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L., J. F. "NEWSPAPERS TOLD: SIMPLIFY, SIMPLIFY." Pediatrics 94, no. 5 (November 1, 1994): A62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.94.5.a62a.
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BALTIMORE, April 1—American newspapers are dull and difficult to read. But different ways of writing news articles could help newspapers attract some of the readers they have lost. That was the conclusion of a major study made public here this week at the annual convention of the American Society of Newspaper Editors. The study suggests that newspapers must challenge many of the rules that have governed journalism for generations. The study was prepared by the group's literacy committee, which was formed partly because of growing alarm that young Americans do not read well enough to understand newspapers and are abandoning them as a result. The literacy panel challenged the fundamental form used for newspaper articles, the "inverted pyramid," in which the top is heavy with important facts and trails off into less significant information.
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Lisichnikova-Raskin, A. V. "Economics of Eastern Siberia in the Periodical Press of the United States of America in the Second Half of 19th Century." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series History 37 (2021): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2222-9124.2021.37.47.
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The purpose of this study is to trace how and by what principle the economy of Eastern Siberia was covered in the American press, as well as to understand what perception of the Siberian region was formed in the minds of American public under the influence of newspapers. The American periodicals of the second half of the nineteenth century published many articles on the geography, history, and economics of Eastern Siberia. The increase in the number of articles about Siberia in American newspapers indicates that there was a remarkable interest in the Siberian region, its natural resources, population, and economy. American newspaper publications about the Siberian economy can be roughly divided into three categories: trade, agriculture, and gold mining. Each category was studied in detail and the arguments and conclusions were corroborated by excerpts and quotes from the newspapers. Newspapers have played an important role in shaping the country's public opinion about Siberia and its natural and economic resources. American society in the second half of the nineteenth century envisioned Siberia as a vast territory, rich in natural reserves and awaiting the development by the brave Russian colonizers. American readers identified themselves with the Russian population of Siberia, which, like them, carried the beacon of “civilization” and economic progress to the distant territories. Newspapers extolled the virtues of hard work of Russian peasants and industrialists, who bravely conquered the harsh Siberian landscape. The American public was most interested in newspaper articles about the gold mining in Eastern Siberia. American prospectors wrote letters to the editorial offices of newspapers asking how and when they could get to Siberia for gold mining. Newspapers instilled hope in the American society, that the Russian tsar would soon open Siberia to the American entrepreneurs and investors; and the new industrial and commercial joint ventures would bring great economic benefits to both nations.
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ARNOLD-FORSTER, TOM. "NEW HISTORIES OF AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS." Historical Journal 63, no. 5 (April 13, 2020): 1390–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x20000102.
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Will Irwin worked as a reporter and muckraker for ten years before he wrote The American newspaper (1911). Published by Collier's magazine over fifteen issues, it was a pioneering study of ‘journalism in its relation to the public’, and it has been much cited by historians. Irwin argued that American newspapers in the early twentieth century had come to possess enormous power; indeed, ‘no other extrajudicial force, except religion, is half so powerful’. Newspapers had been significant influences on public opinion since the early nineteenth century and had become even more important and popular with the rise of ‘yellow journalism’ in the 1890s. But Irwin worried about conflicts between ‘the business attitude’, which insisted that newspapers were commercial products above all, and ‘the professional attitude’, which identified journalism with civic education and the public interest. He was especially anxious about ‘the advertising influence’, on which newspapers depended for economic survival, and which necessarily damaged their journalism. For when advertisers wanted stories spiked or editorials altered, they generally had their way. And when publishers courted businessmen over drinks and dinner, they grew fat and corrupt. So ‘the perplexity of free journalism’ was that ‘so long as our American capitalism retains its insolence and its ruthlessness of method, commercial publishers of million-dollar newspapers must recognize this [advertising] influence whether they like it or no. And many of them do like it.’ Irwin's sense that newspapers claimed to be the people's tribunes but often served their owner's interests made him think that ‘the system is dishonest to its marrow’. Thus his study raised some enduring questions for historians: why were newspapers so powerful? How important were their publishers? Is free journalism ever possible?
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Albert, Jacob, and Susan Pinette. "Franco-American Newspapers and Periodicals in the Northeast: An Inventory." Quebec Studies 76, no. 1 (December 2023): 3–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/qs.2023.16.
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Franco-American newspapers and periodicals occupy an overlapping space between primary and secondary literature, and their shadow looms large over the collective body of historic Franco-American sources. Their significance to the Franco-American community is hard to overstate. These periodical publications complicate issues of identity in the U.S. Northeast and are an integral part of Québec history itself. This article details current work to inventory newspaper and periodical titles (currently over 400) and makes accessible our collectively built, evolving inventory of Franco-American newspapers.
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Jolley, Daniel W. "American Indian Newspapers." Charleston Advisor 21, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.21.1.5.
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Zhu, Yicheng, and Longxing Wang. "Newspaper portrayal of Chinese outward foreign direct investment in Latin American newspapers: A content analysis." International Communication Gazette 80, no. 5 (December 12, 2017): 426–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048517747493.
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The current study is a content analysis of international economic news about Chinese outward foreign direct investment in Latin American countries from corresponding Latin American newspapers. We studied the portrayal of Chinese outward foreign direct investment among 14 different Latin American newspapers. The study aims at illustrating differences between newspaper portrayals of Chinese outward foreign direct investment in the region, with a special focus on the possible factors that influence the editorial selection of relevant news frames on international economic news. We found that the use of conflict and economic consequence frames corresponds to the editorial distinct focuses on either geopolitical interpretations or economic interpretations of international economic news in the case of Chinese outward foreign direct investment in Latin America. We also found attitudes and perspectives adopted in the portrayals are different both on a national basis and on an editorial basis.
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Beam, Randal A. "The Impact of Group Ownership Variables on Organizational Professionalism at Daily Newspapers." Journalism Quarterly 70, no. 4 (December 1993): 907–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909307000415.
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The impact of group ownership on U.S. newspapers has been the subject of controversy in American journalism. This study of professional practices at fifty-eight U.S. daily newspapers finds few differences between group-owned and independent newspapers. It does, however, find that the size of a newspaper group and number of papers in a group are associated with differences in some professional practices.
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Morady Moghaddam, Mostafa, and Fatemeh Mozafari. "Orientalist representation of Iranian women in three American newspapers." International Review of Pragmatics 15, no. 1 (January 19, 2023): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01501005.
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Abstract This article explores three famous American newspapers as an attempt to find out how Iranian women are depicted in these three American newspapers. Three national newspapers (The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, and The Washington Post) were consulted as authority to gain information about Iranian women. Two hundred and thirteen headlines about Iranian women were identified in these three newspapers published over a period of 10 years. Through qualitative corpus analysis, we noticed that Iranian women are represented with regard to five generic categories (patterns): Ethics and Dress Coding (EDC); Political Activism (PA); Political System (PS); Social Condition and Trends (SCT); and Praising Comments (PC). The patterns identified in these three newspapers regarding Iranian women indicate that material culture (physical aspect of culture) is highlighted by the American press when referring to Iranian women. The article also concludes that these three newspaper agencies manifest a pseudo-logical representation of Iranian women, which fails to acknowledge the dynamic life of Iranian women, and ignores local identities at the expense of globalization.
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Casino, Gonzalo, Roser Rius, and Erik Cobo. "National citation patterns ofNEJM,The Lancet,JAMAandThe BMJin the lay press: a quantitative content analysis." BMJ Open 7, no. 11 (November 2017): e018705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018705.
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ObjectivesTo analyse the total number of newspaper articles citing the four leading general medical journals and to describe national citation patterns.DesignQuantitative content analysis.Setting/sampleFull text of 22 general newspapers in 14 countries over the period 2008–2015, collected from LexisNexis. The 14 countries have been categorised into four regions: the USA, the UK, Western World (European countries other than the UK, and Australia, New Zealand and Canada) and Rest of the World (other countries).Main outcome measurePress citations of four medical journals (two American:NEJMandJAMA; and two British:The LancetandThe BMJ) in 22 newspapers.ResultsBritish and American newspapers cited some of the four analysed medical journals about three times a week in 2008–2015 (weekly mean 3.2 and 2.7 citations, respectively); the newspapers from other Western countries did so about once a week (weekly mean 1.1), and those from the Rest of the World cited them about once a month (monthly mean 1.1). The New York Times cited above all other newspapers (weekly mean 4.7). The analysis showed the existence of three national citation patterns in the daily press: American newspapers cited mostly American journals (70.0% of citations), British newspapers cited mostly British journals (86.5%) and the rest of the analysed press cited more British journals than American ones.The Lancetwas the most cited journal in the press of almost all Western countries outside the USA and the UK. Multivariate correspondence analysis confirmed the national patterns and showed that over 85% of the citation data variability is retained in just one single new variable: the national dimension.ConclusionBritish and American newspapers are the ones that cite the four analysed medical journals more often, showing a domestic preference for their respective national journals; non-British and non-American newspapers show a common international citation pattern.
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Tung, Sofea Azlena Tung binti Adib Vincent, and Surinderpal Kaur. "News Framing on the America-Iran Feud in the Coverage from Two American Online Newspapers." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 9, no. 1 (February 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2023.9.1.373.
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News media framing has been explicated as a way to construct social realities by persuading readers with the schematics of differently construed proceedings and events. Hence, this study engages in a critical discourse analysis examining the social representation of America and Iran in the coverage from two American online newspapers, namely The New York Times (NYT) and The New York Post (NYP). Since the United States has incited decades of simmering conflict with Iran that involves a global concern, this study also illustrates the polarisation of ideologisation in the coverage in relation to the two newspapers’ political leanings. The findings disclose a disparity of representation of social agents and ideological bias between the two news outlets, with the NYT presenting a balance of positive and negative ‘Us’, while the NYP exhibiting a prejudiced and one-sided ideology towards Iran. Consequently, this study sheds light on the critical role of news framing and highlights academically a systematic analysis of online news coverage considering their political dependency.
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Chuang, Angie, and Robin Chin Roemer. "The Immigrant Muslim American at the Boundary of Insider and Outsider." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 90, no. 1 (January 7, 2013): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699012468740.
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Studies of Orientalized portrayals of Muslims have generally been distinct from studies on the Othering of immigrant Americans. This study employs concepts of insider/outsider status, applying theories of Orientalism and representations of the Other to newspaper coverage of the Muslim and Pakistani American perpetrator of the 2010 attempted Times Square bombing. Newspapers constructed a seemingly contradictory representation of Faisal Shahzad, as the apparent insider/American who becomes the alienated outsider/Other. This portrayal of the Orientalized insider establishes an emerging discourse on the “homegrown” terrorist who exists at the boundary of self and Other.
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Xu, Jingjing. "A Critical Discourse Study of the Construction of Alibaba’s Corporate Image in Chinese and American Newspapers." English Language Teaching and Linguistics Studies 5, no. 3 (August 21, 2023): p274. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v5n3p274.
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With the development of China’s digital economy, the corporate image of Chinese Internet enterprise has also become a focus of academic attention. In order to study the corporate image of Chinese Internet enterprises in the digital economy period, this paper takes Alibaba, a leading Chinese Internet enterprise, as the research object. This paper establishes Chinese News Corpus and English News Corpus and analyze characteristics of lexical collocation, concordance line and semantic prosody. It is found that by categorizing Alibaba’s strong collocations, the images of Alibaba’s enterprises that Chinese and American newspapers focus on include the image of the enterprise’s workers, products, services. It is concluded that the image of Alibaba’s employees has a positive influence in Chinese newspapers, while the image in American newspapers is more negative, including sexism. The image of Taobao, Alibaba’s main product, is a platform that contributes to raises the income of the rural population in the Chinese newspaper, while it is a platform for fake products in the American newspaper. Alibaba’s services are portrayed in the Chinese newspaper as diverse services platform and a provider of digital solutions for China’s smart cities, but in the U.S. press as a monopolistic platform subject to the Chinese government.
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McDowell, Kelci Baughman. "American Prison Newspapers, 1800‐2020: Voices from the Inside." Charleston Advisor 24, no. 3 (January 1, 2023): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.24.3.10.
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American Prison Newspapers is an open access digital collection of primary source newspapers residing on the JSTOR platform. It is one of Reveal Digital’s collections under the Diversity and Dissent Fund. As of late 2022, the collection contains 112 unique newspaper titles written and published from within American prisons, and approximately 8% of them originate from women’s prisons. The collection spans the late nineteenth century to the early twenty-first century. High-resolution images of the newspapers load well in the native interface and download quickly as PDFs, but the images in neither format meet accessibility standards for text-to-speech software. In general, this collection is of immeasurable value to students and researchers in a variety of fields, including the humanities, the social sciences, and the interdisciplinary field of social justice studies, despite JSTOR’s limitations on advanced searching and accessibility.
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Pease, Ted. "Commentary: Cornerstone for Growth." Newspaper Research Journal 10, no. 4 (June 1989): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953298901000402.
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A comprehensive newspaper industry report on minority demographics recommends that American newspapers turn to minority readers, employees and advertisers to improve readership rates and stimulate stagnant circulation growth.
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Lacy, Stephen, and Karyn A. Ramsey. "The Advertising Content of African-American Newspapers." Journalism Quarterly 71, no. 3 (September 1994): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909407100304.
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This study analyzed seventy-two issues from May 1989 of thirty-five African-American newspapers. Results showed a lower percentage of advertising from local sources than was found in newspapers that participated in the Inland Press Association's 1989 study of weekly newspapers. The African-American newspapers also had little advertising support from group-owned businesses. Large-circulation African-American newspapers had less advertising linage than did medium-circulation newspapers, which resulted in a smaller newshole for the large-circulation newspapers.
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Rutenbeck, Jeffrey B. "Newspaper Trends in the 1870s: Proliferation, Popularization, and Political Independence." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 72, no. 2 (June 1995): 361–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909507200209.
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The 1870s was a decade of dramatic growth and change for American journalism. This article examines several specific aspects of those changes, including changes in newspaper size, cost, and political affiliation. In general, newspapers were expanding in size (from four to eight pages), decreasing in cost, and moving away from the long-standing tradition of party identification toward political independence and nonaffiliation. By the end of the 1870s, partisan papers were smaller, fewer, and more expensive than their independent and nonaffiliated counterparts, suggesting a transformation in the social, political, and economic relationships embodied in American newspapers.
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Frideres, J. E., J. M. Palao, and S. G. Mottinger. "Gender in Sports Coverage of American and Spanish Online Newspapers." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 17, no. 2 (October 2008): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.17.2.62.
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The differences in how the media treat information about women and men provoke a deficit in the information that girls and female adolescents receive about sports. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in sports coverage in relation to gender in online newspapers in two western countries, Spain and the United States. All articles (N = 1,977) with athletic content from the online newspapers usatoday.com and elmundo.es were analyzed during 2-week spans in October 2003 and February 2004. The variables registered were gender, placement of article in the newspaper, number of words per article, and photographs. Results show that women’s sport received less coverage than men’s sport in total number of articles as well as in front-page stories, article length, and number of photographs. Additionally, there were 15 articles about men only for every 1 article about women only in the two newspapers.
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Haws, Dick. "Minorities in the Newsroom and Community: A Comparison." Journalism Quarterly 68, no. 4 (December 1991): 764–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909106800417.
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Since the American Society of Newspaper Editors set minority hiring goals in 1978, the number of minorities working in newsrooms has crept up from about 4% to nearly 8% by 1990. But the goal of racial “equivalency” to be met by year 2000 finds the minority community growing so fast that gains are being wiped out. Comparing individual newspaper minority news staffs with the actual minorities in the circulation area, this study finds successes and failures for a large sample of newspapers for which data are available. Daily newspapers that achieve minimum minority hiring goals are in communities with, proportionately speaking, small numbers of minorities. When communities have minorities of at least 15%, newspapers, whether large or small, cannot seem to match that percentage on news staffs.
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Al-qaysi, Fouad Husseun Ali, and Manjet Kaur Mehar Singh. "The Ideological Representation of Iraqi Human Rights Violations in American Online Newspaper Discourse." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 5 (April 23, 2024): 953–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/srp1qz93.
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Language used in newspapers can influence the readers' view on the issues published in them. Language is no longer a mere means of communicating information; but it also generates and shapes the social interaction with such issues. This could be achieved through the effective representation of these issues using linguistic expressions. Therefore, this study investigates the ideological representation of human rights violations in newspaper discourse. The data of this study is collected from news articles published in American online newspapers, namely, the Washington Post and New York Times, on the issue of the human rights violations, particularly the right to freedom of peaceful assembly in Iraq. Accordingly, Van Dijk’s (1998) theory of ideology is also employed to examine group ideology and portrayal of "Self" and "Others" in these newspapers. It is found that in both newspapers, group ideology was manifested through presenting positive in-group actions, such as peaceful demonstrations, supporting protesters, resisting and warning against out-group violent procedures. Moreover, the newspapers focused on the victims of protesters (as in-group), while generalizing the negative reactions of government, political parties, and security forces (as out-group) toward protests and protesters.
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Leite Lopez de Leon, Fernanda. "The Tuesday Advantage of Politicians Endorsed by American Newspapers." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 13, no. 2 (October 9, 2013): 865–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2012-0043.
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Abstract This article documents the electoral advantage of candidates who have a newspaper endorsement published on Election Day compared to other endorsed candidates. I provide evidence that this advantage is not driven by a selection effect, suggesting that it is instead explained by readers deciding how to vote based on endorsements read on Election Day. Moreover, candidates who have a different political orientation from their endorsing newspapers benefit more from this endorsement than other candidates. These results are based on a newly-compiled dataset matching county-level data of 826 endorsed candidates’ election results with newspaper and county characteristics.
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Weston, Mary Ann. "Post 9/11 Arab American Coverage Avoids Stereotypes." Newspaper Research Journal 24, no. 1 (January 2003): 92–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953290302400111.
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This study of newspaper articles about Arab Americans before and after Sept. 11 revealed that a dominant theme of the pre-Sept. 11 stories was of Arab Americans resisting stereotypes and discrimination. After the attacks, newspapers tended to present Arab Americans as doubly victimized, as loyal patriotic members of the community and as targets of government detention.
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Chefneux, Gabriela. "Representation of Immigrants in British and American Newspapers." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 10, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausp-2018-0018.
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AbstractOne of the major functions newspapers have is that of (re)presenting reality for their readers and thus explain events and promote specific values; newspapers are multimodal texts, which resort both to language and images to convey their message. The paper analyses a British and a North American newspaper article and has two aims. Firstly, to investigate the strategies used by journalists to represent immigrants in a positive way and, secondly, to draw a comparative analysis between the articles in terms of these strategies. The theoretical part defines the concept of racism and the ways in which it is nowadays expressed and lists some of the strategies that are frequently used to present immigrants (such as topic, referential strategies, intensifying, extensivization, victimization, personalization, voices heard, argumentation, etc.) with the use of pictures. The second part identifies strategies used in these two articles. The conclusions present a comparison between them in terms of similarities (values upheld, type of argumentation) and differences (intensification and nomination strategies, quotation patterns).
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Gunter, Donna J. "Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers." Charleston Advisor 16, no. 2 (October 1, 2014): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.16.2.22.
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Hipsman, Barbara J., and Stanley T. Wearden. "Skills Testing at American Newspapers." Newspaper Research Journal 11, no. 1 (January 1990): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953298901100107.
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Desmarais, Norman. "American Gazettes: Newspapers of Record." Reference Reviews 31, no. 2 (February 20, 2017): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rr-09-2016-0238.
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Peake, Jeff, and Amanda Jo Parks. "Presidential Pseudo-Events and the Media Coverage They Receive." American Review of Politics 29 (July 1, 2008): 85–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.2008.29.0.85-108.
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American presidents routinely use pseudo-events in their attempts to generate positive news coverage and build a favorable image in the press. Despite their prevalence, we know little about how pseudo-events are covered by the American press. We content analyze front-page coverage of seven White House events during 2006 and early 2007 in 96 U.S. newspapers. We compare the amount and tone of coverage given each event, as well as the framing provided by headlines and lead paragraphs. Moreover, comparisons across newspapers suggest that newspapers slant to their coverage of presidential pseudo-events, which correlates with endorsement behavior and the political leanings of its potential market. Our results suggest that the coverage of presidential pseudo-events is shaped by the national political and policy context as well as the local context of the newspaper, thus limiting the ability of the White House to positively influence media coverage. However, effective staging and symbolism can result in positive coverage, even when the president faces difficult political circumstances.
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Whelan, Emma, Mark Asbridge, and Susan Haydt. "Representations of OxyContin in North American Newspapers and Medical Journals." Pain Research and Management 16, no. 4 (2011): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/867326.
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Following the approval of OxyContin (Purdue Pharma, Canada) for medical use, the media began to report the use of OxyContin as a street drug, representing the phenomenon as a social problem. Meanwhile, the pain medicine community has criticized the inaccurate and one-sided media coverage of the OxyContin problem. The authors of this study aimed to contribute to an understanding of both sides of this controversy by analyzing the coverage of OxyContin in newspapers and medical journals. The analyses revealed inconsistent messages about the drug from physicians in the news media and in medical journals, which has likely contributed to the drug’s perception as a social problem. The authors suggest ways to address the lack of medical consensus surrounding OxyContin. The results of this study may help resolve the concerns and conflicts surrounding this drug and other opioids.BACKGROUND: There are public concerns regarding OxyContin (Purdue Pharma, Canada) and charges within the pain medicine community that media coverage of the drug has been biased.OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare representations of OxyContin in medical journals and North American newspapers in an attempt to shed light on how each contributes to the ‘social problem’ associated with OxyContin.METHODS: Using searches of newspaper and medical literature databases, two samples were drawn: 924 stories published between 1995 and 2005 in 27 North American newspapers, and 197 articles published between 1995 and 2007 in 33 medical journals in the fields of addiction/substance abuse, pain/anesthesiology and general/internal medicine. The foci, themes, perspectives represented and evaluations of OxyContin presented in these texts were analyzed statistically.>RESULTS: Newspaper coverage of OxyContin emphasized negative evaluations of the drug, focusing on abuse, addiction, crime and death rather than the use of OxyContin for the legitimate treatment of pain. Newspaper stories most often conveyed the perspectives of law enforcement and courts, and much less often represented the perspectives of physicians. However, analysis of physician perspectives represented in newspaper stories and in medical journals revealed a high degree of inconsistency, especially across the fields of pain medicine and addiction medicine.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of negative representations of OxyContin is often blamed on biased media coverage and an ignorant public. However, the proliferation of inconsistent messages regarding the drug from physicians plays a role in the drug’s persistent status as a social problem.
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Milita, Kerri, and John Barry Ryan. "Battleground States and Local Coverage of American Presidential Campaigns." Political Research Quarterly 72, no. 1 (June 13, 2018): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912918781752.
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Analyses of television news and major newspapers have led to the critique that “the media” ignore the issues in campaigns, which could explain studies that show limited effects for media coverage on knowledge. These studies overlook great variation in the quantity and quality of news coverage in local information environments. Using data collected from local newspaper websites during the 2012 American presidential election, we show the quality and quantity of local news campaign coverage differ substantially between battleground and nonbattleground states. In an effort to differentiate themselves from other news outlets, newspapers in battleground states play up the local angle (e.g., candidate visits), resulting in less attention to issues in their stories. These findings suggest the voters most important to the election outcome (i.e., those in battleground states) may have less information on candidate issue positions available within their local media market.
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Minifee, Paul. "“Our World Wide Organ”." Journal of Communication and Religion 36, no. 3 (2013): 106–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jcr201336320.
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Drawing comparisons between Rev. Jermain W. Loguen’s letters to African American newspapers during the mid-nineteenth century and the Apostle Paul’s letters to churches in Greece and Asia Minor, this manuscript examines Loguen’s employment of “constitutive rhetoric” to spread the “gospel” of abolitionism by mobilizing African American Christians in order to obliterate the sin of slavery. Employing theoretical frames by James Jasinksi and Kenneth Burke, I show how Loguen’s use of letters as “veins” within the organs of African American newspapers circulated information intended to rebuke, praise, and provoke his readers to respond collectively to the exigencies that plagued African Americans.
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Mally, Lynn. "The Americanization of the Soviet Living Newspaper." Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies, no. 1903 (January 1, 2008): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cbp.2008.140.
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This article examines the migration of a Soviet agitational theatrical form from Russia to the United States in the 1920s and 1930s. The Soviet living newspaper, or zhivaia gazeta, began during the Russian Civil War as a method to act out a pro-Soviet version of the news for mainly illiterate Red Army soldiers. During the 1920s, it evolved into an experimental form of agitprop theater that attracted the interest of foreigners, who hoped to develop new methods of political theater in their own countries. In the United States, the living newspaper format was first adopted by American communist circles. Eventually, the depression-era arts program, the Federal Theatre Project (FTP), incorporated an expanded and altered version as part of its many offerings. Living newspapers eventually became one of the FTP’s most celebrated and criticized performance genres. The political content of American living newspapers was a major factor in the government’s elimination of the FTP in 1939.
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Sa`adah, Ma`rifatus, and Tofan Dwi Hardjanto. "Hedging in Newspaper Headlines Written by Indonesian and American Writers." Lexicon 10, no. 2 (October 28, 2023): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lexicon.v10i2.75913.
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Newspaper headlines contain the main and most important news articles in the newspaper. They are aimed to present news as accurately as possible. On the other hand, newspapers are also a company that aims to make profit from every news that is published. Thus, they have other interests besides conveying news as accurately as possible. One possible strategy to balance these two different interests is to use a hedging strategy. This research is an attempt to find out the forms and functions of hedging expressions used in headlines from two newspapers, The Jakarta Post and New York Times newspaper. The headlines that are used as the object of study are limited to the headlines containing news about the pandemic covid-19. This study also compares the forms and frequency of hedging expressions used in The Jakarta Post and New York Times. The data were quantitatively analyzed with a help of concordance software Wordsmith 4.0 (Scott, 2004). A qualitative analysis method was also conducted to classify the forms and functions of hedging expressions. A taxonomy proposed by Salager-Meyer (1997) was employed to analyze the forms of hedging expressions and Hyland (1996b) taxonomy was applied to identify the functions of hedging expressions serve in newspaper headlines. The results show that both groups of writers tend to employ hedging expressions in terms of the forms and functions in the similar way. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the use of hedging expressions by two groups of writers.
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Loew, Patty, and Kelly Mella. "Black Ink and the New Red Power: Native American Newspapers and Tribal Sovereignty." Journalism & Communication Monographs 7, no. 3 (September 2005): 99–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152263790500700301.
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This research explores the relationship between Native American newspapers and tribal sovereignty. By means of a content analysis of more than a thousand environmental stories in four tribal newspapers in Wisconsin, interviews with Native American journalists, and discussions with Indian focus groups, the study examines the themes and values tribal journalists and their readers attach to sovereignty. The research suggests that Native newspapers are an important source of information about sovereignty for Native Americans. It also finds that cultural values and themes that reinforce sovereignty emerge from Native news reports about the environment. The United States Government has a unique legal relationship with Native American tribal governments as set forth in the Constitution of the United States, treaties, statutes, and court decisions. As executive departments and agencies undertake activities affecting Native American tribal rights or trust resources, such activities should be implemented in a knowledgeable, sensitive manner respectful of tribal sovereignty … to ensure that the Federal Government operates within a government-to-government relationship with federally recognized Native American tribes.
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MARIER, PATRIK, and MARINA REVELLI. "Compassionate Canadians and conflictual Americans? Portrayals of ageism in liberal and conservative media." Ageing and Society 37, no. 8 (May 23, 2016): 1632–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x16000544.
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ABSTRACTBuilding upon earlier studies on ageism in the media and the polarised ageism framework, this contribution compares the prevalence of three forms of ageism – intergenerational, compassionate and new ageism – in four Canadian and American newspapers. The analysis has three objectives. First, it adapts the polarised ageism framework to a comparative case study to assess its usefulness beyond Canada. Second, it analyses which form of ageism occurs more frequently in the coverage of ageing-related stories in Canadian or American newspapers. Third, it studies the importance of the political orientation of news media across both countries by comparing the portrayal of ageing-related stories in conservative and liberal newspapers. Core findings include the presence of a stronger focus on intergenerational ageism in American and conservative newspapers and more frequent prevalence of compassionate ageism in Canada and liberal newspapers. American newspapers also typically employ more pejorative and sensational language.
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PETROVA, MARIA. "Newspapers and Parties: How Advertising Revenues Created an Independent Press." American Political Science Review 105, no. 4 (October 26, 2011): 790–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055411000360.
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Media freedom strongly inhibits corruption and promotes good governance, but what leads to media freedom? Do economic development and higher advertising revenues tend to make media outlets independent of political groups' influence? Using data on nineteenth-century American newspapers, I show that places with higher advertising revenues were likelier to have newspapers that were independent of political parties. Similar results hold when local advertising rates are instrumented by regulations on outdoor advertising and newspaper distribution. In addition, newly created newspapers were more likely to enter the market as independents in places with higher advertising rates. I also exploit the precise timing of major changes in advertising rates to identify how advertising revenues affected the entry of new newspapers. Finally, I demonstrate that economic development, and concomitant higher advertising revenue, is not the only reason that an independent press expands; political factors also played a role.
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Privalova, Yulia, Anastasia Manoylo, Alexey Yakovlev, Victoria Ovcharenko, and David Erben. "Teaching earth science students to recognize communicative intent in media headlines: clickbait phenomenon." E3S Web of Conferences 363 (2022): 04054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236304054.
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This paper examines ways of teaching Earth science students techniques to recognize manipulative clickbait in the online versions of American newspapers. The study presents an analysis of headlines in the online versions of the newspaper aiming to determine the specificities of the use of clickbait and to further classify the techniques through which it is employed. The analyzed data was collected from the Sports and Business sections of the 2021 online issues of the New York Times and the Washington Post. The frequency of clickbait use was found in each of the newspapers in general and in each of the studies section in particular. The analysis resulted in the classification of the techniques of achieving the clickbait effect. The individual characteristics of the journalists’ styles of the newspapers under study was further investigated. The quantitative analysis revealed varying amounts of clickbait in the headlines of the online newspapers.
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Stojan, Nataša, and Sonja Novak Mijić. "Conceptual Metaphors in Political Discourse in Croatian, American and Italian Newspapers." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ajis-2019-0007.
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Abstract In political discourse metaphors are frequently employed for persuading and manipulating the public. The aim of our research is to show whether there are differences in the use of source domains of conceptual metaphors among Croatian politicians in comparison with American and Italian politicians. The corpus of our research consists of political newspaper articles and interviews from Croatian, American and Italian daily newspapers (Jutarnji list, Večernji list, Corriere della Sera, Repubblica, ABC, USA Today and The New York Times), downloaded from newspaper archives. We can conclude that metaphorical expressions vary from language to language, but often the same metaphorical expressions appear in all languages. Expressions that frequently recur are victory, attack, battle, race, defense, splay, stage and role. Except for two ontological metaphors in Croatian examples, we can say that there is no major difference in the source domains between Croatian, American and Italian political discourse.
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Waheed, Aqdas, Amna Rafique, and Shazia Ismail Toor. "News Coverage of US Withdrawal from Afghanistan: A Study of the Dawn, New York Post and Afghanistan Times (14th April - 31st August 2021)." Global Foreign Policies Review VI, no. I (March 30, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2023(vi-i).01.
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The aim of the present study is to investigate the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news coverage of Pakistani newspaper Dawn, U.S. newspaper New York Post and Afghanistan newspaper Afghanistan Times during the period 14th April to 31st August 2021 in accordance with their foreign policy.The purpose of the study how the newspapers of three major stakeholder countries cover the withdrawal in the light of their respective national interest. The interest of these countries differs from one another in terms of foreign policy. Media is the fourth pillar of the state; the media can be a great way to promote any policy.Agenda-setting theory and media framing theory plays an important role in giving importance to certain aspects of news and ignoring certain aspects according to the set agenda. A mixed methods approach combination of qualitative and quantitative content analysis was used and three newspapers coverage was chosen. A total of 229 news were extracted. The results indicate that the news coverage contents of Pakistani, American, and Afghanistan newspapers are in accordance with their foreign policy. Results show each country’s media presents international issues pertaining to foreign policy in accordance with the national interest.
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Riaz, Saqib. "Coverage of The United States-Pakistan Relationsin American Newspapers." African and Asian Studies 16, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 189–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341099.
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Abstract The relations between the United States of America and Pakistan have a significant impact on the world’s politics as well as in shaping the future of the globe. However, the relations between the two countries have been passing through a lot of ups and downs during the last seven decades. Media have a pivotal role in framing and shaping this ‘love and hate’ relationship. The purpose of this study was to investigate the coverage of the United States-Pakistan relations by the American newspapers because the media coverage shapes the public opinion. Two major newspapers of the United States were content analyzed for a period of one year with the help of Lexis and Nexis and the coverage of Pakistan was measured and analyzed qualitatively as well as quantitatively. The results of the study revealed that the American newspapers portrayed a highly negative image of Pakistan and most of the coverage about the bilateral relations was found as negative.
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Son, Sanghee. "Local Newspapers in Four Major Latin American Countries Trend and Meaning of Korean Wave Articles." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 45, no. 2 (February 28, 2023): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2023.02.45.02.13.
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The purpose of this paper is to find out the substance and characteristic meaning of the ‘Hallyu’ in Latin America through analysis of local newspaper articles in major Latin American countries. The passionate local response to the ‘Hallyu’ is a topic frequently covered by the Korean media through foreign media. However, it was found that the ‘Hallyu’ in Latin America is somewhat over-packaged than reported by the Korean media. The ‘Hallyu’ in Latin American is being enjoyed by a small number of fandoms at the center of 'K-POP' and some categories of ‘Hallyu’. But it could not spread to consumer goods such as beauty, fashion, and tourism. However, through the COVID-19 pandemic, the ‘Hallyu’ can grow significantly due to the combination of Latin America's digital transformation business and the change of perception of “COREA.” Therefore, providing sophisticated local information and balanced analysis on the ‘Hallyu’ could be of practical help to Latin American relations policies.
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Маркина and Yulia Markina. "Conversations in the American Newspaper «The New York Times» at the End of the XX Сentury." Modern Communication Studies 5, no. 3 (June 10, 2016): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19819.
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In this article the author analyzes factors and social conditions that in the
1990s affected the transformation of the editorial policy of the «The New
York Times», one of the most respected and influential newspapers, not
only in the United States, but worldwide. The author of this article traced
trends and conditions of the development of American quality press that
turned «The New York Times» from strictly quality newspaper intended for
the intellectual elite and high-ranking officials in qualitative mass edition.
The publishers were forced to adapt to the wishes and sentiments of new
readers. Consequently, their decision was to simplify the official style of respectable
«The New York Times» paying more attention to the scandalous
articles and the criminal chronicle. The article also explores the thematic focus
of updated elite newspaper, addressed now not only to the rich people
of high society, but also to representatives of different social groups. The
subjects of this article are typological innovations in the newspaper related
to social, cultural, economic and political changes in the United States. The
purpose of the study is to analyze the above changes in content of the
newspaper’s publications.
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Fearn-Banks, Kathleen. "African-American Press Coverage of Clarence Thomas Nomination." Newspaper Research Journal 15, no. 4 (September 1994): 98–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953299401500411.
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The nomination of Clarence Thomas for the Supreme Court posed a dilemma for African-American newspapers because they had to choose between supporting African-Americans and supporting civil rights. Their mixed coverage of the story reflects this dilemma.
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Alexander, John K., David A. Copeland, and Carol Sue Humphrey. "Colonial American Newspapers: Character and Content." William and Mary Quarterly 55, no. 1 (January 1998): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2674341.
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Mindich, David T. Z. "Colonial American Newspapers: Character and Content." American Journalism 15, no. 2 (April 1998): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.1998.10731974.
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Utt, Sandra H., and Steve Pasternak. "Update on Infographics in American Newspapers." Newspaper Research Journal 21, no. 2 (March 2000): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953290002100205.
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Höhn, Maria. "“We Will Never Go Back to the Old Way Again”: Germany in the African-American Debate on Civil Rights." Central European History 41, no. 4 (November 14, 2008): 605–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938908000861.
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This special edition of Central European History is concerned with how America viewed Germany, and my contribution focuses on how, beginning with Hitler's rise to power, Germany became a point of reference for the emerging American civil-rights movement. By looking at Crisis, published by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and Opportunity, published by the National Urban League, as well as African-American newspapers, such as the Pittsburgh Courier, Chicago Defender, Amsterdam News, Afro-American, Negro Digest, Ebony, and Jet, I will show how the black community discussed developments in Germany, America's struggle against Nazi racism, and the black soldiers' experience in postwar Germany.
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Weingrad, Michael. "Messiah, American Style: Mordecai Manuel Noah and the American Refuge." AJS Review 31, no. 1 (April 2007): 75–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009407000499.
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For more than a century, his story has regularly exercised historical and literary imaginations alike. How could it be otherwise? Diplomat, playwright, journalist, politician, and visionary, Mordecai Manuel Noah (1785–1851) was an extraordinary individual. In the course of his life, he wrote and produced successful plays, fought a duel, established himself as a popular newspaper columnist, rescued enslaved American sailors during his tenure as U.S. consul in Tunis, published an important book on his travels in Europe and North Africa, influenced presidential elections through his editorship of major newspapers, and served as judge and port surveyor of New York City. He was easily the most prominent and influential Jew in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century. Moreover, he has been described as the first public figure “to demand continuous recognition as both a devoted American and as a devoted Jew.”
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Ye, Tianxiang. "Unmasking Orientalism: Stereotypes in Education and Media in 20th Century America and Europe." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 23 (December 13, 2023): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v23i.12947.
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This article examines the influence of Orientalism in both education and media during the 20th century in the United States and other European countries. The analysis highlights the significance of Orientalism and how it contributed to the stereotypes in education and the media. This research paper draws upon a diverse range of sources, including American textbooks, American and European films, and newspapers in the United States and across Europe in the 20th century. While the article briefly touches on Orientalism in education and media generally, its primary focus lies in dissecting Orientalist themes within American and European textbooks, films, and newspapers from this era. The examination of textbooks reveals how both Americans and Europeans portrayed Asians through a lens tinted by stereotypes and occasional hostilities. Likewise, in the realm of films and newspapers, an abundance of questionable Orientalist elements often misled readers and viewers, fostering a distorted understanding of Oriental cultures. These works, laden with biases, readily engendered stereotypes of Asians among European audiences. By shedding light on these dynamics, this research paper seeks to catalyze a positive transformation in American and European education and media, while also offering a challenge to the enduring presence of Orientalism.
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Bean, Erik. "Autoethnography of the Cultural Competence Exhibited at an African American Weekly Newspaper Organization." Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 16 (2019): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4309.
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Aim/Purpose: Little is known of the cultural competence or leadership styles of a minority owned newspaper. This autoethnography serves to benchmark one early 1990s example. Background: I focused on a series of flashbacks to observe an African American weekly newspaper editor-in-chief for whom I reported to 25 years ago. In my reflections I sought to answer these questions: How do minorities in entrepreneurial organizations view their own identity, their cultural competence? What degree of this perception is conveyed fairly and equitably in the community they serve? Methodology: Autoethnography using both flashbacks and article artifacts applied to the leadership of an early 1990s African American weekly newspaper. Contribution: Since a literature gap of minority newspaper cultural competence examples is apparent, this observation can serve as a benchmark to springboard off older studies like that of Barbarin (1978) and that by examining the leadership styles and editorial authenticity as noted by The Chicago School of Media Theory (2018), these results can be used for comparison to other such minority owned publications. Findings: By bringing people together, mixing them up, and conducting business any other way than routine helped the Afro-American Gazette, Grand Rapids, proudly display a confidence sense of cultural competence. The result was a potentiating leadership style, and this style positively changed the perception of culture, a social theory change example. Recommendations for Practitioners: For the minority leaders of such publications, this example demonstrates effective use of potentiating leadership to positively change the perception of the quality of such minority owned newspapers. Recommendations for Researchers: Such an autoethnography could be used by others to help document other examples of cultural competence in other minority owned newspapers. Impact on Society: The overall impact shows that leadership at such minority owned publications can influence the community into a positive social change example. Future Research: Research in the areas of culture competence, leadership, within minority owned newspapers as well as other minority alternative publications and websites can be observed with a focus on what works right as well as examples that might show little social change model influence. The suggestion is to conduct the research while employed if possible, instead of relying on flashbacks.
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Masroor, Farzana, Muhammad Yousaf, Azhar Habib, and Ijaz Ali Khan. "‘Future Talk’ in Newspaper Editorials: Predictions and Their Role in Argumentative Discourse." International Journal of English Linguistics 10, no. 3 (March 17, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v10n3p115.
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Newspaper editorials are known for taking a stance while fulfilling their goals of persuading the audience. In this regard, making future predictions is a crucial strategy in the argument structure of editorials. They are considered as risky acts since they are meant to outline future course of action as well as outcomes of such actions for their audience. This research is focused on the analysis of the speech acts of predictions among newspaper editorials of Pakistani, American and Malaysian newspapers. The analysis is focused on the exploration of forms, force and occurrence of these acts. The results indicate the preference of Pakistani and American newspapers in using strong predictions. The Malaysian newspaper meanwhile is found to be less explicit when predicting the future. This is indicated by less use of the strategy as well as adoption of implicit ways to express propositions related to the future. The results affirm the role of editorials as opinion leaders in their respective societies and the differences across cultures can be interpreted with respect to the extra linguistic and contextual factors that control editorial structures and strategies. The findings of the study are useful for future researchers to explore the relationship of language and its communicative purpose especially when fulfilling the goals of persuasion across cultures and contexts.
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Bilić, Viktorija. "Deutschamerikanische Zeitungskorpora (1845–1860): Eine Kollokationsstudie." Lebende Sprachen 67, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): 311–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2022-1007.
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Abstract This paper focuses on a collocation study of a historical newspaper corpus for the years between 1845 and 1860. After defining the meaning of collocations for the purpose of the study, the creation of the historical newspaper corpus as well as the method of data analysis is described. The main part of the contribution is then dedicated to a content analysis of the collocations found in a corpus of mid-19th century German-American newspapers.