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1
Valeriani, Simona. "Lovers, Gentlemen and Farmers." Nuncius 31, no. 3 (2016): 584–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03103003.
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This article takes as a starting point amateur architects in 17th-century England. It considers architectural writings including Henry Wotton’s Elements of Architecture (1624), Sir Balthasar Gerbier’s Councel and Advice to All Builders (1663) as well as Sir Roger Pratt’s and Sir Roger North’s notes on architecture and several building manuals. It enquires into the different kinds of knowledge and professional figures associated with architecture in the period. The paper scrutinizes how being a lover of architecture influenced the actors’ approach to other branches of knowledge such as garden design and agriculture. Did being an amateur shape the way in which one went about apparently more trivial aspects of life such as managing one’s estate? Comparing Roger Pratt’s unpublished notes with other contemporary sources on agriculture and estate management, it provides an insight into distinctive ways in which “amateurs” approached the subject.
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Walker, James Faure. "On Not Being Able to Draw a Mousetrap." International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics 2, no. 1 (January 2011): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcicg.2011010106.
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A hundred years ago officers entering the Royal Navy took an exam where they had to draw a mouse-trap. At the time there was much discussion, and some despair, about competence, and about teaching. For amateurs, drawing manuals provided instructions on how to render a still life in 3D, or draw a running figure, tasks that would now be effortless given current software. Today much debate about drawing, its purpose, and about ‘digital drawing’, and de-skilling. Graphics programs are designed for ‘realism’. But contemporary drawing looks in the opposite direction: into the processes of drawing; the expressive mark; and the structure and character of the line. Those who deal with the evolving gadgetry of digital drawing have had to contend both with unhelpful software, and with an art world that has yet to realise the scope of this new visual universe.
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Sela, Sarig. "Guidelines for Improvising Divisions, Based on Sixteenth-Century Treatises, Statistical Evidence, and a Novel Categorization." Historical Performance 3, no. 1 (2022): 47–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/hpf.2022.a890447.
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Abstract: Division ornamentation practice (DOP) was an essential and common tool for sixteenth-century performers to express their individual interpretations of familiar compositions. In this paper, I examine the manuals that describe DOP and advised both amateurs and professionals on how to acquire it. By using computational and statistical tools on Bassano's corpus of divisions, the advice given in all the manuals is tested, analyzed and clarified. It was discovered that Bassano did in fact follow most of this advice. To help the modern performer develop skill in DOP, additional general compositional features are discussed, such as whether figurations have an affinity with the original composition and whether the melodic-interval model of ornamentation can explain the bastarda division style. The overall impression of the analysis suggests that the sixteenth-century sources for DOP are too simplified to capture the complexity of the division compositions. Therefore, a first step toward a new categorization system for DOP is proposed, by using a higher level of ornamentation building blocks called mid-level units. I derived from the Bassano corpus seven mid-level units (straight line, wavy line, melodic sequence, rhythmic alterations, arpeggio, expressive, and original melody imitation) . Each unit represent an "idea" that can be implemented in DOP. The new categorization system is inspired by a novel approach to the study of improvisation in jazz solos.
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Pereverzeva, Marina V., and Anna A. Davydova. "History of Piano Technique Development: Methodical Aspect." Uchenye Zapiski RGSU 20, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2071-5323-2021-20-1-181-188.
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The history of the development of piano technique has been counting down since the 17th century. The most common keyboard instruments before the invention of the piano were the harpsichord, clavicord and organ. These early instruments had much lighter keys compared to modern ones. Therefore, performers could easily press the keys without feeling much resistance. With the advent of the piano, both the playing technique and the training technique for professional pianists and amateurs began to be reviewed. Musicians, summarizing their own performing experience, wrote treatises, textbooks and manuals, looking for the most effective method of mastering the technique of playing the keyboard instrument. In history, there are two schools of piano technique: the so-called school of “high lifting of fingers” and “playing with all the weight of the hand”. This work is devoted to the history of the development of these schools and methodological approaches to piano training. The views on piano technique that developed in the 18th–20th centuries, which were reflected in the textbooks of pianistsperformers and teachers, help to understand how to perform music of a particular period and what finger technique to use for a perfect interpretation of piano works of the past.
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Sengupta, Rakesh. "Writing from the Margins of Media: Screenwriting Practice and Discourse During the First Indian Talkies." BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies 9, no. 2 (December 2018): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974927618813480.
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This article is an attempt to rethink the intermedial practice and discourse of screenwriting during the first Indian talkies through a study of the margins of print, theatre and film history. I engage with the unfortunate archival absence of film scripts from the early years as a heuristic rather than a handicap, employing intermediality both as an archaeological and a conceptual tool in reconstituting screenwriting as a converged media practice. I argue that the widespread circulation of screenwriting manuals for amateurs constituted a pedagogical infrastructure separate from, but parallel to, the other infrastructural flow of ideas and professionals from the Parsi theatre into the film industry. The autobiographical accounts of some of the first playwright-turned-screenwriters bear testimony to the spaces they negotiated for themselves in the talkies after a successful stint with the Parsi stage. These memoirs form an interesting counterpoint to the testimonies of another group of screenwriters from the Indian Cinematograph Committee evidences (1927–1928) in which these writers express great apathy towards the practice in the Indian studios and declare their freelancing associations with Hollywood studios which solicited story ideas from viewers worldwide.
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Kozlov, A. E. "A Discussion on Chess in Russian Criticism of the 1850s and 1860s." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 21, no. 6 (June 20, 2022): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2022-21-6-138-148.
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Purpose. The article aims to consider the public evaluation of chess and attitude toward this game from the perspective of aesthetic disputes of the 1850s (based on the materials from magazines “Sovremennik”, “Otechestvennye zapiski”, “Russkoe slovo”).Results. The popularization of chess in Russian periodicals such as magazines coincided with socio-cultural changes: the opening of the first society of chess amateurs in St. Petersburg, the publication of many manuals and tutorials, including those written by Russian masters. The key role in the popularization of the chess game was played by the patron of society G. A. Kushelev-Bezborodko, who also supported the appearance of a special supplement in the “Russkoe slovo” magazine. The article deals with the attacks of the satirical weekly magazine “Iskra” on the Chess sheet. Concluding this assault, the “Iskra” columnist Vasiliy Kurochkin quoted poetry by Nickolay Nekrasov “No time for chess, No time for songs”.Conclusion. The article attempts to include local episode from the history of literary struggle in a broader context associated with both the configurations of the reader's and writer's everyday life, and the aesthetic disputes of the era. For the liberal critics of 1850, chess became the center of aesthetic theory, allowing the confrontation between geniuses and talents, for the radical commoners, game became an everyday phenomenon using at leisure.
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Mezinski, Zenon. "L’arbre de la Raison – La fabrique d’un motif pictural au début du XIXe siècle." RACAR : Revue d'art canadienne 40, no. 1 (August 27, 2015): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1032756ar.
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The nineteenth century witnessed the rise of a specialized body of writing that ascribed a central place to the tree as object of knowledge and that contributed to the development of a pictorial motif that I call the “tree of Reason” (“l’arbre de la Raison”). Appearing in Europe in the early nineteenth century, the first “landscape lessons” aimed at beginner artists and amateurs rested on a new pedagogy that promised the reader and student quick results, regardless of their artistic talent. Their approach was based on an extreme form of rationalisation and simplification, which followed from the theoretical and aesthetic principles of Neoclassicism. Behind the word “landscape” (paysage) found in the titles of these successful manuals lay the motif of the tree, which constituted their main subject. This article begins with an examination of Principes raisonnés du paysage, published in 1804 by Nicolas-Alphonse Michel Mandevare, and analyzes the drawing method that it proposes. Regarded as the result of a construction, of an arrangement of its different parts, this “tree of Reason” highlights the end of a big artistic cycle, which was paradoxically to have little influence on the tenets of modern landscape that took hold in the 1830s. This rationalistic and reasoned practice thus ended in an impasse, in which both tree and landscape became petrified in a set of codified rules and references.
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Ploderer, Bernd, and Tuck Wah Leong. "Manual engagement and automation in amateur photography." Media International Australia 166, no. 1 (November 10, 2017): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x17738829.
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Automation has been central to the development of modern photography and, in the age of digital and smartphone photography, now largely defines everyday experience of the photographic process. In this article, we question the acceptance of automation as the default position for photography, arguing that discussions of automation need to move beyond binary concerns of whether to automate or not and, instead, to consider what is being automated and the degree of automation couched within the particularities of people’s practices. We base this upon findings from ethnographic fieldwork with people engaging manually with film-based photography. While automation liberates people from having to interact with various processes of photography, participants in our study reported a greater sense of control, richer experiences and opportunities for experimentation when they were able to engage manually with photographic processes.
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Avdeeva, Vera V. "METHODOLOGICAL MANUALS OF THE 1960-1980S AS A REFLECTION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE N.K. KRUPSKAYA EXTRAMURAL PEOPLE UNIVERSITY OF ARTS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies, no. 1 (2024): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6401-2024-1-139-153.
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The article considers and analyzes the general aspects of educational methods at the N.K. Krupskaya Extramural People University of Arts (ZNUI) in the 1960s–1980s, which proves the specifics of the basic principles of interaction between teacher and student. In the published manuals of that time, the emphasis is placed on a number of substantial guidelines for teaching amateur artists: educational and methodological issues, and questions of artistic education in the basics of visual theory and practice. The main teaching aids developed specifically for amateur artists are: for the first period “Creative work of an amateur artist” (1961), and a guide for amateur artists “Drawing and Painting” by Yu.G. Aksenov, R.M. Zakin, E.M. Sonnenstral, F.M. Krieger, G.E. Tarasevich (2 vols, 1961), for the second period “Training and Creative Work” by R.M. Zakin (1965) and “Design Artist. A Guide for Amateur Artists” by G.E. Tarasevich, V. Grokhotov, E. Pavlinova (1966), for the final third period the tutorials are produced, namely the textbook “Perspective” by E.A. Aksenova and Yu.G. Aksenov (1974) and a practical guide to drawing and painting “Color and Line” by M. Levidov and Yu.G. Aksenov (1976). All analyzed manuals were compiled by a team of teachers from the Faculty of Drawing and Painting of the University.
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Petersen, C. E. "Insect Life:A Field Entomology Manual for the Amateur Naturalist." Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 33, no. 3 (September 1, 1987): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/besa/33.3.201.
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Rojas-Valverde, Daniel, and Diego Ruiz-Yanarella. "Orthopedic manipulative therapeutic approach of costochondral pain after combined strenuous endurance exercise: a case report." Revista Terapéutica 16, no. 1 (January 28, 2022): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33967/rt.v16i1.154.
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The purpose of this case study was to present the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic treatment based on manual orthopedic techniques in an amateur athlete with costochondritis due to physical strenuous exercise. A 31 years old experienced, well-trained, endurance amateur athlete presented chest pain suggesting costochondritis after physical and kinetic examination. Patient reported to present pain after physical effort in the last two weeks (combination of mountain biking, route cycling, running, swimming and yoga). Manual therapy including techniques as resonant oscillation mobilization of the thoracic region, Lewit´s post-isometric relaxation and sliding of the right humeral head, cervico-thoracic high speed technique mobilization, active-assisted mobilization of 7th to 10th ribs during expiratory phase, superficial myofascial induction in lower costal area and, muscle power technique, is effective to relieve pain increase mobility of cervical rotation, increase mobility of glenohumeral joint (e.g., internal rotation), in an amateur athlete with costochondritis due to physical strenuous exercise.
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Frahm, Jan-Peter, TAMAS POCS, BRIAN O´SHEA, TIMO KOPONEN, SINIKKA PIIPPO, JOHANNES ENROTH, PENGCHENG RAO, and YIN-MING FANG. "Manual of Tropical Bryology." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 23, no. 1 (August 20, 2003): 1–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.23.1.1.
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It is still a fact that most bryologists per area are found in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, who have spent up to 200 years (as in Europe) in the exploration of their bryofloras with the result that these countries have not only floras for identification of the comparably low number of species but some countries have already detailed grid maps of the distribution of all species. On the other hand, there are vast regions in the tropics which are very insufficiently explored. So far, the knowledge of bryophytes in these regions was predominantly provided by scientists from North America, Europe or Japan. Still much work is done by scientists and - during the past decades also increasingly - even by advanced amateurs from these countries. Regretably, these activities are often misunderstood by local biologists in the tropics and especially by the authorities of these states as scientific exploitation, and recently collecting of material for genetic studies as plundering of genetic ressources, which is nonsense but makes research difficult or even impossible in such countries. In this regard, the question raises why there are so few bryologists in tropical countries and even no bryologists in many countries? Usually, the lack of ressources such as laboratories, money, libraries, herbaria etc. is presented as arguments, which does not match the point, since many bryologists in industrial countries suffer from similar restrictions and sometimes have worth working consitions than colleagues in tropical countries, but make nevertheless valuable contributions to tropical bryology. Even amateurs have contributed a lot to tropical bryology in the past. The fewest bryologists work in such famous places as Missouri or New York Botanical Garden. Many of them are from eastern, former communistic countries and never gave up to promote tropical bryology under these conditions. In my opinion, the most crucial point is that students in tropical countries get not in contact with bryophytes, and mainly because of the lack of literature. Nobody can expect that students pick up a subject for their thesis if there is no literature available. This manual is therefore devoted to these students. Possibilities to gain a bryological training in industrial countries and paid by these countries were used only by few students, although available. And if these students do not come to us, we have to go to them (which is even cheaper). This is the reason for the increased number of courses on tropical bryology in the past.
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Perry, Rachel E. "Paint Boldly!: Dubuffet's DIY Manual." October 154 (October 2015): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00238.
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In 1948, Jean Dubuffet wrote a thirty-one-page pamphlet entitled Peinturez hardi (Paint boldly!) for his unrealized Almanach de l'art brut. Divided into twelve monthly installments, this “treatise on the techniques of painting” reads like a how-to manual, presenting concise, straightforward guidelines for what materials to use and how to use them. As a practical guide for the amateur, it inventories and evaluates products on the market (much like an issue of Consumer Reports) and then offers more economical, do-it-yourself recipes for the “common man.” Drawing largely from the techniques and materials of house painting, Dubuffet aligns himself with the worker as opposed to the professional artist and insists upon art as labor. As yet unpublished, Peinturez hardi underscores materiality as absolutely central to Dubuffet's understanding of what art brut is and how it differentiates itself from arts culturels.
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Zope, Prachi J., and Namrata Kadam. "Efficacy of Cryo-compression on Shin Splints in Female Amateur Marathon Runners." International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research 10, no. 5 (October 11, 2022): 4358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2022.155.
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Background: Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) or Shin splints is exercise-induced lower leg pain along the distal posterior-medial aspect of tibia caused by repetitive loading stress during running and jumping. It is one of the most common lower leg sports injury. Cryotherapy is the most commonly used treatment during immediate care of athletic injuries and acute soft tissue injuries and is also included as part of RICE (rest, ice, compression and elevation). Cryotherapy is helpful in reducing swelling as well as it exerts analgesic effect. The external compression is also used during immediate care phase and it helps in decrease tissue temperature and prevent oedema formation. Cryotherapy in combination with intermittent pneumatic compression hypothetically help in reducing the physiologic effects of traumatic tissue damage which is based on the models of cryotherapy and static compression therapy. This study aims to establish the efficacy of cryo-compression on shin splints in female amateur marathon runners. Methods: A total 30 subjects diagnosed with shin splints were selected for study. Subjects received cryo-compression for reducing pain and swelling and exercises to strengthen the muscles. Each session was conducted for 45 minutes duration, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Outcome measure used was Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Goniometry for ROM and Manual muscle testing (MMT). Results: According to statistical analysis, the results of the study demonstrate that there was a significant effect of the use of cryo-compression on numerical pain rating scale (p<0.0001), range of motion (ankle plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, eversion and inversion) (p<0.0001), manual muscle testing – ankle plantarflexors (p=0.0028) and ankle dorsiflexors (p<0.0001) during the pre and post intervention assessment. Conclusion: The conducted study shows that efficacy of cryo-compression on shin splints in female amateur marathon runners is very effective in reducing pain, increasing range of motion (ROM) and strength of muscles along with other treatment program. KEYWORDS: Cryo-compression, shin splints, numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), range of motion, ankle plantarflexion, ankle dorsiflexion, ankle eversion, ankle inversion, manual muscle testing, ankle plantarflexors, ankle dorsiflexors.
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Discombe, Russell M., and Stewart T. Cotterill. "Eye tracking in sport: A guide for new and aspiring researchers." Sport & Exercise Psychology Review 11, no. 2 (September 2015): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpssepr.2015.11.2.49.
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Eye tracking offers significant potential for applied practice and research across a broad range of domains, and specifically for sport and exercise psychology. New technology offers exciting opportunity to explore the vision and gaze behaviours of both elite and amateur athlete in situ. When researchers begin eye tracking, however, they encounter an array of daunting books, manuscripts and instruction manuals that comprise difficult terminology, complex statistical equations and confusing figures. In this article, we introduce you to eye tracking application within sport and exercise (aimed at undergraduate and postgraduate students). We offer advice and solutions to some of the barriers that exist, and the basic knowledge needed so that you can confidently start the research process.
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Rižnar, Matej, Darko Valenko, Marjan Golob, and Nenad Muškinja. "Optimized Diving Velocity and Depth Control for Diver's Automatic Buoyancy Control Device." Marine Technology Society Journal 49, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.49.1.11.
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AbstractIn this article, the design and multiobjective optimization of a non-model-based proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control system for diver's buoyancy control device (BCD) is presented. Changing and maintaining depth is an essential task in diving, for which the diver typically uses manual control of two pneumatic valves. An effective automatic control of the BCD can be beneficial in specific diving circumstances; i.e., in amateur diving, safety stop procedures, automatic ascending in case of critical life functions of the diver, poor visibility, when both of the diver's hands are required for other tasks, etc. In addition to multiple control problems caused by internal nonlinear dynamics of the BCD hardware, three main control aspects were considered: position or depth of the BCD; vertical, meaning the ascending or descending velocity of the BCD; and air supply consumption. From that, we examined and implemented a combined depth and vertical velocity control, which was configured as a cascaded controller setup with outer depth and inner vertical velocity control loops. Such controller setup could easily implement the specified limitations of the BCD's vertical velocity, which are critical for proper decompression procedure while the diver is ascending. In a simulation environment the optimization of the controller parameters was achieved with a differential evolution global optimum search algorithm. Obtained results were then compared to a manually driven BCD in a simulated environment.
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Misiura, Victoriia B., Larysa A. Ruban, Oleksii H. Honcharov, Pavlo B. Yefimenko, and Andriy V. Litovchenko. "The results of the corrective rehabilitation program on the gait of amateur athletes with long-term consequences of brain injury." Wiadomości Lekarskie 77, no. 2 (2024): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202402107.
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Aim: To study the results of the quality of life, the state of vestibular disorders and the nature of walking of amateur athletes with the consequences of a combat craniocerebral injury after rehabilitation treatment according to a correctional program. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on the basis of the Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Prosthetics in Kharkov. Under observation were 38 men aged 25-42 years with long-term consequences of a closed craniocerebral injury in the late long-term period. In all patients, complications after TBI were persistent headache, decreased muscle strength in the lower extremities, impaired coordination and balance, and walking patterns. All patients were involved in amateur sports before injury. The following research methods were used during the examination: visual analogue pain scale (VAS), Lovett manual muscle test, Bohannon test, ≪Timed Up and Go test≫. Results: All patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients Gr.1 (n=20) were trained according to the developed program, which included training according to the PNF method, kinesiotherapy, classes on the C-mill sensory treadmill and the Hunova computer device, segmental reflex massage. Patients Gr. 2 (n=18) underwent a course of physical rehabilitation according to the generally accepted methodology of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. After working with patients according to the developed correction and rehabilitation program, the following dynamics were observed: the quality of life on the VAS scale in Gr.1 patients had a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) compared to the primary indicator. The dynamics of the Lovett manual muscle test indicated an increase in the muscle strength of the extensor and flexor muscle groups of the lower extremities, the dynamics of the balance indicator in the standing position behind Bohann in all Gr.1 patients and acquired statistical significance (p<0,05). According to the test “Timed Up and Go” patients Gr.1 approached the standard value (p<0,05). In all patients of Gr. 2, the studied characteristics had a positive trend (p>0,05). Conclusions: Individual selection of physical exercises, development of correctional and rehabilitation programs, multidisciplinary approach has a positive impact on changes in the functional state of amateur athletes, quality of life and contributes to the return to an active social life.
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Chemin, Robert. "The French Network for Observing Comets and Small Solar-System Bodies." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 98 (1988): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110009285x.
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For the apparition of P/Halley the CNRS set up RCP639 (Cooperative Research Programme), one part of which was to coordinate French amateur work. This carried out a training programme, at first by publishing (with help from ESO) an observational manual (eds: J.L. Heudier, J.C. Merlin and M. Festou), and then by a series of courses covering astrometry, photography, visual magnitude estimation, and drawing of jets. These courses were provided by J.L. Heudier, J.C. Merlin and T. Laverge, and were taken by about 100 observers. The author was asked to undertake the organization of the section so that it might become a permanent network of observers of comets and minor bodies.
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Bouzarth, Elizabeth L., Benjamin C. Grannan, John M. Harris, and Kevin R. Hutson. "Scheduling the Valley Baseball League." INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics 52, no. 2 (March 2022): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/inte.2021.1076.
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The Valley Baseball League is a collegiate summer baseball league with 11 teams playing 42 games between June and August. Producing a schedule has proved challenging for league management, because of the odd number of teams as well as a large number of league mandates and team-specific requests. As an amateur league with limited financial resources, there is pressure to best leverage the league schedule to maximize revenue for each team. A schedule generated by mathematical programming was enthusiastically adopted for the 2020 season and significantly outperformed previous manually produced schedules.
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Ricci, Vincenzo, and Levent Özçakar. "Ultrasound Imaging of the Paraspinal Muscles for Interscapular Pain After Back Massage." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 29, no. 6 (August 1, 2020): 830–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2018-0490.
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Muscle injuries are very common in sports medicine, but involvement of the paraspinal muscles is relatively rare. The diagnosis is usually clinical, but diagnostic imaging modalities (ie, ultrasound and magnetic resonance) identify, in detail, the anatomical site and extension of the lesion helping the physician plan a specific rehabilitation program. Likewise, the authors present an unusual case of a amateur volleyball player who suffered injury of the paraspinal muscles after a session of manual therapy with deep massage. The authors also highlight the potential role of ultrasound imaging in detecting muscle injuries not only in the limbs but also at the level of paraspinal region for prompt management and return to play.
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Peno, Vesna, and Aleksandar Vasic. "Voices from the beginning: The early phase of musical historiography in Serbia." Muzikologija, no. 25 (2018): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz1825077p.
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The beginnings of Serbian musical historiography can be traced back to the nineteenth century. The first half of that century is marked by the work of musical amateurs, and later professionals were gradually trained. The beginnings of Serbian musical historiography can be found in articles published in memorials of singing societies, as well as in periodicals. These were portraits of composers and performers, texts on church and folk music, obituaries and other articles. The first history of music in the Serbian language appeared in 1921 in Pancevo. Its author was Ljubomir Bosnjakovic (1891-1987), composer and conductor. This short history of music is written in a popular way, as a guide-book for concert and opera audiences, and as a manual for school youth. It includes a professional approach and a free, literary expression. This study paints a picture of the initial phase of the development of musical historiography in Serbia, as well as an analysis of Ljubomir Bosnjakovic?s book.
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Benoit, Julie Justine, Eugenie Roudaia, Taylor Johnson, Trevor Love, and Jocelyn Faubert. "The neuropsychological profile of professional action video game players." PeerJ 8 (November 17, 2020): e10211. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10211.
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In the past 20 years, there has been growing research interest in the association between video games and cognition. Although many studies have found that video game players are better than non-players in multiple cognitive domains, other studies failed to replicate these results. Until now, the vast majority of studies defined video game players based on the number of hours an individual spent playing video games, with relatively few studies focusing on video game expertise using performance criteria. In the current study, we sought to examine whether individuals who play video games at a professional level in the esports industry differ from amateur video game players in their cognitive and learning abilities. We assessed 14 video game players who play in a competitive league (Professional) and 16 casual video game players (Amateur) on set of standard neuropsychological tests evaluating processing speed, attention, memory, executive functions, and manual dexterity. We also examined participants’ ability to improve performance on a dynamic visual attention task that required tracking multiple objects in three-dimensions (3D-MOT) over five sessions. Professional players showed the largest performance advantage relative to Amateur players in a test of visual spatial memory (Spatial Span), with more modest benefits in a test of selective and sustained attention (d2 Test of Attention), and test of auditory working memory (Digit Span). Professional players also showed better speed thresholds in the 3D-MOT task overall, but the rate of improvement with training did not differ in the two groups. Future longitudinal studies of elite video game experts are required to determine whether the observed performance benefits of professional gamers may be due to their greater engagement in video game play, or due to pre-existing differences that promote achievement of high performance in action video games.
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Droździoł, Radosław, and Damian Absalon. "Evaluation of Selected Amateur Rain Gauges with Hellmann Rain Gauge Measurements." Climate 11, no. 5 (May 16, 2023): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli11050107.
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The paper compares precipitation measurements from the Stratus manual rain gauge from the CoCoRaHS network and two Davis Vantage Vue and Davis Vantage Pro 2A rain gauges with the Hellmann rain gauge. Comparative measurements were made on a specially prepared experimental plot. The statistical calculations took into account 15 full months in the period from 1 October 2019, to 31 December 2020. In order to estimate the differences in measurements between amateur rain gauges and the Hellmann rain gauge, two statistics were calculated: the mean square error (MSE) and the mean absolute error (MAE). In order to present formal and more detailed differences in measurements between amateur rain gauges and the Hellmann rain gauge, analyses were performed using a linear regression model. The general form of the tested models was presented. The procedure for estimating the parameters of the models and the method of comparing the fit of the models to the data were described, and the rain gauge whose measurements were most closely related to the measurements of the Hellmann rain gauge was indicated. The study showed that the higher price of amateur rain gauges does not mean higher quality. The study showed that the Stratus rain gauge was the best at recording daily precipitation totals. The Davis Vantage Pro 2A rain gauge recorded daily precipitation sums with less accuracy. The Davis Vantage Vue rain gauge, despite being located on the roof, recorded similar rainfall totals as the Hellmann rain gauge. It was found that, despite the different construction and measurement methods, the precipitation measurement data from the Stratus rain gauge and the Davis Vantage Vue rain gauge are suitable both for climate monitoring and for use, after applying quality control, in NMHS networks.
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Mehr, Samuel A., Manvir Singh, Dean Knox, Daniel M. Ketter, Daniel Pickens-Jones, S. Atwood, Christopher Lucas, et al. "Universality and diversity in human song." Science 366, no. 6468 (November 21, 2019): eaax0868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aax0868.
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What is universal about music, and what varies? We built a corpus of ethnographic text on musical behavior from a representative sample of the world’s societies, as well as a discography of audio recordings. The ethnographic corpus reveals that music (including songs with words) appears in every society observed; that music varies along three dimensions (formality, arousal, religiosity), more within societies than across them; and that music is associated with certain behavioral contexts such as infant care, healing, dance, and love. The discography—analyzed through machine summaries, amateur and expert listener ratings, and manual transcriptions—reveals that acoustic features of songs predict their primary behavioral context; that tonality is widespread, perhaps universal; that music varies in rhythmic and melodic complexity; and that elements of melodies and rhythms found worldwide follow power laws.
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Orishev, A. B. "DISCIPLINE "FISHING TOURISM" IN THE SYSTEM OF TRAINING BACHELOR IN TOURISM." Vestnik scientific and methodological council in environmental engineering and water management, no. 19 (2020): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/2618-8732-2020-19-48-54.
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The article raises the actual topic of teaching the discipline "Fishing tourism" at the Timiryazev Academy. The etymology of the term "tourism" is considered; the ambiguity of its perception in relation to fishing is shown. The positive role of amateur fishing as a health-improving type of tourism is shown. Fishing is shown not only as recreation, but also as a tool for the development of rural areas. A brief review of modern literature on fishing tourism is given, problems associated with the publication of monographs and training manuals on fishing are indicated. A short excursion into the lecture course on the discipline "Fishing tourism" is made. The data on the content of some practical lessons are given. A detailed analysis of the traditional fishing methods taught by students is given. The role of reservoirs located on the territory of the Timiryazev Academy is shown, where students consolidate the skills acquired in classrooms. The main scientific result: the article proves the validity of including the discipline "Fishing tourism" in the curriculum for training bachelors studying in the direction of "tourism".
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Mitchell, Barbara A., and Boah Kim. "Amateur Family Genealogists Researching Their Family History: A Scoping Review of Motivations and Psychosocial Impacts." Genealogy 8, no. 1 (December 28, 2023): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy8010003.
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A rapidly rising number of people are engaging in family genealogical research and have purchased home-based DNA testing kits due to increased access to online resources and consumer products. The purpose of this systematic scoping review is to identify and elucidate the motivations (i.e., pathways, reasons for conducting family history research) and the consequences (i.e., psychosocial impacts) of participating in this activity by amateur (unpaid) family genealogists. Studies published from January 2000 to June 2023 were included in our review, using the PRISMA methodology outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) Reviewer Manual. A total of 1986 studies were identified using selected keywords and electronic databases. A full-text review was conducted of 73 studies, 26 of which met our eligibility criteria. The multiple dominant themes that emerged from the data analysis are organized into five categories: (1) the motivations for practicing family history research, (2) emotional responses to family secrets and previously unknown truths, (3) impacts on relationship with the family of origin and other relatives, (4) impacts on personal identity (including ethnic/racialized and family/social), and (5) identity exploration and reconstruction. Finally, these themes are connected to broader theoretical/conceptual linkages, and further, an agenda for future research inquiry is developed.
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Bown, Michael, and Kevin Miller. "The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Sloped Roof Inspections – Considerations and Constraints." Journal of Facility Management Education and Research 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22361/jfmer/93832.
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Abstract Building roof inspections should be performed periodically to ensure repairs and replacements are done in a timely manner. These inspections get neglected on sloped roofs due to two factors: the inefficiency of manual visual inspections, and the difficulty of accessing sloped roofs. Walking a roof to inspect each tile is time consuming. As roof slope increases so does this difficulty, increasing the time needed for an inspection. Additionally, there is an inherent safety risk involved. Falls from roofs tend to cause serious and expensive injuries. These two factors, safety and efficiency, motivated this study, the purpose of which was to determine whether Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be used to perform sloped roof inspections efficiently, thus eliminating the safety risk involved in manual inspections. The metric for determining whether this is possible was that there is a UAV available on the market that (1) produces images in sufficient quality to make maintenance decisions, (2) can be flown efficiently enough so that the inspection process can be done in less than two hours for a building with a roof of about 30,000 sqft, (3) can be controlled safely by amateur pilots, and (4) is reasonably priced. The study was done in three phases. Phase 1 addressed the choice of UAV. Phase 2 explored image quality and UAV flying. Phase 3 developed the optimal approach. The study found that an economic UAV can be used in a way that makes manual inspections unnecessary. Still images and manual UAV control were sufficient and large roofs could be done in well under two hours using a three-step approach with images taken at various heights. This study has therefore identified an economical and effective technology-based alternative process for sloped roof inspection using UAVs that eliminates the risk of working at height.
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Ryepko, Olena, Alexander Skaliy, Yevgen Tymko, Serhii Kozin, Zhanneta Kozina, and Andrii Feshchenko. "Training program in the lowlands for amateur mountaineers for climbing to the peaks." Health, sport, rehabilitation 9, no. 3 (September 17, 2023): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.58962/hsr.2023.9.3.91-103.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: We develop and experimentally substantiate the use of a method of training amateur mountaineers in conditions of flat terrain to high altitude and ascent to the top.
Material and methods: The study involved 12 men (age 20-25 years old) who have 1 year experience in mountaineering. The participants were divided into two groups, control and experimental, 6 people each. The study was conducted from March to August 2021. The intervention program lasted 9 weeks. All participants gave their consent to participate in the experiment.
Methods: Physical fitness was measured by the 20 squat test. The resting heart rate was measured while standing. Psychophysiological condition was determined with the "International Reaction Test", the test shows the reaction time to a stimulus. Altitude was chosen as an influence factor on reaction time and HR in different test modes: initial testing (plain), testing at an altitude of 1900 m and at an altitude of 3200 m.
Results: The altitude factor had no significant effect on preload reaction time in both control and experimental groups (p>0.05). However, a significant influence of altitude on post-load reaction time was found in both control and experimental groups (p<0,05). HR was significantly influenced by altitude in both control and experimental groups. However, the effect is stronger in the control group than in the experimental group.
Conclusions. The method increasing tolerance in hypoxia has a positive effect on the organism recovery after the stress in conditions of natural hypoxia, observed during climbing in the mountains.
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Edwards, Suzi, Timana Tahu, Matthew Buchanan, Ross Tucker, Gordon Fuller, and Andrew Gardner. "Can prior instruction successfully alter the tackle type executed by a player?" International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 16, no. 4 (March 3, 2021): 944–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954121996946.
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The tackle is the in-game activity with the greatest risk for injury in collision sports. Qualitative match analysis has associated injury risk with tackle technique (e.g. tackle height, head position before contact). This exploratory study used gold-standard three-dimensional (3D) motion capture to investigate whether prior instructions to a tackler to execute different torso tackle types altered their tackle technique. Fifteen amateur-level rugby code players performed four sets of 10 tackle trials after instructions from an expert coach: two Australian National Rugby League (NRL) coaching manual instructions on upper and lower torso tackle height (UpperNRL, LowerNRL); and two novel variants that altered the tackler’s contact with the ball carrier’s upper torso ( UpperPop) via a vertical ‘pop action’, or mid-torso ( MidTorso) via increasing the contact height to the mid-torso. 3 D motion capture confirmed a favourable ‘head up and forward’ gaze focus on ball carrier before contact and a ‘straight back’ posture was more evident in UpperPop instruction than other instructions, with the least flexion for the head, trunk, trunk-pelvis, thoracolumbar and lumbopelvic (p < 0.01). MidTorso also attained a more optimal ‘head up and forward’ and a ‘straight back’ posture than a LowerNRL (p < 0.001). ‘Leg drive on contact’ revealed ankle, hip (p < 0.01) and thigh angles (p < 0.05) differences, likely to reflect the UpperPop ‘pop action’ instruction than other instructions. For coaches, this study demonstrated that amateur-level rugby-code players could follow instruction from an expert coach to execute tackling techniques within a session. Inclusion of tackle specific coaching instruction training program may be a viable injury reduction strategy.
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Gómez-Figueroa, JA, José Molina, YA Gutiérrez- Bravo, JL Montufar-Romero, and G. Aguilar-Hernández. "Análisis del somatotipo de jugadores juveniles de fútbol asociación." Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte 12, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/riccafd.2023.v12i1.16158.
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Las características antropométricas de los sujetos en el fútbol asociación pocas veces eran consideradas en la selección de los jóvenes futbolistas en relación con sus posiciones dentro del terreno de juego. En la actualidad, en este deporte se hace cada vez más frecuente, así como sumar variables que coadyuvan a la mejora del rendimiento deportivo. Por tanto, el objetivo principal de esta investigación es identificar y analizar el somatotipo de jugadores de nivel amateur inscritos en la academia delfines que participa en la liga veracruzana de fútbol, dentro de los criterios de selección de los participantes es que estén en el rango de edad de 14-17 años, a ellos se les evaluación de composición corporal a través de la técnica de bioimpedancia (tanita tbf 300a, manual), con ello se obtuvieron los valores de peso, talla, IMC. Así mismo se utilizó la técnica de antropometría para obtener un perfil completo de cada jugador tomando como referencia el cálculo del somatotipo de Heath – Carter, alguno de los resultados obtenidos es la prevalencia del somatotipo de endomorfo para los delanteros (2,87±0,76), defensas (2.99±0,55) y medios campistas (2,55±0,47) y mesomorfo: delanteros (5,34±1,17), defensas (5,86±1,55) y medios campistas (4,71±0,67), Se observó que los medios presentan menor mesomorfia y mayor ectomorfia con (3,64 ±1,29). Se concluye por los resultados obtenidos que la predominancia es del componente mesomórfico balanceado, situación que coinciden con los resultados de otras investigaciones, donde los jugadores del sector amateur y jugadores de fútbol profesional de acuerdo a la posición que ocupan en el terreno de juego presentan un somatotipo similar a los hallazgos en el estudio.
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Bilston, Sarah. "QUEENS OF THE GARDEN: VICTORIAN WOMEN GARDENERS AND THE RISE OF THE GARDENING ADVICE TEXT." Victorian Literature and Culture 36, no. 1 (March 2008): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150308080017.
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The nineteenth century was an era of enormous changes in garden design and garden practice. A wealth of new and exotic plants, located and shipped back by adventurous plant hunters from southern Europe and other, warmer continents, changed the look and character of the garden beyond recognition. The repeal of the glass tax and advances in iron and glass production initiated the craze of the glass house. “Bedding out” consequently became popular, a system in which delicate plants grown under glass could be planted straight outside in warmer months, producing instant colour and ending the frustrating months of bare beds during which gardeners waited for native perennials to bloom. And there were many other important technological advances to ease the lot of the Victorian gardener, such as the patenting of the first lawn mower in 1830 and improvements in tool design. Moreover, with huge advances in printing press technology and distribution, a slew of gardening magazines and gardening manuals sprang up to educate and aid the amateur gardener. The rise of the middle class, housed in suburban terraces and villas with small gardens front and back, produced a ready market for such texts.
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Li, Hanxi, Wenyu Zhu, Haiqiang Jin, and Yong Ma. "Automatic, Illumination-Invariant and Real-Time Green-Screen Keying Using Deeply Guided Linear Models." Symmetry 13, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13081454.
Full textAbstract:
The conventional green screen keying method requires users’ interaction to guide the whole process and usually assumes a well-controlled illumination environment. In the era of “we-media”, millions of short videos are shared online every day, and most of them are produced by amateurs in relatively poor conditions. As a result, a fully automatic, real-time, and illumination-robust keying method would be very helpful and commercially promising in this era. In this paper, we propose a linear model guided by deep learning prediction to solve this problem. The simple, yet effective algorithm inherits the robustness of the deep-learning-based segmentation method, as well as the high matting quality of energy-minimization-based matting algorithms. Furthermore, thanks to the introduction of linear models, the proposed minimization problem is much less complex, and thus, real-time green screen keying is achieved. In the experiment, our algorithm achieved comparable keying performance to the manual keying software and deep-learning-based methods while beating other shallow matting algorithms in terms of accuracy. As for the matting speed and robustness, which are critical for a practical matting system, the proposed method significantly outperformed all the compared methods and showed superiority over all the off-the-self approaches.
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Javadiha, Mohammadreza, Carlos Andujar, Enrique Lacasa, Angel Ric, and Antonio Susin. "Estimating Player Positions from Padel High-Angle Videos: Accuracy Comparison of Recent Computer Vision Methods." Sensors 21, no. 10 (May 12, 2021): 3368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103368.
Full textAbstract:
The estimation of player positions is key for performance analysis in sport. In this paper, we focus on image-based, single-angle, player position estimation in padel. Unlike tennis, the primary camera view in professional padel videos follows a de facto standard, consisting of a high-angle shot at about 7.6 m above the court floor. This camera angle reduces the occlusion impact of the mesh that stands over the glass walls, and offers a convenient view for judging the depth of the ball and the player positions and poses. We evaluate and compare the accuracy of state-of-the-art computer vision methods on a large set of images from both amateur videos and publicly available videos from the major international padel circuit. The methods we analyze include object detection, image segmentation and pose estimation techniques, all of them based on deep convolutional neural networks. We report accuracy and average precision with respect to manually-annotated video frames. The best results are obtained by top-down pose estimation methods, which offer a detection rate of 99.8% and a RMSE below 5 and 12 cm for horizontal/vertical court-space coordinates (deviations from predicted and ground-truth player positions). These results demonstrate the suitability of pose estimation methods based on deep convolutional neural networks for estimating player positions from single-angle padel videos. Immediate applications of this work include the player and team analysis of the large collection of publicly available videos from international circuits, as well as an inexpensive method to get player positional data in amateur padel clubs.
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Ruban, L., and V. Misyura. "Quality of life, vestibular discoordination and violation of the walking pattern of amateur athletes with long-term consequences of traumatic brain injury." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 8(153) (August 30, 2022): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.8(153).17.
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Among the participants in the hostilities in the East of Ukraine, military personnel receive a brain contusion three times more often than other injuries. The main problem of closed craniocerebral injury is that complications appear after some time. The aim of the work was to investigate the consequences of traumatic brain injury accompanied by brain contusion in amateur athletes. All the tested athletes had the main neurological syndromes that limited their vital activity: vegetative disorders and discoordination of the vestibular genesis. Under observation were 12 men aged 25-42 years with long-term consequences of a closed craniocerebral injury in the late long-term period. The duration of the post-traumatic period is from six months. The cause of disability was wounds and contusions associated with military operations. In all patients, complications after TBI were a decrease in muscle strength in the lower extremities, impaired coordination and balance, and a walking pattern. According to the International Classification of Functioning, limitation of vital activity and health in subjects in the domain "Structure and functions of the body" was observed mono- or hemiparesis of the lower extremities. In the activity and participation domain, patients complained about being able to return to amateur sports. When assessing the quality of life on the VAS scale, a low level of quality of life was revealed. According to the Lovett manual muscle test, it was found that in the subjects in the late long-term period after injury, there is a decrease in muscle strength of both the anterior and posterior thigh and lower back muscle groups. The results of the Bohannon test showed an increased risk of falling due to imbalance. «Timed Up and Go» testing indicated a statistically significant decrease in vestibular coordination and gait pattern compared to the norm.
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Kristiansen, Martti H. K., Saul A. Rappaport, Andrew M. Vanderburg, Thomas L. Jacobs, Hans Martin Schwengeler, Robert Gagliano, Ivan A. Terentev, et al. "The Visual Survey Group: A Decade of Hunting Exoplanets and Unusual Stellar Events with Space-based Telescopes." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 134, no. 1037 (July 1, 2022): 074401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/ac6e06.
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Abstract This article presents the history of the Visual Survey Group (VSG)—a Professional-Amateur (Pro-Am) collaboration within the field of astronomy working on data from several space missions (Kepler, K2 and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite). This paper covers the formation of the VSG, its survey-methods including the most common tools used and its discoveries made over the past decade. So far, the group has visually surveyed nearly 10 million light curves and authored 69 peer-reviewed papers which mainly focus on exoplanets and discoveries involving multistellar systems. The preferred manual search-method carried out by the VSG has revealed its strength by detecting numerous objects which were overlooked or discarded by automated search programs, uncovering some of the most rare stars in our galaxy, and leading to several serendipitous discoveries of unprecedented astrophysical phenomena. The main purpose of the VSG is to assist in the exploration of our local universe, and we therefore advocate continued crowd-sourced examination of time-domain data sets, and invite other research teams to reach out in order to establish collaborating projects.
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Davis, Holly Louisa, Samer Alabed, and Timothy James Ainsley Chico. "Effect of sports massage on performance and recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 6, no. 1 (May 2020): e000614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000614.
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ObjectiveMassage is ubiquitous in elite sport and increasingly common at amateur level but the evidence base for this intervention has not been reviewed systematically. We therefore performed a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the effect of massage on measures of sporting performance and recovery.Design and eligibilityWe searched PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane to identify randomised studies that tested the effect of manual massage on measures of sporting performance and/or recovery. We performed separate meta-analyses on the endpoints of; strength, jump, sprint, endurance, flexibility, fatigue and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS).ResultsWe identified 29 eligible studies recruiting 1012 participants, representing the largest examination of the effects of massage. We found no evidence that massage improves measures of strength, jump, sprint, endurance or fatigue, but massage was associated with small but statistically significant improvements in flexibility and DOMS.ConclusionAlthough our study finds no evidence that sports massage improves performance directly, it may somewhat improve flexibility and DOMS. Our findings help guide the coach and athlete about the benefits of massage and inform decisions about incorporating this into training and competition.
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Некрылова, А. Ф. "New Training Manual on the History of Folklore Studies and Ethnomusicology." OPERA MUSICOLOGICA, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26156/om.2021.13.1.007.
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Новаторское учебное пособие по истории фольклористики и этномузыкологии, созданное преподавателями Санкт-Петербургской государственной консерватории имени Н. А. Римского-Корсакова, состоит из двух частей. Основу первой части составляет прошедший многолетнюю апробацию лекционный материал (семь разделов соответствуют главным этапам формирования и развития российской этномузыкологии на протяжении XVIII–XIX веков); во вторую часть пособия вошли биобиблиографические словарные статьи, посвященные деятелям культуры, внесшим свой вклад в становление отечественной музыкальной фольклористики. Обе части, дополняя друг друга, воссоздают историко-культурный контекст, без которого трудно осмыслить причины широкого общественного интереса к традиционному музыкальному наследию России. Особое внимание уделяется важнейшим научным направлениям, достижениям исследователей в области теории и методологии изучения фольклора. Рассматривается масштабная деятельность представителей разных слоев населения по сбору и накоплению фольклорного материала, особенности использования песенного и инструментального фольклора в произведениях композиторов, в исполнительской практике музыкантов. В пособии дается обзор наиболее показательных нотных публикаций — от любительских до сугубо научных. Ценность учебного издания рецензент также видит в обильном цитировании первоисточников и внушительном списке литературы. В рецензии содержится несколько предложений по уточнению отдельных положений; автор выражает уверенность в необходимости включения данного пособия в качестве обязательной литературы для многих гуманитарных специальностей и направлений подготовки в сфере высшего образования. An innovative textbook on the history of the study of folklore and ethnomusicology created by teachers of the N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov St. Petersburg State Conservatory consists of two parts. The first part is based on the lecture material thoroughly used for many ears. The seven sections of the lecture part correspond to the main stages of formation and development of Russian ethnomusicology during the XVIII–XIX centuries. The second part presents bibliographic entries dedicated to culture figures who have contributed in the study of Russian musical folklore. Both parts, complementing each other, recreate the historical and cultural context which allows us to understand the reasons for the wide public interest in the traditional musical heritage of Russia. The textbook describes in sufficient detail the formation of ethnomusicology. Special attention is paid to the most important scientific areas, achievements of the researchers in the field of theory and methodology. The publication describes large-scale activities of representatives of different segments of the population to collect and accumulate folklore material. The authors reveal the specifics of using folk songs and instrumental melodies in the works of composers, in the performing practice of musicians. The textbook contains an overview of the most significant musical publications — from amateur ones to purely scientific. The reviewer also sees the value of the educational publication in the abundant quotation of primary sources and an impressive list of literature. The review contains a number of proposals on clarifying certain provisions. The reviewer is confident that this textbook should be included in the list of compulsory literature of higher humanitarian education.
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Lifeng, Xie. "Content and structure of the future music teachers’ performing will in the context of choirmaster training." Scientific bulletin of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky 2020, no. 2 (131) (June 25, 2020): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2617-6688-2020-2-17.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to the study of the essence of the phenomenon “performing will” as an important professional quality of future specialists in the field of art education. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the essence, content and component structure of the performing will generated by future Music teachers, in the context of choirmaster (choral) training in particular. These methods are used in the article: analysis, synthesis and generalization (in order to substantiate the key provisions of the study); the method of shifting from the abstract entities to the concrete ones (in order to study the essence of the complex concept "performing will of a Music teacher in the context of choral training"); the methods of modelling and systematisation (in order to study the structural components of the phenomenon under study). Based on the study, it was determined that the choirmaster training aimed at the future Music teachers involves mastering the competence in specific activities with pupils’ non-amateur and amateur choirs, as well as mastering the forms and methods of organising pupils’ group choral performance. The performing will of the future Music teacher in the context of choirmaster training is considered as individual basic personal and professional properties which provide mental and emotional influence of the conductor on the members of the choir to unite them on the basis of emotional and spiritual resonance. The will of the conductor-choirmaster acts as a mechanism of energy impact on each member of the team in order to achieve the necessary, highly artistic and convincing level of implementation of the performance conception as an intonation-auditory and emotional image of the musical work envisioned by the conductor. Based on the definition of the content-oriented and attributive characteristics of the performing executive will, the component structure of the studied phenomenon is substantiated, it consists of four interconnected components: motivational-incentive, intonation- and image-centred, manual-expressive and reflexive-corrective
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Синельникова, Татьяна Анатольевна. "The right to creativity." Академический вестник УралНИИпроект РААСН, no. 4(55) (December 30, 2022): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25628/uniip.2022.55.4.015.
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В статье на примере самоучки Степана Бублика показана разработка методологии заочного обучения живописи и графике в 1930-1950-е годы. Работа Дома народного творчества с самоучками в 1930-1950-е годы проанализирована на основе репродукций произведений, архивных материалов, методических пособий и каталогов выставок. Автор приходит к выводу, что несмотря на то, что художественный примитив в творчестве самодеятельных художников активно подавлялся, индивидуальный подход к каждому слушателю заочных курсов стал основой, на которой в последующем было построено преподавание в Заочном народном университете искусств. Это дало раскрыться таланту многих художников, которых сегодня причисляют к классикам наивного искусства. The article shows the development of a methodology for distance learning of painting and graphics in the 1930s-1950s on the example of the self-taught Stepan Bublik. For this, an analysis was made of the work of the House of Folk Art with self-taught people in the 1930-1950s on the basis of the studied works, archival materials, methodological manuals and exhibition catalogs. The author comes to the conclusion that despite the fact that the artistic primitive in the work of amateur artists was actively suppressed, an individual approach to each student of correspondence courses became the basis on which teaching at the Correspondence People‘s University of Arts was built. This made it possible to reveal the talent of many artists, who today are considered classics of naive art.
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Watkins, Holly. "The Floral Poetics of Schumann's Blumenstück, Op. 19." 19th-Century Music 36, no. 1 (2012): 24–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncm.2012.36.1.024.
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Abstract Robert Schumann's Blumenstück, op. 19, a short piano piece dating from 1839, is generally not included among the composer's more poetically inspired or formally adventurous pieces. Thanks in part to Schumann's own disparaging remarks about the piece, Blumenstück, like the stylistically similar Arabeske, op. 18, has been viewed as a fairly straightforward effort to appeal to amateur consumers—especially women consumers—of domestic piano music. Rather than recuperate Schumann's piece through a revelation of its structural achievements, this article links the piece's mixed aesthetic status to the similar standing of flowers (and the genre of flower painting to which Schumann's title alludes) in early-nineteenth-century German culture. Emblematic of women and the expression of conventional sentiments, flowers nonetheless constituted a remarkably evocative symbol in Romantic literature. Sentimental and Romantic discourses of the flower converged in the trope of Blumensprache (the language of flowers), an idea that found expression in both popular manuals cataloguing the meanings of flowers and the more esoteric environments of Schumann's criticism, E. T. A. Hoffmann's tales, and Heinrich Heine's poetry. In each of these venues, flowers served as imaginary conduits joining mundane and transcendent realms. Drawing on the work of Friedrich Kittler, I argue that Schumann's Blumenstück, with its conflicting imperatives of pleasure and instruction, congenial melody and motivic intertwining, conflates aesthetic and reception-based categories in a related manner and, as a result, undermines traditional means of generic classification.
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Ricci, D., L. Cabona, C. Righi, A. La Camera, F. Nicolosi, and S. Tosi. "TECHNICAL AND SOFTWARE UPGRADES COMPLETED AND PLANNED AT OARPAF." Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica Serie de Conferencias 53 (September 1, 2021): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ia.14052059p.2021.53.04.
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We present technical, instrumental, and software upgrades completed and planned at astronomical observatory called "Osservatorio Astronomico Regionale Parco Antola, Fascia" (OARPAF), hosting an 80cm, alt-az Cassegrain-Nasmyth telescope. The observatory, located in the Ligurian Apennines, can currently be operated either for scientific (photometry camera) or amateur (ocular) observations, by switching the tertiary mirror between the two Nasmyth foci using a manual handle. The main scientific observational topics are related up to now to exoplanetary transits, QSOs, and gravitationally lensed quasars, and results are being recently published. A remotization and robotization strategy of the entire structure (telescope, dome, instruments, sensors and monitoring) have been set up and it is in progress. We report the current upgrades, mainly related for what concerns the "hardware" side to the robotization of the dome. On the instrumentation side, a new modular support for instruments with spectrophotometric capabilities is on a preliminary design phase, improving the telescope performances and broadening the potential science fields. In this framework, the procurement of spectrophotometric material has started. On the software side, an innovative web-based software relying on websockets and node.js can already be used to control the camera, and it will be extended to manage the other components of the instrument, of the observatory, and of the image database storage.
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Oturgasheva, Natalya V. "The reading Tomsk. Textbook review: The reader problem in Tomsk and Tomsk Province in the late 19th - early 20th centuries (Vorobyeva, T.L. (ed.) (2020). Tomsk: Tomsk State University)." Tekst. Kniga. Knigoizdanie, no. 28 (2022): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23062061/28/10.
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Preparation of a training manual “A reader’s problem in Tomsk and Tomsk province at the end of XIX - beginning of XX century” by a group of Tomsk researchers is seen as not only relevant and natural but also as a long-awaited phenomenon in the sphere of modern liberal education. Book culture and reading practices in the context of a certain epoch represent interest to specialists not only from theoretical but also from practical and metodological point of view. The purpose of the manual stated by the authors is to “identify the main trends regarding building reading practices at the end of XIX - beginning of XX centuries and determine their value in book culture at the turn of the century” is being implemened based on the unique archival materials from the collections of the Tomsk State University Scientific Library, the Tomsk Local Lore Museum, the Tomsk Regional Archive. Diversity, richness and originality of the factual material coupled with research sensivity and thoroughness make it possible to trace the dynamics of reading practices becoming and developing in Tomsk and Tomsk province and to evaluate their impact on both regional literary process and social and spiritual changes taking place in society as a whole. Study of a reader in the context of the famous N. A. Rubakin’ triad “society - author -work” enables to understand the complex interaction mechanism of literary process, publishing strategies and reading practices existing in inextricable link and in many aspects defining the life of society in its spiritual dimension. The training manual aimed at youth audiences is written in clear language, filled with vivid images of people - readers and book lovers as well as with archaeographic factors introduced by the authors in scientific circulation. Publication has a clear-cut structure set by the logic of promoting a book - from the centre of a province to a rural reader, from the state publishing policy to the forms of readers’ amateur activities. For the convenience of readers, sections are prefaced with annotation, include questions and tasks for self-study as well as the list of additional literature on the topic of study. Such an approach updates research issues, introduces them in the context of vital pedagogical objectives and designates prospects of developing a conscious and qualified reader. And this is the central task, which - in our opinion - the authors of the training manual are well aware of. We believe that this noble task has been perfectly implemented in the book: uniqueness and diversity of the material, depth of its comprehenson, methodical thoroughness make the presented work a modern and timely educational publication and reveal rich traditions in preservation and continuation of high literary culture. That is precisely why the training manual is useful not only for publishers and philologists but also for future specialists with the broad range of expertise who together with professional knowledge in the high school acquire skills of meaningful and productive work with a book.
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Lidor, Ronnie, and Gal Ziv. "Physical and Physiological Attributes of Female Team Handball Players — A Review." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 20, no. 1 (January 2011): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.20.1.23.
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The main purpose of this article is to review a series of studies (N = 18) on the physical characteristics, physiological attributes, throwing velocity and accuracy, and on-court performances of female team handball players. Studies were selected from a computerized search in electronic databases (PubMed, SPORT Discus) as well as from a manual search. Five main findings emerged from this review: (1) a tall and heavy build was advantageous in team handball—mean height ranged from 165.9±.3 cm to 179±4 cm and mean body mass ranged from 62.4±6.2 kg to 72.0±6.3 kg; (2) VO2max values of female players were between 47-54 ml·kg-1·min-1; (3) throwing velocity was higher by as much as 11% in elite female players compared to amateur female players; (4) during 90% of playing time, heart rate (HR) was above 85% of HRmax, and the average VO2 was 79% of VO2max in female players; and (5) on-court distance covered averaged approximately 4 km and varied between 2-5 km in female players, depending on the playing position of the player. Most of the studies reviewed were cross-sectional, and only a few reported data on on-court performance. There is a need for additional manipulative studies to determine the influence of various training programs on game performance. In addition, conditioning programs that develop power and strength should be emphasized, and attention should be given to the player’s playing position and skill level.
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Wölflein, Georg, and Ognjen Arandjelović. "Determining Chess Game State from an Image." Journal of Imaging 7, no. 6 (June 2, 2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7060094.
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Identifying the configuration of chess pieces from an image of a chessboard is a problem in computer vision that has not yet been solved accurately. However, it is important for helping amateur chess players improve their games by facilitating automatic computer analysis without the overhead of manually entering the pieces. Current approaches are limited by the lack of large datasets and are not designed to adapt to unseen chess sets. This paper puts forth a new dataset synthesised from a 3D model that is an order of magnitude larger than existing ones. Trained on this dataset, a novel end-to-end chess recognition system is presented that combines traditional computer vision techniques with deep learning. It localises the chessboard using a RANSAC-based algorithm that computes a projective transformation of the board onto a regular grid. Using two convolutional neural networks, it then predicts an occupancy mask for the squares in the warped image and finally classifies the pieces. The described system achieves an error rate of 0.23% per square on the test set, 28 times better than the current state of the art. Further, a few-shot transfer learning approach is developed that is able to adapt the inference system to a previously unseen chess set using just two photos of the starting position, obtaining a per-square accuracy of 99.83% on images of that new chess set. The code, dataset, and trained models are made available online.
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Özcan, İlker, and Çağatay Şahan. "Effects of small-sided games and conventional aerobic interval training on various physiological characteristics and defensive and offensive skills used in soccer." Kinesiology 50, no. 1 (2018): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26582/k.50.1.12.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of small-sided game training (SSGT) versus conventional aerobic interval training (CAIT) on soccer-specific endurance performance, lactate threshold levels (mmol·L-1), short-passing ability and defensive and offensive skills of a soccer match. Before and after a 6-week training intervention period, eighteen amateur soccer players (age 21.8±4.8 years) were tested. The tests included the anaerobic threshold (AnT) test, the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1), and the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). A manual notational match analysis system was utilized to evaluate the defensive and offensive skills of players during the matches. Both the SSGT and CAIT were performed two days a week and consisted of five sets of 6-minute periods of work at the individualized exercise intensity corresponding to the individual anaerobic threshold, with 3-minute of recovery periods between sets. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to examine the between- and within-group differences, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed that the SSGT group players exhibited significantly better in terms of the LSPT scores (p<.01) and the number of defensive and offensive skills (p<.05). However, no other significant differences in the other variables were observed (p>.05). The results of the study suggested that SSGT improved short-passing ability, various soccer skills and physiological parameters, while CAIT only improved physiological parameters. SSGT improves soccer-specific endurance and technical ability of players at the same time, meaning it is a time efficient way of training.
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Shang, Rui. "A Deep Learning-Enabled Composition System Based on Piano Score Recognition." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (July 5, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9132697.
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Piano is used for music and comprises a stringed keyboard instrument wherein the strings are tapped by softer-coated wooden hammers. The score providing music for the piano, often a compressed transcription of orchestral music, is referred to as piano score. Presently, the Internet is overflowing with music score resources. Having so many music score resources available, professional learners and amateur music lovers are unable to identify and obtain music score information that matches their needs and wasting valuable time. Due to the rapid development of deep learning algorithms, some individuals utilize these algorithms to detect piano scores and construct composition systems, reducing the need of traditional machine learning algorithms on manual design and music knowledge guidelines. This paper uses the deep learning algorithm to construct piano score recognition framework based on K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm and formulates the recognition system into multinote that significantly improves the recognition rate for the system. The self-attention mechanism is then introduced in order to build a composition system based on a deep learning algorithm in which composition training and processes are described. Finally, a comparative experiment is conducted to evaluate the recognition accuracy for the KNN-based piano score recognition system. The results show that highest recognition accuracy of this system is 67.5%. The effect of composition system is evaluated based on prediction accuracy of notes. Three experiments are conducted to train the composition notes. As a result, the prediction accuracy of experiments 1, 2, and 3 is 89.2%, 91.8%, and 92.7%, respectively, indicating that the system has a high prediction accuracy and a perfect composition effect.
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Mendiguchia, Jurdan, Adrián Castaño-Zambudio, Pedro Jiménez-Reyes, Jean–Benoît Morin, Pascal Edouard, Filipe Conceição, Jonas Tawiah-Dodoo, and Steffi L. Colyer. "Can We Modify Maximal Speed Running Posture? Implications for Performance and Hamstring Injury Management." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2021-0107.
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Purpose: Sprint kinematics have been linked to hamstring injury and performance. This study aimed to examine if a specific 6-week multimodal intervention, combining lumbopelvic control and unning technique exercises, induced changes in pelvis and lower-limb kinematics at maximal speed and improved sprint performance. Methods: Healthy amateur athletes were assigned to a control or intervention group (IG). A sprint test with 3-dimensional kinematic measurements was performed before (PRE) and after (POST) 6 weeks of training. The IG program included 3 weekly sessions integrating coaching, strength and conditioning, and physical therapy approaches (eg, manual therapy, mobility, lumbopelvic control, strength and sprint “front-side mechanics”-oriented drills). Results: Analyses of variance showed no between-group differences at PRE. At POST, intragroup analyses showed PRE–POST differences for the pelvic (sagittal and frontal planes) and thigh kinematics and improved sprint performance (split times) for the IG only. Specifically, IG showed (1) a lower anterior pelvic tilt during the late swing phase, (2) greater pelvic obliquity on the free-leg side during the early swing phase, (3) higher vertical position of the front-leg knee, (4) an increase in thigh angular velocity and thigh retraction velocity, (5) lower between-knees distance at initial contact, and (6) a shorter ground contact duration. The intergroup analysis revealed disparate effects (possibly to very likely) in the most relevant variables investigated. Conclusion: The 6-week multimodal training program induced clear pelvic and lower-limb kinematic changes during maximal speed sprinting. These alterations may collectively be associated with reduced risk of muscle strain and were concomitant with significant sprint performance improvement.
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Iin Yuniarni and Derysmono Derysmono. "PENANGGULANGAN ORIENTASI LGBT PADA ANAK USIA BALIGH." el-Umdah 5, no. 1 (September 13, 2022): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/elumdah.v5i1.5569.
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The Citayam Fashion Week (CFW) event in July 2022, -led by amateur teenagers-, suddenly became virtual in cyberspace. The massive emergence of the lifetrend of young groups of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender or popularly referred to as LGBT on the event of CFW, rekindled diverse polemics in the social realities of society at large. Although since 2001 when the Netherlands first until now almost 30 other countries have consciously officially legalized the LGBT movement, the LGBT phenomenon which is categorized as a form of deviation of sexual orientation, in fact LGBT is still a long discourse and has not ended either among academics, practitioners or the wider community. The arguments are manifold; starting from the change in LGBT status from the master book of psychology (DSM) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, namely from the category of sexual deviance orientation to the category of orientation that seems natural and commonplace, to the arguments of the Holy books including the Qur'an with postulates whose verses are clear and well established.
This research applies an analytical descriptive qualitative methodology, based on the Qur'ani of psychology using nomatic techniques, to find prevention from the orientation of LGBT towards children at young age . The results reveal the phenomenon of LGBT psychiatry and the impact of LGBT life trends on “baligh” age in the contemporary digital age. This study offers 4 continuums of the Qur'ani cognitive adjustment models, namely: 1. To strengthen moral education and applied theory of cognition husn al-Zahn/positive attribution, 2. To strengthen family resilience, 3. To choose a good social environment, 4. To synergy between the government, the legislator and the formation of law against LGBT.
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Valenko, Darko, Zdenko Mezgec, Martin Pec, and Marjan Golob. "A Diver’s Automatic Buoyancy Control Device and Its Prototype Development." Marine Technology Society Journal 47, no. 6 (November 1, 2013): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.47.6.7.
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AbstractMaintaining depth is a diver’s essential task, and that is why he/she uses a buoyancy vest for maintaining and changing depth [the so-called buoyancy control device (BCD)]. Changing depth is controlled by manually actuating pneumatic valves, which causes the BCD volume to expand or shrink and consequently change its buoyancy.Divers’ desires for devices that automatically change or maintain depth have been present since the first arrival of modern diving using a buoyancy vest. This need has arisen, particularly when diving, in regard to the following: where poor visibility is present; when both hands are needed for the job in amateur diving; where decompression procedures are needed; during safety stop procedures; during automatic ascending when a diver’s life functions are critical; and also when using the same technology for changing depth in small modern submarines and submarine-like vessels.The presented prototype device has been developed for automatic buoyancy control using flexible BCD. This device can limit ascending and descending velocities, allow a diving diver to request a depth at a requested velocity and hold that requested depth, ensure a diver’s requested depth and velocity are controlled, minimize any depth and velocity errors in relation to disturbances from the environment, and record all captured data for dive analyses. Controlling velocity is important for proper decompression.This paper presents a mathematical model of a diver’s buoyancy, the prototype development of an automatic BCD, and simulation and actual diving results. The prototype device has been fully tested by one of the leading manufacturers of diving equipment.
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Sycheva, Galina Sergeevna. ""Self-scoring tables" by Tikhon Sotnikov in the light of the development of the idea of self-education in Russian music pedagogy." PHILHARMONICA. International Music Journal, no. 2 (February 2022): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-613x.2022.2.37816.
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The article tells about the first didactic development in the history of Russian music pedagogy on elementary music theory, created in the 1930s by Rostov composer and teacher Tikhon Ivanovich Sotnikov for the independent development of musical and theoretical knowledge. The author of the article points out that the need to create such an educational and methodological manual for self-study was dictated by the current situation in the cultural life of the USSR since the 1930s, when there was an active growth of amateur artistic activity in the country. The gradual complication of the repertoire of collectives required the growth of musical literacy of its participants. Analyzing the historical situation, the author states that despite the developing system of music education, there were not enough schools and qualified music teachers nationwide. The situation was aggravated by the war years, when many libraries and archives were destroyed, and even the search for educational literature presented a significant problem for those who wanted to study musical literacy. The table and thematic cards developed by Sotnikov for independent studies contained not just brief information on musical literacy, but also made it possible to train theoretical knowledge in practice without the participation of a teacher. In addition, the versatility of the Rostov composer's development was also in the fact that his methodology for independent studies could be used in tandem with any of the textbooks on music theory that existed at that time. The idea was highly appreciated by professors of the leading musical universities of the USSR and was recommended for publication nationwide. In conclusion, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that in the context of the historical situation of the mid-twentieth century in the USSR, Sotnikov's development was not just relevant, but with timely publication could have a revolutionary significance for the development of musical culture in the country, and its significance for the history of music pedagogy is undeniable.