não ao propor sua formulação acerca da relação que ele pensa ser determinação unidirecional entre economia e Estado em Marx.
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Bernardino, Paulo Augusto Bandeira. "Estado e educação em Louis Althusser: implicações nos processos de produção e reprodução social do conhecimento." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8FQREV.
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Dans cette dissertation on cherche situer les oeuvres de Louis
Althusser dans les conditions historiques éducationnelles de lapparition des dénommées « Théories de la Réproduction ». En dépassant cette
contextualisation, on prétend élargir la notion dÉducation comprise en tant que procédures de production de la connaissance qui font partie de la Formation Humaine. En ce parcours, il est important de localiser le discours de Louis Althusser dans la tradition marxiste afin de conclure s'il adopte une position épistémique ou ontologique dans les procédures de production de la connaissance. Lobjectif de cet écrit nest pas seulement comparer lintérpretation althusserienne avec les écrits de Karl Marx et du marxisme, en tirant, ainsi, les conséquences de la fidelité ou pas du Philosophe franco-argelien auprès des textes de Karl Marx. Les auteurs de la tradition marxiste sont présents, néanmoins on impose les textes de Louis Althusserr comme source principale dun scrutin critique qui vise relationner lÉtat, la Politique et, surtout, la compréhension de lÉducation. Bien que lobjectif principal de ce travail ne soit pas une comparaison entre Althusser et Marx, cela n'enlève pas l'importance des sources textuelles du philosophe allemand et de ses lecteurs, qui serviront de balise des écrits de Louis Althusser. Ce texte n'a pas l'intention d'épuiser les questions suscitées par la lecture de l'oeuvre de Louis Althusser référents aux aspects éducationnelles, mais agrandir la réception des écrits de ce philosophe au Brésil.Nesta dissertação busca-se situar os escritos de Louis Althusser nas condições históricas educacionais do surgimento das denominadas Teorias da Reprodução. Ao ultrapassar essa contextualização, visa-se ampliar a noção de Educação compreedendo-a como os processos de produção do conhecimento integrantes da Formação Humana. Neste percurso é importante localizar o discurso de Louis Althusser na tradição marxiana para concluir se o mesmo participa de uma postura epistêmica ou ontológica nos processos de produção do conhecimento. O objetivo deste escrito não é apenas comparar a interpretação althusseriana com os escritos de Karl Marx e do marxismo, retirando, assim, as consequências da fidelidade ou não do Filósofo Franco-Argelino junto aos escritos de Karl Marx. Os autores da tradição marxista estão presentes, porém impõemse os escritos de Louis Althusser como fonte principal de um escrutínio crítico que visa relacionar o Estado, a Política e, principalmente, a compreensão da Educação. Apesar do objetivo principal deste trabalho não ser uma comparação entre Althusser e Marx, isto não retira a importância das fontes textuais do filósofo alemão e de seus leitores, que serão tratadas como forma balizadora dos escritos de Louis Althusser. Este texto não tem o intuito de esgotar as questões suscitadas pela leitura de Louis Althusser referente aos aspectos educacionais, mas ampliar a recepção dos escritos deste filósofo no Brasil.
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Vuillerod, Jean-Baptiste. "L’anti-hégélianisme de la philosophie française des années 1960 : constitution et limites d’un renversement philosophique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100105.
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L’objet de cette thèse est l’anti-hégélianisme des années 1960 en France. À travers l’étude des philosophies de Louis Althusser, de Michel Foucault et de Gilles Deleuze, nous cherchons à comprendre les raisons qui ont poussé une partie des philosophes de l’époque à critiquer Hegel de manière virulente, alors même que sa philosophie avait été fortement valorisée en France des années 1930 aux années 1950. Notre analyse de la constitution de l’anti-hégélianisme de la philosophie française des années 1960 révèle en même temps les limites de ce phénomène, dans le but de dépasser l’opposition entre hégélianisme et anti-hégélianisme et de réfléchir à l’actualité, aujourd’hui, de la pensée de Hegel. Une première partie est consacrée à l’évolution de l’œuvre d’Althusser, du mémoire sur Hegel de 1947 jusqu’à Pour Marx et Lire le Capital en 1965 ; une seconde traite de la philosophie de Foucault en cherchant à comprendre pourquoi il est passé d’un mémoire sur Hegel en 1949 à une condamnation radicale de la pensée hégélienne dans les années 1950 et 1960 ; enfin, une troisième partie montre comment Deleuze, qui n’avait rien contre Hegel au départ, a progressivement durci sa pensée jusqu’à produire l’anti-hégélianisme le plus virulent dans Nietzsche et la philosophie (1962) et Différence et répétition (1968). La conclusion cherche à ressaisir ce phénomène collectif en tant qu’il constitue une véritable constellation intellectuelle, mais elle problématise également cet anti-hégélianismeThis thesis is about anti-Hegalianism of French philosophy during the 1960s. Focusing on Louis Althusser, Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze, its aim is to understand why a lot of philosophers, at that time, criticized Hegel even though his philosophy had been very successful in France from 1930s to 1950s. The comprehension of this phenomenon aspires also to show its limits, in order to go beyond the false opposition between anti-Hegelianism and Hegelianism and to think about the relevancy of Hegel’s philosophy today. In a first part, the text analyzes Althusser’s work from the master’s thesis on Hegel (1947) to the very anti-Hegelian books For Marx and Reading Capital (1965) ; then it studies Foucault’s thought to understand why he defended Hegel in 1949 and after became an anti-Hegelian philosopher during the 1950s and the 1960s ; finally, it searches why Deleuze evolved until developping a violent anti-Hegelianism in Nietzsche and Philosophy (1962) and in Difference and Repetition (1968). The conclusion tries to seize this collective phenomenon as an intellectual constellation, but also to problematize it
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Alves, Camila Augusta Lima. "A informação ideológica e sua disseminação em redes sociais: uma análise a partir da teoria de louis althusser." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8301.
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Analyzes social networks, computer-mediated, from Althusser's theory of Ideological State Apparatuses (IEA) realizing them while a Ideological Device Information. Considers the Internet as cyberspace, Pierre Levy in perspective, that is, as a communication space opened by the global interconnection of computers. It proposes the construction of the concept of ideological information, conceptual base built from reflections on the understanding of the information phenomenon, following the ideology concept. Realize the Ideological information as a subordinate phenomenon materiality condition once every subject, while being free acts for their ideas, as endowed with consciousness, believes these ideas acting in accordance with them, printing in this act the acts of their practice material. Our methodological warp seeks to present Facebook in its history, discussing its main characteristics , arguing for that the internet and social networks on the Internet ( or social networks mediated by computer) in the view of some theorists , anchoring in Manuel Castells conceptions about characteristics involving Facebook as a social network mediated by computers. Follow investigating the characteristics of the mass media, these institutions that make up the Ideological Apparatuses information, enabling us to perceive the Internet as a means of mass communication. Therefore and on the understanding of Ideological analyze information Facebook as a space of struggle, where the subjects perceive and make use of the scientific and political weapons, found this tool to counter the ideologies transmitted by the ruling classes. Thus the Information Ideological apparatus is not only object, but instead of class struggle, since the resistance of the oppressed classes can find the means and the occasion of it and from it, to express themselves
Analisa as redes sociais, mediadas por computador, a partir da teoria althusseriana dos Aparelhos Ideológicos de Estado (AIE) percebendo-as enquanto um Aparelho Ideológico de Informação. Para tanto, considera a internet enquanto um ciberespaço, na perspectiva de Pierre Levy, ou seja, como um espaço de comunicação aberto pela interconexão mundial dos computadores. Propõe a construção do conceito de informação ideológica, base conceitual construída a partir de reflexões sobre o entendimento do fenômeno informação, seguindo do conceito ideologia. Percebe a Informação Ideológica como um fenômeno subordinado a condição de materialidade uma vez que todo sujeito, enquanto ser livre age por suas ideias, pois dotado de consciência, crê nessas ideias agindo de acordo com elas, imprimindo nesse agir os atos de sua prática material. Nossa urdidura metodológica busca apresentar o Facebook em seu histórico, abordando suas principais características, discutindo para isso a internet e as redes sociais na internet (ou redes sociais mediadas por computador) na visão de alguns teóricos, ancorando nas concepções de Manuel Castell acerca de características que envolvem o Facebook, enquanto rede social mediada por computadores. Segue investigando as características dos meios de comunicação de massa, instituições estas que compõem os Aparelhos Ideológicos de Informação, possibilitando-nos perceber a internet como um meio de comunicação de massa. Sendo assim e diante da compreensão de Informação Ideológica analisamos o Facebook como um espaço de luta, aonde os sujeitos percebem e fazem uso das armas científicas e políticas, encontradas nesta ferramenta, para se contrapor às ideologias transmitidas pelas classes dominantes. Assim o Aparelho Ideológico de Informação não é apenas objeto, mas lugar da luta de classes, uma vez que as resistências das classes oprimidas podem encontrar o meio e a ocasião de, nele e a partir dele, se expressarem.
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Costa, Marcus Robson Nascimento. "Jurisdição e direitos sociais: do conceito de ideologia em Althusser à centralidade político-constitucional do direito à moradia." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1151.
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De, Gregorio Carisio Marcello. "Riprodurre lo Stato, superare lo Stato : ideologia e soggettivazione politica in Louis Althusser, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU20037.
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La recherche traite de l'idéologie en général - et de la subjectivation politique en particulier - pour comme lue et expliquée depuis philosophes comme Althusser, Deleuze et Guattari (mais aussi en passant par Spinoza, Marx, Lacan et Foucault). L'analyse est conduite dans la perspective d'une meilleure compréhension des processus qui mènent à la naissance et à la tenue (à travers sa reproduction quotidienne) de la forme-État en tant que ‘Appareil de Capture’, en concluant avec des hypothèses - et des pistes d'investigation très ouvertes (théoriques et pratiques) - visantes à penser une réorganisation sociale qui essaye de concevoir des scénarios de vie collective différents et plus égalitaires. Le regard se concentre sur l'existence d'une duplicité qui exige d'être mieux articulée: a) d'une part, l'obligation de comprendre la nature, les mécanismes de fonctionnement et le but de l'idéologie comme une pratique de 'subjectivation-par-assujettissement'; b) d'autre part, le thème principalement politique de l'existence d'individualités et de collectivités - énergies et positions toujours placées dans la conjoncture déterminée - lisibles comme l'expression d'une présence subjective active et inventive, créative et non subjuguée, capable d'action et de réaction aux mécanismes d'interpellation et de mise en ‘forme-ad hoc' opérées par l'appareil de signification générale du système productif. En référence constante à la littérature primaire et secondaire - et sur cette base, en faisant des interprétations, analogies et connexions dont chaque responsabilité est évidemment assumée par l'auteur -, sont ici montrées points de contact inattendus, jusqu'ici peu identifiés parmi les auteurs sous examen. Ça est accompli en examinant leur travail pour comme il se déroule, d'autant plus qu'il se développe, s'étend et spécifie mieux (c'est le cas d'Althusser) avec une sémantique différente, qui interprète néanmoins de manière nouveau - dans notre lecture - thèses déjà prises, avec la mise en jeu, en forme nouvelle, de catégories déjà utilisées dans de plus vieilles études, et donc jamais abandonné malgré les lectures "critique" qui identifient seulement ruptures et 'coupures' irréconciliables. De cette façon, nous découvrons des éléments de proximité de les dernières thèses d'Althusser avec les conceptions deleuzeannes et guattariannes du sujet et du son 'devenir'The research deals with ideology in general – and politics subjectivation in particular – as read and explained by philosophers such as Althusser, Deleuze and Guattari (but also, inevitably, passing through Spinoza, Marx, Lacan and Foucault). The analysis is dealt with in the perspective of a better understanding of the processes that lead to the birth and keeping (through its daily reproduction) of the State-Form as a Capture Apparatus, concluding with some hypotheses – and very open investigative tracks (theoreticaland practical) – aimed at thinking about a social reorganization that attempts to design different and more egalitarian scenarios of collective life.The gaze focuses on the existence of a duplicity that now demands to be better articulated: a) on the one hand, the obligation to understand the nature, the mechanisms of functioning and the purpose of ideology as a practice of 'subjugation-through-subjectivation'; b) on the otherhand, the primarily political theme of the existence of individualities and collectivities – energies and positions still collocated in the determined conjuncture – yet readables as an expression of an active and inventive subjective presence, creative and not subjugated, capable of acting and re-acting to the mechanisms of interpellation and 'shaping ad-hoc' implemented by the apparatus of general signification of the productive system. In a constant reference to the primary and secondary literature – and on this basis, by making interpretations, analogies and connections of which every responsibility is evidently assumed by the writer –, are here shown unexpected points of contact so far little identified among the authors under exam. This is accomplished by examining their work as it unfolds, especially as it evolves, expands and better specifies (this is the case of Althusser) with a different semantics, which nevertheless reinterprets – in our reading – thesis and positions already taken, making play (in a new form) categories already used in older studies, and therefore never abandoned despite every “critical” reading that identifies only breakages and irreconcilable 'coupures'. In this way, we discover elements of closeness of Althusser's latest thesis with the deleuzean and guattarian conception of the subject and of its ‘becoming’
La ricerca tratta dell'ideologia in generale - e della soggettivaione politica in particolare - per come letta e spiegata da filosofi come Althusser, Deleuze e Guattari, ma anche passando per Spinoza, Marx, Lacan e Foucault. L'analisi è condotta nella prospettiva di una migliore comprensione dei processi che conducono alla nascita ed alla tenuta, attraverso la sua riproduzione quotidiana, dalla forma-Stato in quanto 'Apparato di Cattura', concludendo con ipotesi - e piste di investigazione molto aperte (teoriche e pratiche), - mirate a pensare una riorganizzazione sociale che provi a concepire nuovi scenari di vita collettiva, differente e più egualitaria. Lo sguardo si concentra sull'esistenza di una duplicità che esige di essere ben articolata: 1) da una parte, l'obbligo di comprendere la natura, i meccanismi di funzionamento e lo scopo dell'ideologia come pratica di 'soggettivazione-per-assoggettamento'; 2) dall'altra parte, il tema principalmente politico dell'esistenza di individualità e di collettività - energie e posizioni sempre collocate nella congiuntura determinata - leggibili come espressione di una presenza soggettiva attiva ed inventiva, creativa e non soggiogata, capace di azione e di reazione ai meccanismi di interpellazione e di plasmazione 'ad hoc' operati dall'apparato di significazione generale del sistema produttivo. In riferimento costante alla letteratura primaria e secondaria - e su questa base, facendo delle interpretazioni, analogie e connessioni di cui ogni responsabilità è assunta evidentemente dall'autore -, sono mostrati qui punti di contatto inattesi, fino ad oggi poco identificati tra gli autori sotto esame. Ciò è compiuto esaminando il loro lavoro per come si svolge, tanto più che si sviluppa e specifica meglio (è il caso di Althusser) con una semantica differente che interpreta tuttavia in modo nuovo - nella nostra lettura - tesi già prese, con la messa in gioco, in forma nuova, di categorie già utilizzate in vecchi studi e mai abbandonate, dunque malgrado le letture "critiche" che identificano solamente rotture e 'tagli' irriparabili. In questo modo, scopriamo degli elementi di prossimità delle ultime tesi di Althusser con le concezioni deleuzeane e guattariane del soggetto e del suo 'divenire.'
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Brauk, Stefan von. "Zur Staats- und Ideologietheorie im strukturalistischen Marxismus." Doctoral thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2002/brauk/brauk.pdf.
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Nogueira, Carmen Aline Alvares 1985. "O ensino médio no Brasil nos governos FHC : um estudo a partir da teoria Althusseriana da escola como "aparelho ideológico de Estado"." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/253902.
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Orientador: Renê José Trentin SilveiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a legislação que regulamentou o ensino médio no Brasil durante o governo Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002), a partir da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Brasileira (LDB), do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) e de outros documentos oficiais publicados durante esse período, tendo como referencial a teoria da escola como aparelho ideológico de Estado (AIE), de Louis Althusser. A pesquisa buscou identificar e analisar as principais transformações na legislação que regulamentou os ensinos médio e técnico de 1995 a 2002, bem como o contexto em que foram produzidas. Também foi realizado um estudo da referida teoria, a partir das obras do próprio autor e de alguns de seus comentadores, confrontando-a com a legislação que regulamentou o ensino médio e o ensino técnico durante o governo FHC, a fim de investigar se e em que medida a legislação educacional desse período pode ser considerada um instrumento de manutenção da escola como AIE, ressaltando os limites e possibilidades dessa instituição na perspectiva da luta de classes
Abstract: This paper presents a study on the legislation that regulates high school in Brazil during the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002), from the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Brazilian Education ("LDB"), the National Education Plan ("PNE") and other official documents published during that period, taking as reference the theory of school as an ideological state apparatus ( ISA), by Louis Althusser . The research had the goal to identify and analyze the main changes in the law which lead the secondary and technical teachings from 1995 to 2002, as well as the context in which they were produced. A study of this theory was also performed, from the works of the author himself and some of his commentators, comparing it with legislation that regulates high school and technical education during the FHC government, in order to investigate whether and how the educational legislation of this period can be considered as a mean of maintaining the school as IEA, highlighting the limits and possibilities of this institution from the perspective of class struggleAbstract:
Mestrado
Filosofia e História da Educação
Mestra em Educação
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Sundberg, Henrik. "Strukturens frånvaro : En essä om Louis Althussers strukturbegrepp." Thesis, Södertörn University College, The School of Culture and Communication, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-828.
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Modig, Andrew. "The Rational State : A feminist look, supported by Althusser’s Marxist theory, at how Mr. Scogan views and interacts with the women in Aldous Huxley’s Crome Yellow." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12167.
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This paper analyses Mr. Scogan and his treatment of women with the use of Althusser’s Marxist theory which (supposedly and in this case successfully) reveals the ideology which infuses every State and every larger social group. Feminist theory is then used to analyse his philosophy which influences both his utopia, “the Rational State”, as well as his treatment of women – the conclusion drawn after analysing several events or discussions in Crome Yellow, such as on the Home Farm, the Rational State and the Charity Fair was that Mr. Scogan is perhaps not representative of all men and certainly not of men (and men’s notions) at the timeof Crome Yellow’s publication, but he is representative of a stereotypical man who oppress women based on their femininity. The worst case scenario drawn was that Mr. Scogan could be a rapist of young virgins.
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Hedkvist, Tobias. "Regulating Resistance: The ideological control of the protests in Gothenburg 2001." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23282.
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This C-paper is a study of state practices around the anti-EU demonstrations in Gothenburg 2001. Based on Louis Althusser's recognition of repressive and ideological state apparatuses, I look at how a democratic state tries to control the political message of a demonstration, by relying on its force and ideology. My argument is that the state controls protests by locating them within a "space of sanctioned resistance." Being defined by state practices and discourse, this space becomes a part of the state system and can because of that never oppose it. This strategy of inclusion is in other words a way for the state to locate resistance under its own umbrella, thereby silenting it to become nothing but a pseudo-affirmation of the freedom of expression within the democratic state system.
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Windle, Elaine C. "Bio-mythographies : a study of textual reflexivity in Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Paul de Man, Louis Althusser and Jacques Derrida." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14813/.
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Re-reading Rousseau, using cognate works by de Man, Althusser and Derrida, this thesis hopes to destabilise the convention of reading 'confessional' texts in terms of authorial intention. Chapter One undermines critical responses to Rousseau's work, tracing a tradition of reading which rejects his oeuvre, not due to a rigorous reading of his texts, but through an ad hominem attack. We establish de Man, Althusser and Derrida as writers who lie outside this tradition. Chapter Two examines the intellectual debate surrounding the revelation of Paul de Man's wartime journalism, concentrating on this journalism's power to contaminate his oeuvre. We unsettle the terms of this debate, revealing its reliance upon a cryptobiographical reading of the author irito the text. We account for the problematic nature of de Man's deconstructive stance differently when we read de Man's texts as a conscious type or copy of Rousseau's texts. Chapter Three studies the anti-Althusserian polemic which attacked"his 'theoretical' Marxism with reference to insanity and murder. Again, a reading which might have located a resistance to theory within theory itself instead favours a reductive, biographical reading. We trace a reading of Rousseau in Althusser's work in order to destabilise this debate. Chapter Four looks at the concepts of scandal and slander and their current usage in both legal and literary contexts. Our aim here is to unite our authors in the shared aim of re-synonimising the two terms so as to reveal biography as necessarily fictional. Rousseau's Confessions is re-read as an instance where the concepts of slander and scandal are equated. Chapter Five upsets a traditional theory of the archive when it reads Althusser's autobiography as a deliberate copy of Rousseau's Confessions. Finally, Chapter Six unites all our writers in a discussion of the necessarily fictive nature of a re-iterable autobiography.
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Del, Duca Alexander M. "Between Marxism and Postmodernism: Slavoj Zizek Doing the Impossible." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24079.
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This work seeks to address the major texts of Slavoj Zizek using a reading methodology which treats political philosophy as a practice, rather than a series of logical propositions or claims of truth or falsity. Philosophy is herein understood as a field of relations among authors who occupy precise theoretical and political coordinates. Writing produces and reproduces an author's position within this field via the way in which an author communicates with his/her peers, draws on past concepts, and designs new ones. This paper argues that Zizek cannot usefully be grasped as a theorist attempting to provide positive political solutions or analyses, but rather as a 'negative' force who occupies an impossible position by attempting to negate his peers and popular contemporary theoretical concepts - Zizek wishes to create a new intellectual space where political possibilities can be rethought and rediscovered, and he does this in his texts by ephemerally occupying multiple positions only to displace them.
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Meredith, F. C. "Experiencing the postmetaphysical self : between deconstruction and hermeneutics." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390878.
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Sprouse, Warren. "Production, Consumption, and Consciousness." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1503923437479061.
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Benoit, Audrey. "Le matérialisme discursif : pour une critique féministe de la construction idéologique du "sexe"." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H229.
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On prend pour point de départ le constat d'une résistance dans la réception marxiste française de la thèse féministe de Judith Butler portant sur la construction discursive du «sexe» par le «genre». L'antagonisme apparent du matérialisme et du constructivisme, révélé par la réception française de Trouble dans le genre, invite à chercher, en amont, une solution matérialiste au problème épistémologique de la construction conceptuelle du donné. En remontant à la source de Marx, on peut montrer que sa pensée a nourri, chez Althusser et Foucault, une approche matérialiste du discours qu'on peut qualifier de constructiviste. Au prisme de l'épistémologie historique de Canguilhem, se dessinent des parentés entre Althusser et Foucault qui donnent une postérité inédite à Marx: l'exploration de deux figures du «matérialisme discursif» dans l'archéologie foucaldienne et l'épistémologie althussérienne, permet de rendre caduques les objections empiristes à l'idée d'une construction discursive du« sexe». L'objectif est de proposer une articulation entre le matérialisme marxiste et la pensée queer, en mettant au jour une tradition de pensée qui croise les apports de l'épistémologie historique et du matérialisme, et prend au sérieux la production de la nature et du corps par le discours. Il s'agit de donner à la thèse de Butler les conditions de son audibilité matérialiste et de déterminer en retour la fécondité de sa mise en question du donné pour le marxismeThis analysis starts by pointing out a reluctance in the French Marxist reception of Judith Butler's feminist theories, mainly those regarding the discursive construction of « sex » by «gender». This apparent conflict between materialism and constructivism encourages us to look upstream for a materialistic solution to the epistemological issue of the conceptual construction of «facts». By getting back at the root of Marx, one can indeed show that his thought has provided input into Althusser's and Foucault's reflections for the development of a materialistic approach of discourse, which may be qualified as contructivist. In the light of Canguilhem's historical epistemology, some philosophical kinship between Althusser and Foucault takes shape, which provides a previously unseen posterity to Marx : the examination of two features of «discursive materialism» in Foucault's archeology and in Althusser's epistemology enables to make null and void the empiricist objections at the idea of a discursive construction of «sex». The goal is to pro vide a philosophical junction between Marxist materialism and queer theory, by highlighting a tradition of thought which combines the contributions of historical epistemology and materialism, and which takes seriously into consideration the production of nature and body by discourse. The goal is to provide Butler's theory with the means to be heard as a materialistic account, and in return to specify for marxism what it might gain when this theory challenges the given facts
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Jennani, Abdelmajid. "Confrontation de principe de certaines lectures contemporaines du texte de Marx : sur l'acte de lire." Amiens, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AMIE0007.
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Besses, Richard Jacques Hochmann Jacques. "Territoires de la psychologie et identité du psychologue." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx//theses/lyon2/2004/besses_r.
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Rubilar, Santander Luz. "El espacio educativo como aparato ideológico de estado, desde una mirada Althusseriana." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/108518.
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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en FilosofíaLa investigación se encamina hacia la reflexión en torno a la ideología y los aparatos ideológicos de Estado, específicamente el espacio educativo desde una mirada Althusseriana. Este recorrido fue orientado por la lectura y el análisis del texto de Althusser: “Ideología y aparatos ideológicos del Estado”. A partir de lo anterior, surge la pregunta sobre la actualidad de los conceptos Althusserianos respecto de la ideología y de los aparatos ideológicos de Estado y si la escuela, de acuerdo con el pensamiento de Althusser, cumple con el rol de espacio ideologizador. Este camino sólo evidencia su importancia, en la medida que se considera trascendente la reflexión sobre la ideologización y cuál es la preponderancia que tiene en la mantención y reproducción del sistema de dominación, es decir, la reproducción de relaciones capitalistas de producción. Este intento constituye, una primera aproximación en nuestra investigación, a saber, lograr una adecuada comprensión de los conceptos presentados por Althusser en relación a la ideología y los aparatos ideológicos. De esta manera, llegar a saber en que medida el espacio educativo se vuelve un instrumento primordial como aparato ideológico de Estado es de vital importancia para alcanzar los objetivos de la presente investigación. Para ello se da inicio a este análisis, exponiendo y profundizando en los conceptos esenciales de la propuesta althusseriana. Estas nociones van desde la formación social hasta la reproducción de las relaciones de producción, que sostienen, mantienen y reproducen el sistema a través de la introyección de la ideología por parte de los individuos para terminar transformándolos en sujetos ideológicos. Un segundo momento en este recorrido estará centrado en la reflexión acerca de la ideología, su importancia, su actualidad y su relación con la dominación y la resistencia. Este examen estará guiado por las siguientes interrogantes: ¿cómo la aprendemos?, ¿cómo la introyectamos?, ¿cómo se produce y reproduce? Un acercamiento general al concepto de ideología (reformulado por Althusser) nos permitirá dar luz a un nuevo significado, en el que se asocian lo teórico y lo práctico, pues a los individuos se les interpela convirtiéndolos, de esta manera, en sujetos ideológicos y esto se logra a través de la introyección . Para finalizar, un tercer momento de esta mirada althusseriana esta dado por la reflexión sobre el espacio educativo como agente reproductor de las condiciones de desigualdad, inequidad, sometimiento y obediencia; es decir de las relaciones de explotación capitalista. Esto nos permitirá explorar su vigencia como aparato ideológico de Estado y, para ello, se identificaran algunos de los procesos claves dentro de la dinámica de concientización ideológica, por medio de la investigación en torno a preguntas esenciales como: ¿cuál es el rol que le cabe al espacio educativo en esta transformación?, ¿es factible o real lo sostenido por Althusser respecto de la escuela?, ¿realmente la escuela actual sigue siendo un aparato ideológico de Estado?
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CLEMENTE, GIACOMO. "L'APPARATO SCOLASTICO E LE SUE FUNZIONI. UNA INDAGINE STORICO-FILOSOFICA A PARTIRE DAI TESTI EDITI E INEDITI DI L. ALTHUSSER E DELLA SCUOLA ALTHUSSERIANA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/262897.
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La ricerca è una ricostruzione storico filosofica delle tesi di Louis Althusser e del gruppo dei suoi allievi relative alla descrizione dei processi di formazione della scuola di classe e della loro funzione. Essa è in gran parte basata su due gruppi di scritti la cui quasi totalità è ancora inedita e sulla quale non esiste perciò una consolidata tradizione di ricerca. I due gruppi di scritti sono inquadrabili in due fasi storiche distinte. Al fine di sottolinearne la specificità, ogni fase storica che prenderò in esame sarà analizzata come se fosse un momento conclusivo di riflessione teorica.
La prima fase pertiene a un testo poco noto di Althusser, Problèmes étudiants, del gennaio ’64. Ad esso sarà dedicato il primo capitolo. Si tratterà di comprenderne la genesi e illuminarne la ricezione. Qui basti dire che il testo fu occasionato dalle pesanti accuse di autoritarismo che Bruno Queysanne rivolse ad Althusser in occasione della lezione inaugurale dedicata a Théorie et Méthode en Sciences Humaines che quest’ultimo tenne nel dicembre del ’63 al seminario di Pierre Bourdieu e Jean-Claude Passeron. Al centro di Problèmes étudiants c’è in gioco un certo tipo di funzione pedagogica che, collocata nel quadro di un’epistemologia materialista, rappresenta il dispositivo che sta alla base della trasmissione verticale (tra chi sa e chi non sa) di generalità scientifiche (ovvero, di contenuti di sapere vero).
Alla seconda fase, in rottura con la prima (per ammissione dello stesso Althusser che in Sur la reproduction denuncia la tendenza tecnicista e teoreticista di Problèmes étudiants), dedicherò il resto della ricerca. A tale fase, in linea con la formula contenuta nel celebre articolo Idéologie et appareils idéologiques d’État del ’70, pertiene la questione del rapporto tra apparato scolastico e riproduzione dei rapporti di produzione capitalistici. A tal fine ho analizzato la vasta mole di dattiloscritti e manoscritti inediti, ancora trascurati dalla letteratura althusseriana, legati a un progetto incompiuto di opera collettiva intitolata Écoles. Tale progetto è andato formandosi per opera dello stesso Althusser e, sopratutto, di Étienne Balibar, Pierre Macherey, Michel Tort, Roger Establet e Christian Baudelot.
Dalla lettura dello studio che segue emergerà come quella sui processi di formazione, lungi dal rappresentare l’esito di interessi soltanto occasionali, sia per Althusser e il 'groupe Spinoza' una questione di portata centrale e, per certi versi, decisiva per comprendere le istanze reali che stanno dietro al meccanismo di funzionamento della riproduzione sociale.
In questo senso, l’importanza di questo studio ha necessariamente un doppio rilascio. Dal punto di vista storico è quella di gettare una luce piuttosto inconsueta nell’ambito della letteratura althusseriana riguardo a quella che può essere definita ‘questione pedagogica’. In questo senso, la ricostruzione storiografica delle linee teoriche facenti capo alle due fasi storiche riportate sopra, contribuisce a complicare il rapporto teorico che Althusser intrattiene con la funzione dell’istituzione scolastica con e al di là della tesi sugli apparati ideologi di Stato del ’70, che tuttora rappresenta il punto di riferimento teorico elettivo per delineare i contorni di tale questione.
Tale ricostruzione storica ha, d’altro lato, necessariamente delle ricadute teoriche, vale a dire degli effetti di integrazione e di approfondimento delle tesi althusseriane più strettamente filosofiche. L’originalità di questo punto di vista, sta nel fatto che tali ricadute attribuiscono al ‘discorso pedagogico’ di Althusser una valenza sostanziale dal momento che risultano funzionali all’ampliamento del perimetro di comprensione delle sue tesi filosofiche.The following research is an historical-philosophical reconstruction of the work by Louis Althusser and the group of his scholars regarding the description of the educational processes and their function. The reconstruction is mainly based on two sets of papers still unpublished for the most part and about which a solid tradition of research does not exist. The two sets of papers can be contextualized in two separate historical phases. With the aim of highlighting the peculiarity, each historical phase will be considered as it was a conclusive moment of a theoretical cogitation. The first phase corresponds to a little-known essay by Althusser, Problèmes étudiants, published in January 1964. The first chapter will be dedicated to this work and the objective will be to comprehend its genesis and shed light on its reception. Suffice it to say that Althusser’s essay was motivated by the serious accusations of authoritarianism that Bruno Queysanne addressed to Althusser in occasion of the inaugural lecture dedicated to Théorie et Méthode en Sciences Humaines that Althusser gave in December 1963 in the context of the seminar by Pierre Bourdieu and Jean-Claude Passeron. The focus of Problèmes étudiants is a certain kind of pedagogical function that, placed in the frame of a materialist epistemology, represents the device that is the basis of the vertical transmission (between those who knows and those who does not) of scientific generalities (namely, of contents of true knowledge). The rest of the research will be about the second phase, in disagreement with the first (as stated by Althusser himself that in Sur la reproduction denounces the technicist and theoreticist tendency of Problèmes étudiants). To this phase, according to the formula expressed in the renown 1970s article Idéologie et appareils idéologiques d’État, belongs the matter of the relation between scholastic apparatus and reproduction of Capitalistic relations of production. To this purpose, I analyzed the vast array of unpublished typewritten documents and manuscripts, that, to this day, are excluded by the Althusserian tradition, connected to an unfinished collective work project entitled Écoles. This project took shape thanks to Althusser himself and, above all, Étienne Balibar, Pierre Macherey, Michel Tort, Roger Establet and Christian Baudelot. From reading the thesis, it will appear how the matter about educational processes, far from representing the outcome of occasional interests, is both for Althusser and the 'groupe Spinoza' a fundamental issue and, in some way, crucial to comprehend the real motivations behind the operational mechanism of social reproduction. In this way, this thesis is relevant for a double motivation. From the historical point of view, the relevance consists in shedding an unusual light in the context of the Althusserian tradition regarding what can be defined as the ‘pedagogical issue’. In this sense, the historiographic reconstruction of the theoretical coordinates that refer to the two historical phases explained above, contributes to complicate the theoretical relation that Althusser maintains with the function of the scholastic institution with and beyond the thesis about the ideological apparatuses dating 1970, that even now represents the main theoretical point of reference to outline the profiles of this matter. This historical reconstruction has, on the other hand, inevitable theoretical implications, i.e. some effects of integration and insight of Althusser’s most strictly philosophical thesis. The originality of this point of view lies in the fact that those effects confer to Althusser’s ‘pedagogical discourse’ a crucial significance, due to their being functional to the extension of the comprehension of his philosophical thesis.