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Journal articles on the topic 'American United States Philippines'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Smiley, Will. "Lawless Wars of Empire? The International Law of War in the Philippines, 1898–1903." Law and History Review 36, no. 3 (2018): 511–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248017000682.

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Writing for his fellow military officers in early 1903, United States Army Major C.J. Crane reflected on the recent Philippine–American War. The bloody struggle to suppress an insurgency in the Philippines after the United States had annexed them from Spain in 1899 had officially concluded the previous July. The war had been accompanied by fierce racist sentiments among Americans, and in keeping with these, Crane described his foes as “the most treacherous people in the world.” But Crane's discussion drew as much on concepts of law as it did on race. The average American officer, Crane argued,

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2

WERTZ, DANIEL J. P. "Idealism, Imperialism, and Internationalism: Opium Politics in the Colonial Philippines, 1898–1925." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 2 (2012): 467–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000388.

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AbstractWhile establishing a framework for colonial governance in the Philippines, American policymakers had to confront the issue of opium smoking, which was especially popular among the Philippine Chinese community. In 1903, the Philippine Commission proposed a return to the Spanish-era policy of controlling the opium trade through tax farming, igniting outrage among American Protestant missionaries in the Philippines and their supporters in the United States. Their actions revived a faltering global anti-opium movement, leading to a series of international agreements and domestic restrictio

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3

Lifshey, Adam. "The Literary Alterities of Philippine Nationalism in José Rizal's El filibusterismo." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 123, no. 5 (2008): 1434–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2008.123.5.1434.

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The seminal novels of the Philippines, José Rizal's Noli me tangere (1887) and El filibusterismo (1891), are written in Spanish, a language that began evaporating in the archipelago when the United States defeated Spain in the Spanish-American War in 1898 and imposed English as a lingua franca. Where does a foundational author like Rizal fit in a discussion of globalized literatures when the Philippines are commonly framed as a historical and cultural hybrid neither quite Asian nor quite Western? In Rizal's El filibusterismo, the Philippines are an inchoate national project imagined not in Asi

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May, Glenn Anthony. "Father Frank Lynch and the Shaping of Philippine Social Science." Itinerario 22, no. 3 (1998): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300009621.

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Although the United States granted the Philippines formal independence in 1946, American influence in the former colony did not disappear overnight. In the decades following independence, American policymakers continued to play key roles in Philippine politics; American businessmen, presidents, legislators, and bureaucrats and US-based international money lending agencies continued to have a considerable impact on the Philippine economy; and American popular culture continued to penetrate Philippine society and culture (as it did elsewhere). But perhaps no sector of Philippine society was as p

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Nagano, Yoshiko. "THE PHILIPPINE CURRENCY SYSTEM DURING THE AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD: TRANSFORMATION FROM THE GOLD EXCHANGE STANDARD TO THE DOLLAR EXCHANGE STANDARD." International Journal of Asian Studies 7, no. 1 (2010): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591409990428.

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This article describes the transformation of the Philippine currency system from a gold exchange standard to a dollar exchange standard during the first half of the twentieth century. During the American colonial period, Philippine foreign trade was closely bound to the United States. In terms of domestic investment, however, it was domestic Filipino or Spanish entrepreneurs and landowners who dominated primary commodity production in the Philippines, rather than American investors. How were both this US-dependent trade structure and the unique production structure of domestic primary commodit

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6

De Lara, Marlo Jessica. "Reclaiming Filipino America through Performance and Film." JOMEC Journal, no. 11 (July 6, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18573/10.18573/j.2017.10142.

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Filipino Americans are the fourth largest migrant group in America and the second largest Asian population in the United States. Migration from the Philippines is constant and has increased dramatically in the last sixty years. Filipino Americans participate as the ‘Asian American’ identity/race but the specificity of Philippine-U.S. relations and migration pathways make this inclusion a misfit. As a former territory and with complex shifting migration policies, Filipinos have been considered by the U.S. government an ambiguous population, falling just out of reach of national visibility. As t

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7

Tyrrell, Ian. "The Regulation of Alcohol and other Drugs in a Colonial Context: United States Policy towards the Philippines, C. 1898–1910." Contemporary Drug Problems 35, no. 4 (2008): 539–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090803500405.

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The article compares attitudes towards and laws regulating the use of alcohol and opium in the United States (US) colonial possession of the Philippines. Forces within the United States and missionary groups in the field in the Philippines fought to have the supply of alcohol to American troops restricted by abolition of the military canteen system, and to eliminate use of alcohol among the indigenous population. To achieve these aims, they developed highly skilled networks of political lobbying led by Wilbur Craft's International Reform Bureau. Temperance, church and missionary groups differe

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8

Shaffer, Robert. "“Partly Disguised Imperialism”: American Critical Internationalists and Philippine Independence." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 19, no. 3-4 (2012): 235–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765610-01904008.

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Recent historians have concluded that Philippine formal independence in 1946 was incomplete and unequal. Legislation gave privileges to U.S. businesses which inhibited autonomous economic development, and the new Philippine political leadership did not represent important sections of its people. Such judgments were also voiced at the time by many American “critical internationalists” who believed that the global colonial system must end and feared that the Truman administration was betraying that goal in the Philippines. American veterans who served in the Philippines, journalists with long ex

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Baldoz, Rick. "THE RACIAL VECTORS OF EMPIRE." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 5, no. 1 (2008): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x08080089.

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AbstractThis paper examines the role of racial ideology in shaping U.S. colonial policy in the Philippines during the early years of American rule in the islands c. 1898–1905. The first section of the essay focuses on congressional debates between pro- and anti-imperialist lawmakers regarding the annexation and governance of the Philippines. The imperialist lobby advocated a paternalistic racial ideology to advance their case for American annexation, citing “the White man's burden” to civilize Filipinos as their rationale for colonizing the islands. The anti-imperialists, on the other hand, em

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10

Ventura, Theresa. "“I Am Already Annexed”: Ramon Reyes Lala and the Crafting of “Philippine” Advocacy for American Empire." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 19, no. 3 (2020): 426–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781420000092.

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AbstractThis article reconstructs the American career of the Manila-born author Ramon Reyes Lala. Lala became a naturalized United States citizen shortly before the War of 1898 garnered public interest in the history and geography of the Philippines. He capitalized on this interest by fashioning himself into an Oxford-educated nationalist exiled in the United States for his anti-Spanish activism, all the while hiding a South Asian background. Lala's spirited defense of American annexation and war earned him the political patronage of the Republican Party. Yet though Lala offered himself as a ‘

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Paulet, Anne. "To Change the World: The use of American Indian Education in the Philippines." History of Education Quarterly 47, no. 2 (2007): 173–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2007.00088.x.

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In a Brule Sioux legend, Iktome, the trickster, warns the various Plains tribes of the coming of the white man: “You are the Ikche-Wichasha—the plain, wild, untamed people,” he tells the Lakota, “but this man will misname you and call you by all kinds of false names. He will try to tame you, try to remake you after himself.” Iktome, in essence, describes the conflict that occurred when American Indians encountered Euro-Americans, who judged the Indians in relation to themselves and found the Indians lacking. Having already misnamed the people “Indians,” Euro-Americans proceeded to label them,

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12

Gardner, Robert W. "Asian Immigration: The View from the United States." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 1, no. 1 (1992): 64–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689200100104.

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Between the 1965 immigration law and 1990, Asian immigration to the United States increased tenfold to a quarter of a million annually. As sender of the most immigrants, Japan has yielded to the Philippines, South Korea, Vietnam, India, and China. From 1974–1989, over 900,000 Southeast Asian refugees entered the United States. Most Asians today are admitted in the family preference category. On average, the sex ratio is balanced, but over 55% of immigrants from South Korea, the Philippines, and Taiwan are female. Asians are occupationally diverse, with a greater number of professionals/executi

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Gealogo, Francis A. "Bilibid and beyond: Race, body size, and the native in early American colonial Philippines." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 49, no. 3 (2018): 372–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463418000310.

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The United States’ occupation of the Philippines began with proclamations of a new era of development and the prospect of local political representation. In coming to grips with what they saw as America's civilising mission, colonial scholars and officials sought information about the peoples of the Philippines by conducting a census and various population studies, using an array of methodologies drawn from criminology and physical anthropology. This article traces and critiques representations of the Philippine population in the 1903 Philippine Census as well as in several related studies pub

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Goh, Daniel P. S. "States of Ethnography: Colonialism, Resistance, and Cultural Transcription in Malaya and the Philippines, 1890s–1930s." Comparative Studies in Society and History 49, no. 1 (2006): 109–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417507000424.

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The metaphoric reading of native life as an unopened book by two ranking colonial administrators and authoritative ethnographers in Malaya and the Philippines cannot be a simple coincidence. Clifford and Barrows represent two empires, one conservative and peaking, the other liberal and ascendant, meeting in “the Malay Archipelago.” Clifford was a product of the rugged and cultured education demanded of British aristocratic scions, while Barrows exemplified the rising American professional classes, holding graduate degrees in education and anthropology. Both men served well the metropolitan ide

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15

Pepinsky, Thomas B. "Trade Competition and American Decolonization." World Politics 67, no. 3 (2015): 387–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004388711500012x.

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This article proposes a political economy approach to decolonization. Focusing on the industrial organization of agriculture, it argues that competition between colonial and metropolitan producers creates demands for decolonization from within the metropole when colonies have broad export profiles and when export industries are controlled by colonial, as opposed to metropolitan, interests. The author applies this framework to the United States in the early 1900s, showing that different structures of the colonial sugar industries in the Philippines, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico–diverse exports with

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Dheyaa Shkara, Prof Nadia. "The Political and Economic Dimensions of China’s Relations with Latin America ( الابعاد السياسية والاقتصادية لعلاقات الصين مع امريكا اللاتينية )". International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review 11, № 02 (2020): 20224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijcrr.v11i02.790.

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This research uses scientific analysis to look at China's relations with Latin American countries, especially its investment in those countries. There are two objectives behind Chinese investments in South America. The first is to solidify its position as the second largest economic power in the world after the United States of America. China's position is further ensured by its huge store of raw materials and energy sources that support its accelerating economic needs of energy to keep pace with the steady growth of its economy. The second objective is to prevent and deter t

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PANGALANGAN, Raphael Lorenzo Aguiling. "Relative Impermeability of the Wall of Separation: Marriage Equality in the Philippines." Asian Journal of Comparative Law 13, no. 2 (2018): 415–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asjcl.2018.17.

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AbstractThe Philippine doctrine on the separation of church and state, while rooted in American constitutional tradition, continues to show vestiges of Spanish colonial rule. The Philippines adopted the union of church and state for three and a half centuries as a Spanish colony, but became a secular state after it was ceded to the United States of America in 1898. The wall of separation has since been maintained in all subsequent Philippine constitutions, only to be compromised in statutes and daily life. That conflict is most evident in marriage, a legal institution openly shaped by canon la

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18

Hawkins, Michael. "Imperial historicism and American military rule in the Philippines' Muslim south." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 39, no. 3 (2008): 411–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463408000325.

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AbstractWhen American imperialists seized the Philippines at the dawning of the twentieth century, their guiding philosophy was predicated upon broadly conceived notions of cultural and political historicism. The unwavering self-assurance required to rule over millions of unfamiliar imperial subjects derived its potency from an unquestioned panoptic view of history. This epistemological tool of imperialism found an especially unique and fascinating expression in the United States' politico-military rule over Filipino Muslims. This article explores the creation and processes of imperial taxonom

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Castro, Renato Cruz De. "Congressional Intervention in Philippine Post-Cold War Defense Policy, 1991-2003." Philippine Political Science Journal 25, no. 1 (2004): 79–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2165025x-02501004.

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This essay analyzes the Armed forces of the Philippines' (AFP) modernization program as a case study of how the legislature was able to influence a state's strategic doctrine and posture. The withdrawal of American forces in 1992, and the challenge poised by China in the mid-90s created the expectation that the Philippines was to embark on an arms modernization program that would develop the armed forces' autonomous and external defense capability. However, almost a decade after the program was annovnced and almost seven years after an AFP modernization /ow was passed, the Philippine military

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20

Lewicki, Zbigniew. "USTANAWIANIE AMERYKAŃSKIEJ WŁADZY KOLONIALNEJ NA FILIPINACH." Zeszyty Prawnicze 15, no. 3 (2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2015.15.3.03.

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Establishing American Colonial Government in thePhilippinesSummaryThe Philippines was the only American colony and its establishmentcaused a fierce debate in the United States on whether this complied withthe principles of American civil society. It was decided that returning thearchipelago to Spain or simply abandoning it was out of the question,and that the USA would retain its sovereignty over the islands whilepreparing the country for independence.This is in fact what happened. After the period of military strugglewith the forces of Emilio Aguinaldo, Americans began what would todaybe desc

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21

Prieto, Laura R. "A Delicate Subject: Clemencia López, Civilized Womanhood, and the Politics of Anti-Imperialism." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 12, no. 2 (2013): 199–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781413000066.

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In 1902, Clemencia López journeyed to the United States to work for the liberation of her imprisoned brothers and for Filipino independence. She granted interviews, circulated her photograph, and spoke in public under the sponsorship of American anti-imperialists and suffragists. López argued that Filipinos like herself were already a civilized people and thus did not need Americans' “benevolent assimilation.” Her gender and her elite family background helped her make this case. Instead of presenting her as racially inferior, published accounts expressed appreciation of her feminine refinement

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Tolentino, Elaine, and Myungsik Ham. "The entrapment of asymmetry: the Philippines between the US and China." Bandung: Journal of the Global South 2, no. 1 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40728-015-0016-8.

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This paper aims to analyze the asymmetric dilemma facing the Philippines and China in the South China Sea tensions. Among American East Asian allies, the Philippines seems to stand on the frontline between two rival powers, the United States and China. Since the US declared its Pivot to Asia policy, the Philippines’ foreign policy towards China has become assertive and sometimes appears reckless with some military adventures against Chinese maritime patrols and naval ships, which also further forced China to take a tougher foreign policy against the Philippines. Considering the distinctive asy

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Iovlev, G. A., V. V. Pobedinsky, V. S. Zorkov, T. B. Popova, and I. I. Goldina. "Opportunities for agricultural industry in Russia." E3S Web of Conferences 282 (2021): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128207004.

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The principal global manufacturers of agricultural products are: on the American continent: the USA, Canada, Brazil, Mexico; on the European continent: France, Germany, Italy, Belgium; in Asia and Australia: China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Japan, and Australia. Due to its large areas of farmland and arable land, Russia also occupies a leading position in the manufacture of the main types of agricultural products, both in crop and in animal husbandry. Russia is second only to China, India and the United States in terms of wheat performance. It makes 3.8% of the world's milk production, an

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De Castro, Renato Cruz. "The Duterte Administration's Foreign Policy: Unravelling the Aquino Administration's Balancing Agenda on an Emergent China." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 35, no. 3 (2016): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341603500307.

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From 2010 to 2016, then-President Benigno Aquino balanced China's expansive maritime claim in the South China Sea. President Aquino challenged China by shifting the AFP's focus from domestic security to territorial defence, bolstering closer Philippine–US security relations, acquiring American military equipment, seeking from Washington an explicit security guarantee under the 1951 Mutual Defence Treaty (MDT), and promoting a strategic partnership with Japan. However, the Duterte administration is unravelling its predecessor's balancing agenda by distancing itself from the United States and gr

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Hutchcroft, Paul D. "Colonial Masters, National Politicos, and Provincial Lords: Central Authority and Local Autonomy in the American Philippines, 1900–1913." Journal of Asian Studies 59, no. 2 (2000): 277–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2658657.

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When the united states embarked on a campaign of overseas colonial conquest a century ago, it was for some Americans an unquestionably righteous venture in political tutelage. “[God] has made [the English-speaking and Teutonic peoples] adept in government that we may administer government among savage and senile peoples,” proclaimed Indiana Senator Albert J. Beveridge. “And of all our race He has marked the American people as His chosen nation to finally lead in the regeneration of the world” (Snyder 1962). The largest and most important U.S. colony was of course the Philippines, where a campa

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Liu, John M. "The Contours of Asian Professional, Technical and Kindred Work Immigration, 1965–1988." Sociological Perspectives 35, no. 4 (1992): 673–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389304.

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This paper examines the nature of Asian professional, technical, and kindred (PTK) immigration to the United States since 1965. While many recent studies have noted the significant increase of Asian PTK immigration since 1965, analyses of who these PTKs are have been lacking. To address this omission, this paper focuses on three aspects of Asian PTK immigration: (1) the conditions underlying emigration from Asia; (2) the occupational composition of Asian PTKs; and (3) the impact of this immigration on understanding Asian American communities. The paper examines the patterns of PTK immigration

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Durbrow, Eric H., Liane F. Pen, Ann Masten, Art Sesma, and Ian Williamson. "Mothers’ conceptions of child competence in contexts of poverty: The Philippines, St Vincent, and the United States." International Journal of Behavioral Development 25, no. 5 (2001): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502501316934860.

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To explore mothers’ conceptions of child competence in three contexts of poverty, 58 mothers in a Filipino village, a Caribbean village, and an inner-city American homeless shelter described competent children in their communities. Interview responses addressed several questions. First, do mothers in these diverse settings share similar criteria in evaluating children? As expected, all three groups of mothers described competent children as well-behaved and obedient, satisfactory students, helpful in the family, and friendly with peers. Second, are adolescents less likely than younger children

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Ma, L. Eve Armentrout. "Treaty or Travesty?: Legal Issues Surrounding the U.S.- Philippines Military Base Agreement of 1947–1992." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 10, no. 1-2 (2001): 93–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187656101793645560.

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AbstractSince the end of World War II, the United States has been foremost in negotiating military bases on foreign soil, and it can be anticipated that it will do so again in the future. In general, these base agreements have had many common elements. Most have allowed the stationing of American troops on foreign soil for a very long period of time, and have involved a certain measure of extraterritoriality. Most have been concluded under conditions of stress for the host country. Often, for example, the host nation has been one that was devastated by war, and was either the recently defeated

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Gage, Sue-Je. "Ashwiwo Hada-Feeling the Want of Something More." Practicing Anthropology 34, no. 2 (2012): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.34.2.h227q83011888641.

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As a fledgling anthropologist, I went into the "field" in 2002 with guidebooks, hopes, and memories of coursework that I hoped would help me along my path to doing fieldwork with Amerasians in South Korea. The conception of "Amerasian" as a politically termed and charged identity was coined by Pearl S. Buck, the famous novelist who won both a Pulitzer Prize and a Nobel Prize in Literature. In the 1980s it became a legal definition with the passage of Public Law 97-359,1 also known as the Amerasian Act of 1982, which gave certain mixed Asians born in Asia of "American" paternal descent the abil

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Rouleau, Brian. "Childhood's Imperial Imagination: Edward Stratemeyer's Fiction Factory and the Valorization of American Empire." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 7, no. 4 (2008): 479–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400000876.

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Numerous studies have appeared in recent years that deal with the reasons and rationalizations that accompanied America's overseas acquisitions in 1898. This article uses juvenile series fiction to examine how the nation's youth—boys in particular—became targets of imperial boosterism. In the pages of adventure novels set against the backdrop of American interventions in the Caribbean and the Philippines, Edward Stratemeyer, the most successful author and publisher of youth series fiction, and other less well-known juvenile fiction producers offered sensationalistic dramas that advocated a rac

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Heinrich, Sarah, Adam Toomes, and Jordi Janssen. "Legal or unenforceable? Violations of trade regulations and the case of the Philippine Sailfin Lizard Hydrosaurus pustulatus (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae)." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 6 (2021): 18532–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7269.13.6.18532-18543.

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The Philippine Sailfin Lizard (Agamidae: Hydrosaurus pustulatus) is a nationally protected Philippine endemic species. It is threatened by habitat destruction, pollution and overexploitation for the domestic pet trade, yet less is known about the international component of the trade. Here we investigate the international trade in Hydrosaurus spp. (H. weberi, H. amboinensis, and H. pustulatus) with an emphasis on H. pustulatus. We analysed international seizures combined with international online sales and trade data for the United States of America (USA). The export of H. pustulatus from the P

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Mortel, Darlene Marie “Daya” E. "Zines at Work." Asian Diasporic Visual Cultures and the Americas 1, no. 3 (2015): 265–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23523085-00103003.

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As an alternative media form, zines give voice to marginalized communities where the creators articulate ideologies and experiences often overlooked in mainstream society. This article examines Filipina/o diasporic identity construction through a visual and textual analysis of .45 Kaliber Proof, a zine created in the early 2000s by Anakbayan Seattle, a progressive Filipina/o American youth organization. Zines have become a counter-hegemonic space where politically-based Filipina/o diasporic identities are made visible. In analyzing the layouts, texts, and images of various issues, two overarch

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Pertierra, Anna Cristina. "The television families of Mexico and the Philippines: dynasties and caciques in transpacific media cultures." Media, Culture & Society 42, no. 1 (2019): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443719884061.

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Metaphors of family play a particular part in representing and justifying the public role of elite families and media empires in Mexico and the Philippines, two countries on opposite sides of the Pacific that feature linked histories of Spanish colonial heritage and intimate connections to the cultural and economic history of the modern United States. The media industries of Mexico and the Philippines share some important characteristics: powerful commercial television networks are operated by prominent elite family companies, whose multimedia empires wield political and economic influence nat

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Gorodnia, Nataliya. "US-Philippines Security Relations (1991–2016)." American History & Politics Scientific edition, no. 9 (2020): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2020.09.5.

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This paper describes and discusses the major developments in the U.S.-Philippines security relations in 1991-2016, between signing an agreement to extend a rent of Subic Bay Naval base by the U.S. and inauguration of R. Duterte administration. The research has revealed three periods in the U.S.-Philippines security relations in 1991-2016. The first period started when the Philippines senate rejected to ratify the Subic Bay Agreement in September 1991, and the United States had to evacuate the naval base on November 1992. It lasted until the U.S. and the Philippines signed a Visiting Forces Agr

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Teehankee, Julio C. "Duterte's Resurgent Nationalism in the Philippines: A Discursive Institutionalist Analysis." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 35, no. 3 (2016): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810341603500304.

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Early in his administration, Rodrigo Duterte, the controversial sixteenth president of the Philippines, did what no other Filipino president has done before – announce a separation from the geopolitical interests of its former colonial master, the United States of America. Beyond the personal slights caused by the US criticism of his anti-drug campaign lies a deeper sense of historical grievance that has been ingrained in Duterte's generation and his identity as a Mindanaoan. Not only does he represent Mindanao's resentment towards “imperial Manila,” but also a historical blowback against “US

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Charbonneau, Oliver. "“A New West in Mindanao”: Settler Fantasies on the U.S. Imperial Fringe." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 18, no. 03 (2019): 304–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781418000634.

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AbstractThis essay analyzes white settler formations in the Southern Philippines during the early decades of the twentieth century. Occupied by the United States in the wake of the Spanish-American War, the Muslim-majority regions of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago became sites of colonial experimentation and reconfiguration. This led to a brief-but-concerted push by Euro-American fortune seekers to settle the “Muslim South.” Supported by U.S. policy makers and colonial officials, white colonists were drawn to Mindanao-Sulu by visions of permanent settlement and limitless economic opportunit

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Boggs, Carl. "From Pearl Harbor to the “Asian Pivot”: Contours of us Imperialism in the Pacific." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 16, no. 1-3 (2017): 217–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341431.

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This article explores the long trajectory of United States imperial strategy in the Pacific, spanning the first conquest of Hawaii in the 1890s through the naval buildup, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the protracted war of annihilation against Japan that followed, American establishment of its postwar hegemony over Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, and other parts of Asia, to the present-day “Asian Pivot” (including the Trans-Pacific Partnership) linking 12 nations in trade relations with efforts to contain the Chinese economic juggernaut. I argue that this will become a centerpiece

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Dingman, Roger. "The Diplomacy of Dependency: The Philippines and Peacemaking with Japan, 1945–52." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 17, no. 2 (1986): 307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400001077.

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Historians have examined the Japanese peace settlement of 1951 in a variety of ways. A few have treated it as an episode in the ongoing evolution of the structure of international relations in the Pacific and East Asia. Most have focused on the interaction between the principal victor, the United States, and vanquished Japan, weighing the negotiating successes and failures of each and assessing the impact of the settlement on subsequent Japanese-American relations. Recently still other historians have exploited newly available archival materials to analyze the role middle-range powers such as

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Stallsmith, Glenn. "Protestant Congregational Song in the Philippines: Localization through Translation and Hybridization." Religions 12, no. 9 (2021): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12090708.

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Historically, the language of Protestant congregational song in the Philippines was English, which was tied to that nation’s twentieth-century colonial history with the United States. The development of Filipino songs since the 1970s is linked to this legacy, but church musicians have found ways to localize their congregational singing through processes of translation and hybridization. Because translation of hymn texts from English has proven difficult for linguistic reasons, Papuri, a music group that produces original Tagalog-language worship music, bypasses these difficulties while relying

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Chalid, Abdul Musyawardi, Dudy Heryadi, Nuraeni Suparman, and Arfin Sudirman. "ASEAN's Role in Reponding the United States and the Philippines Military Cooperation on the South China Sea Conflict." Intermestic: Journal of International Studies 1, no. 1 (2016): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v1n1.2.

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De Mesa, José M. "Tasks in the Inculturation of Theology: The Filipino Catholic Situation." Missiology: An International Review 26, no. 2 (1998): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969802600208.

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Inculturation in the Philippines, where a Western expression of the Christian faith predominates, is the conscious appropriation and articulation of the Christian faith by using indigenous cultural resources. This concern and process implies undertaking three tasks. First, there is the necessity of relativizing the Euro-American (Graeco-Roman) embodiment of the Christian faith by seeing how it is related to and limited by that Western culture. Second, the critical significance of de-stigmatizing and re-valuing the indigenous culture that had been demeaned by colonial experiences under Spain an

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Thompson, Lanny. "The Imperial Republic: A Comparison of the Insular Territories under U.S. Dominion after 1898." Pacific Historical Review 71, no. 4 (2002): 535–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2002.71.4.535.

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The doctrine of incorporation, as elaborated in legal debates and legitimated by the U.S. Supreme Court, excluded the inhabitants of Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam from the body politic of the United States on the basis of their cultural differences from dominant European American culture. However, in spite of their shared legal status as unincorporated territories, the U.S. Congress established different governments that, although adaptations of continental territorial governments, were staffed largely with appointed imperial administrators. In contrast, Hawai'i, which had experienced

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Moran, Katherine D. "Catholicism and the Making of the U.S. Pacific." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 12, no. 4 (2013): 434–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781413000327.

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In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, in the context of the development of U.S. power in the Pacific, some American Protestants began to articulate a new approach to Catholicism and American national identity. In Southern California, Anglo-American boosters began to celebrate the region's history of Spanish Franciscan missions, preserving and restoring existing mission buildings while selling a romantic mission story to tourists and settlers. In the Philippines, U.S. imperial officials, journalists, and popular writers tempered widespread critiques of contemporary Spanish friar

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Schumann, Natalie A. "Nationalism in National Geographic Magazine, 1888-1923." IU Journal of Undergraduate Research 1, no. 1 (2015): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/iujur.v1i1.13740.

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The National Geographic Magazine was first published in October 1888. Its mission statements both at the time of inception and in present day reflect an effort to bring the world to American readers, as well as its aim to educate and inform readers about other countries, species, and cultures. However, during the magazine’s first three decades in print, the United States underwent major changes and was rapidly developing into one of the world’s most powerful nations. National Geographic heavily covered three specific events during this time period: the Spanish-American War, the colonization of

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Adas, Michael. "Improving on the Civilising Mission? Assumptions of United States Exceptionalism in the Colonisation of the Philippines." Itinerario 22, no. 4 (1998): 44–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300023500.

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Just days after William Howard Taft arrived in the Philippine Islands in early June 1900 to take up his position as the chairman of the five member commission charged with the task of establishing a civilian government for the newly annexed colony, he wrote to J.G. Schmidlapp, an old friend in Ohio, to assure him that he was settling quite comfortably into his exotic surroundings. Taft found the climate in Manila much more agreeable than he had been led to expect was possible in the tropics. The heat, he estimated, was comparable to Cincinnati during the summer months. He was also heartened by

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Alexander, Nathan G. "UNCLASPING THE EAGLE'S TALONS: MARK TWAIN, AMERICAN FREETHOUGHT, AND THE RESPONSES TO IMPERIALISM." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 17, no. 3 (2018): 524–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781418000099.

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This article situates Mark Twain's anti-imperialism within the wider atheist and freethought response to debates about the American turn to empire in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While historians have been alert to the ways in which religion influenced debates around empire at this time, there have yet to be any studies of the views of American atheists and freethinkers on this question. I examine Twain and Robert Ingersoll, the leading American freethinker of the era, as well as some of the major freethought periodicals in the United States, the Truth Seeker, the Blue-Gr

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Locke, Kenneth D., Daniela Barni, Hiroaki Morio, et al. "Culture Moderates the Normative and Distinctive Impact of Parents and Similarity on Young Adults’ Partner Preferences." Cross-Cultural Research 54, no. 5 (2020): 435–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069397120909380.

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To examine cultural, parental, and personal sources of young adults’ long-term romantic partner preferences, we had undergraduates ( n = 2,071) and their parents ( n = 1,851) in eight countries (Canada, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Malaysia, Philippines, the United States) rate or rank qualities they would want in the student’s partner. We introduce and use a method for separating preference patterns into normative patterns (shared across families and generations) and distinctive patterns (that characterized particular families or individuals). We found that youth everywhere wanted partners wh

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McCoy, Alfred W. "A Tale of Two Families: Generational Succession in Filipino and American Family Firms." TRaNS: Trans -Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 3, no. 2 (2015): 159–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/trn.2014.24.

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AbstractThrough comparison of two families, Filipino and American, this essay finds that the axiomatic three-generational cycle of rise and decline, articulated famously by Andrew Carnegie, proved predictive for an American family firm but not for its Filipino counterpart. Over the span of a century, both families followed a surprisingly similar move from agriculture to food processing and then publishing. Thereafter, however, divergent state policies shaped different destinies for these two families. In the United States, impersonal enforcement of state security and economic regulation allowe

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Schachter, Ariela, Rachel T. Kimbro, and Bridget K. Gorman. "Language Proficiency and Health Status." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 53, no. 1 (2012): 124–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146511420570.

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Bilingual immigrants appear to have a health advantage, and identifying the mechanisms responsible for this is of increasing interest to scholars and policy makers in the United States. Utilizing the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS; n = 3,264), we investigate the associations between English and native-language proficiency and usage and self-rated health for Asian and Latino U.S. immigrants from China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Mexico, Cuba, and Puerto Rico. The findings demonstrate that across immigrant ethnic groups, being bilingual is associated with better self-rated physic

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Valles, Kenneth A., and Lewis R. Roberts. "1068. Large-Scale Migration and the Changing Viral Hepatitis Prevalences in North America: A modeling approach." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (2020): S563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1254.

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Abstract Background Infection by hepatitis B and C viruses causes inflammation of the liver and can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The WHO’s ambition to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030 requires strategies specific to the dynamic disease profiles each nation faces. Large-scale human movement from high-prevalence nations to the United States and Canada have altered the disease landscape, likely warranting adjustments to present elimination approaches. However, the nature and magnitude of the new disease burden remains unknown. This study aims to generate a mode

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