Academic literature on the topic 'American Radiator Company'

This paper examines the characteristics of LED filament lamps from various manufacturers: LLC “ Lisma “(Russia), an American company with production in China “ GENERAL LIGHTING CO.LTD”, a joint Chinese-Russian company “ Uniel “and Taiwan company” Smartbuy “ in the A60 bulb – the time of stabilization of characteristics, luminous flux, colour temperature, colour rendering index, flicker index, radiation spectrum during 6000 hours of burning. The research was carried out on the Gooch&Housego measuring system. The results of experimental studies that showed that the clear leader in the test results is the lamp SDF‑8 (LISMA), according to GOST of all tested samples of led filament lamps, it can be recommended for lighting in lighting devices for household lighting.

Absnract. The results of the study of intraoperative x-ray irradiation of the affected two arrays are presented: the main array using neuronavigation and the control group, where standard 2D fluoroscopy was used. The radiation load on the operating surgeon and auxiliary operating personnel was also evaluated. Intraoperative visualization was carried out using the second-generation iNtellect ENT Navigation rack of the Stryker company (United States of America) for the victims of the main array and the Ziehm Vision RFD optical-optical converter (Germany) of the company for the victims of the control group. The imaging option using an electron-optical transducer is especially important for minimally invasive procedures, where instrumentation is performed percutaneously without direct anatomical control, as opposed to open procedures or working with distorted anatomical structures during injuries. Biplanar fluoroscopy was one of the first intraoperative methods of imaging in real time, and remains one of the leading technologies in orthopedic and spinal surgery. However, radiation exposure from intraoperative fluoroscopy remains a serious problem for patients, surgeons, and operating support staff. The negative effect of ionizing radiation leads to cell damage through the induction of deoxyribonucleic acid and the release of reactive oxygen species. In this regard, cell death or genome instability occurs, which leads to various radiation-related pathologies. It was found that the use of neuronavigation reduces the number of errors, reduces intraoperative trauma, and significantly reduces intraoperative radiation exposure to the injured, operating surgeon and auxiliary operating personnel. The large-scale introduction of navigation technologies will reduce or completely eliminate the harmful effects of ionizing radiation on the injured and medical personnel.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) represents a multidisciplinary approach to the delivery of ionizing high-dose radiation to treat a wide variety of disorders. Much of the radiosurgical literature is based upon retrospective single-center studies along with a few randomized controlled clinical trials. More timely and effective evidence is needed to enhance the consistency and quality of and clinical outcomes achieved with SRS. The authors summarize the creation and implementation of a national SRS registry. The American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) through NeuroPoint Alliance, Inc., started a successful registry effort with its lumbar spine initiative. Following a similar approach, the AANS and NeuroPoint Alliance collaborated with corporate partners and the American Society for Radiation Oncology to devise a data dictionary for an SRS registry. Through administrative and financial support from professional societies and corporate partners, a framework for implementation of the registry was created. Initial plans were devised for a 3-year effort encompassing 30 high-volume SRS centers across the country. Device-specific web-based data-extraction platforms were built by the corporate partners. Data uploaders were then used to port the data to a common repository managed by Quintiles, a national and international health care trials company. Audits of the data for completeness and veracity will be undertaken by Quintiles to ensure data fidelity. Data governance and analysis are overseen by an SRS board comprising equal numbers of representatives from the AANS and NeuroPoint Alliance. Over time, quality outcome assessments and post hoc research can be performed to advance the field of SRS. Stereotactic radiosurgery offers a high-technology approach to treating complex intracranial disorders. Improvements in the consistency and quality of care delivered to patients who undergo SRS should be afforded by the national registry effort that is underway.

Objective: conduct a comparative study of methods for the modernization of mesh prostheses as a matrix for the cultivation of fibroblasts. Materials and methods: In the experiment conditions, polycaprolactone substance was applied to the surface of mesh hernioendoprostheses according to the original method proposed by V.V. Bereshchenko and a team of co-authors (2019). The polyvinylidene fluoride "Uniflex Standard" prosthesis (Lintex LLC, St. Petersburg, Russia) was chosen as the object of study. After applying the polymer, low-temperature plasma treatment was performed with the characteristics: frequency 5 kHz, pulse voltage 10 kV, power density 2 W/cm2, exposure time 5 minutes. After that, the samples were sterilized using X-ray radiation with a power of 150 kV and an exposure of 3 min. The application of cells was carried out by introducing samples into a DMEM medium with fibroblast culture for 5 days. The obtained samples were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Statistical processing was performed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test in the Statistica 10 program (Dell Software Company, Round Rock, Texas, United States of America). Results: The data obtained indicate the successful attachment of fibroblasts to the surface of modified hernioprostheses.

The unprecedented mining boom of the 1990s in Latin America may or may have not contributed to socioeconomic development in the region, but it has certainly been accompanied by increased socio-environmental conflicts. Economists and sociologists have developed taxonomies for such conflicts and have attempted to explain them based on theories of resource mobilization, rational options, social cohesion, and identity construction applied to settings of generally extreme poverty. This study developed and tested psychological hypotheses based on personal values, attribution theory, reputational concern of the firm, intergroup threat theory, and UV radiation theory entailing mining managers’ reactions to socio-environmental conflicts in Peru and effects of latitude and altitude. Forty-three Corporate Social Responsibility managers of the 49 mining corporations registered in the Society of Mining, Petroleum, and Energy of Peru filled-in a 20-minute questionnaire in the presence of one of the investigators at company offices (December 2017). 100 % of respondents were male, most of them middle-aged. A 3-factor structure of political, economic, and ecological concerns sustained the attributions of cause whereas mine’s surrounding populations were perceived as moral, incompetent, and positive; in balance, these perceptions represent favorable conditions for conflict resolution. However, contrary to expectations, firm’s experience of socio-environmental conflicts was not associated with these outcomes. Rather, geography emerged as a moderator of the relationship between the level of socio-environmental conflict experienced and managers’ perceptions of the surrounding populations. These results suggest that mining managers more affected by socio-environmental conflict strengthened racial stereotypes in response to the external challenge.

Wireless charging schemes aim to counter some drawbacks of electric vehicles’ wired charging, such as the fact that it does not encourage mobility, leads to safety issues regarding high voltage cables, power adapters high cost, and has more battery waste by companies. In this paper, a comparative study of wireless power transfer multiple coil geometries is performed to analyze the efficiency, coupling coefficient, mutual inductance, and magnetic flux density production for each geometry. Results show that coil geometry, current excitation, and shielding techniques within the Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging (WEVC) system substantially influence magnetic flux leakage. In addition, the paper proposes an analytical framework for a WEVC scheme via electromagnetic resonance coupling. Safety considerations of the WEVC system, including the effects on humans, are investigated in several scenarios based on the relative location of the human while EV charging is conducted as the leading paper’s goal. The exposure measurements are performed across various radial distances from the coils using 3-D FEA ANSYS Maxwell Software (American technology company, Pennsylvania, United States). The analysis shows that WEVC systems can achieve high power transfer, resulting in increased magnetic flux leakage around the coils. The safe distance for humans and animals during the charging sequence is attained from research results. For instance, in the 120 mm spiral coil, 120 mm square coil, and 600 mm spiral coil operating at 1 A, excitation, the SAR levels are under the threshold of 700 mm away from the coils. For the 600 mm spiral coil excited at 8 A, the SAR levels fall under the threshold at 900 mm away from the coils. When shielding is utilized, the safe distance is improved by up to 350 mm. Considering the regulations of the Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards, 600 mm is a safe distance away from the coils, and, vertically, anywhere past 300 mm is safe for humans.

This article draws attention to the shortcomings of modern lighting systems used in greenhouses. Its content focuses on the negative effects of mismatches between the photosynthetic needs of plants and the parameters of artificial light sources. Greenhouse lamps designers often do not have the knowledge of biological cultivation dependencies. Therefore, their cooperation with specialists of plant physiology and gardeners is indispensable. This is important because it can affect the consumer quality of vegetables. Full Text: PDF ReferencesM.Kucharczyk, I.Gąsak, Ecological effects of light pollution , III International Conference on Scientific and Technical TRANSEIA, Krynica Zdrój, Poland, 6-8 December 2017. DirectLink T. H. Goldsmith, What Birds See, Scientific American Inc. (2006), CrossRef E.J. Gerl, M.R. Morris, The Causes and Consequences of Color Vision, Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, 2008. CrossRef K. Jaworski, A. Szmidt-Jaworska, J. 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Abstract BACKGROUND: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, (ENKTCL) is a rare and aggressive peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection of neoplastic cells. The current standard-of-care for patients (pts) with localized disease is combined modality with radiation and systemic chemotherapy, while advanced disease is treated with asparaginase-based combination chemotherapy or chemoradiation. To date, there is limited real-world data regarding the clinico-pathological markers, survival patterns, and long-term outcomes ENKTCL in the United States. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of pts with ENKTCL. We reviewed clinical variables, pathological characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes. Patients who were treated/referred to our instituition from 2009-2020 were included in the analysis. We excluded cases with missing treatment and/or no follow up information. Fisher's exact test or Chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between two categorical variables. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the time-to-event endpoints including progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: A total of 69 patients met diagnostic criteria and were included in this retrospective analysis. Forty (60%) patients were <60 years of age at diagnosis with median age of 53 years (range 13-94); 38 (57%) were men. Thirty-five (50%) patients had early-stage, 28 (40%) advanced-stage disease among whom all but one had stage 4 disease, and 6 (10%) were unknown. Extranodal sites involved were cutaneous/ subcutaneous (n=16), CNS (n=5) and bone/ bone marrow (n=5). Of the cases with CD30 testing done, 54% (20/36) were positive. In early-stage disease, 10 pts received either radiation alone (n=4) or chemotherapy alone (n=6), while 24 received combined modality therapy. Only 15 patients with advanced-stage disease received frontline asparaginase based therapy. Five patients received CHOP based therapy all prior to 2014. Among the 53 patients evaluable for response, the overall response (OR) to first line treatment was 67.92% (95% CI: 53.68 ~ 80.08%) with complete response (CR) rate of 66.04% (95% CI: 51.73 ~ 78.48%). In those with early stage, 77% had a CR, whereas only 47 % with advanced disease had CR to frontline treatment (p=0.0327). Eight patients with advanced-stage disease underwent consolidation high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant, with 2 relapses post-therapy. The the median PFS to frontline treatment was 12.48 months (95% CI: 7.23-38.63), for stages I/II 19.15 months, and for stages III/IV 7.23 months . The PFS rate at 2 years was 35% (95% CI: 0.24-0.51) for the entire cohort, 46% (95% CI: 0.3-0.71) for stage I/II, and 21% (95% CI: 0.09-0.47) for stage III/ IV (p=0.0264) (Figure 1A). Extranodal involvement of the skin / subcutaneous tissue was associated with worse outcomes (Figures 1B and C), with a median PFS to frontline treatment at 3.52 months versus 14.22 months (P=0.0025), and a 2-year PFS of 14% (95% CI: 0.04-0.52). The median OS (Figure 1D) for the entire cohort was 33.94 months (95%CI 14.22 - NA), with OS at 2 years (Figure 1A) of 54% (95% CI: 0.42 -0.71) for the whole cohort, 72% (95% CI: 0.56 -0.92) for stage I/II and 33% (95% CI: 0.18 - 0.6) for stage III/ IV (p=0.0055). The most common second line regimen was SMILE (n=7, 5CRs and 1PR). Novel therapies included brentuximab vedotin (n=4), pembrolizumab (n=6), and EBV-directed T cell infusion (n=5). Analysis of molecular predictive markers, clinical correlates and toxicity data is currently ongoing and will be presented at the meeting. CONCLUSION: ENKTCL has poor prognosis especially in advanced stages. In this large single institution cohort, we evaluated the clinical and treatment patterns of this disease over a 12-year period. Our cohort was characterized by younger age and early stage. Higher response rates and improved survival were seen in those with early stage. In advanced stage; the presence of skin/ subcutaneous involvement was identified as a high-risk feature for worse survival. Furthermore, this trend was maintained for PFS and OS for those with advanced stages and skin/ subcutaneous involvement. A better understanding of targetable pathways and a unified treatment approach is needed to improve the outcomes for patients with high-risk features. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Huen: Rhizen: Research Funding; Elorac: Research Funding; Kyowa Kirin: Research Funding; Tillium: Research Funding; Innate: Research Funding; Galderma: Research Funding; Miragen: Research Funding. Ahmed: Seagen: Research Funding; Tessa Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Xencor: Research Funding. Steiner: BMS: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Rafael Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding. Chihara: Astrazeneca: Honoraria. Jain: Lilly: Consultancy; kite: Consultancy. Nastoupil: Caribou Biosciences: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Epizyme: Honoraria, Research Funding; MorphoSys: Honoraria; Genentech: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Gilead/Kite: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bayer: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; ADC Therapeutics: Honoraria; TG Therapeutics: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; IGM Biosciences: Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: DSMC, Research Funding; Denovo Pharma: Other: DSMC. Pinnix: Merck Inc: Research Funding. Neelapu: Kite, a Gilead Company, Merck, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Celgene, Pfizer, Allogene Therapeutics, Cell Medica/Kuur, Incyte, Precision Biosciences, Legend Biotech, Adicet Bio, Calibr, Unum Therapeutics and Bluebird Bio: Honoraria; Takeda Pharmaceuticals and related to cell therapy: Patents & Royalties; Kite, a Gilead Company, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Poseida, Cellectis, Celgene, Karus Therapeutics, Unum Therapeutics (Cogent Biosciences), Allogene, Precision BioSciences, Acerta and Adicet Bio: Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company, Merck, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Celgene, Pfizer, Allogene, Kuur, Incyte, Precision BioSciences, Legend, Adicet Bio, Calibr, and Unum Therapeutics: Other: personal fees. Flowers: 4D: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Adaptimmune: Research Funding; Morphosys: Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Cellectis: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics/Janssen: Consultancy; Karyopharm: Consultancy; Gilead: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kite: Research Funding; Ziopharm: Research Funding; Iovance: Research Funding; Nektar: Research Funding; Spectrum: Consultancy; SeaGen: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Biopharma: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Epizyme, Inc.: Consultancy; Denovo: Consultancy; Janssen: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Burroughs Wellcome Fund: Research Funding; Genmab: Consultancy; BeiGene: Consultancy; Amgen: Research Funding; Xencor: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Genentech/Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; National Cancer Institute: Research Funding; EMD: Research Funding; Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas: CPRIT Scholar in Cancer Research: Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group: Research Funding; Allogene: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Guardant: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding. Hosing: Nkarta Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Wang: OMI: Honoraria; Celgene: Research Funding; BGICS: Honoraria; Moffit Cancer Center: Honoraria; Genentech: Consultancy; Miltenyi Biomedicine GmbH: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bayer Healthcare: Consultancy; Imedex: Honoraria; Juno: Consultancy, Research Funding; The First Afflicted Hospital of Zhejiang University: Honoraria; Dava Oncology: Honoraria; Oncternal: Consultancy, Research Funding; Scripps: Honoraria; InnoCare: Consultancy, Research Funding; DTRM Biopharma (Cayman) Limited: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Clinical Care Options: Honoraria; Mumbai Hematology Group: Honoraria; BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Epizyme: Consultancy, Honoraria; CAHON: Honoraria; Hebei Cancer Prevention Federation: Honoraria; Chinese Medical Association: Honoraria; Loxo Oncology: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; VelosBio: Consultancy, Research Funding; Molecular Templates: Research Funding; Lilly: Research Funding; BioInvent: Research Funding; CStone: Consultancy; Newbridge Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria; Physicians Education Resources (PER): Honoraria; Kite Pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Anticancer Association: Honoraria; Acerta Pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Vega: i3Health, Elsevier, America Registry of Pathology, Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program, and the Society of Hematology Oncology: Research Funding; CRISPR Therapeutics and Geron: Research Funding. Iyer: CRISPRX: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Rhizen: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Legend: Research Funding; Innate: Research Funding; Spectrum: Research Funding; Trillium: Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Research Funding; Yingli: Research Funding; Cyclacel: Research Funding.

Background: Treatment options for relapse after allo-SCT remain limited with poor outcomes. Second Allo-SCT provides benefit to a small subset of patients (pts). However, relapse rates after second Allo-SCT are high and novel approaches to improve outcomes after second Allo-SCT are needed. Conventional total body irradiation (TBI) can reduce relapse rates, but greater radiation doses cannot be delivered safely without increasing the toxicity to surrounding normal tissues and organs. Total marrow irradiation (TMI) techniques permit dose escalation while substantially reducing doses delivered to normal tissues relative to conventional TBI. We conducted a phase I study to assess the feasibility of combining TMI with a fludarabine-melphalan conditioning regimen for second or beyond Allo-SCT to decrease relapse. Methods: Inclusion criteria required a matched/mismatched donor and relapse after previous allo-SCT. GVHD prophylaxis was tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil, plus ATG for mismatched donors (NCT02333162). From December 2015 to May 2020, twenty-two pts with were consented to this 3 + 3 phase I trial design; one pt failed to proceed and was replaced. 21 pts (18 AML, 2 MDS/MPN, one ALL) were treated with linac-based volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique using 6 MV photons. TMI was provided twice daily at 1.5 Gy per fraction starting with a total dose of 6 Gy, with dose escalation to 9 Gy and 12 Gy. Mucositis was an adverse event of special interest and assessed by the WHO Mucositis Score on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 post-transplant to investigate the combined mucosal injury from alkylating chemotherapy and radiation. Results: Baseline characteristics are summarized in Table 1. The median age was 56 years. All had matched donors except for one mismatched unrelated donor. 6 pts were in CR2, 4 pts in CR3, and 11 pts had refractory disease prior to 2nd SCT. 3 pts treated on dose level 6 Gy had no DLTs. At dose level 2 (9 Gy), the first pt of the cohort of six pts had grade 3 mucositis as a DLT on day 7; it resolved by day 21. The first 2 pts at dose level 3 (12 Gy) had no DLT, but the 3rd pt had DLT of grade 3 mucositis on day 7, resolving by day 14. Two more pts were treated and none had DLT. A sixth pt with refractory disease was treated but had graft failure with concurrent bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. This pt also developed grade 3 mucositis on day 14 that progressed to grade 4 on day 21 but resolved by day 28. Thus, we determined the MTD for TMI was 12 Gy; 9 Gy was an alternative dose for less fit or older pts. SCT outcomes were listed in Table 1. As mentioned above, 1 pt had primary graft failure, and one pt failed to have platelet engraftment due to early relapse. 11 pts developed aGVHD with cumulative aGVHD at 58%, and 4 pts developed cGVHD with cumulative cGVHD at 33%. With median follow up of 11 months (1 - 30 months), 6 pts had disease relapse after a median of 205 days (46-464 days); 10 pts have died (5 from PD; 2 from infection, 1 from GVHD, 1 from PTLD, 1 from second malignancy). Two year PFS and OS were 48% and 50% respectively, which compare favorably to the 2 years PFS and OS of 17.5% and 22.6% from our historical data with 65 pts who had 2nd Allo-SCT prior to this TMI trial at our center (Fan et al. Exp Hematol Oncol 2019). Conclusion: We recommend 12 Gy of VMAT-TMI as the MTD combined with fludarabine-melphalan (140mg/m2) as a conditioning regimen for second allo-SCT. Grade 3-4 mucositis was transient, peaking at days 7-14, and resolving by day 21-28. 9 Gy may be appropriate for less fit or older pts. The 2 year PFS and OS of 48% and 50% after second Allo-SCT for this novel TMI-based regimen are sufficiently encouraging to warrant further study. Table 1 Disclosures Liu: Agios: Honoraria, Other: Regional Advisory board meeting; BMS: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Research Funding. Stock:Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Research to Practice: Honoraria; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Agios: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Morphosys: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society: Research Funding; American Society of Hematology: Honoraria; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; UpToDate: Honoraria; Servier: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Larson:Novartis, Takeda, CVS/Caremark, Celgene, Amgen, Epizyme: Consultancy; Astellas, Celgene, Daiichi Sankyo, Novartis, Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Cellectis, Forty Seven: Research Funding. Kline:Verastem: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Kite/Gilead: Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck: Research Funding. Riedell:Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Kite Pharmaceuticals/Gilead: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bayer: Honoraria; Celgene/Bristol-Myers Squibb Company: Honoraria, Research Funding; Verastem Oncology: Honoraria; Morphosys: Research Funding; Karyopharm Therapeutics: Honoraria. Bishop:Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Autolus: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; CRSPPR Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Kite: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau.

Introduction Approximately 20% of patients (pts) with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) are age ≥ 60 years (yrs) at diagnosis (dx). Standard anthracycline-based therapies (ABTx) have historically shown lower efficacy and greater toxicity in this older population compared with younger pts, especially for unfit or frail pts. However, prior analyses have pre-dated the use of brentuximab vedotin (BV) and other novel targeted agents in the front-line setting and there remains no clearly defined or unified standard of care for this pt population. Studies in older lymphoma pts have also defined specific categories of pt fitness that may potentially guide therapy, although continued validation of these definitions in cHL are needed. We performed a large, multicenter retrospective study to identify current practice patterns in the US in older untreated cHL pts with specific attention to pt fitness using established definitions and to outcomes with ABTx versus non-ABTx. Methods Following IRB approval at each site, detailed pathologic and clinical data, including geriatric assessments (GAs) for the latter, were collected across 10 US academic medical centers. Eligible pts included: cHL dx on or after 1/1/2010, age ≥ 60 yrs at dx, and no preceding hematologic malignancy. Subjects with inadequate clinicopathologic and outcomes data or with dx other than cHL were excluded. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was developed to study the association of PFS and OS with various factors of interest, and survival rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier using SPSS. Associations were considered significant for two-sided P values ≤ 0.05. Results Among 254 eligible older cHL pts with newly diagnosed disease, clinical features included: median age 67 yrs (range 60-90+), 54% male, 64% stage III/IV, 46% B symptoms, and 86.1% ECOG PS 0-1. 68.9% had nodular sclerosis, 18.9% mixed cellularity, and 12.2% other subtypes; EBV was detectable by IHC or peripheral blood in 39.3% of evaluable cases (n=98). In terms of geriatric measures, 31 pts (12.2%) had loss of at least one ADL; 40 (15.8%) had a geriatric syndrome; and 16 (6.3%) had both. Of note, only one pt underwent a comprehensive GA prior to treatment. Using established fitness definitions in lymphoma (Tucci et al, 2015), pts were classified as "Fit" (n=129; 50.8%), "Unfit" (n=8; 3.2%), or "Frail" (n=112 (44.1%); 5 (2%) were unclassifiable due to incomplete data (Table 1). Front-line regimens included ABVD (n=145; 57.1%), AVD (n=33; 13.0%), and CHOP (n=18; 7.1%). 6 pts (2.4%) received BV monotherapy; 21 (8.3%) received BV with AVD, the latter either concurrently (N=11) or sequentially (n=10). 11 pts did not receive systemic tx, of whom 9 received radiation alone; 58 pts received radiation with systemic tx. ABVD recipients received an average of 7.4 doses of bleomycin (range 1-14) and 18.4% (n=26) had pulmonary toxicity. In addition, 56.7% (n=130) of pts experienced at least one tx-related toxicity, which was similar across all fitness groups (Table 1). 15.1% (n=38) of pts stopped tx due to toxicity, which was noted more often in "frail" pts though it was relatively uncommon. 11 pts (4.3%) experienced treatment-related mortality (TRM). Compared with pts receiving non-ABTx, ABTx was associated with significantly improved PFS (HR 0.391, P=0.008) and OS (HR 0.195, P=0.0004). ECOG PS >1 was associated with inferior PFS (HR=1.96, P=0.017) and OS (HR=3.09, P=0.002). Pts defined as "frail" had no apparent difference in PFS compared with fit pts (Figure 1A;P=0.169), although decreased OS was seen (Figure 1B; P=0.01). Discussion To the best of our knowledge, these data represent one of the largest analyses of older cHL pts in the modern era. Our real-world analysis shows that in those who are able to receive them, anthracyclines provide meaningful survival benefit in this older cHL patient population and can be well-tolerated for many pts. The impact of dose intensity and backbone regimen are not yet known. In addition, current definitions of "fitness" incompletely identified pts at risk for poor outcomes or greater toxicity. Further studies are planned to better delineate fitness in this population. Disclosures Bartlett: Celgene: Research Funding; ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Affimed: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Immune Design: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Millenium: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Forty Seven: Research Funding; Genenetech: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding. Grover:Seattle Genetics: Consultancy. Bennani:Adicet Bio: Other: Advisory board; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Adicet Bio: Other: Advisory board; Seattle Genetics: Other: Advisory board; Seattle Genetics: Other: Advisory board; Purdue Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Seattle Genetics: Other: Advisory board; Purdue Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Kite Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Kite Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Kite Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Purdue Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Adicet Bio: Other: Advisory board. Hill:Kite: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celegene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; TG therapeutics: Research Funding; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding. Advani:Takeda: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead Sciences, Inc./Kite Pharma, Inc.: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millennium: Research Funding; Kura: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Autolus: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bayer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck: Research Funding; Regeneron: Research Funding; Infinity Pharma: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Celmed: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Forty-Seven: Research Funding; Roche/Genentech: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Kyowa Kirin Pharmaceutical Developments, Inc.: Consultancy; Agensys: Research Funding; Stanford University: Employment, Equity Ownership; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Cell Medica, Ltd: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Svoboda:AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Celgene: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kyowa: Consultancy; Merck: Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding. Magarelli:Tevan Oncology: Speakers Bureau. Feldman:Takeda: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Kite Pharma: Honoraria, Other: Travel expenses, Speakers Bureau; Bayer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Research Funding; Cell Medica: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Corvus: Research Funding; Eisai: Research Funding; Kyowa Hakko Kirin: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Portola Pharma: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; Trillium: Research Funding; Viracta: Research Funding. Cohen:Astra Zeneca: Research Funding; ASH: Research Funding; UNUM: Research Funding; Hutchison: Research Funding; Takeda Pharmaceuticals North America, Inc.: Research Funding; Gilead/Kite: Consultancy; Lymphoma Research Foundation: Research Funding; LAM Therapeutics: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics, Inc.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol-Meyers Squibb Company: Research Funding; Janssen Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Genentech, Inc.: Consultancy, Research Funding. Evens:Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Tesaro: Research Funding; Epizyme: Consultancy, Honoraria; Verastem: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Honoraria. Portell:AbbVie: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy; BeiGene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kite: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta/AstraZeneca: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Xencor: Research Funding; Roche/Genentech: Research Funding; Infinity: Research Funding.

The results of the research related to the selection and justification of the parameters of office space comfort zones and sensors for their control have been presented. The parameters that determine the comfort zone of the premises have been divided into two groups. The first group includes microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, and air quality). The second group includes the parameters due to the equipment operation (radiation, lighting, dust, atmospheric pressure, noise). It has been shown that the level of comfort depends on the class of office space. For classes A and B, the microclimate parameters can be controlled and maintained by built-in air conditioning systems. However, the parameters of the second group require the development and implementation of specific engineering solutions. Class C, D, E office premises require the development and implementation of control systems, both for the microclimate parameters and the parameters due to the equipment operation. The paper presents a thorough analysis of standards and scientific publications on the object of research. Based on the results of the analysis, it has been concluded that existing publications, as a rule, provide mechanisms and tools for assessing individual parameters of the comfort zone and do not provide recommendations for their generalized (comprehensive) definition. Standards regulate either the normalized values of parameters or provide methods, principles, approaches to obtaining them. A three-step algorithm has been developed to define the parameters that determine the comfort zone of office premises. The peculiarity of this algorithm is that it allows simultaneously taking into account both the level of employee satisfaction with the comfort zone and the actual values of the parameters obtained using instrumental measurement methods. This approach allows finding a correlation between the results obtained by the questionnaire survey and by measuring and selecting the optimal parameter values of the office space comfort zone. To determine the configuration of the control system of office space comfort zone more than 50 sensors manufactured by different firms and companies have been analyzed. The selection and substantiation of sensors were carried out by the method of comparative analysis of their technical characteristics. According to the results of the analysis, seven sensors were selected. In particular, the SHT30 sensor manufactured by the Swiss company Sensirion was chosen to determine the temperature and humidity; for measuring air quality BME680 sensor from the German company Bosch was chosen; to determine the illuminance – a sensor type GY-302; for electric radiation – digital unipolar sensor A3144; for the dust parameter – the sensor of the Chinese company Waveshare; for noise level measurement – a sensor based on the MAX9814 amplifier manufactured by the American company Arduino and for atmospheric pressure – a BMP280 sensor. The research results should be used at the stage of control system development, both the microclimate parameters and the parameters due to the equipment operation. They are especially relevant for office premises of C, D, E classes, which have a lower level of comfort zone compared to classes A and B.

Translaminar fracture toughness is a key property that determines the notch sensitivity and the damage tolerance of fibre-reinforced composites. By establishing a novel downscaled compact tension specimen configuration, designed for 4D synchrotron radiation computed tomography, a comprehensive perception of developed failure mechanisms can be attained. In this study, first, an initial finite element model, based on limited literature data for a compact tension of a [90/0]8s T300/913 carbon-epoxy laminate [1] is developed. Next, the cohesive law parameters between 0°/0° plies in a [902/0/902/0/902/0/902] thinply HS40/736LT laminate are directly extracted from in-situ synchrotron radiation computed tomograms of miniaturized compact tension specimens. The interlaminar (90°/90°) parameters are obtained from double cantilever beam test results on a similar material system. To accurately predict the 𝑅-curve, the crack extension and crack opening displacements, in both 90° and 0° plies, were captured in a multi-linear cohesive law. Consequently, in the proposed finite element approach, two distinct cohesive surface definitions are assigned to the fracture plane. The numerical results confirm the lagging crack fronts in 0° plies.

Abstract The U.S. Department of Energy has recently completed a research program to support the development of the compact heat exchanger (CHX) for use in high temperature advanced reactors. The project was executed by an Integrated Research Project (IRP) and includes team members from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of Michigan, Georgia Institute of Technology, University of Idaho, North Carolina State University, Oregon State University, Electric Power Research Institute, MPR Associates, and heat exchanger manufacturers CompRex and Vacuum Process Engineering. The research was guided by a roadmap to support the eventual adoption of an American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Code Case for compact heat exchanger designs in high temperature reactor service. This roadmap is outlined in Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science, NERS 19-1161, which identified specific research gaps to support the Code Case. The IRP has completed the research and the ASME Section III Standards Committee is in the process of writing and approving a Code Case for Section III, Division 5, Class A applications. This paper provides the detailed technical basis for the ASME Code Case for CHX. The paper provides a vital link between the research results and the proposed Code Case and closes the research gaps that are tied to the original Roadmap. In addition, the paper provides further detailed commentary on the proposed requirements. The major technology gaps included material properties, failure modes and effects, analysis methods, and examination methods. The IRP studied basic material properties of diffusion bonded plate, creep and fatigue models, development of NDE methodology and development of advanced analytical approaches to design.

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code [1], Section XI, Appendix G provides a deterministic procedure for defining Service Level A and B pressure-temperature limits for ferritic components in the reactor coolant pressure boundary. An alternative risk-informed methodology has been developed for ASME Section XI, Appendix G. This alternative methodology provides easy to use procedures to define risk-informed pressure-temperature limits for Service Level A and B events, including leak testing and reactor start-up and shut-down. Risk-informed pressure-temperature limits provide more operational flexibility, particularly for reactor pressure vessels with relatively high irradiation levels and radiation sensitive materials. This work evaluated selected plants spanning the population of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) and boiling water reactors (BWRs). The evaluation included determining appropriate material properties, reviewing operating history and system operational constraints, and performing probabilistic fracture mechanics analyses. The analysis results were used to define risk-informed pressure-temperature relationships that comply with safety goals defined by the United States (U.S.) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). This alternative methodology will provide greater operational flexibility, especially for Service Level A and B events that may adversely affect efficient and safe plant operation, such as low-temperature-over-pressurization (LTOP) for PWRs and system leak testing for BWRs. Overall, application of this methodology can result in increased plant efficiency, and increased plant and personnel safety.

Image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) is a promising method for precise targeting and treatment of cervical and prostate cancer where one can adapt the radiation delivery according to tumor spread and organs at risk (OAR). The currently developing procedural modality incorporating optical tracking and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) for superior soft tissue contrast, later combined with CT data, will likely develop into a readily affordable option, as the use of MRI will become unnecessary [1]. This is especially relevant for developing countries (mainly in SE Africa and S America) where the MRI scanners are scarce and the occurrence specifically of cervical cancer is the highest worldwide [2]. In brachytherapy, the procedure requires either the use of an active source (cervix) or implantation of radioactive seeds (prostate) in an accurate way as to enable sufficient safety margin with respect to the OAR. The sources irradiate the tissue of interest through gynecological (GYN) applicators (inserted internally) as well as hollow needles guided by either these applicators or prostate templates (positioned externally). Due to the localized use of several devices, an uninterrupted verification of source or needle placement can only be provided if the TRUS probe scans the volume of interest without much movement, likely leading to physical interference. Hence, the longitudinal ultrasound (US) array is used to obtain a 3D-US volume using a rotational sweep. The use of a TRUS probe for an automatic US image reconstruction requires the probe to be housed in a motorized unit, a so-called stepper or a probe holder, which should ideally be integrated seamlessly into the overall procedure without impeding the established workflow or imposing any unnecessary space and time restrictions within the operating room (OR). Seamless integration should also mean minimal assembly steps required by the OR staff, whether nurses or surgeons themselves, as well as the possibility to use the TRUS probe in a natural unrestricted way. More specifically, when housed in the stepper, the probe’s geometry and weight should not be exaggerated as to allow enough haptic feedback for the surgeon when guiding the probe through the bodily cavities or probing for any unnatural or pathological tissue. Examples of conventional brachytherapy steppers include Mikrostepper MST 200 (GfM, Riedstadt-Leeheim, Germany), Transperineal Stepper (D&K Technologies, Barum, Germany), AccuCARE™ Classic Stepper (Civco, Coralville, IA, USA), STP 110 Precision™ Stepper (Best NOMOS, Pittsburgh, PA, USA), or OncoSelect Stepper equipped with EndoCavity Rotational Mover (Elekta, Veenendaal, NL). Each of these devices provides precise rotational and translational fine-tuning, motorized image acquisition as well as high positioning rigidity. Yet, in most cases, this is at the expense of their oversized dimensions, large mass often requiring a counterweight, limited range of motion or cumbersome handling. As a result, their overall usability is compromised, especially in applications requiring better haptic experience, such as an initial free-hand scan during GYN brachytherapy. Hence, the aim of this paper is to present a novel, compact and versatile solution compensating for the aforementioned limitations and enabling seamless integration.

Basic Technical Details: Displacement: 5000 tonnes; Width: 23.2m; Height: 6.6m; Length: 65m; Draught: 3.5m; Processing Throughput: 7000m3/year. In October 1993, the Governments of Japan and the Russian Federation signed an Intergovernmental Agreement to reduce the threat of nuclear weapons in the Former Soviet Union. Towards achieving this goal, the Japanese Government had initially allotted $100 million towards, which was increased to $200 million in 1999. The main objective of the Suzuran project is to process low-level liquid radioactive waste, which has been in storage for some years, and prevent it from being dumped into the seas shared by Japan and Russia. The construction and completion of the Suzuran, in the Russian Far East, is the brainchild of the Japanese Government, and is the first successful international project of its kind in Russia. Suzuran neatly solves the problem of making safe the liquid radioactive waste being derived from general purpose and missile nuclear submarines of the Russian Pacific Fleet as they are decommissioned and dismantled. The project was administered by the Technical Secretariat of the Japan-Russia Committee for Co-operation on Reducing Nuclear Weapons, who appointed Crown Agents as their agent and RWE NUKEM as their Technical Consultants to manage the project on a day to day basis and oversee the tender, construction and commissioning. This project is unique and complex in that it is, in reality, two projects. Firstly, the construction of a sea-going barge and, secondly, the construction of a complex radioactive liquid waste processing facility. Changes in the Russian Radiation Regulations during the course of the project, required the design to be altered significantly; for example, the facility had to be mounted within the structure of the vessel. Numerous regulators, design and testing institutes were involved throughout the project, to ensure it complied with both Russian and International regulations. Suzuran is the only floating complex that can operate independently for up to 30 days away from base. It is also exceptional in having the greatest throughput capacity of any project of its type and in being fully actively commissioned and licensed to operate, as part of the original contract. Other similar projects, which have a lower throughput and are land-based, have been handed over prior to completion of active commissioning. The international project was particularly complex since it involved not only Japan and Russia but also a Japanese-American contractor, who subcontracted the construction work to Russian shipyards. The Amurski Shipyard at Komsomolsk-na-Amur constructed the Vessel and the processing Facility was constructed in America and shipped to Russia where it was installed on the Barge. The Barge was then towed down the Amur River and down the Russian East Coast to Bolshoi Kamen where it was inactively and actively commissioned. The completed Barge was completed and is now operating, following a one-year warranty period. The project required everyone’s close co-operation and understanding. Particularly onerous was the need to comply with comprehensive Russian regulations, both for sea-going vessels as well as for nuclear facilities. This is a success story in itself. The official Handover ceremony of Suzuran was held in November 2000 and is now operating at the Far Eastern Shipyard, Zvezda. This paper will describe the history and process involved in establishing the Barge project for the treatment of Low Level Liquid Radioactive Waste.

The current regulations, as set forth by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), to insure that light-water nuclear reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) maintain their structural integrity when subjected to planned normal reactor startup (heat-up) and shut-down (cool-down) transients are specified in Appendix G to 10 CFR Part 50, which incorporates by reference Appendix G to Section XI of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Code. The technical basis for these regulations are now recognized by the technical community as being conservative and some plants are finding it increasingly difficult to comply with the current regulations. Consequently, the nuclear industry has developed, and submitted to the ASME Code for approval, an alternative risk-informed methodology that reduces the conservatism and is consistent with the methods previously used to develop a risk-informed revision to the regulations for accidental transients such as pressurized thermal shock (PTS). The objective of the alternative methodology is to provide a relaxation to the current regulations which will provide more operational flexibility, particularly for reactor pressure vessels with relatively high irradiation levels and radiation sensitive materials, while continuing to provide reasonable assurance of adequate protection to public health and safety. The NRC and its contractor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) have recently performed an independent review of the industry proposed methodology. The NRC / ORNL review consisted of performing probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) analyses for a matrix of cool-down and heat-up rates, permutated over various reactor geometries and characteristics, each at multiple levels of embrittlement, including 60 effective full power years (EFPY) and beyond, for various postulated flaw characterizations. The objective of this review is to quantify the risk of a reactor vessel experiencing non-ductile fracture, and possible subsequent failure, over a wide range of normal transient conditions, when the maximum allowable thermal-hydraulic boundary conditions, derived from both the current ASME code and the industry proposed methodology, are imposed on the inner surface of the reactor vessel. This paper discusses the results of the NRC/ORNL review of the industry proposal including the matrices of PFM analyses, results, insights, and conclusions derived from these analyses.

Introduction: Carcinoma cervix is the fourth (GLOBACON 2012) most common cancer among women worldwide, and the main cancer affecting women in Sub-Saharan Africa, Central America and south-central Asia. In India, approx. 1,23,000 (GLOBACON 2012) new cases of carcinoma cervix are diagnosed each year. Brachytherapy is an integral part of treatment of cancer cervix. In the context of a developing country like us where maximum utilization of the resource is of prime importance to provide treatment to the large patient cohort, shortening the treatment duration and number of fractions always increases efficiency. In order to maximize the logistic benefits of HDR-BT while improving patient compliance and resource sparing, various fractionation regimens are used. Fractionation and dose adjustments of the total dose are radiobiologically important factors in lowering the incidence of complications without compromising the treatment results. Aim: To compare patient outcomes and complications using two linear-quadratic model-based fractionation schemes of high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy (HDR-IC) used to treat cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized study on 318 patients, with histologically proven advanced carcinoma cervix (stages IIB-IIIB) was enrolled in the study. All patients received External Beam Radio Therapy (EBRT) 50 Gy in 25 fractions with concurrent chemotherapy (cisplatin 35 mg/m2) followed by IntraCavitary brachytherapy using high dose rate equipment. Patients were randomised after completion of EBRT into two arms: (1) Arm 1: HDR ICRT 6.5 Gy per fraction for 3 fractions, a week apart. (2) Arm 2: HDR ICRT, 9 Gy per fraction for 2 fractions, 1 week apart. On completion of treatment, patients were assessed monthly for 3 months followed by 3 monthly thereafter. Treatment response was assessed according to WHO criteria after one month of completion of radiotherapy. The RTOG criteria were used for radiation induced toxicities. We analyzed late toxicities in terms of Rectal, Bladder, Small Bowel toxicity and Vaginal Stenosis. Results: Acute reactions in both the groups were comparable. None of the patient developed Grade 4 toxicity in our study and no toxicity related mortality was encountered. A slightly high frequency of late toxicity was observed in 9Gy Arm patients but was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In our setup, HDR brachytherapy at 9 Gy per fraction in two fractions is safe, effective and resource saving method with good local control, survival, and manageable normal tissue toxicity.