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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'American ginseng'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Mooney, Emily H. "Genetic and evolutionary consequences of harvest in American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius L. (Araliaceae)." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5117.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 185 p. : ill., col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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2

James, Addison Davis. "Confessions of an American Ginseng Addict." TopSCHOLAR®, 2015. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1529.

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Confessions of an American Ginseng Addict uses the Lazy Branch Holler in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky as a setting for a creative nonfiction work, which uses history, confession, remembrances, and digressions to tell the story of a man dealing with loss, mental health issues, environmental sustainability, and the power of ginseng. In the style of Desert Solitaire and Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, the narrative is a discursive work of raw unadulterated gonzo writing.

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3

Hackney, Erin Elizabeth. "The effects of small population size, breeding system, and gene flow on fruit and seed production in American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L., Araliaceae)." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1170.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 84 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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4

Fiebig, Andrea E. "Inflorescence development of North American ginseng, abscission zones and ethephon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ40411.pdf.

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5

Humphreys, Jennifer Diane. "North American ginseng and the stress response during acute exercise." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60438.pdf.

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6

Assinewe, Valerie Ann. "Phytochemical variation and immunopharmacology of Panax quinquefolius L. (American ginseng)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ66118.pdf.

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7

Quesnel, François. "Variables associated with Phytophthora and Cylindrocarpon root rots of American ginseng." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0010/MQ31860.pdf.

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8

Obae, Samuel G. "Genetic characterization, ginsenoside analysis and micropropagation of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/11231.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2010.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 160 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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9

Wang, Xiaolan. "Somatic embryo induction and plant regeneration in American ginseng, Panax quinquefolium L." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ27552.pdf.

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10

White, Gerard J. "Biological control of Botrytis blight of American ginseng using wood-decay Basidiomycetes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0019/MQ58100.pdf.

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11

Schlag, Erin M. "Genetic diversity and phytochemistry of Maryland-grown American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1901.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Natural Resource Sciences and Landscape Architecture. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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12

Slak, David Leslie. "The establishment and persistence of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) in Maryland forests." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2339.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Natural Resource Sciences and Landscape Architecture. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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13

Koo, Vernon Yut Yu. "Effects of North American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius L., on postprandial glycemia in normal humans." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ29294.pdf.

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14

Hobson, Jennifer M. "Spring seeding, seed size and seed pathology of North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ40417.pdf.

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15

Rolston, Laura J. "Ethephon-induced abscission of florets and berries in North American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius L." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ56362.pdf.

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16

Crockett, Harriet. "American ginseng and its interactions with Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) on K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells /." Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1453231751&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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17

Wixted, Kerry Lynn. "A Panax-centric view of invasive species and a case study on the effects of garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata)." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10038.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 98 p. : ill., map. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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18

Shahi, Dhan P. "EFFECTS OF DENSITY ON REPRODUCTION, AND DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURES OF AMERICAN GINSENG (Panax quinquefolius L.) POPULATIONS IN OHIO." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1168292705.

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19

Xu, Zheng. "Role of nitric oxide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius. L.)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0019/MQ54159.pdf.

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20

Grubbs, Holly Jean. "Allozyme Variation in American Ginseng, Panax quinquefolius L (Araliaceae): Implications for Management of Wild and Cultivated Populations." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626306.

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21

Zou, Hongyuan. "Research of antiphlogistic and analgesic properties of American ginsengng." Магістерська робота, Kyiv National University of Technology and Design, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19272.

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The antiphlogistic and analgesic of American ginseng was confirmed in a model organism of zebrafish, and the possibility of commercial production of fine powder of American ginseng roots, ground to the level of destruction of the plant cell wall, was studied. Zebrafish were used as a model for assessing antiphlogistic activity. Next models were designed: an endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, phenylthiourea, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, -induced inflammation model and model is the tail fin amputation model. The zebrafish activity results showed that all of the aforementioned models of inflammation confirmed the antiphlogistic activity of Panax quinquefolium in a dose-dependent manner within a safe dose. Ultra-grinding of American ginseng roots has increased the release rate of the drug, improved dissolution of active pharmaceutical ingredients and improved absorption in the body, providing a solid theoretical basis and support for the development of industrial research.<br>Протизапальну активність і знеболюючу активність американського женьшеню було підтверджено на модельному організмі рибок даніо. Вивчено можливість промислового виробництва дрібнодисперсного порошку коренів американського женьшеню, з руйнуванням рослинної клітинної стінки. Рибок даніо використовували як модель для оцінки протизапальної активності. Були індуковані моделі запалення з ліпополісахаридом ендотоксину, фенілтіомочевиною, 2,4,6-тринітробензолсульфоновою кислотою і модель індукованого запалення після ампутації хвостового плавцю (травматична). Результати дослідження активності рибок даніо показали, що на всіх вищезгаданих моделях запалення підтвердили протизапальну активність Panax quinquefolium дозозалежним чином у межах безпечної дози. Ультраподрібнення коренів американського женьшеню збільшує швидкість вивільнення лікарської речовини, покращує розчинення активних фармацевтичних інгредієнтів та сприяє їх всмоктуванню в організмі, забезпечуючи міцну теоретичну основу та підтримку для розвитку промислових досліджень.

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22

Rinaldi, Catherine. "Authentication of the Panax genus plants used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis." University of Western Australia. Centre for Forensic Science, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0054.

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[Truncated abstract] Traditional medicines are used by millions of people throughout the world as their primary source of medical care. A range of materials are in used traditional medicines including plant and animal parts. Even though the traditional medicine trade is estimated to be worth sixty billion dollars annually the trade remains largely unregulated. Unscrupulous practices by vendors to increase their profit margins such as substituting and adulterating expensive material with cheaper varieties go unchecked. This can be dangerous to consumers because some substitutions involve poisonous material. Also, animal parts from endangered species can find their way into traditional medicines, therefore there needs to be a way to identify them in traditional medicines to prosecute poachers. The traditional techniques used for the identification of material used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) include, morphological, histological, chemical and immunological analysis. However, these techniques have their limitations. This makes applying multiple techniques essential to provide thorough authentication of the material. DNA profiling provides a technique well suited to analysing material used in TCM. DNA profiling is advantageous over other techniques used to authenticate material used in TCM because it requires only a small sample amount, can determine the cultivator, be used on all forms of TCM and potentially distinguish the components of mixtures. ... Therefore, profiles of different species/individual are different and species? can be distinguished. Commercially sold traditional medicines are processed which is likely to degrade the DNA of the sample making extraction and amplification difficult. Here an organic Phenol:Chloroform extraction technique extracted DNA from commercial dried root samples. The extracted DNA was amplifiable using RAPD primers. The RAPD primers used here produced enough polymorphic bands to distinguish different plant species. They were used to distinguish commercial samples that were sold as three different species within the Panax genus, Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium and Panax notoginseng and genetically unrelated plant material; Potato and Eleutherococcus senticosus. Liquid samples and mixtures were also profiled with the RAPD primers to determine whether the RAPD primers provide enough distinguishing ability to analyse these forms of TCM. DNA was extracted from the liquid samples, one a ginseng drink and the other an ginseng extractum. However, there was no reliability in the production of PCR products. The analysis of the mixture samples found that not enough polymorphic bands were produced by the RAPD primers used here to identify Panax species within mixtures of two Panax species. While when P. ginseng was mixed with a genetically unrelated sample there was enough polymorphism to differentiate the two samples in the mixture. The results of this research show that RAPD analysis provides a simple and inexpensive technique to begin analysis of materials used in TCM. Using RAPD analysis it is possible to distinguish Panax plant species from each other. However, the RAPD primers used here did not provide enough reproducibility or polymorphism to analyse liquid and mixtures of Panax species plants.

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23

McIntyre, Kristina L. "Ginsenoside variation and phytochemistry of Ontario-grown North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius): Assessing land race diversity and biological activities." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28904.

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North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is a valuable and widely used medicinal plant and Ontario has become the largest grower of ginseng in North America. Ginseng has been grown in Ontario for over 50 years and has reached the land race stage. The phytochemistry of Ontario ginseng land races was characterized using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a diode array detector (DAD), evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD), or mass spectrometry (MS) to assess ginsenoside and monosaccharide content. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used successfully as a metabolomic tool to distinguish Ontario ginseng land races and ginseng species. Ginsenoside variation was high within and among Ontario ginseng land races and variation in ginsenoside content was correlated positively to the level of inhibition of the drug metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzyme, CYP3A4. Along with the assessment of ginsenosides, LC/MS/MS and LC/ELSD methods were developed to characterize malonyl ginsenosides and monosaccharide components respectively in Ontario ginseng. Malonyl ginsenosides accounted for a significant percentage of total ginsenoside content and glucose was found to be the major monosaccharide component. Although chromatographic ginsenoside analysis did not differentiate land races, 1H NMR was successfully applied to distinguish ginseng species and two of five land races. The results from this study contribute to the validation and characterization of Ontario ginseng and add to the value of this important medicinal crop.

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24

Jenkins, Alexandra Louisa. "Metabolic effects of combining American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) and viscous fibre in the treatment of type 2 diabetes." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2005. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/844256/.

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The aim of the thesis was to determine whether synergistic or additive metabolic benefits could be derived with the use of two plant-based components with independent physiological activities and whether the use of these two agents would improve diabetes control in the long term. Viscous fibres reduce postprandial glycaemia, insulinaemia and gastrointestinal hormones levels, their effectiveness being dependent on the viscosity of the fibre. Long term studies with viscous fibre have shown reductions in serum cholesterol, and improvements in metabolic control and blood pressure in type 2 diabetes. Konjac mannan fibre (KJM) is a high viscosity, viscous fibre. American ginseng (AG) increases insulin secretion and improves glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes. The suggested active ginseng components are the ginsenosides. As both AG and KJM have been shown to improve diabetes control through independent physiological mechanisms, this thesis explores the possible benefits of using them in combination. To test potential additive effects of KJM and AG, an acute experiment was performed in thirteen subjects with type 2 diabetes where AG and/or KJM were incorporated into a liquid meal replacement as a breakfast, followed 4 hours later by a standard lunch. Contrary to previous findings, neither AG or KJM when given individually, reduced postprandial glucose and insulin levels by the expected amounts; moreover the combination did not result in glucose levels significantly different from control. The study did demonstrate that KJM flattens the postprandial response of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (p < 0.04) and glucagon like peptide-1 (p < 0.02). In addition KJM reduced the glucose area under the curve to a standard meal following the fibre enriched breakfast. Subsequent experiments showed that, despite high ginsenoside levels, the AG used was ineffective and the liquid replacement meal inhibited the gel formation of the KJM. In preparation for a long-term intervention study, acute experiments were performed to select a physiologically effective AG, and to determine the most effective and palatable method of KJM incorporation. Incorporation of KJM into bread, capsules and margarine reduced the incremental areas under the glucose curve by 3%, 12% and 34% compared with control, with only the margarine being significantly different (p < 0.001). Further experiments showed that incorporation of 1g of KJM into margarine and 4g of KJM into bread reduced the glucose AUC to a similar extent. KJM capsules has no acute effect on postprandial glycaemia, regardless of the timing of their administration relative to the meal. Three months of 6g of viscous fibre and 3g of AG administration to 30 subjects with type 2 diabetes resulted in significant percent-change difference from control in HbA1c (-4.1+/-1.4%, p < 0.01), total cholesterol (-5.7+/-1.9%, p < 0.00), LDL-cholesterol (- 8.2+/-3.1%, p < 0.002) and apoliporotein B (-9.0+/-2.3%, p < 0.0005). It was estimated the combination of viscous fibre and AG resulted in a 14% risk reduction in coronary heart disease. The studies in this thesis illustrate some of the difficulties of working with "natural" products but also their potentially effective use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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25

Filyaw, Tanner R. "Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Forest-Grown American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and the Effect of Mycorrhizal Colonization on Root Ginsenoside Concentrations." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1500112365847568.

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26

Hong, Seung Cheon. "The efficacy of Trichoderma, benomyl, and propiconazole, treatments for the control of Cylindrocarpon destructans diseases in North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ49368.pdf.

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27

Schluter, Cayetana. "Floral biology and genetic diversity among natural and cultivated populations and seed lots of North American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius L., grown in Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61604.pdf.

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28

Purnama, Monica. "The effect of various dehydration techniques on ginsenoside recovery from North American ginseng and bioactive properties on 3T3-L1 adipose tissue cell line." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12565.

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Three dehydration techniques, applied to North American ginseng roots (NAG), were evaluated to determine the subsequent pore characteristics, recovery of the ginsenoside content, and the related bioactive properties on a cultured 3T3-L1 fat cell line. Fresh North American ginseng roots were shredded prior to air drying (AD), freeze drying (FD), and vacuum-microwave drying (VMD) processes. Total porosities and pore distribution measurements were determined using a mercury porosimeter. Among samples, FD ginseng obtained the highest total porosity followed by VMD and AD, respectively. All dehydrated samples showed a porous structure with pore sizes ranged from 0.002 µm to 172 µm. Dried ginseng root matrices, regardless of dehydration methods, were mainly constituted by macropores (>1.5μm). Pore characteristics of dried ginseng roots may affect the ginsenosides exposure with extraction solvent. As total porosity increases, the total ginsenoside content may also increase. Therefore, ginsenoside content of dried NAG following methanolic extraction was determined to evaluate the relationship between dried NAG pore characteristics and the subsequent ginsenoside extraction. Ginsenoside composition was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Total ginsenoside content, derived from the seven individual ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, Rd, Rg3), were affected by the dehydration methods employed. AD process recovered the lowest amount of total ginsenosides, followed by VMD and FD processes, which recovered relatively similar amounts of total ginsenosides. The comparable total ginsenoside amounts of VMD and FD ginseng root extracts suggests that the relationship between pore characteristics and the subsequent extraction of bioactive component was highly dependent on the dried food material. The bioactivity potential of all ginseng extracts on 3T3-L1 adipose tissue cells was exhibited following AD, VMD, and FD processes. Dried North American ginseng root extracts (NAGEs), regardless of dehydration techniques, affected the viabilities of pre-confluent and post-confluent preadipocytes as well as mature adipocyte cells. Moreover, dried NAGEs at non-toxic levels were able to inhibit adipogenesis when added to both pre- and post-confluent preadipocytes. These results, therefore, showed that dehydration techniques affected the pore characteristics and the subsequent ginsenoside recoveries of NAG, and the dried NAGEs exhibited bioactive potential on 3T3-L1 adipose tissue cells.

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29

Farrington, Susan J. "An ecological study of American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) in the Missouri Ozark Highlands : effects of herbivory and harvest, ecological characterization and wild simulated cultivation /." Diss., View online, 2006. http://edt.missouri.edu/Winter2006/Thesis/FarringtonS-042806-T908600/research.pdf.

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30

Dai, Jianming. "Microwave-assisted extraction and synthesis studies and the scale-up study with the aid of FDTD simulation." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100342.

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The research undertaken in this thesis includes microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), synthesis, and the investigation of the scale-up of the microwave-assisted processes with the numerical aid.<br>The main goal of this research is to study the various problems associated with the scale-up of the microwave-assisted extraction and synthesis processes. Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the microwave-assisted extraction of known components from peppermint leaves and American ginseng. Various factors that influence the extraction processes were studied. Microwave-assisted extraction method was compared with conventional heating and room temperature extraction methods on the extraction of ginsenosides from American ginseng. Microwave-assisted extraction method was determined to have higher extraction rate than both room temperature extraction and reflux temperature extraction using hotplate heating indicating that there is acceleration factor in enhancing the extraction rate beyond the temperature influence.<br>In the study of synthesizing n-butyl paraben, microwave-assisted synthesis was observed to greatly increase the yield of n-butyl paraben in much shorter period of time compared to the classic synthesis method. A transition state theory was proposed to explain this rate enhancement. The study of the synthesis of parabens with different alcohol and the influencing factors on the synthesis of n-butyl paraben yield were also studied.<br>A visualization method was developed to determine the microwave distribution in a domestic microwave cavity. The method uses gypsum plate as carrier and cobalt chloride as indictor. A simulation program was developed using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) approach and written in C programming language. The program was proved to be very versatile in different type of cavity simulation. Not only cavities with different dimensions and geometrical designs can be simulated, multiple magnetrons and various ways of magnetron placement can also be integrated into the simulation program. The detailed power distribution can be visualized in a 3-D plot, and the power distribution in each layer can be analyzed using the simulation result. The power distribution information will be very useful and necessary before any real equipment development.

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31

Chan, Wing-yan Veronica, and 陳詠恩. "An examination of neuroprotective effects of 17B-estradiol and extracts from Panax Quinquefolius L., Ginkgo Biloba and HypericumPerforatum against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)induced nigral-striatal neuronal degeneration." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3122720X.

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32

Waggoner, Eliza K. "America Singing Loud: Shifting Representations of American National Identity in Allen Ginsberg and Walt Whitman." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1336052921.

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33

Garcez, Matias Corbett. "Tropical ginsberg." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/94285.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente, Florianópolis, 2010<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T08:19:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 284580.pdf: 692634 bytes, checksum: e02d3520ecc7183395044d3614c5824f (MD5)<br>Through a dialogical relation between poems and song lyrics, and the socio-political contexts which surrounded these texts, this research discusses the resonance that North American poet, Allen Ginsberg, had over the Brazilian musical movement, the Tropicália. The corpora are the poems "Howl" (1956), "America" (1956), "Supermarket in California" (1955), "Sunflower Sutra" (1955), "Song" (1954), and "Wild Orphan" (1952), written by Allen Ginsberg, and the songs "Batmacumba" (1968), composed by Caetano Veloso, and Gilberto Gil, "Baby" (1968), composed by Caetano Veloso, "Geléia Geral" (1968), composed by Gilberto Gil and Torquato Neto, "Alegria, Alegria" (1967), composed by Caetano Veloso, and "Domingo no Parque" (1967), composed by Gilberto Gil. The main theoretical and critical parameters of this research include: Mikhail Bakhtin and his reflections on intertextuality; James J. Farrell, who believes that the American counterculture began with the Beats; Claudio Willer, who stresses the importance of Allen Ginsberg to the Beat movement, as well as to the birth of the American counterculture; Christopher Dunn, who emphasizes the historical, social, and political relevance of the Tropicália; and Celso Favaretto, who discusses in depth the complexity of most of the Tropicália songs. Based on such parameters, this research suggests that the life and work of Allen Ginsberg had great resonance over the creation of the Tropicália.<br>Através de uma relação dialógica entre poesia e letras de música e o contexto sócio-político que circundava tais textos, este estudo discute a ressonância que o poeta Norte Americano, Allen Ginsberg, teve sobre o movimento musical Brasileiro, a Tropicália. A corpora são os poemas "Howl" (1956), "America" (1956), "Supermarket in California" (1955), "Sunflower Sutra" (1955), "Song" (1954), e "Wild Orphan" (1952), escritos por Allen Ginsberg, e as músicas "Batmacumba" (1968), composta por Caetano Veloso, e Gilberto Gil, "Baby" (1968), composta por Caetano Veloso, "Geléia Geral" (1968), composta por Gilberto Gil e Torquato Neto, "Alegria, Alegria" (1967), composta por Caetano Veloso, e "Domingo no Parque" (1967), composta por Gilberto Gil. Os principais parâmetros teóricos e críticos desta pesquisa incluem: Mikhail Bakhtin e suas reflexões sobre intertextualidade; James J. Farrell, que acredita que a contracultura Americana começou com os Beats; também em Claudio Willer, que salienta a importância de Allen Ginsberg no movimento Beat e no nascimento da contracultura Americana; Christopher Dunn, que enfatiza a relevância histórica, social e política da Tropicália; e Celso Favaretto, que discute em profundidade a complexidade da grande maioria das músicas da Tropicália. Baseando-se em tais parâmetros identificados, esta dissertação sugere que a vida e obra de Allen Ginsberg tiveram grande ressonância sobre a criação da Tropicália.

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Birt, Brad. "Howl(-ing) at America: Foucauldian confession-asresistance in Howl and America by Allen Ginsberg." Thesis, Birt, Brad (2005) Howl(-ing) at America: Foucauldian confession-asresistance in Howl and America by Allen Ginsberg. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/53847/.

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In this thesis I provide readings of the long poems Howl and America by Allen Ginsberg. Locating the poems in their social, political and cultural context, I argue that Ginsberg is oppressed for his sexuality, drug use, mental fragility, political perspectives and concern for the marginalised. By drawing on notions of power relations, confession and resistance from Foucault’s The history of sexuality, volume one: an introduction, I outline a theoretical framework for the “confession-as-resistance” and argue that through his poetry it is possible for Ginsberg to simultaneously “confess” and “resist”. From his position of below-ness in relation to the various cultural and institutional structures that dominate him, Ginsberg offers, in his writing, confessions that simultaneously articulate the “truth” about himself and those close to him, and resist the domination that he experiences as a marginalised member of his society. He is able to do so because the act of confessing – a discourse in which the confessing subject is also the subject of the confession – mobilises his agency, reasserts his subjectivity and provides opportunities to resist, to counter the subordination he experiences. In chapter two I provide a close reading of Howl and suggest that Ginsberg’s resistance is possible because within the confession he has the opportunity to articulate a discourse of his choosing. The resistant confession is seen in the words he chooses, the people to whom he directs his confession, the form it assumes, and the “space” in which it is delivered. Focusing on America, in chapter three I develop the idea that in providing a confessional discourse the confessing subject can simultaneously interrogate those who oppress it, challenging assumptions about the unity of the subject and exposing its instability. In doing so, the potential for social change in the readers’ context – even beyond the poem – is realised. Reading Howl and America as instances of the confession-as-resistance produces enhanced readings of the poems that are valuable to contemporary readers because they address issues of inequality, oppression and the possibility of enacting one’s agency to effect social change.

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Chandarlapaty, Raj. "Kerouac, Ginsberg, Snyder: The beat generation reconsidered as postmodern literature." FIU Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2105.

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The purpose of this thesis paper is to uncover how the major writers of the Beat Generation-Kerouac, Ginsberg, and Snyder-reflect the coming of postmodern literary theory and aesthetic principles and values. The Beats, far from being the sole territory of modernist discourse, are indications of the dismantling of cultural barriers and the introduction of postmodern commercial and visual culture into literary reality. The paper considers and establishes the writing of the Beats within eight ideals that are found in postmodern literature, visual arts, and theory: the concept of culture as a commodity, the deterritorialization of culture, historicizing the past into the present, decentering American hegemony, deconstructing the “bourgeois ego”, deconstructing “otherness”, muti-imagistic qualities, and “schizophrenia”.

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Rupert, John. ""Notations of process of mind" in American poetry since 1945: Readings in Creeley, Whalen, Kerouac, and Ginsberg." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ28373.pdf.

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Bellarsi, Franca. "Confessions of a Western buddhist "Mirror-Mind": Allen Ginsberg as a Poet of the Buddhist "Void"." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211366.

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Alabdullah, Nada A. A. "The Beats: The Representation of a Battered Generation." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1398678807.

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Pojprasat, Somboon. "The role and treatment of the mind in American Buddhist poetry as depicted in some poems by Gary Snyder, Allen Ginsberg and Philip Whalen." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685208.

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The fact that American Buddhist poetry has a broad programme of matters and styles is more bewildering than clarifying. Although not apparently contradictory, this genre presents so wide a range of salient Buddhist teachings, such as karma, suffering, impermanence, emptiness and selflessness. In fact, a reader is not only engaged in these various abstruse teachings which intrinsically defy intellectual logic, but is also attuned into the different unconventional poetic prosodies. It is thus even more challenging to understand these poems. In order to equip the reader with pertinent knowledge and deepen their understanding, the fust and foremost issue lies in what the defining characteristics of this diverse genre are. This study made a thorough investigation of prominent works by three notable American Buddhist poets, namely Gary Snyder, Allen Ginsberg and Phi lip Whalen, all of whom make a significant contribution to this genre, both thematically and stylistically. The study has revealed that, with regard to poetic content, the mind among the various teachings constitutes the most central theme, and it also functions as the common underpinning among the three poets. Their constant observation of the mind is always present in their verse. While some of their poems mainly describe. the various natures of the mind ranging from its being loose and turbulent to its being still and calm, the other poems suggest their penetration into the higher truths based upon the tranquil and wise mind. Correspondingly, as far as poetic styles are concerned, the natures of the mind are instrumental in shaping and ornamenting the poems. When the mind wanders aimlessly, the poem looks less controlled witnessed by the irregularity of, or sometimes sheer absence of, line length, meter, rhythm and rhyme. That is to say, the poem isjust as fluid and free as the unstable mind. On the contrary, once the mind is focused and powerful enough to see the truths by itself, the poets' transcendental experience is deliberately conveyed in a poetics of deep consciousness of which meaning and form renders a mood of calmness, purity and epiphany. The three poets demonstrate such a change even within a single poem through a conspicuous alteration of versification: wisdom is expressed, and strictly traditional stanzaic patterns and aureate diction are then chosen. This dynamism is also characteristic of American Buddhist poems.

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Painter, Holly. "Wanderlust : a poetry collection : a thesis submitted to the University of Canterbury in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts in Creating Writing /." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Humanities, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2743.

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Makkos, Joseph. "Recursive Loops." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2006. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/357.

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De, Souza Leanne R. "The effect of root parts of Korean Red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) and alcohol extracts of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) and Korean Red ginseng on glycemic parameters." 2008. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=772043&T=F.

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Chiu, Kuan-Chi, and 邱冠錡. "Process Development of Fermented American Ginseng Beverage by Lactic Acid Bacteria." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69kts4.

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碩士<br>高苑科技大學<br>化工與生化工程研究所<br>103<br>The world economics persistently grows. People have more income available. The average life expectancy of people is prolonged due to superior medicine development. The aging society is coming currently. The health foods become a dramatically potential growing market. Ginseng and probiotics are widely regarded as health food. The prospect will be good if a new health food product is developed by combination of both Ginseng and probiotics. In this study, the lactic acid bacteria were screened and selected from an autologous fermentation of longan pulp. The lactic acid bacteria were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum by Gram stain and API methods. The Lactobacillus plantarum have shown the logarithmic growth in a range of 4-24 hours at YPD culture medium. The bacteria grown in MRS for 20 hours were transferred into aqueous extract of western ginseng root with various amount of carbon sources (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% sucrose) or (0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% skimmed milk powder) nitrogen sources to observe their growth condition. We found that 2% sucrose or 0.2% skim milk powder has the best bacteria growth for lactic acid bacteria, but it is no difference between 0.2% nitrogen and pure ginseng solution (control group). Therefore, the optimum growth for bacteria was determined to use ginseng root extract with 2% sucrose. After 48 hours fermentation in culture medium of ginseng root extract with 2% sucrose, the fermentation broths were analyzed their functionality. The experimental data have shown that the total polyphenolics, proteins, and amino acids are significantly higher in treatment group (2% sucrose) than that of control group (only ginseng root extract). The total sugar can be significantly reduced to a less concern by fermentation that is more beneficial to health protection. Therefore, the ginseng root extract fermented by lactic bacteria can improve the functional capacity of ginseng root extract. With aforementioned information, the fermented ginseng root extract can be used as a good functional health drink.

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Li, Yueh-Hua, and 李月華. "The Effects of American Ginseng Supplement on Cytokines after Exhaustive Exercise." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14494987790271474971.

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碩士<br>國立體育學院<br>運動科學研究所<br>93<br>Strenuous exercise induces increased levels in a number of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Data from clinical trials of animal suggest that saponins, which are the active constituents of ginsengs, have dual effects to immune cells and cytokines including promotion and inhibition. However, there is not much information about the effects of ginseng supplement on cytokines after exercise. A randomized, double blind, crossover was designed in this study. Six untrained healthy males were assigned to take either ginseng concentrate (400 mg American ginseng saponin x 4capsules/day) or placebo (hydroxymethylcellulose) for 4 wks. After the intervention, each subject performed treadmill running at 80% of maximal oxygen consumption until exhaustion. IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TNF-β levels in plasma were measured. The concentrations of IL-2 and TNF-βon day 7 after exercise in ginseng group were significantly lower than those values in placebo group. The concentrations of IL-4 and IFN-γat 2 hours and day 7 after exercise in ginseng group were significantly lower than those values in placebo group. The concentrations of IL-10 immediately, 2 hours, and day 7 after exercise in ginseng group were significantly lower than that value in placebo group (P<0.05). Ginseng supplementation may inhibit the cytokine production and decrease the degree of secondary damage of systemic tissues or organs.

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Cruse-Sanders, Jennifer M. "Conservation of genetic diversity in wild American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.)." 2003. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/cruse-sanders%5Fjennifer%5Fm%5F200305%5Fphd.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Georgia, 2003.<br>Directed by James L. Hamrick. Includes articles submitted to American journal of botany, Journal of heredity, and Biodiversity and conservation. Includes bibliographical references.

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Lee, Sharon Wai-Seung. "Evolution of the "shang" (American ginseng) industry in Marathon County, Wisconsin." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/41499323.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1998.<br>Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-155).

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Li, Tin-Jar, and 李定佳. "The protective mechanism of American ginseng in ethanol-induced gastric apoptosis." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79673947369703350200.

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碩士<br>國立體育大學<br>運動科學研究所<br>100<br>Emotional stress, heavy drinking, caffeinated drinks, infection of Helicobacter pylori and ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can caused gastric ulcers. Several studies reported that American Ginseng have various pharmacological activities including antioxidant activity, reduction of skeletal muscle cell membrane damage, immunomodulating activity, reduction of low density lipoprotein oxidation and reduction of hyperglycemic activity. But in the case of gastric ulcer, just has a few of study about it. In this study, we investigated the protective mechanism of American ginseng in ethanol-induced gastric apoptosis. 32 male Wistar rats, were randomly divided into four groups : Control (tap water 10 mL/kg) , American ginseng low dose (250 mg/kg), medium dose (500 mg/kg) and high dose (1250 mg/kg) , each group of 8 rats. After 60 min, 70 % ethanol was given orally to each animal at a dose of 10 mL/kg to induce gastric ulceration. Four hours after ethanol administration, the animals were sacrificed. Our results showed that American ginseng can significantly inhibited IL-1β and COX-2 to achieve the anti-inflammatory effect. In addition, American ginseng also can significantly increased in Bcl2, Bcl-XL, pBad activities and inhibited in t-Bid, Cytochrome c, caspase 9, caspase 3 activities. In conclusion, our results found that American ginseng can significantly inhibited inflammation and apoptosis of mitochondria pathway.

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Dascalu, Anamaria. "The effects of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) root on the postprandial glycemic response: Influence of ginseng batch, saponins and polysaccharides." 2006. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=450613&T=F.

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Tseng, Hung-Min, and 曾鋐閩. "American Ginseng and Swimming Combined Effect on Glucose Tolerance in Insulin Resistant Rats." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43851024684751202013.

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碩士<br>國立臺北教育大學<br>體育學系碩士班<br>101<br>Purpose: This study was to investigate the effects of American ginsengs combined with swimming on high-fructose diet induced insulin resistance rats. Methods: 28 eight weeks age Wister rats had free access to drinking water containing 21% fructose for 8 weeks to induce insulin resistance. The rats were divided into four groups randomly (Control, control exercise, ginseng, ginseng exercise), and underwent different treatments for another 28 days. After 28 days, OGTT was used to detect blood glucose (GAUC and HOMA-IR).One week later, the rats were anesthetized at which time liver was excised to measure glycogen, and red muscle of gastrocnemius and white muscle of gastrocnemius were excised to test GLUT4. Results: There were significant differences in the GAUC (d=1.476) and HOMA-IR (d=1.544) between control and ginseng exercise after 28 days intervention. Glycogen showed little difference in liver between control and ginseng exercise (d=0.122). Neither RG nor WG showed a difference ofGLUT4 between control and ginseng exercise (d=0.312). Conclusion: American ginsengs combined with swimming decreases blood glucose in insulin resistance rats, not due to the effects of glycogen and GLUT4. Key word: HOMA-IR、GAUC、Glycogen、GLUT4

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Bhardwaj, Jyoti. "The Therapeutic Effects of the Combined Use of American Ginseng (Panax Quinquefolius L.) Extract and Korean Red Ginseng (Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer) Extract in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Risk Factors." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/25431.

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Combination therapy has proven to be a popular treatment strategy for tighter diabetes control. Since the preliminary evidence is suggestive of complementary actions of American (AG) and Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) in improving glycemia, this project was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of AG and KRG in combination. Following a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel design in a population with diabetes at two centres, the combined use of AG and KRG for 12 weeks was safe, but did not significantly affect glycemic control, blood lipids or blood pressure. However, there was a trend toward lower glycated hemoglobin by 0.7% (p=0.1) and office systolic blood pressure by 5 mm Hg (p=0.052) compared to placebo. These findings encourage further investigation of the mechanism and roles of AG, KRG and their effective components. They also highlight limitations in ginseng research and the need to impose strict regulations to facilitate its standardization.

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