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Sergeyev, D. M., and S. K. Kutshanov. "About resonance tunneling of quasiparticles through nanocontact «aluminum – aluminium oxide – aluminum» at low temperatures." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. "Physics Series" 86, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2017phys2/21-29.
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Shen, Yang, Yu Zhong Ruan, Yan Yu, and Yun Hong Zheng. "Synthesis of Aluminium Titanate Ceramics from Waste Sludge of Aluminium Factory." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 1538–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.1538.
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Aluminium titanate was synthesized using waste aluminium sludge and chemical pure TiO2 powder as raw materials. Effect of different compositions on crystal structure and contents of target product was discussed. XRD results showed that four crystal phases, aluminium titanate, perovskite, rutile and aluminum oxide, are formed in the sintered samples. The content of aluminium titanate increases first and then decreases with the decrease of the content of waste aluminum sludge. When the content of the sludge is 65.52wt%, the content of aluminium titanate reaches the maximum of 86.1wt%.
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Prasetya, Andreas Yoppy Aprianto, and Isdiriayani Nurdin. "Korosi Alumunim dalam larutan asam sitrat." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 11, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2012.11.2.8.
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The corrosion of Allumunium in citric acid sollutionCitric acid is a carboxylic acid that is widely used as an additive in the beverage industry. Aluminum cans are often used as a beverage packaging due to its lightweight, space efficient, and low production costs. Contact between citric acid and the aluminum cans may cause corrosion reactions that lead contamination of beverages by corrosion products. This study aims to test the aluminum resistance against citric acid at the concentration of 1, 2, and 4 %-wt, and temperature of 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C. The specimen used is a 1 cm2 aluminum plate with a purity of 99.07%. The experiment consists of aluminum corrosion rate measurements using the Tafel method and aluminum corrosion mechanism prediction using cyclic-voltammetry method. The research results show that aluminum is corroded into Al3+ by citric acid solution in a one-stage reaction with activation energy of 65.01 kJ/mol. The corrosion products are not stable, it forms amorphous aluminum salts. The aluminum corrosion rate increases with rising citric acid concentration and temperature that can be classified in "negligible" to "medium" category.Keywords: aluminum, citric acid concentration, corrosion, temperature AbstrakAsam sitrat merupakan asam karboksilat yang banyak digunakan sebagai aditif pada industri minuman. Kaleng aluminium sering dipakai sebagai kemasan minuman karena sifatnya yang ringan, efisien ruang, dan biaya produksinya rendah. Kontak asam sitrat dengan kemasan berupa kaleng aluminium dapat menyebabkan reaksi korosi yang berujung kontaminasi produk korosi terhadap minuman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ketahanan aluminium terhadap korosivitas asam sitrat pada konsentrasi 1, 2, dan 4 %-b, serta temperatur 40 °C, 50 °C, dan 60 °C. Logam yang digunakan merupakan pelat aluminium dengan kemurnian 99,07% dan luas permukaan 1 cm2. Penelitian mencakup pengukuran laju korosi aluminium dengan metoda Tafel dan prediksi mekanisme korosi aluminium dengan metoda voltametri siklik. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa aluminium terkorosi dalam larutan asam sitrat menjadi Al3+ dengan satu tahap reaksi searah dan energi aktivasi sebesar 65,01 kJ/mol. Produknya bersifat tidak stabil, langsung membentuk garam aluminium amorf. Laju korosi aluminium meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi asam sitrat dan temperatur, termasuk golongan korosi “dapat diabaikan” hingga “sedang”.Kata kunci: aluminium, konsentrasi asam sitrat, korosi, temperatur
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Cao, Dan Yang, Xi Zhong Song, and Jin Hong Li. "Research on Statistical Process Control for Aluminium Electrolysis Reduction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 1839–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.1839.
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In order to lower the measurement system errors in aluminum electrolysis reduction, and find out the abnormity of process parameters, this paper considered the process parameters in the production process, used mean-range control chart in statistical process control to analyse aluminium level data during aluminium electrolysis reduction, designed and implemented the statistical process control system for aluminum electrolysis reduction data, presented process improvement method for aluminium level data. Results for the 300KA aluminium electrolysis cell show the statistical process control system can ensure the stability of aluminium electrolysis pot process parameters, find out specific reasons of abnormal data, keep the material balance and energy balance, improve current efficiency, and reduce the energy consumption.
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Huynh, Khanh Cong, and Luc Hoai Vo. "Modification of aluminium and aluminium alloys by AL-B master alloy." Science and Technology Development Journal 17, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v17i2.1315.
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Chemical compositions and microstructures affect on mechanical – physical and working properties of aluminium and aluminum alloys. Transition elements, such as Ti, V, Cr, Zr in solid solution greatly reduce the electrical conductivity of aluminium and its alloys. For reduction of detrimental effects of transition elements, Al-B master alloys are added into molten aluminium to occur reactions of boron and transition elements to form diborides of titanium, vanadium, chromium and zirconium, which are markedly insoluble in molten aluminium, then these transition elements have an insignificant effects on conductivity. In addition, Al-B master alloys is also used as a grain refiner of aluminium and aluminium alloys. Aluminium borides particles in Al-B master alloys act as substrates for heterogeneous nucleation of aluminium and its alloys. Al-B master alloys are prepared from low cost materials, such as boric acid H3BO3 and cryolite Na3AlF6, by simple melting method, easily realize in electrical wire and cable factories.
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Wongpreedee, Kageeporn, Panphot Ruethaitananon, and Tawinun Isariyamateekun. "Interface Layers of Ag-Al Fusing Metals by Casting Processes." Advanced Materials Research 787 (September 2013): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.787.341.
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The materials of fusing metals commercially used in the jewelry niche marketing is seen as precious metals. An innovation of fusing metals searched for new materials to differentiate from the markets for mass production. In this research, it studied the bonding processes of silver and aluminium metals by casting processes for mass productions. The studies had been varied parameters on the types of aluminium and process temperature controls. This research had used two types of aluminium which were pure aluminium 99.99% and aluminum 5083 alloys bonding with pure silver 99.99%. The temperatures had been specified for two factors including casting temperature at X1, X2 and flasking temperature at Y1, Y2. From the results, it was found that the casting temperature at 730°C and the flasking temperature at 230 °C of pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloys bonding had the thinnest average thickness of interface at 427.29 μm. The microstructure of pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloy bonding was revealed eutectic-like structures at the interfaces. The EDS analysis showed the results of compounds at interface layers of Ag sides giving Ag2Al intermetallics on pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloy bonding unlike pure silver-pure aluminium bonding giving Ag3Al intermetallics.
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Inseemeesak, Benjaporn, and Aphichart Rodchanarowan. "The Influence of Aluminium Dross on Cement Paste's Porosity." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.445.
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In this study aluminium dross, an industrial waste product from the aluminum casting industry which contains mostly aluminum, aluminium oxide, and volatile gases such as ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4) and hydrogen (H2). In this study it is used as an admixture in cement paste to observe its effects on the porosity and bulk density of the material. The parameters used in the study include; the effects when different quantities of aluminium dross are added to portland cement (portland cement:aluminium dross by weight; 1: 0.05, 1: 0.10, and 1: 0.20) and the effect of different sized particles of aluminium dross (average diameter of aluminium dross particles; <45, 60, and 90 μm) on porosity and bulk density of cement paste. According to the study, as the amount of aluminium dross content in cement paste increases, the area fraction of porosity in the cement paste increases; yet the bulk density of cement paste decreases. In addition, when the particle size of aluminium dross decreases both of the pores size in the cement paste and bulk density of cement paste decrease.
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Lazarevic, Zorica, Vesna Miskovic-Stankovic, Zorica Kacarevic-Popovic, and Dragutin Drazic. "Epoxy coatings electrodeposited on aluminium and modified aluminium surfaces." Chemical Industry 56, no. 11 (2002): 468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0211468l.
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The corrosion behaviour and thermal stability of epoxy coatings electrodeposited on modified aluminum surfaces (anodized, phosphatized and chromatized-phosphatized aluminium) were monitored during exposure to 3% NaCl solution, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Better protective properties of the epoxy coatings on anodized and chromatized-phosphatized aluminum with respect to the same epoxy coatings on aluminum and phosphatized aluminum were obtained: higher values of Rp and Rct and smaller values of Cc and Cd, from EIS, and a smaller amount of absorbed water inside the coating, from TGA. On the other hand, a somewhat lower thermal stability of these coatings was obtained (smaller values of the ipdt temperature). This behavior can be explained by the less porous structure of epoxy coatings on anodized and chromatized-phosphatized aluminum, caused by a lower rate of H2 evolution and better wet ability.
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Kucharčík, L., M. Brůna, and A. Sládek. "Influence of Chemical Composition on Porosity in Aluminium Alloys." Archives of Foundry Engineering 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2014-0026.
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Abstract Porosity is one of the major defects in aluminum castings, which results is a decrease of a mechanical properties. Porosity in aluminum alloys is caused by solidification shrinkage and gas segregation. The final amount of porosity in aluminium castings is mostly influenced by several factors, as amount of hydrogen in molten aluminium alloy, cooling rate, melt temperature, mold material, or solidification interval. This article deals with effect of chemical composition on porosity in Al-Si aluminum alloys. For experiment was used Pure aluminum and four alloys: AlSi6Cu4, AlSi7Mg0, 3, AlSi9Cu1, AlSi10MgCu1.
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Lote, CJ, JA Wood, A. Thewles, and M. Freeman. "Renal filtration and excretion of aluminium in the rat: dose-response relationships and effects of aluminium speciation." Human & Experimental Toxicology 14, no. 6 (June 1995): 494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719501400605.
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The known toxicity of aluminium, and the toxicity of agents (such as desferrioxamine) used to remove alumini um from the body, has prompted us to investigate whether there may be ways of enhancing aluminium excretion by exploiting the normal renal handling of aluminium. Aluminium (as sulphate or citrate) was administered intravenously to conscious rats at doses ranging from 25 μg (0.93 μmol) to 800 μg (29.6 μmol) aluminium, and alu minium excretion was monitored over the following 2 h. Measurements of the filterability of aluminium from the rat plasma, and the glomerular filtration rate (inulin clearance), enabled us to calculate the filtered load of alu minium, and hence determine aluminium reabsorption. At all doses of administered aluminium, that adminis tered as sulphate was excreted less effectively than that administered as citrate. This difference was attributable to the much greater filterability of aluminium administered as citrate. However, for any given filtered load, the excre tion of aluminium administered as citrate was not signifi cantly different (in either fractional or absolute terms) from the excretion of aluminium administered as sulphate. It seems likely that, following aluminium sulphate administration, the filtered aluminium may be an alumini um citrate form which is then reabsorbed in the same way as aluminium administered as citrate. It is thus apparent that aluminium removal from the body could be further enhanced if it were possible to pre vent the tubular reabsorption of the aluminium species which is so effectively filtered following aluminium citrate administration.
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Alekseev, A. V., V. V. Strekalov, A. A. Khasin, and M. R. Predtechensky. "Effect of carbon nanotubes and oxide nanofibers on mechanical properties of aluminum AD0 after cold working and annealing." Perspektivnye Materialy 4 (2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30791/1028-978x-2021-4-56-66.
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Cast aluminium composite materials based on AD0 aluminium, reinforced with carbon nanotubes and aluminium oxide nanofibers are obtained. It is shown that the additives of 0.05 wt % of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and aluminum oxide nanofibers (AONF) allow increasing ultimate tensile strength of cast metal by 15 % and 16 % respectively. Strengthening of the metal is maintained after cold deformation and annealing. Aluminum AD0 with additives SWCNT or AONF retains high strength after annealing, while aluminum without additives is significantly weakened, this allows to obtain annealed aluminum wire, with a strength limit of 54 – 69 % and yield strength of 53 – 78 % higher than that of metal without additives. The influence of SWCNT and AONF on the size of aluminum grain AD0 in the cast state, after cold deformation and annealing has been studied. Nano-additives have been found to inhibit the growth of metal grains at the stage of collective recrystallization, as well as to influence the process of primary recrystallization of aluminum.
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Zou, Cheng Lu, Gui Hong Geng, and Wei Ye Chen. "Development and Application of Aluminium-Lithium Alloy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.12.
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The history of aluminium-lithium alloys development has been reviewed in this paper. According to the strength, weld ability and corrosion resistance, thermal stability and plasticity, aluminium-lithium alloy has been categorized and the defects of aluminium-lithium alloys in early stage have been analyzed. As compared the third generation of aluminium-lithium alloy with normal aluminum alloy and composite materials, it indicates aluminium-lithium alloy has better performance, lower cost and reduced weight. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the rapid solidification, ingot casting metallurgy and electromagnetic simulated microgravity methods in synthesis of aluminium-lithium alloy, it has been found microgravity method has prominent effect on reducing the alloy segregation and lithium losses. Finally, the future development of aluminium-lithium alloys has been discussed.
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Harnau, Georg. "Aluminium strahlt Aluminium." JOT Journal für Oberflächentechnik 55, no. 8 (July 27, 2015): 66–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35144-015-0679-6.
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Harnau, Georg. "Aluminium strahlt Aluminium." JOT Journal für Oberflächentechnik 55, S19 (October 2015): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35144-015-0769-5.
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Zhou, Jia, Jun Ping Zhang, and Ming Tu Ma. "Study on the Formability of Aluminium Alloy Sheets at Room and Elevated Temperatures." Materials Science Forum 877 (November 2016): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.877.393.
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This paper presents the main achievements of a research project aimed at investigating the applicability of the hot stamping technology to non heat treatable aluminium alloys of the 5052 H32 and heat treatable aluminium alloys of the 6016 T4P after six months natural aging. The formability and mechanical properties of 5052 H32 and 6016 T4P aluminum alloy sheets after six months natural aging under different temperature conditions were studied, the processing characteristics and potential of the two aluminium alloy at room and elevated temperature were investigated. The results indicated that the 6016 aluminum alloy sheet exhibit better mechanical properties at room temperature. 5052 H32 aluminum alloy sheet shows better formability at elevated temperature, and it has higher potential to increase formability by raising the temperature.
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Zhou, Yu Hong, Xing Hua Guo, and Xi Jiang Han. "Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminium Anode by CeCl3 in Simulated Seawater." Advanced Materials Research 281 (July 2011): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.281.11.
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Corrosion of aluminium anode in the seawater will reduce the life of the aluminum-air cell. It has been recognized that addition of inhibitor into the seawater electrolyte is an effective method that may prevent the corrosion of aluminium anode.The corrosion inhibition behavior of aluminium anode after addition of CeCl3 with different concentrations in simulated seawater has been investigated in this paper. EIS results showed that there was a significant increase of corrosion resistance when the concentration of CeCl3 reached 500mg·L-1 in simulated seawater, compared to the case without inhibitor. Potentiodynamic polarization curves showed that CeCl3 was a cathodic inhibitor in simulated seawater. SEM and XPS confirmed that the cerium oxide/hydroxide were formed at micro-cathodic areas of aluminum surface,which decreased the corrosion rate of aluminium anode.
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Tefa, Maria, and Ign Edi Santosa. "Pengukuran Modulus Young dengan Analisis Keadaan Resonansi Batang Aluminium yang Bergetar Menggunakan ImageMeter." Prosiding SNFA (Seminar Nasional Fisika dan Aplikasinya) 2 (November 28, 2017): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/prosidingsnfa.v2i0.21370.
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<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract:</strong> An experiment to determine Young’s Modulus by analyzing the vibrations of an aluminum bar has been conducted. The aluminium bar is vibrated by the magnetic field. A tiny magnet is glued at the free end of the bar. A coil carrying an alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field. The resonance condition is investigated by the measurement of its wavelength using the ImageMeter application. The natural frequency of the aluminum bar is determined from the measurement of its resonance frequencies. The natural frequency and the bar length are used to calculate Young’s Modulus. The experimental data shows the Young’s Modulus of aluminum is . This measurement method is used for learning purposes.</p><p class="KeywordsEngish"> </p><p class="AbstrakIndonesia"><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Telah dilakukan pengukuran nilai Modulus Young dengan analisis getaran dari sebuah batang aluminium. Batang aluminium digetarkan dengan medan magnet. Magnet kecil ditempelkan pada bagian ujung batang aluminium yang bebas. Sebuah kumparan yang berada di bawah ujung batang aluminium diberi arus bolak balik yang dapat diatur frekuensinya. Pada frekuensi tertentu akan terjadi resonansi dengan mengikuti pola yang khas. Keadaan resonansi batang aluminium ini dibuktikan dari hasil pengukuran panjang λ menggunakan aplikasi <em>ImageMeter</em>. Selanjutnya frekuensi alami batang aluminium ditentukan dari pengukuran frekuensi resonansinya. Nilai Modulus Young aluminium dihitung dari nilai frekuensi alami dan panjang batang. Dari hasil pengukuran diperoleh nilai Modulus Young . Metoda pengukuran ini digunakan untuk keperluan pembelajaran.</p><p class="KataKunci"><strong></strong><em><br /></em></p>
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Han, Li, Ken W. Young, R. Hewitt, N. Blundel, and Martin Thornton. "Advanced Joining Technologies for Aluminium Assembly for the Automotive Industry." Key Engineering Materials 410-411 (March 2009): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.410-411.105.
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The increased application of lightweight materials, such as aluminium has triggered many investigations into new joining techniques for aluminium alloys. The Resistance Spot Welding concept for aluminium has always attracted many researchers from different organizations. Self-piercing riveting is the major production process used to join aluminium sheet body structures for the automotive industry. Mean while, interest in laser welding and application as a candidate for joining aluminium is also growing. These key technologies for aluminium assembly are therefore being investigated by the research team at the University Of Warwick. The paper reported here looks at the feasibility of each process for joining thin gauge aluminium and compares the mechanical behavior for each joint type. The results suggested that all three joining technologies are feasible for joining aluminum and their mechanical behaviour is strongly dependent on the selection of process parameters
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Dawood, Nawal Mohammed. "Erosion-Corrosion Behavior of Al-20%Ni-Al2O3 Metal Matrix Composites by Stir Casting." Materials Science Forum 1002 (July 2020): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1002.161.
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Aluminium as matrix in particulars have been vastlys investigateds, this is becauses of the diverses applicationss of aluminium dues to its exceptional propertiess. Material scientistss alwayss face a challenges when it comess to the tribologicals and mechanicals propertiess of aluminium, as it exudess rather poors behaviours in these aspectss. Hences this works aims to improves the mechanicals and corrosives resistances of Aluminiums by reinforcings with aluminum oxides and Nickel throughs stir casting usings vortex techniques. Al-Ni-Al2O3 composites with percentages of Ni fixed at 20 % and Al2O3 differed through 4-8% in incrementss of 2 wt. % . Composites material was prepareds by stir castings using vortex techniques. The hardness value of the aluminiums matrix composites improved with increaseds percentages of Al2O3, maximums increase was obtaineds for 8% Al2O3 composite, viewing an increases of about 55%. A generals corrosions and erosion-corrosions for the Al-20%Ni bases alloys and the prepareds composites were carrieds out in 3.5wt% NaCl solutions as corrosives mediums for general corrosions while in erosion-corrosions with impacts angles 90° in slurry solutions ( 1wt%SiO2 sand in 3.5wt% NaCl solution as the erodent). It was founds that the general corrosions rates for composite specimens is lower than thats of the bases alloy (Al-20%Ni). In case of erosion-corrosion resultss, it was founds that the erosion corrosions resistances property of the prepareds composites improveds significantlys with the increaseds percentages of Al2O3. There wass a noticeable improvements in the corrosion resistances of the aluminiums composites compareds to its purest forms, owing to the presences of nickel. Howevers, the increases in Al2O3 percentages decrease the corrosions rates. The extreme decreases was obtaineds for 8% Al2O3 composites, with a decreases of 26% corrosion rates in (mpy) unit for composites material is lowers than that of the bases alloys.
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Jiang, Ying, Zhi Hua Xiong, and Qian Xiang. "Design of LED Integrated Package Devices." Applied Mechanics and Materials 246-247 (December 2012): 1154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.246-247.1154.
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To solve the technical problem of LED chips with top and back electrodes can only forms parallel connection; this paper provided integrated packaging structure by using silver reflective layers, aluminium oxide and aluminum plate. LED chips with top and back electrodes, according to a certain permutations and combinations way, were packaged integrally on the independent silver reflective layers. The silver reflective layers were on the aluminum plate with aluminium oxide insulating layer. Studies show that when the LED chips with top and back electrodes packaged on aluminum plate with aluminium oxide insulating layer are easier to achieve parallel and series connection. Moreover, the LED integrated package devices has higher driving voltage and lower driving current than traditional LED integrated package devices with top and back electrodes. In addition, independent silver reflective layers can provide integrated package devices with a better luminous efficiency.
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Lote, CJ, K. Willmott, Jeanne A. Wood, A. Thewles, and M. Freeman. "Renal excretion of aluminium in the rat: effect of citrate infusion." Human & Experimental Toxicology 14, no. 12 (December 1995): 945–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719501401202.
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When aluminium is administered intravenously to rats, the speciation of the aluminium has a major effect on its renal excretion. Aluminium administered as citrate is much more effectively excreted than that administered as chloride or sulphate. This suggests that citrate could be therapeutically useful in patients who have been exposed to aluminium. Accordingly, we have performed two series of experi ments in rats, in which a citrate infusion (intravenous), was begun either immediately after, or one hour after, the administration of an intravenous aluminium sulphate bolus. Both protocols led to markedly enhanced alumini um excretion compared to controls in which only 0.7% NaCl was infused. The enhancement of aluminium excre tion was 783% if citrate infusion was begun immediately after aluminium administration, and 335% if the citrate infusion began after an hour delay. The increased excre tion was due to an increase in the freely filterable fraction of aluminium. In the control experiments, in which aluminium sul phate administration was followed by 0.7% NaCl infusion, aluminium was found to be deposited in the liver. Administration of citrate one hour after the aluminium bolus did not reduce this liver deposition. The results indicate that a fraction of the plasma alu minium is accessible to the citrate infused and can thereby be converted into a filterable form which can be excreted. It appears that, for maximum therapeutic effect, citrate should be infused as rapidly as possible after an alumini um load, to limit aluminium binding to ligands which allow it to enter cells.
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Makhotkina, E. S., O. S. Ponomareva, and L. G. Kolyada. "Resource-Saving Technology of Recycling of Wastes of Secondary Aluminium Production in a Blast Furnace in the Process of Aluminous Slag Smelting." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 1081–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.1081.
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The paper considers the theoretical and practical aspects of recycling of secondary aluminium production wastes by adding them to the burden mix in the process of aluminous slag production (from bauxites) in the blast-furnace smelting operation. The comparative analysis of bauxite chemical composition and the secondary aluminium production waste was carried out and the feasibility of using secondary aluminium production waste as a raw material for blast-furnace smelting was studied. A mathematical model was presented to obtain aluminous slag by blast-furnace smelting of bauxites with their partial substitution with the secondary aluminium production waste; this model makes it possible to calculate the rational mixture of burden materials when aluminous slag is produced in a blast furnace taking into account chemical composition of the materials used and the required content of oxides of aluminium, calcium and silicon in the final slag. The high-alumina slag formed when the wastes of secondary aluminium production are used in burden materials is characterized by low gas content during slag tapping (in spite of the elevated temperature) and by high flowability. The laboratory tests of binding properties of the high-alumina slag obtained in a blast furnace using wastes of secondary aluminium production, which were carried out by the plant laboratory, showed that the cements produced from this slag have satisfactory strength characteristics, although their setting time is somewhat longer. Recycling of slag dumps of aluminium production will make it possible to obtain new sources of raw materials, enhance the technology of handling and transportation of materials from man-made mineral formations to recycling plants without increasing the environmental load.
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Han, Yu, Bao An Chen, Zhi Xiang Zhu, Dong Yu Liu, and Yan Qiu Xia. "Effects of Zr on Microstructure and Conductivity of Er Containing Heat-Resistant Aluminum Alloy Used for Wires." Materials Science Forum 852 (April 2016): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.852.205.
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It has particular heat-resistant property and conductivity of high-conductivity heat-resistant Aluminium alloys, which would be wildly applied in transmission and transformation flied. Al-Er-Zr alloys containing different content of Zr were prepared. The effect of Zr on microstructure of heat-resistance Aluminum alloy were studied by using of STEM, and thermodynamic behavior of Zr in Aluminium alloy was analyzed based on the theory of alloy phase formation. The results showed that the effect of Zr content on the grain size of heat-resistant aluminum alloy was remarkable, and the conductivity of heat-resistance Aluminum alloy was influenced.
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Uzun, A. "Compressive Crush Performance of Square Tubes Filled with Spheres of Closed-Cell Aluminum Foams." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 1755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0267.
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AbstractThis paper describes the compressive crush behaviour of spheres of closed-cell aluminium foams with different diameters (6, 8 and 10 mm) and square tubes filled with these spheres. The spheres of closed-cell aluminium foams are net spherical shape fabricated via powder metallurgy methods by heating foamable precursor materials in a mould. The square tubes were filled by pouring the spheres of closed-cell aluminium foams freely (without any bonding). The compressive crush performance of square tubes filled with spheres of closed-cell aluminum foams were compared to that of the empty tubes. The results show a significant influence of the spheres of closed-cell aluminium foam on the average crushing load of the square tubes. The energy absorption in the square tube filled with spheres of closed-cell aluminium foam with diameters of 10 mm is higher than in the other square tubes. The spheres of closed-cell aluminium foams led to improvement of the energy absorption capacity of empty tubes.
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Saraswati, Komang Ardya Putri, and Mohammad Razif. "POTENSI PEMANFAATAN SLAG ALUMINIUM SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI SEMEN DALAM PROSES STABILISASI/SOLIDIFIKASI LIMBAH B3 DENGAN KAJIAN PUSTAKA (STUDI KASUS : PT.X KECAMATAN KESAMBEN, JOMBANG)." JURNAL ENVIROTEK 12, no. 2 (November 22, 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/envirotek.v12i2.69.
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Slag aluminium tergolong limbah bahan berbahaya beracun (B3) dalam PP 101 tahun 2014 dengan kode B313-2 dan efeknya kronis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi pemanfaatan slag aluminum dengan menganalisa karakteristik limbah, proses solidfikasi dan kualitas kuat tekan dan TCLP produk solidifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik slag memiliki kandungan unsur B3 sesuai PP 101 tahun 2014 wajib dikelola, salah satunya dengan Stabilisasi/solidifikasi. Metode analisa pemanfaatan solidifikasi limbah slag aluminium dalam penelitian dilakukan dengan pengahancuran (crushing), penggilingan (grinding), pemilahan (sorting) dari aluminium dross dan pemulihan metal dengan peleburan. Slag berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan konstruksi seperti beton geompolimer, bata beton, batako, dan paving block. Komposisi slag aluminium dengan solidifikasi menunjukkan tidak melebihi 20% karena produk akan mengalami perlindian. Uji Kuat Tekan slag tertinggi pada PT.X jombang sebagai paving block tertinggi yaitu 36,8 Mpa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan parkir. Uji TCLP dari pemanfaatan slag aluminium memenuhi standar USEPA dan aman bagi lingkungan.
Kata Kunci : slag aluminium, solidifikasi, kuat tekan, TCLP
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Zhu, Ji Hua, Miao Chang Zhu, Liang Liang Wei, Wei Wen Li, and Feng Xing. "Bond Behavior of Aluminum Laminates in NSM Technique." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 1053–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.1053.
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An attempt was made to replace the commonly used Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) with aluminium alloy in NSM technique. This paper presents experimental investigation of interfacial bond behavior between NSM aluminium laminates and concrete structures. Aluminum laminates were mounted into premade slit of concrete with epoxy resin. Test results show that both maximum applied force and ductility of NSM reinforced specimens can be effectively improved by increasing bond length and width of aluminium laminates, whilst almost no change was found in average bond strength at the same time. Besides, the loaded end slip of specimen, corresponding to the maximum applied force, was mutually influenced by bond length and width of aluminium laminates. Furthermore, the measured strain distribution of aluminium laminates along the direction of bond length of specimen was found to be similar to that of FRP in NSM technique.
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Wang, Hai Chuan, Dan Liu, Zhi You Liao, Ming Li, Jie Lie, Gui Wang, and Matthew S. Dargusch. "Effect of Ultrasonic Power on the Microstructure and Hardness of Commercially Pure Aluminum." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 1192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.1192.
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Molten, commercially pure aluminum has been treated ultrasonically with differing input power. The results show that the ultrasonic power can significantly refine the microstructure of the aluminium and increase the hardness of the samples. A mathematical model developed in this paper can predict the effect of the ultrasonic power on the grain size of the pure aluminium well.
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Darnas, Yeggi. "EKSTRAKSI ALUMINIUM DARI TANAH LEMPUNG GAMBUT SEBAGAI KOAGULAN CAIR." Jurnal Dampak 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/dampak.10.1.11-19.2013.
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ABSTRAKAluminium adalah bahan utama yang terkandung dalam koagulan yang umum digunakan dalam proses koagulasi. Aluminium merupakan kandungan elemen ketiga terbesar yang terdapat pada lapisan kulit bumi, yang terdapat dalam mineral, bebatuan dan tanah liat, seperti tanah lempung gambut yang mengandung garam aluminium, telah dapat dijadikan koagulan bantu. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengembangan dengan mengekstraksi aluminium yang terkandung dalam tanah lempung gambut yang mengandung 18,78% Al2O3 dijadikan kogulan pengganti (PAC) untuk menurunkan zat organik alam pada air gambut. Hal yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah dihasilkannya koagulan cair dari tanah lempung gambut yang ada di Indonesia. Koagulan cair diekstraksi dari tanah lempung gambut dari Kalimantan Selatan dengan menggunakan pelarut asam sulfat (H2SO4). Untuk mendapatkan Al2O3 dari tanah lempung gambut tersebut, tanah dikalsinasi dan diekstraksi. Proses pengaktifan Aluminium dari tanah dipengaruhi oleh ukuran butiran tanah, temperatur kalsinasi dan waktu kalsinasi. Untuk proses leaching dipengaruhi konsentrasi dan jumlah H2SO4 dalam kondisi mendidih.Kata kunci: asam sulfat, ekstraksi, kalsinasi, koagulan cair, tanah lempung gambut. ABSTRACTAluminum is the primary material contained in commonly used coagulant in the coagulation process. Aluminum is the third largest content of elements found in the earth's crust in the form of minerals, rocks and clay. Peat loam soil is one of the class that contains of aluminum salts and can be used as coagulant aids. In this research, further development by extracting aluminum contained in peat clay. In which the aluminum in the form of 18.78% Al2O3 on clay peat coagulant used as a substitute for the (PAC). The aim of this research was the production of liquid coagulant of clay peat in Indonesia. This liquid coagulant extracted from peat loam soil of South Kalimantan using sulfuric acid solvent (H2SO4) with a concentration of 40%. To obtain Al2O3 from the peat loam soil, the soil had to be calcinated and extracted. The aluminum activating processes of soil was influenced by soil particle size, temperature and duration of calcination. Meanwhile the leaching process was affected by the amount and concentration of H2SO4 in boiling conditions.Keywords: calcinations, extraction, liquid coagulant, sulfuric acid, the clay peat
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Edigarov, V. R. "Surface Friction-Electric Treatment of Aluminum Alloys." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 10 (727) (November 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2020-10-47-53.
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This paper examines a combined friction-electric treatment of surface layers of machine parts made of aluminums alloys. The temperature released during the friction process is the main technological factor of the treatment, and the heat released during the passage of electric current through the local volume of friction-thermal action is an additional heat source. The paper presents the results of studying a surface modification method involving friction-electric treatment of aluminium alloys with reinforcement by aluminium oxide particles under varied technological conditions: density of electric current, pressing force of the tool, shape of the tool working zone and speed of treatment. A hard alloy tool with high temperature resistance was used as a tool for friction-electric treatment. The tool was installed in a mandrel of a special design allowing supply of a modifier representing a mixture of aluminum oxide particles with a surfactant to the treatment zone. Using the friction-electric treatment of the surface layer of samples with reinforcement by aluminum oxide particles it was possible to increase the surface hardness by about 30–40 % and thickness of the hardened layer by 3–5 times due to the local deformation and passage of electric current through the treatment zone, and to improve wear resistance of the surface layer.
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Mounika, G. "Closed Loop Reactive Power Compensation on a Single-Phase Transmission Line." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 2156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35489.
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Zinc-aluminium alloys are alloys whose main ingredients stay zinc and aluminium. Other alloying elements clasp magnesium and copper .Zinc Aluminum Alloys over the past decayed are occupying attention of both researches and industries as a promising material for tribological applications. At this moment commercially available Zinc-Aluminium alloys and bearing bronzes due to good cost ability and unique combination of properties. They can also be deliberated as competing material for cast iron, plastics and even for steels. It has been shown that the addition of alloying elements including copper, silicon, magnesium, manganese and nickel can improve the mechanical and tribological properties of zinc aluminum alloys. This alloy has still found limited applications encompassing high stress conditions due to its lower creep resistance, compared to traditional aluminum alloys and other structural materials. This has resulted in major loss of market potential for those alloy otherwise it is excellent material. The aim of this paper is to measure the coefficient of friction and wear under different operating conditions for material with silicon content. Then wear equation will be found out for all the materials experimented under various conditions. In this paper there is discussion of the effect of Silicon on tribological properties of aluminium based Zinc alloy by experiment as well as Ansys software based and compares the same.
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Liu, He Ping, Feng Er Sun, Shao Lei Cheng, Lang Lang Liu, and Yi Bo Gao. "Microstructure Analysis and Preparation of Graphene Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites." Key Engineering Materials 814 (July 2019): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.814.102.
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Although many problems in aluminium matrix composites have been solved, there are still many difficulties and challenges that need to be solved. In this work, graphene reinforced aluminum matrix composites are prepared by hot isostatic pressing and vacuum sintering. The microstructures of composite powders and composites were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of different ball milling parameters on the microstructures of composite powders were analyzed. The particle size of graphene coated aluminium composite powder increases with the increase of ball-to-material ratio. With the increase of milling time, graphene was gradually dispersed and coated on the aluminium powder particles, and the aluminium powder particles could be completely coated. with the increase of the speed, the large particles are extruded, sheared and the particles become smaller. The internal micro-deformation characteristics of graphene reinforced aluminium matrix composites were analyzed in detail.
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Mamala, A., and W. Sciężor. "Evaluation of the Effect of Selected Alloying Elements on the Mechanical and Electrical Aluminium Properties." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0069.
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Abstract Modern industry expects aluminum products with new, unusual, and well-defined functional properties. Last years we are able to notice constant development of aluminium alloys. In food industry, power engineering, electrical engineering and building engineering, flat rolled products of 1XXX series aluminium alloys are used.8XXX series alloys registered in Aluminium Association during last 20 years may be used as an alternative. These alloys have very good thermal and electrical conductivity and perfect technological formability. Moreover, these materials are able to obtain by aluminium scrap recycling. Fundamental alloy additives of 8XXX series are Fe, Si, Mn, Mg, Cu and Zn. Aluminium alloying with these additives makes it possible to obtain materials with different mechanical ale electrical properties. In this paper, the analysis of alloy elements content (in 8XXX series) effect on chosen properties of material in as cast and after thermal treatment tempers has been presented.
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Abenojar, J., Asuncion Bautista, S. Guzmán, Francisco Velasco, and M. A. Martinez. "Study through Potentiodynamic Techniques of the Corrosion Resistance of Different Aluminium Base MMC´s with Boron Additions." Materials Science Forum 660-661 (October 2010): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.660-661.203.
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This paper compares wrought aluminium with PM aluminum and PM aluminium alloys with boron-base additions, containing boron carbide and Fe/B (obtained by mechanical alloying during 36 hours from a Fe-B 50% mixture by weight). The effect of sintering temperature for the Fe/B containing material and the effect of mechanical alloying for the boron carbide containing aluminium alloy on the corrosion resistance of those materials have been studied. Their behavior is followed through cyclic anodic polarization curves in chloride media. In the Al+20%Fe/B composite, low sintering temperatures (650-950°C) exert a negative effect. However, when the material was sintered at high temperature (1000-1100°C) its behaviour was very similar to the PM pure aluminium. The effect of mechanical alloying studied in aluminium with boron carbide was also important in corrosion resistance, finding a lower corrosion rate in the mechanically alloyed material.
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Setiawan, Adhi, Novi Eka Mayangsari, and Denny Dermawan. "Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Tembakau sebagai Inhibitor Korosi pada Logam Baja Karbon dan Aluminium." CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles 1, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/cheesa.v1i2.3432.
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<p class="E-JOURNALAbstractBody">Ekstrak daun tembakau dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai inhibitor korosi pada logam baja karbon dan aluminum di dalam larutan HCl. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak daun tembakau terhadap laju korosi serta efisiensi inhibisi korosi logam baja karbon dan aluminium di dalam media larutan HCl 0,1 M. Laju korosi logam baja karbon dan aluminium dianalisis menggunakan metode polarisasi linear. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak daun tembakau dapat menurunkan laju korosi pada logam baja karbon dan aluminium. Laju korosi minimum baja karbon dan aluminium terjadi pada konsentrasi inhibitor sebesar 700 mg/L yaitu masing-masing sebesar 0,940 mm/y dan 0,807 mm/y. Peningkatan konsentrasi inhibitor menyebabkan peningkatan efisiensi inhibisi korosi baja karbon dan aluminium. Hasil SEM menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi inhibitor menyebabkan proteksi korosi semakin tinggi sehingga tingkat degradasi permukaan logam akibat korosi semakin rendah.</p>
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Hao, Cheng Gang, De Zhi Li, and Jian Min Zeng. "Research on Porous Sprayer for Refining of Aluminium Melt." Advanced Materials Research 418-420 (December 2011): 1856–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.418-420.1856.
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The relationship among the transfer coefficient of hydrogen, the size and the moving velocity of bubbles has been obtained according to the transfer model of hydrogen in aluminum melt. The experiments were carried out to invetstigate the degassing efficiency of a porous sprayer immersed in the molten aluminum. The results indicate that refining of molten aluminum can be conducted with a porous sprayer that was immersed in the melt at one end and was connected with inert gas at another end through a pipe. The refining efficiency is affected by number of bubbles or size of bubbles and by floating speed of bubbles. The hydrogen concentration in aluminium melt decreases with the increasing of the spraying time. In the condition of 0.6 m3/h flowing rate and spraying time of 10 minutes, the removal rates of hydrogen and impurities are about 60 percent and 68 percent，respectively for A357 casting aluminium alloy.
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Joux, Sebastien. "Aluminium Bridges." Key Engineering Materials 710 (September 2016): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.710.378.
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Until recently a lack of knowledge and understanding of the structural advantages of aluminium has limited the use of the material in building and construction. Today, advances in engineering and standardization have improved our knowledge of this versatile material and it is becoming more widely accepted in many industries.This paper contains examples of structural applications where aluminum has been selected for bridge construction in Europe: The first project was launched and supported by the E.U. and forms part of the European Cycle Route Network development. The second bridge structure is part of the tourist development program launched by the city of Vitre in France
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Zhu, Sheng, Guo Feng Han, Xiao Ming Wang, Yu Xiang Liu, and Zhi Qian Wang. "Electrochemical Characteristics of TiAl Coating on Aluminum Alloy Surface by Supersonic Particles Deposition." Advanced Materials Research 1051 (October 2014): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.199.
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In this study, Ti-45Al-7Nb-4V alloy protective coating which base on γ-TiAl phase was deposited on the surface of 5803 aluminum alloy by supersonic particles deposition technology. Researchers observed the micro-structure of the TiAl alloy casting and coating by SEM, and researched the electrochemical characteristics and the galvanic corrosion between TA2 titanium alloy and 5083 aluminum alloy or TiAl alloy casting and coating by electrochemical work station. The results show that,the galvanic corrosion current between 5083 aluminium alloy and TA2 titanium alloy declines from 16.2μA to 0.27μA after TiAl protecting coatings are prepared on the substrates, besides, the corrosion susceptibility drops from E degree to A degree. It also manifests that the 5083 aluminium alloy with Ti-45Al-7Nb-4V coatings can be contacted and utilized with TA2 titanium alloy directly, which tackles the issues of gavanic corrosion prevention between aluminium alloys and titanium alloys.
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Karengke, Mathius, Triyono Triyono, and Agus Supriyanto. "PENGARUH CU TERHADAP REAKSI ANTARMUKA BAJA DAN ALUMINIUM DENGAN PERLAKUAN DIFUSI." ROTASI 16, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/rotasi.16.3.1-9.
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Nowadays, developing vehicle is made as light as posible with the purpose to reduce energy consumption. For this reason, material that can be used is aluminium that has light weight and non corrosion properties. Aluminum structure will be not strong enough, it still need another material like steel to make it stronger and stiffer. Joining aluminum to steel has problems because of very low solubility, thus it requires other material as its medium in which it accelerates promoter solubility aluminum to steel. In this study, mixture of Fe and Cu powder was used as promoter material or filler in the process of diffusion welding of aluminium and steel.. The good results diffusion between the steel with aluminum filler hence the need for variation of Fe and Cu. Aluminum and steel welding process with adapting diffusion treatment will produces intermetallic layer. Intermetallic layer was formed from the fussion among two different material, and it made new compound. This research showed some different solubility level of aluminum in steel in every variation of filler composition. The highest solubility ratio of aluminum in steel was 0.4 which reached in the specimens with filler composition of 40% Fe,60% Cu and 60% Fe,40% Cu.
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Fan, Yang Yang, and Makhlouf M. Makhlouf. "Castable Aluminium Alloys for High Temperature Applications." Materials Science Forum 765 (July 2013): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.765.8.
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Most traditional aluminium casting alloys are based on the aluminium-silicon eutectic system because of its excellent casting characteristics. However, the solidus in this system does not exceed 577 °C and the major alloying elements used with silicon in these alloys have high diffusivity in aluminium. Therefore, while these elements enhance the room temperature strength of the alloy, they are not useful at elevated temperatures. Considering nickel-base superalloys, whose mechanical properties are retained up to temperatures that approach 75% of their melting point, it is conceivable that castable aluminium alloys can be developed on the same basis so that they are useful at temperatures approaching 300 °C. In this publication, we present the thought process behind developing a new castable aluminum alloy that is designed specifically for such high temperature applications and we present the alloy’s measured castability characteristics and its elevated temperature tensile properties.
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Hou, Qinghua, Raj Mutharasan, and Michael Koczak. "Feasibility of aluminium nitride formation in aluminum alloys." Materials Science and Engineering: A 195 (June 1995): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(94)06511-x.
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Petre, Marin, Cristian Dinu, Nicuşor Constantin Drăghici, and Valeriu Andrei. "Prediction of the residual stress after quenching of 6061 aluminium alloy plates by using mathematical modelling." ITM Web of Conferences 34 (2020): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20203402007.
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The purpose of this article is to better understand the behavior of the residual stresses in aluminium alloy plates by using mathematical modelling. Quenching of aluminium alloy plates causes an uneven temperature variation in aluminum alloy plates, and elastic and elasto-plastic deformations occur inside the material. The latter causing the formation of deformations and residual stresses. The non-linear thermo-mechanical direct coupled analysis of the quenching process for a 6061 aluminium alloy plate was achieved by using ANSYS finite element software. The residual stresses due to solid thermal effects were determined by calculation of the Third principal stresses, the most negative or compressive. The developed mathematical model offers a support in the understanding the behavior of the residual stresses in aluminium alloy plates and a better control of them.
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Nadeem, Mir, Vishal Phogat, Mir Waseem, and Tabinda Ayub Shah. "Aluminium phosphide induced pancreatitis." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 8 (July 25, 2019): 3180. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20193414.
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Aluminium Phosphide (AlP) is a commonly used agricultural pesticide. It is cheap, effective, and easily available. Aluminium Phosphide is used as a rodenticide, insecticide, and fumigant to preserve stored cereal grains, also known as "Wheat pills". In Iran, it is known as the rice tablet. There, have been frequent incidents of accidental or intentional deaths. There have been only a few case reports on aluminum phosphide-induced pancreatitis in the literature available. In this report, we present the case of a young man who developed acute pancreatitis following ingestion of aluminum phosphide pellet in the absence of the usual risk factors and after exclusion of other possible causes of pancreatitis. 35-year-old male came to the ER of SGT Hospital, Gurugram, one hour after ingestion of a single 3 g tablet of Aluminium Phosphide (Celphos) at home, with a suicidal intent. He had three episodes of Vomiting on the way to the hospital. On Day 1 of admission, USG abdomen showed heterogeneity of head and the body of pancreas with minimal peri-pancreatic fluid, suggestive of Pancreatitis. Serum Amylase and lipase levels were raised throughout the hospital course. CT images were suggestive of pancreatitis. The signs and symptoms of Acute AlP Poisoning are non-specific, dose dependent and evolve with time. After ingestion, toxic features usually develop within a few minutes. The major lethal consequence of AlP ingestion is profound circulatory collapse, secondary to direct effects of toxins on cardiomyocytes, fluid loss, and adrenal gland damage. Our patient was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis in first 24hours of admission with high suspicion of pancreatitis and managed well with iv fluids and supportive treatment and was discharged after 3 weeks of in hospital stay.
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Afdillah, Wahyu, Ismail Sulaiman, and Martunis Martunis. "Pengaruh Kemasan Aluminium Foil dan Botol Kaca terhadap Umur Simpan Abon Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) dengan Pendekatan Metode Arrhenius." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 3, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v3i3.8132.
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Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemasan aluminium foil dan botol kaca terhadap umur simpan abon ikan tongkol. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Arrhenius dimana faktor pertamanya yaitu jenis kemasan (K) yang terdiri dari dua taraf yaitu aluminium foil dan botol kaca. Faktor kedua yaitu suhu (S) dengan 3 taraf yaitu 30oC, 40oC dan 50oC. Faktor ketiga yaitu lama penyimpanan dengan 5 taraf yaitu 0 hari, 7 hari, 14 hari, 21 hari dan 28 hari. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 2 kali ulangan sehingga diperoleh 60 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada ordo nol, abon yang dikemas aluminium foil pada suhu 30oC, 40oC dan 50oC berturut-turut menghasilkan umur simpan selama 61 hari, 41 hari dan 28 hari, sedangkan abon yang dikemas botol kaca pada suhu 30oC, 40oC dan 50oC berturut-turut menghasilkan umur simpan selama 72 hari, 42 hari dan 26 hari. Pada ordo satu, abon yang dikemas aluminium foil pada suhu 30oC, 40oC dan 50oC berturut-turut menghasilkan umur simpan selama 116 hari, 85 hari dan 63 hari, sedangkan abon yang dikemas botol kaca pada suhu 30oC, 40oC dan 50oC berturut-turut menghasilkan umur simpan selama 194 hari, 123 hari dan 80 hari. Persamaan order aluminium foil yang dikemas nol adalah y = -3702,6x + 6,924 dan dikemas dengan botol kaca adalah y = - 5077,9x +10,9191. Sedangkan persamaan urutan satu dikemas dengan aluminium foil adalah y = -2823.5x + 4.9702 dan dikemas dengan botol kaca adalah y = - 4312.3x + 9.4082. Abstract. This study aimed to determine the effect of aluminum foil and glass bottle on the shelf life of tuna fish floss meat. This research used Arrhenius method where the first factor was packaging type (K) consisting of aluminum foil and glass bottle. The second factor was temperature (S) with 3 levels which were at 30oC, 40oC and 50oC. The third factor was the storage period with 5 levels which were 0 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days. Each treatment was repeated twice so the total was 60 units. The results showed that in the ordo zero, the shelf lifes of floss meat packed with aluminum foil at temperature 30oC, 40oC and 50oC were 61 days, 41 days and 28 days respectively, whereas the glass bottle obtained 72 days, 42 days and 26 days respectively. In the ordo one of floss meat packed with aluminum foil at 30oC, 40oC and 50oC respectively obtain shelf life for 116 days, 85 days and 63 days, whereas floss meat packed with glass bottles obtain shelf life 194 days, 123 days and 80 days. The equation of ordo zero packed aluminium foil is y = -3702.6x + 6.924 and packed with glass bottle is y= - 5077.9x +10.9191. Whereas equation of ordo one packed with aluminium foil is y = -2823.5x + 4.9702 and packed with glass bottle is y= - 4312.3x+9.4082.
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Apetrei, Lăcrămioara, Vasile Rață, Ruxandra Rață, and Elena Raluca Bulai. "Experimental Investigations on Aluminium Ultrasonic Welding Parameters." Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (October 2014): 306–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.306.
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Research evolution timely tendencies, in the nonconventional technologies field, are: manufacture conditions optimization and complex equipments design. The increasing of ultrasonic machining use, in various technologies is due to the expanding need of a wide range materials and high quality manufacture standards in many activity fields. This paper present a experimental study made in order to analyze the welded zone material structure and welding quality. The effects of aluminium ultrasonic welding parameters such as relative energy, machining time, amplitude and working force were compared through traction tests values and microstructural analysis. Microhardness tests were, also, made in five different points, two in the base material and three in the welded zone, on each welded aluminium sample. The aluminum welding experiments were made at the National Research and Development Institute for Welding and Material Testing (ISIM) Timişoara. The ultrasonic welding temperature is lower than the aluminium melting temperature, that's so our experiments reveal that the aluminium ultrasonic welding process doesn't determine the appearance of moulding structure. In the joint we have only crystalline grains deformation, phase transformation and aluminium diffusion.
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Zhao, Zeqiong, Emma J. Willard, Hui Li, Zongkai Wu, Ricardo H. R. Castro, and Frank E. Osterloh. "Aluminum enhances photochemical charge separation in strontium titanate nanocrystal photocatalysts for overall water splitting." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 33 (2018): 16170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta05885g.
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Hung, Dao Quoc, Dũng Trần Thanh, Thắng Đinh Văn, Duy Huỳnh Nhật, and Lập Thượng Công. "Fabrication technology for aluminium-alloy tanks carrying petroleum and chemical substances in Viet Nam." Science & Technology Development Journal - Engineering and Technology 3, SI2 (April 15, 2021): first. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjet.v3isi2.568.
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Compared to steels, aluminium-alloys are comparably strong but 3 times lighter, inoxidable and unfavorable to producing mechanical sparks. Aluminium alloys are therefore attractive materials and have been widely applied to transportation industry in developed countries since 1950s. An alunimium-alloy tank has upto 20% more useful volume than a steel tank for the same total weight. Interior and exterior protective coatings are unnecessary, significantly saving annual maintenance costs and preventing any contamination from abrasion of interior protective coatings. In additional, an aluminim-alloy tank does not ignite a fire in traffic accident. In G7 regions as well as many developed countries in Europe and Asia, only tanks made from aluminim alloys are approved for carrying danger liquids such as petroleum and chemical substances. In Vietnam, International Machine And Equipment (IMAE) Company is considered as a pioneer in designing and manufacturing aluminium alloy-tanks satisfying American DOT 406 Standard for tank trucks and semi-trailers. With optimized designing and manufacturing processes in conjunction with quality control system and continuous improvement, product quality is strictly maintained, quickly providing benefits to customers. Using an aluminium-alloy tank for carrying petroleum for 25 years, a complete payback can be achieved after only 7 months although initial investment is considerablely high.
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Chen, Ting Yi, Wen Lu, Wei Liu, Ya Dian Xie, and Ye Qi Fu. "Preparation of Purity Al2O3 for LED Sapphire Materials by Ammonium Aluminum Sulfate and its Performance." Advanced Materials Research 1053 (October 2014): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1053.50.
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The preparation of aluminium sulfate adopting the sulfuric acid heating method with Al (OH)3 as raw material, and join the β complexing agent in aluminium sulfate solution to remove impurities; ammonium aluminum sulfat is prepared by the reaction of the ammonium solution and aluminum sulfate, and purify ammonium aluminum sulfate to get high purity ammonium aluminum sulfate crystals containing crystal water. Purify the crystallization of ammonium aluminum sulfate with containing water treated at 1250 °C for 3 h. Then the high purity alumina was prepared. Break the high purity alumina to press, and then again process in 3 h under 1650 °C, get Al203 which is craw materials of sapphire crystal LED. The samples were characterized by atomic absorption spectrum (AAS), differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), scanning electron microscopy, XRD and chemical analysis. The purity of high purity alumina is 99.991%, which will be applied to the LED manufacturers on sapphire artificial sapphire growth test.
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Gourier-Fréry, C., and N. Fréry. "Aluminium." EMC - Pathologie professionnelle et de l 'environnement 1, no. 1 (January 2006): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1155-1925(04)39081-6.
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Gourier-Fréry, C., and N. Fréry. "Aluminium." EMC - Toxicologie-Pathologie 1, no. 3 (July 2004): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emctp.2004.04.002.
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Firdaus, Kholid, Kadek Rihendra Dantes, and I. Nyoman Pasek Nugraha. "Analisis Perbandingan Tegangan Statik Material Galvanized Steel Dengan Material Aluminium Alloys 7076-T6 (Sn) Pada Frame Ganesha Scooter Underwater (GSU) Menggunakan Software Solidworks." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Undiksha 8, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jptm.v8i1.27302.
Full textAbstract:
Dalam penenlitian ini dilakukan analisis tegangan statik pada rancangan Frame Ganesha Scooter Underwater dengan perbandingan material galvanized steel dan aluminuium alloys 7076-T6 menggunakan software Solidworks dengan tanpa beban pengendara dan pembebanan dari pengendara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tegangan statik terbesar pada Frame Ganesha Scooter Underwater menggunakan material galvanized steel dan aluminium alloys 7076-T6 dengan beban 80 Kg dan tanpa beban.Dari hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan pada frame dengan material galvanized steel dan aluminium alloys 7076-T6 (SN) tanpa beban pengendara maupun dengan beban pengendara mengalami penurunan setelah dilakukan penggantian material aluminium alloys 7076-T6 (SN) yaitu sebesar 8,4% dan juga tegangan maksimum pada frame dengan material galvanized steel dengan beban pengendara mengalami penurunan setelah dilakukan penggantian material aluminium alloys 7076-T6 (SN) yaitu sebesar 8,4%. Kemudian hasil faktor keamanan (factor of safety) pada frame material galvanized steel tanpa beban pengendara mengalami peningkatan setelah dilakukan penggantian material aluminium alloys 7076-T6 (SN) yaitu sebesar 63%. Dan juga faktor keamanan (factor of safety) pada frame standar material galvanized steel dengan beban pengendara mengalami peningkatan setelah dilakukan penggantian material aluminium alloys 7076-T6 (SN) yaitu sebesar 63,02%, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pergantian material galvenized steel dengan aluminium alloys 7076-T6 lebih baik dan lebih kuat untuk digunakan.Kata Kunci:Aluminium Alloys, Frame, Galvanized Steel,Tegangan Von Mises