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Academic literature on the topic 'Amarrage moléculaire'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Amarrage moléculaire"
Derevyanko, Georgy. "Structure-based algorithms for protein-protein interactions." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY070/document.
Full textThe phenotype of every known living organism is determined mainly by the complicated interactions between the proteins produced in this organism. Understanding the orchestration of the organismal responses to the external or internal stimuli is based on the understanding of the interactions of individual proteins and their complexes structures. The prediction of a complex of two or more proteins is the problem of the protein-protein docking field. Docking algorithms usually have two major steps: exhaustive 6D rigid-body search followed by the scoring. In this work we made contribution to both of these steps. We developed a novel algorithm for 6D exhaustive search, HermiteFit. It is based on Hermite decomposition of 3D functions into the Hermite basis. We implemented this algorithm in the program for fitting low-resolution electron density maps. We showed that it outperforms existing algorithms in terms of time-per-point while maintaining the same output model accuracy. We also developed a novel approach to computation of a scoring function, which is based on simple logical arguments and avoids an ambiguous computation of the reference state. We compared it to the existing scoring functions on the widely used protein-protein docking benchmarks. Finally, we developed an approach to include water-protein interactions into the scoring functions and validated our method during the Critical Assessment of Protein Interactions round 47
Ortega, Varga Laura. "Innovative inhibition strategy against functional structural transitions of essential pathogenic factors : Computational applications to Malarial and Neurotransmitter targets." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS455.
Full textThis PhD project describes the design of inhibitors of two essential malaria enzymes and of novel modulators of specific nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Plasmodium vivax subtilase SUB1 is required for parasite egress. We focused our efforts on the design of reversible covalent inhibitors of PvSUB1. We performed covalent docking of potential peptide and peptidomimetic candidates and studied peptide cyclization. Several peptides have shown activity in the submicromolar range and could be resolved after co-crystalization. Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase is critical for parasite metabolism. We targeted it by design on the basis of inhibitory cofactor analogs. We have built a combinatorial library aiming to bridge the cofactor and the substrate binding site, while avoiding affecting the human isoenzymes. We screened it in silico and selected about fifty molecules that are under synthesis for ex vivo testing. We also targeted α5 subunit containing nAChRs to address addiction. A multidisciplinary approach has been established. It uses an AChBP engineered chimera, which structure was solved in complex with the first known 5 ligands. This structure, and two comparative modeling models were used to perform in silico screening. A cation-π interaction definition was introduced in the FlexX software and side chain flexibility was allowed in the binding site. An interactive pipeline was developed for the analysis of the virtual screening results and hit molecules have been confirmed by STD-NMR experiments. Deep neural networks models were also built to assess on- and off-target bioactivity prediction in a panel of nAChRs and putative off-targets
Schweke, Hugo. "Développement d’une méthode in silico pour caractériser le potentiel d’interaction des surfaces protéiques dans un environnement encombré." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS554.
Full textIn the crowded cell, proteins interact with their functional partners, but also with a large number of non-functional partners that compete with the functional ones. The goal of this thesis is to characterize the physical properties and the evolution of protein surfaces in order to understand how selection pressure exerts on proteins, shaping their interactions and regulating this severe competition.To do this I developed a framework based on docking calculations to characterize the propensity of protein surfaces to interact with other proteins. Molecular cartography enables the visualization and the comparison of surface properties of proteins. I implemented a new theoretical framework based on the representation of interaction energy landscapes by 2-D energy maps. These maps reflect in a synthetic manner the propensity of the surface of proteins to interact with other proteins. These maps are useful from a practical point view for determining the regions of protein’s surface that are more prone to interact with other proteins. Our new theoretical framework enabled to show that the surface of proteins harbor regions with different levels of propensity to interact with other proteins (hot regions, intermediate and cold regions to favorable, intermediate and unfavorable regions respectively).A large part of this thesis work consisted in characterizing the physico-chemical properties and the evolution of these regions. The other part of this thesis work consisted in applying this methodology on several study systems: homomeric complexes, cytosolic proteins from S. cerevisiae, families of interologs. This work opens the way to numerous practical applications in structural bioinformatics, such as binding site prediction, functional annotation and the design of new interactions.To conclude, the strategy implemented in this work enable the exploration of the propensity of a protein to interact with hundred of protein partners. It thus enables the investigation of the behavior of a protein in a crowded environment. This application goes beyond the classical use of protein docking as a, because our strategy provides a systemic point of view of protein interactions at an atomic resolution
Rieux, Charlotte. "Etude des ADN glycosylases de la superfamille structurale Fpg/Nei par modélisation moléculaire, de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques potentielles dans les stratégies anti-cancer." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2023/document.
Full textThe DNA, genetic information support, is frequently damaged by physical or chemical agents from endogenous (cell metabolism) and exogenous (UV, ionizing radiations, chemicals) factors whose effects are genotoxic. These deleterious DNA structural alterations are removed by many DNA repair mechanisms. Among them, the base excision repair (BER) is initiated by DNA glycosylases which recognize and remove damaged bases. In some anti-cancer strategies, the use of chemo- and radiotherapy is aimed to cancerous cells destruction by altering their DNA. In that specific context, DNA glycosylases repair the DNA of treated cells and induce unwanted resistance to treatments, making these enzymes interesting therapeutic targets. The purpose of this work is to deepen the repair mechanism knowledge of Fpg/Nei structural superfamily of DNA glycosylases using molecular modeling and designing inhibitors of these enzymes. Molecular dynamic simulations allowed us to study the « Lesion Capping Loop » (LCL) and to associate its role to substrate stabilization in the enzyme active site. We also studied some possible excision’s product release pathways and LCL implication in this phenomena by targeted molecular dynamic simulations (TMD-1). Furthermore, molecular dynamic simulations coupled to a blind molecular docking protocol allowed us to identify 2 possible main binding sites of potential inhibitiors. One of these binding sites corresponding to the hNEIL1 active site has been the object of a virtual screening of the Greenpharma database. This allowed us to identify potential inhibitors whom effects will be soon tested in vitro on the humain protein hNEIL1
Boyer, Benjamin. "Heligeom : a multiscale approach to studying biomolecular helical assemblies with an application to RecA fillaments." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066579/document.
Full textRecent progress in methods for low resolution structural determination (electron microscopy, small angle neutron or X-ray scattering) and 3D cell imaging reveal the importance of supramolecular assemblies in the cell function. These structures are presently out of the reach of classical molecular modeling methods, which are limited to the study of medium size assemblies. We propose a multi-scale approach called Heligeom, based on the screw representation of movements, which enables linking the atomic scale to the scale of large assemblies. This approach builds on the property of molecular assemblies to self-organize into a large variety of geometric motifs such as helices, rings of linear filaments. Coupled to the exploration of protein-protein assembly modes using docking or Monte Carlo simulations, this approach allows identifying and combining such motifs. Application of Heligeom to study the filaments of RecA, a member of the recombinase protein family, shed new light on the modes of RecA self-association and the diversity of corresponding geometries, as well as the structural consequences of introducing irregularities in these oligomers. The Heligeom suite of computational tools is freely available in the PTools library
Bessadok, Anis. "La multiplicité de transport de la P-glycoprotéine : Etudes de modélisation comparative et de docking au sein de la famille des protéines ABC." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00711662.
Full textCisse, Cheickna. "Etude structurale des aptamères peptidiques anti-Fur et de leur interaction avec leur cible." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00846781.
Full textNader, Serge. "Etudes structurales des mécanismes d'inhibition, d'oligomérisation et de liaison à l'ADN du régulateur de transcription Fur : des simulations in silico aux tests biologiques in vitro." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAV037/document.
Full textThe most commonly prescribed drugs in human medicine are antibiotics. Since their discovery, they have drastically impacted the way we treat infections. However, a bacterium eventually becomes resistant to antimicrobial treatment through the natural process of adaptative evolution. Even if resistant bacteria are omnipresent in the biosphere, their emergence rate is accelerated by the misuse of antimicrobial agents leading to the public health threat we are facing now. As currently available antimicrobial agents lose their effectiveness and very few new drugs are being developed, a breakthrough in new strategies to fight pathogens should be a priority. Ideal new therapeutic targets should exert weak evolutionary pressure, disarm or weaken the pathogen and be unique to microorganisms. One way to do so is by interfering with the iron regulation and its homeostasis within Bacteria. The bioavailability of iron strongly influenced early life and the metabolic strategies that sustained it. A central iron sensing mechanism evolved to ensure the regulation of such an important element. Sadly for bacteria this sensor became an exploitable weakness in our battle against infection. The “Ferric Uptake Regulator” is a metal dependent transcription regulator with a large regulatory network controlling iron homeostasis and bacterial virulence. This work continues previous investigations on Fur inhibitors using a combined experimental and theoretical approach by performing XAS, SAXS and MALLS experiments together with computer simulations. We describe for the first time the structures of Fur from E. coli in addition to a tetrameric Fur structure of a mutant from P. aeruginosa. Moreover, free energy profiles of Fur proteins, as tetramers or dimers bound to DNA, from different species were generated and key residues involved in the interactions determined, providing mechanistic insights into Fur complexes. The structural information gathered from this work will be used to better understand inhibition mechanisms of Fur proteins providing new opportunities to overcome drug development challenges
Kravchenko, Anna. "Fragment-based modelling of protein-RNA complexes for protein design." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0370.
Full textProtein-RNA complexes play crucial roles in cell regulation. Predicting their 3D structure has applications in protein design and drug development. The ITN project RNAct aimed to combine experimental and computational methods to design new "RNA recognition motifs" (RRM) - protein domains interacting with single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) - for applications in synthetic biology and bioanalysis. Modelling protein-ssRNA complexes (docking) is an arduous task due to the flexibility of ssRNA, which lacks a proper structure in its free form. Traditional docking methods sample the relative positions (poses) of 2 molecular structures and score them to select the correct (near-native) ones. It is not directly applicable here due to the absence of free ssRNA structures, nor is deep learning due to the too low number of known structures for training. Fragment-based docking (FBD), the state-of-the-art approach for ssRNA, docks all possible conformations of RNA fragments onto a protein and assembles their best-scored poses combinatorially. ssRNA'TTRACT, our FBD method, uses the well-known ATTRACT docking software, with its coarse-grained representation that replaces atom groups by one bead. Yet the RNA-protein parameters of ATTRACT scoring function (ASF) are not ssRNA-specific and require optimisation. Additionally, RRM-specific features can be learned and used to guide the docking. With my colleague H. Dhondge, we have developed a data-driven FBD pipeline for RRM-ssRNA complexes, as an updated version of an existing strategy. RRMs have two aromatic amino acids (aa) in conserved positions, each stacking with a nucleotide of the bound ssRNA. H. Dhondge collected all known RRM-ssRNA structures with such stacking and clustered them to obtain a set of prototypes for the 3D coordinates of such interactions in RRM. I then set up a docking pipeline with as input the RRM and RNA sequences and the identification of the stacked nucleotides. The pipeline retrieves the RRM structure from AlphaFoldDB, identifies possible 3D positions of the stacked nucleotides and runs ssRNA'TTRACT with maximal distance restraints toward each position. In parallel, we addressed the weakness of ASF for ssRNA by deriving HIPPO (HIstogram-based Pseudo-POtential), a new scoring potential for ATTRACT poses of ssRNA on RRM, based on the frequency of bead-bead distances in near-native versus wrong poses. It combines 4 distinct parameter sets (four Η) into a consensus scoring, to better account for the diverse RRM-ssRNA binding modes. Tested in a leave-one-out approach, HIPPO reaches a 3-fold enrichment of near-natives in 20% top-scored poses for ½ of the ssRNA fragments, versus ¼ with ASF. It even reaches a 4-fold enrichment for ⅓ of the fragments, versus 7% of the fragments with ASF. Surprisingly, HIPPO performed better than ASF also on a benchmark of non-RRM proteins, while trained only on RRMs. Most FBD approaches encounter inherent scoring issues, probably due to some fragments binding more specifically/strongly than others. To address this point, we examined the best-scored fragment per complex and found that HIPPO consistently selects more near-natives than ASF for this fragment. This inspired an incremental docking approach: the top-ranked poses of one fragment are used as a starting point to build a full RNA chain incrementally. This strategy eliminates the need for known conserved contacts, which have been required so far to obtain accurate models, making it generalizable to non-RRM proteins. Future research aims to identify the best-performing Η for each fragment, potentially using (deep) machine learning. Our workflow to derive scoring parameters is in principle applicable to any protein/ligand type and we plan to expand it to other RNA-binding protein domains, as well as ssDNA and long peptides
Chevrollier, Nicolas. "Développement et application d’une approche de docking par fragments pour modéliser les interactions entre protéines et ARN simple-brin." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS106/document.
Full textRNA-protein interactions mediate numerous fundamental cellular processes. Atomic scale details of these interactions shed light on their functions but can also allow the rational design of ligands that could modulate them. NMR and X-ray crystallography are the 2 main techniques used to resolve 3D highresolution structures between two interacting molecules. Docking approaches can also be utilized to give models as an alternative. However, the application of these approaches to RNA-protein complexes is hampered by an issue. RNA-protein interactions often relies on the specific recognition of a short singlestranded RNA (ssRNA) sequence by the protein. The inherent flexibility of the ssRNA segment would impose, in a classical docking approach, to explore their resulting large conformation space which is not computationally reliable. The goal of this project is to overcome this barrier by using a fragment-based docking approach. This approach developed from some of the most represented RNA-binding domains showed excellent results in the prediction of the ssRNA-protein binding mode from the RNA sequence and also a great potential to predict preferential RNA binding sequences