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Journal articles on the topic 'Ambystoma tigrinum'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Taylor, Alison S., and James P. Bogart. "Karyotypic analyses of four species of Ambystoma (Amphibia, Caudata) that have been implicated in the production of all-female hybrids." Genome 33, no. 6 (December 1, 1990): 837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g90-126.

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Four salamander species of the genus Ambystoma hybridize in the Great Lakes region of eastern North America. The hybrids are mostly polyploid and virtually all-female. Basic chromosomal morphology and C-banding patterns of Ambystoma laterale, A. jeffersonianum, A. texanum, and A. tigrinum tigrinum were examined in an attempt to find some markers that would be useful to recognize genomic constitution of the hybrids. Several minor morphological differences were found among the karyotypes of the four species, but none were of sufficient magnitude to unambiguously assign genomic content in a hybrid. There was no evidence of sexually dimorphic bands in any of the species.Key words: chromosomes, Ambystoma, C-bands, hybridization, amphibia.

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2

De Ruyter, Martin L., and Daniel F. Stiffler. "Interrenal function in larval Ambystoma tigrinum." General and Comparative Endocrinology 62, no. 2 (May 1986): 298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(86)90120-6.

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3

Stiffler, Daniel F., Martin L. De Ruyter, Peter B. Hanson, and Marianne Marshall. "Interrenal function in larval Ambystoma tigrinum." General and Comparative Endocrinology 62, no. 2 (May 1986): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(86)90119-x.

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4

Greer, AL, JL Brunner, and JP Collins. "Spatial and temporal patterns of Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV) prevalence in tiger salamanders Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 85 (May 27, 2009): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02061.

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5

Lannoo, Michael J., Leslie Lowcock, and James P. Bogart. "Sibling cannibalism in noncannibal morph Ambystoma tigrinum larvae and its correlation with high growth rates and early metamorphosis." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 8 (August 1, 1989): 1911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-273.

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We describe here, for the first time, the existence of an Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum larval morph characterized by fast growth rates and early metamorphosis and triggered by cannibalism. This new morph does not have the anatomical specializations of true A. tigrinum cannibal morphs, i.e., enlarged vomerine teeth and a wider head described previously by several workers. Functionally, however, this new morph and true cannibal morphs achieve the same end; high growth rates and early metamorphosis may facilitate survival in individuals inhabiting temporary and unpredictable wetlands.

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6

Kundey, Shannon M. A., and Mitchell Phillips. "Tiger salamanders’ (Ambystoma tigrinum) use of features." Behavioural Processes 167 (October 2019): 103919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2019.103919.

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7

Pedersen, Scott C. "Skull Growth in Cannibalistic Tiger Salamanders, Ambystoma tigrinum." Southwestern Naturalist 38, no. 4 (December 1993): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3671609.

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8

Mech, S. G., A. Storfer, J. A. Ernst, M. W. Reudink, and S. C. Maloney. "Polymorphic microsatellite loci for tiger salamanders, Ambystoma tigrinum." Molecular Ecology Notes 3, no. 1 (December 18, 2002): 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-8286.2003.00356.x.

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9

Bogart, James P., Leslie A. Lowcock, Clifford W. Zeyl, and Barbara K. Mable. "Genome constitution and reproductive biology of hybrid salamanders, genus Ambystoma, on Kelleys Island in Lake Erie." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 9 (September 1, 1987): 2188–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-333.

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On Kelleys Island, Ohio, in Lake Erie, are found bisexual Ambystoma tigrinum and Ambystoma texanum as well as five different combinations of diploid and polyploid hybrid female salamanders. Genome composition and ploidy of salamanders from five breeding sites on the island were examined using starch gel electrophoresis, erythrocyte area measurements, and chromosome counts. All of the hybrids contained at least one Ambystoma laterale genome, yet pure individuals of this species were not encountered. Embryonic mortality was severe among eggs deposited by 42 hybrid females. The few resulting offspring, when compared electrophoretically with their mothers, showed no evidence of being the product of parthenogenesis. Recently described Ambystoma nothagenes Kraus is not a valid species as this trihybrid is demonstrated to be genetically heterogeneous and independently derived from diploid A. laterale × texanum hybrids.

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10

Baker, M. R. "Redescription of Megalobatrachonema (Chabaudgolvania) elongata (Baird, 1858) n. comb. (Nematoda: Kathlaniidae) parasitic in North American salamanders." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 7 (July 1, 1986): 1573–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-235.

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Megalobatrachonema (Chabaudgolvania) elongata (Baird, 1858) n. comb, is redescribed based on specimens from Ambystoma tigrinum, A. lacustris, Ambystoma sp., and Rhyacosideron altamirani (Ambystomatidae) from various localities in Mexico. The species is transferred to Megalobatrachonema from Falcaustra because the oesophagus lacks valves and the oesophageal bulb is reduced in size. Megalobatrachonema (C.) elongata may be differentiated from the only other species in the same subgenus, M. (C.) terdentatum (Linstow, 1890), from Triturus spp. (Salamandridae) of Europe, by differences in oesophageal and cephalic morphology, and the distribution of caudal papillae in males.

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11

Zeyl, Clifford W., and Leslie A. Lowcock. "A morphometric analysis of hybrid salamanders (genus Ambystoma) and their progenitors on Kelleys Island in Lake Erie." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 2376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-336.

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Six morphometric characters and one meristic character were measured on 96 adult and 88 juvenile Ambystoma from Kelleys Island, where extensive hybridization involves three species. Canonical variates, discriminant functions, and size-constrained principal components analyses showed that A. laterale (represented only in hybrids on Kelleys Island), A. texanum, A. tigrinum, and A. laterale–texanum–tigrinum are distinguishable from each other and from a complex of hybrids involving A. texanum and A. laterale. Within the latter complex, different ploidies are not distinct morphologically. Introgression may explain isolated atypical individuals. Adults differ from juveniles in both size and shape, demonstrating allometry.

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12

Vega, Rosario, Aída Ortega, Angélica Almanza, and Enrique Soto. "Nitric oxide in the amphibian (Ambystoma tigrinum) lateral line." Neuroscience Letters 393, no. 1 (January 2006): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2005.09.041.

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13

Jancovich, JK, EW Davidson, A. Seiler, BL Jacobs, and JP Collins. "transmission of the Ambystoma tigrinum virus to alternative hosts." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 46 (2001): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao046159.

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14

Brunner, JL, DM Schock, and JP Collins. "Transmission dynamics of the amphibian ranavirus Ambystoma tigrinum virus." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 77 (September 14, 2007): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao01845.

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15

McMenamin, Sarah K., and Elizabeth A. Hadly. "Developmental dynamics of Ambystoma tigrinum in a changing landscape." BMC Ecology 10, no. 1 (2010): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-10-10.

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16

Voss, S. Randal, Jeramiah J. Smith, David M. Gardiner, and David M. Parichy. "Conserved Vertebrate Chromosome Segments in the Large Salamander Genome." Genetics 158, no. 2 (June 1, 2001): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/158.2.735.

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Abstract Urodele amphibians (salamanders) are important models for embryological, physiological, and natural history research and are also a biomedically important group because they are the only vertebrates capable of regenerating entire organ systems. To enhance the utility of salamanders for biomedical research and for understanding genome evolution, genetic linkage analysis was used to identify chromosome segments that are homologous between ambystomatid salamanders and distantly related vertebrate model organisms. A total of 347 loci (AFLPs, RAPDs, and protein-coding loci) were mapped using an interspecific meiotic mapping panel (Ambystoma mexicanum and A. tigrinum tigrinum; family Ambystomatidae). Genome size in Ambystoma was estimated to be 7291 cM, the largest linkage map estimate reported for any organism. However, the relatively large size of the salamander genome did not hinder efforts to map and identify conserved syntenies from a small sample of 24 protein-coding loci. Chromosomal segments that are conserved between fishes and mammals are also conserved in these salamanders. Thus, comparative gene mapping appears to be an efficient strategy for identifying orthologous loci between ambystomatid salamanders and genomically well-characterized vertebrate model organisms.

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17

Harshbarger, John C., Sing Chen Chang, Louis E. DeLanney, Francis L. Rose, and David E. Green. "Cutaneous mastocytomas in the neotenic caudate amphibians Ambystoma mexicanum (axolotl) and Ambystoma tigrinum (tiger salamander)." Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 125, no. 3-4 (April 1, 1999): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004320050262.

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18

Whiteman, Howard H., Richard D. Howard, and Kathleen A. Whitten. "Effects of pH on embryo tolerance and adult behavior in the tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 8 (August 1, 1995): 1529–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-181.

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We examined adult discrimination ability and embryo performance under different pH conditions in the eastern tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum. We collected individuals from three populations in habitats that differed naturally in pH, thus allowing interpretation of population-specific responses in embryos and adults. We conducted pool-choice experiments in the field using two pH treatments to determine adult pH discrimination ability and controlled laboratory toxicity tests using eight pH treatments to evaluate embryo performance. Adult discrimination ability differed among source populations. Male salamanders from the locality with the highest pH were more likely to stay in neutral-pH pools and more likely to leave acidic ones. Males from the locality with the lowest pH were also more likely to remain within neutral pools, but their rates of staying and leaving acidic ones did not differ. These results suggest that the pH of the source-population habitat may influence breeding-habitat discrimination by adults. Decreasing pH produced similar patterns of lethal (survival) and sublethal (date and size at hatching) effects on embryos from the three populations, with reduced performance at low pH. Survival of embryos was more than 70% at pH 4.5 and above, but decreased dramatically at lower pH levels. The pH at which 50% mortality occurs (LC50) was estimated as 4.2, suggesting that tiger salamanders from our populations were relatively acid tolerant compared with congeners. However, significant sublethal effects could reduce the subsequent success of surviving hatchlings. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that adult discrimination ability depends on pH levels in the breeding habitat. This suggests that adult behavior patterns could influence the success of population reintroductions to previously acidified areas. Thus, data on pH responses at all stages in the amphibian life cycle should contribute to management decisions.

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19

Bulut, Zafer, Cory R. McCormick, David Gopurenko, Rod N. Williams, David H. Bos, and J. Andrew DeWoody. "Microsatellite mutation rates in the eastern tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum) differ 10-fold across loci." Genetica 136, no. 3 (December 24, 2008): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10709-008-9341-z.

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20

Begun, D. J., and J. P. Collins. "Biochemical Plasticity in the Arizona Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum)." Journal of Heredity 83, no. 3 (June 1992): 224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111198.

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21

Davidson, Elizabeth W., Matthew Parris, James P. Collins, Joyce E. Longcore, Allan P. Pessier, and Jesse Brunner. "Pathogenicity and Transmission of Chytridiomycosis in Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum)." Copeia 2003, no. 3 (September 2003): 601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/cp-02-120r1.

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22

Forson, Diane Denise, and Andrew Storfer. "ATRAZINE INCREASES RANAVIRUS SUSCEPTIBILITY IN THE TIGER SALAMANDER,AMBYSTOMA TIGRINUM." Ecological Applications 16, no. 6 (December 2006): 2325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2325:airsit]2.0.co;2.

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23

Carr, James A., and David O. Norris. "Interrenal activity during metamorphosis of the tiger salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum." General and Comparative Endocrinology 71, no. 1 (July 1988): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(88)90295-x.

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24

Henson-Ramsey, H., S. Kennedy-Stoskopf, J. F. Levine, S. K. Taylor, D. Shea, and M. K. Stoskopf. "Acute Toxicity and Tissue Distributions of Malathion in Ambystoma tigrinum." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 55, no. 3 (January 29, 2008): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-007-9091-4.

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25

SPEAR, STEPHEN F., CHARLES R. PETERSON, MARJORIE D. MATOCQ, and ANDREW STORFER. "Landscape genetics of the blotched tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum melanostictum)." Molecular Ecology 14, no. 8 (July 2005): 2553–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02573.x.

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26

Steen, David A., Lora L. Smith, Gabriel J. Miller, and Sean C. Sterrett. "Post-breeding Terrestrial Movements of Ambystoma tigrinum (Eastern Tiger Salamanders)." Southeastern Naturalist 5, no. 2 (June 2006): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/1528-7092(2006)5[285:ptmoat]2.0.co;2.

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27

Brainerd, EL. "Mechanics of lung ventilation in a larval salamander Ambystoma tigrinum." Journal of Experimental Biology 201, no. 20 (October 15, 1998): 2891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.201.20.2891.

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The larval stage of the tiger salamander Ambystoma tigrinum is entirely aquatic, but the larvae rely on their lungs for a large proportion of their oxygen uptake. X-ray video and pressure measurements from the buccal and body cavities demonstrate that the larvae inspire using a two-stroke buccal pump and exhale actively by contracting the hypaxial musculature to increase body pressure. Larvae begin a breath by expanding the buccal cavity to draw in air through the mouth, while simultaneously exhaling air from the lungs to mix with the fresh air in the buccal cavity. The mouth then closes, and the buccal cavity compresses to pump a portion of the mixture into the lungs. The remaining air in the buccal cavity is then released as bubbles from the mouth and gill slits. Ventilatory volumes estimated from X-ray video records indicate that approximately 80 % of the air pumped into the lungs is fresh air and 20 % is previously expired air. Exhalation in larval tiger salamanders is active, powered by contraction of all four layers of lateral hypaxial musculature. Electromyography indicates that the transverse abdominis (TA) muscle is active for the longest duration and shows the highest-amplitude activity, but the external oblique superficialis, the external oblique profundus and the internal oblique also show consistent, low-level activity. The finding that the TA muscle is active during exhalation in larval tiger salamanders contributes to a growing body of evidence that the use of the TA for exhalation is a primitive character for tetrapods.

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28

DeRuyter, Marie L., and Daniel F. Stiffler. "Acid–base and electrolyte responses to low pH maintained by phosphate–citrate buffers in the bathing medium of the larval salamander Ambystoma tigrinum." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 11 (November 1, 1988): 2383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-353.

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Larval Ambystoma tigrinum were exposed to an external pH of 3.5 to 7.5 using phosphate – citrate buffers in the bathing medium. Blood analysis of cannulated Ambystoma tigrinum at pH 5.5, 4.5, and 3.5 indicated their ability to maintain relatively stable arterial pH at the two higher values; however, at pH 3.5, the blood pH diminished over the 12-h period before death. The greater stability of arterial pH at higher external pH is partially due to a reversal of an initial increase in arterial [Formula: see text]. This may not be due entirely to pulmonary excretion of CO2 as it also occurred in animals that were forced to exchange gases solely across the skin – gill unit by being deprived of access to an air space. This result suggests increased skin – gill perfusion and (or) ventilation as a mechanism for lowering arterial [Formula: see text]. Sodium transport across the skin of A. tigrinum was measured over a buffered pH range of 3.5 to 7.5. Na+ influx decreased from 1.0 ± 0.1 μequiv. 10 g−1 h−1 (mean ± SEM) at pH 7.0 to 0.1 ± 0.1 μequiv. 10 g−1 h−1 at pH 3.5. Na+ efflux increased to 38.1 ± 8.7 μequiv. 10 g−1 h−1 from 4.1 ± 0.9 μequiv. 10 g−1 h−1 as pH declined from 7.0 to 3.5. Calcium added to the buffer at pH 4.5 decreased Na+ efflux at that pH. Na+ fluxes measured in nonbuffered, low-pH solutions revealed qualitatively similar patterns with lower efflux rates and lower critical pH values.

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29

Parris, Matthew J., Alison Davis, and James P. Collins. "Single-host pathogen effects on mortality and behavioral responses to predators in salamanders (Urodela: Ambystomatidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 9 (September 1, 2004): 1477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-127.

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Pathogens can alter host behavior and affect the outcome of predator-prey interactions. Acute phase responses of hosts (e.g., a change in activity level or behavioral fever) often signal an infection, but the ecological consequences of host behavioral changes largely are unexplored, particularly for directly transmitted (i.e., single-host) pathogens. We performed three experiments to test the hypothesis that a pathogen, Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV), alters host behavior of Sonoran tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi Lowe, 1954) and enhances predation. In the first experiment, salamander larvae exposed to ATV experienced 48% lower mortality from dragonfly Anax junius (Drury, 1773) larvae than those in controls. Second, uninfected and infected larvae exposed to the nonlethal (caged) presence of predators did not significantly differ in their distance from the predator. Infected salamanders significantly increased their activity level relative to those in controls in predator-free conditions. Finally, ATV-infected larvae preferred significantly warmer temperatures than uninfected larvae, but larvae reared at the thermal maximum for the virus all died. High host activity level yet retention of effective antipredator responses likely benefits ATV because this single-host pathogen relies on host survival for transmission. Preference for warmer temperatures may be associated with the host response to pathogens and may help fight infection.

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30

Todd, Brian D., and Christopher T. Winne. "Ontogenetic and interspecific variation in timing of movement and responses to climatic factors during migrations by pond-breeding amphibians." Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, no. 5 (May 2006): 715–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z06-054.

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Pond-breeding amphibians from temperate regions undertake overland migrations to reproduce in aquatic habitats. In turn, their offspring metamorphose and emigrate to upland, terrestrial habitats. We examined the diel patterns and daily variability of migrations of adult and juvenile amphibians in response to climatic cues. Of the eight species ( Ambystoma talpoideum (Holbrook, 1838), Ambystoma tigrinum (Green, 1825), Bufo terrestris (Bonnaterre, 1789), Hyla gratiosa LeConte, 1856, Pseudacris crucifer (Wied-Neuwid, 1838), Pseudacris ornata (Holbrook, 1836), Rana sphenocephala Cope, 1886, and Scaphiopus holbrookii (Harlan, 1935)) that we observed, all migrated almost exclusively at night except for the recently metamorphosed B. terrestris, which frequently migrated diurnally (>50% of captures). Additionally, we correlated daily captures of adult and juvenile A. talpoideum, A. tigrinum, B. terrestris, and R. sphenocephala to maximum and minimum daily temperatures, number of previous days without rain, total rainfall during the previous 24 h, and interactions of these variables. Rain was often the most important predictor of amphibian movements. However, species differed in their response to climatic factors, with some species and age classes being more dependent on rain for migrations than others. Rapid changes in regional weather patterns may affect species’ migrations differently, possibly altering arrival times of reproductive adults or affecting the likelihood of successful migrations.

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31

Church, Sheri A., Johanna M. Kraus, Joseph C. Mitchell, Don R. Church, and Douglas R. Taylor. "EVIDENCE FOR MULTIPLE PLEISTOCENE REFUGIA IN THE POSTGLACIAL EXPANSION OF THE EASTERN TIGER SALAMANDER, AMBYSTOMA TIGRINUM TIGRINUM." Evolution 57, no. 2 (2003): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1554/0014-3820(2003)057[0372:efmpri]2.0.co;2.

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32

Church, Sheri A., Johanna M. Kraus, Joseph C. Mitchell, Don R. Church, and Douglas R. Taylor. "EVIDENCE FOR MULTIPLE PLEISTOCENE REFUGIA IN THE POSTGLACIAL EXPANSION OF THE EASTERN TIGER SALAMANDER, AMBYSTOMA TIGRINUM TIGRINUM." Evolution 57, no. 2 (February 2003): 372–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00271.x.

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33

Jones, Thomas R., James P. Collins, Thomas D. Kocher, and Jeffry B. Mitton. "Systematic Status and Distribution of Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi Lowe (Amphibia: Caudata)." Copeia 1988, no. 3 (August 3, 1988): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1445380.

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34

Norris, David O. "Seasonal Changes in Diet of Paedogenetic Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum mavortium)." Journal of Herpetology 23, no. 1 (March 1989): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1564325.

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35

Holomuzki, Joseph R. "Intraspecific Predation and Habitat Use by Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum nebulosum)." Journal of Herpetology 20, no. 3 (September 1986): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1564508.

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36

Kiesecker, Joseph. "pH-Mediated Predator-Prey Interactions Between Ambystoma Tigrinum and Pseudacris Triseriata." Ecological Applications 6, no. 4 (November 1996): 1325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2269610.

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37

Parris, Matthew J., Andrew Storfer, James P. Collins, and Elizabeth W. Davidson. "Life-History Responses to Pathogens in Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) Larvae." Journal of Herpetology 39, no. 3 (September 2005): 366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1670/183-04n.1.

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38

Aron, Mariah M., Alexander G. Allen, Mathew Kromer, Hector Galvez, Brianna Vigil, and James K. Jancovich. "Identification of essential and non-essential genes in Ambystoma tigrinum virus." Virus Research 217 (June 2016): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2016.02.011.

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39

Cotter, Jennifer D., Andrew Storfer, Robert B. Page, Christopher K. Beachy, and S. Randal Voss. "Transcriptional response of Mexican axolotls to Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV) infection." BMC Genomics 9, no. 1 (2008): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-9-493.

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40

Rojas, S., K. Richards, JK Jancovich, and EW Davidson. "Influence of temperature on Ranavirus infection in larval salamanders Ambystoma tigrinum." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 63 (2005): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao063095.

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41

Leff, Laura G., and Marilyn D. Bachmann. "Ontogenetic changes in predatory behavior of larval tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 6 (June 1, 1986): 1337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-199.

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The predatory behavior and selectivity of larval tiger salamanders was examined in a laboratory study. Larvae of three size classes, based on snout–vent length, were used in experimental trials conducted in three time blocks. Larvae of different sizes behaved differently. The number of behaviors exhibited per second, trial length, and consumption and miss rates varied significantly with larval size class. Electivity index values also varied with size class. Small larvae tended to lunge at prey most frequently. With the exception of the number of behaviors exhibited per second, time of day did not significantly influence these predation variables. Larvae were inefficient at prey capture as indicated by the greater number of failed than successful captures. Small larvae exhibited different foraging strategies from medium or large larvae, which exhibited similar strategies. These differences can be attributed to the state of limb development of the larvae. These ontogenetic foraging strategy changes may produce different effects on the aquatic community.

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42

Fitzpatrick, Benjamin M., Michael F. Benard, and James A. Fordyce. "Morphology and escape performance of tiger salamander larvae (Ambystoma tigrinum mavortium)." Journal of Experimental Zoology 297A, no. 2 (May 28, 2003): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jez.a.10254.

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43

Aguiniga, Elsa M., and Daniel F. Stiffler. "Interrenal Function in Larval Ambystoma tigrinum. III. Acid-Base Balance Responses." General and Comparative Endocrinology 90, no. 1 (April 1993): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/gcen.1993.1064.

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44

Stiffler, D. F., M. E. Kopecky, M. L. Thompson, and R. G. Boutilier. "Acid-base-electrolyte balance responses to catecholamine antagonists in Ambystoma tigrinum." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 258, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): R1363—R1370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.258.6.r1363.

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Neotenic larval Ambystoma tigrinum were subjected to hypercapnia (3% CO2, 22 Torr) for 24 h under different conditions: alpha-adrenergic blockade using phentolamine, beta-adrenergic blockade using propranolol, and sham treatments. The sham animals were able to carry out a partial extracellular pH compensation that consisted of an increase in extracellular [HCO3-]. Animals treated with catecholamine antagonists did not compensate to the same extent. Analysis of plasma samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection revealed a significant increase in circulating norepinephrine, but not epinephrine, during the high-CO2 exposure. Measurements of cutaneous ion transport showed that beta-antagonists block the increased Na+ influx associated with hypercapnia, whereas alpha-antagonists inhibited the decrease in cutaneous Cl- influx that is also associated with respiratory acidosis. Additionally, both alpha- and beta-blockers inhibited the increase in transcutaneous potential difference that accompanied the respiratory acidosis. The results are consistent with a role for circulating catecholamines in compensatory ion transport responses to respiratory acidosis in this species.

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Tucker, John K. "Fecundity in the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) from west-central Illinois." Amphibia-Reptilia 20, no. 4 (1999): 436–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853899x00484.

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Kundey, Shannon M. A., Roberto Millar, Justin McPherson, Maya Gonzalez, Aleyna Fitz, and Chadbourne Allen. "Tiger salamanders’ (Ambystoma tigrinum) response learning and usage of visual cues." Animal Cognition 19, no. 3 (January 21, 2016): 533–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-016-0954-9.

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Zaccone, G., S. Fasulo, P. Lo Cascio, A. Licata, L. Ainis, and R. Affronte. "Lectin-binding pattern on the surface epidermis of Ambystoma tigrinum larvae." Histochemistry 87, no. 5 (1987): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00496814.

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Simons, R. S., W. O. Bennett, and E. L. Brainerd. "Mechanics of lung ventilation in a post-metamorphic salamander, Ambystoma Tigrinum." Journal of Experimental Biology 203, no. 6 (March 15, 2000): 1081–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.203.6.1081.

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The mechanics of lung ventilation in frogs and aquatic salamanders has been well characterized, whereas lung ventilation in terrestrial-phase (post-metamorphic) salamanders has received little attention. We used electromyography (EMG), X-ray videography, standard videography and buccal and body cavity pressure measurements to characterize the ventilation mechanics of adult (post-metamorphic) tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum). Three results emerged: (i) under terrestrial conditions or when floating at the surface of the water, adult A. tigrinum breathed through their nares using a two-stroke buccal pump; (ii) in addition to this narial two-stroke pump, adult tiger salamanders also gulped air in through their mouths using a modified two-stroke buccal pump when in an aquatic environment; and (iii) exhalation in adult tiger salamanders is active during aquatic gulping breaths, whereas exhalation appears to be passive during terrestrial breathing at rest. Active exhalation in aquatic breaths is indicated by an increase in body cavity pressure during exhalation and associated EMG activity in the lateral hypaxial musculature, particularly the M. transversus abdominis. In terrestrial breathing, no EMG activity in the lateral hypaxial muscles is generally present, and body cavity pressure decreases during exhalation. In aquatic breaths, tidal volume is larger than in terrestrial breaths, and breathing frequency is much lower (approximately 1 breath 10 min(−)(1)versus 4–6 breaths min(−)(1)). The use of hypaxial muscles to power active exhalation in the aquatic environment may result from the need for more complete exhalation and larger tidal volumes when breathing infrequently. This hypothesis is supported by previous findings that terrestrial frogs ventilate their lungs with small tidal volumes and exhale passively, whereas aquatic frogs and salamanders use large tidal volumes and and exhale actively.

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Arnold, Stevan J. "Sexual Behavior, Sexual Interference and Sexual Defense in the Salamanders Ambystoma maculatum, Ambystoma tigrinum and Plethodon jordani." Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 42, no. 3 (April 26, 2010): 247–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1976.tb00970.x.

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Gillis, G., and G. Lauder. "Kinematics of feeding in bluegill sunfish: is there a general distinction between aquatic capture and transport behaviors?" Journal of Experimental Biology 198, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): 709–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.3.709.

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Despite numerous studies of food transport in terrestrial vertebrates, little is known about this aspect of the feeding repertoire in aquatic vertebrates. Previous work had predicted that the kinematics of aquatic prey capture by suction feeding should be similar to those of prey transport. However, recent analyses of aquatic prey capture and transport in the tiger salamander Ambystoma tigrinum have contradicted this hypothesis, and document numerous differences between these two behaviors. In this study, using high-speed video and statistical analyses, we compare prey capture and transport kinematics in a ray-finned fish (Lepomis macrochirus, the bluegill sunfish) to examine the generality of differences between capture and transport behaviors in aquatic vertebrates. Compared with prey capture, prey transport is significantly more rapid and tends to have reduced lower jaw excursions, while having similar hyoid movements. A nested analysis of variance was used to analyze six variables common to both this analysis of Lepomis macrochirus and a previous study of Ambystoma tigrinum; none of these six variables showed significant variation between taxa. These results indicate that aquatic prey transport is kinematically distinct from capture behavior and that the distinctions between these two behaviors are remarkably consistent in two phylogenetically divergent lower vertebrate taxa. Such consistent kinematic differences have not been found in amniote taxa studied to date, but may constitute a plesiomorphic feature of vertebrate feeding systems.

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