Journal articles: 'Aluminium Graphite/Graphene Composite'

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Liu, He Ping, Feng Er Sun, Shao Lei Cheng, Lang Lang Liu, and Yi Bo Gao. "Microstructure Analysis and Preparation of Graphene Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites." Key Engineering Materials 814 (July 2019): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.814.102.

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Although many problems in aluminium matrix composites have been solved, there are still many difficulties and challenges that need to be solved. In this work, graphene reinforced aluminum matrix composites are prepared by hot isostatic pressing and vacuum sintering. The microstructures of composite powders and composites were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of different ball milling parameters on the microstructures of composite powders were analyzed. The particle size of graphene coated aluminium composite powder increases with the increase of ball-to-material ratio. With the increase of milling time, graphene was gradually dispersed and coated on the aluminium powder particles, and the aluminium powder particles could be completely coated. with the increase of the speed, the large particles are extruded, sheared and the particles become smaller. The internal micro-deformation characteristics of graphene reinforced aluminium matrix composites were analyzed in detail.

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Seretis, Georgios V., Georgios Kouzilos, Aikaterini K. Polyzou, Dimitrios E. Manolakos, and Christopher G. Provatidis. "Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets Fillers on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Cast Aluminum Matrix Composites." Nano Hybrids and Composites 15 (May 2017): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.15.26.

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Recently, many studies on the production of graphite/graphene reinforced aluminum-matrix composites using different fabrication methods, such as powder or semi-powder method, have been performed. However, cast aluminum/graphite or aluminum/graphene composites have not been widely investigated and the research on this production method mainly focuses on 3D graphite particle reinforcements. In this study, the use of a 2D graphene structure, i.e. graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), in the production of cast Al/GNP composites is investigated. Graphene nanoplatelets reinforced cast aluminum matrix composites were produced using aluminum alloy as matrix material and different graphene nanoplatelets contents. Specimens were cast into a heated rectangular steel mold, the temperature of which was 100°C. All specimens underwent tensile and bending tests as well as hardness measurements and microstructural investigation. Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) was considerably increased, simultaneously with a slight decrease of elongation at break, in the case of 0.1 wt% graphene nanoplatelets addition. Regarding bending performance, a slight increase was observed as well. The flexural behavior for 0.1 wt% graphene nanoplatelets addition was exactly the same with the matrix material. The graphene nanoplatelets content found to affect both the surface and the chemical composition of the interdendritic region. After 0.1 wt%, further increase of the wt% graphene nanoplatelets content lead to formation of aluminum carbides (Al4C3) at the grain boundaries, with a consequent drop on the mechanical performance of the Al/GNPs composite.

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Yan, Yufu, Jiamin Zhao, Long Chen, Hongjian Zhao, Olga Klimova-Korsmik, Oleg V. Tolochko, Fuxing Yin, Puguang Ji, and Shaoming Kang. "Effect of Strain Rate on Compressive Properties of Aluminium-Graphene Composites." Metals 13, no. 3 (March 20, 2023): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13030618.

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Graphene-reinforced aluminium composites have been widely studied due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, only a few studies have reported their dynamic compression properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quasi-static and dynamic compression properties of graphene-reinforced aluminium composites. The addition of graphene improved the compressive stress resistance and energy absorption capacity of the aluminium matrix. An aluminium-0.5 wt.% graphene composite exhibited good compressive properties due to the different interfacial wave impedance generated by the additional grain boundaries or Aluminium-Graphene interfaces.

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Zhang, Jiang Shan, Zhi Xin Chen, Jing Wei Zhao, and Zheng Yi Jiang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced with SiC-Graphene Core-Shell Nanoparticles." Materials Science Forum 923 (May 2018): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.923.8.

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Graphene has been proved to be an excellent enhancer in metal matrix composites. Core-shell structured SiC nanoparticles and graphene nanosheets (GNSs) were fabricated and incorporated into aluminum matrix using ball milling in the current study. Graphite powder was exfoliated into thin GNSs, which are flexible to wrap SiC nanoparticles. The ductile aluminum particles were firstly flattened and then repeatedly welded and fractured into equalized particles during the ball milling of Al alloy-SiC-GNSs composite powder, which were observed using scanning electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction. SiC-GNSs were embedded and dispersed into the aluminum matrix during the milling process.

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Palampalle, Bhanu Prakash, D. Ravikanth, D. Merwin Rajesh, B. Devika, and D. Babu. "An MOORA and WASPAS Methods Application for Optimal Material Selection from Aluminum Graphene Nano Platelets Composites." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 19187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.19187ecst.

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Improved features include a high strength-to-weight ratio and good wear resistance, and so on, aluminium MMCs are favoured over other traditional materials in aerospace, automotive, and marine applications. Mechanical, electrical, electronic, and thermal properties of graphene make it an excellent metal composite reinforcement material. Stir casting, powder metallurgy, and other techniques were used to strengthen pure aluminium Graphene nano-platelets in a base matrix (pure Al) with various weight percentages to form aluminium metal matrix composites. The mechanical properties of the aluminium matrix are greatly improved by the uniform distribution of Graphene Nano platelets .

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M.R, Srinivasa, Y. S Rammohan, and Zahid Irfan. "Fretting Analysis of Aluminium 6061 Reinforced With Graphene." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.16181.

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The application of Aluminium alloys becomes significant and most wide in the field of aviation industry. Aluminium 6061, because of its pro mechanical characteristics. Graphene is one of the allotropic forms of Carbon which is abundantly available in nature. The high tensile strength and low density of graphene is the added advantage as it is used as a reinforced material with Aluminium 6061. Graphene was found to be a more suitable reinforcing material that improves tribological properties of metal. Composite materials are mixtures of various parent materials resulting in the formation of materials having a mix of varied desired properties like low weight, larger stiffness, higher specific strength etc. The composite materials so obtained invariably have superior properties to their parental ones. So these materials become a really enticing notice for higher strengthened material for industrial sector. This paper primarily focuses on distinctive effects of utilizing Graphene as reinforcement for Al-6061in the view of tribological characteristics. Graphene has outstanding mechanical and physical properties, creating it a perfect reinforcement material for lightweight weight and high strength metal matrix composites (MMC) like Al-6061. Fabrication, being a important step, because it controls the microstructure, that successively determines the properties of the material, was conducted by stir casting. Stir casting additionally helped within the dispersion of Graphene uniformly within the metal matrix composite. To analyze the effect of tribological parameters damage resistance of the metal matrix composite, linear reciprocating tribometer was used.

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Bolaños-Bernal, Sergio Esteban, and Irma Angarita-Moncaleano. "Graphene reinforced aluminum matrix composite obtaining by powder metallurgy." ITECKNE 16, no. 2 (December 16, 2019): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v16i2.2353.

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Several researchers have reported graphene as an ideal reinforcement for composite materials due to its interesting properties [1]. The graphene-reinforced aluminium matrix composite material was obtaining by powder metallurgy. This study investigated the effect of aluminum powder morphology on compaction capacity and mechanical strength of composite material. Different milling times were used to determine the optimal time required in manufacturing. The proper compaction load was determined change its values and analyzing the effect of the different loads on the characteristics of the composite. Sintering parameters were established according to previous studies employed by other researchers. Finally, it is determined that with 0.5% wt graphene presents phenomena of grain refinement and higher electrical conductivity of the compound with respect to powder metallurgical aluminum.

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Jayaseelan, Joel, Ashwath Pazhani, Anthony Xavior Michael, Jeyapandiarajan Paulchamy, Andre Batako, and Prashantha Kumar Hosamane Guruswamy. "Characterization Studies on Graphene-Aluminium Nano Composites for Aerospace Launch Vehicle External Fuel Tank Structural Application." Materials 15, no. 17 (August 26, 2022): 5907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15175907.

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From the aspect of exploring the alternative lightweight composite material for the aerospace launch vehicle external fuel tank structural components, the current research work studies three different grades of Aluminium alloy reinforced with varying graphene weight percentages that are processed through powder metallurgy (P/M) route. The prepared green compacts composite ingots are subjected to microwave processing (Sintering), hot extruded, and solution treated (T6). The developed Nano-graphene reinforced composite is studied further for the strength–microstructural integrity. The nature of the graphene reinforcement and its chemical existence within the composite is further studied, and it is found that hot extruded solution treated (HEST) composite exhibited low levels of carbide (Al4C3) formations, as composites processed by microwaves. Further, the samples of different grades reinforced with varying graphene percentages are subjected to mechanical characterisation tests such as the tensile test and hardness. It is found that 2 wt% graphene reinforced composites exhibited enhanced yield strength and ultimate tensile strength. Microstructural studies and fracture morphology are studied, and it is proven that composite processed via the microwave method has exhibited good ductile behaviour and promising failure mechanisms at higher load levels.

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Adediran, Adeolu Adesoji, Francis Odikpo Edoziuno, Olanrewaju Seun Adesina, Kehinde Oluseun Sodeinde, Abiodun Babafemi Ogunkola, Goodness Adeola Oyinloye, Cynthia Chinasa Nwaeju, and Esther Titilayo Akinlabi. "Mechanical Characterization and Numerical Optimization of Aluminum Matrix Hybrid Composite." Materials Science Forum 1065 (June 30, 2022): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-m21wne.

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Hybridization of aluminium matrix composite is with a view to offset the properties deficient in one composite reinforcement. The present investigation involves a comparative study of AA6063 matrix composites with single reinforcement of Al2O3, SiC, graphene respectively and various hybridized proportions of the same reinforcements. Physical (density and %porosity) and mechanical (tensile strength, fracture toughness, %elongation, elastic modulus, etc.) properties of composites developed via solidification processing technique were evaluated. The porosity of all the composites falls below the maximum acceptable limit for cast metal matrix composite. Maximum values for UTS, %elongation and absorbed energy at maximum stress was obtained by hybrid composite with 4wt% Al2O3, SiC and 2wt% graphene, while the composite with the highest single reinforcement of graphene have the highest value for elastic modulus and fracture toughness. Numerical optimization results show that a matrix and hybrid reinforcements contents of AA6063 (91.413wt.%), SiC (3.679wt.%), Al2O3 (0.277wt.%), and graphene (4.632wt.%) respectively, will result in optimal values for the evaluated properties.

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Nassef, Belal G., Mohamed A. Daha, and Mohamed G. Nassef. "Hybrid Reinforced Aluminium Composites Using Reduced Graphene Oxide Fabricated via Powder Metallurgy Technique." Materials Science Forum 1059 (April 25, 2022): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ydo661.

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Recently, carbonaceous materials, such as graphene, have proven to be promising additives that show considerable improvements in mechanical and tribological properties of aluminium-based composites. In this present investigation, novel aluminium based hybrid composite specimens of various RGO and Al2O3 contents are prepared using powder metallurgy technique. The composite specimens have been tested in wear and microhardness. The results show that the hybrid composite containing 0.3 wt.% RGO-5 wt.% Al2O3 experiences the highest wear resistance with a hardness of about 76 HV among the tested composite specimens. The improvement in properties in the optimized hybrid composite was found to be much higher when compared to hybrid Aluminium Composites in literature fabricated using other techniques.

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Gouda, Krushna, Sumit Bhowmik, and Biplab Das. "A review on allotropes of carbon and natural filler-reinforced thermomechanical properties of upgraded epoxy hybrid composite." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 60, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 237–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2021-0024.

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Abstract The scarcity of nonrenewable resource motivated inclination towards the environmental-friendly novel materials and development of waste natural filler-based hybrid composite is encouraged to fulfill the material demand. Epoxy resins-based composites are high-performing thermosetting polymers and have outstanding blending properties, good machinability, and low cost. Due to these advantages, thermoset plastic is largely used in a broad range of engineering applications; however, thermomechanical properties of neat epoxy are low. Thus, to enhance the thermomechanical properties of epoxy, it is interfaced materials such as graphite, graphene nanoplatelet, boron, carbon fiber, aluminium, silver, etc. Among various substances, graphene has been deliberated as an acceptable novel filler because of its exceptional properties. In addition to inorganic filler inclusion, natural filler/fiber like hemp, sisal, flax, bamboo, jute, etc. can be utilized in a higher percentage as biodegradable material. The present article assisted to improve thermomechanical properties of neat epoxy. This work identifies and addresses (i) processes used for graphene modification; (ii) treatment utilized for enhancing the binding properties of natural filler; (iii) various natural filler extraction process employed; (iv) neat epoxy modification; and (v) influence of different dimensions of fillers.

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Naik, Manjunath, L. H. Manjunath, Vishwanath Koti, Avinash Lakshmikanthan, Praveennath Koppad, and Sampath Kumaran. "Al/Graphene/CNT hybrid composites: Hardness and sliding wear studies." FME Transactions 49, no. 2 (2021): 414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fme2102414n.

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Graphene and carbon nanotubes are two carbon based materials known for their unique wear and friction properties. It would be quite interesting to understand the wear behavior of aluminium hybrid composites when these two nanosize reinforcements are incorporated into it. The hybrid composites with varying weight fractions of graphene (1, 2, 3 and 5 wt.%) and fixed CNT content of 2 wt.% were produced using powder metallurgy technique. The effect of varying graphene content on hardness and sliding wear of hybrid composites was studied. The wear tests were done as per ASTM G-99 standard with fixed sliding velocity (2 m/s) and sliding distance (1200 m) but varying applied load (10 - 30 N). Worn surface analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscope to arrive at wear mechanisms responsible for wear of aluminium and its hybrid composites. Increase in graphene content led to increase in bulk hardness with highest value of 61 RHN for hybrid composite with 3 wt.% graphene content. The wear rate of hybrid composites was found to be decreasing with enhancement in graphene content. Lower wear rate in hybrid composites was due to the formation of lubricating layer on the worn surface.

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Hamritha, S., M. Shilpa, M. R. Shivakumar, G. Madhoo, Y. P. Harshini, and Harshith. "Study of Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced with Alumina." Materials Science Forum 1019 (January 2021): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1019.44.

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Aluminium alloy has gained importance in the automotive and aerospace industry as it is easily available and easy in manufacturing. In the recent years, materials science has gained huge importance in the field of composites. In the field of composites metal matrix composite is playing a lead role in industrial applications. The unique combinations of properties provided by aluminum and its alloys make aluminum one of the most versatile, economical and attractive metallic materials. To enhance the properties of aluminum, it has been reinforced with alumina, silicon carbide, graphene and others. In this study, A357 aluminum has been strengthened by using different weight percent of alumina as reinforcement. Percentage of alumina used are 4%, 8% and 12% to enhance the mechanical and tribological property of A357.The fabricated samples were studied to understand the performance of the composite for mechanical and tribological characters. It was observed that the composites showed superior properties compared to the base material. Statistical analysis i.e. regression analysis has been carried out for hardness and tensile strength of alumina reinforced aluminum composite.

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Omrani, Emad, Afsaneh Dorri Moghadam, Ashish K. Kasar, Pradeep Rohatgi, and Pradeep L. Menezes. "Tribological Performance of Graphite Nanoplatelets Reinforced Al and Al/Al2O3 Self-Lubricating Composites." Materials 14, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051183.

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In the present work, the effect of graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) on tribological properties of the aluminum (Al), and Al/alumina (Al2O3) composite are studied. GNPs are multilayer graphene sheets which were used as a solid lubricant material. Two sets of composites, Al/GNPs and Al/GNPs/Al2O3 with varying amounts of reinforcements, were synthesized by powder metallurgy that involves cold compaction followed by hot compaction. The hardness of the composites increased with the addition of GNPs and Al2O3. The Al/GNPs composite with 1 wt.% of GNPs (Al/1GNPs) showed a 20% increase in hardness whereas Al/GNPs/ Al2O3 composite with 1 wt.% GNPs and 2 wt.% Al2O3 (Al/1GNPs/2Al2O3) showed 27% increases in hardness compared to the pure Al. The coefficient of friction measured at 20 N was observed to be 22% and 53% lesser for Al/1GNPs and Al/1GNPs/2Al2O3, respectively, compared to corresponding alloys without graphene Al. The X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the presence of GNPs at the worn surface after the tribology tests. The wear rate was also reduced significantly. In comparison with pure Al, the Al/1GNPs and Al/1GNPs/2Al2O3 composites resulted in 5- and 20-times lesser wear rate, respectively. The addition of Al2O3 caused reduction in wear rate due to higher hardness and load carrying ability, whereas composites with more than 1 wt.% GNPs showed higher wear rate due to lower hardness and higher porosity. The Al/1GNPs/2Al2O3 composite exhibited the least coefficient of friction (0.2–0.25) and wear rate (1 × 10−6–4 × 10−6 mm3/N.m) compared to other GNPs and Al2O3 reinforced Al composites. The worn surfaces were further analyzed to understand the wear mechanism by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction to detect the Al4C3 phase formation, chemical bonding, and defect formation in graphene.

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Md Ali, Afifah, Mohd Zaidi Omar, Hanizam Hashim, Mohd Shukor Salleh, and Intan Fadhlina Mohamed. "Recent development in graphene-reinforced aluminium matrix composite: A review." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 60, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 801–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2021-0062.

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Abstract Considerable attention has been given to graphene as a reinforcement material for metal matrix composite (MMC) because of its great potential for use in the automotive and aerospace industry. In general, the difficulty in achieving optimally improved properties can be attributed to poor wettability, agglomerations, and non-uniform distribution of reinforcement in the MMCs. Therefore, in terms of structural integrity, interfacial bonding, and its strengthening mechanism are important to achieve a high performance composite, which makes it imperative to discuss the integration of graphene into the alloy. The reinforcement mechanism of graphene-reinforced aluminium alloy has been evaluated in a limited number of studies, and this article examines current publications in this area. This article outlines three key topics related to the key challenges of graphene as a reinforcement material, the strengthening mechanism of graphene in a metal matrix, and the factors limiting the properties enhancement. Lastly, future works and recommendations addressed are summarized. The review presented aims to benefit to a wide range of industries and researchers and serve as a resource for future scholars.

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Umar, MD, R. Muraliraja, V. S. Shaisundaram, and Shiferaw Garoma Wayessa. "Influence of Future Material Nano-ZrO2 and Graphene on the Mechanical Properties of Al Composites." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (September 22, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1454037.

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Recent developments in mechanical applications have led to the development of metal matrix composites, which represent the future of composite structures. Al7010 aluminium alloy matrix with nano-ZrO2 and graphene particle reinforced composite is created in this experiment. By adopting the stir casting procedure in two different casting, 2 percent reinforcement of zirconium dioxide and 1 percent of graphene is included in the composite materials. The composite’s metallurgical and mechanical characteristics are studied. The SEM image demonstrates uniform dispersion of the particles in the alloy matrix. The manufactured material’s ability to gather particulate matter is clearly found in SEM and EDS. The addition of zirconia particles works together to prevent the alloy matrix from dislocating, which increases the base material’s hardness as well as its tensile resistance. Similar results are also found in graphene-casting material. Results from tensile tests reveal that adding nano-zirconium dioxide particle (ZrO2) and graphene boosts the material’s tensile and hardness strength. In terms of the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), the Al7010/2% ZrO2 composite had a 6% increase and Al7010/1% graphene had a 5.5% increase above the Al7010 alloy. Compared to Al7010 alloy, the microhardness of Al7010/ZrO2 is 17.64% greater and Al7010/1% graphene is 14% greater.

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Prasanthi, P. Phani, K. Sivaji Babu, M. S. R. Niranjan Kumar, and A. Eswar Kumar. "Comparison of elastic properties of different shaped particle reinforced composites using micromechanics and finite element method." International Journal of Computational Materials Science and Engineering 09, no. 02 (June 2020): 2050011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2047684120500116.

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In this work, differently shaped carbon nano-sized allotropes reinforced composite properties are estimated and interfacial stresses are calculated and compared to get the best carbon reinforcement. Carbon nanopowder, carbon nanotubes, nanographene and Buckminster fullerenes are selected as these materials have different shapes and reinforcement of these materials in the aluminium matrix will give different properties. The comparative studies are performed by using the Micromechanics and Finite element method. The longitudinal, transverse modulus, Poisson’s ratio are estimated along with the interface stresses between the constituents of carbon power/Al matrix composite, fullerene/Al matrix composite, CNT/Al matrix composite and graphene/Al matrix composite. From this work, it is found that the longitudinal modulus of the composite will be higher by using CNT or Graphene reinforcement and carbon particle or Buckminster fullerene reinforcement will give high transverse modulus than CNT and graphene reinforcement. The interfacial stresses generated between the reinforcement and the Aluminum matrix will be less by using carbon nanopowder than the other allotropes consider for the studies. This work will give an idea of the selection of nanoreinforcement of composite material in the perspective of elastic properties and interfacial stresses.

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Anis, Arfat, Ahmed Yagoub Elnour, Abdullah Alhamidi, Mohammad Asif Alam, Saeed M. Al-Zahrani, Fayez AlFayez, and Zahir Bashir. "Amorphous Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Composites with High-Aspect Ratio Aluminium Nano Platelets." Polymers 14, no. 3 (February 7, 2022): 630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14030630.

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Previously, we reported that amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filled with irregular nodular aluminium (Al) particles gave simultaneous increases in tensile modulus, tensile strength, and impact resistance, which is unusual for materials. Here, we investigated the effect of the particle shape and size by using nano-platelet Al. The Al nano-platelets had a thickness higher than graphenes and clays, but lower than mica and talc, and due to their large widths, they had high aspect ratios. Due to the ductility of Al, the platelets maintained the high aspect ratio and did not snap during injection moulding. In addition to avoiding the usual drop in tensile strength and impact, the composites with nano Al platelets gave an unusually high flexural modulus (8 GPa), which was almost double that attained practically with talc, mica, and graphene. This was because of the high tendency of the Al nano platelets to become oriented during moulding. The Al–PET composite would be a more cost-and-performance effective combination for making conductive composites. The Al is a cheaper material than graphene, surface treatment for adhesion (to PET) is unnecessary, and dispersion issues, such as exfoliation and de-aggregation, are not a problem.

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Yolshina, L. A., R. V. Muradymov, I. V. Korsun, G. A. Yakovlev, and S. V. Smirnov. "Novel aluminum-graphene and aluminum-graphite metallic composite materials: Synthesis and properties." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 663 (April 2016): 449–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.12.084.

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Khatkar, S. K., N. M. Suri, S. Kant, and Pankaj. "A Review on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Graphite Reinforced Self Lubricating Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 56, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2018-0036.

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Abstract Hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMC’s) are next generation metal matrix composite materials that have the potential of gratifying recent demands of advanced energy applications in the field of aerospace, automobile and biomedical. The MMC’s have to work at elevated temperature or vacuum environment where lubrication using liquid lubricants is ineffective or difficult to achieve; moreover, liquid lubricants are not environmental friendly, since they releases pollutants into environment. Solid lubricants such as graphite, CNT’s, MoS2and graphene have been widely used as secondary reinforcements to meet such operational needs by fabricating green or environmental friendly self lubricating HMMC’s. This article outlines recent advances in the area of self lubricating HMMC’s reinforced with graphite as secondary reinforcement. The focus of the study was on mechanical and tribological behavior of Aluminum and magnesium based self lubricating HMMC’s. The effect of graphite, different hybrid reinforcements and their strengthening mechanisms are also discussed in detail.

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Wang, Yu, Fangyu Gan, and Kanghua Chen. "Graphene composite plastic film as current collector for aluminum-graphite batteries." Materials Letters 254 (November 2019): 436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.06.082.

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Liu, Jinghang, Umar Khan, Jonathan Coleman, Bea Fernandez, Pablo Rodriguez, Sumsun Naher, and Dermot Brabazon. "Graphene oxide and graphene nanosheet reinforced aluminium matrix composites: Powder synthesis and prepared composite characteristics." Materials & Design 94 (March 2016): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.031.

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Mahenran, Thayumanavan, and Vijaya Kumar Kutty Nadar Rajammal. "Mechanical and Morphological Investigation of Aluminium 7075 Reinforced with Nano Graphene / Aluminium Oxide / Inconel Alloy 625 Using Ultrasonic Stir Casting Method." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 32, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/rcma.320403.

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Aluminium Hybrid Metal Matrix Nano Composites (AHMMNCs) are finding widespread use in the aerospace, marine, defence, and automotive industries due to its high stiffness, high strength-to-weight ratio, and outstanding wear resistance. Hybrid nano composite materials are commonly used in engineering applications due to their proper mechanical organisation. Mechanical property improvement of hybrid nano composites is now a prominent field of research in materials and industrial technology. Aluminium alloy 7075 was reinforced with 0.5, 1.5%, and 2.0 wt. percent of nano-graphene (20-30nm), 2,4,6,8 wt percent of aluminium oxide (50m), and 2,4,6,8 wt percent of Inconel alloy 625 and 1wt percent of magnesium utilising an ultrasonic stir casting process in this study. Mechanical characteristics of the hybrid nano-composite material were evaluated using tension, compression, hardness, and flexural tests. SEM was used for morphology inquiry examination.

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Duque, Maria Eduarda Martins, and Emerson Sarmento Gonçalves. "Interference of Graphene Presence in Formation Mechanism of Metalloporphyrin (PtTFPP) Complex with Oxygen." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 64 (October 9, 2022): 2399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02642399mtgabs.

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Introduction Pressure sensitive Paints (PSP) are widely applied in aerodynamic surface tests, as they allow fast data acquisition and pressure mapping across the entire surface during flight simulation [1]. The PSP used in this work is mainly composed of Fluoro-Isopropyl-Butyl (FIB) (Figure 1.A), a polymer that allows oxygen permeability in the paint and platinum tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (PtTFPP), responsible for pressure sensitivity (Figure 1.B) [2]. Considering the PSP unique properties, it is possible to obtain an electrical response that enables the use of this paint in airplanes pressure sensors, during flight. For this, an electrical charge of graphene derivative is added to the PSP. Graphene has properties that make it interesting for several applications. Its final application is related to its production method. Electrochemical exfoliation of graphite was used to produce the carbonaceous electrical charge, which has advantages such as ecofriendly reagents, simple product purification and ease of subsequent steps [3, 4]. Seeking to reach the PSP application potential as an oxygen sensitive material that generates an electrical response on pressure, it is necessary that the added electrical charge is compatible with the paint, producing a homogeneous material, high electrical conductivity and mechanical properties suitable for aerospace applications. Thus, the interaction of graphene derivatives with paint and how this influence on its sensitivity to oxygen was studied. This sensitive material can be used in an aeronautical sensor redundant to the Pitot Tube. Therefore, the main objective of the proposed research is to increase the safety of air navigation using a graphene-derived composite with a pressure-sensitive metalloporphyrin paint (PSP). Materials and methods Initially, the production of graphene derivatives was carried out by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite, in which plates of thin graphite sheets pressed were used as working electrode and counter electrode. As an electrolyte solution, a mixture of salts (NH4)2SO4 and (NH4)2HPO4 was used at a concentration of 0.1 mol.L-1 and a proportion of 70/30 v/v%. Exfoliation took place at a fixed potential of 10 V, applied by an electrical power supply. At the end of this process, two drying methodologies were tested: kiln at 70°C (Graphene A) and lyophilization (Graphene B). The composite production consists of mixing the graphene derivative and PSP, at a concentration of 1 mg.mL-1, with the aid of an ultrasound tip for 30 minutes. In addition to the carbonaceous material, a commercial graphene (Graphene C) was also used. After mixing, the material is dripped onto an aluminum surface. The characterizations performed were Raman Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy to analyze the morphology of the graphene used and Stereo Microscopy, XRD and electrical impedance for the composites. Results and discussion Analyzing the Raman spectra, Graphene A has a more disorder in the carbon chain, higher degree of stacking between planes and a greater association of defects (D4, 2D1 bands, respectively). The lyophilized material showed less interactions between the edges (D1+D4 band) configuring smaller and less agglomerated particles. Graphene C also showed a certain degree of defects and functionalization by oxygenated groups. The diffractogram of Graphene B and C indicates greater disorder in the bonds of the carbon rings with sp2 hybridization than that presented in Graphene A, with A being the material with the highest number of layers and the smallest lamellar distance. Stereo microscopy (Figure 2) images of the composites showed that the mixture is not homogeneous, especially after drying and presents roughness, being these characteristics that can be a problem for the final application. The composite diffractograms show the same peaks only for the paint, with a difference in intensity. The amorphous peak at 16.4°, referring to the polymer, becomes more intense and crystalline with Graphene A and C indicating possible interaction and intercalation of graphene layers with the polymer. The Electrical Impedance of the composites was performed in variable vacuum without flow. Composites with Graphene A and B are resistive, without variation in the presence of different amounts of oxygen. With Graphene C, the response was capacitive-resistive, and was sensitive to pressure changes, but still needs calibration (Figure 3). [1] PUKLIN, E. et al. Ideality of pressure-sensitive paint. I. Platinum tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphine in fluoroacrylic polymer. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, v. 77, n. 13, p.2795-2804, 2000. [2] GAMAL, E.; et. al. Oxygen pressure measurement using singlet oxygen emission. Review of Scientific Instruments 76, 054101, 2005. [3] KARIMOV, K. S.; et. al. Development of pressure-sensitive thermo-electric cell using graphene and n-Bi2Te3. Emergent Materials 2, pages 387–390, 2019. [4] ANJU, M.; et. al. Graphene-dye hybrid optical sensors. Vol 17, 194 – 217, 2019. Figure 1

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Boppana, Satish Babu, Samuel Dayanand, Bharath Vedashantha Murthy, Madeva Nagaral, Aravinda Telagu, Vijee Kumar, and Virupaxi Auradi. "Development and Mechanical Characterisation of Al6061-Al2O3-Graphene Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5060155.

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MMC based on aluminium (Al) were produced for light-weight applications especially in aviation and automobile areas. Present paper deals with the fabrication and mechanical performance of AA6061 matrix composites fortified with Al2O3 (alumina) and graphene particulates. Fluid metallurgy method namely stir casting route was employed for fabricating the hybrid composites. Al2O3p and graphene powder are mixed in different weight fractions in which graphene (1 wt. %) particle reinforcement is held consistent and Al2O3 reinforcement is differed freely with 5, 10 and 15 wt. %. Using optical analyser and SEM equipment, microstructural examination is carried out and the result reveals that the graphene and Al2O3 particles prevalently are homogeneously appropriated on the grain limits of Al matrix and Al2O3 particles are disseminated between graphene in the as-cast AA6061 MMC’s. Detailed analysis on investigation of the microstructure and mechanical aspects of Al6061-graphene-Al2O3p composites is presented by following ASTM guidelines; results uncovered that with increment in reinforcement particles, there is an enhancement in the hardness, ultimate strength, yield strength and a decline in the elongation values was however noticed when contrasted with Al6061 alloy. Fractography investigation revealed dimples in unreinforced alloy and the composite.

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Baiocco, Gabriele, Silvio Genna, Erica Menna, and Nadia Ucciardello. "Study on Pulse-Reverse Electroplating Process for the Manufacturing of a Graphene-Based Coating." Materials 16, no. 2 (January 16, 2023): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020854.

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This work investigates the feasibility of increasing the electric conductivity of an AA1370 aluminium wire by using pulse-reverse electrodeposition to realize Cu-Graphene composite coating. The graphene adopted was in the form of nanoplates (GnP). To study the effects of plating parameters, a 23 factorial plan was developed and tested. During the tests, the following process parameters were varied: the current density, the frequency and the duty cycle. The ANalysis Of VAriance (ANOVA)) was adopted to evaluate their influence on the coated wires’ morphology and electrical conductivity resistance. The results show that all the tested conditions allow good compactness to the coating, and the amount of graphene is well incorporated within the microstructure of the copper deposit. In addition, in the best conditions, the electrical resistivity decreases up to 3.4% than the uncoated aluminum.

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Shivalingaiah, Kanchiraya, Vinayaka Nagarajaiah, Chithirai Pon Selvan, Smitha Thothera Kariappa, Nandini Gowdru Chandrashekarappa, Avinash Lakshmikanthan, Manjunath Patel Gowdru Chandrashekarappa, and Emanoil Linul. "Stir Casting Process Analysis and Optimization for Better Properties in Al-MWCNT-GR-Based Hybrid Composites." Metals 12, no. 8 (August 1, 2022): 1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12081297.

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Pure aluminium poses inferior properties that limit its use in load-bearing applications. Reinforcing multiwall carbon nano-tube (solid lubricant) and graphene to aluminium matrix offers better (antifriction, hardness, and wear resistance) properties in composites for such applications. A stir casting processing route is employed to prepare the hybrid composite (aluminium-multiwall carbon nanotube-graphene Al-MWCNT-GR). The Taguchi L16 experimental matrix representing four variables (percent reinforcement of graphene, die temperature, melt temperature, and stir speed) operating at four levels were studied to analyze and obtain higher hardness and low wear rate in hybrid composites. Percent reinforcement of graphene showed maximum impact, and die temperature resulted with the least contribution towards both the responses. Criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) method is applied to determine the weight fractions (importance) for hardness and wear rate equal to 0.4752 and 0.5482, respectively. Grey relational analysis (GRA) and multi-objective optimization by the ratio analysis (MOORA) method converts multiple objective functions into a single objective function with weight fractions assigned to each output. Taguchi-CRITIC-MOORA outperformed the Taguchi-CRITIC-GRA method, which could result in 31.77% increase in hardness and a 36.33% decrease in wear rate compared to initial conditions. The optimal conditions ensure a dense microstructure with minimal pores, result in enhanced properties compared to that obtained for initial and average stir casting conditions. The worn-out surface results in a few thin and slender grooves between tracks with less crack propagation, ensuring self-lubrication in composites fabricated with the optimized condition. The better properties resulted in the hybrid composites correspond to optimized stir casting conditions and can be implemented in industries for large-scale applications.

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Md Ali, Afifah, Mohd Zaidi Omar, Mohd Shukor Salleh, Hanizam Hashim, Intan Fadhlina Mohamed, and Nur Farah Bazilah Wakhi Anuar. "Mechanical Behaviour and Morphology of Thixoformed Aluminium Alloy Reinforced by Graphene." Materials 15, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 6791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196791.

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Thixoforming is a promising method that offers several advantages over both liquid and solid processing. This process utilizes semi-solid behaviour and reduces macrosegregation, porosity and forming forces during the shaping process. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 wt% graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) reinforced A356 aluminium alloy composite fabricated by thixoforming was investigated. Stir casting was employed to fabricate feedstocks before they were thixoformed at 50% liquid. The microstructure was characterized and evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray detector and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical testing, such as microhardness and tensile testing, was also performed to estimate the mechanical properties of the composites. The incorporation of 0.3 wt.% GNPs in Al alloy increased by about 27% in ultimate tensile strength and 29% in hardness. The enhancement in tensile strength is primarily attributed to load transfer strengthening due to the uniform dispersion of these GNPs within the Al matrix, which promotes effective load transfer during tensile deformation, and GNPs’ wrinkled surface structure. Simultaneously, the addition of GNPs enhances the grain refinement effect of the Al alloy matrix, resulting in a grain size strengthening mechanism of the GNPs/Al composites. The results reveal that thixoformed composite microstructure consists of uniformly distributed GNPs, α-Al globules and fine fibrous Si particles. The composites’ grains were refined and equiaxed, and the mechanical properties were improved significantly. This study creates a new method for incorporating GNPs into Al alloy for high-performance composites.

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Dr. S. Rajesham, Dr. M. Manzoor Hussain, S. Venkata Narasimha Rao,. "ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMI SOLID PROCESSED ALUMINIUM 7075 ALLOY." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 2 (March 24, 2021): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i2.329.

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At present for industries it is a challenge to produce products of good quality and should have high durability. In this engineering world there is great a great need of various engineering materials to satisfy these engineering needs. The material usage mainly depends on the material strength and properties. Aluminum-7075 alloy is primarily used for transport applications, such as aerospace, maritime and automotive industries, thanks to its good mechanical properties and a low density. For the semi-solid formation of aluminium alloys, a homogenous equiased grain structure is required. The stress mediated melting mechanism is one of the approaches used to achieve such a microstructure. The present work describes the synthesis of Al 7075 semi solid metal matrix composite reinforced with graphene and the characterization of their mechanical properties. Graphene is added to aluminium-7075 and samples are prepared both with stirring and without stirring at varying temperatures. The samples are prepared at 6800c, 7100c, 7400c, 7700c, 8000c, 8300c, 8600c, 8900c, 9200c. At these temperature the material is mostly semi-solid Aluminium 7075 and graphene is added to this semi-solid molten melt and stirred with stirrer. The specimens are prepared according to ASTM standards. The tests like hardness, tensile, impact and compression tests are performed and the values are compared. The tensile power, hardness, compression reduces as its temperature increases. The specimens are analysed using ANSYS software. The specimens with stirring has good mechanical properties than without stirring. Graphene has good mechanical characteristics such as strength and hardness.

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Ashwath, P., P. Jeyapandiarajan, J. Joel, H. G. Prashantha kumar, M. Anthony Xavior, N. Sumanth, Chillakuru Saketh Reddy, and Deepa. "Flexural studies of graphene reinforced aluminium metal matrix composite." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 5 (2018): 13459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.02.340.

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Thayumanavan, M., and K. R. Vijaya Kumar. "Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Aluminium 7075 Reinforced with Nano Graphene / B4C / Inconel alloy 625 using Ultrasonic Stir Casting Method." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 10 (October 9, 2021): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/10753.

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Aluminium 7075 widely used in aerospace and defence applications. At the present time, hybrid composite material utility is refining in all engineering areas as a result of high strength /weight ratio, good corrosive and wear resistance. In this research work deals with the fabricating of hybrid metal matrix composite of aluminium 7075 as base metal reinforced by varying weight percentage of Nano graphene (0.5,1,1.5,2) , B4C (2,4,6,8,) and Inconel alloy 625 (2,4,6,8). This boron carbide, Inconel alloy 625 particles having particle size of 50μm. The hybrid aluminium composite material fabricated utilizing liquid metallurgy ultrasonic stir casting method. Tension test, compression test, hardness test and flexural test were conducted to determine mechanical properties of the hybrid composite material. Morphology of the hybrid metal matrix composite were analysed by using SEM.

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Sahoo, Baidehish, Jomy Joseph, Abhishek Sharma, and Jinu Paul. "Particle size and shape effects on the surface mechanical properties of aluminium coated with carbonaceous materials." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 2 (June 11, 2018): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318781932.

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Influence of particle size and shape of carbonaceous materials on the surface mechanical properties of Aluminium-1100 substrates is evaluated. The aluminium surface is impregnated with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (one dimensional), Graphene nanoplatelets (two dimensional) and graphite flakes (three dimensional) of various sizes. An electrical resistance heat assisted pressing technique was used for localised melting of the aluminium substrate followed by the mechanical impregnation of the carbonaceous materials. Surface mechanical properties of the so obtained surface composites were evaluated by microhardness and nanoindentation studies. A general observation is that the indentation hardness and Young’s modulus increase as the shape changes from three dimensional to one dimensional and also with the reduction in particle size. The maximum surface hardness achieved for each of these particles and the processing conditions at which the best properties are attained give insights into the prevailing hardening mechanisms. Raman spectroscopic analysis, which shows a variable shift and change in intensity ratios of the corresponding G, D and 2D bands, corroborates the experimental observations.

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Dhanya, J., M. Mohan Kumar, S. Shakina Bi, and Jayaprakasam Sudha. "Effect of Sintering Parameters on the Microstructure and Properties of Cu-Ti₃AlC₂- Gr Composite." Advanced Materials Research 1163 (April 2021): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1163.89.

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In this work, Copper-Titanium Aluminium Carbide (MAX Phase) – Graphene Composites of desired sizes were prepared by mechanical alloying and Powder Metallurgy route. Sintering was carried out at different temperatures and times and the effect of these sintering parameters on the microstructure of the developed composite and the mechanical and electrical properties were investigated. The microscopic examination reveals that increase in sintering temperature resulted in a properly bonded composite structure. The increase in sintering temperature and time increases the hardness and the wear resistance of the developed composite. Though the density and electrical conductivity shows an increasing trend initially, with higher Sintering temperature, a slight decrease is observed because of the presence of voids in the structure.

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Rossi, Stefano, Nicola Gasparre, Vigilio Fontanari, and Attilio Compagnoni. "Modification of the Mechanical Properties of Vitreous Enameled Aluminium Substrate Adding Graphene Flakes." Key Engineering Materials 813 (July 2019): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.49.

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Vitreous enamel is a very interesting materials thanks to its glassy nature, which permits to obtain high protection against corrosion and fire. In addition, the smooth surface with an elevate hardness favors good abrasion resistance. However, a negative aspect of this kind of coating is the high brittleness, which limits the application in case of impulsive or high loads. The nucleation and propagation of cracks leads to the destruction of layer integrity with loss of properties. In recent years graphene has received increasing attention as toughening addictive for organic and metal coatings as well as composite materials. This work is a first attempt to evaluate if the addition of graphene in an enamel deposit can increase its mechanical properties. The graphene was mixed with the dry frit. A milling process was then carried out before producing the torbida. In this way the formation of graphene clusters and accumulations is prevented. The addition of 1% graphene has shown to be effective in the increase of mechanical properties without negative influence on the deposit microstructure.

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Fuhaid, Mutlag Sh, R. V. Murali, M. A. Maleque, P. K. Krishnan, and M. A. Rahaman. "Synthesis and Characterization of Aluminium Composite with Graphene Oxide Reinforcement." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1057, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1057/1/012005.

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Ashwath, P., P. Jeyapandiarajan, M. Anthony Xavior, Rahul verma, Neeraj kumar singh, and Varalaxshmi. "Heat Treating Studies of Graphene Reinforced Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 5 (2018): 11859–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.02.157.

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Liu, Fengguo, Ning Su, and Renguo Guan. "Enhancement on the Tribological Properties of the Multilayer RGO/Al Matrix Composites by Cu-Coating Method." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 3163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123163.

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Multilayer reduced graphene oxide (mrGO) was chemically modified by electroless plating of copper on surface to form mrGO-Cu. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis revealed that nano-Cu particles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of mrGO. The mrGO-Cu powders were further utilized as reinforcements for aluminum (Al) matrix and the mrGO-Cu/Al composite was successfully fabricated through clad rolling of milled powder. The tribological properties of the mrGO-Cu/Al composites were explored. The tribological results show that the mrGO-Cu could reduce the friction coefficient and wear loss of mrGO-Cu/Al composites, since the mrGO-Cu participated in lubricating processes due to the formation of a transfer layer on the contact surface. Furthermore, it is found that the composition of mrGO-Cu could significantly influence the tribological properties of the mrGO-Cu/Al composites. The composites with 4% of mrGO-Cu for composites exhibited the best tribological behavior, which transformed from adhesive wear to abrasive wear, due to the formation of a graphite lubricating film.

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Yolshina, L. A., R. V. Muradymov, and N. G. Molchanova. "Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum–Graphene and Aluminum–Graphite Composite Materials in a 3% NaCl Aqueous Solution." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2022, no. 2 (February 2022): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029522020057.

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Yolshina, L. A., R. V. Muradymov, and N. G. Molchanova. "Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum–Graphene and Aluminum–Graphite Composite Materials in a 3% NaCl Aqueous Solution." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2022, no. 2 (February 2022): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029522020057.

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Yolshina, L. A., R. V. Muradymov, and N. G. Molchanova. "Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum–Graphene and Aluminum–Graphite Composite Materials in a 3% NaCl Aqueous Solution." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2022, no. 2 (February 2022): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029522020057.

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Nyanor, Peter, Omayma A. El Kady, Atef S. Hamada, Koichi Nakamura, and Mohsen A. Hassan. "Multiscale Finite Element Simulation of Thermal Properties and Mechanical Strength of Reduced Graphene Oxide Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composite." Key Engineering Materials 821 (September 2019): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.821.39.

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The effective properties of metal matrix composites (MMCs) depend on matrix material and reinforcement property specifications as well as bonding at interphase. The use of numerical methods such as finite element (FE) and mean field homogenization (MFH) can assist in predicting MMC properties thus reducing time and cost of optimizing composite properties through experiments. In the present work, a multiscale representative volume element (RVE) of the microstructure of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) reinforced Aluminium (Al) matrix composite (rGO/Al) is created in MSC DigiMat and analysed using Abaqus software. The effect of porosity and rGO reinforcement on thermal conductivity and strength of the rGO/Al composites is studied. The variation in thermal conductivity between FE-RVE and experimental data is a maximum of 2.2% and a minimum of 0.07% for rGO reinforcement of 1 wt.% and 3 wt.% respectively. The results show good agreement between FE-RVE simulation, MFH and experimental data. This approach can provide an efficient technique for selecting matrix and reinforcement phase properties for MMC fabrication. Keywords: Al/rGO composite, Multiscale finite element-representative volume, Thermal and mechanical properties

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A R, Manjunatha. "Study of Wear Properties on Aluminium alloy Composite Reinforced with Graphene." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 3 (March 31, 2018): 447–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.3072.

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Pillai, K. V., V. V. Nerpagar, and N. B. Dhokey. "Fabrication of Pure Aluminium Reinforced Graphene Composite for Heat Sink Applications." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 795, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/795/1/012002.

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Ashokkumar, S., S. Sathiyaraj, Nirmal Kumar, Shaik Muzammil, and Dabbara Ravi Kumar. "Feasibility Study on Aluminium 7075 Metal Matrix Composite Using Graphene Oxide." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 993 (December 31, 2020): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/993/1/012009.

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Zhang, Jiangshan, Shufeng Yang, Zhixin Chen, Hui Wu, Jingwei Zhao, and Zhengyi Jiang. "Graphene encapsulated SiC nanoparticles as tribology-favoured nanofillers in aluminium composite." Composites Part B: Engineering 162 (April 2019): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.12.046.

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Velliangiri, M., M. Karthikeyan, and G. Sureshkannan. "The development of ultra-high aluminium graphene metal matrix composites (MMC) and improved the thermo-mechanical properties." Journal of Ovonic Research 19, no. 1 (February 20, 2023): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/jor.2023.191.87.

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Powder metallurgy has made it easier to develop Ultra high Al-Gr (5 wt% Gr) composite materials for commercial solar thermal collectors. This work seeks an optimum aluminumgraphene composite with superior thermo-mechanical properties for the thermal collector. Experimentally found that an AMMC matrix with 1.0 wt% of Gr has 282 W/mK thermal conductivity, 129 percent developed than Al (123 W/mK), and also found Al+Gr has a lower thermal expansion coefficient than pure Al. Predicted different composite densities and focused to retain 96.5 percent of aluminum density after sintering. Investigated analytical techniques and included some investigation like Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, FESM, and electricity-dispersive X-ray grain size and property and also identified high-quality composites and predicted their homogeneity and invulnerability. Predicted suitable Sintering temperature was 626 degrees Celsius which increased from 300 degrees Celsius. Energy and thermal conductivity were found that increases with increasing temperature and compared to pure Al. According to this investigation, when increased the graphene weight percentage proportion from 0 to 5.0 wt%. Results show that conductivity increases from 210 to 412 W/mK and mechanical characteristics slightly drop from 16 to 19% as pH rises from 5 to 5.5. Based on this investigation Al+Gr composites may be used for solar thermal collectors and heat sinks and also appropriate ultra-high Al+5.5 wt% suitable for solar collectors.

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Saravanan, C., S. Dinesh, P. Sakthivel, V. Vijayan, and B. Suresh Kumar. "Assessment of mechanical properties of Silicon Carbide and Graphene reinforced aluminium composite." Materials Today: Proceedings 21 (2020): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.751.

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Hawi, Sara, Somayeh Gharavian, Marek Burda, Saurav Goel, Saeid Lotfian, Tasnuva Khaleque, and Hamed Yazdani Nezhad. "Development of carbonaceous tin-based solder composite achieving unprecedented joint performance." Emergent Materials 4, no. 6 (December 2021): 1679–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42247-021-00337-9.

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AbstractWeight reduction and improved strength are two common engineering goals in the joining sector to benefit transport, aerospace, and nuclear industries amongst others. Here, in this paper, we show that the suitable addition of carbon nanomaterials to a tin-based solder material matrix (C-Solder® supplied by Cametics Ltd.) results in two-fold strength of soldered composite joints. Single-lap shear joint experiments were conducted on soldered aluminium alloy (6082 T6) substrates. The soldering material was reinforced in different mix ratios by carbon black, graphene, and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and benchmarked against the pristine C-solder®. The material characterisation was performed using Vickers micro-indentation, differential scanning calorimetry and nano-indentation, whereas functional testing involved mechanical shear tests using single-lap aluminium soldered joints and creep tests. The hardness was observed to improve in all cases except for the 0.01 wt.% graphene reinforced solders, with 5% and 4% improvements in 0.05 carbon black and SWCNT reinforced solders, respectively. The maximum creep indentation was noted to improve for all solder categories with maximum 11% and 8% improvements in 0.05 wt.% carbon black and SWCNT reinforced ones. In general, the 0.05 wt.% nanomaterial reinforced solders promoted progressive cohesion failure in the joints as opposed to instantaneous fully de-bonded failure observed in pristine soldered joints, which suggests potential application in high-performance structures where no service load induced adhesion failure is permissible (e.g. aerospace assemblies). The novel innovation developed here will pave the way to achieving high-performance solder joining without carrying out extensive surface preparations.

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Matviychuk, Viktor, Oleg Gaidamak, and Mykhailo Karpiichuk. "CREATING SURFACE LAYERS OF PARTS WITH INCREASED TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS USING COLD GAS-DYNAMIC SPRAYING." 2(105), no. 2(105) (August 30, 2022): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2022-2-7.

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One of the transitions to the path of intensification of the production processes is the perceptibly low stability of the details of the nodes in the possession of these production processes. The stamina of the details is small, vindictive, nasampered, rubbing in pairs, especially quiet, which works out of significant tensions in aggressive middles. The wear of the upper balls of parts can ruin the possession, which leads to the waste of energy and material resources. One of the ways to solve the problem is the creation of functional coatings on the surfaces that are resistant to aggressive environments. The results of the analysis of antifriction properties of materials containing copper, tin, lead, aluminum, and polymers are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of antifriction properties of the materials in question are shown and the possibility of their application on the surface of parts using cold gas dynamic spraying. The use of liquid and solid antifriction materials as lubricants is analyzed. Attention is paid to materials with a crystalline structure similar to the structure of graphite, known as 2D structures (two-dimensional materials)." The most studied 2D materials are MoS2 and carbon-based compounds, including graphene and graphite. The diagram of the interaction of sliding surfaces, including molecular deformation, wear, bonding, the thermal effect, and environmental influence is shown. It is noted that the application of antifriction materials to the surface of parts can be carried out using cold gas-dynamic spraying. Found that compared to the material of the substrate AA7075, the coefficient of friction of sliding of the spray coating with the crystal of copper-graphite powder was reduced by 47% - 62%. Rubber composite coatings are made of a mechanical mixture of aluminum powder A30-01 and copper C01-00. The dependence of the coefficients of spraying aluminum and copper on the content of aluminum in the composite mixture that is sprayed is obtained. until it reaches 61%. At higher concentrations of aluminum (more than 66%) the coefficients of spraying aluminum, copper, and their mixtures coincide.

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Sharma, Ankit, Bhuvanesh Vasudevan, Ravindran Sujith, Nitin Kotkunde, Kurra Suresh, and Amit Kumar Gupta. "Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite." Materials Today: Proceedings 18 (2019): 2461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.07.095.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Aluminium Graphite/Graphene Composite'

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