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Journal articles on the topic 'American Girl'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 June 2025

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1

Horrocks, Allison, and Mary Mahoney. "American Girls." Public Historian 43, no. 1 (2021): 164–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2021.43.1.164.

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Since Pleasant Rowland launched the American Girl brand in 1986, the popular dolls and books have inspired generations of young people. The American Girls Podcast, developed and produced by two historians, re-examines the world of American Girl, applying historical analysis and social commentary to understand how formative the brand was for their own and others’ lives. The podcast has also cultivated a community of listeners who continue to engage with the dolls and stories in innovative ways; in this way, the show serves as a forum for ongoing conversations about the meaning of American Girl.

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2

Acosta-Alzuru, C. ""I'm an American Girl ... Whatever That Means": Girls Consuming Pleasant Company's American Girl Identity." Journal of Communication 52, no. 1 (2002): 139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/joc/52.1.139.

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Acosta-Alzuru, Carolina, and Peggy J. Kreshel. "“I'm an American Girl … Whatever That Means”: Girls Consuming Pleasant Company's American Girl Identity." Journal of Communication 52, no. 1 (2002): 139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2002.tb02536.x.

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4

Nickens, Rachel E. "The Production of Neoliberal Girlhood in Girl Scout Daisies and Brownies." Girlhood Studies 18, no. 1 (2025): 90–108. https://doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2025.180107.

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Abstract For over a century, Girl Scouts of the United States of America (GSUSA) has shaped the experiences of American girls with a curriculum crafted in response to changing social conditions. In this article, I examine how the contemporary GSUSA organization seeks to develop the youngest Girl Scouts. Through an analysis of the Daisy and Brownie curriculum and the skill development encouraged by activity options, I demonstrate how GSUSA produces the neoliberal girl subject via the program pillars of STEM, Entrepreneurship, and Life Skills. Starting in kindergarten, Girl Scouts are encouraged to become can-do girls or future girls prepared for the global economy. I provide further evidence of the production of neoliberal girlhood and highlight how these efforts have extended to early elementary school.

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Parkin, Katherine. "Sadie Hawkins in American Life, 1937-1957." Journal of Family History 46, no. 4 (2021): 391–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03631990211021153.

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In 1937, Al Capp introduced Sadie Hawkins Day in his Li’l Abner comic strip. In its first year, Americans embraced the day with girl-chase-boy races and girl-ask-boy fall dances. Cream of Wheat used Sadie Hawkins to sell their cereal, further entrenching it in American life. Sadie Hawkins purported to be an empowering opportunity for girls. However, a belief that men feared marriage, even to beautiful women, and that women were always desperate to be dating and married, fueled the passion for this traditional, heteronormative phenomenon. Capp’s misogyny led him to sort single women into desirable and undesirable categories.

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Rosner, Molly. "The American Girl Company and the Uses of Nostalgia in Children’s Consumer Culture." Jeunesse: Young People, Texts, Cultures 6, no. 2 (2014): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jeunesse.6.2.35.

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Since the mid-1980s, thousands of girls have encountered history through the American Girl books, dolls, and merchandise. Drawing on the work of Fredric Jameson and Arjun Appadurai, both of whom comment on the ways in which historical narratives are always imbued with nostalgia, this paper argues that by creating purchasable “artifacts” for dolls, American Girl has drawn on nostalgic consumer impulses to create longing for an imagined and sanitized history. As American Girl has changed its focus from historical dolls to contemporary dolls, its message has become more focused on individuality, fashion, and personal improvement.

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7

Speltz, Mark. "No Ordinary American Girl." Public Historian 43, no. 1 (2021): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2021.43.1.123.

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8

de Jesús, Melinda Luisa. "Art School Grrls Hack the Girl Culture Final." Girlhood Studies 15, no. 3 (2022): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2022.150310.

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Since 2008 I have had the pleasure of teaching Girl Culture at California College of the Arts (CCA), a private art/design college located in the San Francisco Bay Area. This article features student zines from Girl Culture at this college. Girl Culture is part of the school’s general studies curriculum in the Humanities and Sciences at the upper division (junior and senior) level. The course title comes from Sherrie Inness’s foundational anthology defining American Girlhood Studies in the twentieth century, Delinquents and Debutantes (1998), in which she notes,"Too often girls’ culture is shunted aside by scholars as less significant or less important than the study of adult women’s issues, but girls’ culture is what helps to create not just an individual woman but all women in our society. (11, emphasis in original)"Girl Culture explores the myriad forces that have an impact on American girls’ lives today and seeks to identify the places where artists and designers can best advocate for girl-centric liberation, autonomy, and joy.

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9

Bussey, Nicole. "Deconstructing Desire: Criticism of Western Romantic Narratives in Mitski's "Your Best American Girl" Music Video." Nota Bene: Canadian Undergraduate Journal of Musicology 17, no. 1 (2024): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/notabene.v17i1.17194.

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Mitski Miyawaki, a Japanese American indie-rock artist professionally known as Mitski, wrote her 2016 song, “Your Best American Girl,” from the perspective of a woman who is unable to have a relationship with her love interest due to their different racial and cultural backgrounds. The accompanying music video engages with the song’s social message while adding nuance and complexity to it. Many of the lyrics portray Mitski’s feelings of isolation as an Asian American woman, especially through their employment of Japanese cultural symbols, while the music video uses parody, camera angles, and Americana iconography to further illustrate Mitski’s experiences of isolation. This essay analyzes the subtle ways in which “Your Best American Girl” subverts Asian stereotypes and destabilizes white patriarchal structures that are perpetrated by popular media, particularly through white centrality in the indie-rock genre. Comparison of “Your Best American Girl” to Lana Del Rey’s “Born to Die” music video reveals how “Your Best American Girl” uses parody techniques to criticize this white centrality. Further, its references to PJ Harvey allows Mitski to occupy a similar position of musical authenticity and command respect. Through lyrical, musical, and visual storytelling, “Your Best American Girl” chronicles Mitski’s journey towards self-acceptance, while critiquing the pervasive whiteness in romantic narratives.

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10

Goerisch, Denise. "Operation Thin Mint: Popular Geopolitics of Care and Post-9/11 Girlhood." YOUNG 27, no. 2 (2018): 108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308818769747.

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In response to the events of 9/11, the Girl Scouts of San Diego created a service programme within the annual Girl Scout cookie sale called Operation Thin Mint, which sends cookies to soldiers serving overseas. Representations of American patriotism and national identity are featured prominently throughout the cookie sale as girls come to embody America’s role in overseas military conflicts, an embodiment of everyday geopolitical processes that frame the US military as protector of American innocence, ideals and values. Scouts come to engage with political and economic systems that position them beyond their communities as they ‘sell the nation’ to consumers as a form of care, blurring the boundaries between the public and private spheres as well as the local and global. Based on an in-depth ethnographic study on the Girl Scout cookie sale, this article will examine the complex gendered relationship between the American military, girls’ bodies and care.

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11

Lopez, Linda C., and Penelope A. Hamlin. "Use of Smokeless Tobacco by Mexican-American High School Students." Psychological Reports 77, no. 3 (1995): 808–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.808.

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A survey of 208 girls and 191 boys attending a public high school in southwestern New Mexico was conducted to examine students' use of smokeless tobacco products. One Mexican-American girl identified herself as a user of chewing tobacco. Of the boys 8% (17) indicated that they used chewing tobacco and 7% (15) reported that they dipped snuff. 6% (12) indicated use of both snuff and chewing tobacco. The boys included 152 Mexican-Americans of whom 7% used smokeless tobacco and 26 Anglo-Americans of whom 34% were users.

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Beydoun, Noha. "Girl in American Flag Hijab." Girlhood Studies 16, no. 3 (2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2023.160303.

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Abstract In this article, I analyze the American flag as hijab both in the infamous “We the People” (2017) campaign poster by Shepard Fairey and its adaptation by Muslim girls and young women during protests against President Trump's inauguration and subsequent immigration policies (including the infamous Muslim Ban). Despite critical acclaim that hailed the American flag hijab largely as revolutionary, I argue that it embodies a symbolic visualization of a liberated Muslim woman figure that is central to the survival of American imperialism. Using frameworks that understand freedom shaped by neoliberal interests and interrogating the histories of the flag in both American immigration and colonial contexts, I demonstrate that the American flag as hijab for girls and women reinforces the larger constructs it seeks to resist.

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13

Shrestha, Ravi Kumar. "Divided Consciousness in The Bluest Eye." Cognition 4, no. 1 (2022): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cognition.v4i1.46479.

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Toni Morrison’s novel The Bluest Eye uncovers the identity conflicts between the African- Americans and the whites due to the notions of Eurocentrism, America-centrism, racism, and dominance of the west over the east. This paper explores an African-American girl Pecola’s divided identity because of the reasons such as Dominance of West over the East, Being Black Immigrant, Lack of Recognition from Home and Society, Racism, and Poverty and Lack of Social security. The tragic part of their getting victimized is that due to the white standard of beauty even blacks regard themselves ugly and inferior, which gets analyzed by the use of W. E. B. Du Bois’ theory of double consciousness. Though the novel shows both reasons and consequences of an African-American girl Pecola’s divided identity, my paper mainly focuses on the reasons for Pecola’s divided identity.

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14

Mack, Kimberly. "She's A Country Girl All Right." Journal of Popular Music Studies 32, no. 2 (2020): 144–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jpms.2020.32.2.144.

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Classically trained vocalist, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and 2017 MacArthur “Genius” Fellow Rhiannon Giddens has in recent years enjoyed increased visibility in the contemporary country music world. In 2016, she was a featured singer on Eric Church's top-ten country hit, “Kill a Word,” and she won the Steve Martin Prize for Excellence in Banjo and Bluegrass that same year. Giddens also had a recurring role as social worker Hanna Lee “Hallie” Jordan on the long-running musical drama Nashville in 2017 and 2018. While Giddens now enjoys a certain degree of acceptance in the country music world, she has not always felt included in the various largely white, contemporary American roots scenes. As such, she continues to speak out to audiences and the press about the erasure of African Americans from histories of string music, bluegrass, country, and other styles and forms of American roots music. Using Giddens's 2017 International Bluegrass Music Association (IBMA) keynote, and the Carolina Chocolate Drops' music video for the song “Country Girl” from 2012's Leaving Eden, I demonstrate that Giddens effectively reclaims American old-time string music and country culture as black, subverting historically inaccurate racialized notions of country music authenticity.

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Kelly, Patricia J., Tess J. Bobo, Kate McLachlan, Shana Avery, and Sandra K. Burge. "Girl World: A Primary Prevention Program for Mexican American Girls." Health Promotion Practice 7, no. 2 (2006): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839905281306.

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16

Stodolinska, Yuliya. "Oceanic Spaces in American Girl Historical and Contemporary Literary Discourse." Libri et liberi 10, no. 2 (2021): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.21066/carcl.libri.10.2.1.

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The American Girl series is a constantly evolving book series for children featuring the lives of girls living in different historical periods of the US, starting from the colonial era up to nowadays. The aim of this paper is to study the verbal and nonverbal portrayal of the oceanic spaces of the past in the books about the historical characters and their rediscovery in the books about the contemporary characters. An attempt is made to analyse the different roles of oceanic images in stories of migration and mobility of the American Girls, their families, friends, acquaintances both in the past and in the present. The images of the oceans in the books about the historical characters and in those about the contemporary characters are analysed separately and the results are compared and contrasted. It is assumed that the oceans which are depicted both verbally and nonverbally in the American Girl series have become not only territorial borders for some of the characters but also metaphoric ones.

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17

Gasztold, Brygida. "An Immigrant Novel Revisited: Jean Kwok’s Girl in Translation." Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia 19 (2021): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843925sj.21.006.16415.

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The article explores the genre of immigrant narrative, comparing two early-twentieth century novels written by the Jewish-American writers Mary Antin and Anzia Yezierska with a contemporary novel penned by the Chinese-American author Jean Kwok. Taking adaptation theory (Sanders 2006 and Hutcheon 2006) as a starting point, I examine how Kwok’s novel adapts, revises, and reimagines a familiar pattern across time and cultures in order to make it representative of Chinese Americans. The analysis draws attention to experiences of Chinese immigrant women, their class membership and socio-economic status.

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18

Ouellette, Laurie. "Inventing the Cosmo Girl: class identity and girl-style American dreams." Media, Culture & Society 21, no. 3 (1999): 359–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016344399021003004.

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Grimes, Stephanie. "“African American Girl” by Stephanie Grimes." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 55, no. 10 (2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20170908-01.

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20

Haghanikar, Taraneh M. "I, Jill Alexander, American Girl Revolutionary." World Journal of Educational Research 9, no. 3 (2022): p34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjer.v9n3p34.

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Analyzing the insider-outsider continuum in Remembrance of the Sun (1986, 2011) by Kate Gilmore, the purpose of this paper is to reveal different levels of being a female outsider protagonist moving along the insider-outsider continuum, maintaining an outsider voice, and at the same time developing an insider perspective. Remembrance of the Sun is a historical fiction authored by an outsider and set in 1978, one year before the Islamic revolution in Iran. After moving from New England to Tehran, Jill, a seventeen-year-old American girl, struggles to adjust to an unfamiliar lifestyle. However, her experience becomes a story of love and fascination when she meets Shaheen, the charismatic Iranian boy who is the first French horn player in the high school band. Frequently, Jill as an outsider to Persian culture is aligning herself with Shaheen’s culture and their romance acts as a bridge, between two seemingly disparate cultures. Remembrance of the Sun reinforces that insider-outsider status is not fixed but situated within a continuum in a state of flux. The innocence of Jill and Shaheen’s romance moves “Jill Alexander, American girl revolutionary” (p. 170) toward the insider position. At the end, Jill, crosses American-Iranian cultural gap with her own pace.

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21

Boman, H., M. Hermodson, C. A. Hammond, and A. G. Motulsky. "Analbuminemia in an American Indian girl." Clinical Genetics 9, no. 5 (2008): 513–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.1976.tb01606.x.

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22

Trafton, Adeline. "An American Girl at Napoleon's Tomb." New England Review 44, no. 3 (2023): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ner.2023.a908960.

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23

Zaslow, Emilie. "Which Vitamins are in the Chocolate Cake? How American Girl Marketing Has Responded to Shifting Discourses About Gender and Race." Public Historian 43, no. 1 (2021): 18–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2021.43.1.18.

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Pleasant Rowland, who founded the American Girl historical doll, accessory, and book collection in the mid-1980s, claimed that her dolls were like “chocolate cake with vitamins,” enjoyable, but also educational. Although history has always played a part in the American Girl brand, its role has fluctuated over time in concert with changing social discourses about gender and race in American culture. This essay explores how the brand has engaged with these shifting discourses over the last thirty years as it determines how to invite children and their parents to encounter the brand’s retelling of the past. How have the “vitamins” that Rowland imagined for her consumers changed over time as the seventeen historical characters have been created, rebranded, and marketed in contemporary America?

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Parramore, Keith, and Joan Stephens. "Two girls – the value of information." Mathematical Gazette 98, no. 542 (2014): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025557200001273.

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We came across the ‘two girls’ version of the children's gender problem nearly 35 years ago. How we came to it we cannot remember, but Martin Gardner had published a variant of it in the Scientific American in 1959. It re-emerged for us in the summer of 2010, following the publication of an article in Science News [1]. Subsequently Keith Devlin wrote about how this re-emergence impacted on him, and noting that ‘Probability Can Bite“ [2]. The mathematics herein reflects and extends that in Devlin's article.In case the reader has not encountered the problem before, we first pose four problems.1. A family has two children. One of them is a girl. What is the probability that they are both girls?2. A family has two children. The younger is a girl. What is the probability that they are both girls?3. A family has two children. One of them is a girl, and she was born on a Tuesday. What is the probability that they are both girls?4. A family has two children. One of them is a girl, and she has green hair. What is the probability that they are both girls?

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Sugiarto, Diktha Aurilya Ghardini Novi, Irana Astutiningsih, and Sukarno Sukarno. "THE DIASPORIC LIFE OF PAKISTANI-AMERICAN GIRL IN DUR E AZIZ AMNA’S AMERICAN FEVER." ISLLAC : Journal of Intensive Studies on Language, Literature, Art, and Culture 7, no. 2 (2023): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um006v7i22023p352-374.

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American Fever is a novel that tells the story of a high school girl from Pakistan named Hira who joins a student exchange program for 1 year in America. As a diaspora subject, Hira's arrival to America raises issues related to identity. Hira is seen as a stranger and she also has difficulty to adapt in a new environment with the different culture from Pakistan. Therefore, Bhabha's theory of postcolonialism is applied in this study. This thesis aims to reveal the cultural strategy undertaken by Hira to survive in America by connecting with contextual conditions and to find out the author's views on diaspora issues through the novels she wrote. This thesis is a critical-qualitative study. Primary data are from novels and secondary data are from the internet, books and articles. The results of the analysis of this novel show that as a diaspora subject, Hira experiences a phase of 'unhomeliness' caused by her first arrival to America. Then, to overcome this condition, Hira applies a cultural adjustment known as mimicry. The result of mimicry is that Hira has hybrid identity, as a Pakistani and an American. Amna, as the author of this novel conveyed her idea regarding the issue of diaspora that he experienced in 2008 that diaspora subjects will experience 3 phases namely 'unhomeliness', mimicry, and hybridity when they come to the host country. In conclusion, Bhabha's postcolonial theory is related to the events in American Fever which are the depiction of the author's personal experience as a diaspora subject in the past.

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Howard, Christy M., and Caitlin L. Ryan. "Black Tween Girls with Black Girl Power: Reading Models of Agency in Rita Williams-Garcia’s One Crazy Summer." Language Arts 94, no. 3 (2017): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/la201728910.

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This descriptive content analysis of Williams-Garcia’s One Crazy Summer examines the ways in which Delphine, the African American female main character, is represented throughout the novel as she navigates the challenges she faces as a tween Black girl in the midst of the Black Panthers movement. Delphine’s story fills a gap in children’s literature that fails to focus on the experiences of tween black girls, particularly girls who work to enact change and agency throughout their community. This analysis of Williams-Garcia’s award-winning work examines the spaces “between” young girls’ adult influences, their geographical locations, and their understanding of what it means to be Black. For Delphine, navigating these components means learning from others while finding a way to “make and remake” her own Black girl power and Black girl magic even in the midst of change, uncertainty, and societal power structures.

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Cummings, Kelsey. "Gendered Choices: Examining the Mechanics of Mobile and Online Girl Games." Television & New Media 19, no. 1 (2017): 24–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527476417697269.

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This article analyzes girl games, a subgenre of casual mobile and online games created and marketed for preteen girls. Through an examination of Barbie Fashionistas, Style Studio: Fashion Designer, and Central Park Wedding Prep, all of which are representative of traditional dress-up and makeover-oriented girl games, I explore how seemingly broad mechanics-based choices available to players within the games reinforce and respond to patriarchal ideologies, and argue that the mechanics of mobile and online girl games serve gendered and neoliberal ends both in game and in the larger context of North American gaming culture. Conducting close readings on and accounting for the mechanics of an understudied genre within the field to advocate for greater study of both game mechanics and girl games, I demonstrate how the availability of choice intrinsic in girl games provides opportunity to explore how players are constructed as neoliberal subjects.

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Paterson, Hannah, and Pauline Greenhill. "Disrupting Mainstream Girl Power through Intersectional Feminism in The Wilds." Girlhood Studies 18, no. 1 (2025): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2025.180102.

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Abstract In Western society, girlhood and girl power are constructed largely in terms of white heteronormativity. Correspondingly, American television neglects to portray diverse girlhoods and modes of empowerment realistically, privileging white, cis-hetero representations. However, the teen drama series The Wilds offers a somewhat nuanced portrayal of girls, racial diversity, and queerness. We apply intersectional feminist critiques of girlhood and girl power to assess how The Wilds challenges US media industry norms by centering young, empowered Indigenous and queer girls, as well as to examine how the series represents feminism. We argue that more diverse portrayals of girlhood and empowerment in the media are needed as these may promote greater self-acceptance amongst BIPOC and 2SLGBTQIA+ girls.

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Khan, Mahruq F., and Marcia Hermansen. "Muslim Girl Studies." American Journal of Islam and Society 25, no. 4 (2008): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v25i4.1448.

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A colloquium on “girl studies,” organized by Marcia Hermansen (director,IslamicWorld Studies) and Laura Miller (professor, Department of Anthropology)took place on 12 April 2008, at Loyola University Chicago.Presently, the study of adolescent females – increasingly referred to as girlstudies – as a separate realm of focus is a contested idea in academe.Supporters claim that girl studies is a worthwhile research domain due to theprior disregard for age within women’s studies and gender within youth studies.Detractors note that the category and boundaries of what is considered a “girl” are unstable and historically and culturally varied. More specifically,such scholars as Sharon R. Mazzarella, Norma Odom Pecora, and CatherineDriscoll have argued that over time, literature, popular reading, and consumerismhave become the means through which the mainstream culture instructsgirls on how to become women. In turn, many girls negotiate their interests,sexual expression, body image, and rites of passage in culturally approvedways. Other girls, however, engage in personal, subjective interpretation byrejecting hegemonic standards of femininity in a post-industrial western worldand often in the context of violence, displacement, and resistance.Loyola’s conference highlighted the impact of mainstream norms andethnocentrism in girl studies by including scholarship from a range ofAmerican and non-American cultural contexts. We investigated how girls’lives are constructed in an era of massive change as communities around theworld experience processes of both globalization and localization ...

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Flint, Kate. "The American Girl and the New Woman." Women's Writing 3, no. 3 (1996): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969908960030303.

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Kapsalis, Terri. "Making Babies the American Girl®Way." Baffler 15 (November 2002): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/bflr.2002.15.29.

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32

Schalk, Sami. "BeForever?: Disability in American Girl Historical Fiction." Children's Literature 45, no. 1 (2017): 164–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chl.2017.0008.

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Tibbetts, John C. "Mary Pickford and the American “Growing Girl”." Journal of Popular Film and Television 29, no. 2 (2001): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01956050109601009.

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34

Wanzo, Rebecca. "Ghosts of Cho." Film Quarterly 77, no. 2 (2023): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2023.77.2.62.

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Nearly thirty years ago, Margaret Cho broke new ground as the star of ABC’s All-American Girl, the first network sitcom to have a predominantly Asian American cast. Cho’s series proved controversial, however, in its assimilationist politics and performance of negative ethnic stereotypes, and was canceled after only one year. In this article, FQ columnist Rebecca Wanzo traces the genealogy of Asian American sitcoms from All-American Girl to more recent productions such as Fresh Off the Boat, American Born Chinese, and PEN15. Interrogating the complex negotiations with race and representation in these series, the column concludes that the performance of abjection in Asian American comedy remains vexed.

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Abbas, Abbas. "THE REALITY OF AMERICAN NATION SLAVERY IN THE NOVEL INCIDENTS IN THE LIFE OF A SLAVE GIRL BY HARRIET ANN JACOBS." JURNAL ILMU BUDAYA 8, no. 1 (2020): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.34050/jib.v8i1.9672.

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This article discusses the social facts experienced by Americans in literature, especially novel. Literary work as a social documentation imagined by the author is a reflection of the values of a nation or ethnicity. The main objective of research is to trace the reality of slavery that occurred in America as a social fact in literary works. This research is useful in strengthening the sociological aspects of literary works as well as proving that literary works save a social reality at the time so that readers are able to judge literary works not merely as fiction, but also as social documentation. The writer in this study uses one of the literary research methods, namely Genetic Structuralism Approach. This method emphasizes three main aspects, namely literary work, the background of the author's life, and social reality. Novel Incidents In The Life Of A Slave Girl written by Harriet Ann Jacobs in 1858 was used as primary research data, then a number of references about the author's social background and the reality of slavery in the history of the American nation became secondary data. Primary and secondary research data obtained through literature study. Based on the results of this study found the events of slavery in the history of the American nation. Slavery was the act of white Americans forcibly employing black Negroes on the lands of plantation and agricultural also mining areas. Slavery is a valuable lesson for Americans in protecting human rights today as well as a historic lesson in building the American national spirit, namely freedom, independence, and democracy. The reality of slavery is reflected in the novel Incidents In The Life Of A Slave Girl as well as the life experience of its author, Harriet Ann Jacobs.

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V. Sritharan, Durga. "Thoughts of The Little Brown Girl." JCSCORE 8, no. 2 (2022): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2642-2387.2022.8.2.165-167.

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In this poem, the author highlights the internal struggles of racial and ethnic discrimination, including the feeling of guilt and the art of code-switching. The author is a Sri Lankan-American woman, who has witnessed and experienced discrimination and wonders if her feelings of confusion are valid, as her parents, who immigrated to the United States, changed her life trajectory before she was born. She writes this poem to emphasize that pursuing the American Dream can still lead to continuous race- and ethnicity-focused challenges and accounts of proving one’s worth. Her reflection inspired this poem upon growing up in a predominantly white area and her growing passion for research and education surrounding race and ethnicity.

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Mahdi, Duaa Abd Al-Haleem, and Israa Burhanuddin. "Pragmatic Study of Bullying in “An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong” Movie." APLIKATIF: Journal of Research Trends in Social Sciences and Humanities 2, no. 2 (2023): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.59110/aplikatif.v2i2.258.

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This study explores the phenomenon of bullying as a prominent sociocultural element within the American film "An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong" serve the dual purpose of providing amusement to audiences while also conveying messages of communication, morality, culture, society, and education. In addition to that, bullying remains a widespread problem within the educational institutions. Students, especially those with special cases are constant victims of bullying. The data will be subjected to analysis based on pragmatic theories, such as speech acts and strategies of impoliteness. The questions that the paper tries to answer are: what are the types of verbal bullying and its directness, what are the types of speech acts, what are the illocutionary acts and the directness of speech acts, and what are the impoliteness strategies? This study aims to identify the types and directness of verbal bullying, investigate the types of speech acts in the selected data whether it is used directly or indirectly, identifying the illocutionary acts, and investigating the impoliteness strategies and it is sub-types in "An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong" movie. Working on these aims, it is hypothesized that direct verbal bullying of verbal abuse is the predominant type, all the types of speech acts are employed by bullies, the impoliteness strategies are used equally. The study's findings indicate that the predominant kind of bullying observed is direct verbal bullying, characterized by instances of verbal abuse and name-calling. The direct expressive speech acts of mocking/taunting are widely used by girls in "An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong" movie. Positive impoliteness strategy is the most frequent strategy.

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Sweigart-Gallagher, Angela, and Victoria P. Lantz. "Staging American girlhood the pleasant way: Centering girls in history and performance with the American Girl Theater kits." Youth Theatre Journal 34, no. 1 (2020): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08929092.2020.1729916.

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Bailey, Candace. "The Antebellum "Piano Girl" in the American South." Performance Practice Review 13, no. 1 (2008): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5642/perfpr.200813.01.01.

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Halttunen, Karen, and Martha Banta. "The Life and Times of the American Girl." American Quarterly 41, no. 1 (1989): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2713207.

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F. Sherry, John. "The Work of Play at American Girl Place." Social Psychology Quarterly 72, no. 3 (2009): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019027250907200301.

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Parikh, Crystal. "On the Road Again with the American Girl." College Literature 44, no. 4 (2017): 491–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lit.2017.0028.

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Stevenson, Deborah. "All-American Muslim Girl by Nadine Jolie Courtney." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 73, no. 3 (2019): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2019.0742.

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Dancer, Faye, and John Holway. "Confessions of an All-American Girl: Madonna's Model." NINE: A Journal of Baseball History and Culture 9, no. 1 (2000): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nin.2001.0011.

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Davion, Victoria. "The American Girl: Playing with the Wrong Dollie?" Metaphilosophy 47, no. 4-5 (2016): 571–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/meta.12219.

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Salsabila, Khirza, and Hasnul Insani Djohar. "Sarcasm in Nadine Courtney's All-American Muslim Girl." HUMANIKA 30, no. 2 (2024): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/humanika.v30i2.57544.

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This research examines how prejudice appears in Nadine Courtney’s All American Muslim Girl (2019) and investigates how the novel uses sarcasm to resist prejudice. This research engages with Elisabeth Camp's sarcasm theory and Gordon Willard Allport's concept of prejudice. Employing a qualitative research methodology, the research utilizes close textual analysis to dissect dialogues among characters as the primary data source. Based on the research findings, this research identifies two levels of prejudice within the novel All American Muslim Girl. The findings show that sarcasm is a useful technique for expressing opposition and resisting prejudice. By using biting and sarcastic words, it can effectively counter prejudice and stereotypes. In conclusion, through biting and satirical language, the characters adeptly contradicted stereotypes and resisted prejudice, emphasizing sarcasm's unique potential as an intelligent aesthetic and social strategy. This research underlines the importance of sarcasm in fostering insightful dialogue and promoting social change by countering prejudice in contemporary Muslimah or Muslim women’s literature.

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Baumgartner, Kabria. "Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Education and Abolition." Ethnic Studies Review 32, no. 2 (2009): 52–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2009.32.2.52.

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Some thirty years before Harriet Ann Jacobs opened the Jacobs Free School in Alexandria, Virginia in January 1864, one of her first students was her fifty-threeyear-old uncle, Fred. The seventeen-year-old Harriet appreciated her uncle's “most earnest desire to learn to read” and promised to teach him.1 As slaves, both teacher and student risked the punishment of “thirtynine lashes on [the] bare back” as well as imprisonment for violating North Carolina's anti-literacy laws targeting African Americans.2 Nevertheless they agreed to meet three times a week in a “quiet nook” where she instructed him in secret.3 While the primary goal for him was to read the Bible, this moment in Jacobs' slave narrative Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl revealed her early commitment to African American literacy and education as well as her rejection of the laws of American slavery. In that moment, the vocations of education and abolition took root for Harriet Jacobs.

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Saxon, Theresa. "‘Sexual Transgression on the American Stage: Clyde Fitch,Saphoand the “American Girl” ’." Literature Compass 10, no. 10 (2013): 735–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lic3.12101.

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Paguio, Ligaya Palang, Patsy Skeen, and Bryan E. Robinson. "Perceptions of the Ideal Child among Employed and Nonemployed American and Filipino Mothers." Perceptual and Motor Skills 65, no. 3 (1987): 707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.65.3.707.

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This study examined differences in 64 American and 58 Filipino employed and nonemployed mothers' perceptions of the ideal child, measured on Torrance's Ideal Child Checklist. There were no differences in perceptions of the ideal boy and girl among these groups: however, significant differences were found in perceptions of the ideal girl between employed and nonemployed mothers, regardless of culture. Employed mothers desired the ideal girl to be more confident, aggressive, well-adjusted than did the nonemployed mothers. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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Raftery, Judith R. "La Girl Filipina: Paz Marquez Benitez, Brokering Cultures." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 9, no. 2 (2010): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400003960.

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A 1910Normal School Yearbookfeatured six young women in basketball uniforms. Sixteen-year-old Paz Marquez, the tallest among them and the captain of the team, looks out unsmilingly. In the early years of the century, photographs of women's basketball teams appeared in hundreds of normal-school yearbooks across the American landscape, but this photo came from the normal school in Manila. Two years later, sharing another American ritual, the former team captain graced the cover of the weekly magazineRenacimiento Filipino, this time dressed in a luxurious gown befitting the Queen of the Carnival. That same year, 1912, Paz Marquez graduated with a B.A. in the first class from the College of Liberal Arts at the newly formed, secular University of the Philippines. Participating in commonplace American events, Paz Marquez (later Benitez) acted as a bridge, a link, between two cultures. Over the next decades, Paz continued in this role. In addition, however, she also became a cultural broker, as she confronted the conundrum that the use of English as the official language had imposed on Filipino culture. In these ways, Paz illustrates the complicated and intriguing story of U.S. nation-building from an intimate and distinctly Philippine viewpoint.

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