Academic literature on the topic 'Alveolar air'

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Journal articles on the topic "Alveolar air"

1

Wang, P. M., Y. Ashino, H. Ichimura, and J. Bhattacharya. "Rapid alveolar liquid removal by a novel convective mechanism." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 281, no. 6 (2001): L1327—L1334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.2001.281.6.l1327.

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Although alveoli clear liquid by active transport, the presence of surface-active material on the alveolar surface suggests that convective mechanisms for rapid liquid removal may exist. To determine such mechanisms, we held the isolated blood-perfused rat lung at a constant alveolar pressure (Pa). Under videomicroscopy, we micropunctured a single alveolus to infuse saline or Ringer solution in ∼10 adjacent alveoli. Infused alveoli were lost from view. However, as the infused liquid cleared, the alveoli reappeared and their diameters could be quantified. Hence the time-dependent determination
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2

Nunn, John F. "Alveolar Air Equations." Anesthesiology 85, no. 4 (1996): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199610000-00035.

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3

Nielson, D. W., and M. B. Lewis. "Effects of amiloride on alveolar epithelial PD and fluid composition in rabbits." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 258, no. 4 (1990): L215—L219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1990.258.4.l215.

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To look for evidence of active absorption of Na+ in the alveolus in vivo in air-filled lungs, we measured [K+] and [Cl-] in the alveolar lining fluid and the potential difference (PD) across the alveolar epithelium by puncturing alveoli in lungs of anesthetized rabbits with nonselective and ion-selective microelectrodes. After intravenous doses of amiloride, the PD and [K+] decreased (-1.0 +/- 0.3 to -0.3 +/- 0.1 mV, 7.4 +/- 1.1 to 4.2 +/- 0.4 meq/l, P less than 0.001), but [Cl-] did not change (96 +/- 9, 94 +/- 4 meq/l). In another set of experiments, the PD was measured with microelectrodes
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4

Chen, Zheng-long, Ya-zhu Chen, and Zhao-yan Hu. "A micromechanical model for estimating alveolar wall strain in mechanically ventilated edematous lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 117, no. 6 (2014): 586–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00072.2014.

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To elucidate the micromechanics of pulmonary edema has been a significant medical concern, which is beneficial to better guide ventilator settings in clinical practice. In this paper, we present an adjoining two-alveoli model to quantitatively estimate strain and stress of alveolar walls in mechanically ventilated edematous lungs. The model takes into account the geometry of the alveolus, the effect of surface tension, the length-tension properties of parenchyma tissue, and the change in thickness of the alveolar wall. On the one hand, our model supports experimental findings (Perlman CE, Lede
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5

Raj, J. U., R. L. Conhaim, and J. Bhattacharya. "Micropuncture measurement of alveolar liquid pressure in excised dog lung lobes." Journal of Applied Physiology 62, no. 2 (1987): 781–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.2.781.

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We have investigated the mechanism of alveolar liquid filling in pulmonary edema. We excised, degassed, and intrabronchially filled 14 dog lung lobes from nine dogs with 75, 150, 225, or 350 ml of 5% albumin solution, and then air inflated the lobes to a constant airway pressure of 25 cmH2O. By use of micropipettes, we punctured subpleural alveoli to measure alveolar liquid pressure by the servo-null technique. Alveolar liquid pressure was constant in all lobes despite differences in lobe liquid volume and averaged 10.6 +/- 1.3 cmH2O. Thus, in all lobes a constant pressure drop of 14.4 cmH2O e
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6

Conhaim, R. L. "Airway level at which edema liquid enters the air space of isolated dog lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 67, no. 6 (1989): 2234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.6.2234.

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To identify lung units associated with liquid leakage into the air space in high-pressure pulmonary edema, we perfused air-inflated dog lung lobes with albumin solution to fill the loose peribronchovascular interstitium. Next, we perfused the lobes for 90 s with fluorescent albumin solution then froze the lobes in liquid nitrogen. This procedure confined the fluorescent perfusate to the liquid flux pathway between the circulation and the air space and eliminated the previously filled peribronchovascular cuffs as a source of the fluorescence that entered the air space. We divided each frozen lo
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7

Ochs, Matthias, Jan Hegermann, Elena Lopez-Rodriguez, et al. "On Top of the Alveolar Epithelium: Surfactant and the Glycocalyx." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (2020): 3075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093075.

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Gas exchange in the lung takes place via the air-blood barrier in the septal walls of alveoli. The tissue elements that oxygen molecules have to cross are the alveolar epithelium, the interstitium and the capillary endothelium. The epithelium that lines the alveolar surface is covered by a thin and continuous liquid lining layer. Pulmonary surfactant acts at this air-liquid interface. By virtue of its biophysical and immunomodulatory functions, surfactant keeps alveoli open, dry and clean. What needs to be added to this picture is the glycocalyx of the alveolar epithelium. Here, we briefly rev
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8

van den Velde, Sandra, Marc Quirynen, Paul van Hee, and Daniel van Steenberghe. "Differences between Alveolar Air and Mouth Air." Analytical Chemistry 79, no. 9 (2007): 3425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac062009a.

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9

Porzionato, Andrea, Diego Guidolin, Veronica Macchi, et al. "Fractal analysis of alveolarization in hyperoxia-induced rat models of bronchopulmonary dysplasia." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 310, no. 7 (2016): L680—L688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00231.2015.

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No papers are available about potentiality of fractal analysis in quantitative assessment of alveolarization in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Thus, we here performed a comparative analysis between fractal [fractal dimension ( D) and lacunarity] and stereological [mean linear intercept ( Lm), total volume of alveolar air spaces, total number of alveoli, mean alveolar volume, total volume and surface area of alveolar septa, and mean alveolar septal thickness] parameters in experimental hyperoxia-induced models of BPD. At birth, rats were distributed between the following groups: 1) rats rais
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10

Denny, E., and R. C. Schroter. "The Mechanical Behavior of a Mammalian Lung Alveolar Duct Model." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 117, no. 3 (1995): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2794178.

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A model for the mechanical properties of an alveolar duct is analyzed using the finite element method. Its geometry comprises an assemblage of truncated octahedral alveoli surrounding a longitudinal air duct. The amounts and distributions of elastin and collagen fiber bundles, modeled by separate stress-strain laws, are based upon published data for dogs. The surface tension of the air-liquid interface is modeled using an area-dependent relationship. Pressure-volume curves are computed that compare well with experimental data for both saline-filled and air-filled lungs. Pressure-volume curves
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