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Journal articles on the topic 'American Cars'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Goldstein, Judith. "Ideas, institutions, and American trade policy." International Organization 42, no. 1 (1988): 179–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300007177.

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Nowhere is America's hegemonic decline more evident than in changing trade patterns. The United States trade balance, a measure of the international demand for American goods, is suffering historic deficits. Lowered demand for American goods has led to the under-utilization of both labor and capital in a growing number of traditionally competitive American industries. Conversely, Americans' taste for foreign goods has never been so great. Japanese cars, European steel, Third World textiles, to name a few, are as well produced as their American counterparts and arrive on the U.S. market at a lower cost.

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2

Peters, Mario. "Automobilität in Lateinamerika – eine historiographische Analyse." Anuario de Historia de América Latina 56 (December 20, 2019): 369–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/jbla.56.152.

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Although car-ownership matters to many Latin Americans and cars are nearly omnipresent in daily life in Latin American societies, very little is known about important aspects of the social and cultural histories of automobility in Latin America. However, in the last ten years, several historians have begun to approach the meanings of automobility in Latin American countries. This trend is closely connected to recent developments and new approaches in the international research on mobility, the latter of which I discuss in the first part of this essay. To proceed, I analyze the state of the art on the history of automobility in Latin America, focusing on the following aspects: the emergence of early Latin American car cultures, car and traffic-related social conflicts, and road building. In the last part I ponder on the question of how future studies might advance the state of research on automobility and offer new perspectives on central themes in Latin American history.Although car-ownership matters to many Latin Americans and cars are nearly omnipresent in daily life in Latin American societies, very little is known about important aspects of the social and cultural histories of automobility in Latin America. However, in the last ten years, several historians have begun to approach the meanings of automobility in Latin American countries. This trend is closely connected to recent developments and new approaches in the international research on mobility, the latter of which I discuss in the first part of this essay. To proceed, I analyze the state of the art on the history of automobility in Latin America, focusing on the following aspects: the emergence of early Latin American car cultures, car and traffic-related social conflicts, and road building. In the last part I ponder on the question of how future studies might advance the state of research on automobility and offer new perspectives on central themes in Latin American history.

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3

Ladd, Brian. "Review Essay: Cars and the American City." Journal of Urban History 35, no. 5 (July 2009): 777–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144209336582.

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4

Wright, Lloyd. "Latin American busways: moving people rather than cars." Natural Resources Forum 25, no. 2 (May 2001): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.2001.tb00754.x.

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5

Bohren, Lenora. "Cars, Cultures, and Cures@: Environmental Education For K-12." Practicing Anthropology 23, no. 3 (July 1, 2001): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.23.3.2414g0622p388602.

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My role as an environmental anthropologist has allowed me to work in many national and international settings. With an interest in culture, technology and the environment, I have focused on environmental issues concerning air pollution and climate change. I have worked with the USEPA managing national surveys and on projects on the US/Mexico border. Most recently, I have worked with the City of Fort Collins, Colorado in an effort to develop an environmental education course that can be delivered to junior high/middle school (preferably 9th grade) students. The purpose of this course is to heighten awareness of personal responsibility as it relates to the automobile and the environment within the context of the American Culture. As an anthropologist, my role was to help the students gain an understanding of the "American Car Culture" and to see how their attitudes and actions reflect their culture and effect their environment. I did this by developing a slide presentation that introduced the concept of the "culture" of the car in America and by including the use of anthropological methods in student assignments assessing attitudes and actions toward the car.

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6

Tharp, Julie. "“Fine Ponies”: Cars in American Indian Film and Literature." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 24, no. 3 (January 1, 2000): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicr.24.3.907088u548275078.

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7

Janssen, Volker. "Policing the Open Road: How Cars Transformed American Freedom." Journal of American History 107, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaaa207.

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8

Rhody, Jim D., and Thomas Li-Ping Tang. "Learning from Japanese Transplants and American Corporations." Public Personnel Management 24, no. 1 (March 1995): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609502400102.

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In the past ten years, many Japanese manufacturers, especially automobile manufacturers, have opened plants in the United States. The Japanese have, in that time, increased their market share from one in five to nearly one in three cars that Americans drive. There are clear differences in Japanese and American business practices in the areas of organizational culture, leadership style, selection, training, employee attitudes, job satisfaction, and quality. American businesses must understand these differences and realize the most effective and efficient approach to produce goods and services that will fit in with our culture. The lessons we have learned from Japanese transplants and American corporations may have important implications to managers in public personnel management.

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9

Osteen, Mark. "Noir's Cars: Automobility and Amoral Space in American Film Noir." Journal of Popular Film and Television 35, no. 4 (January 2008): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/jpft.35.4.183-192.

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10

Tedlow, Richard S., and Reed E. Hundt. "Cars and Carnage: Safety and Hazard on the American Road." Journal of Policy History 4, no. 4 (October 1992): 435–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600007028.

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11

Alvarez, Luis. "Lowrider space: aesthetics and politics of Mexican American custom cars." Social & Cultural Geography 16, no. 1 (September 17, 2014): 122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649365.2014.927266.

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12

Sheehan, Rebecca. "Biker Boys, Muscle Cars, Hollywood Men." Film Studies 21, no. 1 (November 2019): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/fs.21.0006.

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This article examines how the ironic construction of queer masculinity from biker culture, a realm of consumer fetishism and hetero-masculinity, in Kenneth Anger’s Scorpio Rising (1964), influences Nicolas Winding Refn’s 2011 film Drive. As Anger’s film appropriates pop-culture images and icons of biker culture, fetishes of post-Second World War American masculinity, Refn uses overt references to Anger’s film to wage a similar reappropriation of muscle car culture, in the process challenging contemporary images of heterosexual masculinity in Drive. Like Anger, Refn relies upon the dynamics of fetishism and postmodernism’s illumination of the distance between sign and object to subvert muscle cars’ associations with masculine violence and rivalry, mobilising them instead to exploit the inherent multivocality of the fetishised object, seizing the car (and its mobility) as a getaway vehicle to escape prescriptions of identity and limiting definitions of gender and sexuality.

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13

Makarova, I. V., and D. Z. Nikolishvili. "Problems and Trends in Promoting Japanese Automotive Products on World Markets." World of new economy 15, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2021-15-1-75-81.

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This paper presents a study of the international car market; analysis of the development of automotive markets in Europe and Russia’s national car market; a review of the global car market; and international trading activity in the car market. Japan’s automotive industry is signifiantly developed with Toyota as one of the world’s leaders. Also, in addition to cars, Japanese companies are among the leaders in the production of motorcycles and engines for cars participating in sports races. Japanese legislation encourages the production and sale of cars with high environmental friendliness, hybrid and electric cars. This step allows companies to focus their production on a new class of cars, which helps Japanese companies outstrip European and American cars of the future. However, cars’ air pollution is relevant for Japan since the state subsidizes automakers and consumers, reducing taxes and supporting companies that switch to hybrid vehicles.

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14

Ristroph, Alice. "What Is Remembered." Michigan Law Review, no. 118.6 (2020): 1157. http://dx.doi.org/10.36644/mlr.118.6.what.

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15

Oliver, Wesley M. "Sarah Seo, Policing the Open Road: How Cars Transformed American Freedom." University of Toronto Law Journal 70, no. 4 (August 2020): 592–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/utlj.2019-0104.

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16

Wilde, Mark, and John H. White. "The Great Yellow Fleet: A History of American Railroad Refrigerator Cars." Technology and Culture 29, no. 2 (April 1988): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105547.

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17

HARTNELL, ANNA. "When Cars Become Churches: Jesmyn Ward's Disenchanted America. An Interview." Journal of American Studies 50, no. 1 (December 8, 2015): 205–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875815001966.

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This interview with Jesmyn Ward, conducted in November 2013, takes as its starting point the publication of her memoir, Men We Reaped. It explores the role of her writing in the context of Hurricane Katrina, the US South, African American culture and identity, and new trends in twenty-first-century US writing.

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18

Morris, David Z. "Cars with the Boom: Identity and Territory in American Postwar Automobile Sound." Technology and Culture 55, no. 2 (2014): 326–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2014.0059.

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19

Seiler, Cotten. "Sarah A. Seo. Policing the Open Road: How Cars Transformed American Freedom." American Historical Review 125, no. 5 (December 2020): 1906–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz1087.

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20

CROWNSHAW, RICHARD. "Agency and Environment in the Work of Jesmyn Ward Response to Anna Hartnell, “When Cars Become Churches”." Journal of American Studies 50, no. 1 (December 8, 2015): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875815001887.

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Throughout this interview, Jesmyn Ward emphasizes the humanity of her fictional and nonfictional subjects – subjects whose humanity has been eviscerated by what has been characterized as the postwar, neoliberal shift in American politics and economics. The socioeconomic and political neglect of African Americans was, of course, demonstrable in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, revealing the structural racism that had often resided in the US's political unconscious. Ward's emphasis on the ideas of survival and renewal – a “savage” resilience of humanity in its most precarious state – offers a corrective to the proclivities of some critical theory deployed in the framing of Hurricane Katrina's victims and the longer history of suffering they represented. For examples, theories of biopolitics used to conceptualize the ways in which African American life has been removed from the protections of citizenship and state sovereignty do run the risk of universalization. A transhistorical version of that life, consistent from slavery to the present day, might emerge from such theory, indistinct from examples of “bare” lives rendered by states of emergency beyond the US and across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, as Giorgio Agamben might describe such life. In other words, theory risks a process of re-othering and a suspension of historical agency. Anna Hartnell finds in Ward's work the resonance of the jeremiad, and so narratives that are structured by the possibility of the redemption of historical experience – future-oriented narratives. These are narratives that represent the negotiation of historical conditions, not utter submission to them, and following Hartnell's reference they are aptly framed by Henry Giroux's reconceptualization of biopolitical life and the limits of American democracy.

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21

Merkisz, Jerzy, Jacek Pielecha, and Adam Pachołek. "Directions of on Board Diagnostic System Development in Passenger Cars." Journal of Konbin 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10040-008-0017-7.

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Directions of on Board Diagnostic System Development in Passenger Cars The paper contains basic pieces of information about the on board diagnostic system, American and European law requirements. Admissible ranges of toxical emission, that this diagnostic system should detect (separately for vehicles with petrol and diesel engines) have been presented. The main idea shown in the article is to presented directions of regulations changes in subject on board diagnostic system. Possibilities of development of this system using in passenger cars (i.e. making a new date bases of mistakes, broke downs and law requirements - the OASIS system and introducing of telemetric systems) are also concerned.

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22

Sattar, Syed A., Kathryn E. Wright, Bahram Zargar, Joseph R. Rubino, and M. Khalid Ijaz. "Airborne Infectious Agents and Other Pollutants in Automobiles for Domestic Use: Potential Health Impacts and Approaches to Risk Mitigation." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1548326.

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The world total of passenger cars is expected to go from the current one billion to >2.5 billion by 2050. Cars for domestic use account for ~74% of the world’s yearly production of motorized vehicles. In North America, ~80% of the commuters use their own car with another 5.6% travelling as passengers. With the current life-expectancy of 78.6 years, the average North American spends 4.3 years driving a car! This equates to driving 101 minutes/day with a lifetime driving distance of nearly 1.3 million km inside the confined and often shared space of the car with exposure to a mix of potentially harmful pathogens, allergens, endotoxins, particulates, and volatile organics. Such risks may increase in proportion to the unprecedented upsurge in the numbers of family cars globally. Though new technologies may reduce the levels of air pollution from car exhausts and other sources, they are unlikely to impact our in-car exposure to pathogens. Can commercial in-car air decontamination devices reduce the risk from airborne infections and other pollutants? We lack scientifically rigorous protocols to verify the claims of such devices. Here we discuss the essentials of a customized aerobiology facility and test protocols to assess such devices under field-relevant conditions.

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23

Smyth, Jacqui. "Getaway Cars and Broken Homes: Searching for the American Dream "Anywhere but Here"." Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies 20, no. 2 (1999): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3347018.

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24

Walsh, Margaret. "Gender and Automobility: Selling Cars to American Women after the Second World War." Journal of Macromarketing 31, no. 1 (August 16, 2010): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276146710376195.

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25

Miller, Crystine. "Lowrider space: Aesthetics and politics of Mexican American custom cars by Ben Chappell." Latino Studies 12, no. 1 (March 2014): 160–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/lst.2014.13.

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26

Nygard, Travis. "Lowrider Space: Aesthetics and Politics of Mexican American Custom Cars by Ben Chappell." American Studies 53, no. 2 (2014): 187–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ams.2014.0067.

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27

Lévy Mangin, Jean-Pierre, Jaime de Pablo Valenciano, and Tamás Michal Koplyay. "Modeling Distribution Channel Dynamics of North American Cars in the Spanish Automobile Industry." International Advances in Economic Research 15, no. 2 (March 13, 2009): 186–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11294-009-9203-1.

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28

Norton, Peter. "Policing the Open Road: How Cars Transformed American Freedom by Sarah A. Seo." Technology and Culture 62, no. 2 (2021): 614–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2021.0097.

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29

Huang, Qian, Rashid Gabdulhakov, and Daniel Trottier. "Online scrutiny of people with nice cars: A comparative analysis of Chinese, Russian, and Anglo-American outrage." Global Media and China 5, no. 3 (April 9, 2020): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436420901818.

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Connected by platforms and equipped with mobile recording devices, social media users are able to conduct near-constant mutual scrutiny. Such mediated scrutiny sometimes escalates to public denunciations online and even mediated or embodied interventions. A recurring theme of such scrutiny can be observed not only on Chinese social media but also on platforms in Russia and elsewhere, in which hostility is openly expressed towards people with nice cars (i.e. late model, luxury, foreign vehicles). In these cases, nice cars are not merely a fact provided by participants in their denunciations; they also serve as an implication of the privileges the owners might possess. By juxtaposing cases in China against other socio-political contexts, the research intends to achieve a better understanding of how and why nice cars are rendered meaningful by participants via mediated scrutiny on social media in China and beyond. The research collects and analyses relevant social media discourses on platforms including Sina Weibo (China), YouTube (Russia), and Facebook (United Kingdom; Australia; United States). Comparing and contrasting cases in different countries, the research demonstrates various forms of critical and populist sentiments that are shaped by unique socio-cultural and political contexts.

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Beuving, Joost. "American cars in Cotonou: culture in African entrepreneurship and the making of a globalising trade." Journal of Modern African Studies 53, no. 3 (August 10, 2015): 317–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x15000373.

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ABSTRACTTraders in Cotonou (Bénin), a prominent hub in the Euro–West African second-hand car trade, traditionally sold cars imported from Europe. Since the 2000s however, more and more cars are being imported from the US. Anthropological study of one group of entrepreneurs active in this new business, traders from Niger, reveals an African entrepreneurship at work that follows a distinct social pattern: traders are groomed in close kinship ties in West Africa and then develop new social ties with overseas migrants. Their trade thus becomes embedded in more globalised networks, yet at the same time it loosens and that works against profitable business. Close analysis of their careers reveals a cultural pattern that compels entrepreneurs to become traders, economic opportunity notwithstanding. Whether this is representative of Africa's changing place in the global economic order remains to be seen; however, this article suggests how culture in entrepreneurship may be key to understanding that.

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31

Clark, Gregory. "The Agrarian History of England and Wales. Volume VII, 1850–1914. Edited by E. J. T. Collins. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Pp. xl, 2277. $295.00." Journal of Economic History 61, no. 4 (December 2001): 1110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050701005563.

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Excess, we learned as children in Glasgow, was the defining characteristic of Americans: big country, big cars, food served by the bucket, big talk, Texas, CGE models. Eccentricity identified the English: bird watching, Bovril, train spotting, the Archers, bus spotting, Women's Institute Teas, the standard-of-living debate. This book represents an interesting merger of all that is American with all that is English. With 2,317 pages devoted to English agrarian history between 1850 and 1914, completed 44 years after the series was initiated, and published only after the deaths of two of the principal authors, it screams American-style excess. But the loving care devoted to duck decoys, the Large Black Pig Society, Church of England music, sand dunes, malaria, Cupiss's Constitution Balls, golf courses, agrarian utopianism, ruderal [sic] habitats, the Rational Dress Society, and much, much more betrays an endearing eccentricity that could only be English.

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32

Zhang, Huai Ge. "Experience of Automobile Industry Development in Japan and its Implication to China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2719.

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This paper studied the experience of Japanese cars went beyond American, according to the development of independent brand auto ,interposed the strategies of strengthening technical innovation of independent brand automobile, attaching weight to product quality of independent brand auto, and further adjusting automobile industrial policy with Chinese characteristics.

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33

YAMASHITA, TSUYOSHI. "Special issue "The feeling". Evaluation for interior sound quality of automobiles. Interior sounds of compact passenger cars and sports cars; Comparison between Japanese and American." NIPPON GOMU KYOKAISHI 63, no. 3 (1990): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2324/gomu.63.122.

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34

Vedeneev, A. V., Yu L. Bobarikin, and V. P. Zalewski. "Analysis of the development of consumption and production of steel cord." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 2 (August 9, 2019): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2019-2-48-59.

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Dynamics of development of sales of cars in the world is considered. The steady growth of car sales in the period 2013–2018 was determined. It is determined that in just nine months of 2018, 71 153 025 cars were registered in the world, which is 1.7% more than in the nine months of 2017, and according to the data of the ASEAN (European Association of car manufacturers), 11 951 957 cars were registered in the automotive market of the European Union countries in the nine months of 2018 in the EU, which is 2.5% more than in the same period of 2017. It is determined that despite some decline in production in Japan, South Korea, the rest of the traditional car manufacturers in Europe and North America show a steady pace of development, built and planned construction of new modern production of automotive equipment mainly in the Asian and South American regions. Analysis of the development of metal cord production showed that it is expected to increase investment in the production of metal cord with a planned increase in production by 22% until 2022. At the same time, the greatest growth should fall on passenger and lightcargo tires. Due to the increasing competition in the metal cord market, the development of the latter is in the direction of highstrength structures. The transition to a high-strength metal cord attracts the possibility of reducing the weight of tires, increasing their mobility and reducing the cost per unit weight of the metal cord with an equally strong replacement of structures in tires.

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35

Qian, Guogang, Tieqiang Fu, and Long Sun. "Research on the fuel consumption conservation potential of ADAS on passenger cars." E3S Web of Conferences 268 (2021): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126801035.

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Under the trend of automobile electrification, network connection, and intelligence, EU and USA have carried out fuel-saving research and initiatives on ADAS and CAV. The eCoMove project has aimed at economically optimal driving control and traffic management; MAVEN discusses the technical path of GLOSA (Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory) and ecological auto-driving EAD (Eco-Autonomous Driving) by smoothing the vehicle speed. The American NEXTCAR project contains multiple projects. When supplemented with DSF (Dynamic Skip Fire) and 48V technology, the road test led by Ohio State University resulted in a 15% fuel saving rate. Platoon and optimizing intersection signal lights can offer vehicles a more fuel-efficient condition; slope energy utilization, HEV SOC active management, cold storage evaporator, coasting, 48V and mDSF (miller cycle Dynamic Skip Fire) fuel-saving potential has been fully utilized.

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Childress, Micah. "LIFE BEYOND THE BIG TOP: AFRICAN AMERICAN AND FEMALE CIRCUSFOLK, 1860–1920." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 15, no. 2 (June 19, 2015): 176–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781415000250.

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At the turn of the twentieth century, most Americans celebrated the arrival of a circus. Circus Day had become a local holiday that brought together ethnicities, races, and classes (of both genders) that did not usually assemble at the same place and time. Within the circus itself, however, race and gender provided boundaries and fostered acrimony. The racism and segregation of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries could be found aboard any circus train and throughout every show lot. African Americans were relegated to certain jobs, segregated within those jobs, and usually paid less than their white counterparts. The show's scheduled route often took them into areas in which they experienced the racial volatility typical of the era. Although the public perception of circus employment often produced thoughts of travel and fun adventures, African American circusfolk endured harsh treatment, low pay, and vile racism.For African Americans, the work environment at a circus reflected the national social atmosphere, but female circus employees encountered conditions that most other women were not afforded. Indeed, female employees were confined to one or two train cars and lived under specific rules about when (or even if) they could entertain guests. Yet circus employment provided women with the ability to leave the restraints of the home during the height of Victorian domesticity, as well as the even rarer opportunity to outearn their male counterparts. Moreover, employment under the big top gave circuswomen a public platform to advocate for suffrage.

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Wishnoebroto, Wishnoebroto. "Chevy Corvette: Icon Of American Life In The Fifties." Lingua Cultura 1, no. 2 (November 30, 2007): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v1i2.317.

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Cars not only function simply as a mean of transportation. Like paintings, the design of a car could represent a certain cultural and social phenomenon of a country. The design of Chevrolet (Chevy) Corvette is very different compared to its competitors in the 50s. The size, engine, weight, and the materials of this car were chosen based on the assumption that speed and agility is on top of everything. It was not surprising that in the 50s, the year when the first Corvette was designed and launched, The US was involved in a cold war with the Soviets. Arm race and competition to be the first was the major issue and Corvette was the first car that suggests this spirit. This paper tries to show the distinctiveness of Corvette and how it can be used to explain the character of American people in the fifties.

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38

WHALAN, MARK. "Jean Toomer, Technology, and Race." Journal of American Studies 36, no. 3 (December 2002): 459–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875802006916.

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The close relationship between machine technology and the literature of American modernism has long been acknowledged. Indeed, it is hard to imagine Fitzgerald's work without its hyper-materialised cars (and metaphysically potent car crashes), or Dos Passos's USA without the representational possibilities of the camera eye. Other writers in the 1920s had equally famous fascinations with what cultural producers and critics often abstracted into the concept of “the machine”; William Carlos Williams described poetry as being “machines made of words,” and Hart Crane used one of the triumphs of American engineering, the Brooklyn Bridge, as the organising metaphor and structuring principle of his poem The Bridge, identifying his theme as “the conquest of space and knowledge.”1 Of course, writers' fascination with how machinery or technological innovation was effecting social change had not begun with modernism. Yet often goaded by the speed of innovation in the visual arts, some American modernist writers responded to what Cecelia Tichi has called a “gears-and-girders” world by rethinking their relation to time, space, communication and economy with an unprecedented radicalism. And in the 1920s – a decade which saw more cars in Manhattan than in the whole of Britain, Lindbergh's pioneering flight across the Atlantic, and the USA move decisively ahead of Europe in industrial productivity – this rethinking had a particularly pressing urgency. Jean Toomer was one of the writers who participated in this exercise, engaging with European art movements such as Dadaism and Futurism and their proposals for new relations between machine design and literary aesthetics.

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39

Cater, Samantha. "Riding in cars as girls: discourses of victimhood, power and agency in Beneath Clouds and American Honey." Studies in Australasian Cinema 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17503175.2019.1578190.

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40

Diadechko, A. "The Reflection of the Era of the “Roaring Twenties“ in the F.S.Fitzgerald’s Novel «The Great Gatsby»." Fìlologìčnì traktati 12, no. 2 (2020): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/ftrk.2020.12(2)-1.

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The article deals with the portraying “Roaring Twenties” which marked a legendary and unprecedented period in the history of American society. Though this era goes back to the beginning of the 20th century, it has never stopped arousing deep common interest because of its uniqueness. Having been abundantly reflected in numerous pieces of art and literature, “Roaring Twenties”, synonymously named “The Jazz Age”, go on provoking public discussion and reevaluation. If viewed in literary terms, this epoch is certainly linked with the name of Francis Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940) and with his best known novel “The Great Gatsby” filmed five times. The writer is considered to be one of the best chronicler of the American 1920s. Fitzgerald’s masterpiece had embodied many symbols and icons of America which travelled though one hundred years and still feature contemporary society. The articles attempts to outline extra-lingual information and data that shape the temporal and cultural background of the novel. It aims at providing the readers with sufficient additional information that may significantly enlarge on the novel context grasping. It proposes a detailed description and interpretation of symbols and markers of the American 1920s which typically feature “Roaring Twenties” and the ways they are projected onto Fitzgerald’s story. In particular, the focus is made on American Dream doctrine, New York of the 1920s, the conflict between “the old money” and “the new money”, feminism and fashion, alcohol and crime, music, cars. Some parallels between the author’s life story and his characters are also specified.

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Kovic, Christine. "Jumping from A Moving Train: Risk, Migration and Rights at NAFTA's Southern Border." Practicing Anthropology 30, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.30.2.322h537x62451722.

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July 2007. Hundreds of Central American migrants were camped along the railway tracks in Arriaga, Chiapas waiting to for the freight train to leave. Some were eating, perhaps their last food for days, others had bottles of water tied across their shoulders, some attempted to rest under the train cars to escape the hot sun. One young man brushed his teeth under the trees, using the water he carried in a recycled coca-cola bottle, to prepare himself for the journey ahead. Arriaga, a town of 25,000 people, is split in half by the train tracks. The town's tiny plaza, with a small playground, fondas (eateries), and a railway museum, sits on one side of the tracks. The town's church and market lie on the other. These Central American migrants in Arriaga, some 150 miles from Mexico's southern border with Guatemala, were eager to jump the freight train to continue their journey north to the United States. The train had not left Arriaga for a full week and many were desperate as they felt trapped. Their preparations underscored the dangers and harshness of the trip. They would have to hold on to the train for hours and days at a time, riding on ladders and the roofs of tank cars. Those who fall asleep and lose their grip risk death or severe injury, such as dismemberment.

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Goosey, Emma, and Stuart Harrad. "Perfluoroalkyl compounds in dust from Asian, Australian, European, and North American homes and UK cars, classrooms, and offices." Environment International 37, no. 1 (January 2011): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2010.08.001.

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Johnson, Janet Elise. "Unwilling Participant Observation among Russian Siloviki and the Good-Enough Field Researcher." PS: Political Science & Politics 42, no. 02 (April 2009): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096509090647.

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In 1999, on a trip to Russia to study gender violence, I was sitting in on a special training at a Moscow police academy. In between jokes about the impossibility of prostitutes getting raped, the cops-in-training could not stop focusing on me, the one American and one of three women in a rowdy room. For example, one man loudly asked me whether all Americans had cars and followed up with a comment that, of course we did, because this is where “you” (meaning me) would have sex. The training on rape and sexual harassment that I had come to observe had come to a halt because the new police were so intent on making sexual jokes. These comments felt even more threatening than they might otherwise because, a few days before, I had been picked up by the Russian police, shoved into a police car with several drunken officers, and driven around Moscow until I offered a bribe.

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Velicu, Radu, Radu Saulescu, and Mihai Tiberiu Lates. "The Influence of the Bush-Bushes Pocket Geometry on the Bush Contact Angle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 880 (March 2018): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.880.15.

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The chain drive transmissions are used mainly in the automotive industry as distribution transmissions in cars. In the specific literature, the kinematics and the dynamic analysis problems are accomplished depending on the European and American standards. The contact between the chain’s bush and the chain wheel is influencing the transmissions dynamics and is influenced directly by its geometry. According to these, the paper presents the influence of the chain wheel’s geometry on the contact angle which depends on the point’s position where the normal and transversal forces are acting.

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Bryan Bademan, R. "“Monkeying with the Bible”: Edgar J. Goodspeed's American Translation." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 16, no. 1 (2006): 55–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.2006.16.1.55.

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AbstractDevotion to the Bible remains an underappreciated aspect of American religious life partly because it fails to generate controversy. This essay opens a window onto America's relationship with the Bible by exploring a controversial moment in the history of the Bible in America: the public reception of University of Chicago professor Edgar J. Goodspeed's American Translation (1923). Initially, at least, most Americans flatly rejected Goodspeed's impeccably credentialed attempt to cast the language of the Bible in contemporary “American” English. Accusations of the professor's irreligion, bad taste, vulgarity, and crass modernity emerged from nearly every quarter of the Protestant establishment (with the exception of some card-carrying theological modernists), testifying to a widespread but unexplored attachment to the notion of a traditional Bible in the early twentieth century. By examining this barrage of reaction, “Monkeying with the Bible” argues that Protestants, along with some others in 1920s America, believed that traditional biblical language was among the forces that helped stabilize the development of American civilization.

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Mohl, Raymond A. "The Interstates and the Cities: The U.S. Department of Transportation and the Freeway Revolt, 1966–1973." Journal of Policy History 20, no. 2 (April 2008): 193–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jph.0.0014.

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When construction began on the urban expressways of the new Interstate Highway System in the late 1950s, homes, businesses, schools, and churches began to fall before bulldozers and wrecking crews. Entire neighborhoods, as well as parks, historic districts, and environmentally sensitive areas, were slated for demolition to make way for new expressways. Highway builders leveled central city areas where few people had cars so that automobile owners from other places could drive to and through the city on the big, new roads. As one analyst of postwar America put it: “The desire of the car owner to take his car wherever he went no matter what the social cost drove the Interstate Highway System, with all the force and lethal effect of a dagger, into the heart of the American city.” In response, citizen activists in many cities challenged the routing decisions made by state and federal highway engineers. This Freeway Revolt found its first expression in San Francisco in the late 1950s, and eventually spread across urban America. By the late 1960s, freeway fighters began to win a few battles, as some urban expressways were postponed, cancelled, or shift ed to alternative route corridors.

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Peck, Gunther. "Divided Loyalties: Immigrant Padrones and the Evolution of Industrial Paternalism in North America." International Labor and Working-Class History 53 (1998): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547900013661.

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When industrialist John D. Rockefeller visited the new open-pit mining operation of his competitor, Daniel J. Guggenheim, in Bingham Canyon, Utah, in 1910, he declared with genuine envy and admiration,“it's the greatest industrial sight in the whole world.” What most impressed Rockefeller were the massive steam shovels that had revolutionized the process of copper extraction by enabling firms to mine and smelt tons of previously worthless low-grade copper ore. Equally impressive was the fact that, where skilled American miners had very recently toiled underground in search of rich veins of copper, unskilled immigrants now worked aboveground, loading tons of newly blasted copper ore onto train cars. Rockefeller was not alone in expressing wonder at this new man-made marvel. Hundreds of sight-seeing tourists also traveled to the mine by train each week to experience the thrill of industrial America's newfound ability to move mountains. Like Rockefeller, they saw nothing but progress and modernity in the great open-pit mine.

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Agarwal, Dr Varsha. "Foreign Exchange Market and the Asset Approach." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37956.

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Abstract: Exchange rates play a central role in international trade because they allow us to compare the prices of goods and services produced in different countries. A consumer deciding which of two American cars to buy must compare their dollar prices. Households and firms use exchange rates to translate foreign prices into domestic cur-rency terms. Once the money prices of domestic goods and imports have been expressed in terms of the same currency, households and firms can compute the relative prices that affect international trade flows. Keywords: Foreign Exchange, Exchange Rate, International Trade, Foreign Currency, FOREX Rate, Assets Approach.

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Easa, Said M., and Essam Dabbour. "Design radius requirements for simple horizontal curves on three-dimensional alignments." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 6 (December 1, 2003): 1022–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l03-022.

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Current North American design guides have established mathematical relationships to calculate the minimum radius required for horizontal curves as a function of design speed, maximum superelevation, and maximum side friction. For three-dimensional (3-D) alignments, the design guides consider the alignment as two separate horizontal and vertical alignments and consequently ignore the effect of vertical alignment. This paper evaluates the effect of vertical alignment on minimum radius requirements using computer simulation, with a focus on trucks. For 3-D alignments, the results showed that existing design guidelines for minimum radius need to be increased by as much as 20% to achieve the same comfort limit on flat horizontal curves. It is interesting to note that in some cases truck rollover occurred before the side-friction comfort level is reached. This indicates the need for developing a different design control for trucks on 3-D alignments than the comfort criterion used for passenger cars on flat horizontal curves. Based on the simulation results, mathematical models for design radius requirements for passenger cars and trucks were developed.Key words: geometric design, horizontal curve radius, three-dimensional alignments, vehicle stability.

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Rakoczy, Anna M., Duane E. Otter, and Stephen M. Dick. "Analytical and Measured Effects of Short and Heavy Rail Cars on Railway Bridges in the USA." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 3126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073126.

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The overall number of railcars recorded in the North American railcar fleet from 2010 to 2015 increased about 5%; the number of all 130 tonne (286,000 lb) gross weight railcars (heavy axle load (HAL) railcars) increased 19%. The increase in shipments in short railcars increases the loading on railway bridges, especially the 12.8-m railcars, commonly used to ship sand and cement, which is approximately a 25% increase in load per unit length compared to 16.2-m coal cars. Significant differences between maximum effects of shorter railcars and common 16.2-m railcars were predicted in analysis for bridge spans longer than 18.3 m. The differences were more prominent on spans 24.4 m and longer. This study presents analytical and measured effects of freight railcars on a two-span truss bridge, with spans of 61 m and 33.5 m, and a 35-m riveted steel deck plate girder (DPG) bridge. The investigation confirmed that short railcars cause higher load effects on main bridge components: the 35-m riveted steel DPG has 28% higher stresses at mid-span, while in the truss, the difference in stresses depends on the location of the member and ranges from 15 to 35%.

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