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Blenau, Wolfgang, Cathleen Rotte, Christian Krach, Sabine Balfanz, Arnd Baumann, and Bernd Walz. "Molecular characterization and localization of the first tyramine receptor of the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana)." Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/texte_eingeschraenkt_verlag/2010/4433/.
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The phenolamines octopamine and tyramine control, regulate, and modulate many physiological and behavioral processes in invertebrates. Vertebrates possess only small amounts of both substances, and thus, octopamine and tyramine, together with other biogenic amines, are referred to as “trace amines.” Biogenic amines evoke cellular responses by activating G-protein-coupled receptors. We have isolated a complementary DNA (cDNA) that encodes a biogenic amine receptor from the American cockroach Periplaneta americana, viz., Peatyr1, which shares high sequence similarity to members of the invertebrate tyramine-receptor family. The PeaTYR1 receptor was stably expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells, and its ligand response has been examined. Receptor activation with tyramine reduces adenylyl cyclase activity in a dose-dependent manner (EC50 350 nM). The inhibitory effect of tyramine is abolished by co-incubation with either yohimbine or chlorpromazine. Receptor expression has been investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry. The mRNA is present in various tissues including brain, salivary glands, midgut, Malpighian tubules, and leg muscles. The effect of tyramine on salivary gland acinar cells has been investigated by intracellular recordings, which have revealed excitatory presynaptic actions of tyramine. This study marks the first comprehensive molecular, pharmacological, and functional characterization of a tyramine receptor in the cockroach.
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Usher, C. Anthony. "Exploring the contributions of John G. Jackson to African historiography." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1994. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1353.
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This thesis offers a comprehensive examination of the intellectual contributions of John Glover Jackson, an African American historian. Jackson, similiar to many other African American scholars, is self trained in the field of African history. This self training is a crucial element in this presentation for it is an attempt to present the autodidact's efforts and contributions as valid. This attempt reviews the archeological, anthropological, and cultural evidence presented by Jackson relating to his interpretations of man, God, and civilization.
The methodology utilized in this research consists mainly of examining secondary data. Primary materials include interviews, video recordings, and recorded lectures. Critiques of the scholarly content of these materials are included in the assessment of Jackson's work. Iconographic, linguistic and ethnological evidence will be presented as interpreted by Jackson.
The findings demonstrate that Jackson's contributions were virtually ignored. The reasons for this disregard are several. The dissenting nature of his presentation, his atheist reasoning and his lack of diplomacy contributed to his neglect.
The results of this study carry wide reaching implications in the different fields of historical research. An Important finding, for example, is that formal university training is not an absolute prerequisite in the writing of history. Of greater significance is the evidence presented and the integrity of the historian's scholarship. The autodidact and the formally trained scholar have much to offer historiography. Neither can be ignored if honest scholastic advancements is intended. This exploring of the contributions of the self taught scholar, John G. Jackson, attempts to support such a conclusion.
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Schrag, Mitzi. "Rei(g)ning mediums : spiritualism and social controls in 19th-century American literature /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9321.
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Peterson, Tamalyn. "An Examination of Secrecy in Twentieth-Century African American Literature." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/110.
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This dissertation examines the legacy of secrecy, silences, and the unspoken in twentieth century African American literary texts. Using a range of texts representing various eras within the genre of African American literature, this dissertation contends that secrecy is a trope and may be attributed to inherited, maintained traditional practices from West and West Central Africa. Having read a number of African American texts and connecting my personal experiences with these works, I noticed a pattern of withheld discourse throughout.
Most notably, Leslie Lewis’s Telling Narratives posits a reason for this trope by examining earlier narratives, specifically nineteenth-century African American texts. She argues the master/slave relationship as the prevailing reason for the secretive motif. Yet, traditional and cultural practices noted in early African publications demonstrate that Africans were keeping secrets prior to their diasporic scatterings. By examining early West African-derived works, as well as nineteenth-century African American texts, I ground my position that secrecy as we see it evolves from or relates to early signifying and language manipulations, particular to African-derived people. Thus, the early works connect sustained homeland ties to the literature that follows, providing an explanation for the secrecy reflected in African American literature.
This study highlights three types of secrets: identity, family, and sexual, all of which are interrelated and, out of one, the other type may result. The texts that best demonstrate these silences are James Weldon Johnson’s The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man and Nella Larsen’s Passing; James Baldwin’s Go Tell It on the Mountain and Alice Walker’s The Color Purple; and Gayl Jones’s Corregidora and Lalita Tademy’s Cane River. Each text group corresponds with a secret type.
Overall, this dissertation challenges the notion that secrecy as a trope in African American literature limits itself to the master/slave relationship in the United States. The previously mentioned texts highlight a direct link to West and West Central African traditions maintained after the Middle Passage. Hence, these preserved homeland customs, including secrecy, are reflected in twentieth-century African American literature.
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Neumann, Brian Fisher. "Pershing's right hand : General James G. Harbord and the American Expeditionary Forces in the First World War /." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2006. http://handle.tamu.edu/1969.1/4424.
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Ullyatt, Gisela. ""Bride of Amazement" : a Buddhist perspective on Mary Oliver's poetry / G. Ullyatt." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9710.
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The thesis undertakes a Buddhist reading of Mary Oliver’s oeuvre. It seeks to fill a palpable lacuna in extant criticism of her work, which tends to adopt Romantic, Feminist, Ecocritical, and Christian viewpoints. Thus far, no criticism has offered a sustained reading of her work from a specifically Buddhist stance.
The thesis is structured in five chapters. The introductory chapter is followed by a literature review. The next three chapters are devoted to the Buddhist themes of Mindfulness, Interconnection, and Impermanence respectively. Each chapter opens with detailed consideration of its respective theme before moving on to the analysis and amplification of poems pertinent to it. In addition, the main Buddhist theme of each chapter is subdivided into its component sub-themes or corollaries.
The main methodological approach to Oliver’s poetry comprises explication de texte as this makes provision for detailed readings of the texts themselves. Furthermore, this approach has been adopted because it allows for in-depth exploration of Oliver’s literary devices, three notable examples of which are anaphora, adéquation, and correspondence. In the course of the discussion, reference is also made to the influence of Imagism and, more specifically, the Japanese haiku tradition insofar as they impact on her poetry. This discussion is intended to give some indication of Oliver’s place within the American poetic tradition.
The predominant subject-matter of her corpus is an all-encompassing view of the natural world with its birth-life-decay-death cycle. She does not flinch from addressing the harsh and violent aspects of nature as well as its exuberance and beauty. Her unifying topos is being the bride of amazement as witness to the natural world. For her readers, this witnessing translates into an inner, potentially transformative process, ultimately integrating mind and heart.
The thesis concludes with a list of references and a glossary of the Buddhist terms.Thesis (PhD (English))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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McMaster, Ann Michelle M. "The Butler Institute of American Art: Pro Bono Publico." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1437661274.
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Faykosh, Joseph. "The front porch of the American people James Cox and the presidential election of 1920 /." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1256750068.
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Davis, Aaron K. "American Protestants and U.S. Foreign Policy toward the Soviet Union during the Eisenhower Administration: Billy Graham, Reinhold Niebuhr, and G. Bromley Oxnam." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35407.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of History
Robert D. Linder
This dissertation considers American Protestant perceptions of U.S. foreign policy directed toward Soviet Union during the Dwight D. Eisenhower presidency (1953-1961). The question of what a culture dominated by Protestant denominations thought of its global adversary has not yet been sufficiently explored by scholars of either American religious history or diplomatic history. Most scholars who deal with the intersection of religion and foreign policy during the Eisenhower Administration tend to accentuate the close relationship that existed between government policy and general religious attitudes. That is to say, a general, widespread Protestant support of foreign policy objectives stands as the prevailing interpretation. Most historians conclude that America’s Protestant church leaders—preachers, pastors, and bishops—either actively supported government foreign policy objectives or sought to insert their own stances into existing policy. More recently, historians have published monographs that further explore Protestant Christianity with regard to foreign policy in the 1950s. By acknowledging the different strands of Protestant Christianity, scholars have raised significant questions that have heretofore gone unanswered. The primary question is the one that this dissertation seeks to answer—how widespread was American Protestant denunciation of communism and, simultaneously, how broad was American Protestant support for foreign policy objectives? Billy Graham, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Garfield Bromley Oxnam represent the three most prominent representatives of Protestant Christianity’s three major strands. These three acknowledged opinion makers that serve as the focus of this dissertation were not uniform in their perspectives of U.S. foreign policy, yet they all denounced communism and—to a degree—supported America’s efforts to combat the Soviet Union’s sphere of influence throughout the course of the Eisenhower Administration (1953-1961). This conclusion helps explain the tremendous perseverance of containment as a strategy by attributing its success, in part, to the large, Protestant body of supporters that continued to sustain and encourage Washington’s policies directed toward the Soviet Union.
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B, Martin Valérie. "Reassessing history : Native American narratives in Kentucky tourism." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33139.
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Dans toutes les sociétés, les rapports de pouvoir qui existent ont une grande influence sur les dynamiques de mémoire. Le colonialisme anglais et américain, et plus précisément les politiques de relocalisation comme l’Indian Removal Act (1830) ont eu un fort impact sur la présence autochtone dans le paysage culturel du Sud-est des États-Unis. La production de la mémoire collective à travers la commémoration, l’éducation et le tourisme sont un reflet de ces rapports de pouvoir. Elle démontre aussi quels évènements du passé définissent le présent. Ce mémoire de maîtrise tente de comprendre comment les récits de la présence autochtone au Kentucky sont inscrits dans le paysage culturel de l'état. Le Kentucky détient un riche passé précolonial encore visible sur le territoire. Plusieurs artefacts témoignent de l’occupation millénaire du Kentucky par des nations autochtones. Toutefois, selon l’histoire dominante du Kentucky, le territoire n’était pas occupé au moment des premiers contacts. La contradiction entre ce mythe et les preuves archéologiques qui se retrouvent dans le paysage a été peu étudiée. Ce mythe continue de servir de base pour, entre-autres, l’éducation et le tourisme et encourage une image fausse de la présence autochtone au Kentucky. Les moyens utilisés par le pouvoir colonial américain pour tenter d’effacer la présence autochtone aux États-Unis vont au-delà de la violence des politiques de relocalisation et d’assimilation. En effet, des moyens plus subtils, comme la commémoration et les mythes, ont permis à la culture dominante de se réapproprier le territoire à travers la mémoire. Quels sont les facteurs qui ont permis de créer et qui aident à maintenir un écart entre l'histoire dominante du Kentucky et les preuves archéologiques? Quelles représentations matérielles dans le paysage culturel du Kentucky définissent cet écart? Le tourisme patrimonial au Kentucky sera l'élément central de cette analyse.In all societies, power dynamics greatly influence memory. British and American colonialism, and relocation policies, like the Indian Removal Act (1830), had a strong impact on Native American presence in the cultural landscape of the Southeast United States. The production of collective memory through commemoration, tourism and education is a reflection of the power relations within society. It also shows which events in the past still define the present. This master’s thesis seeks to understand how narratives of the past influence today’s narratives about Native Americans in Kentucky, as well as how these narratives are inscribed in the cultural landscape of the state. Kentucky holds a rich pre-colonial history that is still visible on the landscape. Many artifacts can be found on the land and bear witness to the long-standing Native American presence in Kentucky. However, according to Kentucky’s dominant history, the territory was ''empty'' at the time of first contact. The contradiction that exists between this myth and the abundance of archaeological evidence, and the way it is translated into the cultural landscape, has seldom been studied. This myth provides the basis for, among other things, education and tourism, and promotes an inaccurate image of the Native presence in Kentucky, which contributes to keeping Native American identities in the past. The colonial means used to erase Native American presence in the United States went further than the violence of the federal policies of assimilation and relocation. Subtler methods, like commemoration and myths, have allowed the dominant culture to claim the land through memory. What are the factors that have created and helped to maintain the gap between Kentucky’s dominant interpretation of history and archaeological fact? What material representations on the cultural landscape of Kentucky are most evident of the gap? Heritage tourism will be the focus of this analysis.
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Kossak, Benjamin J. "Jack Spicer and the Phenomenology of Meaning." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1212172211.
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McCabe, Christie Renee. "A novel antibody based capture matrix utilizing human serum albumin and streptococcal Protein G to increase capture efficiency of bacteria." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002811.
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Harrison, Dominique N. A. "Emotional Appeals in Nonprofit Advertising: A Rhetorical Analysis of Print Ads by the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation and the American Cancer Society." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3774.
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Emotional appeals are frequently employed in strategic messaging by nonprofit organizations. In this study, I identify instances of emotional appeals in select print adverts of the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation and the American Cancer Society, and use rhetorical analysis to explore how each organization’s tactics are strategic in their appeal to target audiences’ emotions. In doing so, I identify several reoccurring emotional themes—including hope, love, and unity—that engage their target audiences and persuade them to respond to diverse calls-to-action. In order to make these appeals to audience emotion, the adverts employ rhetorical devices such as personification, metaphor, repetition, and imagery. Rhetorical analysis of the two organizations’ strategic messaging suggests that their calls-to-action, at least in print adverts, rely heavily on appeals to audience emotion. Taken together, the data suggest that previous efforts made by these nonprofits have been proven successful.
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Pennington, Amanda Renee. "Effects of G-CSF on Monocytes and Neurons: in vitro and in vivo studies in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4201.
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G-CSF is routinely used to treat neutropenia/leukopenia or to increase hematopoietic stem cell generation in bone marrow donors. G-CSF and its receptor, G-CSFR, are produced by various cell types both in the peripheral circulation and within brain. As a consequence, exogenous administration of G-CSF results in a broad spectrum of effects involving hematopoietic, immune and central nervous systems.
G-CSF administration in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has revealed both cognitive benefits and disease modifying effects: a) decreased Aβ plaque burden, b) increased microgliosis, c) increased neurogenesis and d) improved performance in radial arm water maze (RAWM). In clinical studies, G-CSF plasma levels were found to be lower in patients with early AD in comparison to healthy age matched controls. A course of G-CSF administration in humans is known to increase levels of circulating hematopoietic stem cells (CD34 cells), monocytes and neutrophils in patients with neutropenia and when administered to patients with AD, there is also a similar increase in absolute monocyte count, CD34 cells and total neutrophils. The extent to which the beneficial effects of G-CSF in AD depend on monocyte infiltration into CNS, compared to direct neurotrophic actions of G-CSF on the CNS, is not known.
The overall goal of this study was to investigate and understand the effects of G-CSF in an AD mouse model, but more specifically to distinguish the actions of G-CSF that affect the peripheral monocyte population from the direct actions on CNS. The first approach was to examine in vitro effects of G-CSF within a monocytic cell line (THP-1) and a neuronal cell line (SH-SY5Y). The second approach was to study effects of G-CSF on infiltration of bone marrow-derived cells into the brain by utilizing a chimeric GFP+ APP/PS1 AD mouse model. The third approach was to assess the effects of G-CSF on hippocampal neurogenesis in both a wild-type and AD mouse model.
Comparison of the monocytic and neuronal cell lines showed a) G-CSF interacts with its cognate receptor with different binding kinetics and with a greater affinity for the monocyte G-CSFR, b) the number of G-CSF receptors in neurons is greater than in monocytes, and c) the anti-apoptotic response in neurons occurs at lower concentrations of G-CSF than in monocytes. Various concentrations of G-CSF increased proliferation of both the monocytic and neuronal cell line in vitro. G-CSF did not improve migratory properties of the monocytic cell line, either adhesiveness or migration through a membrane.
In vivo G-CSF treatment (250μg/kg s.c. qod for 2 ½ weeks) in both the AD chimeric and non-chimeric AD mice resulted in increased microgliosis and decreased amyloid plaque burden in the hippocampus. In the chimeric AD mice, G-CSF treatment did not increase infiltration of GFP+ bone marrow derived cells (BMDC) into brain parenchyma and did not increase adhesion to microvasculature. In the non-chimeric AD mice there was improvement of neurogenesis to non-transgenic levels after G-CSF treatment and an increase in synaptogenesis in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.
The effects of G-CSF on the endogeneous microglial population are most likely responsible for the increase in microgliosis, as no significant increase of BMDC infiltration into the brain parenchyma was found in vivo. The enhanced proliferation and improved viability of the neuronal cell line after G-CSF treatment may explain the improvement in neurogenesis and significant increase in synaptogenesis seen in the AD mouse model. The actions of G-CSF on neural stem/progenitor cells to stimulate hippocampal neurogenesis and to enhance resident microglial capacity to decrease amyloid burden are the most likely mechanisms responsible for the behavioral improvement seen in the AD mouse model.
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Morrissey, Natalie Noel. "Identifying Breast Cancer Disparities in the African-American Community Using a Mixed Methods Approach." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849721/.
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Utilizing a mixed methods approach in assessing cities and metropolitan areas with the highest rates of breast cancer disparities in African-American communities, this study presents the Affiliate perspective of the Susan G. Komen non-profit organization in combination with available socioeconomic data and academic literature. Analyzed through an anthropological lens, qualitative and quantitative data illuminate the lived experiences and dynamic circumstances in which breast cancer disparities are disproportionately experienced in 21 of the nation’s populations of African-Americans. Two main recommendations arose from this research: prioritization of granting to activities such as patient navigation, usage of patient narrative messaging, community-based participatory research methods of program development and implementation, mobile mammography delivery, usage of lay health educators, and self-advocacy education to alleviate barriers to healthcare and supplementation of the current educational activities of the Komen Affiliates through program sharing and leverage of current assets with consideration of current Affiliate capacity. These recommendations may help in alleviating breast cancer disparities present in African-American communities with the highest levels of disparities in the nation.
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Herrera, Yelenis. "Modulation of ASIC1a Function by Sigma-1 Receptors: Physiological and Pathophysiological Implications." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://digital.lib.usf.edu/?e14.2855.
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Ahmad, Asad Ali. "Surface Functionalization and Analysis Thereof for an Ovarian Cancer Diagnostic Biosensor." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2977.
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Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women in United States and has an alarming 1.4% (1 in 71) lifetime risk. The lack of overt symptoms and the absence of a reliable screening test to detect ovarian cancer result in over 70% of women being diagnosed after the disease has spread beyond the ovary resulting in a poor prognosis. A key characteristic of ovarian cancer is the ability of tumor cells to evade apoptosis, or programmed cell death contributing to the limitless replicative potential, which is a hallmark of all carcinogenesis. There is conclusive evidence that levels of bcl-2 are elevated in ovarian cancer patients' indication that this protein is an ovarian cancer biomarker. The overall goal of this thesis is to functionalize a substrate for specific, sensitive and cost-effective bcl-2 capture. This surface will ultimately be incorporated into an acoustic wave-based diagnostic device for worldwide point-of-care (POC) ovarian cancer detection.
This research looks to assess the capture of this analyte protein on a series of bioconjugated surfaces. For the research to be diagnostically applicable, certain factors reveal themselves as more important than others. Since the surface-bound capture antibody must recognize the bcl-2 protein, it is vital to ensure upright orientation of this specific antibody with high affinity for the analyte. Furthermore once integrated with a nanosensor, the surface will sense a change in the mass on the surface, which requires that the surface is highly resistant to non-specific binding. Bioconjugation techniques were employed to initiate self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of silanes, immobilize antibodies (via amine-crosslinking or direct adsorption of protein A/G) and disperse polyethylene glycol (PEG) reagents to reduce non-specific binding on the glass substrates. 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTMS) and chlorodimethyloctylsilane (ODMS) were deposited on the surface to create initial hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties on which molecular self-assembly could occur. Testing a variety of assemblies with and without the presence of silanes, amine-crosslinking and PEGylation reagents, the substrate displaying the highest efficacy of bcl-2 capture was revealed. These various surfaces were assessed through contact angle and a novel sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for sensitivity and specificity of bcl-2 standard capture.
The consistently low background and facile assembly of the ODMS based substrate with direct adsorption of protein A/G and the PEGylation reagent, Pluronic, was deemed the best functionalized surface for non-specific recruitment of the bcl-2 protein. The substrate also consistently displayed low signal-to-noise ratio which was of extreme importance in this research to guarantee the prevention of false-positive results when detecting nascent carcinogenic behavior. Elucidation of this substrate assembly is the first step towards the long term objective of this thesis, which is to construct a cost-effective early ovarian cancer detection device which can be implemented at the point-of-care to those who need it the most. This is ultimately expected to dramatically improve health outcomes for females worldwide.
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Ditze, Stephan-Alexander. "America and the Americans in postwar British fiction an imagological study of selected novels." Heidelberg Winter, 2004. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2849617&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Boyd, Timothy David. "The Novel Use of Recombinant Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) to Reverse Cerebral Amyloidosis and Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Models: Insights from the Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis as a Negative Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3571.
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For many years, it has been known that Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a negative risk factor for the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It has been commonly assumed that RA patients’ usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have helped prevent the onset and progression of AD pathogenesis. Furthermore, experiments in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease have looked to inhibit inflammation, and have demonstrated some efficacy against AD-like pathology in these models. Thus many NSAID clinical trials have been performed over the years, but all have proven unsuccessful in AD patients. This suggests that intrinsic factors within RA pathogenesis itself may underlie RA’s protective effect.
My dissertation research goal was to investigate this inverse relationship between RA and AD, in order to more precisely pinpoint critical events in AD pathogenesis toward developing therapeutic strategies against AD. It seemed improbable that any secreted factors, produced in RA pathogenesis, could maintain high enough concentrations in the circulatory system to cross the blood brain barrier and inhibit AD pathogenesis, without affecting all other organ systems. It did seem possible that the leukocyte populations induced in RA, could traverse the circulatory system, extravasate into the brain parenchyma, and impede or reverse AD pathogenesis. We thus investigated the colony-stimulating factors, which are up-regulated in RA and which induce most of RA’s leukocytosis, on the pathology and behavior of transgenic AD mice. We found that G-CSF and more significantly, GM-CSF, reduced amyloidosis throughout the treated brain hemisphere one week following bolus intrahippocampal administration into AD mice. We then found that 20 days of subcutaneous injections of GM-CSF (the most amyloid-reducing CSF in the bolus experiment) significantly reduced brain amyloidosis and completely reversed cognitive impairment in aged cognitively-impaired AD mice, while increasing hippocampal synaptic area and microglial density. These findings, along with two decades of accrued safety data using Leukine, the recombinant human GM-CSF analogue, in elderly leukopenic patients, suggested that Leukine should be tested as a treatment to reverse cerebral amyloid pathology and cognitive impairment in AD patients. It was also implied that age-related depressed hematopoiesis may contribute to AD pathogenesis.
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Liuzzo, Rossella. "El “archipiélago” que se repite: la repetición creadora en Tres tristes tigres de G. Cabrera Infante y La guaracha del Macho Camacho de L.R. Sánchez." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667054.
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La investigación que se propone aspira a demostrar la pertinencia de la categoría de la repetición en el abordaje crítico de las novelas Tres tristes tigres (1967) del cubano Guillermo Cabrera Infante y La guaracha del Macho Camacho (1976) del puertorriqueño Luis Rafael Sánchez. La hipótesis de trabajo que se formula está orientada a demostrar que la repetición, en su acepción contemporánea de repetición diferenciadora y descentrante, constituye un mecanismo estructurador que sobredetermina los distintos niveles del mensaje literario. Utilizada, sobre todo, como herramienta hermenéutica, a través del estudio de las varias formas de repetición se intentará arrojar luz sobre la sistemática y corrosiva deconstrucción de las identidades simbólicas llevada a cabo por la estética contemporánea, a través del juego entre mismidad y alteridad. Con base en lo expuesto, un ulterior objetivo del trabajo es emprender un acercamiento a la narrativa caribeña desde horizontes conceptuales que no son estrictamente literarios, para seguir, en cambio, algunos de los planteamientos de la filosofía contemporánea.
La investigación se articula en tres bloques: en el primer capítulo se perfila conceptual e históricamente la idea de repetición que vertebra y sustenta la investigación. Sin pretensión alguna de exhaustividad, pero ahondando lo suficiente en el corpus filosófico elegido, en este espacio se proporcionan los paradigmas conceptuales de referencia necesarios para acotar esta intuición filosófica tan primordial y, a la vez, abarcadora de un vastísimo espectro de significaciones subyacentes.
El segundo capítulo aborda la repetición en Tres tristes tigres (1967) a partir dos principios fundamentales de la repetición neobarroca: la variación organizada y el dialogismo intertextual. Por lo que se refiere al primero ellos, se analiza la doble modalidad que adquiere el juego de oscilaciones entre lo que se repite y lo que difiere: la variación de un idéntico y la identidad de varios diversos. Mientras que, en realción con el segundo principio, se exploran aquellas configuraciones discursivas en las que el engranaje reiterativo subsume ciertas operaciones intertextuales a través de las cuales se injertan y transforman una serie de hipotextos, cuyas huellas siguen leyéndose en filigrana. El objetivo principal es demostrar que el orden de una obra caótica como TTT, lejos de ser un a priori, constituye un fieri, en el que el “sentido” es constantemente “producido en” y “desplazado por” la repetición.
En el tercer capítulo se indaga el valor de la repetición en La guaracha del Macho Camacho, siguiendo un recorrido hermenéutico que se despliega por tres distintas vertientes interpretativas. En
primer lugar se aborda el estudio de la repetición a nivel lingüístico en tanto característica del invasivo discurso radiofónico típico de las sociedades de masas. En segundo lugar se indaga en la repetición como mecanismo fundamental de lo kitsch en tanto «ideologema de la copia»: así entendida, diseña una nueva arena de negociación de las instancias sociales que, en La guaracha, quedan excluidas de cualquier tratamiento documental. En fin, se explora la relación entre el imaginario generado y transmitido por los medios masivos y el mecanismo que J. Butler define como «iteración performativa identitaria», en tanto repetición de gestos performativos –o performances– que, reiterados y estilizados en el espacio exterior del cuerpo, estructuran y moldean la identidad.The proposed research aims to demonstrate the relevance of the category of repetition in the critical approach of the novels Tres tristes tigres (1967) by Cuban Guillermo Cabrera Infante and La guaracha del Macho Camacho (1976) by Puerto Rican Luis Rafael Sánchez. The working hypothesis that is formulated aims to demonstrate that repetition, in its contemporary meaning of differentiating and decentralizing repetition, acts as a structuring mechanism that overdetermines the different levels of the literary message. . Through the study of the various forms of repetition, used primarily as a hermeneutic tool, an attempt will be made to shed light on the systematic and corrosive deconstruction of symbolic identities, carried out by contemporary aesthetics through the game between sameness and alterity. Based on the above, a further objective of the work is to undertake an approach to the Caribbean narrative from conceptual horizons that are not strictly literary but taken instead from contemporary philosophy. The research is divided into three blocks: in the first chapter, the idea of repetition that structures and sustains research is presented in its conceptual and historical significance. Without claiming to be exhaustive, but delving deeply into the chosen philosophical corpus, this space provides the conceptual paradigms of reference necessary to trace the boundaries of the proposed philosophical intuition. The latter is in fact both primordial and, at the same time, encompassing a vast spectrum of underlying meanings. The second chapter deals with the repetition in Tres tristes tigres (1967) based on two fundamental principles of neo-baroque repetition: organized variation and intertextual dialogism. With regard to the first one, the double modality acquired by the game of oscillations between what is repeated and what differs is analyzed: the variation of an identical one and the identity of several different ones. Whereas, in conjunction with the second principle, those discursive configurations are explored in which the reiterative gear subsumes certain intertextual operations through which a series of hypotexts are grafted and transformed, whose footprints continue to be read in filigree. The main objective is to demonstrate that the order of a chaotic work like TTT, far from being an a priori one, constitutes a fieri, in which the "sense" is constantly "produced in" and "displaced by" repetition. In the third chapter, the value of repetition is investigated in La guaracha del Macho Camacho, following a hermeneutical route that unfolds through three different interpretive aspects. In the first place, the study of repetition at the linguistic level is considered as a characteristic of the invasive radiophonic speech, typical of mass societies. Secondly, repetition is explored as a fundamental mechanism of kitsch as "ideologema de la copia": thus understood, it designs a new arena for negotiation of social instances that, in La Guaracha, are excluded from any documentary treatment. Finally, we explore the relationship between the imaginary generated and transmitted by the mass media and the mechanism that J. Butler defines as "performative identity iteration": a repetition of performative gestures -or performances- that, repeated and stylized in space outside of the body, structure and shape the identity.
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Haynes, Steven L. "Alternative Vision: The United States, Latin America, and the League of Nations during the Republican Ascendancy." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1353120620.
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Makkos, Joseph. "Recursive Loops." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2006. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/357.
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Troppmann, Britta. "Klonierung und Charakterisierung aminerger Rezeptoren der Amerikanischen Schabe Periplaneta americana." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3661/.
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Biogene Amine sind kleine organische Verbindungen, die sowohl bei Vertebraten als auch bei Invertebraten als Neurotransmitter, Neuromodulatoren und/oder Neurohormone wirken. Sie bilden eine bedeutende Gruppe von Botenstoffen und entfalten ihre Wirkungen vornehmlich über die Bindung an G-Protein-gekoppelte Rezeptoren.
Bei Insekten wurde eine Vielzahl von Wirkungen biogener Amine beschrieben. Das führte schon frühzeitig zur Vermutung, dass Insekten (u. a. Invertebraten) wie die Wirbeltiere ein diverses Repertoire an aminergen Rezeptoren besitzen. Für ein umfassendes Verständnis der komplexen physiologischen Wirkungen biogener Amine fehlten jedoch wichtige Informationen über die molekulare Identität der entsprechenden Rezeptorproteine und ihrer pharmakologischen Eigenschaften, ihre Lokalisation und ihre intrazellulären Reaktionspartner. Viele bei Schaben gut untersuchte (neuro)physiologische Prozesse sowie Verhaltensweisen werden durch Serotonin und Dopamin gesteuert bzw. moduliert. Über die beteiligten Rezeptoren ist jedoch bisher vergleichsweise wenig bekannt. Die Klonierung und Charakterisierung von Serotonin- und Dopaminrezeptoren der Amerikanischen Schabe P. americana ist damit ein längst überfälliger Schritt auf dem Weg zu einem umfassenden Verständnis der vielfältigen Wirkungen biogener Amine bei Insekten.
Durch die Anwendung verschiedener Klonierungsstrategien konnten cDNAs isoliert werden, die für potentielle Serotoninrezeptoren und einen Dopaminrezeptor kodieren. Die Sequenzen weisen die größte Ähnlichkeit zu Mitgliedern der 5-HT1- und 5-HT7-Rezeptorklassen bzw. den Invertebratentyp-Dopaminrezeptoren auf. Die isolierten Rezeptoren der Amerikanischen Schabe wurden dementsprechend Pea(Periplaneta americana)5-HT1, Pea5-HT7 und PeaDop2 benannt. Das Hydropathieprofil dieser Rezeptoren postuliert das Vorhandensein der charakteristischen heptahelikalen Architektur G-Protein-gekoppelter Rezeptoren. Die abgeleiteten Aminosäuresequenzen zeigen typische Merkmale aminerger Rezeptoren. So sind Aminosäuren, die bedeutend für die Ligandenbindung, die Rezeptoraktivierung und die Kopplung an GProteine sind, in den Rezeptoren konserviert.
Expressionsstudien zeigten eine auffallend hohe Expression aller drei Rezeptor-mRNAs im Gehirn sowie in den Speicheldrüsen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden polyklonale Antikörper gegen den Pea5-HT1-Rezeptor sowie den PeaDop2-Rezeptor hergestellt. Der anti-Pea5-HT1-Antikörper detektiert im Homogenat von Schabengehirnen, Speicheldrüsen und Pea5-HT1-exprimierenden HEK 293-Zellen die glykosylierte Form des Rezeptors. In Gehirnschnitten markiert der anti-Pea5-HT1-Antikörper spezifisch einige Zellkörper in der Pars intercerebralis und deren Axone, welche in den Corpora cardiaca Nerv I projizieren. Der PeaDop2-Rezeptor wurde durch den spezifischen anti-PeaDop2-Antikörper in Neuronen mit Somata im anterioren Randbereich der Medulla nachgewiesen. Diese Neurone innervieren die optischen Loben und projizieren in das ventrolaterale Protocerebrum.
Die intrazellulären Signalwege der heterolog exprimierten Pea5-HT1- und PeaDop2-Rezeptoren wurden in HEK 293-Zellen untersucht. Die Aktivierung des Pea5-HT1-Rezeptors durch Serotonin führt zur Hemmung der cAMP-Synthese. Des Weiteren wurde gezeigt, dass der Rezeptor konstitutive Aktivität besitzt. WAY 100635, ein hoch selektiver 5-HT1A-Rezeptorantagonist, wurde als wirksamer inverser Agonist am Pea5-HT1-Rezeptor identifiziert. Der stabil exprimierte PeaDop2-Rezeptor antwortet auf eine Aktivierung durch Dopamin mit einer Erhöhung der cAMP-Konzentration. Eine C-terminal trunkierte Variante dieses Rezeptors ist eigenständig nicht funktional.
Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit indizieren, dass die untersuchten aminergen Rezeptoren im zentralen Nervensystems der Schabe an der Informationsverarbeitung beteiligt sind und verschiedene physiologische Prozesse in peripheren Organen regulieren. Mit der Klonierung und funktionellen Charakterisierung der ersten Serotoninrezeptoren und eines Dopaminrezeptors ist damit eine wichtige Grundlage für die Untersuchung ihrer Funktionen geschaffen worden.Biogenic amines are small organic compounds that act as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and/or neurohormones in vertebrates and in invertebrates. They form an important group of messenger substances and mediate their diverse effects primarily by binding to G protein-coupled receptors. The molecular identification as well as the functional and pharmacological characterization of these receptors is crucial for the comprehension of the intracellular signaling pathways activated by biogenic amines. This work describes the molecular and functional characterization of the first serotonin receptors and an invertebrate-type dopamine receptor of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Using a PCR-strategy based on degenerate primers and RACE-PCR three cDNAs encoding for putative biogenic amine receptors were isolated from P. americana brain cDNA (Pea5-ht1, Pea5-ht7, Peadop2). The deduced amino acid sequences display major characteristics common to all G protein-coupled receptors. Primarily Distribution of receptor mRNA was investigated by RT-PCR. The analysis revealed a high mRNA expression level for all three receptors in the brain and salivary glands. The distribution of the Pea5HT1 and PeaDop2 receptor proteins was analyzed by immunohistochemistry with specific affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies. Both receptor proteins are expressed in brain and salivary glands. Furthermore the cellular distribution of the receptors was investigated by immunocytochemistry on brain sections. The anti-Pea5-HT1 receptor antibody specifically labelled some large somata in the pars intercerebralis. Labeled axons of these neurons pass down the anterior surface of the brain and cross over in the chiasma region of the corpora cardiaca nerve 1. The PeaDop2 receptor was detected in neurons with somata at the anterior edge of the medulla bilaterally innervating the optic lobes and projecting to the ventro-lateral protocerebrum. In order to clarify the functional and pharmacological properties of the cloned receptors, we studied HEK 293 cell lines stably expressing Pea5-HT1 or PeaDop2. Activation of Pea5-HT1 expressing cells by serotonin reduced adenylyl cyclase activity in a dose-dependent manner. The Pea5-HT1 receptor was expressed as a constitutively active receptor with methiothepin acting as a neutral antagonist and WAY 100635 as an inverse agonist. The activation of the PeaDop2 receptor by dopamine induced an increase in intracellular cAMP level, whereas a C-terminally truncated splice variant of this receptor does not exhibit any functional property by itself. The results of this work suggest important roles of the investigated receptors in various areas of the cockroach brain. The molecular and pharmacological characterization of the first serotonin receptors and a dopamine receptor of the cockroach now provides the basis for forthcoming studies regarding the significance of these particular receptors for cockroach behavior and physiology
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Veselá, Veronika. "Zahraniční politika G. W. Bushe." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-212.
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Základní elementy Bushovy doktríny jsou tedy politika preemptivního zásahu, který vychází z práva na sebeobranu a práva jednat unilaterálně, pokud to bude nutné k prosazení amerických zájmů. Stoupenci preemptivních zásahů říkají, že politika odstrašování předpokládá, že potenciální nepřítel je racionální stát, který nezasáhne v případě, kdyby to znamenalo jeho zničení. Tato doktrína vypadá, jako by podporovala přiměřenou reakci na revidovanou koncepci asymetrické války. Vojensky podřadné síly a povstalecká hnutí si tady nárokují právo použít normálně zakázanou taktiku, jako jsou útoky na civilní cíle a další akce zakázané válečných právem za předpokladu, že ty silnější státy jsou jím stále vázány.
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Siff, Sarah Brady. "Tough on Dope: Crime and Politics in California's Drug Wars, 1946-1963." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1479203861841892.
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Santos, Anderson Pacheco dos. "Sorologia de leishmaniose tegumentar americana em areas de avaliação de infecção chagasica no estado de São Paulo, Brasil." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315103.
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Orientador: Maria Esther de CarvalhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: As zonas endêmicas de leishmanioses e doença de Chagas, duas grandes endemias causadas por cinetoplastídeos, sobrepõe-se na América do Sul, especialmente na região Sudeste do Brasil, o que pode gerar casos de co-infecção entre Leishmania spp. e Trypanosoma cruzi. Ocorrem reações cruzadas, mesmo com baixos títulos, em inquéritos sorológicos de pacientes infectados com os parasitas, o que leva a falsas estimativas de prevalência de ambas as infecções. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de observar o efeito de um diluente de amostra proposto para reduzir a ocorrência de reações cruzadas em testes sorológicos para doenças causadas por cinetoplastídeos e outros parasitas. Foram selecionadas 585 amostras de sangue provenientes de quatro regiões do Estado de São Paulo, entre litoral e planalto, colhidas no período compreendido entre 1996 a 2003, durante atividades do Programa de Controle da Doença de Chagas. As análises das amostras foram feitas através das Reações de Imunofluorescência (RIFI) e do ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA). Com as amostras reagentes (onze no total), para doença de Chagas e leishmaniose em ambas as técnicas, foi realizado o teste ELISA alta avidez, que utiliza um diluente com caotrópico, que demonstrou redução nos títulos da reação positiva falsa, restando apenas uma amostra sem redução significativa do seu título, que sugeriu ser um caso de co-infecção de doença de Chagas e leishmaniose, epidemiologicamente factível dada a existência de ambas as infecções na área estudada. O uso deste diluente em estudos clínicos e epidemiológicos pode aprimorar o diagnóstico para a identificação de soropositivos em regiões de sobreposição de endemias causadas por cinetoplastídeos
Abstract: Leishmaniases and Chagas disease are endemic in extensive areas of the American Continent. These parasitic diseases can occur together in South America, particularly in southwestern regions of Brazil, which poses a serious epidemiological problem due to the observed serological cross-reactivity between Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi, even at low titers. As false prevalence estimates of these agents are critically misleading, we designed an experiment aiming at analyzing the effect of a diluent intended to reduce the chances of false positive tests resulting from serological cross-reactivity between these kinetoplastids and other parasites. As a part of the activities of the Program for the Control of Chagas disease, we selected 585 blood samples collected, during the period from 1996 to 2003, from residents in four regions situated between the seacoast and the plateau of the State of São Paulo. The serological tests used (IFAT and ELISA) produced a total of eleven positive reactions. Lower false positive titers resulted from the use of high avidity ELISA plus a chaotropic diluent. The only serological result in which titers corresponding to both infections were not significantly reduced was suggestive of mixed infection, on the basis of the fact that it was connected to a patient evidently exposed to both agents. This experiment suggests that the use of a chaotropic diluent can be a useful tool to reduce the proportion of such false parasitic mixed infection results as those investigated by us
Mestrado
Mestre em Parasitologia
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Blenau, Wolfgang, Britta Troppmann, and Bernd Walz. "Pharmacology of serotonin-induced salivary secretion in Periplaneta americana." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/texte_eingeschraenkt_verlag/2010/4431/.
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The acinar salivary gland of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, is innervated by dopaminergic and serotonergic nerve fibers. Stimulation of the glands by serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) results in the production of a protein-rich saliva, whereas stimulation by dopamine results in saliva that is protein-free. Thus, dopamine acts selectively on ion-transporting peripheral cells within the acini, and 5-HT acts on protein-producing central cells. We have investigated the pharmacology of the 5-HT-induced secretory activity of isolated salivary glands of P. americana by testing several 5-HT receptor agonists and antagonists. The effects of 5-HT can be mimicked by the non-selective 5-HT receptor agonist 5-methoxytryptamine. All tested agonists that display at least some receptor subtype specificity in mammals, i.e., 5-carboxamidotryptamine, (+/-)-8-OH-DPAT, (+/-)-DOI, and AS 19, were ineffective in stimulating salivary secretion. 5-HT-induced secretion can be blocked by the vertebrate 5-HT receptor antagonists methiothepin, cyproheptadine, and mianserin. Our pharmacological data indicate that the pharmacology of arthropod 5-HT receptors is remarkably different from that of their vertebrate counterparts. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Pisana, Giuseppe. "Luigi G. Jacchia, un triestino a Bologna: dai cieli di Loiano all'epopea spaziale americana." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17880/.
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In questa tesi di laurea si vuole parlare della vita di Luigi Giuseppe Jacchia (1910-1996), un astronomo italo-americano del secolo scorso che all'inizio dell’era spaziale ha fornito un fondamentale contributo allo studio dell’alta atmosfera terrestre.
Si vuole pertanto dare rilevanza ad un personaggio poco conosciuto in Italia, il quale ha raggiunto importanti traguardi a livello internazionale, divenendo anche Presidente della sezione atmosferica del COSPAR (il comitato internazionale per la ricerca spaziale) e della divisione atmosferica dell’Associazione Internazionale di Geomagnetismo e Aeronomia.
Nato a Trieste, si trasferisce a Bologna per studiare all'università e trova lavoro all'Osservatorio Astronomico della città, dapprima come volontario e, dopo la laurea in Fisica, come assistente universitario. Si occupa principalmente di osservazioni meteorologiche e dello studio di stelle variabili.
Costretto a lasciare l’Italia nel 1938 a causa delle leggi razziali (essendo ebreo), trova lavoro all'Università di Harvard, negli Stati Uniti, dove continua la sua attività con le stelle variabili.
In seguito al lancio dello Sputnik I, riesce per primo a costruire un modello in grado di prevedere il moto orbitale dei satelliti artificiali. Ancora oggi i suoi modelli sono i più usati negli studi sull'alta atmosfera.
Le informazioni iniziali sulla vita di Luigi, contenute soprattutto in necrologi e voci di generiche enciclopedie, erano alquanto limitate. Dopo numerose ricerche, specialmente su nuove fonti archivistiche e su fonti orali (preziosi colloqui con alcuni parenti) è stato possibile comporre un'immagine più completa della sua personalità, mettendo in evidenza il filo che lega i suoi primi studi a Bologna, la vicenda drammatica delle leggi razziali, la sua importante carriera di scienziato negli Stati Uniti, il paese al quale resterà legato fino alla scomparsa.
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OLIVEIRA, Beatriz Coutinho de. "Avaliação de isotipos de imunoglobulinas por citometria de fluxo para diagnóstico e critério de cura na leishmaniose tegumentar americana." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17662.
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Capes
O tratamento da Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana (LTA) apresenta limitações por ser tóxico, podendo causar efeitos adversos nos pacientes, e também, por não existir um critério de cura efetivo, que atualmente é realizado apenas clinicamente, visualizando a completa cicatrização da lesão. Além dos desafios socioeconômicos que agravam a doença, o seu diagnóstico apresenta dificuldades, pois além de haver a necessidade de realizar associações entre os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e laboratoriais dos pacientes para se chegar a um resultado definitivo, os testes laboratoriais convencionais apresentam limitações. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a aplicabilidade dos isotipos de imunoglobulinas (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 e IgG4) por citometria de fluxo para o diagnóstico e critério de cura na leishmaniose tegumentar americana, e fazer um comparativo da citometria de fluxo em relação às técnicas convencionais: ELISA e Imunofluorescência Indireta. Foram utilizadas amostras de 14 pacientes, sobre as quais foram feitos os ensaios. Com relação aos resultados da comparação da citometria de fluxo, utilizando o anticorpo IgG, com a Imunofluorescência, foi visto que houve uma melhor acurácia do primeiro em relação ao segundo. Em comparação ao ELISA, a citometria também demonstrou ser um teste com melhor desempenho. Para a padronização dos isotipos IgG1, IgG2 e IgG3, foi observado que a melhor diluição do isotipo IgG1 para ser utilizada foi a diluição 1:400, para o isotipo IgG2, 1:100 e para o isotipo IgG3 1:200. Devido a baixa quantidade sérica circulante de IgG4 e pelo fato de ser mais encontrado em amostras de pacientes com a forma cutânea difusa (ausente em nosso Estado), não foi possível padronizar este isotipo. Na avaliação da aplicabilidade do isotipo IgG1, foi observado que antes do tratamento, 36,8% dos pacientes foram negativos; nos pacientes um ano após o tratamento, 82,3%; dois anos após o tratamento, 27,2% e nos pacientes cinco anos após tratamento, 87,5%. Portanto, a análise global dos resultados obtidos sugere que a citometria de fluxo aplica-se ao rastreamento da LTA e que a utilização do isotipo IgG1 tem grandes possibilidades para contribuir como um método de diagnóstico mais específico do que os convencionais.
The treatment for the American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) has limitations due to its toxicity, which can cause adverse effects on the patients; and also for not presenting an effective cure criterion, being currently performed by visualizing the complete healing of the lesion. Besides socio economical challenges which worsen the disease, the diagnosis shows difficulties because beyond the need to associate clinical, epidemiological and laboratorial aspects to achieve the definitive result, the conventional laboratorial tests are limited. Thereby, the objective of the study was to evaluate the applicability of immunoglobulin isotypes (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4) by flow cytometry for the diagnosis and cure criterion of the American tegumentary leishmaniasis, comparing this tool with the conventional tests of ELISA and Indirect Immunofluorescence. 14 samples of patients were used for the assays. Regarding the results of the comparison between flow cytometry using anti-IgG antibodies with the indirect immunofluorescence, it was observed that the accuracy of the first test was higher than the second's. The same was observed when compared flow cytometry with ELISA. Regarding the standardization of the IgG isotypes 1, 2 and 3, it was seen that the best dilutions to work with were respectively 1:400, 1:100 and 1:200. Due to the low quantities of the IgG4 isotype in the sera and for the fact that it is found in samples of patients with the diffuse form (absent in the Northeastern Brazil), it was not possible to standardize. Evaluating the applicability of IgG1, we observed that before treatment 36,8% of the patients were negative, one year after treatment, 82,3%; two years after treatment, 27,2% and in patients five years after treatment, 87,5%. The global analysis of the obtained results suggests that flow cytometry can be used to screen ATL and that the use of IgG1 isotype has great chances of contributing as a more specific method than the conventional ones. More studies with IgG2 and IgG3 isotypes are necessary, raising the number of samples. However, this area still has good perspectives on the diagnosis and cure criterion of the disease.
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Akey, D. H., and T. J. Henneberry. "Fenoxycarb, Pymetrozine (C G A-215944), and Fenpropathrin/Acephate: Rotations for Silverleaf Whitefly Control in Upland Cotton in Central America." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/210865.
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Trials (0.01 ac plots) with fenoxycarb ( Fenoxycarb 40 W P, 0.0621b. ai /ac), pymetrozine (CGA 215944, Fulfill™ 50 W P, 0.094 lb. ai/ac), pymetrozine /fenoxycarb, (SterlingTM ), and fenpropathrin (DanitolTM 2.4 E C, 0.20 lb. or 0.10 lb. ai/ac) /acephate (OrtheneTM 90 S, 0.5 or 0.25 lb. ai /ac) were made against silverleaf whitefly, Bemisiq grgentifolii Bellows and Perring, at UA, Maricopa Agric. Ctr. Six applications (plus adjuvant Kinetic) were applied on 9 treatments. Ten treatments (embedded control included) were in a double tier complete random block design and there was I adjacent, 1.5 ac control block (treatment 11). Eggs and large nymphs were sampled weekly post application to determine efficacy; reported as % reduction from block control. Rotation schemes were: 1) 3 pymetrozine /fenoxycarb, then 3 fenpropathrin/acephate applications, 2) 3 pymetrozine 2 /3rate /fenoxycarb full rate, then 3 fenpropathrin /acephate applications, 3) fenoxycarb 6 applications, 4) pymetrozine 6 applications, 5) 3 fenpropathrin /acephate, then 3 pymetrozine /fenoxycarb applications, 6) 3 fenpropathrin /acephate, then 3 pymetrozine /fenoxycarb, 7) fenpropathrin /acephate at full, l/2, full, then 3-1/2 rate applications, 8) 2 pymetrozine /fenoxycarb, 2 fenpropathrin /acephate, 1 pymetrozine /fenoxycarb, and 1 last fenpropathrin /acephate application, 9) 2 fenpropathrin /acephate, 2 pymetrozine /fenoxycarb, 1fenpropathrin/acephate, and 1 last pymetrozine /fenoxycarb application, 10) embedded control, and 11) block control. Egg % reductions for season means ranged from 93-99% for combinations and rotations of them. Last % season analyses showed reductions from 95-99 %. Pymetrozine had a 98% reduction andfenpropathrin /acephate had 98 % egg reduction. Nymphal reduction for season means ranged from 80-95% for combinations and rotations of them. Last % season analyses, showed % reductions from 91-98 %. Pymetrozine had 92% reduction and fenpropathrin /acephate had 92% reduction of nymphs (season). These studies showed that pymetrozine, pymetrozine /fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin/acephate combinations and rotations provided excellent control of silverleaf whitefly immatures.
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Roenneke, Almuth. "Die literarische Problematisierung des Einflusses der christlichen Religion auf das indianische Selbstbild im Romanwerk von D'Arcy McNickle, Paula Gunn Allen, N. Scott Momaday und Louise Erdrich." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2002. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1038465591609-48131.
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Since Native American Literature has been established, Native American authors have discussed the influence of the western world on Native traditions and Native identity within their work. Christianity is one of those elements of western cultural influences that shaped remarkably the change of Native traditions under the influence of colonialism. In this dissertation it will be discussed how the influence of Christianity is being written into the novels by Native American writers and which functions are attributed to Christianity in respect to the enforcement of colonial interests and in respect to changes within Native traditions. For this dissertation four authors (D'Arcy McNickle, Paula Gunn Allen, N. Scott Momaday, Louise Erdrich) were chosen whose pieces of work mark a difference in approach. Their novels testify to the contradictory fusion of colonial and missionary goals on the one side and to the possible enrichment of Native customs on the other side. The novels can, therefore, be characterized as an assemble that reaches from total rejection of anything that is assumed to be Christian to an affirmative way of incorporating selective aspects of Christianity to the final denial that there is an evaluation of this historical issue possible. In respect to the method applied, all pieces of literary work are discussed in their usage of Christian literary elements and intertextual references to the Bible and other Christian literary sources. An afterword refers to novels and short stories by further 17 Native American authors who are concerned with the Christian influence on Native traditions in their work as well. The results of the research in the dissertation will then be extended by discussing those pieces of fictional workSeit der Etablierung des indianischen Romans im Kanon der amerikanischen Gegenwartsliteratur suchen indianische Schriftsteller nach Wegen, die doppelte Prägung der modernen indianischen Identität durch traditionelle Werte einerseits und westlichen Einfluss andererseits fiktional aufzuarbeiten. Ein Element der westlichen Welt, das die Veränderungen der indianischen Kulturen unter der Einwirkung der Kolonisation maßgeblich mitbestimmt hat, ist die christliche Religion. In der Dissertation wird untersucht, wie das Wirken des Christentums auf das indigene Selbstbild in der US-amerikanischen indianischen Romanliteratur thematisiert wird und welche Funktionen ihm für die Durchsetzung kolonialer Interessen und für den Wandel der indianischen Traditionen im Verlauf der letzten 500 Jahre zuerkannt werden. Für die Fragestellung wurden vier Autorinnen und Autoren ausgewählt (D'Arcy McNickle, Paula Gunn Allen, N. Scott Momaday, Louise Erdrich), deren Romanwerke die Gegensätzlichkeit zwischen der Verquickung kolonialer Interessen mit religiösen Motiven einerseits und der Bereicherung der indianischen Kulturen durch christliche Traditionen andererseits widerspiegeln. Die Romane bilden einen Spannungsbogen von strikter Ablehnung alles Christlichen, über die affirmative Aufnahme christlicher Elemente bis hin zur Pluralisierung der Bewertungsmöglichkeiten bei gleichzeitiger Aufgabe der Bewertungsgewissheit hinsichtlich des christlichen Einflusses. Methodisch wird hierbei folgendermaßen vorgegangen. Die Romane werden auf intertextuelle Verweise zu christlichen literarischen Quellen und insbesondere der Bibel untersucht, um daran die Gestaltung des Untersuchungsgegenstandes zu erörtern. Ein ausführlicher Ausblick verweist auf Romane und Erzählungen weiterer 17 indianischer Autorinnen und Autoren der Gegenwart, um hieran die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung zu präzisieren und zu ergänzen
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Uribe, Simón. "State and frontier : historical ethnography of a road in the Putumayo region of Colombia." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/781/.
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This dissertation is concerned with a road in the Colombian region of Putumayo. The history of this road spans from the mid nineteenth century up to the present, and encompasses a wide range of characters and events, from nineteenth and twentieth century statesmen and missionaries’ ambitious colonization projects to ongoing peasant land conflicts regarding the road’s future. Together, these characters and events could be conceived or read as many different fragments and voices, past and present, of the same story. My main aim, however, is not to assemble these voices and fragments into a single narrative of the road, as much as to place them in the broader historical geography of state and frontier. I focus primarily on the multiple dialectical entanglements, conflicts, and encounters through which the state and the frontier have been discursively and materially constructed in this specific region. In doing so, I will argue that this historical geography of state and frontier has been primarily shaped by a relation of “inclusive exclusion”, or a relation where the assimilation or incorporation of the frontier to the spatial and political order of the state has historically depended on its exclusion from the imaginary order of the nation. Through a historical and ethnographical approach to the road, I emphasize the rhetorical and physical violence embedded in this relation, as well as the everyday practices through which this relation has been challenged and subverted in time and through space.
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Alencar-Rodrigues, Roberta de. "As rela??es de g?nero e o processo de acultura??o de estudantes estrangeiros/as latino-americanos/as." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2007. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/923.
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Previous issue date: 2007-03-19Esta disserta??o apresenta tr?s artigos, todos abordando quest?es como as rela??es de g?nero e o processo de acultura??o. O primeiro artigo te?rico faz uma reflex?o acerca das rela??es de g?nero no contexto das migra??es internacionais, considerando que as quest?es de g?nero s?o valores posto em cheque na situa??o de mudan?a para uma outra cultura. Nesse sentido, entende-se que a acultura??o promove o questionamento das rela??es de g?nero, provocando rupturas nas formas de ser homem e mulher constru?das na sociedade de origem. O segundo artigo emp?rico buscou conhecer os fatores que facilitam e dificultam o processo de inser??o de estudantes estrangeiros/as latino-americanos/as na cultura brasileira, mais especificamente no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Nesse estudo, tamb?m procurou-se identificar as estrat?gias utilizadas pelos/as participantes no processo de acultura??o. Por fim, o terceiro artigo emp?rico investiga como os/as estudantes estrangeiros/as latino-americanos/as percebem as quest?es de g?nero no seu pa?s de origem e no Brasil, evidenciando o quanto o tema da sexualidade imprime marcas no discurso dos/as participantes da pesquisa no que se refere ?s rela??es de g?nero no Brasil.
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Oliveira, Amanda da Silva. "A voz das mulheres na literatura contempor?nea latino-americana : possibilidades para a escrita do feminismo na Am?rica Latina." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8383.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
This thesis proposes as object of study the female historical characters drawing from themes such as representation and corporeity, in Latin American novels published from the 1990s on. The literary corpus is composed by works of female authors, focusing on female characters who played a leading historical role: El pergamino de la seducci?n (2005), by Gioconda Belli; La cinta roja (2008), by Carmen Posadas; Malinche (2006), by Laura Esquivel; Xica da Silva, a cinderela negra (2016), by Ana Miranda; La mujer que llora (2013), by Zo? Vald?s; Dos veces ?nica (2016), by Elena Poniatowska; En el tiempo de las mariposas (1994), by Julia Alvarez and Um mapa todo seu (2015), by Ana Maria Machado. La casa de los esp?ritus (1982), by Isabel Allende, acts as the epicenter of analysis, and divides mentioned books into four different categories, each representing the main social roles of women in society: women who own their destiny; mothers of the nation; women of artists and women of fight. The aim is to analyze each of the works as references of Western feminist thought. The central idea of this research is that these authors present the themes as rewritten in official history through feminine discourse. As for the theoretical research basis, the foundations of western feminist theory that influence the main theoretical currents of Anglo-American and French origin are presented. In conclusion, a piece of writing of Latin American feminism is developed, as a way to contribute to contemporary Latin American literary criticism, offering some elements of transgression for Latin American feminine literature.
Esta tese prop?e como objeto de estudo as personagens hist?ricas femininas a partir dos temas de representa??o e de corporeidade, em romances latino-americanos publicados a partir dos anos 1990. O corpus liter?rio ? formado por obras de autoria feminina, enfocando personagens femininas que tiveram protagonismo hist?rico: El pergamino de la seducci?n (2005), de Gioconda Belli; La cinta roja (2008), de Carmen Posadas; Malinche (2006), de Laura Esquivel; Xica da Silva, a cinderela negra (2016), de Ana Miranda; La mujer que llora (2013), de Zo? Vald?s; Dos veces ?nica (2016), de Elena Poniatowska; En el tiempo de las mariposas (1994), de Julia Alvarez; e Um mapa todo seu (2015), de Ana Maria Machado. La casa de los esp?ritus (1982), de Isabel Allende, serve de epicentro da an?lise, e divide os livros a serem analisados de quatro maneiras distintas, representando os principais pap?is sociais condicionantes das mulheres na sociedade: Mulheres de seu destino; m?es da p?tria; mulheres de artista e mulheres de luta. O objetivo ? analisar cada uma das obras como refer?ncias do pensamento feminista ocidental. A ideia central deste trabalho ? a de que essas autoras apresentam os temas assinalados como reescritas da hist?ria oficial por meio do discurso feminino. Como fundamenta??o te?rica da pesquisa, apresentam-se as principais bases da teoria feminista ocidental que influenciam as principais correntes te?ricas, de origem anglo-americana e francesa. Ao final, desenvolve-se uma possibilidade de escrita do feminismo na Am?rica Latina, com o intuito de contribuir para a cr?tica liter?ria latino-americana contempor?nea, com a sugest?o de elementos para a transgress?o da literatura feminina da Am?rica Latina.
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Cassidy, Donna. "The painted music of America in the works of Arthur G. Dove, John Marin, and Joseph Stella: an aspect of cultural nationalism." Thesis, Boston University, 1988. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/38014.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
The music-painting analogy had a pervasive influence on American early modernist art criticism, theory, and painting. Music became an aesthetic model and a theme in painting, and, for some artists and critics, music, particularly jazz and "noise music," expressed the energy of modern America. This dissertation addresses these aspects of the music-painting analogy, using Arthur G. Dove, John Marin, and Joseph Stella as case studies.
2031-01-01
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Roenneke, Almuth. "Die literarische Problematisierung des Einflusses der christlichen Religion auf das indianische Selbstbild im Romanwerk von D'Arcy McNickle, Paula Gunn Allen, N. Scott Momaday und Louise Erdrich." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2001. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A25017.
Full textAbstract:
Since Native American Literature has been established, Native American authors have discussed the influence of the western world on Native traditions and Native identity within their work. Christianity is one of those elements of western cultural influences that shaped remarkably the change of Native traditions under the influence of colonialism. In this dissertation it will be discussed how the influence of Christianity is being written into the novels by Native American writers and which functions are attributed to Christianity in respect to the enforcement of colonial interests and in respect to changes within Native traditions. For this dissertation four authors (D'Arcy McNickle, Paula Gunn Allen, N. Scott Momaday, Louise Erdrich) were chosen whose pieces of work mark a difference in approach. Their novels testify to the contradictory fusion of colonial and missionary goals on the one side and to the possible enrichment of Native customs on the other side. The novels can, therefore, be characterized as an assemble that reaches from total rejection of anything that is assumed to be Christian to an affirmative way of incorporating selective aspects of Christianity to the final denial that there is an evaluation of this historical issue possible. In respect to the method applied, all pieces of literary work are discussed in their usage of Christian literary elements and intertextual references to the Bible and other Christian literary sources. An afterword refers to novels and short stories by further 17 Native American authors who are concerned with the Christian influence on Native traditions in their work as well. The results of the research in the dissertation will then be extended by discussing those pieces of fictional work.Seit der Etablierung des indianischen Romans im Kanon der amerikanischen Gegenwartsliteratur suchen indianische Schriftsteller nach Wegen, die doppelte Prägung der modernen indianischen Identität durch traditionelle Werte einerseits und westlichen Einfluss andererseits fiktional aufzuarbeiten. Ein Element der westlichen Welt, das die Veränderungen der indianischen Kulturen unter der Einwirkung der Kolonisation maßgeblich mitbestimmt hat, ist die christliche Religion. In der Dissertation wird untersucht, wie das Wirken des Christentums auf das indigene Selbstbild in der US-amerikanischen indianischen Romanliteratur thematisiert wird und welche Funktionen ihm für die Durchsetzung kolonialer Interessen und für den Wandel der indianischen Traditionen im Verlauf der letzten 500 Jahre zuerkannt werden. Für die Fragestellung wurden vier Autorinnen und Autoren ausgewählt (D'Arcy McNickle, Paula Gunn Allen, N. Scott Momaday, Louise Erdrich), deren Romanwerke die Gegensätzlichkeit zwischen der Verquickung kolonialer Interessen mit religiösen Motiven einerseits und der Bereicherung der indianischen Kulturen durch christliche Traditionen andererseits widerspiegeln. Die Romane bilden einen Spannungsbogen von strikter Ablehnung alles Christlichen, über die affirmative Aufnahme christlicher Elemente bis hin zur Pluralisierung der Bewertungsmöglichkeiten bei gleichzeitiger Aufgabe der Bewertungsgewissheit hinsichtlich des christlichen Einflusses. Methodisch wird hierbei folgendermaßen vorgegangen. Die Romane werden auf intertextuelle Verweise zu christlichen literarischen Quellen und insbesondere der Bibel untersucht, um daran die Gestaltung des Untersuchungsgegenstandes zu erörtern. Ein ausführlicher Ausblick verweist auf Romane und Erzählungen weiterer 17 indianischer Autorinnen und Autoren der Gegenwart, um hieran die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung zu präzisieren und zu ergänzen.
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Hernandez, Velasco Carlos Roberto. "The role of land tenure in housing the urban poor in Mexico." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5483/.
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This dissertation addresses critically the role that land tenure plays in housing the poor in rapidly urbanising medium–sized cities in the Global South and in particular, Aguascalientes, Mexico, a city with one of the highest growth rates in the country. Urban sprawl, industrial development, and the increasing impoverished population in these sorts of cities are key variables that demand the attention of scholars and policy makers who have traditionally focused on the largest Mexican cities, i.e., Mexico City, Monterrey, and Guadalajara. The urban poor struggle to achieve consolidated housing by means of creative agency strategies operating within restrictive environments, or structures. Thus, this study engages with the implications of poverty, informality, and security of tenure as the starting points to understand the problems of housing the poor. Their experiences and voice were incorporated by following a behavioural approach and contesting the arguments that assert the need for a Western–like legal land and housing system as the only path for such cities to overcome poverty as promoted by influential international bodies. In order to gain the in–depth knowledge required for this research, a qualitative case study methodology was employed, interviewing formal and informal poor settlers, policy makers, and experts. The results showed that more questions are raised by the structure than by the agency strategies utilised by the urban poor, as the latter proved to be more part of the solution than of the problem. Besides the evident overlapping of formal and informal housing mechanisms, institutions must learn from their experiences. Approaching the role played by land tenure in home choices from a behavioural approach enriched this research by assessing it from the perspectives of the main actors involved in the process. It helped understand the problem from a perspective that is rich in experience as settlers provided an honest insight into their problems within the sampled areas by incorporating their voice into the housing equation. Yet, there was still an evident mismatch between the settlers’ and public bodies’ approaches to housing that will probably endure for some time.
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Oliveira, Amanda da Silva. "Poder e g?nero em Miguel ?ngel Asturias, ?rico Verissimo e Gioconda Belli." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2015. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6121.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
This dissertation aims to study power and genre in three Latin American novels: Mister President, by Miguel ?ngel Asturias, His Excellency, the Ambassador, by Erico Verissimo and A women?s country, by Gioconda Belli. Dealing with the definition of concepts of the literary field of Guatemala, Brazil and Nicaragua, from the year of publication of the analyzed works, the textual analyses are directed towards the perception of the way power stablishes itself under the form of dictatorship oppression in Latin America, and how female characters are presented in these narratives according to this oppression. There is also the identification of the speeches of possible worlds of equality and social justice in Latin America, as produced by the authors.
O objetivo dessa disserta??o ? o estudo dos temas poder e g?nero em tr?s romances latino-americanos: O Senhor Presidente, de Miguel ?ngel Asturias; O Senhor Embaixador, de Erico Verissimo; e O Pa?s das mulheres, de Gioconda Belli. Tratando de definir os conceitos de campo liter?rio da Guatemala, do Brasil e da Nicar?gua, a partir do ano de publica??o das obras estudadas, as an?lises textuais se direcionam ? percep??o de como o poder se estabelece sob forma de opress?o nas ditaduras das Am?ricas, e de como as personagens femininas se apresentam nessas narrativas segundo essa opress?o, al?m da identifica??o dos discursos dos mundos poss?veis de igualdade e de justi?a social na Am?rica Latina, produzidos pelos autores.
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Velásquez-Forte, Flavia. "Understanding decentralisation : the case of Chile." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5277/.
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This research is about administrative and political decentralisation processes, especially the efforts made by the Chilean state towards regional decentralisation. Thus the analysis is focused on two reforms: the creation of the Division of Planning and Development within the regional government and the direct election of regional councillors, which aims to reorganise the regional governments. Qualitative research and instrumental case study approach were used in order to develop this research. The research addresses three main topics: the understanding of decentralisation that key actors have, so that the agency according to that understanding; the scopes of the two reforms so far; and the relationship between the central state and the regions. Thus, the main findings are that Chilean decentralisation has been implemented with excessive caution and gradualism and that informal relations between key actors are essential in the creation of collaborative spaces. The research also discusses whether decentralisation is a process or a sequence of isolated events in Chile. Finally, the tension between administrative and political decentralisation is analysed in order to have a better understanding of both processes.
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Birenbaum, Jordan Daniel. "“Parliamentary sovereignty rests with the courts:” The Constitutional Foundations of J. G. Diefenbaker’s Canadian Bill of Rights." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20672.
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The 1980s witnessed a judicial “rights revolution” in Canada characterized by the Supreme Court of Canada striking down both federal and provincial legislation which violated the rights guaranteed by the 1982 Charter of Rights. The lack of a similar judicial “rights revolution” in the wake of the 1960 Canadian Bill of Rights has largely been attributed to the structural difference between the two instruments with the latter – as a “mere” statute of the federal parliament – providing little more than a canon of construction and (unlike the Charter) not empowering the courts to engage in judicial review of legislation.
Yet this view contrasts starkly with how the Bill was portrayed by the Diefenbaker government, which argued that it provided for judicial review and would “prevail” over other federal legislation. Many modern scholars have dismissed the idea that the Bill could prevail over other federal statutes as being incompatible with the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty. That is, a bill of rights could only prevail over legislation if incorporated into the British North America Act. As such, they argue that the Diefenbaker government could not have intended the Bill of Rights to operate as anything more than a canon of construction.
However, such a view ignores the turbulence in constitutional thinking on parliamentary sovereignty in the 1930s through 1960s provoked by the Statute of Westminster. This era produced the doctrine of “self-embracing” sovereignty – in contrast to traditional “Dicey” sovereignty – where parliament could limit itself through “ordinary” legislation. The effective author of the Canadian Bill of Rights, Elmer Driedger, was an adherent of this doctrine as well as an advocate of a “purposive” approach to statutory interpretation. Driedger, thus, drafted the Bill based upon the doctrine of self-embracing sovereignty and believed it would enjoy a “purposive” interpretation by the courts, with the Bill designed to be as effective at guaranteeing rights as the Statute of Westminster was at liberating Canada from Imperial legislation.
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TANZILLI, FRANCESCO. "POVERI, POLITICI E PROFESSORI: IL DIBATTITO SULLO STATO SOCIALE AMERICANO DA KENNEDY A BUSH." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/382.
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Il presente lavoro intende esaminare il processo di decision making relativo alla politica sociale statunitense sviluppatosi a partire dalla fine degli anni Sessanta, fornendo un’analisi di carattere «istituzionalista» che ponga in rilievo gli snodi cruciali del dibattito relativo al welfare system federale svoltosi sia all’interno del Congresso, sia presso i think tank, i centri universitari, le organizzazioni culturali e religiose, le lobby e le altre realtà associative emerse dalla società civile. In particolare, la ricerca si concentra sull’intreccio tra ideologia politica, mentalità tradizionale, opinione pubblica e interessi specifici, e sull’influsso esercitato dalla dimensione culturale e istituzionale sul processo legislativo.
Sono stati individuati quattro principali indirizzi socio-politici, ciascuno dei quali ha avuto un particolare influsso su altrettante ‘fasi’ del processo di riforma del welfare system statunitense svoltosi tra il 1968 e il 2006. L’analisi del dibattito culturale e politico è stata suddivisa pertanto in quattro diversi capitoli (capp. 2-5) che consentono di delineare percorsi distinti per le diverse ipotesi socio-culturali individuate, ai quali viene anteposta una premessa storica relativa alle origini del sistema assistenziale e previdenziale statunitense e alle politiche riformiste degli anni Sessanta (cap. 1).The dissertation examines the process of decision making that determined the development of U.S. social policy from the end of the Sixties. It analyzes the institutional character of the debate that took place inside the Congress and inside the think tanks, the academic centers, the cultural and religious foundations and other associations. In particular, the research is focused on the tangle between political ideologies, traditional culture, public opinion and legislative process. The dissertation identifies four different socio-political streams: each of them influenced a particular “phase” of the reform of the U.S. welfare system from 1968 up to 2006. The analysis of the cultural and political debate has been divided in four chapters (chapters 2-5) that allow to delineate different developments for the four streams, after an historical premise (chapter 1) that presents the origins of American welfare system, from the colonial times to the Sixties.
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LISI, LAURA ANA. "L'ospitalità linguistica. Studio comparativo delle traduzioni tedesca, inglese, danese ed italiana di El Llano en llamas di Juan Rulfo, secondo la traduttologia di Antoine Berman." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/127.
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In questo lavoro si cerca di applicare i principi teorici e i metodi del filosofo e traduttologo franco-canadese Antoine Berman a uno studio comparativo di quattro traduzioni (tedesca, inglese, danese ed italiana) del volume di racconti El Llano en llamas, di Juan Rulfo. L'applicazione della griglia analitica di Berman mira ad identificare i processi di trasformazione linguistica e culturale - ai quali i traduttori devono cedere nell'affrontare un'opera di pensiero e lingua stranieri, e le negoziazioni necessarie per travasare lo stile e i micro-universi testuali di Rulfo alle quattro lingue di arrivo. L'obiettivo è di misurare l'operatività di questa metodologia per un'analisi comparativa che mira a stabilire come e in che misura i testi rulfiani siano stati trasposti. Di fronte alle tendenze che mettono al centro la leggibilità di una traduzione e la considerazione delle competenze e attese del lettore di arrivo, Berman offre una prospettiva di tipo ermeneutico che si basa sulla nozione di 'ospitalità linguistica': l'obiettivo della traduzione non è quello di rendere comprensibile, di annettere, l'estraneo, bensì quello di accoglierlo in quanto estraneo per arricchire l'orizzonte di arrivo.This work seeks to apply the theoretical principles and methods of the French-Canadian philosopher and translation theorist Antoine Berman to a comparative study of four translations (German, English, Danish and Italian) of Juan Rulfo's El Llano en llamas. The application of Berman's analytical grid aims at identifying the processes of linguistic and cultural transformation to which the translators cede when dealing with a work conceived and written in a foreign language. The analysis thus focuses on describing the negotiations needed to transfer Rulfo's style and his textual micro-universes to the four target languages. The main objective is to measure the efficacy of this methodology for a comparative analysis aimed at establishing how and to what extent Rulfo's texts have been transposed. In contrast to theoretical approaches where the readability of a translation and the consideration of the target reader's competences and expectations are the main focus, Berman offers a hermeneutical perspective based on the notion of 'linguistic hospitality': the aim of translation is not that of making the foreign comprehensible, of annexing it, but rather that of hosting it as something foreign in order to enrich the target horizon.
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Seo, Ji-Hyun. "Neoliberal extractivism and rural resistance : the anti-mining movement in the Peruvian Northern Highlands, Cajamarca (2011-2013)." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2004499/.
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This dissertation examines the political prospects of rural subaltern groups in the era of neoliberal globalisation by engaging with the ‘death of the peasantry’ debates. To achieve this, it concentrates on rural resistance in the northern highlands of Peru, Cajamarca, against ‘new mineral extraction’ by multinational capital in the form of Minera Yanacocha S.A. (MYSA), with a theoretical framework of critical geography on transnational activism. In particular, the dissertation devotes attention to the massive mobilisations against MYSA’s Conga mining project between 2011 and 2013. The dispossession and disempowerment of the peasantry have been highlighted as the accumulation of global capital has intensified alongside the implementation of market-led development models around the globe. In the 1990s, the extraction and export of abundant natural resources was promoted as a ‘new development alternative’. In tandem with the unprecedented width and depth of resource extraction, the continent has become witness to increasing incidences of struggles led by local communities, particularly in the countryside. Recent Peruvian economic growth has been boosted by a ‘new mining boom’. Simultaneously, many Peruvians are protesting against mining activities, particularly due to their negative social and environmental impact. Cajamarca is one obvious example where neoliberal mineral extraction has generated a series of local struggles since the arrival of MYSA in 1993. The asymmetrical power of multinational capital vis-à-vis campesinos stands out in the context of the emphasis of the central government on ‘national development’ based on natural resource extraction. Against this backdrop, this dissertation examines the re-articulation of rural subjectivities and the political possibilities in their ‘networked form of resistance’, instead of focusing on the fragmentation, powerlessness and passivity of subaltern groups in the face of global capital power. Economic reductionism restricts our understanding of neoliberal globalisation to the exploitation of global capital vs. dispossession of local communities. Following Doreen Massey’s relational geographical approach, the dissertation maintains that it is relevant to understand the ‘relational content’ of global capital mobility and complex dynamics of resistance. In addition, the dualistic framework of geography and power which is based on an essentialist geographical understanding of the spatial (i.e. space/place; powerful global and powerless local) tends to regard local resistance as ‘reactionary’ place-based struggle. Instead, the dissertation focuses on the ‘interconnectedness’ of subaltern groups. It argues that diverse social groups shape what Featherstone terms ‘prefigurative solidarity’ around ‘maps of grievance’, via political resistance. In this process, a political identity is constructed in order to bring neoliberal globalisation into contestation.
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Jeníčková, Martina. "Integrační procesy v Latinské Americe." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3184.
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Diplomová práce se zabývá integračními procesy v Latinské Americe s důrazem na období od začátku 90. let 20. století, kdy dochází k oživení integračních snah. Zkoumá souvislosti mezi ekonomickou, politickou a kulturní dimenzí integrace. Poukazuje na určitý posun v charakteru integrace od 90. let minulého století a také na některé nové trendy. V první části stanovuje východiska k problematice. V druhé části zkoumá integraci ze subregionálního hlediska. V třetí části se zabývá celoregionálními iniciativami. Práce rovněž naznačuje vliv USA na latinskoamerickou integraci.
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Villagran, José Guadalupe. "Are American communities becoming more secure? : evaluating the secure communities program." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-08-6198.
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This thesis examines the federal government’s progression in implementing the Secure Communities program. The Secure Communities program was initiated by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in 2008 as a pilot program in only fourteen jurisdictions nation-wide. As of the writing of this thesis, four years following the initiation of the program, S-Comm. has been implemented in over 1700 jurisdictions nation-wide and it is set to be implemented in all local jurisdictions nationally by the end of 2013 (Immigration and Customs Enforcement, 2012). Although local law enforcement agencies had long shared the fingerprints of those they arrested with the FBI, the FBI now forwards this information to the DHS through S-Comm. who then checks the fingerprints against the Automated Biometric Identification System known as IDENT—a fingerprint database containing information on over 91 million individuals, including travelers, applicants for immigration benefits, and immigrants who have previously violated immigration laws. ICE then supposedly reviews their records to see if the person arrested is deportable. If they believe they are, or want to further interrogate them, ICE will issue a detainer. The detainer is a request to the local police to inform federal immigration authorities when the arrestee will be released from custody and to hold the individual for up to two days for transfer to ICE (The Chief Justice, 2011). This process is considered to be the most advanced form of file sharing between local authorities and federal immigration authorities yet. The focus of this endeavor is to evaluate whether this program has been effective in doing as its title maintains. If this program is one that the American people, documented or not, have to endure then it is important that we ask: has Secure Communities made American communities safer? Recent data collected on the program, reports of mass opposition to the initiative by local law enforcement officials throughout the country, and numerous personal accounts of discriminatory harassment of mostly Spanish-speaking Americans by federal immigration agents and state and local law enforcement officials participating in Secure Communities collectively demonstrate that this program has failed in making American communities more secure.text
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Messier, Vartan P. "Canons of transgression : shock, scandal, and subversion from Matthew Lewis' The Monk to Bret Easton Ellis' American psycho /." 2004. http://grad.uprm.edu/tesis/messiervartan.pdf.
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Allen, Donna E. "Toward a womanist homiletic Katie Cannon, Alice Walker and emancipatory proclamation /." Diss., 2005. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-12152005-023230/.
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Farrah, Scott David Clendinning Jane Piper. "Signifyin(g) A semiotic analysis of symphonic works by William Grant Still, William Levi Dawson, and Florence B. Price /." Diss., 2007. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04032007-154415/.
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Dissertation (PhD) Florida State University, 2007.Advisor: Jane Piper Clendinning, Florida State University, College of Music. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed 8-21-2007). Document formatted into pages; contains 170 pages. Includes biographical sketch. Includes bibliographical references.
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Gable, Janice Marie. ""Strange instruments" : women as vessels of the Holy Spirit in late nineteenth-century American literature /." Diss., 2002. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3073957.
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Miles, John David. "The Afterlives of King Philip's War: Negotiating War and Identity in Early America." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1572.
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"The Afterlives of King Philip's War" examines how this colonial American war entered into narratives of history and literature from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries, and investigates how narrative representations of the War restructured both genre and the meaning of the historical event itself. This investigation finds its roots in colonial literature and history - in the events of King Philip's War and the texts that it produced - but moves beyond these initial points of departure to consider this archive as a laboratory for the study of the relationship between genre and knowledge on one hand, and literature and the construction of (proto-) national community on the other. Because of its unique place in the history of the colonies, as well as its positioning within literary studies of Puritan New England, King Philip's War is an example not just of how one community faced a crisis of self-definition, but how that crisis was influenced by, and in turn is reflected in, the literature it produced. In this conception, genre is more than literary form, but represents a social technology with implications for the broader production of knowledge: following the use and production of genre in narrative reveals both literary history and the complicated map of how narrative constructs knowledge in tension with the conventions of genre simultaneously hem in and catalyze reading.
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