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Journal articles on the topic 'Amber fossil'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 20 July 2025

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1

Harms, Danilo, and Jason A. Dunlop. "The fossil history of pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones)." Fossil Record 20, no. 2 (2017): 215–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-215-2017.

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Abstract. Pseudoscorpions, given their resemblance to scorpions, have attracted human attention since the time of Aristotle, although they are much smaller and lack the sting and elongated tail. These arachnids have a long evolutionary history but their origins and phylogenetic affinities are still being debated. Here, we summarise their fossil record based on a comprehensive review of the literature and data contained in other sources. Pseudoscorpions are one of the oldest colonisers of the land, with fossils known since the Middle Devonian (ca. 390 Ma). The only arachnid orders with an older

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2

Feldberg, Kathrin, Ulla Kaasalainen, Yuriy S. Mamontov, et al. "Extending the fossil record of Miocene neotropical epiphyte communities." Fossil Record 28, no. 1 (2025): 79–102. https://doi.org/10.3897/fr.28.137758.

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Dominican amber (15–20 Ma) and Mexican amber (15–23 Ma) are valuable sources of fossil epiphytic bryophytes, ferns, and lichens. Both ambers derive from resins of Hymenaea, a genus in the Fabaceae family still occurring in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean today. The amber inclusions provide rare glimpses into Miocene neotropical epiphyte communities in life-like preservation. In this study, we extend the fossil record of these communities and describe Frullania chiapasensis and Thysananthus patrickmuelleri, two new fossil species of leafy liverworts from Mexican amber. Frullania chia

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McCoy, Victoria E., Carmen Soriano, and Sarah E. Gabbott. "A review of preservational variation of fossil inclusions in amber of different chemical groups." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 107, no. 2-3 (2016): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691017000391.

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ABSTRACTFossils in amber are a particularly important and unique palaeobiological resource. Amber is best known for preserving exceptionally life-like fossils, including microscopic anatomical details, but this fidelity of preservation is an end-member of a wide spectrum of preservation quality. Many amber sites only preserve cuticle or hollow moulds, and most amber sites have no fossils at all. The taphonomic processes that control this range in preservation are essentially unknown. Here, we review the relationship between amber groups and fossil preservation, based on published data, to dete

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4

Poinar Jr, George O. "New fossil nematodes in Dominican and Baltic amber." Nematology 14, no. 4 (2012): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854111x612199.

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Four new species of fossil mermithids (Nematoda: Mermithidae) are described from amber: Heydenius arachnius n. sp. from a spider (Arachnida: Araneae) in Dominican amber, H. phasmatophilus n. sp., from a walking stick (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae) in Baltic amber, H. podenasae n. sp. from a moth (Lepidoptera) in Baltic amber and H. trichorosus n. sp. from a caddis fly (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) in Baltic amber. With previous descriptions of fossil mermithids from Diptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera, there are now representatives of seven insect orders as hosts of fossil mermithids. Wit

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Carbuccia, Benjamin, Hannah M. Wood, Christine Rollard, Andre Nel, and Romain Garrouste. "A new Myrmecarchaea (Araneae: Archaeidae) species from Oise amber (earliest Eocene, France)." BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 191 (2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2020023.

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Extant Archaeidae, also known as pelican or assassin spiders, have an Austral distribution (South Africa, Madagascar and Australia), but were present in Eurasia during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, as attested by fossils from Cretaceous Burmese amber (Ross A. 2019. Burmese (Myanmar) amber checklist and bibliography 2018. Palaeoentomology 2(1): 22–84) and Eocene European ambers (Wunderlich J. 2004. Fossil spiders in amber and copal: conclusions, revisions, new taxa and family diagnoses of fossil and extant taxa. Hirschberg-Leutershausen: Ed. Joerg Wunderlich, 1893 p.). They have been known to occu

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Lohrmann, Volker, Michael Ohl, Peter Michalik, James P. Pitts, Laurent Jeanneau, and Vincent Perrichot. "Notes on rhopalosomatid wasps of Dominican and Mexican amber (Hymenoptera: Rhopalosomatidae) with a description of the first fossil species of <i>Rhopalosoma</i> Cresson, 1865." Fossil Record 22, no. 1 (2019): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-31-2019.

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Abstract. Rhopalosomatidae are a family of aculeate wasps that are ectoparasitoids of crickets as larvae and are predominantly distributed pantropically. The published fossil record of the family is scarce. Here, we report three new fossil rhopalosomatid wasp specimens from Dominican and Mexican amber. Rhopalosoma hispaniola Lohrmann sp. nov. is described and documented from Dominican amber by two separate inclusions – one of each sex. An additional fossil female Rhopalosoma is described and documented from Mexican amber but is not named due to the insufficient preservation of the fossil. The

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7

Penney, David, and A. Mark Langan. "Comparing amber fossil assemblages across the Cenozoic." Biology Letters 2, no. 2 (2006): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0442.

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To justify faunistic comparisons of ambers that differ botanically, geographically and by age, we need to determine that resins sampled uniformly. Our pluralistic approach, analysing size distributions of 671 fossilized spider species from different behavioural guilds, demonstrates that ecological information about the communities of two well-studied ambers is retained. Several lines of evidence show that greater structural complexity of Baltic compared to Dominican amber trees explains the presence of larger web-spinners. No size differences occur in active hunters. Consequently, we demonstra

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8

Nel, André, and Romain Garrouste. "First semi-aquatic bugs Mesoveliidae and Hebridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) in Miocene Dominican amber." Insect Systematics & Evolution 41, no. 2 (2010): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631210x496822.

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AbstractTwo new semiaquatic bugs of the families Mesoveliidae and Gerridae are described from the Middle Miocene Dominican amber, Mesovelia dominicana sp.n. and Miohebrus anderseni gen.n., sp.n. The former is the first fossil record of the extant genus Mesovelia and the second described fossil of the family Mesoveliidae (the first mesoveliid fossil record was from undescribed fossils in French Cretaceous amber). The latter is the second described fossil Hebridae.

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9

HEIKKILÄ, MARIA, THOMAS J. SIMONSEN, and M. ALMA SOLIS. "Reassessment of known fossil Pyraloidea (Lepidoptera) with descriptions of the oldest fossil pyraloid and a crambid larva in Baltic amber." Zootaxa 4483, no. 1 (2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.4.

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The identifications of known fossils currently placed in the lepidopteran superfamily Pyraloidea are critically re-examined. Of the eleven fossils examined, only three are confirmed to show morphological characters supporting placement in the superfamily. These fossils include a crambid larva in Baltic Amber, Baltianania yantarnia, Solis gen. n. et sp. n. and the oldest known fossil pyraloid, Eopyralis morsae Simonsen, gen. n. et sp. n. The third fossil, Glendotricha olgae Kusnezov, 1941, displays apomorphic characters for Pyraloidea, but is shown to be an inclusion in copal, not Baltic amber

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10

Shavrin, Alexey V., and Shûhei Yamamoto. "Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae)." ZooKeys 863 (July 11, 2019): 35–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662.

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Fossil records of the subfamily Omaliinae are fragmentary and most of them are less informative compression fossils. Baltic amber from the mid-Eocene of northern Europe is one of the most important sources of insect fossils, but only two reliably placed omaliines have been described. Here, we provide a general overview of this subfamily in Baltic amber. In total, five new extinct species of four genera in three tribes are described and illustrated:Geodromicusbalticussp. nov.(Anthophagini),Eusphalerumkantisp. nov.(Eusphalerini),Paraphloeostibamorosasp. nov.,Phyllodrepadaedalisp. nov., andPh.ica

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Bukejs, Andris, Jiří Háva, and Vitalii I. Alekseev. "A new fossil species of <i>Attagenus</i> Latreille (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) in Rovno and Baltic ambers, with a brief review of known fossil beetles from the Rovno amber Lagerstätte." Fossil Record 23, no. 1 (2020): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020.

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Abstract. Based on two specimens originating from Eocene Rovno and Baltic ambers, Attagenus (Aethriostoma) gedanicissimus sp. nov. is described, illustrated and compared with the related fossil Mesozoic species A. (Aethriostoma) turonianensis Peris et Háva, 2016. The common beetle species for Baltic and Rovno ambers suggests the exceptional temporal and geographical closeness of palaeoecosystems that produced both amber deposits. An updated checklist of Coleoptera known from Rovno amber (57 species belonging to 20 families) is compiled and provided with a bibliography of the original descripti

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Shavrin, Alexey V., and Shûhei Yamamoto. "Unexpected palaeodiversity of omaliine rove beetles in Eocene Baltic amber (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Omaliinae)." ZooKeys 863 (July 11, 2019): 35–83. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.34662.

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Fossil records of the subfamily Omaliinae are fragmentary and most of them are less informative compression fossils. Baltic amber from the mid-Eocene of northern Europe is one of the most important sources of insect fossils, but only two reliably placed omaliines have been described. Here, we provide a general overview of this subfamily in Baltic amber. In total, five new extinct species of four genera in three tribes are described and illustrated: Geodromicus balticus sp. nov. (Anthophagini), Eusphalerum kanti sp. nov. (Eusphalerini), Paraphloeostiba morosa sp. nov., Phyllodrepa daedali sp. n

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13

Dunlop, Jason, and Plamen Mitov. "Fossil harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) from Bitterfeld amber." ZooKeys 16 (July 29, 2009): 347–75. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.16.224.

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Fossil harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Dyspnoi and Eupnoi) are described from Bitterfeld amber, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. The exact age of this amber has been in dispute, but recent work suggests it is youngest Palaeogene (Oligocene: Chattian). <em>Histricostoma tuberculatum</em> (Koch & Berendt, 1854), <em>Caddo dentipalpus</em> (Koch & Berendt, 1854), <em>Dicranopalpus ramiger</em> (Koch & Berendt, 1854) and <em>Leiobunum longipes</em> Menge, 1854 – all of which are also known from Eocene Baltic amber – are reported from Bitterfeld

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Bouju, Valentine, and Vincent Perrichot. "A review of amber and copal occurrences in Africa and their paleontological significance." BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 191 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2020018.

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The paleontological interest for fossil plant resins (amber and copal) has greatly increased in the last decades, as field studies have resulted in the discovery of various new deposits worldwide. Yet, amber-rich deposits remain particularly scarce on continents from former Gondwana. Here we review the known occurrences of copal and amber from Africa, with a state-of-the-art regarding the age dating, the putative plant sources, the fossil content, as well as the paleoenvironmental settings. The first African ambers known to yield arthropods and other organismal inclusions, found recently from

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15

Barden, Phillip, Christine E. Sosiak, Jonpierre Grajales, et al. "Non-destructive comparative evaluation of fossil amber using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (2022): e0262983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262983.

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Fossilized plant resins, or ambers, offer a unique paleontological window into the history of life. A natural polymer, amber can preserve aspects of ancient environments, including whole organisms, for tens or even hundreds of millions of years. While most amber research involves imaging with visual light, other spectra are increasingly used to characterize both organismal inclusions as well as amber matrix. Terahertz (THz) radiation, which occupies the electromagnetic band between microwave and infrared light wavelengths, is non-ionizing and frequently used in polymer spectroscopy. Here, we e

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16

Kaasalainen, Ulla, Jouko Rikkinen, and Alexander R. Schmidt. "Fossil Usnea and similar fruticose lichens from Palaeogene amber." Lichenologist 52, no. 4 (2020): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282920000286.

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AbstractFruticose lichens of the genus Usnea Dill. ex Adans. (Parmeliaceae), generally known as beard lichens, are among the most iconic epiphytic lichens in modern forest ecosystems. Many of the c. 350 currently recognized species are widely distributed and have been used as bioindicators in air pollution studies. Here we demonstrate that usneoid lichens were present in the Palaeogene amber forests of Europe. Based on general morphology and annular cortical fragmentation, one fossil from Baltic amber can be assigned to the extant genus Usnea. The unique type of cortical cracking indirectly de

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17

ANISYUTKIN, LEONID N., DMITRY V. VASILENKO, and EVGENY E. PERKOVSKY. "A new amber representative of the genus Ectobius Stephens, 1835 (Blattodea: Ectobiidae) from Storebælt (Denmark)." Zootaxa 5397, no. 3 (2024): 342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5397.3.2.

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A new fossil cockroach, Ectobius danekrae sp. nov., is described on the basis of a single male adult individual from late Eocene Danish amber. This is the third representative of the genus Ectobius Stephens, 1835 from Eocene ambers. The new species exhibits plesiomorphic characters of small right stylus and subsymmetrical claws, compared to the known fossil and living species of the genus. The references to Ectobius balticus (Germar et Berendt, 1856) and Margattea Shelford, 1911 sp. presence in Danish amber are insufficient.

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Seyfullah, Leyla J., Mario Coiro, Vivi Vajda, Stephen McLoughlin, and Margret Steinthorsdottir. "Detection of in situ resinous traces in Jurassic conifers from floras lacking amber." Fossil Imprint 80, no. 1 (2024): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2024.007.

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Amber deposits are rare in Jurassic successions, occurring in small quantities, whereas Lower Cretaceous strata host many substantial and commonly fossiliferous amber deposits worldwide. Minor amounts of Early Jurassic amber have been reported from Italy, and small amounts of Late Jurassic amber are known from Lebanon, Jordan and Thailand. Other Jurassic amber deposits that require reinvestigation of their age and provenance have also been reported from Denmark and France. Few of these amber deposits contain fossils, the others lack inclusions, suggesting a ‘Jurassic amber gap’ in the fossil r

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Hartl, C., A. R. Schmidt, J. Heinrichs, et al. "Lichen preservation in amber: morphology, ultrastructure, chemofossils, and taphonomic alteration." Fossil Record 18, no. 2 (2015): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-18-127-2015.

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Abstract. The fossil record of lichens is scarce and many putative fossil lichens do not show an actual physiological relationship between mycobionts and photobionts or a typical habit, and are therefore disputed. Amber has preserved a huge variety of organisms in microscopic fidelity, and so the study of amber fossils is promising for elucidating the fossil history of lichens. However, so far it has not been tested as to how amber inclusions of lichens are preserved regarding their internal characters, ultrastructure, and chemofossils. Here, we apply light microscopy, scanning electron micros

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Bukejs, Andris, Jiří HAEva, and Vitalii I. Alekseev. "A new fossil species of Attagenus Latreille (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) in Rovno and Baltic ambers, with a brief review of known fossil beetles from the Rovno amber Lagerstätte." Fossil Record 23, no. 1 (2020): 95–104. https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020.

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Bukejs, Andris, HAEva, Jiří, Alekseev, Vitalii I. (2020): A new fossil species of Attagenus Latreille (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) in Rovno and Baltic ambers, with a brief review of known fossil beetles from the Rovno amber Lagerstätte. Fossil Record 23 (1): 95-104, DOI: 10.5194/fr-23-95-2020, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020

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Nakamine, Hiroshi, Shûhei Yamamoto, and Yui Takahashi. "Hidden diversity of small predators: new thorny lacewings from mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae: Paraberothinae)." Geological Magazine 157, no. 7 (2020): 1149–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756820000205.

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AbstractThorny lacewings (Rhachiberothidae) are currently distributed only within Africa, whereas they are prevalent in the fossil record of various Cretaceous ambers across the Northern Hemisphere, with a handful of the fossil records from some Eocene European ambers. Four rhachiberothid species in four extinct genera are known from the mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Here, we report further examples of the remarkable palaeodiversity of this group from the same amber deposit, adding the four new fossil genera and seven new species: Acanthoberotha cuspis gen. et sp. nov., Astioberoth

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Vorontsov, Dmitry D., Vasiliy B. Kolesnikov, Elena E. Voronezhskaya, et al. "Beyond the Limits of Light: An Application of Super-Resolution Confocal Microscopy (sCLSM) to Investigate Eocene Amber Microfossils." Life 13, no. 4 (2023): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13040865.

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Amber is known as one of the best sources of fossil organisms preserved with exceptional fidelity. Historically, different methods of imaging have been applied to amber, including optical microscopy and microtomography. These methods are sufficient to resolve millimeter-scaled fossils. However, microfossils, such as microarthropods, require another resolution. Here, we describe a non-destructive method of super resolution confocal microscopy (sCLSM) to study amber-preserved microfossils, using a novel astigmatid mite species (genus Histiogaster, Acaridae) from Eocene Rovno amber as a model. We

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SZWEDO, JACEK, and MÓNICA M. SOLÓRZANO KRAEMER. "Fossils X3 for the 8^th time and IPS Meeting in Santo Domingo, April 2019." Palaeoentomology 2, no. 3 (2019): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.3.1.

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The Fossil Insect Network was created 33 years ago in 1996 in Strasbourg, France, under the auspices of the European Science Foundation. Since then, several meetings were organised: 1998—First International Palaeoentomological Conference in Moscow, Russia; 1998—World Congress on Amber Inclusions in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country, Spain; 2000—Brazilian Symposium on Palaeoarthropodology in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; 2001—Second International Congress on Palaeoentomology, Fossil Insects, Kraków, Poland. This Congress in Kraków was also the origination of the International Palaeoentomological Societ

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Viertler, Alexandra, Seraina Klopfstein, Corentin Jouault, and Tamara Spasojevic. "Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) in Lower Eocene amber from the Paris basin." Journal of Hymenoptera Research 89 (February 28, 2022): 19–45. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.89.80163.

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Despite their ecological importance, Darwin wasps (Ichneumonidae) are among the most poorly studied groups of organisms. It is therefore not surprising that their fossil record is even more poorly understood than their extant diversity. The early Eocene seems rather fossil-poor regarding Ichneumonidae in amber and only one species, Palaeometopius eocenicus Menier et al., 2004, was described so far from Oise Amber from the Paris basin. Here, two new ichneumonid genera and species, Madma oisella gen. et. sp. nov. and Pappous trichomatius gen. et. sp. nov. are described and the placement of Palae

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Brysz, Alicja Magdalena, and Jacek Szwedo. "The fossil record of the planthopper family Achilidae, with particular reference to those in Baltic amber (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha)." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 107, no. 2-3 (2016): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175569101700041x.

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ABSTRACTThe family Achilidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, commonly called planthoppers) is one of the least known and least understood groups, due to their cryptic lifestyle. They appear in the fossil record in the Lower Cretaceous, with a single genus and two species from the Crato Formation of Brazil. The oldest amber inclusion is reported from the earliest Late Cretaceous amber of Burma. Surprisingly, Achilidae are relatively common among the larger inclusions that can be found in Eocene Baltic amber. The first description of a fossil species was in the mid-19th Century. Currently, there are

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HAKIM, MARINA, MOUNIR MAALOUF, and DANY AZAR. "Cretacetrocta, a new genus of barklice from the Early Cretaceous Lebanese amber." Palaeoentomology 7, no. 3 (2024): 395–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.7.3.9.

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Pachytroctidae is a diverse extant family of Troctomorpha, represented by few fossil taxa from the Cretaceous ambers of Myanmar and Lebanon, and a single species from the Eocene amber of France (Oise). Herein, we describe and illustrate a new monospecific genus Cretacetrocta libanella Hakim & Azar gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous Bqaatouta amber outcrop (Lebanon). The new taxon is tentatively assigned to Pachytroctidae, and the only hitherto record from Lebanese amber of the subfamily Tapinellinae. The new finding reveals potential unreliability of the character ‘nodulus’ as a ke

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Tilgner, Erich. "The fossil record of Phasmida (Insecta: Neoptera)." Insect Systematics & Evolution 31, no. 4 (2000): 473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631200x00507.

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AbstractA review of the Phasmida fossil record is provided. No fossils of Timema Scudder are known. Euphasmida fossils include: Agathemera reclusa Scudder, Electrobaculum gracilis Sharov, Eophasma oregonense Sellick, Eophasma minor Sellick, Eophasmina manchesteri Sellick, Pseudoperla gracilipes Pictet, Pseudoperla lineata Pictet and various unclassified species from Grube Messel, Baltic amber, and Dominican Republic amber. The oldest documented Euphasmida fossils are 44-49 million years old; molecular clock dating underestimates the origin of the sister group Timema by at least 24 million year

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Jenkins Shaw, Josh, Bo Wang, Ming Bai, and Dagmara Żyła. "The Oldest Representative of the Rove Beetle Tribe Pinophilini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Paederinae), from Upper Cretaceous Burmese Amber." Insects 11, no. 3 (2020): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11030174.

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The recently reviewed subtribe Procirrina comprises eight extant genera with a predominately (sub)tropical distribution. Previous phylogenies consistently recover the tribe Pinophilini of the subfamily Paederinae monophyletic. No fossils of the tribe have been described, although compression fossils are known from the Cenozoic Green River Formation (50.3–46.2 Ma) as well as inclusions from the Miocene Dominican (20.43–13.65 Ma) and Mexican (20–15 Ma) ambers. Here we describe †Cretoprocirrus trichotos Jenkins Shaw and Żyła gen. et sp. n., the oldest fossil representative of the tribe Pinophilin

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Sánchez-García, Alba, André Nel, Antonio Arillo, and Mónica M. Solórzano Kraemer. "The semi-aquatic pondweed bugs of a Cretaceous swamp." PeerJ 5 (September 5, 2017): e3760. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3760.

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Pondweed bugs (Hemiptera: Mesoveliidae), considered a sister group to all other Gerromorpha, are exceedingly rare as fossils. Therefore, each new discovery of a fossil mesoveliid is of high interest, giving new insight into their early evolutionary history and diversity and enabling the testing of their proposed relationships. Here, we report the discovery of new mesoveliid material from Spanish Lower Cretaceous (Albian) amber, which is the first such find in Spanish amber. To date, fossil records of this family only include one species from French Kimmeridgian as compression fossils, two spec

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Baranov, Viktor A., Yinan Wang, Rok Gašparič, Sonja Wedmann, and Joachim T. Haug. "Eco-morphological diversity of larvae of soldier flies and their closest relatives in deep time." PeerJ 8 (November 27, 2020): e10356. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10356.

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Stratiomyomorpha (soldier flies and allies) is an ingroup of Diptera, with a fossil record stretching back to the Early Cretaceous (the Barremian, about 125 MYA). Stratiomyomorpha includes at least 3,000 species in the modern fauna, with many species being crucial for ecosystem functions, especially as saprophages. Larvae of many stratiomyomorphans are especially important as scavengers and saproxyls in modern ecosystems. Yet, fossil larvae of the group are extremely scarce. Here we present 23 new records of fossil stratiomyomorphan larvae, representing six discrete morphotypes. Specimens orig

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KRAEMER, MÓNICA M. SOLÓRZANO, BRADLEY J. SINCLAIR, and JEFFREY M. CUMMING. "Five new species of Tachydromiinae (Diptera: Empididae s.l.) from New World Tertiary ambers." Zootaxa 1010, no. 1 (2005): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1010.1.4.

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Five new species of Tachydromiinae (Empididae s.l.) are described, four from Mexican amber (Chaetodromia pulchra sp. nov., Drapetis dissentis sp. nov., Micrempis brevis sp. nov., Stilpon mexicanus sp. nov.) and one from Dominican amber (Chersodromia dominicana sp. nov.). These are the first tachydromiine species described from New World Tertiary (Oligocene-Miocene) ambers. Thirty-two Tertiary fossil species of Tachydromiinae are now known worldwide.

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Lohrmann, Volker, Qi Zhang, Peter Michalik, et al. "<i>†</i><i>Cretolixon</i> – a remarkable new genus of rhopalosomatid wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea: Rhopalosomatidae) from chemically tested, mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Kachin) amber supports the monophyly of Rhopalosomatinae." Fossil Record 23, no. 2 (2020): 215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-215-2020.

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Abstract. Rhopalosomatidae, currently considered the sister group of the Vespidae, are an enigmatic family of aculeate wasps that originated in the Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous. Despite their considerable age, very few fossils of the family have been reported – all of them in amber (Miocene Dominican, Miocene Mexican, and mid-Cretaceous Burmese ambers). Here we report a new mid-Cretaceous rhopalosomatid wasp, Cretolixon alatum Lohrmann, gen. et sp. nov., from Burmese (Kachin) amber. This new genus has a unique mixture of characters, some of which are only known from the recent brachyptero

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Sadowski, Eva-Maria, Leyla J. Seyfullah, Friederike Sadowski, Andreas Fleischmann, Hermann Behling, and Alexander R. Schmidt. "Carnivorous leaves from Baltic amber." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 1 (2014): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414777111.

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The fossil record of carnivorous plants is very scarce and macrofossil evidence has been restricted to seeds of the extant aquatic genus Aldrovanda of the Droseraceae family. No case of carnivorous plant traps has so far been reported from the fossil record. Here, we present two angiosperm leaves enclosed in a piece of Eocene Baltic amber that share relevant morphological features with extant Roridulaceae, a carnivorous plant family that is today endemic to the Cape flora of South Africa. Modern Roridula species are unique among carnivorous plants as they digest prey in a complex mutualistic a

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Labandeira, Conrad C. "Amber." Paleontological Society Papers 20 (October 2014): 163–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600002850.

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The amber fossil record provides a distinctive, 320-million-year-old taphonomic mode documenting gymnosperm, and later, angiosperm, resin-producing taxa. Resins and their subfossil (copal) and fossilized (amber) equivalents are categorized into five classes of terpenoid, phenols, and other compounds, attributed to extant family-level taxa. Copious resin accumulations commencing during the early Cretaceous are explained by two hypotheses: 1) abundant resin production as a byproduct of plant secondary metabolism, and 2) induced and constitutive host defenses for warding off insect pest and patho

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SANTOS, DAUBIAN, VÍCTOR CÓRDOVA-TABARES, and LUCAS R. P. GOMES. "Two new species of Trentepohlia (Paramongona) (Diptera: Limoniinae) from Mexican amber (Miocene)." Palaeoentomology 8, no. 2 (2025): 182–94. https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.8.2.9.

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Trentepohlia Bigot is a cosmopolite and diverse genus, including both current and extinct species. Its fossil record includes Baltic, Burmese, Dominican, Mexican, and Sumatra ambers, as well as in fossil compressions. In this study, we described two more species of Trentepohlia from Miocene Mexican amber, including illustrations and an updated identification key for fossil Trentepohlia (Paramongoma). We also compare the new species with previously fossil species described in the genus, discussing their morphology, paleobiology, and systematics.

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Szawaryn, Karol, Elżbieta Sontag, and Daniel Kubisz. "The first described fossil Oedemeridae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from Baltic amber." Journal of Paleontology 96, no. 2 (2021): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2021.102.

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AbstractMolecular dating estimates the appearance of the family Oedemeridae in the Early Cretaceous. Several fossil representatives are known from Spanish (105 Ma) and Myanmar (99 Ma) ambers. The family also has been mentioned by several authors to occur in Eocene Baltic amber, but virtually no species was described until now. Here, we provide a description of the first fossil oedemerid species from Eocene Baltic amber, which is classified within subfamily Oedemerinae, in the extant genus Oedemera Olivier as Oedemera (s. str.) girulskii n. sp. The presence of appendiculate pretarsal claws and

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Waggoner, Benjamin M. "Fossil actinomycete in Eocene-Oligocene Dominican amber." Journal of Paleontology 68, no. 2 (1994): 398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000022964.

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Actinomycetes are Gram-positive prokaryotes that tend to form branching and fragmenting filaments, which in some groups form a sizable mycelium. They make up a large and important part of modern terrestrial microfloras but are not known extensively as fossils, although they have a long fossil history. Actinomycete-like fossils appear several times in the Precambrian: in the middle Precambrian Gowganda Formation of Ontario (Jackson, 1967), in the 2.0 Ga Gunflint Chert of Ontario (Lanier, 1987), and possibly in a lichen-like symbiosis in the 2.8 Ga Witwatersrand rocks of South Africa (Hallbauer

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PERIS, DAVID, JOSEF JELÍNEK, SIMONE SABATELLI, et al. "Cretabaltoraea volsella gen. et sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) from Cretaceous Kachin amber and its relationship with Eocene Baltoraea (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)." Mesozoic 1, no. 3 (2024): 298–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/mesozoic.1.3.10.

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Here we describe Cretabaltoraea volsella Peris, Jelínek & Audisio gen. et sp. nov. of the family Nitidulidae (Coleoptera). As implied by its generic name, the new species is described after a fossil specimen preserved in the Upper Cretaceous Kachin amber from northern Myanmar. This new species is rather similar to the two fossil nitidulid species of Baltoraea Kurochkin & Kirejtshuk, 2010, previously described from the Eocene Baltic amber. The comparison between this group of fossils and the study of Baltoraea simillima Kurochkin & Kirejtshuk, 2010 using CT-scanning suggest that Cre

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ALEKSEEV, VITALII IGOREVICH, ANDRIS BUKEJS, and DARREN ANDREW POLLOCK. "A new fossil Eurypinae genus and sexual dimorphism in the representatives of Omineus (Coleoptera: Mycteridae) from Tertiary amber of Europe." Zootaxa 4820, no. 3 (2020): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4820.3.8.

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Europoeurypus inglaeso gen. et sp. nov. is described from Eocene Baltic amber found on the Sambian Peninsula, Kaliningrad Region, Russia. Four additional specimens of mycterid beetles from collections of Baltic amber are reported. The secondary sexual characters and sexual dimorphism in the Eocene representatives of the genus Omineus Lewis, 1895 are documented for the first time and examined using X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT). The studied Omineus male specimens were attributed to the fossil species Omineus febribilis Alekseev, Pollock & Bukejs, 2019. A key to fossil species of Eur

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Pohl, Hans. "Die Stammgruppe der Fächerflügler (Insecta, Strepsiptera)." Archiv Natur- und Landeskunde Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 58 (November 19, 2021): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/anlk.58.06.

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Die Fächerflügler (Strepsiptera) sind mit nur ca. 600 beschriebenen rezenten Arten eine kleine, parasitische Gruppe der holometabolen Insekten. Fossilfunde sind selten, aber in den letzten Jahren hat sich die Kenntnis der Stammgruppe der Strepsiptera durch die Entdeckung gut erhaltener Arten aus kreidezeitlichem burmesischem Bernstein und eozänem baltischen Bernstein stark vermehrt. Bis auf ganz wenige Ausnahmen, wie eine fossile Primärlarve aus burmesischem Bernstein und ein spätes weibliches Larvenstadium der †Mengeidae aus baltischem Bernstein, sind nur Männchen bekannt. Diese Bernsteinfoss

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ROSS, ANDREW J. "Supplement to the Burmese (Myanmar) amber checklist and bibliography, 2024." Palaeoentomology 8, no. 1 (2025): 12–28. https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.8.1.4.

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This is a supplement to the Burmese (Myanmar) amber checklist and bibliography covering taxa described or recorded during 2024. Up to the end of 2024, 2,989 species have been recorded from Kachin amber (excluding trace fossils and marine encrusters), of which 226 were named in 2024. Additionally, 21 species have been recorded from older Hkamti amber (three named in 2024) and two species from younger Tilin amber (both named in 2024). Another three species were named in 2024, though it is uncertain whether they are in Kachin, Hkamti or Tilin amber. In total, 235 species (including one trace foss

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Dunlop, Jason A., Ulrich Kotthoff, Jörg U. Hammel, Jennifer Ahrens, and Danilo Harms. "Arachnids in Bitterfeld amber: A unique fauna of fossils from the heart of Europe or simply old friends?" Evolutionary Systematics 2 (March 26, 2018): 31–44. https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.2.22581.

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Bitterfeld amber, sometimes referred to as Saxon or Saxonian amber, is a potentially significant but poorly known source of arthropod data for the Palaeogene of northern Europe. An important aspect is a long-standing controversy about the age of this amber: namely whether it is equivalent to, and perhaps merely a southerly extension of, the better-known Baltic amber, or whether it is a unique and geological younger deposit sampling a different fauna. Here, we briefly review the Bitterfeld arachnids with particular emphasis on how these data could be used to elucidate the age of this deposit. F

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Breton, Gérard, and George Poinar. "Synopsis of rare fossil animal spermatozoa in amber and sedimentary deposits." BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 191 (2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2020014.

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Fossil spermatozoa are extremely rare. Among the eight cases reported here, including two cases of spermatophores without visible sperm cells, six are fossils preserved in amber. All six concern animals with indirect sperm transfer by means of spermatophores or spermatodesmids. Preservation of subcellular organelles shows once again that amber is an extraordinary preservation medium.

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López-García, Ana G., Alexander R. Schmidt, Maité Serguera, and Ledis Regalado. "First record of Selaginella from Miocene amber." Fossil Record 28, no. 1 (2025): 57–66. https://doi.org/10.3897/fr.28.e138310.

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Among extant lycophytes, Selaginella (Selaginellaceae, spike mosses) is the most species-rich genus, with over 700 described species. The evolutionary history of this lycophyte genus dates back to the Carboniferous or even Devonian; however, amber-preserved Selaginella fossils were previously only described from mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar. Here, we report the first fossil from Miocene Dominican amber attributable to Selaginella based on macromorphological characters and compare the fossil morphology to extant species of the genus. Selaginella jorelisiaesp. nov. can be identified based o

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Naumenko, U. Z., and V. M. Matsui. "Map of fossil resins of Ukraine." Мінеральні ресурси України, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31996/mru.2020.4.13-17.

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Finding out the conditions of the geological past under which tar secretions were fossilised and primary bio-sedimentary deposits of protoamber were accumulated and amber-succinite placers formed in the marine environment is an important link in scientific research. Insufficient study of amber-succinite as an organic formation, which has gone through a difficult path of transition from wildlife to minerals, leads to irrational use and search for such valuable raw materials and its extraction is much less beneficial than planned. The authors have carried out a comprehensive systematizatio

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Solórzano Kraemer, Mónica M., Xavier Delclòs, Matthew E. Clapham, et al. "Arthropods in modern resins reveal if amber accurately recorded forest arthropod communities." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 26 (2018): 6739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802138115.

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Amber is an organic multicompound derivative from the polymerization of resin of diverse higher plants. Compared with other modes of fossil preservation, amber records the anatomy of and ecological interactions between ancient soft-bodied organisms with exceptional fidelity. However, it is currently suggested that ambers do not accurately record the composition of arthropod forest paleocommunities, due to crucial taphonomic biases. We evaluated the effects of taphonomic processes on arthropod entrapment by resin from the plantHymenaea, one of the most important resin-producing trees and a prod

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Moritz, Leif, Benjamin Wipfler, and Thomas Wesener. "Protosiphonorhinus patrickmuelleri gen. et sp. nov., the first fossil member of the sucking millipede family Siphonorhinidae (Colobognatha, Siphonophorida) described from Cretaceous Myanmar amber." Evolutionary Systematics 9, no. 1 (2025): 77–86. https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.9.147291.

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Millipedes (Diplopoda) are an abundant group of fossilized terrestrial arthropods throughout the Palaeozoic Era. However, there is a gap in the Mesozoic Period with only slightly more than a dozen fossils known, until more recent fossil records – mainly from Cenozoic Dominican and Baltic ambers – became available. Here, we describe a millipede of the family Siphonorhinidae from Myanmar amber, a species-poor group, comprising just six extant genera, disjunctly distributed in Southeast Asia, South Africa, Madagascar, Chile and California. Micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) enabled detailed visuali

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Moritz, Leif, Benjamin Wipfler, and Thomas Wesener. "Protosiphonorhinus patrickmuelleri gen. et sp. nov., the first fossil member of the sucking millipede family Siphonorhinidae (Colobognatha, Siphonophorida) described from Cretaceous Myanmar amber." Evolutionary Systematics 9 (March 17, 2025): 77–86. https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.9.147291.

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Millipedes (Diplopoda) are an abundant group of fossilized terrestrial arthropods throughout the Palaeozoic Era. However, there is a gap in the Mesozoic Period with only slightly more than a dozen fossils known, until more recent fossil records – mainly from Cenozoic Dominican and Baltic ambers – became available. Here, we describe a millipede of the family Siphonorhinidae from Myanmar amber, a species-poor group, comprising just six extant genera, disjunctly distributed in Southeast Asia, South Africa, Madagascar, Chile and California. Micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) enabled detailed visuali

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Engel, Michael S., David A. Grimaldi, and Jaime Ortega-Blanco. "Zoropelecinus zigrasi, a pelecinid wasp in mid-Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae)." Novitates Paleoentomologicae, no. 4 (September 6, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/np.v0i4.4571.

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The proctotrupoid wasp family Pelecinidae (Proctotrupomorpha: Proctotrupoidea) is recorded in Early Cretaceous amber for the first time, previous amber inclusions being from the Late Cretaceous or Tertiary. Zoropelecinus zigrasi Engel & Grimaldi, new genus and species, is described and figured from an exquisitely preserved female in Albian-Cenomanian amber from Myanmar. The genus is similar to other fossil pelecinids of the genera Pelecinopteron Brues (Paleogene ambers of the Baltic and Siberia) and Henopelecinus Engel & Grimaldi (Turonian amber, New Jersey). Although two subfamilies h

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Riquelme, Francisco, José Luis Ruvalcaba-Sil, Jesús Alvarado-Ortega, et al. "Amber from México: Coahuilite, Simojovelite and Bacalite." MRS Proceedings 1618 (2014): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2014.466.

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ABSTRACTCoahuilite, a new variety of amber is described from the Late Cretaceous Olmos Formation (ca. 73 Ma.), Coahuila, north of México. This amber is totally distinct chemically and stratigraphically from the Miocene Chiapas amber (ca. 23-13 Ma.), Southern México, which according to mineral nomenclature is currently known as Simojovelite var. nov. Additionally, an emended description of Bacalite is proposed, based on the physicochemical analysis and geological record of a fossil resin recently recovery from the Late Cretaceous El Gallo Formation (ca. 73 Ma.), Baja California, northwestern Mé

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