Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aménagement numérique du territoire'
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Schon, Alexandre. "Aménagement numérique et dynamiques métropolitaines : le cas du Languedoc-Roussillon." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30048.
Full textThe current digital economy is an important part of global growth, it forms the root of an information economy based on the Internet. Divided into three layers (infrastructures, services, uses), the digital economy cannot develop without a joint growth of these layers. However, in a scientific and economic context in which uses and services layers are best studied, the "infrastructures" layer which constitutes the material base of this economy seems to be abandoned to a technical approach. Using the example of Languedoc-Roussillon, this thesis examines the evolution of the role of digital developments in ICT strategies and territorial policies of the metropolitan areas. Between substitionnist telemyths and scientific mystifications, the thesis tries to update the models governing the spatial spread of metropolitan digital dynamics by analysis of the modes of governances, real digital plannings, and their evolutions
Ferchaud, Flavie. "Fabriques numériques, action publique et territoire : en quête des living labs, fablabs et hackerspaces (France, Belgique)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20010/document.
Full textThe starting point of this doctoral research is the observation of the incorporation of objects called "fablab", "hackerspace" or "living lab" in public policies. The increased expansion of these new "places" at the heart or at the margins of public policies is supported by semantics associated with innovation, entrepreneurship, flexibility and creativity. But beyond these rhetorical effects and their fascination, it is demonstrated that these objects of public policies constitute one of the realities of the metropolitan action, under different modalities. This thesis stays away from the laudatory discourses that accompany the emergence of these objects and mainly focuses on the analysis of their relationships to the territory and the dynamics of the urban space. It has to be taken into account that the complexity of these places and their inclusion in an everevolvingpublic policy requires to use the logics of space, specific to geography and planning, and to resort to other disciplines contributions, such as sociology and political science. The investigation articulates different spaces, time periods, and survey methods. A first investigation in France on hackerspaces, fablabs and living labs was followed by a comparative investigation on a European scale (Rennes and Toulouse in France, Ghent in Belgium). The thesis exposes and interprets the promises driven by these places. Tensions are highlighted. One major tension situates these places between inheritance of the counterculture, process of normalisation and "recovery". These tensions represent the main thread of the thesis: they run through the insertion of places of experimentation and digital manufacturing in a context of changes, inherent to contemporary cities. Based on notions such as "social world", "common" and "urban commons", the thesis also sheds lights on the social dynamics of these places. Partly dismantling the enthusiastic representations regarding fablabs,hackerspaces and living labs, the thesis puts their scope in perspective in terms of integration and openness, as well as their role in the transformation of local urban policies
Forêt, Jean-Luc. "Le bien-être habitant, élément intrant et extrant d'une politique d'aménagement numérique du territoire : le cas des Yvelines." Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA3005/document.
Full textWe defend the heterodox position that one of the key conditions for the success of a digital planning policy is not related to the implementation of its technical infrastructure. However the latter is the most expensive, visible and concrete part of such a policy. It is also at the centre of an infinite number of debates and publications within the civil society and politicians. The key factor that we have in mind is the « inhabitant welfare », which has been more and more invoked for almost a decade in the media, in the speeches of elected officials, and particularly in the works of researchers in economics, sociology and political sciences. But this welfare has not yet found its place as a tool for the geography, a way of reading or analysing the territory, of measuring spatial practices, of assessing the legitimacy and the quality of a public policy. Inspired by the referential Spiral of the Council of Europe, we set up and led two surveys on the Yvelines territory in collaboration with several local councils and an association of residents. The data from 2200 answers collected are cross-analysed with a survey by INSEE (2014), a CREDOC study (2012) and a poll by Harris Interactive (2015).Our analysis of these data seems to support our original hypothesis : the inhabitant welfare is a relevant description and discriminant for the relationship between the human beings and their territory
Rezgui, Anis. "Le rôle d'une université numérique dans la structuration d'un territoire : une mise en oeuvre possible pour la Tunisie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4360.
Full textICT evolve quickly and deeply. In other words, the development of ICT is likely to have a more profound effect on today's territorial structure, lifestyles and forms of socialization, location and organization, conditions competitiveness of territories, etc. Interest in ICT in regional foresight does not mean giving in to any technological determinism, but add to the list of variables and parameters that affect the future of the territories - even, identify new areas of relevant R & D support.The aim of this thesis is to analyze the role that can play the Digital University in structuring given territory, as well as implementing best to Tunisia
Raoul, Bruno. "Communication, territoire, mutations industrielles : l'industrialisation régionale entre développement local et globalisation : le cas de l'industrie électronique en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN20021.
Full textFar from being restricted to the only world of media, communication today appears as a technical and symbolic matrix of the dominant development pattern. In particular, it impregnates materially and ideologically the sphere of production and exchanges. Indeed, in support of technological advances achieved in the field of electronic communication and strengthened by social technologies of management and communication, in a context of deregulation of communication systems, a new industrialism is taking shape, one which supposes a new relation between industry and territory. To be more precise, industrial changes turn out to be at the source of shifts in meaning occurring about the notion of territory. Under cover of the emergence of a new production structure, communication is thus at the heart of a movement of "deterritorialisation-reterritorialisation". Regional industrialization reflects this new reality of production. Marked by the state control seal during the "glorious thirty", it is now particularly worked on by local development policies encouraged by decentralisation and also by globalization strategies implemented by transnational firms. However, local development, borne by elites who are mediators of bewitching discourse on science, technology, innovation communication, management and enterprise, seems to partake of modernistic and globalising dynamic of capitalism and appears as a form of subjection of local actors to a new mode of exercising power and domination in the production sphere. The meaning of regional industrialization can be evaluated at ell. To confirm the problematic set out, a case study dealing with the electronics industry in Brittany aims at highlighting characteristics of a regional industrial activity, born from a state decision and developed under it
Loukou, Alain François. "Télécommunications et développement en Côte d'Ivoire à l'ère de la société de l'information et de la mondialisation." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30016.
Full textObservation of development policies applied in North and South shows that the processes of regional planning, local development and integration are nowadays the favorite strategies involved in development. Yet, it clearly appears that, due to the increasing importance of information in a wide range of activities, telecommunications are valuable tools that can help build development dynamics. Indeed, information, which circulates by means of telecommunications, has come to be with no doubt a strategic resource. Moreover, telecommunications raise in original terms the issue of connection between local and national economics and world economy. Knowing these facts, the study here presented aimed to show, using theoretical consideration and several practical case studies, how modern telecommunications do contribute or could better contribute to development dynamics in a poor country environment like Côte d'Ivoire
Vidal, Philippe. "La Région face à la Société de l'information, le Cas de Midi-Pyrénées et de Poitou-Charentes." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674207.
Full textTrommenschlager, Marion. "Évolution du commerce et des formes urbaines à travers la transformation numérique." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN20008/document.
Full textDue to the social acceleration of "late modernity", new political and economic issues are taking more space in territorial compositions. Confronting them with a strong recomposition of temporalities that affect the lived world. The digital transformation is not the cause but is part of this dynamic "ephemeral present"? And is likely to strengthen it in concrete terms at various levels of scale. The aim of this work is to understand is to understand how the relations between commercial forms and spatial forms are recomposed, redrawn by the numerical mutation. By studying, within the framework of a CIFRE, the respective evolutions of the shops and the territory of Rennes’s city center. The current research program will help you understad the link between city practices, commercial practices, places and spaces, but also temporalities.This research program takes part of the "Between Form and Standards" program of the PREFIcs team. It is based on an extended conception of the logics of information and communication which consider that information, to make sens, symbolically, must also be a process of formatting, considering the articulation of organizational forms. This research paper therefore questions the reconfiguration in space and time, those of public spheres and material assignments as a framework for commercial logics and consumption imaginaries
Vidal, Mathieu. "Les territoires politico-économiques face aux technologies de l'information et de la communication : entre métropolisation et différenciation territoriale." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00115213.
Full textPartant ici de ce double constat, et plaçant au centre de notre réflexion le triptyque " TIC -- Territoire -- Acteurs économiques ", nous rappelons tout d'abord comment les TIC en sont venues à occuper la place qui est la leur, aujourd'hui, dans l'économie, en étant
introduites au sein de territoires servant certes de réceptacles mais surtout de ressources à leur développement. Les TIC se sont par ailleurs insérées dans des schémas de localisation et d'organisation de
l'activité économique venant alors à être réinterrogés (notamment en
terme de métropolisation). Enfin, les TIC repositionnent les différents acteurs économiques (surtout publics) au centre d'enjeux nouveaux pour
les territoires.
Les terrains de ce travail, " territoires en archipel ", nous permettent notamment de nous interroger sur les effets de métropolisation de l'activité liée aux TIC, d'une part en effectuant une étude statistique
autour des métropoles bordelaise, toulousaine et marseillaise, et en étudiant, consécutivement en France et au Canada, une métropole et une ville -- ou " territoire numérique " -- se localisant dans son
arrière-pays. Il s'agit donc d'étudier quelle est la place des TIC, et la manière dont s'en saisissent les différents acteurs économiques, tout d'abord au sein de la métropole toulousaine puis dans le bassin de
Castres-Mazamet, ce dernier constituant le véritable coeur de ce travail. De même, avec des échelles incomparables mais des stratégies différentes justifiant le positionnement des acteurs territoriaux,
Montréal et Bromont, au Québec (Canada), permettent de renouveler l'illustration de l'importance de la place des TIC, à la fois en matière de développement économique et de développement territorial.
Si les métropoles s'inscrivent bien sûr dans une optique de développement technopolitain, les " territoires numériques " ont plutôt
pour objectif, quant à eux, la dynamisation et la différenciation, dans le jeu actuel de la concurrence territoriale, mais aussi la complémentarité avec cette métropole voisine contre laquelle il serait de toute façon impossible de lutter.
Malgré les échelles et les stratégies différentes, ces études démontrent certaines récurrences, comme la place et le rôle des différents types d'acteurs considérés, la force de la métropolisation (notamment en matière de marketing territorial) et l'importance du temps. Enfin, se pose la question de l'échelle pertinente et de la bonne gouvernance, en
matière de gestion des TIC ; si des études récentes relevaient l'importance du niveau régional, on peut s'interroger sur la place que prennent actuellement les intercommunalités et autres communautés d'agglomérations, dans le domaine du développement local axé autour des TIC.
Greiner, Nicolas. "Le déploiement spatial du numérique : temps long et effets nationaux. Étude comparative des espaces industrialo-urbains dans l’espace transfrontalier de la Grande Région." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0120.
Full textThe penetration of digital technology into urban spaces is renewing urban planning practices and modes of governance. The concept of ‘smart city' has emerged in public debate to describe this process. The widely accepted idea is that this is a predominantly metropolitan dynamic for a phenomenon that is ubiquitous in all countries. In contrast, the aim of this research is to examine the digital anchoring in non-metropolitan areas, in this case industrial and mining areas, and in different national contexts. By analysing the development of these areas over long time, and by measuring practices observed on platforms and social networks, the research enables us to test the factors that play the most direct role on the digital penetration of digital technology between, on the one hand, the hypothesis of trajectories and, on the other, the hypothesis of national contexts of belonging. Lastly, semi-directive interviews were used to assess the strategies and representations of the players involved in the process of digital penetration within their territory. The field of study is the cross-border area of the Greater Region, which includes regions developed in the wake of the second industrial revolution, and belonging to four different countries (Germany, Belgium, France and Luxembourg). The results show that national contexts and trajectories are factors that affect the practices observed in the use of digital tools and the ways in which they are deployed. Finally, many organisational obstacles inherited from the socio-technical dynamics of the last century can be observed in all regions
Piras, Paola. "Matérialité et gouvernance du système sociotechnique très haut débit à Dakar (Sénégal) : vision stratégique de l’infrastructure numérique, planification métropolitaine et chantiers de construction." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025UEFL2009.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the development of a very high-speed socio-technical system (fiber optic network and data centers) and the urban transformations of a West African metropolis, questioning the conditions and modalities of a “digital urbanism” in Dakar (Senegal). The aim is to understand how digital infrastructure and urban spaces shape each other, and to propose a reading based on materiality rather than overhanging an inert materiality-support.Drawing on work from urban studies and social approaches to technology inspired by Science and Technology Studies (STS), the investigation focuses on the socio-political, socio-technical and territorial dimensions of very-high-speed infrastructure deployment, which it analyzes at three scales, corresponding to distinct spheres of action and temporalities, and in different types of intra-urban spaces. Using a qualitative methodology (interviews, participant observation, mapping), the thesis demonstrates the ambivalent relationship between the privatized development of the very-high-speed socio-technical system and socio-spatial inequalities. On a national and metropolitan scale, it highlights the links between urban planners and powerful international telecoms operators, and their respective influence on metropolitan digital planning in a context marked by neoliberal policies. At the street level, it analyzes the role of network engineers and technicians, highlighting the role of material contingencies, informality and socio-technical “bricolage”, as well as the role of “street-level” technical expertise in the material development of very high-speed infrastructure, through a study of construction sites and “on-the-spot” work. Analysis of the governance of deployment, coupled with that of urban materiality and metropolitan socio-spatial evolutions, has enabled us to qualify a digital urbanism that differs according to urban profiles. However, while insisting on the decisive weight of telecoms operators and the insufficient prescription and regulation capacity of public authorities, the thesis identifies self-regulation mechanisms that are sometimes beneficial to the general interest, and partial catch-up mechanisms in certain less “attractive” neighborhoods. These results lead us to qualify the effects of the “privatization” of digital development on urban fragmentation, and suggest elements of reflection for the public reengagement of a thought and practice of urban digital planning in Dakar
Sicart, Catherine. "Essai de redéfinition du tourisme." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0028.
Full textThe issue of land-use planning is constitutive of any study on tourism. It legitimates consideration of an underrated sector on the one hand, and moreover opens up a field of application to academic research through its tangible sociocultural, aesthetic, technological and economic effects, and geopolitical impact. So our project is located at the confluence of two complementary orientations. The first focuses on the development of tourism knowledge as well as on the patterns that gradually shape them. It aims to highlight a redefinition attempt of tourism both subject and tool of our reflection. The second vector of our research is the application of this attempt of epistemological reading to the study of the developments in the tourist land-use planning, resulting from the changes in the tourism industry, a reflection in tune with the tourist news and possible switchpoint of land-use planning policies. An analysis of the rise of emerging clienteles in the positive context of international tourism succeeds to a summary of the basis for land-use planning. This instance is coupled with the digital mutation of the tourist market which, due to the expansion of agencies and online travel comparators, reorganizes and diversifies roles by redefining the value chain between producers and distributors. An analysis of the tourist resorts developments and of the new tourist metropolis strategies finalizes our research. The whole targets a wealthy clientele, and classifies the fate of the tourism industry as a class activity
N'Zebele, Jérôme. "Télécommunications et aménagement du territoire au Congo." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080775.
Full textThe fondamental role play by telecommunications in social and economic developpement, and spatial planning in congo is no longer strange but real and important because it is a developping country which want to integrate new communications technologies. After this analysis: telecommunications appear as generators of disenclosement and this developpement of isolated aeras structuring therefore the space. This leads to what we call: spatil discrepancy or regional discrepancy: discrepancy accentuated by equipements the outline networks, density, flow, and tariffs these different elements reinforce the weight of two central poles of congo: brazzaville and pointe noire. But the preoccupations of spatial planning must be taken into account to lead to well balanced and well thought of ventilation as regards telecommunications. In this domain we must avoid the mimesis and more over consider the human dimension which determines the future of possible innovation
Grangé, Jacques. "Les territoires aéroportuaires comme catalyseurs de la connaissance et source d’innovation pour les métropoles mondiales : de l'airport city à l'aerotropolis ?" Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL105.
Full textThe development of international air traffic is a major component of the international exchanges occurred since the Second World War. The terrestrial translation is the development of airport. With the deregulations occurred in the years the 1990, hubs are major elements of European space. They generated airport territories going beyond the administrative and domanial limits of the airports; those are important spaces of the knowledge and innovation economy. For this reason, they are major metropolitan polarities. We chose three major located out of two continents: Paris Charles de Gaulle, Amsterdam Schiphol and Seoul Incheon... Because of their synchronous multimode accessibility, these airports are recipients of important and multipurpose airport territories. They take part in various forms and degrees in the knowledge and innovation economy and in particular in its circulations
Drâmbӑ, Mihaela. "L'évolution organisationnelle de l'administration départementale dans le contexte de la numérisation généralisée." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN20015/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the local French administration and its territorial de/reconstructions in relation to the digitalization process in a changing environment in which the efficiency of the public action is of main concern. Contrary to other studies, this research is based on a dynamic definition of the territory as a framework for collective action and on a broad concept oforganizational process which produces a weaving where lines of de/re/territorialisation get entangled. These lines are studied as a manner of being and acting and are thus involved in the process of structuring effective organizations. This process is observed from the perspective that the propensity to efficiency is found underlying or manifest in the form of digital media and its joint arrangement. The de/re/territorialisation mechanisms linked to digitalization were investigated during a three years fieldwork. If the coexistence of organizational coding and decoding are making the territory alive, actual and becoming at the same time, the tendency to higher code enhancing through digitalization challenges the capacity to renew the potential of efficiency
Martouzet, Denis. "Recherche du fondement de l'éthique de l'aménagement." Tours, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOUR1010.
Full textThe thesis aims at showing that a code of ethics for the planning profession implies first a definition of the discipline, secondly a bringing to ligth of its historical and conceptual constants. To that end, a definition has been worked out, centered on four different notions : space, tile, collective action and open-ended developments. There follows a study of the different flows of ethical and deontological considerations. It subsequently appears that the time-space notion aline allows a rational basis for an ethical principle. The latter can be defined by a diversification of the different elements constituting the space potentially usable for social purposes, that is to say the space planners work on. It is an ethic of the never-ending opportunities in the field of planning
Montacer, Makram. "Localisation industrielle, disparités spatiales et aménagement du territoire en Tunisie." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE0015.
Full textThroughout this work, we have shown how the theory of the endogenous local development can constitute the basis of regional planning. The aim is to fight against spatial inequalities of development. A spatial economic analysis has permitted us both to understand the economic basis of spatial inequalities and to infer a core - periphery structure. We have tried to study this structure in a developing country : Tunisia. The failure of Tunisian regional policies to fight against the inequalities of development between the coast and the interior, already present in the early 1950's, has lead us to evaluate the policies adopted in the mid 1980's. In this way, an Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis applied to the regional employment was able to show the persistence of the coast/interior configuration in the case of industry. However, there are positive signs in the employment within the spatial distribution of services and agriculture
Toudon, Sylvie. "La maîtrise des opérations d'aménagement du territoire : de la politique de l'aménagement du territoire à la maîtrise de l'action foncière." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10020.
Full textKadiri, Kaouakib Khadija. "Environnement et aménagement urbain : Problématique d'une approche marocaine." Nice, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NICE0041.
Full textVigneau, François-Emmanuel. "Espaces du sport et aménagement sportif des territoires." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20029.
Full textThis research deals with territorial development regarding spaces devoted to sport. In the first part we have introduced the participants, the laws and the regulations that are the framework of their action, the evolution of public policies and the issues at stake during half a century. In the second part we have made an inventory and a study of the tools that have been used in France and in several European countries for the assessment and planning of sports facilities for over fifty years. In the third part we have endeavoured to find some criteria for the further establishment of grids in order to evaluate demand and specify offer. Above all we have tried to show that the field of territorial sports development and sports facilities can no longer be considered as the sum of normative knowledge and technical skill but as a field open to scientific reflection with an interdisciplinary aspect
Capet, Yann. "La Recomposition du territoire littoral en France métropolitaine." Littoral, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DUNK0157.
Full textThe variety of the actors and the reduction of the legal instruments contribute to make of the coast a fragmented space. The movement of reorganization which gets territories today seems to be able to restore him a certain unity renewing there even the legal apprehension of which it was until then the object. The consolidation of the concept of Integrated Coastal Zones Management, at the same time as the development of the reorganization of territories, opens the way to a new conception of the relations maintained between law and littoral. The reorganization of the territories, as essential modality of the ICZM, open the possibility of restoring the unity of the coast, in the fact that it pulls the consequences of the maladjustment of the traditional administrative territories and that it restores the sector-based instruments drawn by the law in a global and unified perspective. The appeal to the notion of reorganization of the territory for the implemented of has ICZM renew connections between the law and the coast and tends to a certain extent to restore it in one system opened to the specificities. The coast is then envisaged under the angle of a general approach opened to the variety thanks to a revival of connections between law and territory. This hypothesis seems to authorize a new reading of the littoral problems by allowing to integrate at the same moment spaces, standards and actors in a management system the end of which is the sustainable development of the coast
Chalon, Gérald. "Aménagement du territoire et télécommunications : quel rôle pour les collectivités locales ? : contribution à une réflexion sur la notion de régulation des services publics en réseaux." Reims, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REIMD007.
Full textTelecoms and land planning : What part for the local authorities ? Contribution to a reflection on the notion of regulation of networked public services. The subject of our thesis is to identify and characterize the part and the scope of local authorities in the telecoms area regarding the land planing stakes. Our study points out that our intervention is closely linked to the telecoms public service as adopted by the July 26th 1996 law and the Community directives concerning the universal service. Far from meaning the giving up of the public service policy, the intervention of the local authorities in this area should be interpreted as a sign of the necessary evolution of this field and its decentralization as far as its implementation is concerned
Ogoundele-Tessi, Max. "Evolution des îles de Saint Martin et d'Anguille et influences croisées extérieures en terme d'aménagement et d'urbanisme." Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR4501.
Full textOver the last few years, different contributions such as the population increase, culture, town planning, architecture and finance have fused together generating an unexpected development of the islands of saint martin and anguilla. As a result, these islands, on various levels, have undergone some land planning following the example of their respective home countries. The transcriptions of these various land planning are likely to cause problems considering the fgact that these islands have adapted, an easy way out which is a mono-activity based on tourism. In fact, the development of this unique activity not only weakens these islands but foreshadows a possible degradation of their environment and generally of their way of life thus of tourism their sole industry. As a result, inter islands, interstates and even interregional approches are essential
Leroux, Isabelle. "La négociation dans la construction du territoire : une approche institutionnaliste." Toulouse 1, 2002. http://www.biu-toulouse.fr/uss/scd/theses/fiches-pdf/leroux-i/index.htm.
Full textThis thesis brings to light that negotiation is at stake in territory construction based on resources creation. This resources creation supposes to set up coordination between various actors (firms, public actors, social actors), whose vested interests may not prove conciliable. So the dynamic of territory construction depends on actors capacity to solve these conflicts by using negotiation. The main contribution of this thesis is to propose a renewed conception of teritory, within the proximity approach perspective, cleary definited as a negotiation space. It means here a space built up from complex, crossed and situated negotiation processes, aiming at conflict anticipation, mediation and solving. Negotiation is beeing defined through an institutionalist perspective as a rules co-production process, both arbitral and arbitrated, aiming at a comptability between the different logics involved
Larribe, Sébastien. "Représentations auto-centrées et interactives d'un réseau d'acteurs en aménagement." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR1802.
Full textRoussel, Christine. "Concurrences de pouvoirs et aménagement du territoire en Ile-de-France." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081133.
Full textIf national and regional development is really the matter of experts, it's also the politicians' matter by the local communities. Indeed, in 1982, we have passed from an authoritarian development to a more democratical one. Each political actor can, from now on, define his development purpose and the local councillors are more and more interested in their area. Ten years of decentralization have created imperfections (crossed financings, abilities overlapping. . . ). From which can ask that : who can decide what in ile-defrance ? the purpose of this research is to bring to the fore the powers' competition on different themes and scales, and the actors' function in national and regional development in ile-de-france
Groud, Hervé. "Aménagement du territoire et politique industrielle : le rôle des collectivités locales." Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIMD002.
Full textTown and country planning, begin in the sixties, was not as centralised as it often claimed. Local communities had to participate in the various stages of its development to give it a concrete form. But it's even more surprising to note that, before 1982, they conceived their own planning as the state was more concentrating its efforts on an industrial policy. Now plan contracts enable regions determine the planning of their area. The uniformity of this policy depends on the ability of regions to summon up local initiatives expressing themselves in leading schemes and intermunivipal charters and on the degree of autonomy given to the region prefects. The system of help set up in 1982 is not perfect. In the future, the participation of regions in the capital of local financial societies and the signature of conventions with banks should permit to diversify the systems of actions and to make it more efficient
Malyadi-Rachi, Sanaâ. "Aménagement du territoire au Maroc : infrastructures de transport et disparités régionales." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32014.
Full textThis thesis examines the role of transport infrastructures in the economic growth and reducing regional disparities, with an application to the issue of the land planning in Morocco. This issue will demonstrate as whether the transport infrastructures can be a veritable tool for economic development. The work is structured in two parts and four chapters. The first part takes the form of a review of theoretical and empirical literature on the role of transport infrastructure in the land planning and reducing regional disparities. The first chapter is devoted to a presentation of new theories of economic geography and endogenous growth, which intend to explain the regional disparities. The second chapter discusses the effects of transport infrastructure on the location of economic agents and the processes of urban activities. The second part of the paper develops an empirical study using panel data which aims to test the impact of transport infrastructure on a sample of 16 Moroccan regions. The third chapter is intended to describe the sample and variables of the model used, and the explanation of methodological choices. Finally, the fourth and final chapter presents and discusses the different results.Transport infrastructures appear to have a positive impact on the economic growth. Their role in reducing inter-regional disparities remains unclear. Given our results, it seems to allow a reduction in the gap between the five richest regions, without allowing the regions to make up these regions
Genovesio, Fabien. "Le Médoc : "entre environnement et aménagement"." Bordeaux 3, 2006. https://hal.science/tel-04049781v1.
Full textThe “Médoc” peninsula constitutes a particularly representative area to work out a reflection on the environment and land use planning. Currently, this area is under tourist activities pressure which affects its littoral part. However, it is also wedged and unbalanced because all its interior part is forsaken. Its estuarine wine producing frontage and its tourist littoral frontage are deprived of a harmonious economic development, coherent land use planning, and development schemes. The “Médoc” is thus presented as an area requiring attentions. The issue will have to be built around connexions and effects of land use planning and tourist development on the environment. So, starting from a regular follow-up of a reality ground and a total geographical consideration, tourism and its installations will be apprehended as a tool for enhancement and opening up of this area. Tourism also introduces a possible aspect of environment degradation, whereas, the latter stands as a fundamental asset of this area. That is why, to think about the environment and the development of this area is trying to provide the best tools to better manage the effects of tourist activities and planification. It is to argue and support assumptions reconciling tourism and environment, it is to redefine new basis of development, enhancement, organisation, and long term urban planning. The recent advent of the “Médoc”, the new regional perspectives concerning urban planning, environment and development require the support of thought and scientific approach. The aim of this issue is to contribute to the “Médoc” organisation and land use planning, the harmonization of tourist development and environment, and the area readjustment. In sum, the thesis wishes to bring the useful data to base a sustainable and coherent local development
Soudan, Franck. "Le code et le territoire." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAA025/document.
Full textUnder what conditions a territory is built in regard to computer programming? How to reterritorialize Internet to a body scale? By where the algorithm penetrates our symbolic exchanges? With the i-material society, since we have to compose with the flow of information, we almost have to accept to start from nowhere and un-finish our development. Also, far from wanting to establish categories or principles claiming to establish an action plan, this thesis asks itself the problem of what, in a program, always escapes the codes; new images as they go beyond the screens and human environments, deeply hybridized by programmed automatons. To think flows, it is essential to consider a ground, a human environment fragment. Two projects related to the notion of territory --- a public service mission aimed to develop a network of cultural operators all over the city of Bourg-en-Bresse, and a digital art work investing, with the social portrait, the question of a re-appropriation of individuated stream --- will allow us to progress throughout this hyper-complex halfway between the body and the program. Ultimately, it will be to see what kind of affect it is necessary for us to know so that digital networks accompany an increase in our power to exist
GRUPPOSO, MARIE CATHERINE. "L'emergence de la notion d'amenagement paysager, en france, dans les annees 60. Etude de la filiere decisionnelle." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070047.
Full textAt the end of the sixties, as a reaction against the architecture of the "chemin de grue" which lead to the large urban habitational units, the valorization of collective spaces and the restitution of an habitat at a human scale and of a urban continuity have became an urbanistic concern. The renewal is a consequence of the power given to architects and artists in urban design ; this has been possible thanks to the insertion of these profesionals in the decisional channel of managing of a new politic of national spatial planning. This politic pushed forward by general de gaulle, was based on the objective of making the french economy competitive in the common marquet. At the center of this politic, the planification has been used to facilitate industrial decentralisation and entreprises restructuration by creating, at the regional level, a hierarchic system of towns corresponding to the services and activities proposed by each one and interconnected by well developed communication systems. In order to materialize this territorial organisation, an interministerial committee was created in 1959 : the "ciat", which makes a specific decisional channel directed by high ranking civil servants having interministerial fonctions. For the parisian region, the first region to be organized, this channel is structured in a central administration (the "district"), some technical organisms (the "laurp" for the conception of the regional planning program and the "aptrp" for the obtention of private parcels without previous consultation of local deputes) and an administration of the mission for local organization (the "mea"). This last structure has developed a strategy completely oriented towards the overall control of the building policy by transformation of collective spaces (streets, green spaces, diverse interstitial spaces, etc) in structural components of the urban space, by their valorisation, in particular thanks to the chromo-landscape technique
Melin, Hélène. "La construction d'un patrimoine industriel dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais : du travail de mémoire au développement local." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50377-2002-21.pdf.
Full textDuthion, Brice. "Quand les transports urbains seront "durables". . . : géographie et territoires d'un service public." Cergy-Pontoise, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CERG0170.
Full textThe city is the place of all the exchanges. City upsets the traditional geographic borders, by the extension and distortion of the urbanized spaces, the economic borders, by the localization of the activities mostly in specialized areas, the political borders, by connections between cities centres and their suburbs. The town is planned and codified. It is the remarkable "fact" of the last century, so much by the migratory phenomena which it engendered that by the new problems raised. Local public transports concern all the actors of a territory: users and non-users, companies and industrial groups, elected local and national, representatives of the State. The territorial meshes define spatial and social partitions in specific subsets. Discontinuities even effects barriers appear in their internal streams to the various scales. The territories of local public transports are thus multiple, "central" and "peripheral" territories. French and American examples will illustrate them
Cheng, Chunning. "A la recherche d'une approche évaluative d'un territoire en mutation : entre territoire et politiques publiques de développement local : le cas du Languedoc-Roussillon." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10050.
Full textCallens, Bruno. "Techniques, technopoles et aménagement du territoire : contribution à l'étude des conséquences du déterminisme technique sur le droit de l'aménagement du territoire." Lille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL20012.
Full textWhat can we learn from approaching the technical aspect of the future development of regional planning legislation in an economic context encouraging "technique explosion"? This is the central question presented in this thesis. The problematic adopted highlight the need to re-examined the notion of regional planning legislation, and beyond that, to bring about new representation. In the first part, an attempt is made to analyze the impact of "stricto sensu" techniques on spatial structuring by first putting it into a historic perspective so as to envisage the impact of the current technical revolution. At the same time, we tried to evaluate room for action on the part of public actors who must either adopt or go against the effects of current fluctuations brought about by the appearance of innovation. It appears historically that public authorities have never been indifferent to the spatial consequences linked to the appearance of techniques. Today, faced with technical systems that are rapidly becoming more complex and autonomous, thus increasing the unpredictability of their spatial effects, the opportunity for a legal hold on this innovative dynamic force is suggested. The second part is devoted to analyzing the science park phenomenon, comprehending its specificity and defining its role in spatial structuring before establishing the way in which public actors could control it within the scope of political regional planning. We stressed the fact that the effectiveness of science parks as tools in regional planning depended on the need to not limit them solely to their spatial dimensions. On the contrary, emphasis should be placed on mobilizing specific legal techniques likely to stimulate and maintain processes with synergy
Tronchon, Pierre. "Aménagement de l'espace et sécurité civile." Perpignan, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PERP0071.
Full textThis thesis wishes to demonstrate : - that the failure to master urban planning may breed death - by creating urbanisation along major trunk roads thought lessly - or social conflicts - by anarchical construction of council flatsi n town belts without thinking of how to integrate these estates with existing housing. - that public opinion is much more sensitive to the consequences of natural catastrophes aggravated by man than to traffic accidents in urban areas yet responsible for 50 times more victimes each year. - that civil security be improved by a real democratisation of urban planning of the whole territory (concerted planning) and by creating a courageous and determined land policy
Hasnaoui, Mohamed. "Habitat et développement endogène en Algérie : perspectives d'un nouvel aménagement du territoire." Paris, EHESS, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0035.
Full textTill today, algeria's problems of habitat and territory planning have never been taken into serious consideration. Disorder reigns since the days of otoman-algeria. The absence of attention has resulted in a major discrepancy between the modes and standards of life in the urban and the rural areas. This has onl-aggravated the housing problems all over the country. With an annual per capita income of more than two thousand dollars, an algerian can be expected to invest more in housing. An increase in the number of houses constructed will not only be benefecial to the economic progress of the country, but can also allow us to define and adopt a better strategy for endogenous development and planning of territory
Benezech, Sylvie. "Vieillesse, vieillissement démographique et aménagement d'un territoire montagnard : exemple des Hautes-Alpes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE19078.
Full textFor the geographer, old age raises several problems so far as social management and land administration are concerned, the first part of this dissertation definies old age. Old people's biological, psychological as well as financial evolutions have serious consequences on the life of the community and on family solidarity. The choice made in the second part of this word is to focus on areas with a high proportion of old people, where the living conditions ca raise problems in cases of dependency. I have examined the case of hautes-alpes, characterized by its rurality, the disruption of former patterns of life, uneasy access, the lack of power of local communities and its demographic evolution. In the third part, i describe the physical and social conditions of mountain environment and the constraints that bear on the lives of old and dependent people. The results of the survey i have carried out show the major role played by solidarity towards old people. Staying at home depends on whether the family unit is able or willing to help them do so. But the future is uncertain. My last observation is mat is due to the deterioration of the environment, employment, services, trade. Here lies the whole problem of a ratonal development of mountain areas, aiming at reducing the present imbalance and social disparities, and at preventing marginalisation and exclusion
Contremoulin, Eddie. "Politique du territoire et territorialisation du politique." Caen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CAEN1081.
Full textTrosa, Sylvie. "La DATAR ou la génèse de l'aménagement du territoire." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010268.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the production of a story of landplanning and its appropriation by the french civil service. The historical point of view makes us able to approach more precisely the possible matter of politics of landplanning. The history is the result of the analysis of all texts and studies about landplanning. It shows that the concept and capacity of synthesis (meaning that private enterprise is not able to succed this synthesis) to a state which thinks that is action is only second, while private enterprise is the source of creativity and intervention
Roche, Stéphane. "Enjeux de l'appropriation sociale des technologies de l'information géographique pour l'aménagement territorial : études de cas en France et au Québec." Angers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ANGE0017.
Full textThe relations between planners, their area of activity, and their appropriation of geomatic technologies have seldom been studied to date. In particular, little is known of the real implications for the planning process of developing a gis at municipal level. The aim of this descriptive research is to improve understanding of the process of social appropriation among planners of geographical information technology (git), and the influence of the cultural, organisational and spatial context on this process of appropriation. The research methodology is based on four exploratory and comparative case studies of french and quebecois towns, accompanied by a survey questionnaire and institutional interviews. The results show that a gis is a social constuction that reflects certain spatial practises and is deeply rooted in its developmental context. It is also characterised by different forms of social appropriation, depending on the type of participant, that have a deep influence on local socio-spatial dynamics
Beka, Beka Annie. "Croissance et aménagement urbain à Libreville (Gabon) : l’impasse foncière." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100051.
Full textThe most striking of these last forty years is the major transformation of Libreville, because of a very rapid urban growth. It is characterized by a high concentration of population and a dramatic expansion space mainly because to migratory movements. However, the constant arrival massive and uncontrolled populations in the city led to the proliferation of sub-integrated neighbourhoods, densely built and unhealthy. Indeed, when new immigrants arrive, their main concern is to find a roof. They have not at their disposal plots; colonize the empty spaces, inconstructibles, mostly beside the parent or the friend, first arrived in Libreville. This illegal occupation of spaces leads inevitably impact on the distribution plan landscape, and hence of urban development and especially the precarious land it caused. The public no longer able to offer land because of economic crisis, legitimate illegality by regulating land that originally were acquired unlawfully. Libreville has grown without any pattern of urban development. The existing land regulations do not guarantee access to the land for the greatest number. The procedures are lengthy and complex, which is likely to discourage those who want to venture. How to facilitate access to property to the greatest number, while respecting the harmonious development of the city? We have proposed revision procedures, adapting to the mores and customs of the people
Mandrou-Taoubi, Françoise. "L'Aveyron : gestion départementale, aménagement et identité." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20059.
Full textMedoulou, Ambiaga. "La région frontalière du nord Gabon - sud Cameroun : perspectives d'aménagement et d'intégration." Reims, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REIML010.
Full textBérion, Pascal. "Grandes infrastructures de transport et aménagement du territoire : méthodologie et mise en place de l'observatoire des effets territoriaux de l'autoroute A 39." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1043.
Full textTeai, Thierry Tanoa. "Pour la mise en oeuvre d'une politique d'aménagement du territoire en Polynésie française." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX32036.
Full textBrouksy, Lahcen. "Essai sur l'aménagement du territoire au Maroc et ses implications institutionnelles et politiques." Lyon 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO33003.
Full textThis thesis involves a technical and institutional approach to the problematic national and regional development in morocco, in taking the region as the basis and setting, as the privileged place in the economic programme planning and in the participation of men in making their destiny. After analysing the path of national and regional development in morocco, this thesis laid down the problems involved in the fitting of structures to the geo-human organization of the national area, and proposed new options focussed on the national and regional objectives
Schürch, Dieter. "Économie de la présence subjective dans des contextes de développement régional." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100197.
Full textBouziane, Zohra Bensafir. "Evolution et transformation de l'espace agricole à la périphérie d'Oran : la corniche oranaise et la plaine des Hassis." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10147.
Full textLe, Cornec Erwann. "La prise en compte de l'environnement par les règles d'urbanisme." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010254.
Full textThe planning regulations provide a manifold and complete means of environmental protection through the use of local planning guidelines; essentially as a facility, rarely as an obligation. However, the methods of regulation that have been created or maintained in order to ensure the possible inclusion of the environment are far from fulfilling their role : either they are unused, under-used, or worse, applied perversely. A close inspection of some of these mechanisms shows that one can indeed talk of a certain liberality towards these internal controls of the local planning regulations to the extent even of a concealed "de-reglementation", no less prejudicial to the environment. Thus, one can see that planning law applied to local and development planning guidelines is not as neutral towards the environment as it would appear at first sight. It is then necessary to resort to means external to the local and development planning system in order that they be charged with the obligation to take into account the environment. The protection of the environment then applies as an imposed limitation to the local and development planning guidelines in two ways : on the one hand, through the planning codes applicable at a territorial level superior to the commune (Parish) or congregation of communes ; and on the other, through specific legislations concerning the environment. This implies a certain complexity in law, in particular the continued development of judicial means to controle the interactions between these two spheres, but it is necessary in order that the environment be properly protected by local and developement plans and regulations