Journal articles: 'Aluminum compounds'

1

Demol, Guillaume, Thierry Paulmier, and Denis Payan. "Cathodoluminescence of aluminum ceramic compounds." Journal of Applied Physics 125, no. 2 (January 14, 2019): 025110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5066434.

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2

Gupta, R. "Aluminum compounds as vaccine adjuvants." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 32, no. 3 (July 6, 1998): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-409x(98)00008-8.

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Leman, John T., Janet Braddock-Wilking, Alanna J. Coolong, and Andrew R. Barron. "1,3-Diaryltriazenido compounds of aluminum." Inorganic Chemistry 32, no. 20 (September 1993): 4324–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00072a028.

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4

Isupov, V. P. "Intercalation compounds of aluminum hydroxide." Journal of Structural Chemistry 40, no. 5 (September 1999): 672–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02903444.

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Borukaev, T. A., A. Kh Malamatov, and A. Kh Salamov. "On the possibility of upgrading the composition of cable PVC compound." Plasticheskie massy, no. 1-2 (March 19, 2021): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2021-1-2-7-10.

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Upgrade of the composition of cable PVC-compound grade I40-13A with aluminum hydroxide has been carried out. Fire resistance, thermophysical and physical-mechanical properties of the obtained compounds have been investigated. It is shown that the modernization of the composition of cable PVC compound with aluminum hydroxide enables production of a fi re-resistant compound. It was found that aluminum hydroxide significantly changes the thermophysical properties of cable plastic compound. In particular, heat generation and smoke generation during plastic compound combustion are significantly reduced. It has been established that the physical-mechanical and rheological characteristics of the cable compound modernized with aluminum hydroxide remain at the level of the original compound. The optimal amount of aluminum hydroxide for the modernization of cable plastic compound of the I40-13A grade is 10–15 wt.%.

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Sauls, Frederick C., and Leonard V. Interrante. "Coordination compounds of aluminum as precursors to aluminum nitride." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 128, no. 1-2 (October 1993): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(93)80030-9.

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7

Watanabe, Yoshimi. "Review, Role of L12 Modified (Al1−xMex)3Ti Intermetallic Compounds on Heterogeneous Nucleation of Alpha Aluminum Grains." MATEC Web of Conferences 326 (2020): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032606008.

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Al3Ti intermetallic compound with the tetragonal D022 structure undergoes a phase transformation to the high-symmetry L12 cubic structure by addition of third elements, Me. The lattice constants of some L12 modified (Al1−xMex)3Ti intermetallic compounds are closed to that of alpha aluminum. Therefore, it is expected that the addition of L12 modified (Al1−xMex)3Ti intermetallic compound particles show good grain refining performance of cast aluminum. In this paper, our recent results on novel refines containing heterogeneous nucleation site particles of L12 modified (Al1−xMex)3Ti intermetallic compounds have been reviewed.

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Feuerhack, Andreas, Carolin Binotsch, and Birgit Awiszus. "Formability of Hybrid Aluminum-Magnesium Compounds." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.21.

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In the SFB 692 HALS (High-strength aluminum based lightweight materials for safety components), subproject B-3, the production of an aluminum magnesium compound by a hydrostatic co-extrusion process was investigated. The quality of these semi-finished products, especially the stability and robustness of the interface between the aluminum (AlMgSi1) sleeve and magnesium (AZ31) core, was of particular interest. Previous papers have described the first process optimization steps as the improvement of the die design as well as the numerical methods for identification of important process parameters and the development of a quality model for the interface. This paper describes the formability of such semi-finished products with subsequent forging processes, especially die forging. Therefore, two different die forging strategies were investigated. In the first approach the strand-shaped work piece, with a circular cross-section, was formed along its longitudinal axis with die forging. In the second approach the same geometry was radially formed with die forging. Thereby, the compound was formed in longitudinal direction up to an analytical equivalent strain value of 1.61 and in radial direction up to 1.38. First results showed that the interface of the aluminum magnesium compound is very stable and ductile enough to be forged. Dye penetration tests were performed to prove the stability of the interface in a first step. Then, micro sections were made to investigate the interface metallographically. No cracks or damages were detected with both test methods in the interface of the forged aluminum magnesium compound. Furthermore, numerical simulations were performed to analyze the forging processes in detail. Therefore, a full 3D simulation model was set-up with Forge2011 and the calibration was performed with the press force as well as the geometry aspects. The correlations between experiments and simulations are very well. By means of the calibrated simulation detailed analyses of interface section are performed and the stability of the interface was investigated. This shows that the compound quality reached by the hydrostatic co-extrusion process is very suitable for subsequent forming steps as die forging. The investigations show the potential of such hybrid compounds and clarify their application, especially in the automotive sector.

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Mukhamed’yarova, Aliya N., Bulat I. Gareev, Danis K. Nurgaliev, Firdavs A. Aliev, and Alexey V. Vakhin. "A Review on the Role of Amorphous Aluminum Compounds in Catalysis: Avenues of Investigation and Potential Application in Petrochemistry and Oil Refining." Processes 9, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9101811.

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Aluminum oxides and hydroxides are widely applied because of the great variety of their modifications. In particular, aluminum oxides and hydroxides are used in petrochemistry and oil refining. However, amorphous aluminum compounds have not been sufficiently studied due to the complexity of their synthesis and the problems encountered during their study. The study of amorphous aluminum compounds is hindered by the ambiguity of terminology. In this work, the structures of amorphous aluminum compounds prepared by different methods and the properties that determine their applications have been highlighted in detail. Amorphous aluminum compounds play both positive and negative roles in petrochemistry; however, in petroleum refining, amorphous compounds (without promoters and transition metal salts) demonstrate a promising catalytic performance in oil upgrading.

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10

Wongpreedee, Kageeporn, Panphot Ruethaitananon, and Tawinun Isariyamateekun. "Interface Layers of Ag-Al Fusing Metals by Casting Processes." Advanced Materials Research 787 (September 2013): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.787.341.

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The materials of fusing metals commercially used in the jewelry niche marketing is seen as precious metals. An innovation of fusing metals searched for new materials to differentiate from the markets for mass production. In this research, it studied the bonding processes of silver and aluminium metals by casting processes for mass productions. The studies had been varied parameters on the types of aluminium and process temperature controls. This research had used two types of aluminium which were pure aluminium 99.99% and aluminum 5083 alloys bonding with pure silver 99.99%. The temperatures had been specified for two factors including casting temperature at X1, X2 and flasking temperature at Y1, Y2. From the results, it was found that the casting temperature at 730°C and the flasking temperature at 230 °C of pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloys bonding had the thinnest average thickness of interface at 427.29 μm. The microstructure of pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloy bonding was revealed eutectic-like structures at the interfaces. The EDS analysis showed the results of compounds at interface layers of Ag sides giving Ag2Al intermetallics on pure silver-aluminum 5083 alloy bonding unlike pure silver-pure aluminium bonding giving Ag3Al intermetallics.

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11

Masuda, Takashi, and Hideyuki Takagishi. "Solution-processed aluminum metals using liquid-phase aluminum-hydrides." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 40 (2020): 14007–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc02162h.

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12

GUILARD, ROGER, VIRGINIE PICHON-PESME, HASSANE LACHEKAR, CLAUDE LECOMTE, ALLY M. AUKAULOO, PIERRE L. BOULAS, and KARL M. KADISH. "Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Aluminum Porphycenes: Crystal and Molecular Structure of Methyl-σ-Bonded Aluminum Etioporphycene." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 01, no. 02 (April 1997): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1409(199704)1:2<109::aid-jpp13>3.0.co;2-4.

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The synthesis and characterization of three monomeric aluminum porphycenes with anionic or σ-bonded axial ligands is reported. The investigated compounds are represented as ( EtioPc ) Al ( CH 3) and ( EtioPc ) AlX where EtioPc represents the dianion of etioporphycene and X = Cl − or OH −. Each synthesized complex was characterized by mass spectrometry. 1 H NMR, IR and UV-visible spectroscopies as well as by electrochemistry. Comparisons are made between the properties of complexes in the aluminum etioporphycene series and related chloro- or methyl σ-bonded Al ( III ) porphyrins containing octaethylporphyrin ( OEP ) or tetraphenylporphyrin ( TPP ) macrocycles. Comparisons are also made between the currently investigated compounds and a previously reported Al ( III ) μ-oxo dimer, [( EtioPc ) Al ]2 O . In addition, the crystal and molecular structure of ( EtioPc ) Al ( CH 3) was determined by X-ray diffraction. The molecular structure of this methyl-σ-bonded aluminum etioporphycene provides the first structural data for an aluminum porphycene compound. The aluminum(III) atom in ( EtioPc ) Al ( CH 3) is pentacoordinated and is located 0.54 Å from the plane of the four N -nitrogens.

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13

Kuz'min, Mikhail P., Marina Yu Kuz'mina, and Sergei N. Fedorov. "Determination of the Thermodynamic Stability of Intermetallic Compounds in Technical Aluminum." Materials Science Forum 1052 (February 3, 2022): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ob76h7.

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A wide range of intermetallic compounds of the Al-Ti, Al-Ni, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Fe, Al-V systems has been examined. The enthalpy of formation of intermetallic compounds in a wide temperature range has been calculated. The obtained values are attributed to one mole of the chemical compound. The dependences of the obtained values on the stoichiometric composition of chemical compounds with regard to their position on the state diagram are established. A comparative assessment of the stability of intermetallic compounds for each system has been conducted. A method of approximate calculation of the enthalpy of intermetallic compounds has been proposed.

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14

Munroe, P. R., and I. Baker. "Application of ALCHEMI to the study of non-Stoichiometric Compounds." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 472–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100135964.

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ALCHEMI, or atom location by channeling enhanced microanalysis, has been used to study the sublattice occupancy of trace elements in minerals and ternary additions to intermetallic compounds. ALCHEMI studies of intermetallic compounds have previously been performed on compounds which are at, or near to, stoichiometry, or where the ternary element has been added at the expense of one species. In these cases it is assumed that the sublattices are perfect. That is, in the compound AB + X, there are no A atoms on the B sublattice or vice versa.In compounds which are far from stoichiometry, which may include ternary additions, there may be A atoms on the B sublattice. For example in Ni-45Al (compositions given in atomic %) , 10% of the aluminum sublattice sites are occupied by nickel atoms; iron-rich FeAl alloys behave similarly. Thus if a nickel-rich NiAl thin foil is tilted to an orientation where the x-ray intensity of the aluminum sublattice is enhanced, there will be a concomitant enhancement of the nickel x-ray intensity due to the nickel atoms located on the aluminum sublattice.

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15

Dai, Qing Wei, Ding Fei Zhang, Xi Chen, Jing Ren Dong, and Fu Sheng Pan. "Research on Pinholes in Aluminum Foil." Advanced Materials Research 884-885 (January 2014): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.308.

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To investigate pinholes in 8079 Aluminum foil, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrometer were adopted. Results show that four types of pinholes in 8079 aluminum foil, (1) small size, rod-shaped, (2) pinhole in groove, (3) hole with big size, (4) crumpled pinholes. Big compounds along with all rolling and heat treatment processes cause the small rod-shaped pinhole. The big compound contains elements of Al-Fe-O.

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16

Healy, Matthew D., Derk A. Wierda, and Andrew R. Barron. "Sterically crowded aryloxide compounds of aluminum." Organometallics 7, no. 12 (December 1988): 2543–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om00102a020.

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17

Förster, W., C. Binotsch, B. Awiszus, D. Dietrich, and D. Nickel. "Interface Engineering of Aluminum-magnesium Compounds." Materials Today: Proceedings 2 (2015): S3—S8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2015.05.002.

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18

Kazantseva, E. L., A. V. Tolchev, and D. D. Larin. "Impurity localization in aluminum oxide compounds." Inorganic Materials 47, no. 11 (October 8, 2011): 1264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0020168511110094.

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19

Healy, Matthew D., Michael B. Power, and Andrew R. Barron. "Sterically crowded aryloxide compounds of aluminum." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 130, no. 1-2 (February 1994): 63–135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-8545(94)80003-0.

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20

Xie, Wei, Yamaguchi Tomiko, and Knishio Kazumasa. "Formation of Intermetallic Compounds on the Bond Interface of Aluminum-Clad Copper and its Influence on Bond Tensile Strength." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 984–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.984.

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Production of aluminium-clad copper has been performed using vacuum roll bonding, hundreds nm of intermetallic compounds are formed on the bond interface. On the tensile testing, it is broken from the base metal of aluminium and high bond tensile strength is available. In this study, heat treatment has been taken to aluminium-clad copper produced by vacuum roll bonding. Microstructure observation, EPMA, EDS and XRD have been carried to the investigation of the formation of intermetallic compounds. As a result, 3 types of intermetallic compounds such as CuAl2, CuAl and Cu9Al4 were formed at the bond interface of aluminium-clad copper. And it was clarified that the apparent activation energy for growth behavior of CuAl and Cu9Al4 is lower than CuAl2. The effect of intermetallic phases on bond strength has also been investigated with the growth of intermetallic compounds. The decrease of tensile strength has been clarified. The broken position is near the interface between CuAl2 and CuAl. Furthermore, the bond strength of aluminum-clad copper is seriously affected by the thickness of CuAl2.

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21

Kim, Jeong-Min, Keesam Shin, and Je-Sik Shin. "Microstructural Evolution and Growth of Intermetallic Compounds at the Interface between Solid Cast Iron and Liquid Al–Si Alloy." Metals 10, no. 6 (June 6, 2020): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10060759.

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Compound casting has received a great deal of attention as a useful method for fabricating a single complicated part from dissimilar metallic materials. For example, in the case of automobile cylinder blocks, research is being carried out to compound cast iron with aluminum alloys. In order to manufacture such as composite parts, it is essential to control the intermetallic compound formed at the interface between two metals. In this research, the type and growth behavior of compounds formed at the interface between cast iron and aluminum, or Al–Si alloy, were investigated. It was observed that the Al5Fe2 phase was mainly formed at the interface between the pure aluminum melt and the solid cast iron, and the thickness of the interfacial compound increased proportionally with increasing contact time. On the other hand, more complex phases were formed at the interface between the Al–Si alloy melt and the solid cast iron. In the case of a specimen having a contact time of 10 min, Al4.5FeSi, Al8Fe2Si and Al5Fe2 phases appeared to occupy the largest portion of the interfacial compound region. The total thickness of the interfacial compounds also increased in proportion to the contact time.

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22

Wang, Yaowu, Pengcheng Hao, Jianping Peng, and Yuezhong Di. "Mechanism of aluminum carbide formation in aluminum electrolysiscells." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy, no. 00 (2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb190514023w.

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The formation and dissolution of aluminum carbide is considered the primary factor affecting the life of aluminum electrolysis cells. Herein, the characteristics of sodium-graphite intercalation compounds (Na-GICs)were measured and the formation mechanism of Al4C3duringthe aluminum electrolysis process was experimentally studied. The Na-GIC characteristics and the products of aluminum and Na-GIC reactions were investigated by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that graphite can react with the sodium metal to form Na-GICs, which were detectable by Raman spectroscopy. Sodium that inserted into the graphite layered structure acted as an intercalation agent to change the original graphite layered structure and increase the volume and specific surface area of graphite. Further, Al4C3wasproduced by using sodium-graphite intercalation compounds and aluminum as materials. Thus, the presence of sodium plays an important role in the formation process of Al4C3in aluminum electrolysis cells.

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23

Chiu, Hsien-Tang, Yung-Lung Liu, Chih-Wei Lin, Zhi-Jian Shong, and Peir-An Tsai. "Thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of silicone rubber filled with aluminum nitride and aluminum powder." Journal of Polymer Engineering 33, no. 6 (September 1, 2013): 545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0025.

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Abstract The effects of aluminum nitride (AlN) and aluminum powder (Al) on thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of silicone rubber compounds were investigated and it was found that the thermal conductivity increased with increased fillers content. Silicone rubber filled with Al powder of 45 μm over 50 phr, exhibits higher thermal conductivity as compared to that filled with AlN powder of 4 μm at the same filler content. The results indicate that the particle size effect played a significant role on thermal conductivity. In addition, it was found that electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity increased proportionally when the Al powder content increased. In contrast, only the thermal conductivity kept increasing proportionally, but the electrical conductivity almost remained unchanged for the rubber with AlN. Furthermore, a new type of silicone rubber compound with a combination of the two fillers, comprising 100 phr of AlN powder and 50 phr of Al powder, was developed, which lead to synergistic enhancement of the thermal conductivity. The improvement in thermal stability of the new type of silicone rubber compounds enables use in high temperature environments.

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24

Lee, Gyu Chang, Myoung Gyun Kim, Joon Pyo Park, Jong Ho Kim, Ju Hee Jung, and Eung Ryul Baek. "Iron Removal in Aluminum Melts Containing Scrap by Electromagnetic Stirring." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.267.

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Excessive iron in aluminum melt produces needle-shaped beta-AlFeSi intermetallic compounds during solidification. The presence of beta-AlFeSi intermetallic compounds can be harmful in the extrusion process because of the high pressure. As a common process, those compounds change from the needle-shaped to the globular-shaped alpha-AlFeMnSi intermetallic compounds through the addition of manganese to the aluminum melt. Those phases settle down during the solidification process, and then such is cut. Note, however, that the efficiency of iron elimination is very low. Our previous study reported that EMS can help the alpha-AlFeMnSi intermetallic compounds form easier and faster and settle down at the bottom of the aluminum melt through the centrifugal force of EMS. To investigate the effect on the efficiency of iron elimination in aluminum melt scrap, EMS current, holding temperature, and time of melt as well as the ratio of manganese to iron were controlled. As a result of this study, lower holding temperature and longer holding time of aluminum melt make iron elimination in aluminum melt more efficient with induced EMS. The best efficiency of iron elimination in aluminum melt was 65.2%with EMS induced at 923k for 4 minutes.

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25

Freda, Joseph, Vandy Cavdek, and D. Gordon McDonald. "Role of Organic Complexation in the Toxicity of Aluminum to Rana pipiens Embryos and Bufo americanus Tadpoles." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-024.

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This study investigated the influence of naturally occurring organic compounds on the survival of amphibian embryos and larvae in acidic, aluminum contaminated water. A series of laboratory tests were conducted which measured aluminum toxicity in artificial soft water (ASW) diluted with varying amounts of pond water which contained dissolved organic compounds. At pH 4.5 for tadpoles of Bufo americanus and pH 4.8 for embryos of Rana pipiens, the organic compounds (DOC 5.7 to 16.2 mg∙L−1) complexed the aluminum and thus increased the LC50 for total aluminum by more than two fold. At pH 4.2, 100% ASW and the four dilutions of pond water were toxic to R. pipiens embryos (75–96% mortality), in contrast to higher pH's, aluminum ameliorated acid toxicity which resulted in a 26% reduction in mortality in 100% ASW at 250 mg∙L−1 total aluminum. Although the organic compounds in the pond water also complexed aluminum at pH 4.2, protective levels of labile aluminum [Formula: see text] were still present at 450 μg∙L−1 total aluminum. However, at a given level of labile aluminum in pH 4.2 water, pond water was more toxic to embryos than ASW. At pH 4.2, pond water without added Al was also significantly more toxic to embryos than 100% ASW with 0 μg∙L−1 Al. Toxicity tests using purified humic and fulvic acid sugested that these compounds may be the toxic agents in high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pond water.

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26

SAULS, F. C., and L. V. INTERRANTE. "ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Compounds of Aluminum as Precursors to Aluminum Nitride." ChemInform 25, no. 2 (August 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199402313.

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Knabel, Klaus, and Heinrich Nöth. "Synthesis and Structures of Some Aluminum Pseudohalides." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 60, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2005-0205.

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The reactions of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidino)aluminum bromide (tmp2AlBr) with Me3SiN3 or Me3SiCN lead to trimeric tmp2AlN3 and tmp2AlCN, respectively, while the reaction with Me3SiOCN produces the bicyclic compound [tmpCON(SiMe3)2]2′ , 3. Similarly, di(tertbutyl) aluminum bromide reacts with Me3SiCN to give tetrameric (Me3C)2AlCN, 4. The compounds (Me3C)2AlN3 and (Me3C)2AlOCN, obtained as oily products, have tetracoordinated Al atoms as shown by NMR spectroscopy, but the degree of oligomerization has not been determined.

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Martin, Heinz, and Helmut Bretinger. "Bis- und Tris(aluminium)alkan-Verbindungen, II: 1,1- und 1,2-Bis(chloro/ethylaluminium)ethan / Bis- and Tris(aluminum)alkane Compounds, II: 1,1- and 1,2-Bis(chloro/ethylaluminum)ethanes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 46, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1991-0509.

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The syntheses of bis(aluminum)ethane compounds – bis(dichloroaluminum)ethanes to chlorine free bis(diethylaluminum)ethanes 1-10 are described. The connecting ethylene between the two aluminum atoms is identified either as C2H4 (1,2–) or as CH(CH3) (1,1–). The syntheses of Cl2AlEt, ethylaluminumsesquichloride and Et2AlCl from aluminum, ethylene and AlCl3 or EtAlCl2 via bis(aluminum)ethane compounds under various conditions are presented.

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29

Ito, Shunichiro, Kazuo Tanaka, and Yoshiki Chujo. "Characterization and Photophysical Properties of a Luminescent Aluminum Hydride Complex Supported by a β-Diketiminate Ligand." Inorganics 7, no. 8 (August 17, 2019): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7080100.

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Aluminum hydrides are versatile compounds utilized as reducing agents, precursors of aluminum complexes, and as catalysts for polymerization reactions. However, their photophysical properties have been overlooked, although several luminescent aluminum complexes have been utilized conventionally for emitting layers in modern light-emitting devices. Herein, we report the synthesis and photophysical properties of a luminescent β-diketiminate dihydride complex through the reaction between lithium aluminum hydride and the corresponding ligand. The obtained compound exhibits crystallization-induced emission (CIE) properties at room temperature and long-lifetime phosphorescence at 80 K. Our experimental and theoretical investigations suggest that low-energy molecular vibration could play an important role in the realization of the CIE property.

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Laplante, François, Nicolas-Alexandre Bouchard, Patrick Dubé, Hugues Ménard, and Louis Brossard. "The adsorption of cyclohexanone on aluminum oxide hydroxide powders in relation to its electrocatalytic hydrogenation." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 81, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 1039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v03-127.

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Henry's law constants were determined for cyclohexanone adsorption onto aluminium oxide hydroxide powders by dynamic isotherm measurements using the HPLC method. The key parameters that control cyclohexanone adsorption were established. Further, it is suggested that the amount of cyclohexanone adsorbed onto aluminium oxide hydroxide compounds (AOHC) is of paramount importance for its electrocatalytic hydrogenation in the presence of composite nickelAOCH powders.Key words: adsorption isotherm, electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH), cyclohexanone, aluminum oxide hydroxide powders.

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Shinoda, Takeshi, and Shiniti Kawata. "Friction Welding of A 6061 Aluminum Alloy and S45C Carbon Steel." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.437.

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Many researches for friction welding of aluminum with either carbon steel or stainless steel have been carried out. From those results, it is concluded that the greatest problem is the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds at weld interface. However, it is not clearly demonstrated the effect of friction welding parameters on the formation of intermetallic compounds. This research purposes are to evaluate the formation of intermetallic compounds and to investigate the effect of friction welding parameters on the strength of welded joint. For these purposes, A6061 aluminum alloy and S45C carbon steel were used with a continuous drive vertical friction welding machine. Tensile test results revealed that the maximum tensile strength was achieved at extremely short friction time and high upset. The joint strength reached 92% of the tensile strength of A6061 base metal. Tensile strength of friction welding was increasing with increasing upset pressure when friction time 1sec. However, tensile properties were deteriorated with increasing friction time. It was observed that the amount of formed intermetallic compound was increasing with increasing friction time at weld interface. Partly formed intermetallic compound on weld interface were identified when friction time 1sec. However, intermetallic compound layer were severely developed with longer friction time at weld interface. It was concluded that intermetallic compound layer deteriorated the tensile properties of weld joints.

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32

Kantlehner, Willi, Erwin Haug, Oliver Scherr, Edmont V. Stoyanov, Jochen Mezger, and Georg Ziegler. "Orthoamide, LX [1]. N,N,N’,N’-Tetraformylhydrazin – ein breit anwendbares Formylierungsmittel für aromatische Verbindungen / Orthoamide, LX [1]. N,N,N’,N’-Tetraformylhydrazine – a Formylation Agent for Aromatic Compounds of Wide Scope." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 59, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2004-0402.

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KeywordsThe reagent system formed from N,N,N’,N’-tetraformylhydrazine (3) and aluminum chloride allows the formylation of aromatic compounds. The scope of the method is comparable with the Olah formylation and the Groß-Rieche procedure, since benzene and fluorobenzene can be formylated. Two formyl groups are transferred from 3 to the aromatic nuclei when a molar ratio 4:1:4 (aluminum chloride/3/aromatic compound) is chosen.

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33

Alexandrov, A. A., V. Ya Dashevskii, and L. I. Leont’ev. "Оxygen solubility in melts of Ni – Co system at complex deoxidation by aluminium and silicon." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 11 (December 23, 2019): 870–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-11-870-878.

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Alloys of Ni – Co system are widely used in industry. Oxygen is one of the harmful impurities in these alloys; in metal it is present in dissolved form or in the form of nonmetallic inclusions. Getting the finished metal with a minimum oxygen concentration is one of the main tasks of production process of these alloys. With the complex deoxidation of the metal melt, the activity of oxides resulting from the deoxidation process is less than one, due to this, with the same content of deoxidizing elements, it is possible to obtain a metal with a lower oxygen concentration, therefore, more deeply deoxidized. At joint deoxidation with two deoxidizers, a stronger deoxidizer takes a predominant part in the reaction, however, if oxides of the deoxidizing elements form chemical compounds, it contributes to participation of a weaker deoxidizer in deoxidation process. A thermodynamic analysis of the joint influence of aluminum and silicon on the solubility of oxygen in the melts of Ni – Co system has been performed. Deoxidation reaction products may be formed as mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2 ), and kyanite (Al2O3·SiO2 ). Presence of silicon in the melt enhances the deoxidizing ability of aluminum: insignificantly in the case of formation of compound 3Al2O3·2SiO2 and significantly in the case of formation of compound Al2O3·SiO2 . Oxygen solubility curves in the case of formation of compound Al2O3·SiO2 pass through a minimum, the position of which depends on the content of aluminum in the melt and doesn’t dependent on silicon content. Aluminum content in the minimum points is insignificantly reduced from nickel to cobalt as in the case of melts of Ni – Co–Al. Further additives of aluminum lead to an increase in oxygen concentration. Areas of compounds Al2O3 , 3Al2O3·2SiO2 , Al2O3·SiO2 and SiO2 depending on aluminum and silicon contents in the melt are determined. In melts of the Ni – Co system, the deoxidizing ability of aluminum and silicon increases with an increase in cobalt content in the melt. However, silicon enhances the deoxidizing ability of aluminum the weaker the higher cobalt content.

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Wang, Min, Ping Wang, Dong Xu Chang, Qian Zhang, Xin Zhang, and Guo Ping Liu. "The Study of Impact Rule of Si Element on Cu/Al Composite Interface Compounds." Advanced Materials Research 887-888 (February 2014): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.887-888.43.

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The present paper has discussed the growth inhibition role of silicon additions in Copper / Aluminum composite interface compounds. With different Si content of the aluminum composite sample after the comparison group, and interface with metallographic microscopy and by scanning electron microscopy analysis carried out and found that the Si incorporation can significantly inhibit the Copper / Aluminum interface compounds generated.

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35

Rahimzadeh, Mehrdad Rafati, Mehravar Rafati Rahimzadeh, Sohrab Kazemi, Roghayeh Jafarian Amiri, Marzieh Pirzadeh, and Ali Akbar Moghadamnia. "Aluminum Poisoning with Emphasis on Its Mechanism and Treatment of Intoxication." Emergency Medicine International 2022 (January 11, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1480553.

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Aluminum poisoning has been reported in some parts of the world. It is one of the global health problems that affect many organs. Aluminum is widely used daily by humans and industries. Residues of aluminum compounds can be found in drinking water, food, air, medicine, deodorants, cosmetics, packaging, many appliances and equipment, buildings, transportation industries, and aerospace engineering. Exposure to high levels of aluminum compounds leads to aluminum poisoning. Aluminum poisoning has complex and multidimensional effects, such as disruption or inhibition of enzymes activities, changing protein synthesis, nucleic acid function, and cell membrane permeability, preventing DNA repair, altering the stability of DNA organization, inhibition of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, inducing oxidative stress, decreasing activity of antioxidant enzymes, altering cellular iron homeostasis, and changing NF-kB, p53, and JNK pathway leading to apoptosis. Aluminum poisoning can affect blood content, musculoskeletal system, kidney, liver, and respiratory and nervous system, and the extent of poisoning can be diagnosed by assaying aluminum compounds in blood, urine, hair, nails, and sweat. Chelator agents such as deferoxamine (DFO) are used in the case of aluminum poisoning. Besides, combination therapies are recommended.

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Yakushevich, N. F., and I. V. Chuzhinova. "Thermodynamic properties of aluminum and iron compounds." Steel in Translation 37, no. 2 (February 2007): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0967091207020052.

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Lustig, Christian, and Norbert W. Mitzel. "Methylthiomethyl Compounds of Aluminum, Gallium, and Indium." Organometallics 21, no. 16 (August 2002): 3471–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om0107338.

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Cabeza, Aurelio, Miguel A. G. Aranda, Sebastian Bruque, Damodara M. Poojary, Abraham Clearfield, and Jesus Sanz. "Aluminum Phenylphosphonates: A Fertile Family of Compounds." Inorganic Chemistry 37, no. 17 (August 1998): 4168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic9802350.

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Helmig, Simone, Natalia Haibel, and Dirk Walter. "In vitro toxicity studies of aluminum compounds." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 134, no. 1 (June 26, 2018): 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7480-8.

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Isupov, V. P. "ChemInform Abstract: Intercalation Compounds of Aluminum Hydroxide." ChemInform 31, no. 32 (June 3, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200032204.

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Cheepu, Muralimohan, V. Muthupandi, and Woo Seong Che. "Improving Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Material Friction Welds." Applied Mechanics and Materials 877 (February 2018): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.877.157.

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Friction welding of stainless steel to titanium with aluminum insert metal was investigated to improve the mechanical properties of the joints. Two different methods were used to insert the aluminum as a barrier between to substrates. The process parameters were found to be different for these two methods to obtain the sound welds. The friction welds between stainless steel and titanium with aluminum insert prevented the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds in the weld interface. A new intermetallic compounds such as AlTi and Al3Ti were formed between titanium and aluminum insert metal interface which are more ductile than the FeTi and CrTi intermetallic compounds. The joints characterized that the aluminum insert metal improved the metallurgical reaction at the weld interfaces thus indicates the results of decrease in microhardness of the intermetallic compounds which have major influence on the strength of the joints. The tensile strength of the aluminum insert welds was higher than the direct joints between the stainless steel and titanium. Higher tensile properties were attained at higher upset pressure condition due to the effect of higher force upon the welded materials and the remnant narrower thickness of insert metal.

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Kantlehner, Willi, Ralf Kreß, Franziska Zschach, Jens Vetter, Georg Ziegler, Jochen Mezger, Edmont V. Stoyanov, Alain Goeppert, Jean Sommer, and Markus Wezstein. "Orthoamide, LXIII [1]. Tris(dichlormethyl)amin, ein neues breit anwendbares Formylierungsmittel für Aromaten / Orthoamides, LXIII [1]. Tris(dichloromethyl)amine, a New Formylating Reagent for Aromatic Compounds of Wide Scope." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 61, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 448–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2006-0412.

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The reagent system formed from tris(dichloromethyl)amine (5) and aluminium chloride allows the formylation of aromatic compounds. The scope of the method is comparable with that of the Olah formylation and the Groß-Rieche procedure, since benzene and even chlorobenzene can be formylated. One formyl group is transferred from 5 to the aromatic nucleus. In order to find optimal reaction conditions, the molar amounts of aromatic compounds, 5 and aluminum chloride were varied as well as reaction temperatures and solvents. The activation of 5 with other Lewis acids is also described

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Takara, Yuya, Takahiro Ozawa, and Masaki Yamaguchi. "Analysis of the elemental effects on the surface potential of aluminum alloy using machine learning." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 61, SL (June 14, 2022): SL1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac5a2a.

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Abstract Aluminum alloy contains intermetallic compounds, which contribute to the improvement of strength properties. However, when it is exposed a to a corrosive environment, the area around the compounds is dissolved preferentially, resulting in the formation of pitting corrosion. Although this dissolution reaction is presumed to be caused by the potential difference (ΔV) between the matrix and the compounds, it has not been quantitatively clarified how ΔV is generated. In this article, we present our study on the effects of the compound composition on ΔV by using the technique of machine learning. The results showed that ΔV and the elemental concentration of the compounds have a linear relationship.

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Song, Y., and A. Stark. "Characterization of Aluminum Flocs in Distribution Drinking Water Using Differential Interference Contrast (DIC), Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy (TEM & SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDXA)." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (August 1999): 600–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600016329.

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Conventional water treatment plants that use alum (aluminum sulfate) as a coagulant have been dealing with the issue of residual alum carry over from the treatment plant into the distribution system. The basic product formed whe alum is added to water is aluminum hydroxide floc. This floc grows in size and density as it captures suspended particulates and then is settled out. Smaller floc aggregates that pass through the settling process are in the most part removed by sand filtration. However due to the amphoteric characteristics and solubility properties of aluminum alon with it’s many different compounds, carry over of aluminum compounds through the filter is a phenomena that is a great concern to the water industry. These residual aluminum compounds produce small hydroxide floes that coat the inner surfaces of distribution pipes causing head loss or increased energy requirements for water pumping.In addition phosphate compounds (poly and ortho blends) have recently been added to the distribution system to reduce the leaching and corrosion of lead and copper from pipes.

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Mandley, Varinder, and Mamta Janagal. "Methodology to Reduce Casting Defects of Alluminium alloy using Post Heat Treatment." CGC International Journal of Contemporary Technology and Research 2, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46860/cgcijctr.2019.12.20.77.

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In early years with the expansion of industries and growth of technology, the usage of aluminum and its alloys is also expanding. Therefore It is additionally utilized in aviation and vehicle industries because of their low thickness, good hardness property, great mechanical properties, better consumption opposition and low coefficient of extension when compared with other metals and alloy. The initial step of assembling in the aluminum combinations begins with the throwing strategy in light of the fact that the underlying throwing structure importantly affects the achievement of thermo-mechanical properties. The initial step of manufacturing in the aluminium alloys is the casting method . The casting structure has an important effect on the success of thermo-mechanical properties. The quality of aluminum amalgams can be dictated by its size and microstructure highlights of circulation all through the throwing procedure. In this way, it is essential to characterize throwing parameters of the aluminum compounds examples for controlling the microstructure properties and throwing abandons. This paper depends on the strategy to evacuate throwing abandons and improve the hardness of the aluminum composites.

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Fujii, Kenji, Junji Sugishita, Noboru Egami, and Minoru Tabata. "Friction and Wear of Aluminum Alloys Containing Hard Phases." Journal of Tribology 117, no. 2 (April 1, 1995): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2831250.

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Adhesion energy between two surfaces containing intermetallic compounds is low, and adhesive wear is expected to be inhibited in such materials. Accordingly, the effects of intermetallic compounds have to be taken into account in the material design stage as a measure for improving wear resistance. Wear tests for specimens containing intermetallic compound phases, such as FeAl, TiAl and NiAl, were carried out under dry and lubricated conditions. The composite specimens used for the tests were fabricated by using a centrifugal casting method. In dry sliding of iron-aluminide composite materials, adhesion was mitigated and specific wear rate decreased with increases in the area fraction up to 60 percent. The titanium aluminide composite material showed the same trend of wear as that of the iron-aluminide composite materials. Under lubrication, specific wear rates increased due to the surface containing brittle intermetallic compounds. For the nickel aluminide composite material, the adhesion-inhibiting effect was remarkable. For particle reinforced metal matrix composites, friction coefficients depend on the protrusion height of alumina particles from the surface. The coefficient of friction for the surface with particles protruding was higher than that for the surface with embedded particles.

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Ding, Wanwu, Wenjun Zhao, and Tiandong Xia. "A Precipitation Phenomenon of Titanium Compounds in Aluminum Melts and the Refinement Fading Mechanism of the Al-5Ti-0.62C Master Alloy." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/430156.

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The Al-5Ti-0.62C master alloy was prepared through a method of thermal explosion in molten aluminum. The process of remelting and refining of commercially pure aluminum was conducted, and precipitation samples with different heat-treatment times were obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), and other techniques were used to analyze the microstructure of the precipitates at the bottom of the samples so as to explore the fading mechanism of Al-Ti-C alloy refinement. The results showed that an obvious precipitation phenomenon of titanium compounds existed in the remelted Al-5Ti-0.62C master alloy and that there were both TiC compounds and TiAl3compounds in the precipitates; in the refined pure aluminum samples, the precipitates were mainly TiC compounds. Precipitation of titanium compounds in aluminum melting is the main cause of fading in the refinement effect of an Al-Ti-C master alloy.

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Nemenenok, B. M., I. V. Rafalski, P. E. Lushchik, L. P. Dolgi, and A. D. Rulenkov. "Processes of salt slag recycling in aluminum production to obtain powder material with a high content of aluminum oxide phases." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 4 (January 20, 2023): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2022-4-88-96.

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The processing of salt slags in aluminum production in order to obtain a powder material with a high content of aluminum oxide phases and the results of thermodynamic assessment of the hydrolysis reactions of aluminum carbide and nitride during the hydraulic treatment of slags are discussed. It is reported that water‑soluble fluorine compounds, such as Na3AlF6, CaF2, MgF2, K2ZrF6 , in the composition of refining fluxes complicates the processing of aluminum slags, which involve leaching of salts by water. A rational solution seems to be the replacement of sparingly soluble salts in refining fluxes with sodium or potassium fluorides with a higher solubility in water. It is shown that the powder mixture obtained after hydraulic treatment of aluminum slag includes various forms of structural components in the form of films, shells, submicroand nanostructures of various morphologies with the participation of various types of nano‑components, in which the phases of non‑metallic compounds predominate, mainly ceramic substances and salts (corundum Al2O3, aluminum oxynitride Al2.85O3.45N0.55, aluminum nitride AlN, sodium chloride NaCl) and metallic aluminum. It is indicated that the possibility of forming eutectic mixtures of ceramic compounds of aluminum oxide and aluminum oxynitride, which are more fusible than pure oxides and nitrides, must be taken into account when developing salt slag recycling technologies in order to obtain ceramic powder materials with a high content of alumina phases.

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Lee, Kyung Hoon, Ji Whan Ahn, Hee Chan Cho, Kwang Suk You, Gi Chun Han, and Nam Il Um. "Encapsulation of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash to Immobilize Cu and Pb via Carbonation Reaction." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 1709–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.1709.

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Bottom ash generated from municipal solid waste incinerators in metropolitan areas contain calcium and aluminum compounds. As a result of a carbonation reaction, calcite and a calcium aluminum compound (Na6CaAl6Si6O24, Ca2Al2SiO7) as well as amorphous aluminum oxide can be found in bottom ash. Due to this, Cu and Pb leaching concentrations decrease via a carbonation process. Recently, the study of artificial carbonation reaction has been actively investigated, but most of these studies have been carried out utilizing an aqueous solution method with high water content. In this study, the carbonation reaction takes place in an aqueous environment, but does not occur on the surface of the particle. However, to cause the encapsulation of a particle with calcite, calcium aluminum compound and amorphous aluminum oxide, these must be formed on the surface of particle. Therefore in this study, a low water content encapsulation method of bottom ash from municipal solid waste incinerator was investigated with a view to immobilize Cu and Pb via a carbonation reaction. As seem in the results, the encapsulation effect appeared to be successful, with a water content of 20%.

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Nolte, Nane, Thomas Lukasczyk, and Bernd Mayer. "Investigation of the Microstructure and Properties of Aluminum–Copper Compounds Fabricated by the High-Pressure Die Casting Process." Metals 12, no. 8 (August 5, 2022): 1314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12081314.

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The material combination of aluminum and copper is increasingly coming into focus, especially for electrical contact applications. Investigations of different casting processes show that a significant influence for the formation of a material bond is the thermal impact. For high-pressure die casting (HPDC) processes, the impact is quite low, e.g., due to short cycle times. Despite the high efficiency of this technology, currently there are hardly any investigations in this respect. So, the technology was used in this study to produce aluminum–copper compounds and analyze interfacial layers by means of SEM images and EDX measurements. Furthermore, the mechanical and electrical properties of the compounds were determined by means of tensile shear tests and measurements of the electrical conductivity. By modifying specimen geometry, the thermal impact could be increased and, thus, enhanced compound properties were achieved. Overall, compounds of sufficiently high mechanical strength, as well as electrical conductivity, could be produced by HPDC processes, demonstrating the high technical and economic potential of this casting technique.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Aluminum compounds'

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