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Journal articles on the topic 'Alum Dosing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

Shamkhi, Mohammed Siwan. "Optimization of Effluent Phosphorus Control for Al-Aziziah (Wasit) Wastewater Treatment Plant." Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences 3, no. 1 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol3.iss1.30.

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The combination between the enhance biological phosphorus removal EBPR process and chemical phosphorous precipitation process removal from wastewater to avoid the instability of the biological phosphorus removal process due to temperature variation has been simulated and optimized by implementing three different strategies in the GPS-X 5.0 modeling and simulation software (Hydro mantis). The results were demonstrated that the annual consumption of alum for the three different phosphorus control strategies (side stream line dosing only, wastewater line dosing only and dosing at both wastewater

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2

Yu, R. F., S. F. Kang, S. L. Liaw, and M. c. Chen. "Application of artificial neural network to control the coagulant dosing in water treatment plant." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 3-4 (2000): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0410.

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Coagulant dosing is one of the major operation costs in water treatment plant, and conventional control of this process for most plants is generally determined by the jar test. However, this method can only provide periodic information and is difficult to apply to automatic control. This paper presents the feasibility of applying artificial neural network (ANN) to automatically control the coagulant dosing in water treatment plant. Five on-line monitoring variables including turbidity (NTUin), pH (pHin) and conductivity (Conin) in raw water, effluent turbidity (NTUout) of settling tank, and al

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3

Dorea, C. C. "Slow sand filtration pre-treatment with alum is efficient, but is it effective?" Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 3, no. 2 (2013): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.138.

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Enhancing the performance of slow sand filter pre-treatment with alum (i.e. direct or contact filtration) has been proposed as an alternative to overcome limitations of conventional gravel (roughing) pre-filtration. Experimental results revealed high turbidity reduction efficiencies in alum-dosed pre-filtration. However, due to the alum coagulation, the nature of the particulates in the pre-treatment effluent changed and had a potential to shorten the downstream slow sand filter run lengths by approximately 50% under the conditions tested. Hence, depending on the effluent turbidity levels the

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4

Al-Nakeeb, Aumar, Adnan A. Al-Samawi, and Huda A. Al-Saffar. "Upgrading of Alum Preparation and Dosing Unit for Sharq Dijla Water Treatment Plant by Using Programmable Logic Controller System." Journal of Engineering 24, no. 2 (2018): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2018.02.09.

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One of the important units in Sharq Dijla Water Treatment Plant (WTP) first and second extensions are the alum solution preparation and dosing unit. The existing operation of this unit accomplished manually starting from unloading the powder alum in the preparation basin and ending by controlling the alum dosage addition through the dosing pumps to the flash mix chambers. Because of the modern trend of monitoring and control the automatic operation of WTPs due to the great benefits that could be gain from optimum equipment operation, reducing the operating costs and human errors. This study de

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Weber-Shirk, Monroe. "Gravity powered flow controllers for chlorine and alum dosing." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 58, no. 2 (2009): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2009.053.

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6

Ojha, B., R. K. Sharma, and I. M. Amatya. "Application of Alum Sludge in Phosphate Phosphorus Removal from Contaminated Water." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 15, no. 2 (2019): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v15i2.27659.

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This study determines application of alum sludge in phosphate phosphorus (PO43-/P) removal from contaminated water. For the study the alum sludge was collected from Mahankal Water Treatment Plant and dewatered by drying in micro oven under 105°C and crumble to average particle size of 5 mm. 10.7 ppm Synthetic PO43-/P solution was prepared by dissolving Na2HPO4.2H2O. Batch test was conduct to determine the PO43-/P removal efficiency and to develop adsorption isotherm. The phosphorus removal efficiency was tested for 8 g, 16 g, 24 g, 32 g and 40 g alum sludge per L PO43-/P solution for different

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Ramal, Majeed Mattar, Arkan Dhari Jalal, Mohammed Freeh Sahab, and Zaher Mundher Yaseen. "River water turbidity removal using new natural coagulant aids: case study of Euphrates River, Iraq." Water Supply 22, no. 3 (2021): 2721–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.441.

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Abstract For turbidity removal, most drinking water treatment plants are using coagulants due to the presence of suspended and colloidal materials at the coagulation and flocculation units. Aluminium and sulphates salts are the widely used coagulants, such as aluminium sulphate (Alum) and ferric chloride. However, several researches have linked Alzheimer's disease to the use of aluminium sulphate. Hence, scholars have conducted several researches on the possibility to reduce the amount of aluminium sulphate by using natural material/plants base as coagulant aids. In this study, Mallow's Leaves

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8

Dolejs, Petr. "Influence of coagulant/lime dosing sequence on treatment of soft humic waters." Water Supply 13, no. 1 (2013): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2013.007.

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The influence of dosing sequence of lime and alum as a coagulant in the treatment of soft humic waters (requiring pre-alkalinisation of raw water) was studied. The experiments show that the traditional dosing order, i.e. pre-alkalinisation first and coagulant second, might give worse results in comparison with the reversed order, i.e. coagulant dosing followed by pre-alkalinisation. The influence of aggregation time on residual coagulant and UV absorbance was also studied.

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Xu, G. R., and C. S. B. Fitzpatrick. "The effects of filtration temperature and alum dosing on Cryptosporidium sized particle breakthrough." Water Supply 6, no. 1 (2006): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2006.024.

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Understanding the causes of breakthrough in filtration is essential worldwide. Breakthrough links many factors, such as filtration flow rate and flow rate changes, temperature, chemical dosing, raw water quality, etc. These factors can affect floc strength, which has been recognized as one of the most important factors in filter efficiency and particle breakthrough, related to Cryptosporidium outbreaks. This research aims to investigate particle breakthrough related to temperature and chemical dosing. Experiments were conducted to establish the relationship between temperature and chemical dos

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10

Thomas, P. R., D. Allen, and D. L. McGregor. "Evaluation of combined chemical and biological nutrient removal." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 1-2 (1996): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0383.

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This study was undertaken to optimise phosphorus removal by incorporating a chemical dosing facility in an existing biological nutrient removal activated sludge plant at Albury in Australia. Results of pilot plant trials and jar tests indicated that both alum and ferric chloride successfully reduced the orthophosphate concentrations with only a minor variation in the chemical costs. However, alum was chosen as the preferred chemical for use in the full-scale plant and tests showed that alum precipitation combined with biological nutrient removal lowered the orthophosphate (ortho-P) concentrati

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Ojo, Peter, and Augustine Ifelebuegu. "Effect of Aluminium Salt Dosing on Activated Sludge Settleability Indicators: A New Settleability Model Development." Water 11, no. 1 (2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11010179.

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There has been a significant rise in the use of aluminium salts (Al3+) for the chemical precipitation of phosphates in wastewater treatment plants due to growing stricter regulatory requirements for wastewater effluent release to the environment. The modelling of the settleability of the resultant Al3+ sludge in present engineering practice for design and optimisation are still based on conventional sludge settleability models. This paper describes a novel activated sludge settleability model which is designed to analyse the effects of Al3+ dosing on activated sludge settleability indicators,

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12

Rydin, Emil, and Eugene B. Welch. "Dosing Alum to Wisconsin Lake Sediments Based onin vitroFormation of Aluminum Bound Phosphate." Lake and Reservoir Management 15, no. 4 (1999): 324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07438149909354127.

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13

Gyawali, G., and A. Rajbhandari (Nyachhyon). "Investigation on coagulation efficiency of polyaluminium silicate chloride (PASiC) coagulant." Scientific World 10, no. 10 (2012): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v10i10.6859.

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Polyaluminium silicate chloride (PASiC) coagulant was synthesized by co-polymerization technique using aluminium salt and polysilicic acid at different OH/Al and Al/Si molar ratios. A synthetic turbid sample was used to investigate the coagulation efficiency of the prepared coagulant. After the coagulant dosing, flocculation time was set for 15 minutes followed by sedimentation for 20 minutes. High performance of coagulant was achieved at 2.5 molar ratio of OH/Al and 5 molar ratio of Al/Si at the optimal pH. The optimum pH range was found to be 7±0.5.The effective coagulant dose for the effici

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Adin, A., Y. Soffer, and R. Ben Aim. "Effluent pretreatment by iron coagulation applying various dose-pH combinations for optimum particle separation." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 6 (1998): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0233.

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Wastewater reuse often requires particle destabilization and removal to protect water transport systems and membranes from clogging. Flocculation process of activated sludge effluent applying ferric chloride is examined and comparison with alum (aluminium sulfate) application is made in this work. Optimum flocculation conditions are determined based on the removal efficiency of different particle size groups and on turbidity as a function of coagulant dosage and pH. Results show that the best removal for ferric chloride coagulant occurs at pH 4-5 and dosage of 20-30 mgl−1. Settled water total

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Xu, G. R., C. S. B. Fitzpatrick, and L. Y. Deng. "Effects of filtration temperature, humic acid level and alum dose on cryptosporidium sized particle breakthrough." Water Science and Technology 54, no. 11-12 (2006): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.783.

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Recent Cryptosporidium outbreaks have highlighted concerns about filter efficiency and especially particle breakthrough. Understanding the causes of breakthrough is essential, as the parasite cannot be destroyed by conventional disinfection with chlorine. Particle breakthrough depends on many factors. This research aims to investigate the influence of temperature, humic acid (HA) level and chemical dosing on particle breakthrough in filtration. A series of temperatures were set at 5 °C, 15 °C and 25 °C; humic acid level was 5 mg L−1. Each was combined with a series of Al doses. A laser particl

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Campinas, Margarida, Rui M. C. Viegas, Rosário Coelho, Helena Lucas, and Maria João Rosa. "Adsorption/Coagulation/Ceramic Microfiltration for Treating Challenging Waters for Drinking Water Production." Membranes 11, no. 2 (2021): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11020091.

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Pressurized powdered activated carbon/coagulation/ceramic microfiltration (PAC/Alum/MF) was investigated at pilot scale for treating low turbidity and low natural organic matter (NOM) surface waters spiked with organic microcontaminants. A total of 11 trials with clarified or non-clarified waters spiked with pesticides, pharmaceutical compounds, or microcystins were conducted to assess the removal of microcontaminants, NOM (as 254 nm absorbance, A254, and dissolved organic carbon, DOC), trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP), aerobic endospores as protozoan (oo)cysts indicators, bacterioph

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17

Hatukai, S., Y. Ben-Tzur, and M. Rebhun. "Particle counts and size distribution in system design for removal of turbidity by granular deep bed filtration." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 4 (1997): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0125.

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Surface water treatment plants are required to reduce filtered water turbidities down to 0.1 NTU. Turbidity measurement is not sensitive to particles in the size range of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts; furthermore, low treated water turbidity does not necessarily indicate their absence in the water. Particle removal measurement in the Giardia and Cryptosporidium size range was used for treatment process evaluation and optimization. Pilot plant experiments demonstrated that preoxidant type and dosing rate of alum and a cationic polymer affected removal efficiency of particles during

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18

Sari, Yenny, Muhammad Rosiawan, Rifda Aulia, and Edy Purwanto. "Enhancing responsible production and sustainable clean water supply: applying OEE and six big losses analysis in environmental engineering." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1445, no. 1 (2025): 012065. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1445/1/012065.

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Abstract This study aimed to identify production losses that occur in the Clearator Unit in one of the state-owned drinking water treatment companies so that the implementation of improvements can increase the effectiveness of the process. The Clearator Unit, as the object of the research, is a flocculation building used to accelerate the sedimentation in processing raw water into usable water. The methodology used to achieve the research objectives is the Six Big Losses and Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) approach for production loss analysis. In addition, quality tools such as the Ishi

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19

Haile, Colin N., Kurt J. Varner, Xia Huijing, et al. "Active and Passive Immunization with an Anti-Methamphetamine Vaccine Attenuates the Behavioral and Cardiovascular Effects of Methamphetamine." Vaccines 10, no. 9 (2022): 1508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10091508.

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Background: Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is a growing health concern with no FDA-approved treatment. The present series of studies build upon our previous work developing an anti-methamphetamine (MA) vaccine for MUD. We determined the effects of a formulation that included tetanus-toxoid (TT) conjugated to succinyl-methamphetamine (TT-SMA) adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide (alum) in combination with the novel Toll-Like Receptor-5 agonist, entolimod. Methods: Mice were vaccinated (0, 3, 6 weeks) with TT-SMA+alum and various doses of entolimod to determine an optimal dose for enhancing immu

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Shrestha, Sohan, Jagadeeshkumar Kulandaivelu, Keshab Sharma, Guangming Jiang, and Zhiguo Yuan. "Effects of dosing iron- and alum-containing waterworks sludge on sulfide and phosphate removal in a pilot sewer." Chemical Engineering Journal 387 (May 2020): 124073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.124073.

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21

Obianyo, Jude Iloabuchi, and J. C. Agunwamba. "Efficiencies of Horizontal and Vertical Baffle Mixers." Emerging Science Journal 3, no. 3 (2019): 130–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2019-01176.

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Efficiencies of sedimentation tanks with horizontal and vertical baffle mixers were studied, compared, and also to determine the optima values of factors of clarification in the sedimentation tanks. These are the discharge, basin baffle spacing and dosing factors, thereby comprises three factors at five levels for a 5k factorial design model. 2.0 mg/l of clay solution was introduced into the basin at discharge rates of 48.75 ml/s, 55.07 ml/s, 60.34 ml/s, 62.45 ml/s and 63.27 ml/s respectively. Alum solution was introduced as coagulant at the inlet of the basin, samples were collected both from

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de Haas, David W., and Harma A. Greben. "Phosphorus Fractionation of Activated Sludges from Modified Bardenpho Processes with and without Chemical Precipitant Supplementation." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 4-6 (1991): 623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0512.

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The natural occurrence of chemically precipitated phosphate in activated sludge (AS) has been hypothesized for over two decades and deserves fresh attention in view of the increasingly common practice of chemical addition to modified AS systems to achieve P removal. In this study, orthophosphate extracted from AS of modified Bardenpho plants could not be accounted for on the basis of polyphosphate interferences. In a plant not dosed with chemicals at least 14 mg P/g VSS were therefore formed by natural precipitation reactions while an identical plant dosed with ferric sulphate showed at least

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Wang, Dongsheng. "Research on raw water quality assessment oriented to drinking water treatment based on the SVM model." Water Supply 16, no. 3 (2015): 746–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2015.186.

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Raw water quality variation has a great effect on drinking water treatment. To improve the adaptivity of drinking water treatment and stabilize the quality of treated water, a raw water quality assessment method, which is based upon the support vector machine (SVM), is developed in this study. Compared to existing raw water quality assessment methods, the assessment method studied herein is oriented to drinking water treatment and can directly be used for the control of the chemical (alum and ozone) dosing process. To this end, based upon the productive experiences and the analysis of the oper

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Matsushita, T., Y. Matsui, and T. Inoue. "Irreversible and reversible adhesion between virus particles and hydrolyzing-precipitating aluminium: a function of coagulation." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 12 (2004): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0714.

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The infectivity of viruses (Qβ, MS2, T4, and P1) after dosing virus-contaminated water with 4 types of aluminium coagulant was investigated. The concentrations of infectious viruses were determined after dissolving aluminium hydroxide flocs in alkaline solution. The concentration of infectious viruses did not recover to the initial value after a short floc-dissolution time (5 s). Although the infectious virus concentration increased as the floc-dissolution time was extended to 5 h, it did not recover fully. Irreversible adhesion between virus particles and aluminium coagulant is responsible fo

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Thomas, M., P. Wright, L. Blackall, V. Urbain, and J. Keller. "Optimisation of Noosa BNR plant to improve performance and reduce operating costs." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 12 (2003): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0639.

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Noosa WWTP is publicly owned and privately operated by Australian Water Services. The process includes primary sedimentation, raw sludge fermentation, biological nutrient removal (BNR), sand filtration and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. An innovative feature of the plant is the supplementary carbon dosing facility to avoid the use of metal salts (alum or ferric) for phosphorus removal. The average flow treated during 2000 was 9.0 ML/d. The annual 50 percentile effluent quality requirements for nutrients are total N &lt; 5 mg/L and total P &lt; 1 mg/L. The objectives of this project wer

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Wang, Zhangzheng, Yunyun Li, Min Hu, et al. "Influence of DOM characteristics on the flocculation removal of trace pharmaceuticals in surface water by the successive dosing of alum and moderately hydrophobic chitosan." Water Research 213 (April 2022): 118163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118163.

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Wrigley, Tim. "Microbial counts and pesticide concentrations in drinking water after alum flocculation of channel feed water at the household level, in Vinh Long Province, Vietnam." Journal of Water and Health 5, no. 1 (2006): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2006.003.

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Low technology water supply, treatment and sanitation techniques were reviewed in a Vietnamese village in the Mekong River Delta as part of an AusAID Project to reduce poverty and to improve the overall living standards and health in the Cuu Long (Mekong) delta for 500,000 rural poor. It was found that dosing of canal water in 200-l ceramic jars with alum, PAC or PAC followed by hypochlorite provides a high level of treatment for drinking water at the household level in a rural village setting in the Mekong River delta. Seventy per cent (7 in total) of the 24 samples collected showed that Esch

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Ratajczak, Marek J., Kirsten N. Exall, and Peter M. Huck. "Factors affecting coagulation as a pretreatment to ultrafiltration membranes." Water Quality Research Journal 47, no. 2 (2012): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2012.010.

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Low pressure membranes can be effective in treating various types of water, but are subject to fouling. In this work, chemical coagulation was studied as a pretreatment to ultrafiltration (UF), with the goal of mitigating fouling while maintaining high permeate water quality. Alum and ferric chloride were evaluated, as well as two polyaluminum chloride (PACl) products of different basicities and compositions. A bench-scale hollow fiber UF unit was developed to study the treatment of raw and pretreated water from two southern Ontario drinking water sources. The four coagulants were compared at

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Sahu, Omprakash. "Suitability of aluminum material on sugar industry wastewater with chemical and electrochemical treatment processes." International Journal of Industrial Chemistry 10, no. 4 (2019): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40090-019-00196-8.

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AbstractAluminum is a valuable material, which can be used for water and wastewater treatment. It exists in metal as well as in salt form. The efficiency of water and wastewater treatment depends upon the technology applied to treat. Sugarcane industry is coming under those industries which have a large amount of freshwater and release large amount of effluent. The goal of this research work is to study the behavior of aluminum metal and salt for the treatment of sugar industry wastewater on chemical oxidation and electrochemical oxidation. The effect of pH, dosing, temperature and catalysis o

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Ragheb, Jack A., Ronald Buggage, George Reed, Grace Levy-Clarke, and Robert Nussenblatt. "Abrogation of potent humoral vaccine responses in patients on long-term anti-CD25 therapy (B196)." Journal of Immunology 178, no. 1_Supplement (2007): LB41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.b196.

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Abstract Daclizumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds CD25, has been effective in the treatment of a number of autoimmune diseases. Despite continuous IL-2 receptor blockade for extended periods in these patients, there have been no instances of opportunistic infection and the rate of community-acquired infections is no greater than that of the general populace. This suggests that daclizumab dosing is balanced between prevention of autoimmunity and susceptibility to infection. To test this hypothesis, as a surrogate for infection we measured hepatitis vaccine responses in five patients with au

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Song, Shaokun, Ka Yu Cheng, Beatrice Yong, and Maneesha P. Ginige. "Long-term performance of a full-scale intermittently decanted extended aeration (IDEA) plant: The effect of dissolved oxygen and the relocation of alum dosing to bioselector." Journal of Environmental Management 302 (January 2022): 113915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113915.

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Dr., Tanmay Sanyal*1 Himika Deb2 &. Sudipa Mukherjee3. "USE OF SURFACE WATER TO COMBAT GROUNDWATER POLLUTION: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO GANGA WATER TREATMENT PLANT OF CHAKDAHA, NADIA, WEST BENGAL." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 9 (2017): 595–605. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.996020.

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West Bengal is one of the largely arsenic contaminated states in India. In West Bengal, the groundwater in Nadia district is mostly affected by arsenic. The polluted water poses undoubtedly a great threat to the people of Bengal Delta living in and around the study area, Chakdaha. To save people from arsenic contamination, various short- term projects were taken previously decades ago, but unfortunately all those projects failed due to complicated operation, lack of maintenance and non- acceptance by the society people. The Govt. of West Bengal realised the severity of the problem and came for

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Shukla, Anshuman, Kapil Khatri, Prem N. Gupta, Amit K. Goyal, Abhinav Mehta, and Suresh P. Vyas. "Oral immunization against hepatitis B using bile salt stabilized vesicles (bilosomes)." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 1 (2008): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3k01m.

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PURPOSE: Presently available hepatitis B vaccine is administered through parenteral route and fails to induce mucosal antibody response. Oral immunization appears to be an effective and attractive alternative to the parenteral immunization. However, the problem of degradation of antigen in harsh and hostile environment of the gastrointestinal tract consequently requires larger dose and more frequent dosing of antigen. Furthermore, much larger dose can induce systemic tolerance. In order to overcome these problems bile salt stabilized vesicles (bilosomes) can be used, which could provide both p

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DeClercq, Charlene, Delia Demers, Andrea Bree, et al. "Specific blockade of protein kinase C (PKC)-theta with a small molecule antagonist attenuates lung inflammation in a mouse model of established allergic airway disease (140.21)." Journal of Immunology 182, no. 1_Supplement (2009): 140.21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.140.21.

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Abstract PKCθ is primarily expressed in T cells and is recruited to the immunological synapse upon T cell receptor signaling. PKCθ deficient mice display a diminished pulmonary inflammatory response following allergen challenge. We investigated the allergic airway response in mice when PKCθ is specifically blocked with a small molecule inhibitor (compound A). Mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) in alum on days 0 and 14, then challenged with OVA on days 26, 27, and 28 (primary challenges). Four weeks later mice were aerosolized once with OVA (rechallenge). Airway inflammation was monitore

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Agarwal, Yash, K. Wittrup, and Darrell Irvine. "738 Intratumoral administration of alum-tethered engineered inflammatory cytokines safely elicits potent local and systemic immunity." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (2021): A769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.738.

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BackgroundWhile immune checkpoint blockade therapy has improved progression-free survival in patients suffering from cancer over other treatments,1–4 these typically elicit durable responses in only minority of patients, in part because of the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME).5 6 Rational combinations with inflammatory cytokines can relieve some immunosuppression,7 8 but systemic dosing of these proteins is impeded by severe immune-related adverse events (irAE).9–14 One approach to focus the activity of immunostimulatory agents in tumors while lowering systemic toxicity is

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Chen, Wilbur H., Marcela F. Pasetti, Rajan P. Adhikari, et al. "Safety and Immunogenicity of a Parenterally Administered, Structure-Based Rationally Modified Recombinant Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Protein Vaccine, STEBVax." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 23, no. 12 (2016): 918–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00399-16.

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ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureusproduces several enterotoxins and superantigens, exposure to which can elicit profound toxic shock. A recombinant staphylococcal enterotoxin B (rSEB) containing 3 distinct mutations in the major histocompatibility complex class II binding site was combined with an alum adjuvant (Alhydrogel) and used as a potential parenteral vaccine named STEBVax. Consenting healthy adult volunteers (age range, 23 to 38 years) participated in a first-in-human open-label dose escalation study of parenteral doses of STEBVax ranging from 0.01 μg up to 20 μg. Safety was assessed by det

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Emeruwa, Akunna, Angus Oli, and Malachy Ugwu. "An Overview of Novel Adjuvants and Delivery Platforms as a Model Approach to Current Vaccine Development." Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences 13, no. 1 (2025): 193. https://doi.org/10.5455/mjhs.2025.01.015.

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Vaccine development is one of the most significant achievements of humans in Biomedicine. These vaccines are usually supplemented with adjuvants to enhance immunity. Apart from alum which is recognized as the gold standard, one may increase the quality of the vaccine by adding other adjuvants or agents that boost the immune response with improved delivery vehicles such as liposomes, immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOMs), and micro/nanospheres. Adjuvants stimulate the effectiveness of a vaccine by activating the immune system to respond more strongly to the vaccine, resulting in enhanced immuni

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Li, Dongmei, Idalia Cruz, Sharareh Sorkhabi, Patricia L. Foley, Julie Wagner, and Joseph A. Bellanti. "Dose-response studies of methylated and nonmethylated CpG ODNs from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis for optimizing Treg cell stimulation." Allergy and Asthma Proceedings 46, no. 2 (2025): 98–104. https://doi.org/10.2500/aap.2025.46.250001.

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Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the most effective treatment for atopic allergic diseases, aiming to induce regulatory T cells (Treg) that modify the immune response to specific allergens, which leads to long-term tolerance and reduced symptoms. Enhancing Treg activity is crucial for improving immunotherapy outcomes. In a previous murine model study, we examined the effects of a synthetic methylated DNA oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) from the Bl-T2 m5C motif of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis. The ODN that contains the methylated BI-T2 m5C motif (methylated ODNA) sequence conjug

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Cho, Eun Hye, Kyunghoon Lee, Mina Yang, et al. "Development and Validation of a Novel Warfarin Dosing Algorithm for Korean Patients With VKORC1 1173C." Annals of Laboratory Medicine 40, no. 3 (2020): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3343/alm.2020.40.3.216.

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Hasanali, Zainul, Kamal Sharma, Sara Shimko, et al. "Epigenetically induced expression of CD30 in T-PLL: A rationale for the use of brentuximab vedotin." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (2012): 6616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.6616.

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6616 Background: T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is characterized by high lymphocyte counts, skin involvement and enlarged organs. Treatment with alemtuzumab (alem) induces complete remission (CR) in >50% of patients, duration is short (median: 6 mos). Therapy with the histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) vorinostat (SAHA) or romidepsin (romi) and cladribine (2-CdA), may augment mAb activity. Methods: Five T-PLL patients were studied (Table). Diagnosis was made by pathology, flow cytometry and TCR studies. Alem (30 mg sq d1,3,5) and 2-CdA (5mg/m2 d1-5), followed by alem, 2-CdA and

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Samosir, Alexander. "PERBANDINGAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE MIND MAPPING DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TIPE MAKE A MATCH PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA KELAS V SD SD NEGERI 091585 AFD III DOSIN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021." Management of Education: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 7, no. 1 (2021): 64–68. https://doi.org/10.18592/moe.v7i1.8943.

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Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar siswa yang belum tuntas secara klasikal pada mata pelajaran IPA materi sumber daya alam di kelas V SD 091585 AFD III DOLOK SINUMBAH Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Hal ini disebabkan karena pelaksanaan pembelajaran Masih berpusat guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah hasil belajar IPA siswa dengan model Mind Mapping lebih tinggi dari pada menggunakan model Make A Match pada mata pelajaran IPA materi sumber daya alam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD NEGERI 091585 AFD III DOLOK SINUMBAH.

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Davids, Matthew S., Haesook T. Kim, Stacey M. Fernandes, et al. "A Phase II Study of Ofatumumab-High Dose Methylprednisolone Followed By Ofatumumab-Alemtuzumab in 17p Deleted or TP53 Mutated CLL." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 4159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4159.4159.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Even in the age of kinase inhibitors, the prognosis for patients (pts) with CLL with del(17p) or TP53 mutations remains poor, with the median PFS only 28 mo. for pts with relapsed/refractory del(17p) CLL treated with ibrutinib. High dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) and alemtuzumab (alem) both have activity in 17p disease and work independently of TP53. Prior work has demonstrated that giving HDMP/alem simultaneously is efficacious, but toxic. We hypothesized that giving these agents sequentially with ofatumumab (ofa) would maintain efficacy while decreasing toxicity. METHODS

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Garey, Kevin W., Kevin W. Garey, Martin Kankam, et al. "LB7. A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo- and Vancomycin-Controlled, First-In-Human (FIH) Study of the Safety, Pharmacokinetics (PK), and Fecal Microbiome Effects of ACX-362E, a Novel Anti-Clostridial DNA Polymerase IIIC (polIIIC) Inhibitor." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (2019): S995—S996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz415.2490.

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Abstract Background ACX-362E, a novel DNA polIIIC inhibitor, is a narrow-spectrum antibacterial selectively active against certain Gram-positive bacteria, including Clostridioides difficile (MIC90 = 4 µg/mL). The objectives of this phase I study was to assess the safety, pharmacokinetics, and fecal microbiome effects of ACX-362E Methods This three-part FIH phase 1, double-blind, randomized healthy volunteer trial determined the safety profile, food effect, and systemic/stool pharmacokinetics of escalating single (150, 300, 600, and 900 mg) and multiple (300 and 450 mg) doses of oral ACX-362E v

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Namaz Rizvan Manafov, Namaz. "PROFESSOR BAYRAM ƏHMƏDOV ZAMANIN YADDAŞINDA." SCIENTIFIC WORK 60, no. 11 (2020): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/60/4-5.

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Hündürboylu, gülərüzlü, səliqəli və şux geyinən Bayram müəllim elə ilk görüşdən adamı özünə cəlb edirdi. Həm alimliyi, həm müəllimliyi, həm də insanlığı ilə yadda qalan, ehtiramla yad edilən şəxsiyyət idi. Dilçi alim Bayram Baxşalı oğlu Əhmədov 1935-ci ilin aprel ayının 28-də Ağdaş rayonunun Pirkəkə kəndində anadan olmuşdur. 1943-1949-cu illərdə kənddəki yeddiillik məktəbdə oxumuş, 1949-1953-cü illərdə Ağdaş Pedaqoji Texnikumunda təhsil almışdır. Texnikumu fərqlənmə diplomu ilə bitirərək Qazax rayonunun Dağkəsəmən kənd orta məktəbində bir il sinif müəllimi işləmiş, 1954-1959-cu illərdə o vaxtk

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Taygerly, Joshua P., Michael P. DeMartino, Brian T. Jones, et al. "Abstract 5750: Discovery of GSK4418959 (IDE275): A novel, non-covalent, reversible Werner Helicase inhibitor and a new potential therapeutic for the treatment of MSI-H cancers." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 5750. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-5750.

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Recent large-scale genome wide CRISPR screens identified Werner (WRN) Helicase as uniquely essential to cell survival specifically in the microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) cancer setting. This synthetic lethal relationship elevated WRN as an attractive precision therapeutic target for the treatment of MSI-H cancers, irrespective of tumor type. High-throughput screening identified a hit characterized by low potency inhibition of ATPase function. This poster describes the systematic optimization of this hit resulting in the discovery of clinical candidate GSK4418959, a novel, potent and se

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Rambaldi, Alessandro, Alessandra Algarotti, Caterina Micò, et al. "In Vivo T Cell Depletion with Antithymocyte Globulin or Alemtuzumab for Unrelated Donor Stem Cell Transplantation with Reduced Intensity Conditioning: Results of a Multicenter Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial (The Global Study) From the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Di Midollo Osseo (GITMO)." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.221.221.

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Abstract Abstract 221 Background and aim In vivo T cell depletion with either Antithymocyte Globulin (ATG) or Alemtuzumab (Alem) for GVHD prophylaxis is frequently included in reduced intensity conditioning (RIC). We recently reported the results of two Phase II studies performed by GITMO in high risk patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) using an unrelated donor (UD) after conditioning with either an ATG or Alem based RIC (Rambaldi et al.: Leukemia 2012). Since both these programs proved to be well tolerated and reasonably effective we compared them in a prospective

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Andrade, Elenise. "MONALISA, MELHOR NÃO ESCREVER ISSO...: memes em (des)construções." Revista Observatório 4, no. 1 (2018): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2018v4n1p145.

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Instigada pela questão proposta pelo dossiê: “Não se trata da pós-construção de verdades objetivas ou subjetivas, formais ou ideológicas, mas de (pós)verdades lúdicas. Há, nas escritas, uma pós-verdade que não seja imediatamente mentira? O que pode a pós-verdade, as escritas e...?” Desescrever é não escrever? É apagar? É descrever? Planos-camadas. “Como é que é Edgar?”, “Tom, melhor não escrever isso”, “Sir Issac, gostaria de publicar essa afirmação?”. Fotografias, frases, pós-produção de sentidos. Monalisa, Monacrespa, Mona que desistiu do Louvre, Mona com um maço de folhas de Cannabis sativa

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Lykins, William R., Jeroen Pollet, Jessica A. White, et al. "Optimizing immunogenicity and product presentation of a SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine composition: effects of delivery route, heterologous regimens with self-amplifying RNA vaccines, and lyophilization." Frontiers in Immunology 15 (December 16, 2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1480976.

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IntroductionDozens of vaccines have been approved or authorized internationally in response to the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, covering a range of modalities and routes of delivery. For example, mucosal delivery of vaccines via the intranasal (i.n.) route has been shown to improve protective mucosal responses in comparison to intramuscular (i.m.) delivery. As we gain knowledge of the limitations of existing vaccines, it is of interest to understand if changes in product presentation or combinations of multiple vaccine modalities can further improve immunological outcomes.MethodsWe investigate

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Nti, Samuel Owusu, Richard Buamah, and Janet Atebiya. "Polyaluminium chloride dosing effects on coagulation performance: case study, Barekese, Ghana." Water Practice and Technology, July 14, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2021.069.

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Abstract Alum, the predominant coagulant in conventional drinking water treatment schemes, has various disadvantages including the production of large volumes of sludge, lowering water pH (requiring pH adjustment using lime), limited coagulation pH range of 6.5 to 8.0, etc. At the Barekese Water Treatment Plant in Ghana, an alternative, the polyelectrolyte – polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is also used in coagulation but limited information is available on the operating conditions required to achieve better performance than alum-based coagulation. The aim of this study was to determine the optima

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Mwaisowa, Farai, Eng Hoko, and Clarence Farai Mapenzauswa. "Feasibility of dissolved air flotation for drinking water treatment for Harare." Water Practice and Technology, December 20, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2022.165.

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Abstract Lake Chivero, Harare's major raw water source, is eutrophic and algae-infested. Consequently, the conventional water treatment processes (CWTPs) that are used at Harare's main water treatment works, Morton Jaffray Water Treatment Works (MJWTW), have been ineffective in algae removal. This study was carried out to investigate the feasibility of using dissolved air flotation (DAF) to remove algae at MJWTW. Experiments were carried out using a 60-L DAF pilot system with a hydraulic loading rate of 7 m/h. Raw and treated water was characterised in terms of turbidity, pH and electrical con

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