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1
Havryliak, Stepan. "NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION. USING 3D PRINTERS." Theory and Building Practice 2021, no. 1 (June 22, 2021): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2021.01.015.
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Technological processes in all branches of production are maximally automated in the world, this also applies to construction. The main driver of automation of construction processes is 3D printing technology. The first driver was the invention of stereolithography technology, which was discovered in 1986 by American engineer Chuck Hull. The article describes the process of 3D printing technology, using different materials and printing principles. The main 3D printing includes the application of the material in layers at high temperatures (for small plastic products) and layer by layer of concrete mix and geopolymer concrete when printing houses. The first to start using 3D printers in construction was the Chinese company Winsun. Also considered are building structures (buildings and structures) that were built using 3D printers, compared to their technical and economic indicators. The positive and negative aspects of the use of 3D printers in construction are studied. In the future, it is planned to study plastics of ABS and PLA brands to create structural building elements with the subsequent use of these elements in construction.
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Günel, Gökçe. "Air Conditioning the Arabian Peninsula." International Journal of Middle East Studies 50, no. 3 (August 2018): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743818000570.
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With much of the Arabian Peninsula characterized by hot and arid weather conditions during long summer seasons, residents are forced to rely on air conditioning to cool their surroundings. Before the construction of air conditioning infrastructures, many would leave the coast during the summer months to head to oases, such as Al Ain near Abu Dhabi, or live in tents in the desert to find relief from the heat. From the 1950s, European and American building practices shaped the region with little consideration of vernacular design elements or energy conservation. These building practices introduced air conditioning as a cooling method. For instance, the 1951 Report of Operations to the Saudi Arab Government by the Arabian American Oil Company explained how “automobiles, air conditioning units, sewing machines, washing machines, refrigerators, and many other modern conveniences are now readily available” in Al Hasa, a significant region for Aramco's operations on the east of Saudi Arabia. By 1952, workers residing in Aramco's camps could have air conditioning units installed in their rooms on a rental basis. Air conditioning technology reconfigured urban environments, altering the relationship between indoors and outdoors, and ultimately constituting what Jiat-Hwee Chang and Tim Winter term a “thermal modernity” that transforms how built forms are imagined and inhabited. The current widespread use of air conditioning in the region is therefore connected not only to high temperatures, but also to how air conditioning is singled out as the ultimate technical fix in confronting the climate. Other solutions to managing heat, such as improving insulation mechanisms for residences and office buildings, have been less pervasive.
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Kolisnyk, Oleksandra, and Solomiia Ohanesian. "ICONIC AND SYMBOLIC ASPECT IN TRADEMARKS OF THE LATE 19th AND EARLY 20th CENTURIES." CULTURE AND ARTS IN THE MODERN WORLD, no. 22 (June 30, 2021): 212–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31866/2410-1915.22.2021.235916.
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The purpose of the study is to identify the possibilities of visual symbolism in the creation of a company image using a logo in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Research Methodology. The historical, historical-comparative, analytical methods were used to conduct the research; art history methods — formal, figurative-stylistic, semantic analysis — were used to identify the figurative and symbolic language of the company’s logos late 19th – early 20th centuries. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the works of foreign and national scientists of the 20th century, the symbol and mark are characterised as means of expressing the phenomenon essence, and the existing classifications of symbols are considered. The logos used in the late 19th – early 20th centuries in the world practice and on the Ukraine territory are analysed. The example of the Prudential Financial insurance company (the USA) shows that the use of a symbolic element remained unchanged in the process of its changes during 1860–1996. On the example of the trademarks of Ukrainian enterprises — the Ernst Mehlhose Agricultural Machinery Plant (1874–1923), the F. V. Alsop in Kharkiv enterprise, Luhansk Textile Mill (1904–2001), Kyiv Contract Fair (1797–1930) — the methods of visual identification are considered, the artistic means are determined; the comparative analysis is carried out. It is established that the image of the rock in the structure of the American company logo is a symbol of strength and security and appeals to its main characteristics. It is determined that in the means of visual identification of Ukrainian enterprises of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, there is a tendency to express clearly the company specialisation through realistic images of architectural buildings that belonged to them or produced products, as well as ordinary names with moderate artistic design.
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García SanMiguel, Pedro, and Julian García Muñoz. "Towards sustainable housing: ABS industrialized passive buildings = Hacia la vivienda sostenible: los edificios industrializados pasivos ABS." Building & Management 2, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/bma.2018.2.3767.
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Abstract Promoting innovation in the construction sector is one of the cornerstones of sustainability, since it is one of the main responsible for GHG emissions. This paper provides a proposal for sustainable housing: the industrialized passive home of American Building System Company (ABS) and its suitability to be incorporated into the construction system. Following the comparative analysis of the energy demands of this model versus an equivalent house which follows the regulations of the CTE. These data will be simulated by the SG SAVE software that perform the energy simulation of the both systems, based on the transmittance values of enclosures and glass and the final tightness of the homes. From these results about the savings in energy consumption, an economic analysis has been carried out and an assessment of the amortization period of the proposed house facing the other. In addition, through the calculation coefficients of equivalent CO2 emissions from the Spanish Ministry of Industry, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy consumption during the use stage has been obtained. Finally, for a standardize comfort conditions, the modelling and the assessment allow us to conclude that the deployment of ABS house in comparison with the conventional Spanish system supposes a reduction of 60% in energy demand, a 90% in CO2 emissions, and an amortization period of 12 years. With all these evidences we should start to think why this system has not been already integrated in the Spanish construction sector. Resumen Fomentar la innovación en el sector de la construcción es una de las piedras angulares de la sostenibilidad, pues la construcción es uno de los sectores responsables de las emisiones de GEI. Este artículo busca ofrecer una propuesta para la construcción sostenible: la vivienda pasiva industrializada de la empresa American Building System (ABS) y su idoneidad para ser incorporada como sistema constructivo tras el análisis comparativo de sus demandas energéticas frente a los de una vivienda equivalente que sigue la normativa del Código Técnico de la Edificación. Estos datos han sido obtenidos a partir del modelado energético de la vivienda a través del software SG SAVE, en función de los valores de transmitancia de cerramientos y vidrios y la estanqueidad final de la vivienda. A partir de estos resultados se ha realizado un análisis económico y se ha calculado el periodo de amortización de la vivienda propuesta frente a la del sistema convencional. Por otro lado, mediante los coeficientes de cálculo de emisiones del Ministerio de Industria Español, ha sido posible estimar la reducción emisiones de CO2 asociadas al consumo de energía durante la etapa de uso como consecuencia de la reducción de demanda energética entre ambas viviendas. Finalmente, para unas condiciones de confort normalizadas, la modelización energética y el análisis de resultados nos permiten concluir que la vivienda ABS en comparación con la vivienda del sistema convencional español nos permite reducir la demanda energética en hasta un 60%, las emisiones de CO2 en hasta un 90%, con un período de amortización de 12 años. Con todas estas evidencias de mejoría se plantea una reflexión final que es la de por qué este tipo de sistemas constructivos no están todavía integrados en el modelo constructivo español .
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Biggs, Lindy, and Margaret Crawford. "Building the Workingman's Paradise: The Design of American Company Towns." Technology and Culture 38, no. 4 (October 1997): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3106975.
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Allen, Barbara L., and Margaret Crawford. "Building the Workingman's Paradise: The Design of American Company Towns." Journal of American History 84, no. 4 (March 1998): 1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2568176.
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Ghirardo, Diane. "Building the Workingman's Paradise: The Design of the American Company Town." Journal of Architectural Education 51, no. 1 (September 1997): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10464883.1997.10734751.
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Ghirardo, Diane, and Margaret Crawford. "Building the Workingman's Paradise: The Design of the American Company Town." Journal of Architectural Education (1984-) 51, no. 1 (September 1997): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1425527.
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Klein, Richard. "The Delcourt House: the last house by Richard Neutra." Modern Houses, no. 64 (2021): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/64.a.7bzrgwww.
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The only French building by the architect Richard Neutra (1892-1970), Delcourt house, built in Croix near Roubaix, France, is frequently forgotten in publications on his work, and is generally considered to be of little significance in the largely American career of its designer. At the end of the 1960s, Marcel Delcourt (1923-2016), a young Chief Executive Officer at the head of the mail order company Les Trois Suisses, was attracted to the American way of life. As the final work of Richard Neutra, the Delcourt residence is a fragile heritage, the result of complex and fruitful exchanges between Europe and the United States of America (USA), between architects and the client, but also between the customized design of most of the features and the use of sophisticated techniques, products that the interior finish industry was able to supply at the end of the 1960s. The edifice now stands as a repository of domestic architecture techniques.
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Dawson, Virginia P. "Protection from Undesirable Neighbors: The Use of Deed Restrictions in Shaker Heights, Ohio." Journal of Planning History 18, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 116–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538513218791466.
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Stringent architectural and building restrictions were put in place as the Van Sweringen Company laid out Shaker Heights, Ohio, an exclusive planned community, incorporated in 1912. In 1925, as African Americans and Jews sought to purchase property there, the company devised and implemented a new restriction that, while containing no overtly discriminatory language, succeeded in achieving the company’s discriminatory objective. The company and, later, the City of Shaker Heights would continue to enforce this restriction well beyond 1948 when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled religious and racial covenants unenforceable.
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Grissom, Carol A., Emily M. Aloiz, Edward P. Vicenzi, and Richard A. Livingston. "Seneca sandstone: a heritage stone from the USA." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 486, no. 1 (September 20, 2018): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp486.4.
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AbstractSeneca sandstone is a fine-grained arkosic sandstone of dark-red coloration used primarily during the nineteenth century in Washington, DC. Several inactive Seneca sandstone quarries are located along the Potomac River 34 km NW of Washington near Poolesville, Maryland. Seneca sandstone is from part of the Poolesville Member of the Upper Triassic Manassas Formation, which is in turn a Member of the Newark Supergroup that crops out in eastern North America. Its first major public use is associated with George Washington, the first president of the Potomac Company founded in 1785 to improve the navigability of the Potomac River, with the goal of opening transportation to the west for shipping. The subsequent Chesapeake and Ohio Canal built parallel to the river made major use of Seneca sandstone in its construction and then facilitated the stone's transport to the capital for the construction industry. The most significant building for which the stone was used is the Smithsonian Institution Building or ‘Castle’ (1847–55), the first building of the Smithsonian Institution and still its administrative centre. Many churches, school buildings and homes in the city were built wholly or partially with the stone during the ‘brown decades’ of the latter half of the nineteenth century.
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Littmann, William. "Review: Building the Workingman's Paradise: The Design of American Company Towns by Margaret Crawford." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 56, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991232.
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Cheng, Jian Hua, and Hui Wang. "Application and Popularization of BIM Technology in Project Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 2871–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.2871.
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BIM technology changes the path of acquiring and transmiting information in traditional project management methods. According to classification from building SMART alliance in America, 25 kinds of applications of BIM in architecture engineering field are listed.Through analyzing parties of project management,including design enterprise, owner,building enterprise,estate management company and construction supervision institution,a conclusion is drawn that construction supervision institution is the most suitable party to popularize BIM technology. Moreover,several approaches are put forward to establish BIM technology service corporation, expand BIM consulting business by supervision institution, popularize supervision business by BIM consulting form and consolidate supervision company and BIM consulting incorporation.
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Thite, Mohan. "Interview with MK Ajay, Executive Vice President of Human Resources, Colgate-Palmolive (India)." South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management 7, no. 1 (May 6, 2020): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2322093720914800.
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Colgate-Palmolive is a well-known American multinational corporation. It is well regarded as a very reputable, ethical, admired and sustainable company that values employee diversity. In this interview with the Head of HR of Colgate India, we can find some unique features in its management team, style and organisational culture. The interview explores the alignment and dynamics between business and HR strategies, long-term sustainable perspective on leadership at all levels, and building harmony in industrial relations.
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De La Cruz-Fernández, Paula A. "Marketing the Hearth: Ornamental Embroidery and the Building of the Multinational Singer Sewing Machine Company." Enterprise and Society 15, no. 03 (September 2014): 442–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700015949.
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This study examines the Singer Sewing Machine Company’s strategies for selling family sewing machines on a global scale. In marketing the sewing machine, the American-headquartered Singer focused on ornamental embroidery or “fancy” sewing, defining home sewing as art, to distance the company and the appliance from negative perceptions of women’s garment work as industrial manufacturing. Singer created its Embroidery Department in the early 1890s in response to consumers’ sewing preferences. The department reflects how the home became a site where global capitalism was constructed and articulated. Singer’s Embroidery Department had representatives in many countries, coordinating expositions and other advertising. In the case of Singer in Spain and the United States, women who took part in the department’s work were an essential part of the corporate-integrated operation. This article examines the relationship between Singer’s corporate strategies and gender and culture in Spain and the United States.
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Lin-chun, Wu. "“One Drop of Oil, One Drop of Blood”: The United States and the Petroleum Problem in Wartime China, 1937-1945." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 19, no. 1 (2012): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187656112x637151.
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In 1931, Japan occupied Manchuria and seemed intent on conquering China. Because Japan was devoid of petroleum, planners turned to exploration in the Western Pacific. In China, mobilization for a military invasion and preparations for economic survival made control of petroleum supplies more urgent than ever. As Irvine H. Anderson reminds us in The Standard-Vacuum Oil Company and United States East Asian Policy, 1933-1941, Standard-Vacuum, Shell, and the Anglo-American diplomatic corps accelerated their close cooperation especially after Japan created monopolies of the economies of Manchuria and North China, which violated the traditional principles of American Open Door Policy. However, the American de facto embargo policy and the Japanese resolve to seize the necessary supplies in the Dutch Indies made it inevitable that American companies would become involved in the formulation and execution of American policy both before and after Pearl Harbor. Building on Anderson’s extraordinary research, this article focuses on the petroleum problem in China and the American response, especially of the State Department and Foreign Service officers, during 1937-45.
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Vinkovetsky, Ilya. "Building a Diocese Overseas: The Orthodox Church in Partnership with the Russian-American Company in Alaska." Ab Imperio 2010, no. 3 (2010): 152–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/imp.2010.0058.
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Fu, Qiming, QingSong Liu, Zhen Gao, Hongjie Wu, Baochuan Fu, and Jianping Chen. "A Building Energy Consumption Prediction Method Based on Integration of a Deep Neural Network and Transfer Reinforcement Learning." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 10 (January 8, 2020): 2052005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420520059.
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With respect to the problem of the low accuracy of traditional building energy prediction methods, this paper proposes a novel prediction method for building energy consumption, which is based on the seamless integration of the deep neural network and transfer reinforcement learning (DNN-TRL). The method introduces a stack denoising autoencoder to extract the deep features of the building energy consumption, and shares the hidden layer structure to transfer the common information between different building energy consumption problems. The output of the DNN model is used as the input of the Sarsa algorithm to improve the prediction performance of the target building energy consumption. To verify the performance of the DNN-TRL algorithm, based on the data recorded by American Power Balti Gas and Electric Power Company, and compared with Sarsa, ADE-BPNN, and BP-Adaboost algorithms, the experimental results show that the DNN-TRL algorithm can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the building energy consumption.
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Dewulf, Jeroen. "Emulating a Portuguese Model." Journal of Early American History 4, no. 1 (March 14, 2014): 3–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18770703-00401006.
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This article presents a new perspective on the master-slave relationship in New Netherland in order to complement the existing theories on the treatment of slaves in that Dutch colony. It shows how prior to the loss of Dutch Brazil, the West India Company modeled its slave policy after Portuguese practices, such as the formation of black militias and the use of Christianity as a means to foster slave loyalty. It also points out that in the initial slave policy of the Dutch Reformed Church was characterized by the ambition to replace the Iberian Catholic Church in the Americas. While the Reformed Church in the early decades of the Dutch colonial expansion was characterized by a community-building spirit and a flexible attitude toward newcomers, the loss of Brazil shattered the dream of a Protestant American continent and gave way to a more exclusivist approach with a much stronger emphasis on orthodoxy. This led to a dramatic change in attitude vis-à-vis slaves, which is reflected in the segregationist policies―both at a social and a religious level―in later Dutch slave colonies such as Suriname.
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Kusnick, Catherine, Gary Kraftsow, and Mary Hilliker. "Building Bridges for Yoga Therapy Research: The Aetna, Inc., Mind-Body Pilot Study on Chronic and High Stress." International Journal of Yoga Therapy 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17761/ijyt.22.1.k982040922pw748g.
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In 2009, Aetna, Inc., invited Gary Kraftsow and the American Viniyoga Institute (AVI) to contribute to a research study on modulating stress. This partnership represented the first formal recognition of the potential role of yoga therapy in modern healthcare by an insurance company. This project exemplified the power and value of a collaboration in which yoga therapists made the ancient yoga teachings relevant to healthcare research. We must under-stand our own ancient traditions, learn the language of Western medicine, and recognize opportunities to build bridges to medical disciplines, academic partners, insurers, funders, and policy makers.
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Sluyterman, Keetie, and Ben Wubs. "Multinationals and the Dutch Business System: The Cases of Royal Dutch Shell and Sara Lee." Business History Review 84, no. 4 (2010): 799–822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500002038.
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The impact of the strategies of multinational companies on the Dutch business system during the twentieth century is described in relation to two fi rms. The fi rst case examines the attitude of the Dutch (in this example, Anglo-Dutch) parent company Royal Dutch Shell toward its international subsidiaries. The second looks at the approach taken by the American company Sara Lee toward its Dutch subsidiary, Douwe Egberts. Until the 1980s, both companies were prepared to adjust their organizations to national traditions and ambitions. However, when these nationally based global fi rms came under pressure during that decade, both changed their organizational structures. Their actions can be seen both as responses to globalization and as attempts to advance that process by simultaneously building international institutions and changing elements of the national business system in the Netherlands.
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Phillips, Andrew, and JC Sharman. "Company-states and the creation of the global international system." European Journal of International Relations 26, no. 4 (June 7, 2020): 1249–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066120928127.
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We investigate the nature and significance of the vital but neglected “company-states” in helping to facilitate the move from contained regional international systems to the first genuinely global international system. Historically, actors like the Dutch and English East India Companies were crucial in spearheading the first wave of European expansion in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Conceptually, company-states broaden our understanding of international actors. At a time when intra-European politics favored gradual institutional convergence on the sovereign state, the demands of extra-European expansion meanwhile gave rise to diverse competing institutions. Company-states succeeded in an era of weak sovereign states because of their relative efficiency in managing the transaction costs and principal-agent challenges of intercontinental trade and rule. Conversely, company-states later declined as they succumbed to the effects of sharpening worldwide geopolitical competition, and were displaced by increasingly powerful new European empire-building projects. This argument advances earlier work on the creation of the international system by eschewing Eurocentrism and state-centrism, and foregrounding diversity and hybridization.
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Humstone, Mary, Hilery Walker, and Helis Sikk. "Jenny Lake Lodge and Cabins, Determination of Eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 32 (January 1, 2009): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2009.3741.
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During summer 2009, the University of Wyoming American Studies Program conducted an intensive historic building and landscape survey of the Jenny Lake Lodge in Grand Teton National Park (Figure 1). The oldest of Grand Teton Lodge Companyâs visitor accommodations, Jenny Lake Lodge has a long and varied history that spans the period from early 20th century dude ranching to contemporary automobile tourism, and that is closely entwined with the history of Grand Teton National Park itself.
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Perger, Alja. "Organic Waste Management in Canada: Building a Sustainable Circular Economy." Mednarodno inovativno poslovanje = Journal of Innovative Business and Management 11, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32015/jimb/2019-11-1-9.
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North America is a big consumer and consequently a big producer of waste. For the purpose of this project, we were primarily interested in collecting information in North America, focusing on Quebec primarily. The main research question was risen up during the fieldwork and assistance with the Canadian company. It clearly presents the enterprise readiness for obtaining a smart solution on organic/food waste problem. It is believed, how organic/food waste can be a resource of a high value. There is a capacity of creating a new path, where organic/food waste could become the important as plant/field nutrient supply. The circular approach to organic waste management is urgently needed in a way how the organic waste should be reduced and returned as productive resource input into our economy.
The paper presents a new value towards a sustainability process that Canada is building at the moment. It represents the innovative approach, which is highly accepted in some cities in Quebec with the obtained pilot projects and excellent results. This paper is not only a simple research paper, but it is also the very important original innovative document which can be highly used on the level of each municipality, region and federal level.
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Ye, Shirley. "The Grand Canal in Republican China." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 62, no. 4 (May 16, 2019): 731–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341492.
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AbstractSince the late imperial era, Yellow River floods have endangered the environmental equilibrium of North China, including parts of the Grand Canal. The Republican government’s response to water disasters reflected the influence of global networks and institutions of expertise. By turning to an American company for infrastructure work on the Grand Canal, Chinese government officials placed their faith in global science and finance to renew a domestic symbol of state power. The project failed; nonetheless the efforts to restore the waterways and provide relief reveal the entangled humanitarian, corporate, and educational interests of modern China’s state building and environmental management.
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BEVAN, PAUL. "Zhou Xicheng's “Guizhou Auto Dollar”: Commemorating the Building of Roads for Famine Relief." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 29, no. 2 (February 13, 2019): 345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186318000561.
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AbstractIn 1926 Zhou Xicheng, Governor of Guizhou, China, obtained a new car from an American Motor Company, the first car ever to find its way to this remote Chinese province. Road construction in Guizhou was well underway when the American engineer O. J. Todd, a member of the China International Famine Relief Committee, was invited that year to assist in its continued development. Governor Zhou had his own methods for the speedy and effective building of roads and recruited local people, the army, and even large teams of school children to assist in construction. It is likely that his work methods had taken their inspiration from Sun Yat-sen's plans as outlined in his book The International Development of China of 1920; plans that Sun Yat-sen further promoted in the writing of a letter to Henry Ford in which he requested the industrialist's assistance in the improvement of the motor industry in China. In 1928, in an effort to commemorate his own role in China's road construction projects, Zhou Xicheng had a coin struck. Instead of showing an image of his own head or that of another luminary such as Sun Yat-sen or Yuan Shikai - as had been common with coins of the first decades of the twentieth-century - this one yuan silver coin shows an image of his beloved motor car.
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Merrill, Jessica E. "High Modernism in Theory and Practice: Karel Teige and Tomáš Bat'a." Slavic Review 76, no. 2 (2017): 428–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2017.85.
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This article compares Tomáš Bata's development of Zlín as a company town with the architectural theory of Karel Teige. Despite political differences— Bat’a was a champion of “American” capitalism, Teige a leader of the leftist avant-garde—they had unexpectedly similar ideas about architectural design and city planning. The article uses James C. Scott's definition of high modernism as a starting point to explain these commonalities, historically contextualizing the two men's thinking as a specific iteration of this ideology. Both, for instance, paradoxically sought to incorporate liberal, democratic values (typical of the rhetoric of state building in interwar Czechoslovakia) into their authoritarian plans. This analysis helps explain subsequent, socialist architectural developments, in which Teige's theory and Bat’a's practices were combined. In this, the article contributes to an understanding of Czechoslovakia's post-1948 cultural history not in terms of impositions from Moscow, but as building on native institutions.
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Sterne, Evelyn Savidge. "Bringing Religion into Working-Class History." Social Science History 24, no. 1 (2000): 149–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200010105.
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In August 1927, the Virgin Mary made a surprise appearance in Providence, Rhode Island. Her image mysteriously hovered on the wall of a building on Federal Hill, the city’s central Italian American neighborhood. Streets were filled and businesses disrupted as crowds assembled to regard the phenomenon. When the Narragansett Electric Company removed the bulb from a nearby street lamp, the image disappeared, but thousands of believers continued to assemble nonetheless.TheProvidence Journalfinally sent a reporter to Federal Hill to get to the bottom of the mystery. Several onlookers told the reporter that Mary had appeared in Providence because God was unhappy about the impending execution of Italian radicals Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (Providence Journal[PJ] 10 August 1927).
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Pirela, Arnoldo. "Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Institutional Change: The Dynamics of Building Industry Alliances in Venezuela." Science, Technology and Society 12, no. 1 (March 2007): 113–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097172180601200106.
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This article presents and analyses the final results of a four-year experience aimed at developing innovative capacities and competitiveness by creating alliances between the state-owned oil company (PDVSA), and national firms supplying goods and services to the Venezuelan oil and petrochemical industry. The article proposes a different approach from the standard analysis on firm behaviour, innovation competitiveness, and cooperative organisation and alliances that tend to disregard national environment, including national political developments and government ideological orientations. We make a case in favour of the analysis of the long-term macro-economic and macro-political trends and ideological orientations of a country, as well as how firms attempt to develop their competitiveness and the collaboration programmes supposedly taking place. We argue in favour of this approach in countries with high levels of political and economic instability, such as most underdeveloped nations. This is the case of several Latin American countries at present, especially of the Venezuelan oil-driven economy. A country now in a ‘u-turn’ economy, and maybe the only one since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of the Soviet Union trying to impose a kind of planned economy and socialism.
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Miao, Miao. "The Process of Retail Internationalization in the Chinese Market: A Case of Japanese Fashion Company." International Journal of Marketing Studies 9, no. 5 (September 30, 2017): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v9n5p95.
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Since China’s ingress into the World Trade Organization (WTO), to a greater extent, multinational business enterprises have entered the market. Fashion industries, for instance, led by European and American apparel retailers, including many Japanese companies, have begun to pay attention to the Chinese market. This is embodied in diverse formats of retailing outlets with international expansions. The intent of this paper is to present an empirical study for improving the framework of retail internationalization processes in the Chinese market, and to provide a perception of the interface between retailing and building customer relationship. Case studies approach is employed in this study to build theories. The objectives of this research are (1) to investigate the processes and barriers of entering the Chinese market by looking at a case study of a Japanese fashion retailer; (2) to clarify the characteristics of each stage of international expansion by applying dynamic capabilities based on a framework that makes a distinction between a firm’s first stage, second stage and third stage; and (3) to indicate the emergence of a new retail format, called a “house brand store,” and its important role in retail internationalization and customer relationship management.
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Valenti, Michael. "Double Wrapped." Mechanical Engineering 121, no. 01 (January 1, 1999): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1999-jan-2.
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This article discusses that a probabilistic study showed that the use of double-hulled shuttle tankers could reduce the probability of spillage resulting from collisions, contact with non-ship objects, and groundings by 75 percent. American petroleum companies are already using double-hulled tankers. The efficacy of double-hulled vessels in preventing environmental threats was borne out in October 1997 by Conoco Inc.’s tanker Guardian. Conoco, based in Houston, has operated a 100 percent double-hulled U.S. tanker fleet since August 1998. Indeed, the company decided to build only double-hulled tankers months before Congress passed OPA 1990. Two new craft will join Conoco’s flotilla of four twin-hulled vessels in 1999. Conoco engineers met a number of challenges when they embarked on building a double-hulled fleet. Double-hulled vessels are inherently more expensive than single-hulled vessels. Maritrans Operating Partners LP, a wholly owned subsidiary of Maritrans Inc. in Philadelphia, operator and owner of one of the nation’s largest fleets of oil tankers, tugboats, and oceangoing petroleum tank barges, found a way to reduce those costs, which may serve as a model for other shipping firms. The 65-year-old company converted a two-decade-old single-hulled tank barge into a double-hulled vessel.
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Brennan, Shane. "Visionary Infrastructure: Community Solar Streetlights in Highland Park." Journal of Visual Culture 16, no. 2 (August 2017): 167–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470412916685743.
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This article develops the concept of ‘visionary infrastructure’, defined as infrastructure that provides visions of and begins to build more sustainable futures for local communities, through the case study of a solar-powered street lighting project in Highland Park, Michigan, near Detroit. After the local utility company repossessed most of the city’s streetlights, residents began building their own grassroots public lighting network. This infrastructure is visionary because it allows members of the largely African American community to determine precisely how their city is illuminated, and thus how seeing operates therein. By shifting control over the conditions of urban visuality from state and corporate officials to local residents, the lighting project intervenes in a long history of light on the street as a racialized tool of state surveillance and policing. And it shows how utility infrastructure can become a key site and mode of contemporary political resistance.
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Karczewska, Anna Maria. "From Bauhaus to Our House: Tom Wolfe contra modernist architecture." Świat i Słowo 34, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.3069.
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In his 1981 book-length essay From Bauhaus To Our House, Tom Wolfe not only presents a compact history of modernist architecture, devoting the pages to masters such as Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius or Ludwig Mies van der Rohe but also frontally attacks modern architecture and complains that a small group of architects took over control of people’s aesthetic choices. According to Wolfe, modern buildings wrought destruction on American cities, sweeping away their vitality and diversity in favour of the pure, abstract order of towers in a row. Modernist architects, on the other hand, saw the austere buildings of concrete, glass and steel as signposts of a new age, as the physical shelter for a new, utopian society. This article attempts to analyse Tom Wolfe’s selected criticisms of the modernist architecture presented in From Bauhaus to Our House. In order to understand Wolfe’s discontent with modernist architecture’s basic tenets of economic, social, and political conditions that prompted architects to pursue a modernist approach to design will be discussed.
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Szylvian, Kristin M. "Margaret Crawford, Building the Workingman's Paradise: The Design of American Company Towns. London and New York: Verso, 1995. viii + 248pp. 67 Illus. $60.00." Urban History 26, no. 3 (December 1999): 413–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926899370358.
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Annienkov, Ihor. "Cooperation with AEG in 1925–1928 as the first form of scientific-technical borrowings in the electric machine-building industry of the Ukrainian SSR." History of science and technology 10, no. 1(16) (June 5, 2020): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2020-10-1(16)-34-49.
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Scientific-technical borrowings are one of those types of scientific support for the work of industrial sectors, whose role in the conditions of exiting the crisis to acquiring the particular importance. Since the mid-1920s, they have become the main how of scientific support for the organization of the development of Ukrainian electric machine-building industry in the context of large-scale electrification of the country. That was due to the need for a quick withdrawal of this industry from the previous crisis in the absence in the Ukrainian SSR of its own scientific support system for the electric machine engineering. The first form of scientific-technical borrowings for the republican segment of the Soviet Union profile industry was the agreement between the State Electrotechnical Trust and the German electrotechnical company Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft on scientific-technical cooperation. The main objective of this act was to achieve at the lowest possible financial cost the fastest possible increase in productivity of the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant. To do this, it was supposed using the American technologies for the production of electrical machines but implemented them on German technological equipment. Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft was the company that already made such it at the beginning of the twentieth century using the technologies of the General Electric Company. Moreover, in the pre-Soviet period, it made an attempt to hold a similar act at the Kharkiv Electromechanical Plant, which it owned in this time; however it ended in failure due to the revolutionary upheavals that began in Ukraine. Thus, the agreement concluded with the German company was a continuation of the same actions, what itself had begun, but, already in new historical realities. That is, the Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft actions were copied by the Soviet government, however, adapted to the Soviet way of organizing industrial production. Despite the fundamental difference between the latter and the working conditions of the Allgemeine Elektricitäts Gesellschaft in Germany, the concentration of the parties precisely on the scientific and technical component of the project made it possible to achieve the expected result in full. However, at the same time, Ukrainian electric machine builders focused specifically on the speed of duplication of scientific-technical knowledge missed the opportunity to study the methodology for obtaining them. This became the reason that these scientific-technical borrowings did not become the proper basis for the formation of the scientific component of the scientific-technical potential of the domestic electric machine-building industry.
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Di Sabatino, Silvana, Laura S. Leo, Rosella Cataldo, Carlo Ratti, and Rex E. Britter. "Construction of Digital Elevation Models for a Southern European City and a Comparative Morphological Analysis with Respect to Northern European and North American Cities." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 7 (July 1, 2010): 1377–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2117.1.
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Abstract A morphometric analysis of a southern European city and the derivation of relevant fluid dynamical parameters for use in urban flow and dispersion models are explained in this paper. Calculated parameters are compared with building statistics that have already been computed for parts of three northern European and two North American cities. The aim of this comparison is to identify similarities and differences between several building configurations and city types, such as building packing density, compact versus sprawling neighborhoods, regular versus irregular street orientation, etc. A novel aspect of this work is the derivation and use of digital elevation models (DEMs) for parts of a southern European city. Another novel aspect is the DEMs’ construction methodology, which is low cost, low tech, and of simple implementation. Several building morphological parameters are calculated from the urban DEMs using image processing techniques. The correctness and robustness of these techniques have been verified through a series of sensitivity tests performed on both idealized building configurations, as well as on real case DEMs, which were derived using the methodology here. In addition, the planar and frontal area indices were calculated as a function of elevation. It is argued that those indices, estimated for neighborhoods of real cities, may be used instead of the detailed building geometry within urban canopy models as those indices together synthesize the geometric features of a city. The direct application of these results will facilitate the development of fast urban flow and dispersion models.
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PERCHARD, ANDREW. "This Thing Called Goodwill: The Reynolds Metals Company and Political Networking in Wartime America." Enterprise & Society 20, no. 4 (August 27, 2019): 1044–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2019.25.
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This article examines the Reynolds Metals Company’s political networking activities in Washington, D.C., and the state capitals of the U.S. South in the 1940s and 1950s. It argues that Reynolds’ astute recruitment of senior staff from federal and state governments, its adept building of elite networks in the legislative and executive branches, its judicious espousing of key political rhetoric (antitrust, regional development, national security), as well as its nurturing of Democratic circles in the South were crucial to their attainment of competitive advantage. This saw the company rise from being a new entrant in the U.S. primary aluminum production during World War II to the second-largest national producer by 1946 and a major global player by the mid-1950s. This same political networking was critical in maintaining that advantage after World War II in the face of competition from the Aluminum Company of America and the Canadian multinational Aluminium Company of Canada. Both “wartime” (covering the period from World War II and into the Cold War) and the legacy of government intervention (from the early twentieth century until the 1960s, including the New Deal) provided a fertile context for RMC’s business strategy. The company’s success owed much to founder Richard S. Reynolds Sr.’s acumen in hiring the right people, creating or joining the right networks, having the right social capital, as well as his experiences and connections accrued from working with his uncle, the noted tobacco magnate R. J. Reynolds. The article offers insights into the nature of U.S. business–government relations.
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Sebora, Terrence C., and Elina Ibrayeva. "Destination unknown: Duncan Aviation in a global economy." CASE Journal 11, no. 2 (April 2, 2015): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-03-2014-0020.
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Synopsis This case followed Todd Duncan, Chairman of Duncan Aviation, as he considered which international locations Europe, Latin America, or Asia were most important in positioning Duncan to benefit from continued internationalization of the maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) industry. The company had the option to hire Regional Managers to actively manage these areas, recruiting new customers and building relationships with existing ones. The case provides students with an opportunity to identify the core competencies of a company, and to recognize ways in which employee engagement contributes to Duncan's core competencies. Optionally, the case may be used to introduce students to Dunning's eclectic paradigm. Research methodology The research for this case was obtained from a combination of primary research, secondary research, and personal experiences. One of the research assistants for this case was employed at the company for over two years, and reflections thus obtained, supported with supplementary research, enriched and deepened the paper. Duncan's Debrief magazine and news releases were important secondary sources, in addition to industry web sites, industry journal articles, reference books, and newspaper articles. Relevant courses and levels This case is intended to be taught in undergraduate international business or marketing courses. Theoretical bases This case is an illustration of the complexity, and strategic importance, of considering whether, and how, to build customer relationships outside the firm's home country. Such decisions confront many companies facing increasingly global industry environments. The eclectic paradigm, developed by John Dunning, explains why companies expand and participate in international markets.
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G. Goncharuk, Anatoliy, and Maryna Getman. "Benchmarking to improve a strategy and marketing in pharmaceuticals." Benchmarking: An International Journal 21, no. 3 (April 29, 2014): 364–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-06-2012-0041.
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Purpose – The paper is devoted to benchmark strategic ideas, organizational culture, marketing business processes and key marketing performance measures of the pharmaceutical companies that operate on Ukrainian pharma market in order to determine the best practices and possibilities of their use for the purpose of improving performance outcomes of companies participating in the research. Design/methodology/approach – The AllFusion Process Modeler 7 software was used for processes modeling. The Balanced Scorecard Designer software was used to create balanced scorecard. The classifier of processes at pharmaceutical companies designed by American Productivity and Quality Center (APQC) was used when determining marketing processes and building process maps. A marketing analysis (value market share, share of voice, secondary sales dynamics and companies' market share growth dynamics) was carried out in order to estimate the efficiency of marketing process. Findings – The study showed that three pharmaceutical companies have different strategic aims, mission and vision. For the global companies, a strategic aim is “Market takeover”, while the local company tries just to retain its position on the market due to some historically prevailing conditions. The study showed that local company's management does not consider marketing as a driving force of the development and sales growth; that is why company lacks marketing culture and marketing department as such is substituted with sales and distribution department. The authors find the needs of structural changes in order to develop, yield profit and avoid acquisition by local pharmaceutical company using the better practice of the global companies. Research limitations/implications – The research is limited by a little number of companies (three) and one country market (Ukraine). Practical implications – The study includes practical recommendations focused on the improvement of financial indicators and profitability of the local pharmaceutical company with a use of benchmarking tools. They can be useful for the other local companies that try to compete with global pharmaceutical companies on the local markets. Originality/value – This paper adopts the various benchmarking tools to improve a strategy and marketing processes for pharmaceutical companies.
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Kogut, Clarice Secches, Renato Dourado Cotta de Mello, and Angela da Rocha. "International expansion for knowledge acquisition or knowledge acquisition for international expansion?" Multinational Business Review 28, no. 2 (October 14, 2019): 177–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbr-11-2018-0084.
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Purpose Starting from the knowledge-based view as a theoretical perspective, this study aims to examine how an emerging market multinational enterprise (EMMNE) engages in reverse knowledge transfer (RKT) processes and how such processes are managed by headquarters. Therefore, this paper captures the perspective of top management concerning RKT and the processes used to create, transfer and integrate knowledge. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a longitudinal design based on the case method of investigation. The case selected for the study was a Brazilian company theoretically sampled for being a domestically, regionally and globally important, information-rich company that operates in an industry in which technology plays a crucial role. The company was also selected for having had asset-seeking motives in at least some of its foreign market entries and for having successfully absorbed foreign-acquired capabilities. Findings The study provides counterfactual evidence to the springboard perspective, considering timing and speed of the internationalization and catch-up processes and the size of acquisitions. The study also highlights differences to other emerging market multinational enterprises, concerning the internationalization trajectory and catch-up moves, and to traditional MNEs, regarding RKT challenges and practices. Research limitations/implications The main limitations of the study relate to the case study method, which does not allow for statistical generalization, although it does support analytical generalization. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by shedding light on the process by which a Latin American multinational firm developed technological capabilities to compete globally, focusing on the symbiotic, self-nurturing relationship between internationalization processes and technology acquisition and integration processes. Moreover, the work provides novel theoretical insights regarding timing, location, size and execution of the RKT activities. Finally, the paper contributes to the understanding of the relational aspects of the RKT process by focusing on building human relationships as the major force behind knowledge integration and examining the resistance of the acquired companies from developed markets to adopt the parent company’s best practices, or to contribute to its integrated knowledge, when the parent company is an EMMNE.
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Lacko, Ivan. "FeArt and Dance-xiety in Nature Theater of Oklahoma’s Pursuit of Happiness: Artificiality, Authenticity and Fun as the Building Stones of a Hopeful Performative." Journal of Contemporary Drama in English 7, no. 1 (May 7, 2019): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jcde-2019-0009.
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Abstract Pursuit of Happinessis a 2017 co-production of the American group Nature Theater of Oklahoma and the Slovenia-based, multinational En-Knap dance company. The genre-defying production provocatively misleads the audience through the textual as well as performative aspects of the piece. From slapstick scenes, through dynamic dance movements, all the way to philosophically challenging perceptions about the nature of our reality, the play balances on the edge of timid expressions of existentialist angst, Baudrillardian overload of simulacra, and an attempt to address a mechanical reproduction of art (and life) reminiscent of Walter Benjamin.This contribution endeavours to present an analysis of Pursuit of Happiness as an explosive contemporary piece that portrays a disintegrating world, where fear and anxiety engulf people’s lives as suddenly as the play’s formal structure breaks and changes. Following Jill Dolan’s ruminations about “hopeful performatives”, the paper seeks to plot out a set of such performatives and narratives in the selected play, and to show how they function in the liminal combination of dance and drama, movement and performance, art and life, and how these narratives can become part of what Elliot Leffler and Michael Mellas call divergent dramaturgy.
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Ali, Souad T. "Sara Akbar." Hawwa 14, no. 2 (September 8, 2016): 207–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692086-12341298.
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The history and modernization of women’s rights and leadership in Kuwait is explored through an introspective from Engineer Sara Akbar, ceo of Kuwait Energy. Akbar gives detailed accounts of her brief history of work and life as a woman in leadership. Through a lengthy ethnographic research, I traveled to Kuwait City as a Fulbright Scholar at the American University of Kuwait (auk 2009–2010) and had my first interview with her at the Engineers Society building. In 2013, on our first study abroad program at auk, I invited Sara Akbar to give a lecture to my asu students as part of a Lecture Series I organized; then I had another interview with her in her office in the new premises of her company, Kuwait Energy in Salmiya. Akbar’s dialogue highlights her theoretical feminist framework for life in Kuwait. In addition to her recounts of oppression and struggle as a woman in her workforce, Sara Akbar gives a call to action for people in all social and occupational hierarchies, men, and women, in Kuwait to broaden their horizons for women in leadership.
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de Britto Pires, A. M., F. Lima Cruz Teixeira, H. N. Hastenreiter Filho, and S. R. Góes Oliveira. "The challenge of building effective hybrid organizations in Brazil." Journal on Chain and Network Science 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2013.x223.
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Since 1996, Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. – Petrobras, the biggest oil company in Latin America, has been supporting a programme for the design, customization, and implementation of tri-lateral collaborative arrangements called the Centres and Networks of Excellence (CNE) Programme, in areas which are critical to the company's competitiveness. This programme is aligned with the Open Innovation proposal, as it is designed to intensify the inflows and outflows of information and technology, from internal and external sources, in the RD&I activities of the participating organizations. This article presents qualitative research based on the case study of the Centre of Excellence (CE) in Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC), a hybrid organization which brings together oil companies, EPC companies, universities and technical schools, government entities, professional associations and industry bodies, in an effort to make the Brazilian EPC sector related to the oil and gas industry sustainable and competitive worldwide. The principal objective was to investigate the governance elements and managerial mechanisms that support or hinder collaboration among the parties. The work included the identification of collaborative activities within the organization and aspects of trust. Qualitative data was collected by means of in-depth interviews with staff and executive members of the CE-EPC. The case study highlighted the potential of the method to help set up hybrid collaborative initiatives among parties from different institutional spheres. However, the research identified some barriers to the full accomplishment of CNE. A weak culture of collaboration was the greatest difficulty found in the CE-EPC case. The lack of positive previous cooperation experiences together with a lifelong practice of market relations make it hard to get members to focus attention on a new work logic. Yet, despite the high asymmetry among members and the weak network culture, the results indicate that the CE-EPC has accomplished significant positive results in twenty months of operation and that its internal environment is supportive and favours the improvement and consolidation of the organization.
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Blaszczyk, Regina Lee. "Synthetics for the Shah: DuPont and the Challenges to Multinationals in 1970s Iran." Enterprise & Society 9, no. 4 (December 2008): 670–723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146722270000759x.
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In the 1960s and 1970s, the largest U.S. chemical firm, E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, established an international presence in synthetic fibers by building plants to make nylon, polyester, and acrylic in Latin America and Europe. DuPont managers also looked to the Middle East, specifically to Iran, which was fast industrializing under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. The Shah's pro-Western stance and his country's rich oil fields made Iran appealing to a petrochemical giant like DuPont, which used petroleum feed stocks to make fibers and other products. In the 1970s, DuPont partnered with the Behshahr Industrial Group, a conglomerate run by the Ledjavardi clan, one of Iran's leading families, to build a high-tech fiber facility that would help modernize the Iranian textile industry. The story of this short-lived joint venture, a victim of the Islamic Revolution, demonstrates the challenges to multinationals operating in imperial Iran, and shows how the daily experience of dealing with cultural differences often masked larger political and economic troubles.
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Brotman, Billie Ann. "The impact of corporate tax policy on sustainable retrofits." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 19, no. 1 (April 3, 2017): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-02-2016-0011.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether energy retrofits need to be directed by public policy intervention or can be encouraged through tax relief that harnesses profit incentives. Existing office space potentially has an economic life of 25 to 40 years. It may be operating inefficiently compared to newer buildings for many years. Designing a market-based incentive system that encourages periodic remodeling which lowers energy usage and carbon emissions would have social benefits. Design/methodology/approach An owner/user case study is developed to test financial feasibility. The empirical study uses publicly available information to examine whether the variables modeled react as anticipated. The regression model incorporates variables of importance to an owner/user. Tax credits and energy deductions, interest rates associated with borrowing and likely electricity and natural gas rate changes are independent variables used to predict the dependent variable new non-residential private construction spending. Findings Investment tax credits (ITCs) coupled with lending has a positive impact on new non-residential commercial construction spending. The value of these benefits is not sufficient to encourage total building energy retrofits, but would encourage low-cost system upgrades. The interest rates associated with borrowing and the debt-service coverage ratio need to be kept low for existing building energy retrofits to be stimulated. Practical implications The case study provides a template that a business can use to determine the financial feasibility of a proposed energy upgrade. It enables the comparison of the marginal cost associated with an update to the present value of the financial benefits likely to be generated. Local real estate tax reductions linked to specific energy upgrades offered by many municipalities can be added to the expected energy savings generated by doing the retrofit. Social implications Tax systems designed to solve environmental pollution problems do not require regulators, inspections or court case decisions and are inherently less intrusive to businesses. Coupling private financial incentives with public policy goals cause energy-saving technologies to be adopted more quickly and with less public outcry. Originality/value The paper specifically considers the factors that influence an owner/user of the property. Rental rates and vacancy losses do not influence a property owner/user. Prior studies looked at revenue enhancements and lower-vacancy rates possibly associated with a green compared to a non-green office building. These studies did not focus on the owner/user paradigm. They reported financial benefits accruing to property owners who lease the office building. Many retrofit studies tended to use CoStar Group’s data, which are collected by a for-profit company and sold to users. The data used in this study come from survey data collected by the Federal Government of the United States of America (USA). It is publicly available to all researchers.
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Hendron, Robert, Mark Eastment, Ed Hancock, Greg Barker, and Paul Reeves. "Evaluation of a High-Performance Solar Home in Loveland, Colorado." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 129, no. 2 (August 8, 2006): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2710248.
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Building America (BA) partner McStain Neighborhoods built the Discovery House in Loveland, CO, with an extensive package of energy-efficient features, including a high-performance envelope, efficient mechanical systems, a solar water heater integrated with the space-heating system, a heat-recovery ventilator (HRV), and ENERGY STAR appliances. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Building Science Consortium conducted short-term field-testing and building energy simulations to evaluate the performance of the house. These evaluations are utilized by BA to improve future prototype designs and to identify critical research needs. The Discovery House building envelope and ducts were very tight under normal operating conditions. The HRV provided fresh air at a rate of about 35L∕s(75cfm), consistent with the recommendations of ASHRAE Standard 62.2. The solar hot water system is expected to meet the bulk of the domestic hot water (DHW) load (>83%), but only about 12% of the space-heating load. DOE-2.2 simulations predict whole-house source energy savings of 54% compared to the BA Benchmark (Hendron, R., 2005 NREL Report No. 37529, NREL, Golden, CO). The largest contributors to energy savings beyond McStain’s standard practice are the solar water heater, HRV, improved air distribution, high-efficiency boiler, and compact fluorescent lighting package.
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Obolenska, Tatiana, Inna Shatarska, and Yegor Shevtsov. "The use of the “Rational” system of global marketing communications in management of international enterprises." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 3 (July 17, 2019): 14–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(3).2019.02.
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The modern system of global marketing communications is not ideal, that is why management of international enterprises needs to use creativity in their attempts to predict the results of the marketing activities. They often fail in forecasting, because specialists do not have necessary practical models and data. The article deals with the questions of developing a model of the “rational” system of global marketing communications, which will be ready for the implementation into managerial processes of the Ukrainian firms. The model in the research is based on one-factor and multi-factor equations with calculations on the example of the well-known American company Nike, which works in the segment of apparel and footwear industry and can be a bright example of building a strong marketing communication strategy. Methods of linear and polynomial trends, smoothing average and exponential smoothing were used for the development of the proposed model. The examination of the correlation between global income, costs on marketing communication activities of the international company and index of satisfaction by this enterprise on the market in the frames of the econometric model’s work showed the dependency, which can become a basis for future analysis. The invented model of the “rational” system of global marketing communications shows how managers can calculate the resultativity of specific marketing instruments, which they plan to accept as appropriate. Different indicators can be used in forecasting the effects of global marketing communications on the performance of international enterprises. The article shows that the more indicators are used in the model, the more accurate is the result.
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Valenti, Michael. "Detroit, We Are Here!" Mechanical Engineering 123, no. 02 (February 1, 2001): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2001-feb-9.
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Automakers are using French-born manufacturing software to improve the machining and assembly of their vehicles. Carmakers use ILOG software to determine the order of building vehicles that will optimize production, maximizing return on investment. A more recent French software entrant in the Detroit area is ILOG, which opened a sales and technical support office in Southfield, Michigan, in May 2000, to serve the US automotive market. Delmia Corp.’s, a French company, labs in Troy, Paris, Montreal, Stuttgart, and Bangalore, India, customize software services to design, simulate, optimize, and control production activities, which account for up to 80 percent of the cost of manufactured goods. Delmia adapted three of its proprietary software tools to form the core software of the V-Comm Project. The Delmia Assembly Module enables users to evaluate alternative sequences of assembly to achieve the optimal lean solution. Toyota engineers working in V-Comm rooms at 20 Toyota locations in Japan, Europe, and North America use the Delmia software to create virtual prototypes that are projected on large screens, and to observe the visual data in three dimensions.
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Pavlova, O., and I. Oliinyk. "Integral management of the competitiveness level of agricultural machine-building enterprises products." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 69, no. 2 (2021): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.02.110.
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Under the conditions of strengthening competition for each enterprise, preserving and increasing the competitiveness of production is an integral and necessary attribute of the successful modern company. It is proved that the determining condition for the success of management decisions to strengthen products' competitive position in the markets is an objective and timely quantitative assessment of the competitiveness of products. It is determined that the quantitative assessment of the complex indicator of the level of product competitiveness should be carried out on the basis of the integrated indicator of product competitiveness. The analysis of the level of competitiveness of agricultural machinery products is carried out on the example of sprayers. The investigation is carried out on the example of products of one of the largest agricultural machinery enterprises in Ukraine, JSC «Elvorti». According to the results of calculations of the sprayers competitiveness, the conclusion about the competitiveness of the presented model of Tetis 24 sprayer (JSC «Ellvorti») in comparison with analogs: sprayers UX5200 Amazone (Germany), 840 John Deere (USA) 3000 Hardi Navigator (Denmark) and OPK-24 (PJSC «Boguslav Agricultural Machinery») on a certain segment is made. The carried out analysis showed that Tetis 24 sprayer is not competitive with Amazone and John Deere sprayers. At the same time, it is less advantageous to compare the competitiveness of the domestic sprayer with the American model. Compared with sprayers manufactured by PJSC Boguslavska Silhosptekhnika and Hardi Navigator, the sprayer manufactured by JSC Elvorti is competitive. The obtained result can be explained by the low level of solvency of consumers of a certain segment, who have relatively low requirements for quality, service, and marketing promotion of the sprayer. The analysis results make it possible for domestic manufacturers to carry out controlled process of managing the level of products competitiveness depending on the characteristics of its implementation in the market. Increasing the level of product competitiveness will ensure optimal and efficient use of available resources of the enterprise, will allow the most effective planning of marketing activities to enter new markets, increase service, due to the complete meeting the consumers demands.
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Aponte-García, Maribel, and Karen Orengo-Serra. "Building a Strategic Trade and Industrial Policy for Puerto Rico in the Context of Colonial Exclusion and Lack of a Development Strategy." Latin American Perspectives 47, no. 3 (April 17, 2020): 30–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x20911447.
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Given Puerto Rico’s colonial exclusion from Latin American and Caribbean regionalism and its ruling parties’ disregard for stimulating an industrial base of small and medium-sized local enterprises rather than U.S. multinational corporations, Puerto Rico needs to construct new pathways to inclusive socioeconomic development. One approach is articulating strategic and industrial policies to stimulate these enterprises from below by promoting value chains focused on exports or export potential. A proposed systematization draws on the experience gained in a project carried out under an agreement between the University of Puerto Rico and Puerto Rico’s Trade and Export Company to generate strategic export plans and map value chains for small and medium-sized enterprises. Dada la exclusión colonial de Puerto Rico del regionalismo latinoamericano y caribeño y el desprecio de sus partidos gobernantes por estimular una base industrial de pequeñas y medianas empresas locales en lugar de corporaciones multinacionales estadounidenses, Puerto Rico necesita construir nuevas vías hacia el desarrollo socioeconómico inclusivo. Un enfoque es articular políticas estratégicas e industriales para estimular a estas empresas desde abajo mediante la promoción de cadenas de valor centradas en las exportaciones o el potencial de exportación. La sistematización propuesta se basa en la experiencia adquirida en un proyecto llevado a cabo en virtud de un acuerdo entre la Universidad de Puerto Rico y la Compañía de Comercio y Exportación de Puerto Rico para generar planes estratégicos de exportación y mapear cadenas de valor para pequeñas y medianas empresas.