Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aménités'
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Joliet, Fabienne. "Zones et parcs d'entreprises : hérésies et aménités paysagères ?" Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20032.
Full textIn suburban areas today, two generations of economics sites are juxtaposed. On the one hand, there are industrial or activity zones (ZI or ZA) conceived without any landscape consideration during the thirty gloriouls years. On the other hand, there are the very neatly composed activity parks or technoparks born in the eighties. Both of these concepts are considered in a simpliscic manner. Although their economic use is clearly understood, ZIand ZA are considered as landscape 'heresies' unlike parks or technoparks which are considered almost as landscape 'amenities'. This work attempts to understand and go beyond these alternatives. One part will analyse the origin of the ZI and ZA concept. This reflection will lead us to see how they seem to be censored in the public eye but also how some may become an aesthetic medium and thus embody a kind of landscaping poetry. Another part will present conditions necessary for the creation and the development and look at the debatable enthousiasm behind it. Some firms are able to generate a genuinely creative expression, whereas others simply lead to new industrial recipes which threaten to become 'common' landscapes
Amiaud, David. "Tourisme et handicap : recherche sur les conditions d'accessibilité aux aménités du littoral." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LAROF044/document.
Full textPeople with disabilities can they be tourists ? Facing the discrepancy between the deficient body and the environment, what actions can be implemented to facilitate access of tourists with limited mobility to coastal amenities ? Spatial discontinuities create situations of disability and entail strong socio-spatial inequalities when it's a matter in access to territorial resources. Faced with this situation the law of February 11th 2005 mandates the establishment of public policy of accessibility based on the paradigm of design for all. If it is recognized that people with disabilities have the right to work, access to holidays and leisure attached to it are less taken into account in our society. Yet, the right to tourism is a strong social claim by disabled people. To answer this, French government help to create new modalities of access to tourism practices through the label "Tourisme & handicap". Widely unprecedented in the French geographic research, the relationship between tourism and disability raises yet many questions about mobility, mode of dwelling tourist, socio-spatial inclusion or citizenship of people with disabilities. For this we will do, using the tools of Geography, like GIS, the hypothesis of the usefulness of a territorial model tourism accessible so that the public policy of disability can contribute to fight effectively against spatial injustices, to facilitate the acceptance of human diversity and to maximise conditions of concretisation well-being of people otherwise capable
Mouate, Olivier. "Le rôle de la culture dans les dynamiques urbaines : une analyse économique des aménités culturelles." Thesis, Angers, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ANGE0002.
Full textMore and more cities rely on culture to revitalize their economies by improving the well-being of residents and attracting creative and skilled individuals, who are strategic in the transition to the post-industrial economy. The aim of this thesis is to understand how culture contributes to territorial dynamics, and to empirically verify its impact on the individual’s location. To address this problem, we defined and highlighted the interest of the cultural amenity concept. It helps to understand how cultural activities that are clustered in a city contribute to the formation of a cultural atmosphere which is localized and has no market value. The positive value attributed by individuals to these amenities would impact their location choices. Two empirical studies are carried out. The first assesses the share of attractiveness of French urban areas due to culture and shows that the ones that are better endowed with cultural jobs benefit from a higher level of attractiveness. The second study is based on survey data from the application of the Choice Experiment method, which allows us to consider the non-market determinants of a hypothetical location choice. We studied a sample of students likely to have a location choice to make. We show that culture positively impacts the choice of location but is not sufficient to justify the city choice. A second application of the method shows a stronger sensitivity to cultural event dimensions than to patrimonial dimensions when choosing the city
Marsat, Jean-Bernard. "Valorisation et gestion des aménités naturelles : Comment construire des stratégies d'alliance entre acteurs d'environnement et acteurs du tourisme ?" Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004693.
Full textTruchet, Stéphanie. "Analyse économique du développement territorial du tourisme : prise en compte des aménités et des interactions spatiales marchandes et non marchandes." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00704585.
Full textUkrayinchuk, Nadiya. "La localisation des personnes d'origine étrangère dans les pays d'accueil." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL12008/document.
Full textThis thesis contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms guiding the residential choices of immigrants, especially those leading to geographical concentrations inside host countries. The thesis is rooted in recently developed theoretical and empirical advances in many fields, in particular the spatial analysis methods. This work followed three main objectives. Firstly, a consistent and sound theoretical framework has been coherently developed to conduct such an analysis. To do so, 1 synthesized results on migration, even though they did not have explicitly analyzed immigrants' location problems, from economics and related fields, in particular sociology. Secondly, 1 developed an applied comparative study of the location choices of immigrants in three European countries (France, Switzerland, and Italy) using spatial methods. ln general, the results confirm the existence of network effects in immigrants' location patterns. The results of the econometric estimations show however, that the theoretical assumption that economic factors fundamentally explain an immigrant's location decision does not prevail empirically. It is also worth noting that the model gives to local characteristics a significant role in the residential decisions of immigrants. Finally, 1 studied the economic performance of immigrants located in ethnically concentrated areas and addressed the role of ethnic employment
Ben, Othmen Asma. "Tourisme de nature et financement de la préservation des sites naturels et aménités par leurs usagers : le cas de l'estuaire de la Gironde (France)." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40026/document.
Full textTourism services provided by natural environment are composites goods and often non-market. Funding the preservation of this heritage by its own users depends on a profound knowledge of the preferences of tourists and the value they place on nature. This thesis aims to contribute to the debate on the funding of natural areas and amenities preservation programs by tourists. To do so we consider as an entry point the individual’s behavior heterogeneity from two perspectives. First, we examine the determinants of heterogeneity in terms of the demand of nature tourism stay, and then we focus on the analysis of heterogeneity in terms of the contribution mechanism chosen by the agents, e.g., voluntary contribution mechanism or contribution mechanism against a service. The non-economic motivations for contributing and overall cognitive factors, considered in conjunction with other tourists’ individual characteristics, is the main thread structuring our reflection throughout this thesis. Finally, the results obtained through this analysis are contrasted with those from an instrument of tourists contributions already implemented: taxation. We propose an application for summer stays in the region of the Gironde estuary in France
Arnoult, Emilie. "Emploi et territoire : trois essais en économétrie appliquée." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0042.
Full textL'accroissement des mobilités résidentielles métropolitaines engendre une réorganisation démographique du territoire. La compréhension de ce phénomène représente un enjeu pour l'ensemble des territoires puisque la répartition de leur richesse en dépend. En effet, en particulier grâce au développement des réseaux de transports, la distance entre les territoires se réduit et les lieux de résidences diffèrent aujourd'hui des lieux de production. Hors les ménages réalisent une grande part de leurs dépenses à proximité de leur lieu de résidence. La question de l'attractivité résidentielle des ménages n'a jusqu'aujourd'hui que très peu été approchée; les données disponibles ainsi que les méthodes de traitement permettent à présent de l'appréhender
Iraqi, Mehdi. "Approches théoriques pour une optimisation géométrique des formes urbaines : vers un aménagement fractal de la ville." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCC027/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to establish a urban structure that optimizes inhabitant's preferences. In other words, we want to find out which city shape answers the best the residents' aspirations, according to their consumption preferences for urban and green amenities. By considering a theoretical field of study and by characterizing the population by a Cobb-Douglas behavioral pattern, we will build step by step a city, assuming successive arrivais of new individuals, in order to find out which geometric shape gives the most suitable answer. The final goal of this thesis is there to suggest a city with a fractal shape as an appro- priate answer to the resident's expectations. We will show that this structure provides indeed both a balance between accesses to urban amenities and accesses to green amenities and a balance between amenities and budget, with an effective distance compensation that satisfies the overall exigencies of the city
Youssoufi, Samy. "Satisfaction résidentielle et configurations spatiales en milieu périurbain." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903526.
Full textTivadar, Mihai. "Structures sociales urbaines et ville écologique." Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50374-2006-Tivadar.pdf.
Full textBonhomme, Stéphane. "Inégalité, mobilité et hétérogénéité sur le marché du travail : Contribution Empiriques et Méthodiques." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163065.
Full textDans le deuxième chapitre nous étudions l'effet de la mobilité entre emplois sur les corrélations entre salaires et caractéristiques non salariales. Dans notre modèle, de fortes préférences pour ces caractéristiques ne se traduisent pas nécessairement en corrélations négatives si les frictions de mobilité sont importantes. Sur données européennes, nous estimons de fortes préférences pour certaines caractéristiques telles que le type de travail ou la sécurité de l'emploi, ainsi que des différentiels de salaires très faibles entre niveaux d'aménités.
Les chapitres 3 et 4 introduisent une méthode de modélisation de l'hétérogénéité inobservée : l'analyse en composantes indépendantes. Celle-ci diffère de l'analyse en composantes principales en ce que les facteurs ne sont pas supposés simplement non corrélés, mais statistiquement indépendants. Cette hypothèse permet d'identifier les facteurs de manière non ambigüe. Nous appliquons notre méthode à des données de salaires de l'éducation pour l'année 1995 en France. Nos résultats suggèrent une relation complexe et multidimensionnelle entre le niveau d'étude et son rendement sur le marché du travail.
Prévost, Aurélie. "Inférence(s) des documents d'urbanisme sur le territoire : modélisation multicritère et évaluation durable : application à la ville de Toulouse." Thesis, Compiègne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013COMP2104/document.
Full textUrban planning includes the institutional means used to control urban development. Over the years, the French urban plans saw their goals modified towards a more controlled urban space management (SRU and Grenelle laws). Besides, environmental and spatial protection issues were reinforced by European legislation, which made the environmental assessment compulsory for some plans (in 2001 for Europe, applied in France in 2005). This PhD research aims to propose a complementary assessment approach to the current indicators contained in the local plan’s assessments, and, more broadly, to question the impacts of the local plans on urban areas. In fact, the local plan indicators seem to be more adapted for a city sustainability performance analysis than for an analysis of the quality of the regulations contained in the plans. This approach starts with the creation of a set of indicators, which are expected to show the effects of the local plan, focusing on “regulatory planning criteria” (zoning, constraints for a building shape and parcel layout, public facilities and amenities) and “sustainable planning” (based on the SRU and Grenelle laws definitions). Finally, the aggregation of the indicators, by the use of multicriteria and statistical analysis, will supply regulatory planners not only with a tool for better understanding of the complex regulations but also a decision aiding tool, whose purpose is to facilitate the choices planners have to make for the evolution of the zoning and the regulation. The local plan of the city of Toulouse will be used as a case study to show the application of the approach
Morel-Brochet, Annabelle. "Ville et campagne à l'épreuve des modes d'habiter : approche biographique des logiques habitantes." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00264308.
Full textCognard, Françoise. "" Migrations d'agrément " et nouveaux habitants dans les moyennes montagnes françaises : de la recomposition sociale au développement territorial. L'exemple du Diois, du Morvan et du Séronais." Phd thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF20003.
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