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Journal articles on the topic 'American Hospital'

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Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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1

Shariff-Marco, Salma, Libby Ellis, Juan Yang, et al. "Hospital Characteristics and Breast Cancer Survival in the California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium." JCO Oncology Practice 16, no. 6 (2020): e517-e528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/op.20.00064.

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INTRODUCTION: Racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer survival are well documented, but the influence of health care institutions is unclear. We therefore examined the effect of hospital characteristics on survival. METHODS: Harmonized data pooled from 5 case-control and prospective cohort studies within the California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium were linked to the California Cancer Registry and the California Neighborhoods Data System. The study included 9,701 patients with breast cancer who were diagnosed between 1993 and 2007. First reporting hospitals were classified by hospital type—National Cancer Institute (NCI) –designated cancer center, American College of Surgeons (ACS) Cancer Program, other—and hospital composition of the neighborhood socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity of patients with cancer. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for clinical and patient-level prognostic factors were used to examine the influence of hospital characteristics on survival. RESULTS: Fewer than one half of women received their initial care at an NCI-designated cancer center (5%) or ACS program (38%) hospital. Receipt of initial care in ACS program hospitals varied by race/ethnicity—highest among non-Latina White patients (45%), and lowest among African Americans (21%). African-American women had superior breast cancer survival when receiving initial care in ACS hospitals versus other hospitals (non-ACS program and non–NCI-designated cancer center; hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.83). Other hospital characteristics were not associated with survival. CONCLUSION: African American women may benefit significantly from breast cancer care in ACS program hospitals; however, most did not receive initial care at such facilities. Future research should identify the aspects of ACS program hospitals that are associated with higher survival and evaluate strategies by which to enhance access to and use of high-quality hospitals, particularly among African American women.

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2

Weinstein, Robert A., and Gina Pugliese. "The American Hospital Association." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 15, no. 4 (1994): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30145579.

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3

Shortell, Stephen M., Robin R. Gillies, and Kelly J. Devers. "Reinventing the American Hospital." Milbank Quarterly 73, no. 2 (1995): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3350254.

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Weinstein, Robert A., and Gina Pugliese. "The American Hospital Association." Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 15, no. 4 (1994): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646907.

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5

Rivers, Patrick Asubonteng, and Sejong Bae. "The Relationship between Hospital Characteristics and the Cost of Hospital Care." Health Services Management Research 13, no. 4 (2000): 256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095148480001300406.

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This article examines the relationship between hospital characteristics and costs of hospital care, using the 1991 American Hospital Association Annual Survey of Hospitals. The results discussed herein have implications for hospital executives, researchers and policymakers.

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6

Boghossian, Nansi S., Lucy T. Greenberg, Jeffrey S. Buzas, et al. "Racial and Ethnic Inequalities in Actual vs Nearest Delivery Hospitals." JAMA Network Open 8, no. 3 (2025): e251404. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.1404.

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ImportanceMinoritized racial and ethnic groups, such as American Indian and Black individuals, often receive lower quality health care compared with White individuals. There is limited understanding of how these disparities extend to obstetric care, particularly when comparing the quality of care at the actual delivery hospital vs the nearest obstetric hospital based on the birthing individual’s residence.ObjectiveTo examine inequality in care based on the actual delivery hospital and the closest delivery hospital to the birthing individual’s residential zip code centroid.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based retrospective cohort study used data from 5 states (2008 to 2020 for Michigan, Oregon, and South Carolina; 2008 to 2018 for Pennsylvania; and 2008 to 2012 for California). Individuals delivering a fetal death or a live birth with gestational age between 22 to 44 weeks were included. Analysis was conducted between February and August 2024.ExposureRace and ethnicity.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe obstetric inequality index was calculated using Gini coefficients from Lorenz curves for American Indian, Asian, Black, and Hispanic birthing individuals compared with White individuals, with hospitals ranked by their standardized morbidity ratio for nontransfusion severe maternal morbidity.ResultsThere were 6 418 635 birthing individuals across 549 hospitals (23 050 American Indian individuals [0.4%], 463 342 Asian individuals [7.2%], 807 738 Black individuals [12.6%], 1 645 922 Hispanic individuals [25.6%], and 3 279 315 White individuals [51.1%]). Compared with White individuals, American Indian and Black individuals delivered at lower-quality hospitals, while there was no significant difference for Asian and Hispanic individuals (delivery hospital inequality index: American Indian, 0.07 [95% CI, 0.03 to 0.11]; Asian, −0.02 [95% CI, −0.08 to 0.04]; Black, 0.15 [95% CI, 0.12 to 0.19]; Hispanic −0.04 [95% CI, −0.09 to 0.01]). Black individuals lived closer to lower-quality hospitals than White individuals (closest hospital inequality index for Black individuals: 0.11 [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.14]). Asian and Hispanic individuals had similar closest hospital inequality indices to White individuals. The inequality index for Black individuals would have been lower if individuals had delivered at their nearest hospital.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that American Indian and Black individuals delivered at lower-quality hospitals than White individuals. The disparity in care between Black and White birthing individuals would have been reduced if individuals had delivered at their nearest hospital.

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Jayakumar, Jayalekshmi, Nikhil Vojjala, Manasa Ginjupalli, et al. "Racial Inequities Influencing Admission, Disposition and Hospital Outcomes for Sickle Cell Anemia Patients: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample Database." Hematology Reports 17, no. 3 (2025): 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/hematolrep17030027.

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Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) significantly impacts diverse racial groups, particularly African American and Hispanic persons, who experience notable disparities in healthcare outcomes. Despite the extensive literature on SCD, studies focusing on in-hospital racial inequities remain limited. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2016 to 2020, identifying adult hospitalizations for SCD (HbSS genotype). Hospitalizations were categorized by race—White, African American, Hispanic, and other, and analyzed for demographic variables, admission types, disposition outcomes, and complications. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for confounders. Results: Of the 1,089,270 identified hospitalizations, 90.31% were African American. African American and Hispanic patients exhibited significantly higher non-elective admissions compared to Whites (77.81%). In-hospital mortality was highest among Hispanics (0.82%). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that African Americans and others had higher odds of prolonged hospital stays (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.30 and 1.20, respectively). African Americans and Hispanics also had increased risks of in-hospital complications of SCD. Conclusions: This study highlights substantial racial disparities in SCD hospitalizations, with African Americans and Hispanics facing poorer outcomes compared to Whites. Hispanics also demonstrated increased mortality. These findings underscore the need for targeted healthcare interventions to address racial inequities in SCD management and improve outcomes for all affected populations.

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Springer, Mellanie V., Daniel L. Labovitz, and Ethan C. Hochheiser. "Race-Ethnic Disparities in Hospital Arrival Time after Ischemic Stroke." Ethnicity & Disease 27, no. 2 (2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.27.2.125.

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<p class="Pa7"> <strong>Objective: </strong>Conflicting reports exist about hospital arrival time after stroke onset in Hispanics compared with African Americans and Caucasians. Our current study investigates race-ethnic disparities in hospital arrival times after stroke onset.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective analysis of hospital arrival times in Hispanic, African American, and Caucasian acute ischemic stroke patients (N=1790) presenting to a tertiary-care hospital in the Bronx, New York. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the association between race-ethnicity and hospital arrival time adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), NIH stroke scale (NIHSS), history of stroke, preferred language and transportation mode to the hospital.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Results: </strong>There were 338 Caucasians, 662 Hispanics, and 790 African Americans in the cohort. Compared with Caucasians, African Americans and Hispanics were younger (P&lt;.0001 respectively), had lower SES (P&lt;.001 respectively) and were less likely to use EMS (P=.003 and P=.001, respectively). A greater proportion of Hispanic and African American women had delayed hospital arrival times (≥3 hours) after onset of stroke symptoms compared with Caucasian women (74% of Hispanic, 72% of African American, and 59% of Caucasian women), but this difference between race-ethnicities is no longer present after adjusting for socioeconomic status. Compared with Caucasian men, hospital arrival ≥3 hours after symptom onset was more likely for African American men (OR 1.72, 95% CI:1.05- 2.79) but not Hispanic men (OR .80, 95% CI .49-1.30).</p><p class="Default"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>African American men and socially disadvantaged women delay in presenting to the hospital after stroke onset. Future research should focus on identifying the factors contributing to pre-hospital delay among race-ethnic minorities. <em></em></p><p class="Default"><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2017;27(2):125-132; doi:10.18865/ed.27.2.125.</p>

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Foster, Paul. "Working in consultation-liaison psychiatry in the USA." Psychiatric Bulletin 13, no. 3 (1989): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.13.3.123.

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Consultation-liaison psychiatry had its inception in North America, the term making its first appearance in the 1930s to describe the department at Colorado General Hospital in Denver. As Mayou (1987) points out, when comparing British and American liaison services, the role, boundaries, and organisation of this subspecialty are very different in the two countries. Money and resources do not exist in Britain within the National Health Service to provide the extent of involvement liaison psychiatry now enjoys with the general wards of many American hospitals. Thomas (1985) refers to basic differences between the countries. He points out that few British district general hospitals have consultation psychiatric units now in place and that the theoretical background of psychiatrists in the two countries are different. In addition, he suggests that there may well be differences in the referral patterns and expectations with regard to psychiatric consultation requirements of general hospital doctors in the two health care systems.

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Kahler, Dylan, Susan Chishimba, Jodi L. Eisenberg, Amy J. Goldberg, and Tony Reed. "Assessment of active shooter preparedness in US hospital systems." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 18, no. 1 (2023): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.0458.

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Background: Active shooter events are horrific, unfortunate realities in American hospitals. Protecting patients and staff in an active shooter event is made more difficult in the cases of critically ill and otherwise immobile patients. Previous work has proposed theoretical mitigation strategies for active shooter events. This study assesses American hospitals’ current, active preparedness plans. Methods: This is a survey-based study with questionnaires distributed to leaders in American healthcare. The survey assessed current active shooter protocols with a particular emphasis on managing critically ill patients. Data were summarized with frequency and percentage. Results: The survey was distributed to 294 hospital systems across the United States, and representatives from 60 hospital systems responded. Ninety-eight percent of these hospital systems have an active shooter protocol; 24 percent report a plan to provide care for critically ill patients. Among those hospital systems with a plan for caring for immobile patients, substantial heterogeneity exists in the philosophy and implementation of these protocols. Additionally, 52 percent of hospital systems routinely practice response drills to active shooter events. Notably, hospital systems that had experienced an active shooter event in the past were more likely to practice implementing active shooter protocols. Conclusions: While most hospital systems have an active shooter protocol in place, these plans are infrequently practiced and generally do not include contingency arrangements for the sickest, immobile patients. The results from this study highlight a significant opportunity for improvement in American hospital safety procedures.

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Beito, David T., and Linda Royster Beito. "“Let Down Your Bucket Where You Are”." Social Science History 30, no. 4 (2006): 551–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013584.

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Under the burden of Jim Crow, how did African Americans obtain health care? For nearly 40 years the Afro-American Hospital of Yazoo City, Mississippi, was a leading health care supplier for blacks in the Mississippi Delta. It was founded in 1928 by the Afro-American Sons and Daughters, a black fraternal society, and provided a wide range of medical services. The society, which eventually had 35,000 members, was led by Thomas J. Huddleston, a prosperous black entrepreneur and advocate of Booker T. Washington’s self-help philosophy. The hospital had a low death rate compared to other hospitals that served blacks in the South during the period. It ceased operation in 1966 as a fraternal entity after years of increasingly burdensome regulation, competitive pressure from government and third-party health care alternatives, and the migration of younger dues-paying blacks to the North.

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Mazıcıoğlu, M. Mümtaz. "Kayseri American Hospital activity in early 1900’s." Turkiye Aile Hekimligi Dergisi 13, no. 2 (2009): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2399/tahd.09.099.

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13

Adams, Annmarie. "Modernism and Medicine: The Hospitals of Stevens and Lee, 1916-1932." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 58, no. 1 (1999): 42–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991436.

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This paper considers the work of Bostonand Toronto-based architects Edward Stevens and Frederick Lee during a critical period in North American hospital expansion. Without exception, their hospitals represented state-of-the-art planning wrapped in conservative exteriors. The firm's work thus offers a rich case study from which to consider the notion of historicist design as a mechanism for coping with change. This paper focuses on five Stevens-and-Lee projects: Notre Dame Hospital and two additions to the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal, the Kingston General Hospital, and the Ottawa Civic Hospital. Their buildings can be considered typical of the period, since Stevens and Lee designed prominent hospitals across North America. An interpretation of the hospitals is further enriched by the prospect of comparing what was built to the architects' own words. Edward Stevens's The American Hospital of the Twentieth Century (1918) is a classic in the field of hospital architecture, and he published extensively in the architectural and medical professional presses. The study of Steven's words and his hospitals illuminates the inherent danger of regarding historicist building types as antimodern or necessarily conventional. It also reveals the paucity of stylistic interpretations of all architecture. This approach has resulted in the widespread misinterpretation of interwar hospitals as reactionary, or at best antimodern. For this reason, hospitals of the 1920s are generally omitted from studies of the building type and are seen, mistakenly, as simple reverberations of the nineteenth-century model. Generic hospital architecture of the interwar years was modern in its spatial attitudes-not necessarily its look, but rather in its structure, its endorsement of aseptic medical practice, its sanctioning of expert knowledge, its appeal to new patrons, its encouragement of new ways of working, its response to urbanization, its use of zoning, its acceptance of modern social structures, its resemblance to other modern building types, its embrace of internationalism, and its endorsement of standardization.

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L., J. F. "AMERICAN HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION FAULTS PERFORMANCE OF JCAH." Pediatrics 95, no. 3 (1995): A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.95.3.a44a.

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The American Hospital Association (AHA) declared a "crisis of confidence" in the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health-care Organizations, which accredits most of the nation's hospitals. The AHA said its 5,000 member hospitals are so frustrated by the Commission's performance that more than ten of its state chapters are considering alternatives. Defections could lead to the Commission's collapse, said Richard Davidson, president of the AHA. The AHA's unusual public criticism comes as the Joint Commission scrambles to revamp its procedures to respond to vast changes under way in the US health-care system. It also comes amid growing demands by consumers and employers for accountability among health-care providers. The Commission inspects most of the nation's hospitals every three years as part of its accrediation process. Hospitals must be accredited to receive Medicare reimbursements for treating the elderly. At a press conference in Chicago, officials of the AHA said its members have expressed broad concerns about the quality of the agency's inspections and the costs of the services. In addition, they said a "relentless marketing of education programs" and other products aimed at helping hospitals prepare for the surveys has clouded the Joint Commission's mission with conflicts.

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Cartwright, Alice F., Brooke W. Bullington, Kavita Shah Arora, and Jonas J. Swartz. "Prevalence and County-Level Distribution of Births in Catholic Hospitals in the US in 2020." JAMA 329, no. 11 (2023): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.0488.

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This study uses American Hospital Association data to examine the volume and distribution of births in Catholic US hospitals and quantify county-level patterns of Catholic and non-Catholic hospital births.

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Reeves, Scott. "American Hospital Association (2011) Hospitals and Care systems of the Future." Journal of Interprofessional Care 26, no. 2 (2012): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13561820.2012.659138.

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Mullner, Ross, and Kyusuk Chung. "The American Hospital Association’s Annual Survey of Hospitals: a critical appraisal." Journal of Consumer Marketing 19, no. 7 (2002): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/07363760210451438.

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18

Hupfeld, Stanley. "Evolution of the American Hospital System." Circulation 109, no. 20 (2004): 2379–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000130781.11156.15.

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Mayhall, C. Glen, Murray D. Batt, and Edward S. Wong. "Practice Parameters Update, American Hospital Association." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 14, no. 2 (1993): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646692.

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Snail, Timothy S., and James C. Robinson. "ORGANIZATIONAL DIVERSIFICATION IN THE AMERICAN HOSPITAL." Annual Review of Public Health 19, no. 1 (1998): 417–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.19.1.417.

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Sonnedecker, Glenn. "Antecedents of the American hospital pharmacist." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 51, no. 22 (1994): 2816–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/51.22.2816.

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Miller, Elizabeth M., Adetola F. Louis-Jacques, Tara F. Deubel, and Ivonne Hernandez. "One Step for a Hospital, Ten Steps for Women: African American Women’s Experiences in a Newly Accredited Baby-Friendly Hospital." Journal of Human Lactation 34, no. 1 (2017): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890334417731077.

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Background: Despite strides made by the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative to improve and normalize breastfeeding, considerable racial inequality persists in breastfeeding rates. Few studies have explored African American women’s experience in a Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative system to understand sources of this inequality. Research aim: This study aimed to explore African American women’s experiences of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding at a women’s center associated with a university-affiliated hospital that recently achieved Baby-Friendly status. Methods: Twenty African American women who had received perinatal care at the women’s center and the hospital participated in qualitative interviews about their experiences. Data were organized using the framework method, a type of qualitative thematic analysis, and interpreted to find how African American women related to policies laid out by the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. Results: Three key themes emerged from the women’s interviews: (a) An appreciation of long-term relationships with medical professionals is evident at the women’s center; (b) considerable lactation problems exist postpartum, including lack of help from Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative sources; and (c) mothers’ beliefs about infant autonomy may be at odds with the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. Conclusion: Hospitals with Baby-Friendly status should consider models of breastfeeding support that favor long-term healthcare relationships across the perinatal period and develop culturally sensitive approaches that support breastfeeding beliefs and behaviors found in the African American community.

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Seagle, Brandon-Luke L., Anna E. Strohl, Monica Dandapani, Wilberto Nieves-Neira, and Shohreh Shahabi. "Survival Disparities by Hospital Volume Among American Women With Gynecologic Cancers." JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, no. 1 (November 2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/cci.16.00053.

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Purpose We describe survival disparities among women with uterine, ovarian, or cervical cancer by cancer-specific mean annual hospital volume. Methods National Cancer Database 1998-2011 uterine (n = 441,863), ovarian (n = 223,017), and cervical (n = 146,698) cancer data sets were used. Cancer-specific mean annual hospital volumes were calculated. Overall survival (OS) was plotted by hospital volume using restricted mean OS times from Cox regression. Results Uterine, ovarian, and cervical cancers were reported from 1,651, 1,633, and 1,600 hospitals, respectively. Median values of mean annual hospital volumes among hospitals were 8.6 (interquartile range [IQR], 2.6 to 20.8), 4.4 (IQR, 1.4 to 10.3), and 2.4 (IQR, 0.6 to 6.6) for uterine, ovarian, and cervical cancers, respectively. Increased hospital volume was associated with increased OS among women with stage III to IV high-grade serous ovarian cancer, stage II to IV squamous or adenocarcinoma cervical cancer, and stage I to IV endometrioid, clear cell, serous, or carcinosarcoma uterine cancers (all P < .03). Differential OS between women treated at higher- versus lower-volume cancer centers exceeded 5, 5, and 13 months among women with advanced endometrial, ovarian, or cervical cancer, respectively (all P < .001). Hospital volume was not associated with OS among patients with stage II to IV cervical cancer treated with brachytherapy ( P = .17). Use of adjuvant therapies decreased OS disparities by hospital volume among women with advanced ovarian or endometrial cancer. Conclusion Increased delivery of brachytherapy for treatment of cervical cancer may decrease survival disparities by hospital volume. Standardization of adjuvant therapies may diminish survival disparities by hospital volume among women with advanced ovarian or endometrial cancer. In addition, survival of American women with gynecologic cancer may be increased by centralization of care.

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Lawendy, B., M. Sedarous, O. Babajide, A. Adekunle, M. Rubens, and P. Okafor. "A99 HIGHER HOSPITAL INPATIENT RACIAL DIVERSITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER OUTCOMES AMONG HISPANIC AND INDIGENOUS AMERICAN PATIENTS FOR FIVE COMMON GASTROINTESTINAL DIAGNOSES." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 7, Supplement_1 (2024): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwad061.099.

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Abstract Background There is evidence that gastrointestinal disease (GI) outcomes are poorer among patients from underrepresented backgrounds. However, the impact of hospital patient racial diversity on GI outcomes is understudied. Aims We aimed to investigate the impact of hospital patient racial diversity on GI outcomes Methods Using the 2019 National Inpatient Sample (NIS), racial diversity was defined by the percentage of Hispanic or Indigenous American patients discharged from each hospital. GI discharge diagnoses were defined by diagnostic related group. We included GI bleeding, inflammatory bowel diseases, GI obstruction, cirrhosis, and alcoholic hepatitis. Logistic regression was used to predict major complication rates or comorbidity (MCC), long length of stay (LOS), and high total charges. Control variables included age, gender, payer type, patient location, area-associated income quartile, hospital characteristics including size, urban vs. rural, teaching vs. nonteaching, region, and the interaction of the percentage of Hispanic and Indigenous Americans with patient race. Results were validated with the 2018 NIS dataset. Results Our analysis cohort of 537,830 hospitalizations included 252,225 GI bleeding discharges, 59,310 gastrointestinal obstruction discharges, 106,820 cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis discharges, and 119,475 inflammatory bowel diseases discharges. In the unadjusted analyses, MCC rates were higher among Hispanic (24.8%) and Indigenous American patients (30.4%), compared to Whites (18.3%). In adjusted analyses, compared to white patients, Hispanic patients had higher MCC rates [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.21, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.15-1.28]. The same trend was seen among Indigenous American patients [OR 1.25, (95% CI) 1.09-1.43]. However, as hospital Hispanic diversity increased, inpatient MCC outcomes for Hispanics improved [OR 0.93, (95% CI) 0.87-1.14], and were even better among Indigenous American patients as hospital inpatient Indigenous American diversity increased [OR 0.83, (95% CI) 0.73-0.94] (Table 1). A similar improvement in MCC with increasing Hispanic and Indigenous American diversity was observed in the 2018 validation cohort. Table 1 highlights impact of increasing diversity on LOS and total charges. Conclusions Increasing hospital inpatient Hispanic and Indigenous American diversity is associated with better outcomes for these underrepresented minority groups. More research is needed on the impact of cultural competence and linguistic concordance on patient outcomes. Funding Agencies None

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Yokoe, Deborah S., Deverick J. Anderson, Sean M. Berenholtz, et al. "Introduction to “A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Updates”." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, S2 (2014): S1—S5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/678903.

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Since the publication of “A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals” in 2008, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has become a national priority. Despite improvements, preventable HAIs continue to occur. The 2014 updates to the Compendium were created to provide acute care hospitals with up-to-date, practical, expert guidance to assist in prioritizing and implementing their HAI prevention efforts. It is the product of a highly collaborative effort led by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), the Society for Hospital Medicine (SHM), and the Surgical Infection Society (SIS).

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Yokoe, Deborah S., Deverick J. Anderson, Sean M. Berenholtz, et al. "Introduction to “A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Updates”." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, no. 5 (2014): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/675819.

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Since the publication of “A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals” in 2008, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has become a national priority. Despite improvements, preventable HAIs continue to occur. The 2014 updates to the Compendium were created to provide acute care hospitals with up-to-date, practical, expert guidance to assist in prioritizing and implementing their HAI prevention efforts. It is the product of a highly collaborative effort led by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), the Society for Hospital Medicine (SHM), and the Surgical Infection Society (SIS).

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Yokoe, Deborah S., Deverick J. Anderson, Sean M. Berenholtz, et al. "A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Updates." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, S2 (2014): S21—S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0899823x00193833.

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Since the publication of “A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals” in 2008, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has become a national priority. Despite improvements, preventable HAIs continue to occur. The 2014 updates to the Compendium were created to provide acute care hospitals with up-to-date, practical, expert guidance to assist in prioritizing and implementing their HAI prevention efforts. They are the product of a highly collaborative effort led by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), the Society for Hospital Medicine (SHM), and the Surgical Infection Society (SIS).

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Baker, Laurence C., M. Kate Bundorf, Aileen M. Devlin, and Daniel P. Kessler. "Hospital Ownership of Physicians: Hospital Versus Physician Perspectives." Medical Care Research and Review 75, no. 1 (2016): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077558716676018.

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Although there has been significant interest from health services researchers and policy makers about recent trends in hospitals’ ownership of physician practices, few studies have investigated the strengths and weaknesses of available data sources. In this article, we compare results from two national surveys that have been used to assess ownership patterns, one of hospitals (the American Hospital Association survey) and one of physicians (the SK&A survey). We find some areas of agreement, but also some disagreement, between the two surveys. We conclude that full understanding of the causes and consequences of hospital ownership of physicians requires data collected at the both the hospital and the physician level. The appropriate measure of integration depends on the research question being investigated.

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Weichel, Derek. "Orthopedic Surgery in Rural American Hospitals: A Survey of Rural Hospital Administrators." Journal of Rural Health 28, no. 2 (2011): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-0361.2011.00379.x.

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Garthwaite, Craig, Tal Gross, and Matthew J. Notowidigdo. "Hospitals as Insurers of Last Resort." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 10, no. 1 (2018): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20150581.

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American hospitals are required to provide emergency medical care to the uninsured. We use previously confidential hospital financial data to study the resulting uncompensated care, medical care for which no payment is received. Using both panel-data methods and case studies, we find that each additional uninsured person costs hospitals approximately $800 each year. Increases in the uninsured population also lower hospital profit margins, suggesting that hospitals do not pass along all uncompensated-care costs to other parties such as hospital employees or privately insured patients. A hospital's uncompensated-care costs also increase when a neighboring hospital closes. (JEL G22, I11, I13, L25)

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Migowski, Sérgio Almeida, Eliana Rustick Migowski, and Claudia De Souza Libânio. "RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES IN STUDIES ON CONCENTRATION OF AMERICAN HOSPITALS." Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management 14, no. 1 (2017): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.2017.v14.n1.a15.

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The objective of this study is to know which methodologies and databases that were used in articles treat variables, such as efficiency and costs in the hospital segment and their relationship with the concentration of American organizations. The quantitative methodologies used were, by order of preference, the multivariate statistical analysis and the econometric analysis. The most used data basis was the Annual Report of the American Hospital Association (AHA), followed by data made available by insurance companies having long lasting relationships with the hospitals analyzed, besides the specific case studies. Finally, it was observed that the concentration in the sector is reflected in the reduction in competition and efficiency gains, notably in the first year after the fusion, which does not mean that there was reduction in the prices charged by the hospitals.

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Migowski, Sérgio Almeida, Eliana Rustick Migowski, and Claudia De Souza Libânio. "Research methodologies in studies on concentration of American hospitals." Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management 14, no. 2 (2017): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.14488/bjopm.2017.v14.n2.a7.

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The objective of this study is to know which methodologies and databases used in articles treat variables, such as efficiency and costs in the hospital segment and their relationship with the concentration of American organizations. The quantitative methodologies used were, by order of preference, the multivariate statistical analysis and the econometric analysis. The most used data basis was the Annual Report of the American Hospital Association (AHA), followed by the data made available by insurance companies that have long lasting relationships with the hospitals analyzed, besides the specific case studies. Finally, it was observed that the concentration in the sector is reflected in the reduction in terms of competition and efficiency gains, notably in the first year after the fusion, which does not mean that there was reduction in the prices charged by the hospitals.

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Patel, Payal K., Sonali D. Advani, Aaron D. Kofman, et al. "Strategies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 44, no. 8 (2023): 1209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2023.137.

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Abstract and purposeThe intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format designed to assist physicians, nurses, and infection preventionists at acute-care hospitals in implementing and prioritizing their catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention efforts. This document updates the Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Acute-Care Hospitals published in 2014. It is the product of a collaborative effort led by SHEA, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), the American Hospital Association (AHA), and The Joint Commission.

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Townsend, Apollo, Alice L. March, and Jan Kimball. "Can Faith and Hospice Coexist." Journal of Transcultural Nursing 28, no. 1 (2016): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659615600764.

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African Americans are twice as likely as Caucasian Americans to choose aggressive hospital treatment when death is imminent. Repeat hospitalizations are traumatic for patients and drain patient and health system resources. Hospice care is a specialized alternative that vastly improves patient quality of life at end-of-life. This study was conducted to determine if hospices partnering with African American churches to disseminate hospice education materials could increase utilization of hospice services by African Americans. Members of two African American churches ( N = 34) participated in focus group discussions to elicit beliefs about hospice care. Focus group transcripts were coded and comments were grouped according to theme. Six themes were identified. Lack of knowledge about hospice services and spiritual beliefs emerged as the top two contributing factors for underutilization of hospice services. Study findings support partnerships between hospices and African American churches to provide hospice education to the African American community.

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Oddis, Joseph A. "Hospital Pharmacists." Pediatrics 96, no. 2 (1995): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.96.2.376.

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We noted with interest the report of the American Academy of Pediatrics' Committee on Hospital Care entitled "Staffing Patterns for Patient Care and Support Personnel in a General Pediatric Unit" that was published in Pediatrics.1 For the most part we found the document to be well-written and comprehensive, but we were surprised that it makes no mention of the role of pharmacists. We believe that pharmacists are integral to the care of patients in pediatric units.

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Robinson, James C. "The Changing Boundaries of the American Hospital." Milbank Quarterly 72, no. 2 (1994): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3350296.

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Palkon, Dennis S. "Merger, Merger: Who's Got American Hospital Supply?" Hospital Topics 64, no. 6 (1986): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00185868.1986.9952449.

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Wake, Naoko. "The “American” Psychoanalytic Hospital in the Making." Harvard Review of Psychiatry 17, no. 5 (2009): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10673220903271822.

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Dych, Tricia. "Landmark Hospital Celebrates Birth of American Psychiatry." Psychiatric News 36, no. 13 (2001): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.36.13.0018.

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Gourevitch, Marc N., Dolores Malaspina, Michael Weitzman, and Lewis R. Goldfrank. "The Public Hospital in American Medical Education." Journal of Urban Health 85, no. 5 (2008): 779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11524-008-9297-4.

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Reid, James. "Representing the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA)." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 207, no. 7 (1995): 879–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1995.207.07.0879.

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Rhoades, Claudia A., Brian E. Whitacre, and Alison F. Davis. "Higher Electronic Health Record Functionality Is Associated with Lower Operating Costs in Urban—but Not Rural—Hospitals." Applied Clinical Informatics 13, no. 03 (2022): 665–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1750415.

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Abstract Objectives The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between electronic health record (EHR) use/functionality and hospital operating costs (divided into five subcategories), and to compare the results across rural and urban facilities. Methods We match hospital-level data on EHR use/functionality with operating costs and facility characteristics to perform linear regressions with hospital- and time-fixed effects on a panel of 1,596 U.S. hospitals observed annually from 2016 to 2019. Our dependent variables are the logs of the various hospital operating cost categories, and alternative metrics for EHR use/functionality serve as the primary independent variables of interest. Data on EHR use/functionality are retrieved from the American Hospital Association's (AHA) Annual Survey of Hospitals Information Technology (IT) Supplement, and hospital operating cost and characteristic data are retrieved from the American Hospital Directory. We include only hospitals classified as “general medical and surgical,” removing specialty hospitals. Results Our results suggest, first, that increasing levels of EHR functionality are associated with hospital operating cost reductions. Second, that these significant cost reductions are exclusively seen in urban hospitals, with the associated coefficient suggesting cost savings of 0.14% for each additional EHR function. Third, that urban EHR-related cost reductions are driven by general/ancillary and outpatient costs. Finally, that a wide variety of EHR functions are associated with cost reductions for urban facilities, while no EHR function is associated with significant cost reductions in rural locations. Conclusion Increasing EHR functionality is associated with significant hospital operating cost reductions in urban locations. These results do not hold across geographies, and policies to promote greater EHR functionality in rural hospitals will likely not lead to short-term cost reductions.

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CSIKAI, ELLEN L. "The Status of Hospital Ethics Committees in Pennsylvania." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 7, no. 1 (1998): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180198001145.

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Interdisciplinary hospital ethics committees have been the most common response to the mandates for ethical review procedures set forth by the Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO, 1995 Standards), the American Hospital Association, and within institutions themselves. A 1989 national survey reported that 60% of hospitals had ethics committees. However, little is still known about the current state of these committees in hospitals, their composition, what functions are performed, or what issues are discussed.

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Figueroa, Jose F., Ciara Duggan, Cristina Toledo-Cornell, Jie Zheng, E. John Orav, and Thomas C. Tsai. "Assessment of Strategies Used in US Hospitals to Address Social Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic." JAMA Health Forum 3, no. 10 (2022): e223764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.3764.

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Yokoe, Deborah S., Deverick J. Anderson, Sean M. Berenholtz, et al. "A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Updates." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, no. 8 (2014): 967–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677216.

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Since the publication of “A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals” in 2008, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has become a national priority. Despite improvements, preventable HAIs continue to occur. The 2014 updates to the Compendium were created to provide acute care hospitals with up-to-date, practical, expert guidance to assist in prioritizing and implementing their HAI prevention efforts. They are the product of a highly collaborative effort led by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), the Society for Hospital Medicine (SHM), and the Surgical Infection Society (SIS).Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(8):967–977

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Kraut, Alan M. "Silent Travelers: Germs, Genes, and American Efficiency, 1890–1924." Social Science History 12, no. 4 (1988): 377–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200016175.

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In a 1902 North American Review article, United States Commissioner General of Immigration Terence Powderly called for stricter health controls on arriving aliens. Powderly cautioned that unless “proper precautions” were taken to detect two contagious diseases—trachoma, an eye infection, and favus, a dermatological disease of the scalp—the future American might be “hairless and sightless.” He called upon Americans to refuse to allow their country to become “the hospital of the nations of the earth” (Powderly, 1902).

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van Dijk, Adam, Emily Dawson, Kieran Michael Moore, and Paul Belanger. "Risk Assessment During the Pan American and Parapan American Games, Toronto, 2015." Public Health Reports 132, no. 1_suppl (2017): 106S—110S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354917708356.

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During the summer of 2015, the Pan American and Parapan American Games took place in the Greater Toronto area of Ontario, Canada, bringing together thousands of athletes and spectators from around the world. The Acute Care Enhanced Surveillance (ACES) system—a syndromic surveillance system that captures comprehensive hospital visit triage information from acute care hospitals across Ontario—monitored distinct syndromes throughout the games. We describe the creation and use of a risk assessment tool to evaluate alerts produced by ACES during this period. During the games, ACES generated 1420 alerts, 4 of which were considered a moderate risk and were communicated to surveillance partners for further action. The risk assessment tool was useful for public health professionals responsible for surveillance activities during the games. Next steps include integrating the tool within the ACES system.

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Ahmed, Nasim, David Kountz, and Yenhong Kuo. "African–American and Caucasian mortalities are the same after traumatic injury: pair matched analysis from a national data." Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open 5, no. 1 (2020): e000436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tsaco-2019-000436.

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BackgroundAfrican–Americans have worse outcomes than Caucasians in many clinical conditions studied, including trauma. We sought to analyze if mortality is different in these groups through analysis of a national data set.MethodsRecent data from the national Trauma Quality Improvement Program were assessed with analysis, including all African–American or Caucasian patients who were brought to level I or level II trauma centers for care. Propensity scores were calculated for each African–American patient using age, sex, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), injury type, insurance information and American College of Surgeons trauma level. The primary outcome of this study was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcomes were hospital length of stay and discharge disposition.ResultsA total of 82 150 (13.65%) out of 601 768 patients who qualified for the inclusion in the study were African–American. The remaining 519 618 (86.35%) were Caucasian. The median age (IQR) of the patients was 54 (33 to 72) years old, and approximately two-thirds of the patients were male. The median ISS and GCS score were 12 (9 to 17) and 15 (15 to 15), respectively. More than 90% of patients sustained blunt injuries. Overall, there was no significant difference found in overall in-hospital mortality between Caucasians and African–American patients (3% vs. 2.9%, p=0.2); however, the median (95% CI) hospital length of stay was 1 day longer in African–American patients compared with Caucasian patients (5 (5.5) vs. 4 (4.4), p<0.001). When the discharged destinations between the two groups were compared, a higher proportion of Caucasians were discharged to home without services (66% vs. 33%).ConclusionOur study showed that trauma mortalites among African–American and Caucasians are the same. Efforts to mitigate the ethnic and racial biases in the delivery of healthcare should continue, and these results (no differences in mortality) should be validated in other clinical settings.Level of evidenceLevel II.

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Bourgeois, Stacy, and Ulku Yaylacicegi. "Electronic Health Records." International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics 5, no. 3 (2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhisi.2010070101.

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Electronic health records (EHRs) have been proposed as a sustainable solution for improving the quality of medical care. This study investigates how EHR use, as implemented and utilized, impacts patient safety and quality performance. Data in this paper include nonfederal acute care hospitals in the state of Texas, and the data sources include the American Hospital Association, the Dallas Fort Worth Hospital Council, and the American Hospital Directory. The authors use partial least squares modeling to assess the relationship between hospital EHR use, patient safety, and quality of care. Patient safety is measured using 11 indicators as identified by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and quality performance is measured by 11 mortality indicators as related to 2 constructs, that is, conditions and surgical procedures. Results identify positive significant relationships between EHR use, patient safety, and quality of care with respect to procedures. The authors conclude that there is sufficient evidence of the relationship between hospital EHR use and patient safety, and that sufficient evidence exists for the support of EHR use with hospital surgical procedures.

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Cho, Na-Eun, and KiHoon Hong. "Toward a More Complete Picture of Readmission-Decreasing Initiatives." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (2021): 9272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169272.

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Readmissions are common and costly. This study examines the effectiveness of two initiatives known to help reduce readmissions. Using data from the American Hospital Association, the Census Bureau, and the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ Hospital Compare database, we found that a higher quality of hospital care does not reduce, but in fact increases readmission rates. Although health information sharing decreases readmission rates, the effect is statistically significant only among the lowest-quality hospitals, not among mid- and high-quality hospitals. The results of our study have important policy implications for providers and hospital administrators with respect to efforts to reduce readmission rates.

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