Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aménagement du territoire – Aspect environnemental – Japon'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Aménagement du territoire – Aspect environnemental – Japon.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Mannisi, Alban. "La médiation environnementale en aménagement du territoire dans la société civile au Japon : pour une philosophie politique du paysage." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100027.
Full textSince the 1970s, international conventions have reinforced the involvement of civil societies in the development of their territories. In Japan, this phenomenon was accelerated further to the Kōbe earthquake in 1995. In 1998, it led to the NPO (Non Profitable Organization), which consolidated the role of civil society in the stakeholders' territory. This thesis analyzes the mechanisms of civil society engagement and the use of mediators who rely on the specific relation between Japanese society and its environment (Japanese milieu), and investigates the emergence of new forms of territorial governance. In order to answer this problematic, we first study the emergence of the role of civil society through mediation in territorial planning in Japan, showing how these phenomena are partly based on certain logics, but also on international developments. Then, from the study of three practices of mediators of social engineering: KUWAKO Toshio (Philosopher), YAMAZAKI Ryō (Landscape Architect) and KOIZUMI Hideki (Urban Planner), it is observed how the techniques of mediations inspired part of foreign techniques are assimilated and readjusted to meet the needs of Japanese society. This thesis explains the porosity between autochthony and the transfer of methods of international governance. It highlights how the international will to involve civil societies is part of the logic of the Japanese milieu. In conclusion, an attempt to put into perspective the data of the thesis is sought from the statement of a political philosophy of landscape
Genovesio, Fabien. "Le Médoc : "entre environnement et aménagement"." Bordeaux 3, 2006. https://hal.science/tel-04049781v1.
Full textThe “Médoc” peninsula constitutes a particularly representative area to work out a reflection on the environment and land use planning. Currently, this area is under tourist activities pressure which affects its littoral part. However, it is also wedged and unbalanced because all its interior part is forsaken. Its estuarine wine producing frontage and its tourist littoral frontage are deprived of a harmonious economic development, coherent land use planning, and development schemes. The “Médoc” is thus presented as an area requiring attentions. The issue will have to be built around connexions and effects of land use planning and tourist development on the environment. So, starting from a regular follow-up of a reality ground and a total geographical consideration, tourism and its installations will be apprehended as a tool for enhancement and opening up of this area. Tourism also introduces a possible aspect of environment degradation, whereas, the latter stands as a fundamental asset of this area. That is why, to think about the environment and the development of this area is trying to provide the best tools to better manage the effects of tourist activities and planification. It is to argue and support assumptions reconciling tourism and environment, it is to redefine new basis of development, enhancement, organisation, and long term urban planning. The recent advent of the “Médoc”, the new regional perspectives concerning urban planning, environment and development require the support of thought and scientific approach. The aim of this issue is to contribute to the “Médoc” organisation and land use planning, the harmonization of tourist development and environment, and the area readjustment. In sum, the thesis wishes to bring the useful data to base a sustainable and coherent local development
Kadiri, Kaouakib Khadija. "Environnement et aménagement urbain : Problématique d'une approche marocaine." Nice, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NICE0041.
Full textLandelle, Philippe. "Le développement des sources d'énergie renouvelables et l'aménagement durable du territoire." Limoges, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIMO1003.
Full textRenewable energy sources have an indigenous characteristic and their utilisation has a favourable impact on energy diversification within the EU wich has for priority the security of supply, conpetitiveness and enviromental protection as well as the devopment of disadvantaged regions, Defined in operational terms, this view fits in with the concept of "sustainable spatial planning", taken as the spatialexpression of an overall strategy covering : the balanced socioeconomic development of regions, the improvement of the quality of life, the sound management of natural resources, environmental protection, and the rational use of energy and of theterritory, This thesis aims to gather and to order the study of the legal instruments (implementation of international agreements and setting of regulations and standards in view of developing RES), of the economic instruments (encouragement for producers and consumers to protect the environment through economic and fiscal measures) and of horizontal support instruments (promotion of scientific research and thechnological development, improvement of spatial planning and public information) aiming to promote renewable energy sources and sustainable spatial planning, An analysis of local and national projects and a comparative study of different instruments implemented in the member states will also be undertaken
Ohresser-Oppenhauser, Céline. "La conception préliminaire d’aménagement portuaire en milieux écologiquement sensibles." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/OHRESSER-OPPENHAUSER_Celine_2010.pdf.
Full textIndustrialized societies need to change some practices in order to make an answers to environmental changes. Also, the research aims to develop an appropriate answers to the challenges. The thesis focuses on necessary évolution of practices in landscape planning, and more specially for French Rhine port projects. Territory impacting by the project has the particularity to be both strategic for the economic’s development, and both strategic for the survival of local ecosystems. That’s why is interessed on actors capacities to re-engineer the system of project, be able to open the decision-making system. The hypothèses is that introduce gouvernance practices for environmental project, its a good way to be innovative in the search for solutions. The particulary of research is the approach : the planning project design is considering like a project system. Indeed, project system consists of relations and interrelations between actors. Each agent tries to realese his own benefit : - region's economic development is a goal to the local stakeholders project system ; - protect ecosystems is a goal to environment defenders. In fact, landscape planning is subject to conflicts between stakeholders, result comes from a compromise process. In mind, civil society, through the Community institutions, states, local communities, associations, projects into the defense of its environmental conditions and impact multiple scales. In form, the preservation of the environment resulted in the emergence of new legislative elements essential for the implementation of infrastructure projects. The thesis is built in response to a question from the manager of fluvialnetworks in France (VNF). VNF’s based on the paradox how to both develop alternative transport to the road, and both protect ecosystem river. The terrain of the study is that of port extensions on the Rhine in its French part, especially on alluvial ecosystems presented as the last in Europe. The Rhine is considering as an anthropo-ecological system, he is composed of subsystems, each one communicating and exchanging information only in terms of project. Originality of the research is twice : it considers the project as a system capable of évolution, it explores the relationship between ideals and objectives prebuilt solutions That’s why it proposes to focus the preliminary design stage, as a resource, consisting of Tools, to resolve conflicts between stakeholders and conflicting objectives. Specifically, the thesis was the proposal of a preliminary design process enriched the system development project, which determines the process of adding an additional stage project
Serrhini, Kamal. "Evaluation spatiale de la covisibilité d'un aménagement : sémiologie graphique expérimentale et modélisation quantitative." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR1801.
Full textBonnin, Marie. "Les aspects juridiques des corridors biologiques : vers un troisième temps de la conservation de la nature." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT4018.
Full textThe right of the nature conservancy initially stuck to the protection of the species. In the second time, the realisation of the importance of the habitats allowed the adoption of texts aimaing at protecting them. However, this method of nature conservancy led to the conservation of separated natural areas which does not allow the maintenance of biological diversity and it is important from now on to establish links between the natural habitats called biological corridors. The beginnings of the taking into account by the right of the corridors, are noticed in various fields. We see appearing, more and more texts, which explicitly protect the biological corridors by the installation of ecological net-works. This protection of the biological corridors is a matter, in certain cases, for the right of the nature conservancy, in others, it is recommended by documents of spatial planning. This is why we develop arguments which mark an evolution towards a third step for nature conservation
Dubesset, Éric. "Culture, nature et tourisme à Baracoa (Cuba) : une approche méthodologique et appliquée de l'éco-aménagement touristique." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30065.
Full textOwing to the recent economic and social devitalization it has been through, the baracoa region (cuba) has opted for a restructuring program based on the development of tourism. But this development, calledfor both by the country's officials and the local population to revive the economic and social life of the region, must neither distort its cultural idiosyncrasy nor upset its present ecological balance. How can that be achieved ? how can this land adapt to tourism in a rationalway without altering its structural and patrimonial features ? how can culture nature and tourism be "matched" ? those are the questions that this thesis will try to answer through a methodologist approach of the tourist eco-amenagement. By applying this line of research to the baracoa region we intend to undescore the fundamental role of heuristic and hermeneutic reading in an ecodeveloping perspective, with a view to favouring local expansion while safegarding the genuine identity of this land
Dal, Cin Patrick. "De l'aménagement du territoire. . . à l'aménagement de l'environnement : le cas français." Reims, 2005. http://theses.univ-reims.fr:80/exl-doc/GED00000133.pdf.
Full textIn France, the policies of the regional planning and environment converge towards the same mode of action. They tend, one and the other, in the search of a balance between the social, economic and natural systems which, by their dynamic and temporal relations, compose the local environments and condition the balance of the total environment. The complex relations between these two public policies develop according to a logic of opposition. They follow nevertheless, and independently one of the other, a process of readjustment, a trajectory of adaptation. For the public policy of the regional planning this evolution leads it to produce lawful texts whose intentions are those of a new framing of the wills of action, on regional and local scales. For the public policy of the environment, this trajectory the force to apprehend in an increasingly concrete way problems induced by balance of the total system and to insert, in the play of the actors, the taking into account of objectives of regulation. The bringing together of these two public policies is concretized by the division of a temporal scale, developed through the concept of development durable, by the questioning and the redefinition of the territorial scales of action and by the setting in oeuvre of new fashions of actions. The research task undertaken authorizes us to support the thesis that the correlated trajectories of the two public policies make it possible to conceive that in France, and today, a public policy of the installation of the environment, through the installation of the local systems, takes shape
Avenier-Sharman, Dominique. "Dynamique de dégradation de l'espace rural sénégalais : le cas de la vallée de Bignona en Basse-Casamance." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30016.
Full textThe field work for this study was carried out in the valley of bignona. The study focuses on those changes in both the ecology of the area and the production systems which led to a degradation in the quality of life of rural populations. The basse-casamance, considered in terms of its natural resources to be the richest region of senegal, has not been spared by drought. It has suffered as have other regions, a degradation of the environment brought about by overexploitation of soils and by deforestation, by rural exodus, and by poorly coordinated development projects. The ecology and agricultural systems of the valley differ in the north and the south. In the south, the production system is still traditional and concentrates on rice growing. In the north, it is more open to the exterior and is based on crops such as millet, sorghum and groundnuts cultivated on the plateau. Agriculturalists in both the north and the south are faced with an erratic climate and economic difficulties. This study of the valley of bignona brings out the spectacular transformations of the natural environment and of production systems which have taken place since the beginning of the century. Particular mention is made of the effects that the introduction of groundnuts and the recent drought have had on the development of both the production systems and the landscape. If they do not actually encourage the process of degradation, the actions of development projects and organisations in the valley have not yet succeeded in stopping it
Santiago, Alina. "Environnement, tourisme et aménagement : l'impératif d'une conciliation : l'île de Santa Catarina (Brésil)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010637.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study the relationship between uses of the land for tourism activities, environment and management. Of the space in the island of Santa Catarina, at the southern of Brazil. The growing touristic flow of the Santa Catarina island estimulates the real-estate market for the implementation of leisure related activities, leading to an accelerated urban
Reounodji, Frédéric. "Espaces, sociétés rurales et pratiques de gestion des ressources naturelles dans le sud-ouest du Tchad : vers une intégration agriculture-élevage." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010516.
Full textVu, ManhChien. "Tourisme, croissance et intégration dans l'économie mondiale : les apports du concept de développement durable." Toulon, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00257238/fr/.
Full textAllié, Louis. "La gestion de l'espace dans des Parcs naturels régionaux sous pressions touristique et urbaine ou comment les acteurs bricolent du développement et de la préservation dans les massifs de Chartreuse et du Vercors ?" Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00116708.
Full textThe French Natural Regional Parks of Chartreuse and Vercors constitute the central research subject of this thesis. We seek to understand how local actors bricolent (a French word that means 'tinkering') social and economic development and also contribute to protecting the cultural and natural heritage in areas under urban and tourism pressures. The theoretical framework is inspired trom the work of C. Lévi-Strauss. According to this anthropologist, ail individuals live in an instrumental world, which is closed by definition. Local Master Plans, Natural Regional Parks, Metropolitan Master Plans (specifically called Schémas de cohérence territoriale in France) and State Contracts are considered as planning and management tools with which local actors can attain their objectives of developing localities and protecting cultural and natural heritage. With these tools, actor-tinkerer have the opportunities for producing original sorts of spatial forms in mountainous areas under tourism and urban pressures. Empirical evidenceshows that 'mounturbanisation' is the consequence of decisions and actions engaged in at the locallevel. The methodology is based on personals interviews and observations in public meetings made between 2000 and 2002 with key actors in the Chartreuse and Vercors mountain ranges. Moreover, local, regional and nationalliterature was analysed in order to iIIustrate actors' discourses conceming their perceptions of and reactions to spatial transformations. Spatial analyses are carried out using a geographical information system, statistical data and iconographie documents to explain what the consequences of the management and planning decisions have been
Charrier, Christophe. "Effets de la modification anthropique (rejets, aménagements) de la variabilité des conditions physico-chimiques des cours d'eau sur leur fonctionnement écologique." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10138.
Full textMambani, Jean-Bernard. "Aménagement du territoire et maîtrise spatiale : les dynamiques des paysages de la province de la Ngounié (Gabon)." Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU1007.
Full textThe crisis of the Gabonese provinces continues and the quality of the life of the populations does not stop degrading. The politics of land settlement based on the model interventionist and which privileged an absolved centralization from the power gave the territorial disparities. It is spatially translated by a variety of the landscapes. That they are urban, rural or identical, these landscapes offer themselves to the glances of the walkers, the motorists and the researchers who scrutinize them in. For five years, the Gabonese authorities are in search of the ways of making up. They privilege for that purpose, the rotary holidays; they gave to the government the occasion to invest in the various provincial capitals: to restore, modernize and to improve cities. Unfortunately, the realizations are often there - down of the projections and expectations of the government and citizens. This impasse obliged us to look for another way of territorial development. Having summarized the main lines of the construction of the Gabon, the thesis bends over the province of Ngounié. It examines in the light of the notions, concepts and tools (remote sensing, cartography, photo-interpretation) the dynamics of the landscapes of the mentioned province. The thesis proposes “the provincialization” to end in a reasoned and mastered territorial development
Duval, Mélanie. "Dynamiques spatiales et enjeux territoriaux des processus de patrimonialisation et de développement touristique : étude comparée des gorges de l'Ardèche et du karst slovène." Chambéry, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00200563.
Full textThe aim of this work is to observe geographical trajectories of areas where « natural » heritage valorization coexists with tourism processes. It is a question to take shape in which measure these interactive articulations can be translated by an emergence of « tourist region », even « tourist territory », in the particular context of « natural » areas, for which the tourist occupancy leans on landscape valorization. In this context, a comparison between the Ardeche gorges region and the Slovenian Karst allowed us to understand the « tourism-heritage » dialogical and to feature networks logics between exo- and endo-karstic sites (canyon/ gorges, karstic landscape, tourist cave). While the first part of this work presents the interests of this comparison and work fields (chapters 1 and 2), the following three parts examine the spatial dynamics and the territorial implications of tourism/ heritage couple. Chapters 3 and 4 take shape the various forms that this couple can take, featuring their dialogical character and the mobilization of heritage processes in tourism development projects. The third part (chapters 5 and 6) measures the spatial registration of this dialectical relationship : it is question to observe how the interactions between heritage processes and tourist development can be translated by the emergence of « tourist region ». Finally, the fourth and last part (chapters 7 and 8) proposes a questioning on the « tourist territory» notion : around the Ardeche gorges, this part observes the existence of « tourist territory» by crossing tourist populations' territorialities and stakeholders' games
Duvivier, Edmond. "Réponses bio-écologiques d'écosystèmes perturbés dans des secteurs aménagés en milieu méditerranéen." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30018.
Full textCruchaudet, Frédéric. "Les réseaux et la protection juridique de l'environnement." Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO33001.
Full textZiani, Aziza. "Les documents de planification locale." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0799.
Full textReminiscence of the organisational and decisional way of the cities, the local planning documents are indisputably topical because of both their multiplication and their expanding diversity. Besides they are still outstanding in the french legal system so much so that from now on we can legitimately ask ourselves about the future of the law (more particularly the administration law and its corollary the administration). Activities organisation ways in a restricting temporal and territorial defined case, they can be distinguished not only because they organise the administrative action but also because they set up a power which ensures the modification of legal situations with the only will of the authorities in charge of its elaboration. In spite of numerous legislative attempts to make the decision process clearer and fuller of democratic adhesion, these particular masterpieces of the public administration are the last expression of the breathless local democracy. Two caracteristics make them different from the numerous implements the administration can use to bring its general benefit mission to a successfull conclusion. The first one is the temporalized plannification “which rhyms” with the anticipation of a close future. The second one is the spatialisation which equals the territorial application of the law. Then they evolve with the time before becoming a complete category. Unity or disparity(ies)? Reformation cause or not of our administration ? Will this new serie of conventional acts will drag with her the administrations? Will they turn them towards more administrative coherence and maybe the end of unceasing wrestlings between administrations? Do we have to foresee the progressive standardization of the administration? As we have to wait and see, the main point will consist in identifying the divergent and convergent elements in the way of the constitution of a new series of acts. It will also consist in setting up how this new legal implement induces consequencies in the organisation of the administration
Benchimol, Maria Celeste Fortes. "Aménagement des espaces insulaires et biodiversité : la gestion des Aires protégées littorales et marines au Cap Vert." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUEL005.
Full textThe Republic of Cape Verde is the study area of this research entitled "Management of insular spaces and diversity : the management of coastal and marine protected areas in Cape Verde". This research will analyze the place and role of marine and coastal protected areas within land planning, and the various aspects relating to the insular management of a vulnerable and poor small island-State archipelago. The paper intends to propose improvements to the national marine and coastal resources management system, with the concern of enhancing local biodiversity specificities in a context of long-term development, which takes into account the environmental and socioeconomic diversity which are characteristic of small island States. After rewieing the management modalities of environmental resources and vulnerabilities, the comparison between the Cape Verde archipelago and other island countries shows an evolution in the use and management of these resources and socioeconomic development. It was noted that the traditional and extensive use of land resources that characterized the colonial period are gradually being replaced since the country's independence in 1975 by management modalities based on a more intensive use of resources, especially of marine and coastal resources. The current state of conservation of the environment heritage, the archipelago's economic development and land planning are explained by the historical evolution of various economic and environmental policies. Given the importance and fragility of the biodiversity, as well as the major role now assigned to the tourism and fisheries sectors in the country's economic development, this paper presents strategy proposals for the socio-economic enhancement of marine and coastal areas, which take into account environmental aspects. Two case studies, based on two areas of observation with different problems, - the island of Santa Luzia (and neighboring islands) and the Baia of Murdeira (Sal Island)-, analyze the planning and management problems at the local level. Taking into consideration the goals, aspirations and needs of local populations, the studies, highlight the need to associate the traditional ways of management with the "western" management model. Forms of enhancing these territories as well as a contribution to improve the national marine and coastal management system are included as proposals in the final chapter of this paper
Legrand, Marine. "La mise en ordre écologique des parcs urbains : savoirs, pratiques et paysages : exemple d'un grand parc francilien." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2015MNHN0008.
Full textIn France, local public authorities have taken a growing interest in ecological landscape management of urban parks and gardens since the 1980’s. It results in the emergence of a new landscape model that embodies the encounter between two tendencies in urban territories. First, the growing influence of biological sciences on urban planning through the “urban ecology” political horizon. Second, the enlargement of nature conservation policies, that starts to include ordinary nature and urban biodiversity. The aim of this PhD was to analyse the relations between local practices, knowledge construction and landscape production, implied by the attempt of a local public authority to reconcile urban leisure and biodiversity conservation in the same place without segregation. This work was based on an ethnographic study in the Seine-Saint-Denis district near Paris, where a local model was created to express this idea, the “harmonious management” model. It emerged after a conflict about the preservation of a marsh in a large park built in the 1960’s. Today the 400 ha of the park welcome more than 2 million visitors per year. The fact that the park shelters rare birds and amphibian species, pointed at local associations, has led to the integration of this place to a Natura 2000 site. The park history is closely linked to the influence of the hygienist ideology on the urbanisation of Paris region. In contrast with this history, the redefinition of the environmental public action is associated to the implication of local public authorities in considering biodiversity as a management objective. It leads to the creation a new institutional landscape model, which management is at the confluence between horticulture and ecosystem restoration. This redefinition goes along with the reconfiguration of knowledge and practices legitimacies, where scientific approaches gain influence. The rationalisation of public action toward biodiversity conservation also goes along with the production of new constraints for city-dweller practices, and surveillance devices, which are nonetheless never complete
Huitelec, Richard. "Le développement durable et la gestion locale des ressources énergétiques." Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40011.
Full textBoillot, Guillaume. "La proportionnalité dans le contentieux de la légalité du parti d'aménagement adopté : Constatation phénoménologique sous l'empire des dispositifs normatifs applicables aux POS et PLU." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10011.
Full textMathevet, Raphaël. "Usages des zones humides camarguaises : enjeux et dynamique des interactions environnement-usagers-territoire." Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO31012.
Full textGozé, Émile. "Les plans climat : analyse au regard des principes du droit de l’environnement et du droit des collectivités territoriales." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU10014.
Full textThe territorial climat-atmosphere-energy plans are new legal tools available to local authorities. These planning acts should enable local authorities to organise their actions in order to mitigate the effects of climate change and adapt their territories to future environmental changes, in line with both national, European and international goals as well as the local environmental, social and economic features. However, the legal framework of these documents has evolved considerably and these plans are now tending to have a territorial dimension, in other words, they provide a framework allowing local authorities to regulate greenhouse gas emissions of all the territory’s activities. The aim of this research is to identify, through the guiding principles of environmental law and the law of local authorities, how these legal acts, have become part of their legal environment. It highlights the peculiarities, evolutions and shortcomings of these documents’ legal framework, and eventually, looks into the role that the legislator has decided to entrust to local and regional authorities through these planning tools
Tavares-Furtado, Artur. "Contribution à l'analyse territoriale des flux de matières en présence d'incertitudes : modélisation à base de logique floue." Troyes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TROY0006.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to propose a fuzzy logic based modelling in order to improve re-gional material flow analysis taking in account data uncertainties. The proposed methodology is executed in three modelling stages. The first one concerns pre-liminary studies of system definition and input data treatment. The second corresponds to simulation as well as analysis of the model re-sults, namely, estimation of uncertainty, deter-mination of most influent variables, and sensi-tivity analysis. Finally the third stage is con-cerned with finalizing the model for its exploi-tation as a tool for the decision-making. The first two stages are executed in loop until the analyst decides to end the modelling process according to the criteria initially fixed. The methodology was tested on two models, one static and the other dynamic. To carry out the simulation, a program was developed during the realisation of this thesis using MATLAB software. The programme is able to simulate static and dynamic models and to carry out studies of system behaviours with various variables typologies: crisp, fuzzy, and mixed (with varying membership functions for fuzzy variables). Two study cases from litera-ture were modelled and then simulated in or-der to study the analysis of sensitivity, uncer-tainty, and influence of exogenous variables
Rutaremara, Titus. "Le rôle des parcs naturels régionaux dans l'aménagement du territoire en France." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF20004.
Full textThe "d. A. T. A. R. " is the initiator and very often the creator of most of the french regional natural parks. These ones gother together mostly depreciated country (rural) areas, in which however, are found picturesque landscape and countryside. The use of the natural park institution is to plan and carry out a suitable development in these country (rural) territories, which, indeed, have got an ecological
Asanuma-Brice, Cécile. "La transformation de la périphérie urbaine de Tokyo par les organismes de logements publics." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0049.
Full textIf social housing estates stigmatized some territories in France, it does not seem to be the same everywhere, Japanese, meanwhile, maintain an image of these rural areas. Japan has experienced the same economic cycles than France, we questioned about a possible gap between the formal reality related, or mass production of housing for population of workers that was set near production sites and the chosen image and collectively conveyed the same place. Through this, it will demonstrate that the image can have a territory is less tied to the land itself, the urban form, as current practices in this area, constituting culture of the place. Economic policies chosen after the war were able to play in this process, recovery images of idealized imaginary space to produce and to accept residents see, for extreme enhancement of the image of the place, to achieve that the resident calls himself spaces whose planning has motivated solely by economic return from that product. Urban planning rules and multiply generated prohibited in enclosed spaces inhabited security discourse without success to question the motivations behind these societal dysfunction. The Japanese government, not having been able to meet its objectives, decides to cease its involvement in the housing sector and financial disengages from 2005. The triple disaster (earthquake, tsunami, nuclear power plant explosion in Fukushima) experienced by Japan March 11, 2011 could generate a new commitment of the State of one of the roles is to protect its population. But the current situation seems to confirm the intent of a transmission role of the welfare state to the private sector
Vandevelde, Jean-Christophe. "Les instruments d'évaluation des impacts sur la biodiversité : entre aménagement du territoire et conservation : Le cas des grands projets ferroviaires." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE1147/document.
Full textThe major contribution of this thesis is to show that the growing role for biodiversity in territorial planning policies is firmly linked to the role played by impact assessment instruments, grouped together under the term 'environmental assessment'. By considering these instruments (impact studies, offset mechanisms, associated participatory processes) as 'co-productions', that is to say as instruments mixing elements of science and political decision-making, we showed that they had their own effects, which have strongly influenced planning policies and the way in which planning actors conceive of biodiversity.The study of environmental assessment instruments, following on the one hand a socio-historical approach and on the other a series of case studies of large-scale railway projects, allowed us to show the existence of several 'regimes' characteristic of environmental assessment, that mobilise different tools and different representations of biodiversity, and which we have identified as 'pioneering', 'institutionalised' and 'utilitarian'.The study of biodiversity in society can therefore be approached not only through analysing the conventions, law and conflicts between actors that it generates, but also through considering the concrete instruments implemented in order to take biodiversity into account, these instruments revealing the representations of biodiversity at a moment in time and being the vectors of change in these representations
Barouch, Gilles. "La décision au fil de l'eau : systèmes de pensée et d'action à l'œuvre dans la gestion des milieux naturels en France." Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987pa090074.
Full textLanot, Jean-Michel. "La naturbanisation, concept et processus d'aménagement : gérer la fréquentation touristique des espaces naturels protégés." Pau, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PAUU1003.
Full textNaturbanization is a new word which is close to oxymoron. Yet the town and country plannings flourishing on the edge of protected territories seem to show that the two words are not so contradictory. That is why we will set out to prove that town and country plannings, relating back to specific social practices and representations and to some extend an idea of nature, are developping around natural areas
Dony, Sophie. "Évolutions récentes de l'agriculture française : analyse géographique des grandes tendances régionales et de la mise en place d'un nouveau dispositif d'aménagement du territoire, le contrat territorial d'exploitation (C. T. E.)." Besançon, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924637.
Full textThe recent transformations in French agriculture and the emergence of the concept of sustainable development in the last decade have pushed politicians to defining new measures, of which most concern agriculture. Firstly, we propose to analyze the recent evolutions in French agriculture, particularly in the last mandate during which the most radical transformations occurred. However, the main part of the research concerns a particular aspect of spatial planning: the “Contrat territorial d'Exploitation” (the territorial exploitation contract), or CTE. The CTE is resulting from the analysis of transformations in agriculture and their environmental and territorial consequences. The CTE implies numerous restrictions, which we'll identify firstly through the complicated implementation, then through the spatial application in the French regions. Finally, the CTE at a local level are examined. They concern two provinces of the Franche-Comté region: the provinces of Haute-Saône and Doubs. This analysis allows apprehending the complexity of the instrument and the various types of contracts that exist in the studied areas. This results in a general typology of exploitations concerned by a CTE, who represents, besides the global tendencies of the province, an enormous geographical diversity of localisation. Even when it has been impossible to follow the application of the CTE, the analysis brings up numerous questions concerning the effectiveness of the instrument and of its successor, the “Contrat d'Agriculture Durable” (Contract of Sustainable Agriculture), or CAD
Gaté, Romain. "Régulations de la pollution et de la congestion urbaine dans les villes polycentriques : Formes urbaines et tarification routière." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1G017/document.
Full textUrbanization in developed and developing countries has major drawbacks regarding air pollution, Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and congestion externalities due to transport in car-based cities. In this thesis, we study the effects of urban design on pollution, congestion, traveled distances and welfare. We build a theoretical model of residential choices with pollution and congestion externalities arising from commuting, where the location of jobs within the city is endogenous. Finally we collect data from French metropolitan areas to conduct an empirical analysis of spatial determinants of commuting time and distances. This thesis highlights the need of a cautious approach to implement some urban policies that would guarantee a sustainable development of a city. A polycentric city may be a desirable city or not depending on the (i) accessibility of workplaces, (ii) the quality of road infrastructure (high speed), (iii) the employment density and (iv) the distribution of population and workplaces in cities. This thesis also demonstrates the significant role of the housing demand on urban structure when the latter is endogenous in a context of unpriced transport congestion. Some urban densification project might reconsider and quantify the negative externalities (congestion and pollution) which arise when the population grows within any city. These externalities are indirect costs due to the adjustment of the housing and transport demand in the long run
Brédif, Hervé. "Le vivant, les hommes et le territoire : essai de biogéopolitique." Phd thesis, INAPG (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001261.
Full textLallemand, Martine. "La qualité dans la ville : un modèle conventionnel d'évaluation de la politique urbaine : Le cas du projet pilote urbain de la ville de Bordeaux." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40041.
Full textCavaillé, Fabienne. "Conflit d'aménagement et légitimités territoriales : recherches sur les identités territoriales des expropriés de l'autoroute A 20." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20003.
Full textThis research concern the question of territoriality and identity. It is based on an expropried rural population experience's (because of a highway construction's). The conflictual situation and the elaboration of revendications offer a specific context to analyse how territoriality is used as physical and symbolical bases for individual and collective identities. The analysis of individual representations permit to find structuring categories of territoriality : property, patrimony, autochthony, and a territorial principle animating these categories: the territoriality as the institution of the "conflit-pour-l'échange". The fundamental question is about territoriality as the mainly principle sustaining a democratic political community. Concretely, which legitimations for the participation of populations in country planning and environment protection could be at the origin of a new i citizenship
Brun, Guilhem. "Apprentissage et multifonctionnalité de l'agriculture : la genèse du Contrat territorial d'exploitation traduit la recherche d'un nouveau paradigme." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0027.
Full textKim, Kyung Sook. "L'invention de l'environnement en Corée : mobilisation sociale et régulation autour de l'aménagement du territoire à Saemankum." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG005/document.
Full textSaemankum as a natural environment is a rural area with many rich resource that the government decided to develop and urbanize in the early 1990s. The implementation of this land policy has led to changes in the social environment and created a conflict between supporters and opponents of the project facing the question of which local mode of development would be most suitable. Eco-territorial issues can be analyzed as a set of interactions between public policy and the practice of fishing area. This is in the context of a power relationship. That means to describe the compatibility between rationality at work in this project, taking into account both the regionalization of environmental practices, on the other hand, political and growth objectives of stakeholders. How the idea of democratic governance was born? In which way the model of a sustainable development has emerged as a unifying element in the regulation of coastal areas uses? In short, this research is defined as a study of the social relations within the territorial system as we have seen in the actors’ strategies through the recent developments in the administration of the country
Thiaw, Diatou. "Vulnérabilité et Adaptation des territoires aux effets du changement climatique.Incitations globales, stratégies locales. Perspectives pour un développement territorial axé sur un suivi de l’utilisation de l’espace et des ressources dans les Communes de Mbour, Saly et Malicounda (Sénégal)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV018/document.
Full textThe coast is now affected by different phenomena. Flooding, coastal erosion, biodiversity loss, land degradation ..., are all factors malfunction.The issues are both ecological, socioeconomic and political. The observation on urban and rural areas of Mbour, Saly and Malicounda shows vulnerabilities of both natural and anthropogenic. The observed changes may be specifically the effect of climate change; they also represent a continuation of situations switched by physical, social, economic, political, of territories. According to the perturbations studied, territories appear differently vulnerable. The destruction of homes and infrastructure, declining catches, revenues from fishing, tourism and agriculture are the impacts faced by different actors. The strategies developed are generally neither proactive nor effective. It also poses a problem of responsibility of actors in the mastery of disturbances and their dynamics in this strategic area economically. For a good risk management, this thesis calls for a real policy of regional planning and the establishment of an observatory
Cardona, Aurélie. "L'agriculture à l'épreuve de l'écologisation : éléments pour une sociologie des transitions." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0132.
Full textIn spite of measures aiming to reduce the environmental impact of agriculture, changes in farming practices remain modest while societal concerns continue to rise. The environmental mission assigned to agriculture is complex and subject to interpretation. The growing number of diverse stakeholders turning their attention to farming increases the demands placed on agriculture. In this context, the goal of this thesis is first, to understand how a diversity of agricultural and non-agricultural stakeholders involve themselves in transition processes towards more environmentally-soundagriculture and second, to understand the effect of their involvement on farmers practices. To achieve this, I relied on a pragmatic approach wich highlights "frictions", as well as "holdfasts" used by stakeholders and makes it possible to give a faithful account of their interpretations and experience of transition processes. Based on a socio-historical analysis and three case-studies from the Paris region, I characterized, first, the conditions of the emergence of movements promoting change in agriculture practices, second, the enrollment processes throught wich the issue of transition makes sense and, third, the changes in terms of both agricultural practices and forms of governance of those changes as well. The study shows that transition processes emerge as the result of adjustements between diverse stakeholders embedded in different communities. This analysis suggests the emergence of a "territoire-based contribution" model of change, where a diversity of stakeholders contributes by their discourse and actions to the ecologization of agriculture in their territoire
Chiles, Adeleen. "La construction d'une politique publique en faveur des patrimoines et la place des associations locales : Le cas du Parc naturel du Pilat (1974-2014)." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET2212/document.
Full textBecause the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage and territory Development are part of their missions, the Regional Parks are heritage stakeholders since their inception in the late 1960s. The Pilat territory, labeled among the first in 1974, represents a relevant field to ask for the inclusion of this key issue within the territory project. In addition, a regional park is facing the need that residents appropriate the territory, the latter being a collective output.Under the Syndicat mixte various charters, this work proposes thus to dissect the heritage policy progressive construction and identify changes in the maintained ratio between the Regional Park and local associations, actors at the heart of the heritage process and space appropriation with a dual purpose : both historical and geographical.This study intends, first, to introduce the involved stakeholder: the regional park of Pilat and its community. Then, the demonstration is hinging on the four successive projects of the territory.The methodology is based on written and oral archives’ analysis, field observations, especially thanks to the Search Convention Industrial Training (CIFRE) device and the sociological survey realization
Park, Jiyeon. "Aménagement du territoire, levier de développement durable : étude comparée des systèmes d'innovation français et sud-coréens dans le processus de métropolisation." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG036.
Full textThe development of a Metropolis is very often associated with the construction of a vast territory, which limits it to the simple search for a pertinent perimeter or level. It implies, however, much more. The French intercommunality, that opens up to various forms of cooperation between different territorial entities, is an interesting approach in this respect. France is, indeed, often presented aborad as an example of cooperation and of decentralization, especially in countries with a strong centralizing tradition, such as South Korea. In this perspective, we will carry out comparative case studies mirroring the process of metropolisation in France and in South Korea. Our study seeks to illustrate how to structure the innovation system (IS) according to the co-construction scheme PAS, making it possible, among otherthings, to co-create an ecosystem of exchange, sharing and arbitration -and thus serving as a driving force and optimizing force in an urban system of specialization. Finally, our study aims at orienting spatial planning towards the integrated approach of sustainable development
Saffour, Mouhamad-Hayan. "Présentation de documents d'urbanisme et de simulation paysagère en 3D : application à la région urbaine grenobloise." Paris 12, 2007. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002524970204611&vid=upec.
Full textOur research is integrated in a project document of communication in urban planning. This project aims at the creation of a game of regional development, applied here to the guidance plan of the Grenoble urban region which includes five sectors (agglomeration, Voironnais, Bievre, south and Gresivaudan). Since the end of 80's, this region has known an important mutation (high economical and demographical growth), particularly the Gresivaudan valley which was moulted in "little Silicon Valley". However, the area is highly vulnerable to floods' risks, in particular in the agglomeration and the valley of Gresivaudan, because of their strong urbanization and their geographical situation. We tried to develop a methodology, allowing an interactive 3D simulation. It offers the possibility to simulate the development of the project in its real environment to know its impact on the landscape. The landscape finds a new operational use in regional development, especially in the idea of conservation of the environment, with reference to the concept of sustainable development. The proposed methodology uses the GIS (Geographic Information Systems) combined with CAD systems and RV technology. Indeed, the use of these technologies allows realization of a new way of understanding the geographic information and to meet the needs of its users. The experiment of this instrument is carried out on Crolles city, in the Gresivaudan sector proposing two scenarios (densification and di-densification) which are the main elements of a method of forward-looking landscaped. They are based on the continuation of the tendencies of 1982 to 1999. Crolles is one of the most dynamic sectors of the Gresivaudan valley because of its economic and industrial evolution, particularly in the field of the nanotechnologies
Carteron, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude des ballastières de l'est de la France (région Franche-Comté) : influence de quelques paramètres sur les peuplements d'invertébrés benthiques." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO11671.
Full textHely, Vincent. "Évaluation synthétique de la durabilité des territoires : forces et faiblesses de la modélisation dans le processus d'aménagement." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC025/document.
Full textThis thesis work is based on issues aimedat assessing the impacts of planning decisions in the light of the imperatives of sustainable development. Beyond the vagueness that often emerges from this concept, the aim here is to reflect on a better balance to be found between the three fields generally identified as pillars of sustainable development : the economic, the social and the environmental. The objective is part of the following reflection: how to evaluate the impacts of management policies in each of these three pillars, and what conclusions to draw from them ? The aim here is to provide answers by assessing the performance of the territories studied in these three pillars of sustainable development. For this, the work relies on the outputs of the simulation models (here, the MobiSim model developed within the ThéMA laboratory) and the production of synthetic indicators allowing analysis and a readable evaluation of the space.The combination of these synthetic indicators makes it possible to visualize and analyze the sustainability of the territory studied and to deduce the appropriate measures to implement in order to ensure asustainable development policy. It is thus a question of putting in perspective the methodology and the results obtained in a global vision, seeking to establish by the balance between the three spheres a harmony which makes it possible to satisfy the objectives of a policy guided by the imperatives related to the sustainable development concept inherited from the Brundtland report. A critical approach to this concept and an analysis of the games of actors of a territory are conducted here in order to implement the scientific research work within a decision process. The challenge is to enable results of research work based on modeling tools to be able to find a more concrete and more operational outcom
Valderrama, González Maria Isabel. "Limites de la gobernanza en territorio indigena : representaciones y discursos alrededor del ordenamiento territorial en Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01472501.
Full textThis research examines the obstacles related to the implementation of a governance system in an indigenous Colombian territory. The case of the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, in the heart of diverging interests, makes it both difficult to reconcile the antagonist viiews about territory and territorial development, and balance of power between the government, companies and the indigenous peoples. This situation undermines the effective participation of the lmatter in spaces of negotiation especially since, even though the government presents itself as a form of articulation and institutional coordinator, it does not take into account the different value systems. Furthermore, whereas territorial governance favors diverse interests, the indigenous people demand the autonomy of their territory
Florent, Luc. "Quelle gouvernance pour les activités pédestres ? : un enjeu pour le développement des territoires." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50377-2007-Florent.pdf.
Full textGaland, Nathalie. "Inventer l'agriculture de territoire : étude des Parcs naturels régionaux de Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2127/document.
Full textRural territories experience numerous developments due to their demographic and social evolution. In Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, farming is under pressure while it plays an important part in cultural identity and participates in maintaining biodiversity. This Mediterranean region has numerous Regional Natural Parks (Parcs Naturels Régionaux, PNR) whose aim is to ensure a balanced development on their premises. This thesis intends to look into the cases of five PNR with very different situations between coastal marshes, hills and mountains (Alpilles, Camargues, Luberon, Verdon and Queyras). The place of agriculture evolves with different but complementary expectations. Environmental, legacy or local agriculture, it is in other words a territory based agriculture which is being built by the actions led within the parks. To reach this goal, working methods are invented and used to gather energies and make the territory based agriculture a more tangible reality. These methods are nevertheless limited by difficulties of positioning on the institutionnal stage or by lack of resources. Their scope of application remains vast and offers some possibilities to keep strenghtening the links between agriculture and territory
Gerome, Camille. "Les initiatives de transition comme facteur de développement des capacités territoriales d'adaptation aux effets des changements climatiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV026/document.
Full textTo respond to social issues of adaptation to the effects of climate change, this thesis contributes to the understanding of adaptation capacity development processes. The main subject is the spontaneous transitional citizens dynamics. It is about a group of citizens wishing act locally for the development of their territory in a coherent way around shared values.This thesis helps to demonstrate the emergence and the development of innovative social practices. This is comparable to social innovations in transition arenas who reproduce characteristics of niches: protected and restricted space encouraging incubation. These social innovations, fostered by networking, cohesion and the sharing of values, contribute to the development of adaptability through a desire for transmission and a global dynamic of inclusion.Concretely, this study focuses on two transition initiatives similar in their intentions and different in their history. They participate in considering a new dynamic of society that is both spontaneous, autonomous and inclusive.By positioning itself neither "against" the territory and its institutions, nor "without" them, these transition initiatives represent remarkable alternatives to lead to more cooperative societies and more able to adapt to the effects of climate change