Academic literature on the topic 'Amination reaction'
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Journal articles on the topic "Amination reaction"
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Tang, Jo Sing Julia, Kristin Schade, Lucas Tepper, Sany Chea, Gregor Ziegler, and Ruben R. Rosencrantz. "Optimization of the Microwave Assisted Glycosylamines Synthesis Based on a Statistical Design of Experiments Approach." Molecules 25, no. 21 (November 4, 2020): 5121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25215121.
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Glycans carry a vast range of functions in nature. Utilizing their properties and functions in form of polymers, coatings or glycan derivatives for various applications makes the synthesis of modified glycans crucial. Since amines are easy to modify for subsequent reactions, we investigated regioselective amination conditions of different saccharides. Amination reactions were performed according to Kochetkov and Likhoshertov and accelerated by microwave irradiation. We optimized the synthesis of glycosylamines for N-acetyl-d-galactosamine, d-lactose, d-glucuronic acid and l-(−)-fucose using the design of experiments (DoE) approach. DoE enables efficient optimization with limited number of experimental data. A DoE software generated a set of experiments where reaction temperature, concentration of carbohydrate, nature of aminating agent and solvent were investigated. We found that the synthesis of glycosylamines significantly depends on the nature of the carbohydrate and on the reaction temperature. There is strong indication that high temperatures are favored for the amination reaction.
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Suginome, Michinori. "Aminoboranes as new iminium ion generators in amination reactions." Pure and Applied Chemistry 78, no. 7 (January 1, 2006): 1377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200678071377.
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The utilization of aminoborane derivatives in amination reactions such as Strecker-type aminative cyanation, Mannich-type reaction, and reductive amination is described. Bis(dialkylamino)cyanoboranes and bis(dialkylamino)boron enolates underwent the concurrent transfer of the amino group and either the cyano or the enoxy group from the boron to carbonyl carbon atom in their reaction with aldehydes, leading to the formation of α-amino nitriles and β-amino ketones, respectively. Bis(dialkylamino)borane derivatives that lack the additional nucleophilic groups on the boron atoms were found to serve as effective generators of iminium ions from aldehydes. In the presence of these aminoboranes, reactions of aldehydes with ketene silyl acetals or silyl enol ethers take place, giving Mannich-type products, i.e., β-amino esters and ketones, selectively. Using diisopropylamino-substituted boron compounds, which are designed as "universal" iminium ion generators, reactions of free sec-amines, aldehydes, and ketene silyl acetals proceed efficiently, giving β-amino esters in which the amino groups are derived exclusively from the free amines. The use of the universal iminium ion generator is also effective for reductive amination of aldehydes, in which NaBH4 is used as a hydride donor.
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Beverina, Luca, Luca Vaghi, Alessandro Sanzone, Mauro Sassi, Simone Pagani, and Antonio Papagni. "Synthesis of Fluorinated Acridines via Sequential Micellar Buchwald–Hartwig Amination/Cyclization of Aryl Bromides." Synthesis 50, no. 08 (February 26, 2018): 1621–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1591937.
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Fluorinated unsymmetrical acridines are efficiently prepared by means of a tandem micellar Buchwald–Hartwig amination followed by an acid-promoted cyclization. The overall process is advantageous with respect to previously described protocols both in terms of efficiency and sustainability. The role of the cosolvent in the amination step is highlighted, demonstrating that rather than resorting to highly expensive catalysts, Buchwald–Hartwig aminations can be straightforwardly carried out by tuning the reaction site polarity.
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Radhika, Sankaran, Mohan Neetha, Thaipparambil Aneeja, and Gopinathan Anilkumar. "Microwave-assisted Amination Reactions: An Overview." Current Organic Chemistry 24, no. 19 (December 1, 2020): 2235–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272824999200914111246.
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C-N coupling reactions were found to be attractive among researchers owing to the importance of C-N bond formation in heterocyclic synthesis. Hence C-N bond formation via amination reaction with the assistance of microwave radiations gained significant attraction recently. Microwave-assisted reactions are greener, faster and generally efficient compared to the conventional thermal reactions offering better purity of the product with enhancement in the yield. It was surprisingly revealed that several new advancements in amination reactions were highly influenced by this greener technology. This first review on microwave-assisted amination reaction focuses on the novel amination strategies that emerged with the help of microwave methodology, and covers literature up to 2019.
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Wang, Zhipeng A., Yan-Yu Liang, and Ji-Shen Zheng. "Reductive Amination/Alkylation Reactions: The Recent Developments, Progresses, and Applications in Protein Chemical Biology Studies." Current Organic Synthesis 15, no. 6 (August 29, 2018): 755–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179415666180522093905.
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The chemical modifications of proteins or protein complexes have been a challenging but fruitful task in the post-genomic era. Bioorthogonal reactions play an important role for the purpose of selective functionalization, localization, and labeling of proteins with natural or non-natural structures. Among these reactions, reductive amination stands out as one of the typical bioorthogonal reactions with high efficiency, good biocompatibility, and versatile applications. However, not many specific reviews exist to discuss the mechanism, kinetics, and their applications in a detailed manner. In this manuscript, we aim to summarize some current developments and mechanistic studies of reductive amination reaction and its applications. We hope reductive amination reaction can contribute to a wider scope of protein chemistry research en route in the chemical biology frontier as one of the well-known bioorthogonal reactions.
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Li, Zhen, Yan Ding, and Jin Liu. "Study on Primary Reaction Kinetics of Melamine Aminated Monomethoxylpoly (ethylene Glycol)." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.374.
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The reaction kinetics of amination of monomethoxylpoly (ethylene glycol) (mPEG) with melamine (MA) at the molar ratio of 1:1 was studied by FTIR. This amination reaction was carried out with potassium hydroxide as reaction catalyst under high-pressure conditions at different temperature (160 °C, 170 °C, 180 °C, and 190°C) for different time (2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h and 6 h). A series of melamine aminated monomethoxylpoly (ethylene glycol) (MA-mPEG) were synthesized, and the long chain of polyethylene glycol ether was grafted on the amino groups of melamine by amination. The amination kinetics parameter of reaction order and the activation energy are about 1.5 and 45 KJ/mol, respectively. In addition, the grafting amination yield increased with the number average molecular weight of mPEG at the same reaction condition.
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Maklad, Noha S. "ChemInform Abstract: Chichibabin Amination Reaction." ChemInform 43, no. 19 (April 12, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201219257.
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Ojo, Olatunji S., Octavio Miranda, Kyle C. Baumgardner, and Alejandro Bugarin. "Practical regio- and stereoselective azidation and amination of terminal alkenes." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 48 (2018): 9354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob02734j.
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Averin, Alexei D., Alexei N. Uglov, Georgii A. Zubrienko, Elena A. Tarasenko, Alexei K. Buryak, and Irina P. Beletskaya. "Synthesis of N- and O-Containing Macrobicycles with Central Biphenyl Moiety via Pd(0)-Catalyzed Amination Reactions." Current Organic Synthesis 14, no. 6 (September 28, 2017): 918–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179414666161230122852.
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Background: Simple, efficient and enough versatile approaches to macrobicycles and macrotricycles, which are of great interest for the coordination of metal cations, were proposed in early 1990s using nucleophilic substitution reactions. Our research group was the first to begin a wide-range synthesis of N- and Ocontaining macrocycles using Pd-catalyzed amination reactions. Objective: The goal of the present research is to develop the catalytic synthesis of nitrogen- and oxygen containing macrobicycles organized around the central biphenyl moiety. Method: The method employed is the Pd(0)-catalyzed amination reactions which led to the formation of the first macrocycle comprising 3,3'-disubstituted biphenyl followed by the modification with two bromobenzyl moieties and the second Pd(0)-catalyzed macrocyclization which afforded target macrobicycles. Results: Macrocycles with the endocyclic 3,3'-disubstituted biphenyl moiety and diazadioxa, diazatrioxa, and tetraamine linkers were synthesized in 26-44% yields using Pd(0)-catalyzed amination reactions. They were modified with two 3-bromobenzyl substituents and introduced in the second Pd(0)-catalyzed macrocyclization to give macrobicycles in 8-27% yields. The result was shown to be dependent on the structure of the reacting compounds. The reaction with diazacrown ether provided a macrotricyclic derivative. Conclusion: An approach to a variety of N- and O-containing macrobicyclic compounds comprising a central biphenyl moiety and two oxadiamine (polyamine) chains via two consecutive Pd(0)-catalyzed amination reactions was elaborated.
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Kolmakov, Kirill A. "Reactions of aniline in acetic acid solutions containing cyanuric chloride and hydrogen chloride acceptors." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 85, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 1070–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-129.
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Two reaction pathways in acetic acid solution containing cyanuric chloride, aniline, and some hydrogen chloride acceptors (triethylamine, sodium acetate, pyridine) were studied. Both aryl amination and acylation can be performed with high yields under proper reaction conditions. Contrary to the only known literature report on the reactions between carbonic acids and cyanuric chloride in the presence of a hydrogen chloride acceptor (triethylamine), it was established that acid chlorides are not formed. A scheme involving the replacement of chlorine atoms by acetate ion in the initial stage was proposed for the acylation of aniline promoted by cyanuric chloride.Key words: acetic acid, acylation, aniline, cyanuric chloride, aryl amination.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Amination reaction"
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Msutu, Ath'enkosi. "New methodology for the organocatalysed α-Amination reaction." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16608.
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Includes bibliographical referencesResearch into organocatalyzed asymmetric reactions has been a rapidly growing and competitive field in recent times, wherein amino catalysis is widely used for the asymmetric functionalisation of carbonyl compounds. Since its simultaneous publication by List and Jørgensen, the organocatalysed α-amination reaction has become a key method for asymmetric heteroatom functionalisation of carbonyl compounds. Herein we report the first application of this methodology to acetals, with the ultimate goal of applying the methodology to the asymmetric desymmetrisation of bis-acetals as a novel contribution to this growing field. Following extensive optimisation, acidic reaction conditions for the reaction were established in which dibenzyl azodicarboxylate (DBAD) was used as the aminating agent and (S)-(-)-5-(2-pyrrolidinyl)-1H-tetrazole as the preferred organocatalyst. The desired aminated products were obtained in high yields and enantioselectivities. The reaction showed broad substrates cope in its application to ketals, dioxolanes and lactols. A hydrazide N-N bond cleavage methodology was also developed for the aminated products in oxazolidinone form. This methodology is based on Magnus' alkylation / E1CB strategy. The novel contribution here is using ditheyl bromoacetate as an alkylating agent and as a better elimination partner. A range of bis-acetals were synthesised via three synthetic routes using malonate-, sulfone and cyclopentene-based synthesis strategies. The acetal reaction was used for the desymmetrisation of two of these bisacetals as a proof of concept. This is a feat not achieved with the more reactive dicarbonyl analogue.
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Atkinson, Duncan. "Novel methods for allylic amination by an intramolecular nitroso ene reaction." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14069.
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C-H functionalisation reactions aim for the selective cleavage of C-H bonds, and formation of a new carbon or heteroatom bond, often with the use of a transition metal catalyst. These reactions offer potential for functionalisation of hydrocarbons in fewer steps than conventional methods, and with high atom efficiency. They are therefore a subject of intense research in organic synthesis. Carbon-heteroatom bond forming reactions are particularly sought after, and useful in the efficient synthesis of many biologically significant groups such as oxazolidinone rings, 1,2 or 1,3 amino alcohols and amino acid analogues. An efficient, cheap and robust method for C-H amination would also be adaptable to varied syntheses of important large molecules. The necessity for complex and efficient transformations with a minimal number of steps means that heteroatom ring closures are also attractive and widely used reactions in such large molecule syntheses. The nitroso group is a highly reactive species which is normally generated in situ by oxidation of a hydroxylamine, for carbon-nitrogen bond forming reactions including the nitroso Heteroatomic Diels Alder reaction, nitroso ene reaction, and nitroso aldol reaction. Nitroso group reactions often show high stereo- and regioselectivity, and have formed key components of the syntheses of important biological molecules. Enantioselectivive protocols for the nitroso-ene reaction and, to a lesser extent, the nitroso HDA reaction, are poorly developed, however, and the range of available intramolecular nitroso reactions is limited. We aimed to establish efficient single-step intermolecular C-H amination reactions, to give 1,2 and 1,3 heteroatom functionalised molecules, and to develop the capacity for enantioselective induction in this reaction, if possible. Having synthesised a model set of unsaturated hydroxycarbamates, we identified a suitable system for nitroso generation, using a catalytic metal and stoichiometric oxidant. This resulted in in situ generation of cyclised product, with the olefin functionality intact. This cyclisation was then optimised and used to obtain a range of new heterocycles. The possibility of enantioselective induction via chiral catalysts was explored, as well as catalytic systems to increase the stereoselectivity of the reaction. In summary, a cheap, novel and reliable method was developed for formation of oxazolidinone rings from unsaturated hydroxycarbamates using an original intramolecular nitroso ene reaction, and a range of unsaturated heterocycles were synthesised in fairly good yields. Distereoselectivity of the nitroso ene cyclisations was optimised. However, to-date, we were unable to develop an enantioselective varient of the reaction. Several related aminations, as well as transformations of N-hydroxyoxazolidinone products, were also attempted during the project.
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Payard, Pierre-Adrien. "Mechanistic studies of metal-catalyzed reactions : predicting tools for reaction optimization." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEE009/document.
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Cette thèse est consacrée à l’étude de mécanismes de réactions catalysées par des métaux ainsi qu’au développement de nouveaux outils pour la rationalisation et la prévision du comportement catalytique. L’étape de transmétallation entre le bore et le nickel a été étudiée en détail à l’aide de méthodes expérimentales variées (electrochimie, RMN, cinétiques) et par DFT, permettant d’expliquer certaines limitations rencontrées par les experimentateurs. La seconde partie de cette thèse est dédiée à la rationalisation du comportement d’une famille d’acides de Lewis : les sels de triflate et de triflimidate. Leur comportement a été étudié sur des réactions modèles d’amination et d’oxidation et une nouvelle échelle théorique d’acidité de Lewis basée sur l’estimation du transfert de charge vers l’acide à permis de reproduire et prévoir l’activité catalytiqueIn this thesis mechanistic studies of metal-catalyzed reactions as well as development of new tools to predict and rationalize the catalytic properties are presented. The boron-tonickel transmetalation step was thoroughly studied by experimental technics (electrochemistry, NMR, kinetics) and DFT calculations, allowing us to solve some of the limitation encountered by the synthetic chemists. In the second part of this thesis the behavior of a family of Lewis acids (triflates and triflimides) is rationalize. Two model reactions (SN and redox) were studied and a new theoretical scale of Lewis acidity was developed based on the charge transferred to the acid allowing us to reproduce and predict the catalytic activity of these salts
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Bassili, Victor Antoine. "Catalytic amination of 1-methoxy-2-propanol : reaction pathway and kinetic modelling /." Zürich, 1991. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=9351.
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Zhang, Yin. "Backbone decoration of imidazol-2-ylidene ligands with amino groups and their application in palladium catalyzed arylative amination reaction." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30109/document.
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Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre de la chimie des carbènes N-hétérocycliques (NHC) et s'articule autour de la fonctionnalisation directe de l'hétérocycle des l'imidazol-2-ylidènes par substitution formelle d'un ou deux groupements diméthylamino. Deux nouvelles catégories de NHCs ont d'abord été obtenues par cette stratégie, dénommées 4-(diméthylamino)imidazol-2-ylidène IArNMe2 et 4,5-bis(diméthylamino)imidazol-2-ylidène IAr(NMe2)2. Les sels d'imidazolium précurseurs de ces NHCs, à savoir le triflate de 4-(diméthylamino)imidazolium (IArNMe2)·HOTf et le triflate de 4,5-bis(diméthylamino)imidazolium (IAr(NMe2)2)·HOTf, ont été synthétisés en couplant la formamidine disubstituée correspondante avec le N,N-diméthyl-chloroacétamide et le 1,2-dichloro-1,2-bis(diméthylamino)éthylène généré in situ respectivement. La quantification des propriétés électroniques des deux nouveaux NHCs a été réalisée à l'aide des complexes de type [Rh(IMes(NMe2)xCl(CO)2], montrant que la donation électronique des ligands NHCs augmente séquentiellement par la décoration avec un ou deux groupements diméthylamino, tandis que les propriétés de p-rétrodonation des NHCs ne sont que légèrement influencées. Par la suite, les complexes de palladium Pd-PEPPSI-IPrNMe2 et Pd-PEPPSI-IPr(NMe2)2 (PEPPSI : Pyridine Enhanced Preparation Purification Stabilization and Initiation) ont été préparés par des voies de complexation classiques. Les propriétés stériques des ligands a été évaluée par la mesure du pourcentage de volume occupé (%Vbur), et il est apparu que les propriétés stériques de ces deux nouveaux ligands NHCs sont également accrues. Les activités catalytiques des deux pré-catalyseurs ont été évaluées en amination de type Buchwald-Hartwig et comparées avec celle de la référence Pd-PEPPSI-IPr. Le pré-catalyseur Pd-PEPPSI-IPr(NMe2)2 s'est révélé le plus actif en amination des chlorures d'aryle à température ambiante. Il constitue également le catalyseur Pd-NHC le plus efficace et le plus général connu à ce jour en permettant de réaliser l'amination des chlorures d'aryle avec une charge de catalyseur très faible (jusqu'à 50 ppm), ou à l'aide d'une base faible telle que le carbonate de césium, et même d'activer les tosylates d'aryle, substrats beaucoup plus difficiles que les chlorures d'aryle . Afin de rationaliser au mieux les effets observés en catalyse en termes de propriétés stéréoélectroniques des ligands NHCs, le squelette arrière aminé des imidazol-2-ylidènes a été dérivatisé plus avant, soit en augmentant la contrainte stérique du groupe NMe2 dans IAr(NMe2) en ciblant le ligand IAr(NiPr2), soit en remplaçant formellement un des groupes amino par un groupe éléctro-attracteur tel un halogène dans le ligand IAr(NMe2)2. Alors que le sel d'imidazolium (IArNiPr2)·HOTf a été synthétisé suivant la même méthode que (IArNMe2)·HOTf, l'halogénation oxydante du squelette d'arrière de (IArNMe2)·HOTf par du NCS ou du NBS a donné les sels (IArNMe2, X)·HOTf avec de très bons rendements dans des conditions très douces. Il convient de noter que cette réactivité originale a été également observée sur les complexes de rhodium(I) et le palladium(II) du ligand IAr(NMe2). Les influences électroniques et catalytiques de ces modifications ont été étudiées de la même façonThis work is incorporated within the framework of the chemistry of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs) and aims at functionalizing the skeleton of imidazol-2-ylidenes by attachment of one or two amino groups. Two new NHC classes were first obtained by this strategy, namely the 4-(dimethylamino)imidazol-2-ylidene IArNMe2 and the 4,5-bis(dimethylamino)imidazol-2-ylidene IAr(NMe2)2. The synthesis of the precursors of these NHCs, the 4-(dimethylamino)imidazolium triflates (IArNMe2)·HOTf and the 4,5-bis(dimethylamino)imidazolium triflates (IAr(NMe2)2)·HOTf is based on the coupling between the corresponding disubstituted formamidine and either an a-chloroacetamide for the mono-amino derivative or a reactive dichlorodiaminoethene for the bis-amino analogue. The electronic properties of the resulting new NHCs ligands have been studied by measurement of their Tolman Electronic Parameter (TEP) values obtained from the IR spectra of the complexes [Rh(IMesXY)Cl(CO)2] and by 77Se NMR spectroscopy of their corresponding selenoureas [(IMesXY)=Se]. It was shown that the electronic donation of the carbenic carbon sequentially increases by decoration with one or two amino groups respectively whereas the p-accepting properties of the NHC are only slightly or even not affected by the adjunction of the NMe2 groups on the imidazolyl backbone. Later, the synthesis of the two new PEPPSI-type palladium pre-catalysts PEPPSI-Pd-IPrNMe2 and Pd-PEPPSI-IPr(NMe2)2 were successfully achieved. From the calculated the percent buried volume %Vbur which is related to the steric properties of the two supporting NHC ligands, it appeared that grafting one amino group onto the backbone already leads to significant improvement of steric congestion while the second amino only results in a slight increase of the steric issue. The catalytic efficiencies of both pre-catalysts were evaluated in the benchmark Buchwald-Hartwig amination and compared with this of the reference PEPPSI-Pd-IPr. The bis-aminated pre-catalyst Pd-PEPPSI-IPr(NMe2)2 was shown to be the most active and stable pre-catalyst, and it was shown to be also highly efficient in more challenging amination reaction. It indeed allows to carry out the amination of aryl chlorides at low catalyst loadings or by using a mild base such as cesium carbonate, and even to activate the aryl tosylates, which are more difficult substrates than aryl chlorides. In order to study the critical stereoelectronic properties of the NHC ligands for the efficiency of the corresponding catalysts, further derivatization of the heterocyclic backbone was carried out, either by increasing the bulkiness of the mono-amino group from dimethylamino to diisopropylamino group to generate the carbene IArNiPr2, or by formally replacing one dimethylamino group by an halogen X in the bis-aminoimidazo-2-ylidene to give the carbenes IArNMe2,X. While the imidazolium salts (IArNiPr2)·HOTf was synthesized following the same method as (IArNMe2)·HOTf, the oxidative halogenation of the backbone of (IArNMe2)·HOTf with a N-halosuccinimide afforded (IArNMe2,X)·HOTf in good yields under very mild conditions. Noteworthy, this original reactivity was also observed on the rhodium and palladium complexes of this ligand
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Esposito, Oriana. "Mechanistic and kinetic studies on aryl and alkyl amination reaction catalysed by palladium n-heterocyclic carbene complexes." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487117.
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Several studies have been carried out to establish the sequence of intermediates in the catalytic cycle for amination of aryl halides. I ,2 The mechanism suggested by Cloke and Caddick group for the catalytic amination of aryl chloride employing [Pd(NRC)2l as precatalyst (NRC = ·N-heterocyclic carbene), proposed a neutral, 12-electrons mono-ligated Pd(NHC) species as the active intermediate.3 The isolation of a series of (ItBu)2Pd(R-aryl)chloride complexes (ltBu = 1,3-di-tert-butylimidazol-2-ylidene) allowed for kinetic studies hence leading to a mechanistic understanding of the I oxidative addition step, confirming that it occurs by a dissociative mechanism. The subsequent step in the amination catalytic cycle, namely, the dissociation of a carbene and coordination of an amine was investigated and the results are presented in this thesis, and an array of (ItBu)Pd(amine)(R-aryl)chloride complexes were isolated and fully characterized. Kinetic studies were undertaken in order to identify the rate determinig step of the transamination reaction. Moreover, the electronic properties of the para-substituents (R) on the aryl groups of the (ItBu)2Pd(R-aryl)chloride complexes were found not only to influence the rate of the oxidative addition reaction, but also to affect the carbene displacement by the amines. Parallel research based on the understanding of the mechanism of oxidative addition of alkyl halides to the Pd(NHC)2 species have been undertaken, and the synthesis of (ItBu)Pd(neopentyl)chloride (trans isomer) and (IPr)Pd(neopentyl)chloride (cis isomer) (IPr = 1,3-Bis(2,6-Diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) were. accomplished. Reactivity of these· two complexes was tested toward amines, revealing the significant influence ofN-substituents on the stability of the resulting compounds, and highlighting a possible barrier concerning the achievement of a Pd-catalysed alkyl amination reaction. The oxidative addition of (trimethylsilyl)methyl iodide to Pd(ItBu)z complex was investigated for comparison to the oxidative addition reactions of alkyl halides to the same palladium complex. The unexpected resultant complex, Pd(CHzltBu)zlz, was subjected to DFT study by Dr. Hazari to confirm the zwitterionic nature of the ligand. Kinetic study was conducted on the oxidative addition of TMSI to Pd(ItBu)z to reveal the occurrence of pre-dissociation of one ligand before the addition ofTMSI to yield the [(ItBu)Pd(TMS)(J.t-I)]z.
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Badiei, Yosra Mohammed. "Copper carbenes and nitrenes capture of elusive intermediates and the development of a copper catalyzed C-H amination reaction /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/458487923/viewonline.
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Mora, Anne-Sophie. "Élaboration de revêtements époxy pour contact alimentaire à empreinte environnementale réduite A perspective approach on the amine reactivity and the hydrogen bonds effect on epoxy-amine systems vanillin-derived amines for bio-based thermosets synthesis of biobased reactive hydroxyl amines by amination reaction of cardanol-based epoxy monomers synthesis of pluri-functional amine hardeners from bio-based aromatic aldehydes for epoxy amine thermosets cardanol-based epoxy monomers for high thermal properties thermosets." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENCM0012.
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Les travaux de thèse présentés sont issus d’une collaboration industrielle avec la société Nouvelle Sogatra, spécialisée dans la conception, la fabrication et la commercialisation de revêtements de protection bi-composants répondant aux normes d’alimentarité. L’objectif principal de ce projet est de proposer de nouveaux revêtements époxydiques performants en utilisant des produits biosourcés et, dans l’idéal, moins dangereux pour l’Homme et pour l’environnement. Ces travaux de thèse s’axent autour de l’identification de nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse de durcisseurs aminés biosourcés qui soient facilement applicables industriellement.L’amination directe des groupements époxy par ouverture de cycle en présence d’ammoniaque ainsi que l’amination réductrice via la synthèse d’imine ont été sélectionnées comme voies de synthèse pour leur facilité d’application et leur caractère respectueux de l’environnement. Pour cela, des précurseurs commerciaux biosourcés et/ou à toxicité réduite ont été sélectionnés. De nouveaux durcisseurs aminés ont été synthétisés à partir de bio ressources telles que la vanilline, le cardanol et le benzaldéhyde. Ces durcisseurs ont ensuite été utilisés pour la synthèse de système époxy-amine thermodurcissables dont les propriétés physico-chimiques et thermodynamiques ont été caractériséesThe presented PhD works were initiated by an industrial collaboration with the company Nouvelle Sogatra, specialized in the design, manufacturing and marketing of two component protective coatings for food contact. The aim of this project is to offer new high-performance epoxy thermosets from bio based reactants and, ideally with a low impact on the health and the environment. This PhD works focus on the identification of new synthesis methodologies of bio-based amine hardeners, which could be easily industrialized.The direct epoxy amination by ring opening using ammonia and the reductive amination via imine synthesis were selected as synthesis routes for their simple utilization and their eco friendly character. Hence, bio based and/or reduced toxicity commercial precursors were selected. New amine hardeners were synthesized from bio resources, such as vanillin, cardanol and benzaldehyde. These hardeners were then used to synthesize epoxy-amine thermosets, whose thermomechanical and physicochemical properties were characterized
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Colin, Olivier. "Plateforme pyridylalkylamine modulable : un outil pour la catalyse." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS023V/document.
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Les travaux exposés dans ce manuscrit s’articulent autour de l’élaboration de nouvelles plateformes pyridylalkylamines polyfonctionelles et chirales afin de permettre le développement d’un nouveau processus de réactions catalysées en cascade. La première partie de ce document décrit la synthèse de plateformes pyridylméthylamines (pma) portant des motifs chiraux et (thio)urées. La seconde partie traite de leur utilisation dans des réactions d’organocatalyse et de métallocatalyse asymétriques, puis dans des réactions catalysées en cascade séquencée. La troisième partie porte sur la synthèse de plateformes pyridyléthylamines (pea) via l’utilisation d’une réaction d’amination électrophile organocatalysée et une réaction de cyclisation de PrinsThe works described in this manuscript is dealing with the construction of new polyfunctional chiral pyridylmethylamine (pma) platforms in order to allow the development of new one-pot catalytic reaction sequences. The first part of this document focuses on the synthesis of pyridylméthylamine platforms carrying chiral motifs and (thio)ureas. The second part reports their use in asymmetric organocatalysis and metallocatalysis and then in catalyzed cascade reaction sequences. The third part deals with the synthesis of pyridyléthylamine (pea) platforms through an organocatalyzed electrophilic reaction followed by a Prins cyclisation
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Del, Castillo Fernández Estefanía. "Applications of the Hofmann-Löffler reaction for C-H functionalization in Total Synthesis." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670691.
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Aquesta tesi doctoral representa alguns avenços en el camp de la funcionalització d’enllaç C-H alifàtics. És necessari el desenvolupament de nous mètodes per a la funcionalització selectiva en molècules orgàniques. Per portar a terme aquestes estratègies, els radicals de nitrogen semblen perfectes candidats per generar selectivament enllaços de C-X en posicions no activades. Aquests radicals de nitrogen han estat usats com a intermedis reactius en química sintètica en les darreres dècades, portant a cap la química de transferència d’àtoms d’hidrogen, on la coneguda reacció de Hofmann-Löffler va ser pionera. El primer projecte està basat en el concepte de reacció de Hofmann interrompuda per a l’halogenació selectiva de molècules orgàniques. Per això, vam usar sulfonamides y èsters de sulfamats com a grups dirigents de processos de 1.5 i 1,6 de transferència d’àtoms d’hidrogen per generar radicals centrats en carboni en posicions γ o δ. Aquests radicals son atrapats per àtoms d’halògens donant accés a compostos orgànics amb múltiples halògens en la seva estructura com a estructures cícliques i acícliques. En alguns casos, halogenació veïnal o geminal va ser observada. La segona i tercera part de la tesi aquesta relacionada amb l’ús de la reacció de Hofmann-Löffler per a la formació de l’anell de pirrolidina en alcaloides. La combinació de iode hipervalent amb quantitat catalítica de iode va ser una bona estratègia per a l'aminació en l'última etapa de la síntesi enantioselectiva de la nicotina. Per últim, en la tercera part de la Tesis demostra que aquesta metodologia podria aplicar-se a molècules més complexes podent sintetitzar l’estructura del hasubanan de forma enantioselectiva on la formació de pirrolidina es produeix en els darrers passos de la síntesi.Esta tesis doctoral representa algunos avances en el campo de la funcionalización de enlace C-H alifáticos. Es necesario el desarrollo de nuevos métodos para la funcionalización selectiva en moléculas orgánicas. Para llevar a cabo estas estrategias, los radicales de nitrógeno parecen perfectos candidatos para generar selectivamente enlaces de C-X en posiciones no activadas. Estos radicales de nitrógeno han sido usados como intermedios reactivos en química sintética en las últimas decadas, llevando a cabo la química de transferencia de átomos de hidrógeno, donde la conocida reacción de Hofmann-Löffler fue pionera. El primer Proyecto esta basado en el concepto de reacción de Hofmann interrumpida para la halogenación selectiva de moléculas orgánicas. Para ello, empleamos sulfonamidas y esteres de sulfamatos como grupos dirigentes de procesos de 1.5 y 1,6 de transferencia de átomos de hidrógeno para generar radicales centrados en carbono en posiciones γ or δ. Estos radicales son atrapados por átomos de halógenos dando acceso a compuestos orgánicos con múltiples halógenos en su estructura como estructuras cíclicas y acíclicas. En algunos casos, halogenacion vecinal o geminal fue observada. La segunda y tercera parte de la tesis esta relacionada con el uso de la reacción de Hofmann-Löffler para la formación del anillo de pirrolidina en alcaloides. La combinación de yodo hipervalente con cantidad catalítica de yodo pareció ser una buena estrategia para la aminación en la última etapa de la síntesis enantioselectiva de la nicotina. Por último, en la tercera parte de la Tesis demostramos que esta metodología podría aplicarse a moléculas más complejas pudiendo sintetizar la estructura del hasubanan de forma enantioselectiva donde la formación de pirrolidina se produce en los últimos pasos de la síntesis.
This doctoral Thesis summarizes advances in the field of C-H functionalization of aliphatic bonds. Methods for remote functionalization are necessary to expand the transformations available in the organic molecules. For this transformation, nitrogen-centered radicals are the perfect candidates to promote selective C-X bond formation over unactivated and distal C-H bonds. Nitrogen-centered radicals have been widely used as reactive intermediates in synthetic chemistry in the last decades, carrying out hydrogen atom transfer chemistry, where the well-known Hofmann-Löffler reaction was pioneering. The first research project is based on the concept of ‘interrupted Hofmann-Löffler’ reaction to the selective halogenation of organic molecules. For that, we employed sulfonamides or sulfamates esters as directing/protecting group of the transformation. These directing groups promote 1,5 or 1,6-hydrogen atom transfer generating the carbon-centered radical at γ or δ-positions. This radical is trapped by the addition of a halogen atom at this position. This protocol provided access to multiple halogenated organic compounds, such as cyclic and acyclic structures. In some cases, vicinal and geminal halogenation is observed. The second and the third part of my doctoral Thesis is related to the application of the Hofmann-Löffler reaction for the formation of the pyrrolidine ring into some alkaloids. The combination of hypervalent iodine(III) species with catalytic amount of molecular iodine seemed to be a robust tool for late-stage amination in the enantioselective synthesis of nicotine. In this regard, in the last part of the Thesis we demonstrated that this methodology could be applied to more complex molecules being able to synthesize the enantioselective hasubanan core where the pyrrolidine formation occurred in the last steps of the synthesis.
Book chapters on the topic "Amination reaction"
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Li, Jie Jack. "Chichibabin amination reaction." In Name Reactions, 68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05336-2_56.
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Li, Jie Jack. "Chichibabin amination reaction." In Name Reactions, 63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04835-1_54.
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Devkota, Krishna Prasad, and Norbert Sewald. "Terpenoid Alkaloids Derived by Amination Reaction." In Natural Products, 923–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_30.
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Saranya, Salim, Thaipparambil Aneeja, and Gopinathan Anilkumar. "Microwave-Assisted Amination Reaction: A Green Approach." In Green Organic Reactions, 51–61. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6897-2_4.
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Binev, Rumen. "Alkaloids Derived by Amination Reaction: Acetate-Derived (Coniine)." In Natural Products, 883–907. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_28.
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Babaev, Eugene V. "Most Combinatorial LPOS Reaction: Reductive Amination with a Scavenger." In SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, 73–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50015-7_4.
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Parsaeimehr, Ali, and Elmira Sargsyan. "Ephedra Alkaloids-Alkaloids Derived by Amination Reaction: Phenylalanine Derived." In Natural Products, 909–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22144-6_29.
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Li, Jie Jack. "Borch reductive amination." In Name Reactions, 66–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03979-4_32.
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Li, Jie Jack. "Buchwald–Hartwig amination." In Name Reactions, 91–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03979-4_45.
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Li, Jie Jack. "Borch reductive amination." In Name Reactions, 58–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01053-8_28.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Amination reaction"
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De Oliveira Vigier, Karine, Christophe Coutanceau, and Steve Baranton. "Electro-oxidation of glycerol and diglycerol in the presence of Pt or Pd-based electrocatalyst follows by the reductive amination of the products obtained." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/olba8004.
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The selective electro-oxidation of bio-based organic molecules such as glycerol, polyglycerols, saccharides and furanic compounds has received particular attention in recent years, due to the high value-added compounds that result and their numerous industrial applications. Electrochemical methods are therefore well suited for the controlled oxidation of small organic molecules in aqueous media. Glycerol valorization through partial oxidation is a good way of obtaining many different molecules with high added value such as glyceric acid, tartronic acid, dihydroxyacetone, glyceraldehyde etc., that can find various applications in different domains such as organic chemistry, medical, and cosmetic industries. Here we have studied the electro-oxidation of glycerol in the presence of Pt or Pd-based catalysts. The development of mono- and bimetallic catalysts based on platinum on the one hand and palladium on the other hand for the electro-oxidation of glycerol is a very important goal to direct the reaction pathways to desired products.            Bimetallic catalysts synthesized by the water-in-oil microemulsion method were characterized by physicochemical (TEM, XRD, ATG, SAA and ICP-OES) and electrochemical (active surface and surface composition study) methods in order to obtain a correlation between surface structure and electrochemical response. The reactivity of glycerol and diglycerol in alkaline medium was evaluated to determine the catalyst offering the best conversion. A selectivity study of these catalysts was performed by in situ infrared spectroscopy to determine the reaction intermediates. The distribution of reaction products was determined by HPLC analysis and 1H and 13C NMR analyses.
           Reductive amination reactions with ammonia on the one hand and n-butylamine on the other hand on products identified as being of interest (glyceraldehyde/dihydroxyacetone) were carried out in the presence of hydrogen and catalyzed by palladium-based nanoparticles dispersed on carbon.
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Aggour, Y. A., A. S. Al-Shihri, and M. R. Bazzt. "Recycling of vulcanized waste rubber through halogenations and amination chemical reactions." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp090822.
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Larm, O., L. Adolfsson, I. Gouda, A. Malmberg, P. Olsson, and E. Scholander. "AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR COVALENT IMMOBILISATION OF HEPARIN BY END POINT ATTACHMENT." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643090.
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When creating a non-thrombogenic surface by immobilisation of heparin, most of the biological activity of heparin as it is expressed in blood should be retained after the coupling procedure. Consequently the chemical methods used in the immobilisation procedure shall be selected so that they do not, infavorably, affect the anti-thrombin (AT) binding site, the charge distribution and charge density of heparin.To ascertain that the AT-binding sequence is not involved in the coupling procedure, we have developed a method in which heparin is coupled by end point attachment (EPA). Heparin is partially degraded with nitrous acid and fragments with reactive aldehydo functions in the reducing terminal residues are formed. These are coupled to aminated surfaces by reductive amination. The primary amines have been introduced on the substrates in different ways, depending on their hydrophobic or hydrophilic characteristics.It has been possible to furnish such complex devices as hollow fibre oxygenators, tubing sets and cannulas with the heparin surface. Heparinized oxygenators have successfully been used in vivo and clinically without and/or with limited systemic heparinization.