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1
Weisberg, Herbert F. "Reflections: The Michigan Four and Their Study of American Voters: A Biography of a Collaboration." PS: Political Science & Politics 49, no. 04 (2016): 845–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104909651600161x.
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ABSTRACTThe publication ofThe American Voterin 1960 revolutionized the study of American voting behavior. Its University of Michigan authors, Angus Campbell, Philip E. Converse, Warren E. Miller, and Donald E. Stokes, were to share thousands of citations, but they were four different people, with different backgrounds, different personalities, and different career trajectories afterwards. This paper presents a chronological biography ofThe American Voter, from assembling the research team, through writing the book, to its aftermath, and ending with brief perspectives on each author.
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Heideman, Paul M. "Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883–1918, Jeffrey B. Perry, New York: Columbia University Press, 2009." Historical Materialism 21, no. 3 (2013): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341315.
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AbstractJeffrey B. Perry’s biography of Hubert Harrison restores the legacy of a central figure in the history of Black radicalism. Though largely forgotten today, Harrison was acknowledged by his early-twentieth-century peers as ‘the father of Harlem radicalism’. Author of pioneering analyses of white supremacy’s role in American capitalism, proponent of armed self-defence among African-Americans, and anti-colonial intellectual, Harrison played a central role in the development of Black politics in the United States. This review traces Harrison’s journey from socialist organiser to Black nationalist, considering its implications for the history of American radicalism.
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Syomchenko, R. A. "ALTERNATIVE WORLD OF DAY AND NIGHT IN THE CH. PALAHNIUK’S NOVEL “RANT: AN ORAL BIOGRAPHY OF BUSTER CASEY”." National Association of Scientists 1, no. 29(56) (2020): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2020.1.56.228.
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The article considers the artistic world of American author Ch. Palahniuk’s novel “Rant: an oral biography of Buster Casey”. The differences in the worldview of the Day and Night inhabitants are established. It is determined that the social structure of the artistic world directly correlates with the problems of the real world.
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Beuran, Irina Adriana, Ileana Ionescu, Mihai Burlibaşa, et al. "Dr. Edward Hartley Angle, the founder of modern orthodontics – part II." Romanian Medical Journal 68, no. 1 (2021): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2021.1.20.
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Edward Hartley Angle was an eminent American scientist, dentist, great inventor, being rightly considered to be the father of modern orthodontics. The great American scientist was the author of an impressive number of patents (46) and was the coordinator of 7 editions of some impressive orthodontic treatises. Thus, in this material, which we structured in 2 distinct parts, we tried to present as concisely as possible the most important data from the biography of Dr. Edward Hartley Angle.
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Zenkevich, I. V. "Archibald Cary Coolidge: A Promoter of Russian Studies in the United States." Язык и текст 3, no. 3 (2016): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2016030307.
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The article is dedicated to the contribution of Harvard professor Archibald Cary Coolidge and his students into the rise and development of Russian studies in American Universities. The author believes that it was due to their personal interest and enthusiasm that the Russian language began to be taught in the USA universities. The article provides information about Coolidge’s biography, his approach to teaching Russian, and his work aimed at popularizing Russian and introducing it into the American higher education curriculum.
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Zakharov, D. V. "Posthumous baggage. Harper Lee’s letters." Voprosy literatury, no. 4 (August 19, 2021): 194–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2021-4-194-214.
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The article is devoted to the epistolary legacy of Nelle Harper Lee, the author of the American cult classic To Kill a Mockingbird (1960). The researcher examines a collection of Nelle’s letters written from 1956 to 2009, provides a detailed list of sources and makes suggestions about the potential new discoveries that could shed light on the life of ‘America’s most reclusive author.’ This short study of ‘posthumous baggage,’ as Lee referred to her private correspondence, offers an insight into the interests of the author, who insisted on keeping her personal life to herself. The letters included in the study concern the writer’s relationship to her father Amasa Coleman Lee, on whom she based the character of Atticus Finch, her attitude to her own biography published by Charles Shields, and personal anxieties of her final years. The author also details Lee’s opinions of literature, from the 19th-c. classics to contemporary authors, and shows how much she valued communication with her numerous fans.
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Fitzgerald, Ross. "Hartley Grattan and Australia-U.S. Connections." Queensland Review 2, no. 2 (1995): 81–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600000908.
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Fifteen years ago, on Christmas Day 1980, I wrote a list of four people whose biography, if I had the time and ability, I would like to write. They were as follows: Queensland premier and federal treasurer, E.G. (‘Red Ted’) Theodore; Australia's only Communist member of Parliament, Fred Paterson; New Zealand born Communist and author of the superb social realist novel Sugar Heaven, Jean Devanny; and that remarkable American observer of Australia, Clinton Hartley Grattan.
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Doktorov, Boris Z. "[Rev.] On book publication: Popov N.P. Rossiya — Amerika: “Pryamaya svyaz”. Vospominaniya Amerikanista i Sovetologa. [Russia — America: “Direct Connection”: Memoirs of an Americanist and Sovietologist.] Moscow: KnigIzdat publ., 2020." Sociological Journal 26, no. 3 (2020): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2020.26.3.7403.
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The book is constructed in the form of an interview of the famous Soviet/Russian sociologist and americanist doctor of sciences N.P. Popov with doctor of sciences B.Z. Doktorov, who developed the genre of scientific memoirs and conducted over a hundred interviews with Russian and American sociologists. The paper covers three main topics. Like any biography, this is a personal story of the author — his youth in the post-war years, the path to the profession of a journalist and sociologist, the worldview of the “sixties”. Journalism leads the author, as well as many American pollsters, to the study of public opinion, at first American, continued at the Institute of US and Canadian Studies. He like no other is closely acquainted with the work of leading American pollsters: George Gallup, Louis Harris, Warren Mitofsky, Mervin Field and other gurus. The study of American polling technology and public opinion on socio-political problems and electoral orientations of the population were used by the author in further work at Soviet and Russian centers for the study of public opinion, first of all – at the All-Union center for the study of public opinion (VTSIOM), created in 1988, where he was offered a job by Tatyana Zaslavskaya and Boris Grushin. They also recommended him later as head of the sociological department of the presidential administration right before the 1996 election. The book includes a number of articles by the author on Russian and American public opinion in different years.
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Hamilton, Charles V., and Fredrick C. Harris. "A Conversation with Charles V. Hamilton." Annual Review of Political Science 21, no. 1 (2018): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-090117-120451.
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Charles V. Hamilton is the Wallace Sayre Professor Emeritus of Political Science and Government at Columbia University. He is the author of several important books on the study of race and politics, focusing primarily on the African-American experience. He is the coauthor of Black Power: A Politics of Liberation with the late Stokely Carmichael (Kwame Ture), as well as The Black Preacher in America; Bench and the Ballot: Southern Federal Judges and Black Voters; Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.: The Political Biography of an American Dilemma; and coauthor with Dona Cooper Hamilton of The Dual Agenda: Race and the Social Welfare Policies of Civil Rights Organizations. He was interviewed by Fredrick C. Harris, Dean of Social Science and Professor of Political Science at Columbia University, on July 13, 2017, at the University of Chicago. This is an edited transcript; a video of the entire interview can be viewed below or at http://www.annualreviews.org/r/charlesvhamilton .
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Saal, Ilka. "‘Let's Hurt Someone’: Violence and Cultural Memory in the Plays of Neil LaBute." New Theatre Quarterly 24, no. 4 (2008): 322–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x0800047x.
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In this essay Ilka Saal examines one of the most perplexing aspects of Neil LaBute's work: his deployment of excessive and gratuitous violence. She insists that such deployment of violence has little to do with a humanist critique of the propensity for evil in all of us, nor with the playwright's biography (as suggested by a number of critics), but instead functions as a satirical interrogation of the mythological significance attributed to violence in American culture. The casual cruelties of LaBute's ordinary mid-Americans point up the central and ‘ordinary’ role that violence has played in the nation's history and self-understanding. Focusing on the example of the one-act play a gaggle of saints and drawing on the theories of Jan Assmann and Richard Slotkin, she shows in what ways LaBute uses violence to interrogate the country's cultural memory and to alert us to the general lethargy that has settled over the nation with regard to the historical violence it systematically exerted against its Others. Ilka Saal received her PhD in Literature from Duke University, North Carolina and is now working as Associate Professor of English at the University of Richmond, Virginia, where she teaches modern and contemporary American literature and culture. She is the author of New Deal Theater: the Vernacular Tradition in American Political Theater (Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), Dramatizing the Disease: Representations of AIDS on the US American Stage (Tectum, 1997), and co author of Passionate Politics: the Cultural Work of American Melodrama from the Early Republic to the Present (Cambridge Scholars Press, 2008).
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Cardany, Audrey Berger. "Muddy Waters: His Life and Music." General Music Today 31, no. 3 (2018): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1048371318756626.
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The author reviews Mahin and Turk’s children’s book Muddy: The Story of Blues Legend Muddy Waters. This biography of McKinley Morganfield describes his challenges and successes in music and life. Illustrations reflect African American culture using color palettes to highlight the places Waters lived and the music connected to those places including the Mississippi Delta blues and the electric Chicago blues style. The musical writing of Mahin expresses Muddy’s story in a lyrical fashion, borrowing elements from the jazz idiom. The author includes a selected discography and suggestions for additional instruction in the music of Muddy’s life using the artistic processes of listening, responding, and performing appropriate for upper elementary and middle school students in general music.
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Ruthchild, Rochelle G. "Rochelle Ruthchild. Natalya Pushkareva – Creator of the Russian School of Gender Studies in History and Ethnology." Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology) 47, no. 3 (2019): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2019-47-3/5-9.
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In a brief report by a well-known American historian is analysed the contribution of her Russian colleague Natalya Pushkareva to the creation of a new scientific direction - gender studies in ethnology and in the study of the past. The author substantiates the special role of an individual in the institutionalization of women's and gender studies in Russian historiography, reflects on stages of the scientific biography of Natalya Pushkareva, foundation of a scientific school and her followers, united by common interests and intellectual identity.
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Ue, Tom. "From Whitman to Hugo: An interview with Brian Selznick." Book 2.0 10, no. 2 (2020): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/btwo_00028_7.
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‘Walt Whitman loved words’. So begins Barbara Kerley’s and Brian Selznick’s Walt Whitman: Words for America (2004), a biography of the American poet for young readers that has been recognized as a Robert F. Sibert Honor Book. Kerley and Selznick trace the poet from his beginnings as a printer’s apprentice to his volunteer work as a nurse during the American Civil War; and from the young Walt poring over the pages of Arabian Nights and Ivanhoe to his own creative output being interpreted as the voice of his nation. Like all of Selznick’s books, Walt Whitman is illustrated with precise, evocative drawings for all ages. The New York Times bestselling author and illustrator returns to the poet with his latest, Live Oak, with Moss (2019). Among Selznick’s many other popular books for children are The Invention of Hugo Cabret (2007) and Wonderstruck (2011) (covers available at https://www.thebrianselznick.com/books.htm). These two works have now been adapted into award-winning films by Martin Scorsese (2011) and Todd Haynes (2017), respectively.
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Eckstein, Arthur M. "Clandestine Agent: The Real Agnes Smedley." Journal of Cold War Studies 9, no. 4 (2007): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws.2007.9.4.106.
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This essay reviews a new biography of Agnes Smedley, a radical American writer and journalist who secretly worked for the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communist Party on various endeavors, including espionage. When Smedley was accused in the late 1940s of having been a Soviet spy, she staunchly denied the allegations and depicted herself as an innocent victim of a McCarthyite smear. Ruth Price, the author of the new biography, initially expected to find that Smedley had indeed been unjustly accused of spying for the Soviet Union. But as Price sifted through newly available materials from Russia and China, she made the disconcerting discovery that Smedley had in fact eagerly served as an agent of influence and spy for the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communists. This case illustrates some of the complexities that arise when assessing why certain Western intellectuals and government officials decided to become spies for the Soviet Union.
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Gibson, Alan. "Taking the Measure of Madison." Review of Politics 75, no. 3 (2013): 433–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003467051300034x.
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Jeff Broadwater, a Barton college history professor and the author of one of the three biographies reviewed in this essay, recently began a public lecture on James Madison's presidency with the following story. A decade ago, Garry Wills, Broadwater notes, wrote the biography of Madison for an American presidency series, edited by the late Arthur Schlesinger Jr. and published by Times Books. The Madison volume in this series contains only two illustrations: a portrait of Madison on the dust jacket and another adjacent to the title page. The portrait pictured next to the title page in the initial run of this book is of, well, James Monroe.
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Kapoor, Ankita, Mehul P. Patel, Arjun Khunger, et al. "Factors Predictive of Oral Abstract Being Published: Is Gender Disparity Playing a Role?" Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-142405.
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Introduction: It remains unclear what percentage of abstracts proceed to manuscript publication and the characteristics that predict successful publication. This study aimed to determine factors associated with successful peer-reviewed publications following oral presentation at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting. Methods: All oral abstract presentations (n=621) in the hematological malignancy category from 2016 ASH annual meeting were included in the study. Abstract publication was confirmed by searching for the publicly listed abstract on PubMed by title, first, and last author names, and institutional matching. We recorded time to online publication, US versus foreign journal publication, and journal impact factor by 3.5 years from 2016 ASH annual meeting. Abstracts characteristics that were analyzed also included number of authors, gender of first author, gender of last author, and single vs multi-institution studies. Gender of the first and last author was confirmed by looking at their biography details on their institutional website. Descriptive analysis was performed and an association between presenter's or last author's gender and publication matrix was analyzed using Chi-square tests. Results: Of the 621 abstracts, 350 (56%) were published in full text by three and a half years since the 2016 ASH annual meeting. The abstracts' average time to journal publication was 17.46 months (SD +/- 11.32) (Table 1). Of the published articles, 64% (223/350) were published in U.S. journals; mean impact factor for all publications was 14.46 (SD+/- 11.47).The median number of authors for published and unpublished abstracts were similar. Females presented 37% (228/621) of the abstracts and 35% (123/350) of the journal publications had female first author and 22% (77/350) had female last author. A total of 53.9% (123/228) abstracts presented by a female author were published versus 57.7% (227/393) abstracts presented by a male author (p=<0.001). Males were more often involved in multi-institutional trials (p=0.045) and were more likely to have senior authorship (p=0.005). There was no correlation between the gender of the first author to journal impact factor (p=0.109) or time to publication (p=0.091). Conclusion: More than half of the oral abstracts were successfully published regardless of gender and number of authors. The rate of successful publication is higher for male authors even though there was no correlation between the gender of the first author to journal impact factor or time to publication. Our study highlights gender disparity in senior authorship, however this difference is not as wide in first authorship. Disclosures Jamshed: Takeda, Amgen and Celgene: Honoraria.
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Moy, Olivia Loksing. "From Hampstead to Buenos Aires and Beyond: Anticipating Worlds in Julio Cortázar’s Imagen de John Keats." Comparative Literature 72, no. 4 (2020): 439–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00104124-8537764.
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Abstract In the 1950s, the Argentinian author Julio Cortázar (1914–84) composed Imagen de John Keats, a little-known work that merges his own life with that of the British Romantics. Part biography and part autobiography, it includes personal essays and literary criticism that weave through the poems, life, and letters of Keats from his early youth to death. This article positions Imagen de John Keats as an important case study in world literature criticism. It demonstrates how Cortázar was not only a Latin American Boom writer who enjoyed international fame but also an idiosyncratic practitioner of reading and writing methods that transcend nation and period. Modeling innovative techniques that the author calls “automatic translation” and “global close reading,” Cortázar anticipates some of the problems recently voiced in critical debates surrounding world literature. Imagen de John Keats is simultaneously an example of world literature that blends fiction and nonfiction, and a model for world literature criticism.
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Rasiah, Rasiah, Ansor Putra, Fina Amalia Masri, Arman Arman, and Suci Rahmi Pardilla. "JUST LIKE BLACK, ONLY BETTER: POOR WHITE IN ANTEBELLUM SOUTH OF AMERICA DEPICTED IN SOLOMON NORTHUP’S NOVEL TWELVE YEARS AS A SLAVE." Diksi 29, no. 1 (2021): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v29i1.33081.
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(Title: Just Like Black, Only Better: Poor White in Antebellum South of America Depicted in Solomon Northup’s Novel “Twelve Years as A Slave”). Antebellum era, the period before the Civil War occured, or before the year 1861, in the United States is used to relate to the enslavement of black American. In fact, the era was not merely about black, but also poor white. This study is purposed to describe the poor whites’ life in antebellum America as reflected in Twelve Years As A Slave (1855), a narrative biography novel written by Solomon Northup. Set up the story in New York, Washingotn DC, and New Orleans, the author (and focalizer at once) told the story based on his own experience as a black who was captivated and sold into slavery for twelve years. Although the novel centered its story on black character, it also reflected the life of poor whites who were also being “enslaved” by their white counterparts. Through sociology of literature perspective, this study reveals that the character of poor white that represented through John M. Tibeats, Armsby, and James H. Burch came from Great Britain especially from Ireland. Mostly, they moved to America as incarcerated people. They lived under the poverty and some of them were the vagrants and petty criminals. Poor white during antebellum era in America was positioned in the lower social level. They were “enslaved” by their white master but more better compared to the black slaves. It can be noticed that poor white were positioned in low social level because of the socio-economic problem, while blacks were race and racism. Keywords: antebellum America, poor white, slavery, social class, American literature
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Shumakov, A. A. "THE LIFE OF MARTIN ROBINSON DELANY'S AND EVOLUTION HIS IDEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL VIEWS." Vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 01, no. 05 (2021): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-01-141-153.
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This article examines the evolution of the ideological and political views of Martin Robinson Delany, who is credited with the first conceptual justification of the doctrine of "black nationalism" in the United States. The author analyzes the main milestones of the biography of this figure, his rich literary heritage, focusing on the consideration of the internal dialectics of Delany's political philosophy, the variability and inconsistency of his views at various stages of life. Special attention is paid to Delany's attitude to the ideology of pan-Africanism and black nationalism, as well as his controversy with Frederick Douglass. The uniqueness of the study lies in the fact that it is the first attempt in Russian academic science to present the biography and analysis of the ideological and theoretical heritage of an outstanding African-American public figure, an assessment of his contribution to the struggle for the rights of the black population in the United States. The source base is the work of Delany himself and his biographies, none of which has been translated into Russian. A number of sources are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The historical-genetic and historical-typological methods are used as specific historical methods in this work.
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Knox, Katelyn. "The 7th Lawrence R. Schehr Memorial Award Winning Essay." Contemporary French Civilization: Volume 46, Issue 1 46, no. 1 (2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/cfc.2021.1.
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Popular music abounds in Afropean literature, yet to date scholars have primarily read novels’ musical elements through author biography. In this article, I focus narrowly on the rich musical peritexts and musico-literary intermediality of two novels by Insa Sané: Du plomb dans le crâne (2008) and Daddy est mort…: Retour à Sarcelles (2010). In addition to the abundant diegetic musical references, both novels also feature two structural musical layers. I argue that these three musical elements constitute critical sites through which the novels’ narratives, which center around young, black, male protagonists who seek to escape vicious circles of violence through recognition, emerge. Ultimately, these novels’ musical elements situate the narratives’ discussions of black masculinity within much broader conversations transpiring between French and African American communities, thereby providing a much larger cultural genealogy to supplement the characters’ fraught literal ones.
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Perevalova, S. V. "Review of Vinogradova, L. (2015). Defending the Motherland. Women fighter pilots of the Great Patriotic War. Moscow: Kolibri, Azbuka-Attikus. 448 pages." Voprosy literatury, no. 6 (February 7, 2019): 390–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2018-6-390-395.
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The review considers the opinions of L. Vinogradova, who wrote a book about Soviet women pilots during World War II, based on the recently discovered documentary evidence and witness reports, as well as taking into account the relevant experience of her predecessors. At the centre of the book is a life story of the war hero L. Litvyak, who shared a similar lot with her sisters in arms. Following the descriptions in war correspondent V. Grossman’s Stalingrad Notebooks [Stalingradskie tetradi], the author details aerial battles in the skies above Stalingrad. In her reconstruction of the ferocious engagements, Vinogradova also covers the boisterous propaganda of pre-war years and questionable episodes in Russian war history. The book seeks to disprove the American historian B. Yenne, who, in his biography called The White Rose of Stalingrad, showed L. Litvyak as yesterday’s schoolgirl, killed when not yet 22.
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Pop, Andreea. "Textual Anastomosis: About the Vanishing Body and the Resurrection of a Character. A Transversal Reading of Black Water (1992) and Mudwoman (2012) by Joyce Carol Oates." Human and Social Studies 5, no. 3 (2016): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hssr-2016-0024.
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Abstract In 1992, the much acclaimed prolific American writer Joyce Carol Oates publishes Black Water – a very harsh and condensed literary reenactment of a gruesome event having taken place more than twenty years before and known as the “Chappaquiddick incident”. Another twenty years later, through her 2012 novel Mudwoman, the author seems to revisit the topic that had haunted her for decades. This paper aims at establishing a certain narrative pattern connecting the two novels not only thematically, but also phantasmatically: the sudden “resurrection” of Joyce Carol Oates’s character in the 2012 novel is, as we see it, far from being “incidental”. By “textual anastomosis”, we understand a subjective association of narratives in order to show how the disembodied consciousness “travels” from one character’s fictional body to another’s, triggering a whole bunch of personal memories which also resurrect in this other character’s fictional biography.
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Baibakova, Larisa Vilorovna. "Peculiarities of perception by former slaves of their social status in the era of slavery (based on the collection of their memoirs in the Library of US Congress)." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 4 (April 2020): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2020.4.33626.
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Slavery has always been condemned across the world; however in the end of the XX century, such canonical concept was rectified based on the extensive examination by American scholars of compilation of narratives of the former slaves collected in 1930s in the United States. At that time, 2,300 former slaves from 17 states were interviewed about their life in the era of slavery. Later, these interviews were placed in open access on the website of the Library of US Congress, reconstructing a contradictory picture of everyday life of African-Americans in the conditions of plantation economy: some reminiscences convey almost a nostalgic feeling of the past, while others criticizes it severely. The author in his attempt explain the historical accuracy of the results of mass interviewing of African-Americans, tries to make sense why 70 years later, the eyewitnesses of the same event have polar viewpoints. Forming the new comparative-historical approaches towards examination of collective consciousness under the influence of anthropologization of historical knowledge, the interview materials allow reconstructing the period, demonstrating the value system of the entire population group, unlike biography that structures the chain of events in chronological order. Analysis of the archive “Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1938” has not been previously conducted within the Russian historiography, just briefly mentioned as one of the documentary aspects of the institution of slavery. The contained material is important for scientific comprehension of the bygone era of slavery, reflected in the collective memory of long-suffering African-American sub-ethnos. The problem of slavery in the United States, which synthesizes heritage of the past with practices of everyday life in various manifestations, seems optimal from the perspective of historiographical interest.
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Choy, Catherine Ceniza. "Nurses Across Borders: Foregrounding International Migration in Nursing History." Nursing History Review 18, no. 1 (2010): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1062-8061.18.12.
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Although the international migration of nurses has played a formative role in increasing the racial and ethnic diversity of the health care labor force, nursing historians have paid very little attention to the theme of international migration and the experiences of foreign-trained nurses. A focus on international migration complements two new approaches in nursing history: the agenda to internationalize its frameworks, and the call to move away from “great women, great events” and toward the experiences of “ordinary” nurses. This article undertakes a close reading of the life and work of Filipino American nurse Ines Cayaban to reconceptualize nursing biography in an international framework that is attentive to issues of migration, race, gender, and colonialism. It was a Hannah keynote lecture delivered by the author on June 5, 2008, as part of the CAHN/ACHN (Canadian Association for the History of Nursing/Association Canadienne pour l’Histoire du Nursing) International Nursing History Conference.
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Martín Párraga, Javier. "Kurt Vonnegut’s Quest for Identity." Futhark. Revista de Investigación y Cultura, no. 8 (2013): 183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/futhark.2013.i08.10.
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he present paper analyzes Kurt Vonnegut’s complex national roots, since he was an American citizen with a clearly German background who was deprived of any German education during his childhood and, consequently, had to discover the country of his ancestors when he was fighting the Nazis during World War II. Thus, his roots become an everlasting source of influence for Vonnegut. Obviously, and taking into account his rejection of Barthes’ concept of “the death of the author”, Vonnegut’s quest for roots will become a recurring element from his first literary adventures to the last published more mature novels.The main focus of the paper will be centered on how, even without a rich German education, Germany will play a fundamental role throughout the novelist’s whole corpus. In order to achieve this goal, I have examined both Vonnegut’s biography as well as his literary corpus (including fictional and non-fictional Works), together with the many interviews he gave during his long and complex literary career.
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Klein, Lucas. "What Does Tang Poetry Mean to Contemporary Chinese Writers?" Prism 18, no. 1 (2021): 138–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/25783491-8922225.
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Abstract Examining how contemporary poets raised in China are looking at classical Chinese poetry from the Tang—in particular, the poetry and the figure of Li Bai 李白 (701–762)—this article questions the epistemological divide, common to scholarship, between premodern and modern Chinese poetry. The texts come from Shenqing shi 深情史 (Histories of Affection) by Liu Liduo 劉麗朵 (1979–); The Banished Immortal, Chinese-American poet and novelist Ha Jin's 哈金 (1956–) biography of Li Bai; the book-length poem-sequence Tang 唐, by Yi Sha 伊沙 (1966–); and poet Xi Chuan's 西川 (1963–) scholarly book Tang shi de dufa 唐詩的讀法 (Reading Tang Poetry). The author contends not only that these writers' dealings with Tang poetry make it part of a still-living tradition but also that such engagement offers a way to understand the dynamic, rather than static, canonicity of Tang poetry.
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Staples, Jeanine M. "The revelation(s) of Asher Levi: An iconographic literacy event as a tool for the exploration of fragmented selves in new literacies studies after 9/11." Qualitative Studies 2, no. 2 (2011): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/qs.v2i2.5511.
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This article considers the dynamics of an iconographic literacy event that functions as a tool for explorations of literacy practices and fragmented selves, particularly in relationship to the literate lives of marginalized individuals in the post 9/11 era. The author examines what happened when a group of 10 African American women in an urban area employed new literacies in the teaching/learning spaces of their personal lives (i.e. individual homes, familiar eateries, communicative digital technologies) to explore and respond to stories in post 9/11 popular culture narratives. The study employed ethnographic methods (interviews, journaling, email and instant message writing and critical observations) with members of the inquiry over the course of two years. The author investigated critically the meeting of biography, fiction and autoethnography as a literacy event used to couch the literacies and fragmented selves of these women in the post 9/11 era. Findings regarding the nature of their post 9/11 literacies, as expressed through fragmented selves, are shared, along with implications for new literacies research and teaching. Findings show that the women’s post 9/11 literacies include a range and variation of critical sensibilities that include, but are not limited to, multiple levels of sociolinguistic integration, sociocultural criticality and heightened awarenesses.
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KOMARYTSIA, Anna. "ARTISTIC TRANSCRIPTION OF THE EDGAR ALLAN POE'S IMAGERY IN ANTUN GUSTAV MATOŠ'S AND MYKHAILO YATSKIV'S PROSE." Problems of slavonic studies, no. 68 (2019): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sls.2019.68.3079.
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Background: On the one hand, the literary works of A.G. Matoš were studied by Croatian scholars in the context of the philosophy and poetics of modernism. The authors of fundamental studies about A.G. Matoš are Dubravko Jelčić, Dubravka Oraić Tolić, Mladen Dorkin, Zlatko Posavac, Miljenko Majetić and Nada Iveljić. On the other hand, Ukrainian researchers Mykola Ilnytskyi, Solomiya Pavlychko, Oksana Melnyk, and Polish researcher Agnieszka Matusiak analyzed and studied M. Yatskiv's creative style in the context of the aesthetic canons of the modernism. The novelty of this article is in addressing the influence of E. Poe on the literary texts of the Ukrainian and Croatian modernists using the comparative approach. Purpose: This is the first attempt to analyze the influence of E. Poe on A. G. Matoš and M. Yatskiv. This article treats the actual and yet not studied question of a multilayer impact (composition, imagery set) of the American writer on the Croatian and Ukrainian modernist writers. Results: Romanticism writer Edgar Poe undoubtedly influenced Mykhailo Yatskiv and Antun Gustav Matoš, especially with his essay “The Philosophy of Composition”. In this essay the author demonstrates the principle of constructing the plot with the logic and the hidden mechanisms of imagery construction. But in the biography of the American writer we can find facts that poems such as “Nevermore”, “Ligeia” and others weren`t the result of logic, but they were yearning for his wife who passed away being very young. The author of this study found a numerous allusions on the essay “The Philosophy of Composition” by E. Poe, his images of a horror crow and a cat, as well as the images of dead beloved beautyis in many literary works of A.G. Matoš and M. Yatskiv. Croatian and Ukrainian symbolists also used E. Poe`s technique of the total effect. Mystery element is generalized in the literary texts of three authors in the images of the sphinx, which has several meanings. The most common meaning is the abstract definition of something mysterious that needs to be answered. Similarities between Matoš's and Yatskiv's imagery with American writer E. Poe prove, that Ukrainian and Croatian writers were inspired by the world art achievements, creatively transforming ideas that were contemporary both to the romanticism and modernism. Key words: Edgar Allan Poe, Antun Gustav Matoš, Mykhailo Yatskiv, modernism, romanticism, “The Philosophy of Composition”, art scenography.
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Trott, Sarah. "‘Remembrance, alas, is a tricky business’: Memory and biography in the established account of Raymond Chandler’s experience of the First World War." European Journal of American Culture 40, no. 1 (2021): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ejac_00037_1.
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This article re-examines the First World War experience of renowned American crime fiction author Raymond Chandler in order to demonstrate that the established biographical account masks an experience more traumatic than previously acknowledged. Like Carlos Baker’s version of Ernest Hemingway’s wartime experience, Frank MacShane’s original biographical account relies heavily on small sections of Chandler’s own correspondence that are taken out of context. Later biographies have reproduced this vague and ambiguous account without much further investigation, which has permitted various theories about Chandler’s work to develop, most notably that his protagonist, the detective Philip Marlowe, is a knight errant. This article utilizes primary documents, including Chandler’s military file and the War Diaries of his battalion, to highlight discrepancies in existing biographical narratives, and unveils an account that is significantly different from that of his biographers. By understanding the true traumatic nature of Chandler’s experiences on the French front line, we are presented with a fresh and original perspective through which to reconsider his work and an understanding of how Chandler’s war experience helped establish the traditional archetype of detective fiction.
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Myk, Małgorzata. "Life Fictions: Radicalization of Life-Writing in Leslie Scalapino’s Zither & Autobiography and Dahlia’s Iris: Secret Autobiography & Fiction." Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 50, no. 2-3 (2015): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stap-2015-0028.
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Abstract The paper discusses radicalized aesthetics and politics of structure and form in the experimental autobiographical writing of American avant-garde author Leslie Scalapino. Associated with the innovative protocols of the “Language School” poetry movement, Scalapino’s oeuvre emerges as simultaneously a poststructuralist and phenomenologically oriented poetics in which writing performs a thoroughgoing scrutiny of how one’s implication in linguistic and cultural matrices determines one’s being in the world. Scalapino’s Autobiography, framed by Paul de Man’s remarks on autobiographical writing as always controlled by the external expectations of self-fashioning, sets out to examine and deconstruct the autobiographical project as in itself constructive of one’s life. In Zither the poet complicates her take on life-writing by interrogating and reconceptualizing hidden mechanisms of the genre and confronting it with its own fictional status, while in Dahlia’s iris Scalapino juxtaposes detective fiction with a Tibetan form of written “secret autobiography”, based on a radical departure from the chronology of one’s biography toward a phenomenological horizon of what she refers to as “one’s life seeing”, a practice of attempting to see one’s mind’s constructions as they are formed by the outside as well as by one’s internalization of the outside.
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Pomelov, Vladimir B. "The William Heard Kilpatrick’s Project Method: on the 150th anniversary of the American educator." Perspectives of Science and Education 52, no. 4 (2021): 436–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2021.4.29.
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Introduction. The project method has been actively used as an important form of organizing the practice of teaching in the educational systems of many countries around the world over the past hundred years. This method is increasingly being used in our country. The very concept of "project method" is invariably associated with the name of its author and popularizer, a major American educator of the late XIX – first half of the XXth centuries. William Heard Kilpatrick (1871-1965). The purpose of the issue is to study the circumstances of the process of formation of W. H. Kilpatrick as a didactic scientist and the creation of a method of projects by him and his associates. Materials and methods. The leading research methods are the analysis of scientific historical and pedagogical literature and other sources, biographical and historical methods, as well as an axiological approach aimed at identifying the value content of the studied scientific subject. Results. The author traces the evolution of W. H. Kilpatrick's views, the stages of his formation as a didactic scientist and a practical teacher. Little-known facts of his biography, which were not previously reflected in the Russian historical and pedagogical literature, are given. Special attention is paid to the disclosure of the essence of the proposed method of projects, which is widely used in pedagogy and education in many countries of the world. The educational system of W. H. Kilpatrick's "experimentalism" was based on the philosophy of pragmatism and the psychology of behaviorism. Instead of a traditional school, he proposed to build a so-called "educational process", which he considered as the organization of children's activities in a social environment focused on enriching their individual experience. Training according to the project method was to be carried out through the organization of target acts, which included the formulation of the problem, the preparation of a plan for its implementation and the assessment of implementation. The use of these projects, according to W. H. Kilpatrick, wouldn’t only prepare the child for life after school, but also help him organize his life in the present. Data on the teacher E. Collings, who also worked on the problem of developing the project method, is included. The project classifications are given according to E. Collings and W. H. Kilpatrick. The author shows the scientific relations of W. H. Kilpatrick with a number of well-known teachers-contemporaries (J. Dewey, E. L. Thorndike, E. Collings, F. W. Parker, C. DeGarmo, etc.). Conclusion. The scientific novelty of the study consists in a meaningful analysis of the views of W. H. Kilpatrick. The legitimacy of the very concept of the project method has long been beyond doubt among serious researchers and practitioners of education. At present, the project method has actually received a rebirth in various spheres of social and industrial life. The main conclusion of the article: the didactic legacy of this major American teacher is significant. It contains a value potential, requires further full-fledged study and deserves active use in modern domestic education.
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Shumakov, Andrey A. "FROM AN OUTCAST TO THE PROPHET: THE EVOLUTION OF MALCOLM X’S RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 7, no. 2 (2021): 192–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2021-7-2-193-209.
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The figure of the radical African-American preacher Malcolm X has always occupied and continues to occupy a special place in the history of the protest movement of the 1960s. This is due to a number of reasons, the main of which was the pronounced ambivalence and inconsistency of the political philosophy of this public figure, who was noted for both ultra-radical religious sermons and rather progressive revolutionary and national liberation ideas at the final stage of his life. The latter, in fact, made him one of the main characters of the “rebellious decade”. While the far-right radicalism of the Harlem preacher faded into the background and began to be perceived as some “mistakes and misconceptions” that were later rethought and overcome. The question of assessing the legacy and personality of Malcolm X has always caused a lot of controversy. On the one hand, his contribution to the development of the movement of the struggle of the Black population for their rights and the formation of the African-American mentality is undeniable; on the other — it can be said that in the academic environment for all this time they practically were not subjected to critical reflection. If, during his lifetime, the ideas of the Harlem preacher were perceived by the vast majority of Americans as frankly marginal, then after his tragic death in 1965, Malcolm X became one of the most popular and iconic figures in recent US history. Any criticism of him began to be perceived extremely painfully. In this article, the author tried to trace the process of formation and evolution of the ideological and political views of Malcolm X, which was the main goal of the study. The main difference from other works on this topic was that in this article, this phenomenon is considered in dynamics, the causes of transformations and the influence of related factors are noted. At the same time, the author tried to identify certain “variables and constants” of the religious and political philosophy of Malcolm X, not only fixing them, but assessing the degree and depth of changes. That led to rather unexpected conclusions on a number of issues, the main of which was the explanation of the reasons for the incredible popularity of Malcolm X in modern American society. The main method of research is materialistic dialectics, which allows considering the political philosophy of Malcolm X in dynamics in accordance with the principle of historicism. Special attention is paid to the issues of radicalism, the transformation of ideological and political views and attitudes to religion, the debunking of myths, stereotypical and hyperbolized ideas about this figure, and the key milestones of his biography. As for the specific historical methods, the historical-genetic and historical-typological approaches are used in this work.
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Kosheliev, Artem. "Socio-economic conditions of “Biographical culture`s” formation in the USA during XX-XXI centuries." American History & Politics Scientific edition, no. 6 (2018): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2018.06.07-20.
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The article discusses the social and economic prerequisites for the formation of a “biographical culture” in the United States during the XX – beginning XXI centuries. Under the term “biographical culture”, the author understands the process of creating biographical narratives. Also, this term includes social-economic conditions in which biographical narratives influence the creation of the image of a certain personality in the collective consciousness. Using the comparative method, the study analyzes the socio-economic systems of the two states, within which were formed various “biographical cultures”. The article defines three criteria for the development of the state and society, which directly affect the creation of this culture. The first criterion is the presence or absence of a free market in the state. The second criterion is the existence of censorship in the state. The third criterion is the degree of development of the infrastructure for the distribution of biographical works and the level of its state`s dependence. The analysis based on the thesis that active and passive societies exist in different countries. Their development depends on the political, economic and ideological conditions. Based on the study, the author concluded that US society is classified as active. This means that it can produce and distribute biographical works independently without pressure from the state. Accordingly, the images of personalities created in biographical works in the USA reflect the preferences and value orientations of American society. Social values, which are reflected in the way of creating the image of a biography`s hero, develop and transform organically, but not under the pressure of a state machine.
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Pangle, Thomas. "The Philosophical Roots of the Bill of Rights: The Federalists' and Anti-Federalists' Conceptions of Rights." Political Science Teacher 3, no. 2 (1990): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896082800000982.
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The overall aim of the seminar on “The Philosophical Roots of the Bill of Rights” was to gain a better understanding of the basic presuppositions and implications of our Constitutional commitments as expressed in the Bill of Rights, especially as viewed from the perspective of the original debates and compromises that led finally to the enactment of the Bill of Rights. That original perspective was, of course, riven by considerable controversy, above all between the Federalists who supported, and the Anti-Federalists who opposed, the ratification of the original Constitution. The latter were the primary instigators of the movement for a Bill of Rights amending the proposed Constitution, but at the end of the day it was the Federalist outlook, articulated above all by Congressman James Madison, that most fully determined the actual character of the rights that were given Constitutional recognition. Still, this very fact, that an eventual compromise was reached which was at least as satisfying to most leading Federalists as it was to the leading Anti-Federalists who had originally insisted on the amendments—points to the very large measure of agreement on fundamental principles that underlay the debates between Federalists and Anti-Federalists.This agreement on basic moral and political principles becomes most apparent when one contrasts the republicanism of the Americans, the republicanism rooted in a commitment to individual rights, with earlier and alternative forms of republican political theory. This contrast was the theme of the first seminar. I asked the participants to read Plutarch's life of Lycurgus, not only because Plutarch is an author, and this particular short biography is a text, well-known to the American Founders, but even more because the life of Lycurgus contains a vivid and concrete statement of the classical republican ideal that brings out some of the most alien features of that ideal.
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Kolozova et al., Katerina. "Q&A Session Following the Lecture: Marxism without Philosophy and Its Feminist Implications: The Problem of Subjectivity Centered Socialist Projects." Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture 17, no. 2-3 (2020): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.51151/identities.v17i2-3.470.
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Author(s): Katerina Kolozova et al.
 Title (English): Q&A session following the lecture: Marxism without Philosophy and Its Feminist Implications: The Problem of Subjectivity Centered Socialist Projects
 Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020)
 Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje
 Page Range: 48-50
 Page Count: 3
 Citation (English): Katerina Kolozova et al., “Q&A session following the lecture: Marxism without Philosophy and Its Feminist Implications: The Problem of Subjectivity Centered Socialist Projects,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 48-50.
 Author Biography
 Katerina Kolozova, Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje
 Dr. Katerina Kolozova is senior researcher and full professor at the Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities, Skopje. At the Institute, she teaches policy studies, political philosophy and gender studies. She is also a professor of philosophy of law at the doctoral school of the University American College, Skopje. At the Faculty of Media and Communication, Belgrade, she teaches contemporary political philosophy. She was a visiting scholar at the Department of Rhetoric at the University of California, Berkley in 2009, under the peer supervision of Prof. Judith Butler. She is a member of the Board of Directors of the New Centre for Research and Practice – Seattle, WA. Kolozova is the first co-director and founder of the Regional Network for Gender and Women’s Studies in Southeast Europe (2004). Her most recent monograph is Capitalism’s Holocaust of Animals: A Non-Marxist Critique of Capital, Philosophy and Patriarchy published by Bloomsbury Academic, UK in 2019, whereas Cut of the Real: Subjectivity in Poststructuralist Philosophy, published by Columbia University Press, NY in 2014, remains her most cited book.
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Kalynych, Kateryna. "The figure “teacher-writer” by J. Williams: novel “Stoner”." Pitannâ lìteraturoznavstva, no. 102 (December 28, 2020): 112–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/pytlit2020.102.112.
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The realization of the paradigm “teacher-writer” in the interpretation of American professor and writer John Williams has been researched. The comparison of the author’s biography with the image of the protagonist of the novel – Stoner – revealed that the latter is the prototype of the writer. Along with the evolution development of the main character William Stoner, we have followed the improvement of his teaching methods which was reflected on the pages of the novel. The reader’s attention is logically focused on the main issues, such as the war theme and the mission of the university. It was shown how political events (World Wars I and II) consistently influenced the functioning of the educational institution having direct impact on the behavior of the studenthood. The author puts forward his own concept of the real nature of an academic institution thus defining three university models. The first model – “the Stoner model” – renders a closed institution which cluster the chosen ones in order to implement ideal concepts of scientific activity; the second – “the Finch model” – demonstrates an open institution which realizes its educational and spiritual activities for an appropriate reward; the third model, knows as “Masters model”, sees a university as a shelter for incompetent people and elderly unfulfilled personalities. The conclusions lies in the notion of “perfect education” witch should be specific for any given epoch. For instance, according to J. William’s novel, new realia demand of university to renew its concepts and priorities, the lack of which, in its turn, reasons the logic of the conflict between the past and the present, and this is what the character of William Stoner systematically faces, apparently reflecting the experience of the author himself.
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Lehner, Kurt R., and Michael Schulder. "American views of Sir Victor Horsley in the era of Cushing." Journal of Neurosurgery 130, no. 2 (2019): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.8.jns171438.
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Sir Victor Horsley was a pioneering British neurosurgeon known for his numerous neurosurgical, scientific, and sociopolitical contributions. Although word of these surgical and scientific achievements quickly spread throughout Europe and North America in the late 19th century, much of modern neurosurgery’s view of Horsley has been colored by a single anecdote from John Fulton’s biography of Harvey Cushing. In this account, Cushing observes a frenetic Horsley hastily removing a Gasserian ganglion from a patient in the kitchen of a British mansion. Not long after, Cushing left Britain saying that he had little to learn from British neurosurgery. The authors of this paper examined contemporary views of Horsley to assess what his actual reputation was in the US and Canada. The authors conducted a thorough search of references to Horsley using the following sources: American surgical and neurosurgical textbooks; major biographies; diary entries and letters; PubMed; newspaper articles; and surgical and neurosurgical texts. The positive reception of his work is corroborated by invitations for Horsley to speak in America. Research additionally revealed that Horsley had numerous personal and professional relationships with prominent Americans in medicine, including William Osler, John Wheelock Elliot, Ernest Sachs, and (yes) Harvey Cushing. Horsley’s contributions to medicine and science were heavily reported in American newspapers; outside of neurosurgery, his strong opposition to the antivivisectionists and his support for alcohol prohibition were widely reported in popular media. Horsley’s contributions to neurosurgery in America are undeniable. Writings from and about prominent Americans reveal that he was viewed favorably by those who had met him. Frequent publication of his views in the American media suggests that medical professionals and the public in the US valued his contributions on scientific as well as social issues. Horsley died too young, but not without the international recognition that was rightly his.
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Adorno, Rolena. "On Western Waters: Anglo-American Nonfictional Narrative in the Nineteenth Century." Daedalus 141, no. 1 (2012): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00129.
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Anglo-American westward expansion provided a major impulse to the development of the young United States' narrative tradition. Early U.S. writers also looked to the South, that is, to the Spanish New World and, in some cases, to Spain itself. Washington Irving's “A History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus” (1828), the first full-length biography of the admiral in English, inaugurated the trend, and Mark Twain's “Life on the Mississippi” (1883) transformed it by focusing on the life and lives of the Mississippi River Valley and using an approach informed by Miguel de Cervantes's “Don Quijote de la Mancha.” From Irving's “discovery of America” to Twain's tribute to the disappearing era of steamboat travel and commerce on the Mississippi, the tales about “western waters,” told via their authors' varied engagements with Spanish history and literature, constitute a seldom acknowledged dimension in Anglo-America's nonfictional narrative literary history.
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Jones, Peter Blundell. "The lure of the Orient: Scharoun and Häring's East-West connections." Architectural Research Quarterly 12, no. 1 (2008): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135508000912.
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Among Hugo Häring's papers in the Häring archive of the Akademie der Künste in Berlin are the minutes of six meetings entitled Discussions about Chinese Architecture held on Fridays and once on a Saturday dating from November 1941 to May 1942. The persons involved are Hugo Häring, Hans Scharoun, Chen Kuan Lee and John Scott. Of Scott, a Germanised American, we know little: it seems his wife Gerda worked at Häring's art school. But Chen Kuan Lee is a key figure in this story. Born in Shanghai in 1919, he had arrived in Berlin in 1935 to study architecture under Hans Poelzig, completing the course in 1939. He then became Scharoun's assistant until 1941, working on the private houses that provided a limited creative opportunity under the Nazis. Lee returned to Scharoun's office in 1949, remaining there until 1953, one of only four assistants during the crucial period of 1951/1952 when Scharoun's new architecture was under development with key projects such as the Darmstadt School and Kassel Theatre. In between, Lee served as an assistant to Ernst Boerschmann (1873–1949), the great German investigator of Chinese culture and author of several books on Chinese architecture. Boerschmann had visited China from 1906 to 1909, when he was sent by the German government to make a comprehensive cultural study, rather as Hermann Muthesius had been sent to England in 1896. To complete Lee's biography, in 1954 he set up as an architect on his own account, building several Chinese restaurants, more than 30 private houses and some apartment blocks in a Scharoun-like manner [1], some spatially very interesting, but this kind of work went out of fashion with the advent of postmodernism in the 1980s and Lee died quite recently in obscurity.
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BELZ, JULIE A. "Institutional and individual dimensions of transatlantic group work in network-based language teaching." ReCALL 13, no. 2 (2001): 213–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344001000726a.
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Network-based language teaching (NBLT) involves the application of global or local communication networks within foreign and second language education (Warschauer and Kern, 2000). In telecollaboration, a type of NBLT, distally located language learners use internet communication tools to support dialogue, debate, collaborative research and social interaction for the purposes of language development and cultural awareness (e.g. Kinginger et al., 1999). To date, the research on NBLT has been limited, focusing primarily on pedagogical implementations of technology and linguistic features of online communication. In particular, researchers have not robustly explored social and institutional dimensions of telecollaboration (Chapelle, 2000:217) nor have they adequately investigated the pervasive assumption that telecollaborative interaction will necessarily and unproblematically afford language learning (e.g. Kramsch and Thorne, to appear). Drawing on social realism (Layder, 1993), a sociological theory which emphasizes the inter-relationship between structure, i.e. society and institution, and agency, i.e. situated activity and psycho-biography, in researching and explaining social action, I present a sociocultural account of German-American telecollaboration. In particular, I explore the meanings that the macro features of (1) language valuation (Hilgendorf, 1996); (2) membership in electronic discourse communities (Gee, 1999); and (3) culturally determined classroom scripts (Hatch, 1992) may have for the differential functionality of virtual group work in this partnership. Differences in group functionality are reflected at the micro-interactional level in terms of (1) frequency and length of correspondence; (2) patterns of discursive behavior such as question-answer pairs; and (3) opportunities for assisted L2 performance and negotiation of meaning. Ethnographic data (e.g. interviews, electronic and classroom discourse, surveys and participant observations) on individual psycho-biographies are interwoven with macro-level descriptions and statistics to paint a rich picture of learner behavior in intercultural telecollaboration. This project is funded by a United States Department of Education International Research and Studies Program Grant (CFDA No.: 84.017A). The author is a research associate for the German component.
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Ahisheva, Kseniia. "Three Preludes for piano by G. Gershwin in the context of the composer’s instrumental creativity." Aspects of Historical Musicology 19, no. 19 (2020): 449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-19.26.
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Background. George Gershwin is often considered as a composer who wrote mainly songs and musicals, but this is a misconception: beside the pieces of so-called “light” genres, among the composer’ works – two operas, as well as a number of outstanding instrumental compositions (“Cuban Overture” for a symphony orchestra, two Rhapsodies, Variations for piano and orchestra and Piano Concerto etc.). Gershwin had a natural pianistic talent, and there was almost not a single piece of his own that he did not perform on the piano, and most of them were born in improvisation (Ewen, 1989). The basis for the creation of this study was the desire to increase interest in the work of Gershwin as a “serious” composer and to draw the attention of domestic academic pianists to the value of his piano works, presented not only the “Rhapsody in Blue”, which has been mostly played lately. The purpose of our research is to prove the relevance of the performance of Gershwin’s instrumental works in the academic concert environment as the music of the classical tradition, tracing the formation of specific features of the composer’s instrumental creativity and their reflection in the cycle of “Three Preludes for Piano” in 1926. Studies of the life and work of G. Gershwin, illuminating a special path in music and the unusual genius of an outstanding musician, were created mainly in the 50–70s of the XX century. D. Ewen – the author of the most detailed biography of the composer (first published in 1956, the Russian translation – in 1989) – was personally acquainted with the great musician and his family, took numerous interviews from the composer’s relatives, friends and teachers, had access to his archives (Ewen, 1989: 3–4). The author of the book enters into the details of the life and creative work of the genius and creates a portrait of the composer as a person “in relationships” – as a son, brother, friend. A separate chapter devoted to the music of Gershwin is in the fundamental work of V. Konen (1965) “The Ways of American Music”, an extremely useful study of the folklore origins and musical foundations of jazz. Cognitive is the “popular monograph” by V. Volynskiy (1988) about Gershwin, carefully structured chronologically and thematically. The Internet-pages of A. Tikhomirov (2006–2020) on the resource “Classic Music News.ru” are also very valuable, in particular, thanks to retrospective photographs and audio recordings posted there. From the point of view we have chosen, the piano Preludes by G. Gershwin have not yet been considered by domestic researchers. Research methodology is based on comparative analysis and then synthesizing, generalization and abstraction when using data from biographical literature, and tested musicological approaches when considering musical samples and audio recordings of various versions of the Preludes (including the author’s playing). The results of reseaching. G. Gershwin, despite his Jewish-Slavic family roots (his parents emigrated to America from the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th century), is undoubtedly a representative of American culture. Outstanding artists have almost always turned to the folklore of their country. In Gershwin, this trait manifested itself in a special way, since American folklore, due to historical and political circumstances, is a very motley phenomenon. Indian, English, German, French, Jewish, African, Latin American melodies surrounded Gershwin everywhere. Their rhythms and intonations, compositional schemes were melted, transformed in professional music (Konen, 1965: 231–246). The first musical teacher of Gershwin was the sound atmosphere of New York streets. This is the main reason that the style of his musical works is inextricably linked with jazz: Gershwin did not encounter this purely American phenomenon, he grew up in it. Among the numerous other teachers of Gershwin who significantly influenced on the formation of his music style, one should definitely name the pianist and composer Charles Hambitzer, who introduced his student to the music of Bach, Beethoven, Chopin, Liszt, Debussy, Ravel (Ewen, 1989: 30–32). The most part of Gershwin’s creativity consisted of working on musicals, a typically American genre. The work with the musicals gave the composer the basis for writing his first jazz opera “Blue Monday“, 1922 (other name – “135th Street”), which became the predecessor of the famous pearl of the new genre, “Porgy and Bess” (1935). Following the production of “Blue Monday”, Gershwin began collaborating with the Paul Whiteman Orchestra, who was impressed by the piece. On the initiative of the latter, Gershwin created his masterpiece, “Rhapsody in Blue” (1924), which still remains a unique musical phenomenon, since the composer brought jazz to the big stage, giving it the status of professional music (Ewen, 1989: 79–85; Volynskiy, 1988: part 4). V. Konen (1965: 264–265) believes that Gershwin is a representative of symphonic Europeanized jazz, since he uses it in musical forms and genres of the European tradition. However, we cannot agree that Gershwin “used” jazz. For him, jazz was organic, inseparable from the author’s style, and this is what makes his music so attractive to representatives of both classical and pop traditions. For Gershwin, due to life circumstances, turning to jazz is not an attempt at stylization, but a natural way of expression. “Three Preludes for Piano” are significant in the composer’s work, because it is the only known concertо work for solo piano published during his lifetime. At first, Gershwin planned to create a cycle of 24 Preludes, but only seven were created in the manuscript, then the author reduced the number of works to five. A year after the creation of the Piano Concerto, in 1926, Gershwin presented this new opus. The pieces performed by the author himself sound impeccably technically and even austerely-strictly (audio recording has been preserved, see ‘Gershvin plays Gershvin 3 Preludes’, video on You Tube, published on 2 Aug. 2011). It can be noted that Gershwin is close to the European pianistic style with its attention to the accuracy of each note. The cycle is built on the principle of contrasting comparison: the first and third Preludes are performed at a fast pace, the second – at a slow pace (blues-like). The analysis of the cycle, carried out by the author of the article, proves that “Three Preludes” for piano reflect the main features of Gershwin’s creative manner: capriciousness of syncopated rhythms, subtle modulation play, improvisational development. Breathing breadth, volumetric texture, effective highlighting of climaxes bring the cycle closer to the composer’s symphonic works. Jazz themes are laid out at a high professional level, using traditional European notation and terminology. Thus, although Gershwin was a brilliant improviser, he made it possible for both jazz pianists and academic performers to master his works. Conclusions. The peculiarities of Gershwin’s development as an artist determined the combination of the jazz basis of his works with the compositional technique of European academic music. The versatility and musical appeal of the Preludes are the key to their long stage life. Plays are well received both in cycles and singly. Their perception is also improved by the fact that the original musical speech is combined in them with the established forms of academic music. The mastery of the Preludes by pianists stimulates the development of technical skill, acquaints with jazz style, sets interesting rhythmic problems. The pieces are bright and winning for concert performance. Thus, the presence of the composer’s piano pieces and other his instrumental works in the programs of classical concerts seems appropriate, useful and desirable.
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Egorova, L. V. "Ivanova, E., ed. (2018). The biography in cultural history: Collected papers. Moscow: Ruteniya." Voprosy literatury 1, no. 1 (2020): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2020-1-270-275.
Full textAbstract:
A review of the collective monograph by researchers of the A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the RAS into the origins and evolution of the biography as a genre. The first section of the book discusses composing a writer’s biography with the examples of Shakespeare and Samuel Johnson, the myth and the truth in Camões’ biography, as well as the specific features of this genre in the Latin American tradition. The second section of the monograph covers the history of the genre in Russia. Here, the authors discuss a wide range of problems, from the historical and cultural context of Simeon Polotsky’s biography to attempts of the genre’s theoretical interpretation. Also considered is P. Furman’s project, a series of biographies adapted for children’s reading. The third section focuses on documents at the source of poets’ biographies, criminal proceedings of the Decembrists, and case files of our contemporaries who fell victim of the Stalin terror.
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Kolozova, Katerina. "Marxism without Philosophy and Its Feminist Implications: The Problem of Subjectivity Centered Socialist Projects." Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture 17, no. 2-3 (2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.51151/identities.v17i2-3.464.
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The non-philosophical conceptualisation of the self, and I am expanding the category to include the other forms of theoretical-methodological exit from philosophy’s sufficiency as its principle, thus also Marx, psychoanalysis, and linguistics, does not reduce the radical dyad of physicality/automaton to one of its constituents. It is determined by the radical dyad as its identity in the last instance and it is determined by the materiality or the real of the last instance. The real is that of the dyad, of its internal unilaterality and the interstice at the center of it. We have called this reality of selfhood the non-human: the interstice is insurmountable; the physical and the automaton are one under the identity in the last instance but a unification does not take place. It is the physical, the animal and nature, it is materiality of “use value” and the real production that needs to be delivered from exploitation, not the “workers” only, especially because many of the global labor force are bereft of the status (of workers). And the need to do so is not only moral but also political in the sense of political economy: capitalism is based on a flawed phantasm that the universe of pure value is self-sufficient on a sustainable basis, based on an abstracted materiality as endlessly mutable resource. A political economy detached from the material is untenable. Author(s): Katerina Kolozova Title (English): Marxism without Philosophy and Its Feminist Implications: The Problem of Subjectivity Centered Socialist Projects Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020) Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje Page Range: 40-46 Page Count: 7 Citation (English): Katerina Kolozova, “Marxism without Philosophy and Its Feminist Implications: The Problem of Subjectivity Centered Socialist Projects,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 40-46. Author Biography Katerina Kolozova, Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje Dr. Katerina Kolozova is senior researcher and full professor at the Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities, Skopje. At the Institute, she teaches policy studies, political philosophy and gender studies. She is also a professor of philosophy of law at the doctoral school of the University American College, Skopje. At the Faculty of Media and Communication, Belgrade, she teaches contemporary political philosophy. She was a visiting scholar at the Department of Rhetoric at the University of California, Berkley in 2009, under the peer supervision of Prof. Judith Butler. She is a member of the Board of Directors of the New Centre for Research and Practice – Seattle, WA. Kolozova is the first co-director and founder of the Regional Network for Gender and Women’s Studies in Southeast Europe (2004). Her most recent monograph is Capitalism’s Holocaust of Animals: A Non-Marxist Critique of Capital, Philosophy and Patriarchy published by Bloomsbury Academic, UK in 2019, whereas Cut of the Real: Subjectivity in Poststructuralist Philosophy, published by Columbia University Press, NY in 2014, remains her most cited book
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Quinonez, Guillermo, and William W. McLendon. "The Beginnings of Pathology in America: A Contemporary Analysis of William E. Horner's A Treatise on Pathological Anatomy." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 135, no. 12 (2011): 1591–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2011-0141-hp.
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Context.—A Treatise on Pathological Anatomy, published in 1829 by William E. Horner, is the first American textbook on pathology. Several articles have been written on Horner, but they do not evaluate the role that the knowledge he recorded played on the intellectual origin of the discipline of pathology in America. Only one article, published in 1930, deals in some detail with the content of the Treatise. Because of new historiographic standards, this is an opportunity to expand on, and update, that article. Furthermore, Horner's book is now available free online, and print-on-demand paperback copies can be ordered for a modest cost from online booksellers. Objective.—To describe the organization and structure of the scientific knowledge found in the Treatise with the intent of demonstrating how this material created the intellectual basis for the origin of pathology as a discipline in America. Design.—Using current historiographic standards, the knowledge included in the book is examined and contextualized within the social, professional, and educational conditions existing at the time of publication. The essay also includes biographic data on the author. Results.—The Treatise contains important information on the principles, ideas, and practice of pathology in the nineteenth century and illustrates the influence of French literature on the author. Conclusion.—The contribution of the Treatise as the first formal textbook on the subject in America is seminal and should be the basis for further historic studies on the organization and structure of scientific knowledge in pathology in America.
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Martynov, D. E. "The Worlds of Limited-Edition Books (Arthur Clarke, Robert Heinlein, Wojciech Kajtoch, Stanisław Lem)." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 162, no. 5 (2020): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2020.5.281-292.
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This paper reviews four books, all dedicated to the study of the science fiction genre and the biography of science-fiction writers. They were published in Russian in an extremely limited number. These books include a collection of articles by Wojciech Kaitoch, biographies of Arthur Clarke and Robert Heinlein written by Neil Mcaleer and William H. Patterson, respectively, as well as a biography of Stanisław Lem compiled by his son Tomasz. The authors of all biographies come from fundamentally important circumstances in the lives of the writers. The main approach to exploring the biographies under consideration is annual chronicle, which allows getting involved in the most diverse materials. For American biographers, a very important part of the biography is also sexual orientation and preferences. On the contrary, the Polish literary critic W. Kaitoch uses the modern methods in his literary research and turns towards the biographical approach only when there is no way to otherwise explain the features of the analyzed text. W. Kaitoch is skeptical of the idea about any possibility of revealing the author’s intention. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that, under the conditions of media sphere dominance, specialized limited-edition publications in the field of the humanities are of interest to an extremely small number of specialists and literary fans.
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Shumakov, Andrey A. "Prince Hall: the origins of the Back-to-Africa Movement and black Freemasonry." Historia provinciae – the journal of regional history 5, no. 2 (2021): 433–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/2587-8344-2021-5-2-3.
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This work examines in detail the biography and ideological and political views of Prince Hall, one of the most authoritative and at the same time one of the most mysterious representatives of the black rights movement in the United States. In the course of the analysis, the author dwells in detail on the circumstances of the formation of his socio-political philosophy. He comes to an unambiguous conclusion that it is impossible to attribute the theoretical views of this public figure either to black nationalism or to Pan-Africanism. At the same time, the author acknowledges that the views of the Grand Master of the African Lodge have a number of similarities with both of these ideologies. In particular, Prince Hall adhered to the concept of Ethiopianism and was among the first to put forward the idea of compensating African Americans for the years of slavery and return to the Black Continent. This certainly makes him related to such well-known ideologists of black nationalism as Martin Robison Delany, Henry McNeal Turner, Marcus Garvey, and Malcolm X. But unlike those listed above, Hall remained a staunch egalitarian, a patriot, and an opponent of violent methods of struggle until the very end of his life, which contradicts this doctrine. In addition, this personage was at the origins of the repatriation movement and black Freemasonry, which earned him his great fame. The great contribution of Prince Hall to the cause of struggle against slavery as well as his place among the first and foremost abolitionists has never been questioned by researchers. At the same time, it had to be pointed out the significant degree of mythologization of the image of the Great Master and his biography which still causes a lot of controversy not only in the academic but also in the political and public community. That is why the work provides a number of versions and interpretations of the “well-known facts” of Hall’s biography. The author exposes them to a detailed critical analysis. In Russian historical science, this study is the first work to offer a critical scholarly interpretation of the biography of Prince Hall, the founder of black Freemasonry and the Back-to-Africa Movement. A number of sources are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
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Yunitri, Ni Wayan, I. Made Rajeg, and Sang Ayu Isnu Maharani. "Racism in The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas." Humanis 23, no. 2 (2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2019.v23.i02.p01.
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This study was intended to find out the extrinsic elements that were exposed in the novel entitled “The Hate U Give”, and to analyze how the story reflected the racism in America. The data of this study was taken from Angie Thomas’s debut novel entitled “The Hate U Give. The data used in this study was in the form of sentences and words taken from dialogues and narration of the novel. This study applied documentation method, and the data was analysed by applying two theories; the extrinsic approach that was proposed by Wellek and Warren and the sociological approach proposed by Laurensen and Swingewood. Furthermore, the analysis was presented using the informal method. The result of the analysis showed that the five extrinsic elements proposed by Wellek and Warren namely; Biography, Psychology, Society, Ideas, and Other Forms of Art were found in the novel, and the author was influenced by the extrinsic elements in writing the novel. Furthermore, it was found that the racism in America was reflected through a realistic depiction written based on the real phenomenon happened in America.
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Ustinov, A. B., and I. E. Loshchilov. "The Great War and Siberian Memory: Georgy Vyatkin in an American Poetry Anthology of 1916." Studies in Theory of Literary Plot and Narratology 15, no. 2 (2020): 106–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2410-7883-2020-2-106-128.
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The essay is dedicated to a rather extraordinary episode in the literary biography of the Siberian poet Georgy Vyatkin (1885–1938), when one of his poems was translated by the American social worker Alice Stone Blackwell (1857–1950) and published in 1916 in the magazine “The Russian Review.” The authors carefully reconstruct political and ideological contexts of this publication, directly linked to the United States’ entry into the Great War. They pay special attention to the literary and social activities of Alice Stone Blackwell. They discuss what place Vyatkin’s poem “To the Descendants’ took in Vyatkin’s literary biography in the time of the Great War. In 1914 he became a front-line correspondent for the Kharkov newspaper “Utro.” By 1915 he was drafted as a “ratnik” (soldier) by the army, and further served as an assistant within the medical and nutritional detachment under the command of another poet, Sasha Chernyi (Alexander Glikberg; 1880‒1932). Throughout the Great War, Vyatkin created an œuvre of literary works in verse and prose, which also includes his poem “To Descendants,” that was published in the magazine “Europe’s Messenger” and translated into English. Vyatkin revised some of his war poems after the Revolution, and adapted them to the circum- stances of the Civil War, from the perspective of the “White” press. At the same time, he became the Secretary of the War Archives Commission, which was created in 1918 under the leadership of the folklorist Ivan Ulyanov (1876–1937), who collected evidence of the modern memory of the Great War.
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Graham, Gordon. "Understanding America Better A Ten-book Challenge." Logos 23, no. 2 (2012): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1878-4712-11111115.
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AbstractEleven Americans, including a publisher, an international entrepreneur, two librarians, an historian, an art designer, a real estate agent, an author, an academic, an IT consultant and a bibliophile, were asked to choose which ten books they would recommend to a new arrival in the United States. Their target was defined as literate in English, well read, and with an intelligent outsider's knowledge of the United States. The participants, who made their choices unbeknown to one another, were invited to annotate their choices. The result is a kaleidoscope of views and arguments, with surprisingly little overlap, reflecting the endless diversity of the subject. The earliest of the 87 titles recommended is dated 1786, the most recent 2011. They include the famous and the obscure, scholarly and popular, tomes and light reading, poetry and essays, history and biography, science and sociology.
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Orozco, Luis Antonio, and Olga Lucía Anzola-Morales. "A Colombian classic management thinker: Alejandro López Restrepo." Journal of Management History 25, no. 2 (2019): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-07-2018-0034.
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PurposeThis paper aims to present the Colombian Alejandro López Restrepo as a classic management thinker from the first half of the twentieth century and discuss his ideas in the light of Anglo-Saxon authors at that time and his contributions as a professor, manager and public servant.Design/methodology/approachBibliographic material including López’s books and essays and their biography published by Mayor (2001) are reviewed to organize a new reading of López as a management thinker and practitioner.FindingsBeyond several classical managerial thinkers, López reconceptualized scientific management with a critical discussion of classical economic theory using sociology and psychology to present a unique conception of work, enterprise and efficiency as a public service that gives sense to individual and social realization to face the future and create development.Research limitations/implicationsTechniques as critical biography and interpretation of data have not been used, instead the aim to contribute to the literature of management history a Latin American’ thinker.Practical implicationsIncluding López as a classical management thinker can improve the study of management history. His life and ideas give new reflexive insight to understand the development of management in Colombia and serve to inspire administrators to seek improvements in society.Originality/valueThe paper offers a new approach toward studying Alejandro López beyond previous sociological work by Mayor (2001) with the discussion of the contributions in the lenses of managerial practices and theoretical insights at that time.