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1
Chen, Wei-Sian. "HARVEST FESTIVAL BY YANN-JONG HWANG: A PIANO DUET INSPIRED BY TAIWANESE FOLK TUNES." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/86.
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The purpose of this study is to provide an introduction and analysis of Harvest Festival, a work for piano four hands by Taiwanese composer Yann-Jong Hwang. This work incorporates elements of traditional Taiwanese music that is largely unfamiliar to performers and listeners beyond the border of Taiwan.
With the exception of Professor Hwang’s own journal article on this piece, this project is the only study of Harvest Festival available in the United States or Taiwan. This research will be meaningful to both performers and piano teachers as an encouragement to include Yann-Jong Hwang’s work within their concert repertory.
This document examines the background of Yann-Jong Hwang; briefly introduces Taiwan, the Amis tribe, and the Harvest Festival event; provides a structural analysis of all four sections of Harvest Festival; and concludes with an appendix consisting of a complete score of Harvest Festival.
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Noelle, Christine. "State and tribe in the nineteenth-century Afghanistan : the reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan (1826-1863) /." Richmond : Curzon, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37530128g.
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Lin, Kwei Chi, and 林桂枝. "MIRECUK in Ritual Music of Amis Tribe." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49206012577009270636.
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Sun, Chun-Yen, and 孫俊彥. "The Research of the Polyphonic Songs of Malan Amis Tribe." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48138855552091435823.
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ho, chih-hon, and 何志宏. "The study of age organization in a coast Amis tribe." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99rf6m.
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碩士國立臺東大學
南島文化研究所
96
Age organization has been the focus of Amis culture study all the time. Following the entrance of nation and influence of capitalism, age organization has become the compare study, from the central study, with other social organization. By observing community life, age organization is not only “seen” in the harvest festival. It’s helpful for understanding Amis culture, if we can figure out age organization’s meaning in different aspects. This essay is studying how age organization continues and transforms in community and religion. By methodizing past bibliography, age organization’s function, in surface, has become the preparation in harvest festival from tribe defense and labor instigation. In fact, we still can see that local people apply the concept of age organization in different aspects when they facing the entrance of new social organization. By analyzing tribe ritual and live ceremony, it shows the age organization was influenced by social transition, and it brings the new culture meaning, too. In the case of women joining age organization, it skips over the regulation of male. By joining the pork-eating occasion, male emale age organizations display the concept of tribe unity. Besides, analyzing the pork-eating from pig-killing not only explains local people’s discrimination in activities, but also performs the idea of social order. Contrasting pork, rice’s raw and ripe illustrates the culture meaning of co-eating and divide-eating.
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Karo, Ifog, and 曾健義. "Songs and dance teaching of Amis tribe language narrative research." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75586360089125108932.
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碩士國立臺東大學
教育學系(所)
103
The purpose of this study was to explore teaching Amis tribe language by the way of songs and dance teaching to schoolchildren. How effectiveed it will be to promote the listening ability of Amis tribe language to schoolchildren . In the condition of Amis tribe language without characters, it passes by the oral tradition of cultural heritage. Hoping that through this study, to understanded the situation and condition of songs and dance teaching in the teaching of Amis tribe language. Secondly, by songs and dance teaching, to explore Amis children and parents’ interact circumstances. Finally, through songs and dance teaching of Amis tribe language, to explore Amis school education, family education and tribal using and development. The study found out that: (A) Through songs and dance teaching of Amis tribe language, it made the passing of language and culture more diverse, more lively to school children. They expected Amis tribe language courses, not just learning the language, but also letting students realize that songs and dance are parts of their culture. (B) The arrangements of curriculum from school teachers made children learn the tribal traditional values and traditional culture. Children learnned Amis tribe language happily, and understood their culture from the course. The course increases their interaction with each other, and they also learned the independence and confidence. During the teaching process, Mandarin and Amis tribe language both were being used for them to easily understand their elders’ ordinary discourse, and deepen their understanding of Amis tribe language. Children will teached other teachers Amis tribe language actively. They also learned the living situation of their ancestors, and then identify with their own culture. (C) The current Taiwanese aboriginal tribesmen had no sense of crisis for the maintenance of indigenous languages. Tribal elders spook to each other in indigenous language. The younger generation of the tribe used the indigenous language, or Mandarin. The children completely used Mandarin to spook to each other. The conversations between tribal children and elders had completely became Chinese. So if tribal elders pass away one day in the future, the conversations by the indigenous language will no longer be heard in the tribe, and it will be replaced by Mandarin. By " Songs and dance teaching of Amis tribe language narrative research", to understood the difficulty of Amis tribe language today. According to the research findings, to made a few suggestions for reference to school administrative units and aboriginal tribes.
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Wang, Jong-Yi, and 王忠義. "A study on Amis Tribe’s age hierarchy in Taitung Madawdaw Tribe." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z58575.
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碩士國立臺東大學
區域政策與發展研究所
96
The age hierarchy, one of Amis Tribe’s traditional social organizations, is the foundation of every public policy and politics activity. It carries not only sacred multi-tasks of the tribe’s safety and the heritage of culture but also has the functions including the society, military, politics, laws, economy, and religion. The tribe’s culture was created in the hierarchy and was passed down through its protection. It played an important role of sustainable development in the tribe. Taitung Madawdaw Tribe, located in the middle of the long eastern coastal line, was the intersection of the early Amis and Malan Amis’ coast line. It has developed a unique social system and has created different Amis’ cultures due to its complicated relationship with other tribes and their interactions. The age hierarchy in Madawdaw tribe has been ruled by Japanese. In 1911, the guns of the tribe were taken away because of the war against the Japanese and the rituals in the tribe were gone. The Japanese punishment toward the tribe and the chief has damaged the age hierarchy development. After second world-war, the tribe’s traditional religions were considered superstition and were abandoned due to the introduction of western religions. The chief of the tribe announced to cancel the male gathering meeting and festivals. At the some time, the land of the tribe’s sanctuary were sold and moved away. The age hierarchy has lost its stage result in an unprecedented impact of the tribe’s culture and social organizations. After the year of 1960, the young men in the tribe have moved to urban areas searching for a job due to the transformation of economy in Taiwan. Thus, the working of the age hierarchy in the tribe became difficult and the organizations became loose and empty. Since 1990, the tribe has stopped the preparation of calling different age people to join the age hierarchy. Thus, the most important foundation of the tribe, the age hierarchy, has gone in the history forever. For over the past few hundred years, the Madawdaw tribe was influenced by the depression of politics, economy, culture structure, and industry, result in the break down of traditional social organization structure, culture, and language. The tribe, therefore, generated the crisis of culture recognition. The most important key of any culture’s remaining or perishing was the tribe’s perseverance and choice except the influence of the outer environment. The culture must be focus on both “sustainable” and “development” in order to adapt to the big change in the environment. This study showed that only by combining the spirit of the age hierarchy and the reality of the tribe’s social scenario, can the youngsters of the tribe understand the importance of passing down the culture and organization. Through transformation and innovation, the spirit of the age hierarchy can adapt to the modern society and remain forever.
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Huang, Pao-Chu, and 黃寶珠. "Space, Naming and Place identity-Hualien 'Amis tribe Cikasuan history and experience." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30979676694983086728.
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碩士國立東華大學
民族發展與社會工作學系
99
This thesis focused on exploring the conversation analysis of "Where you from?" as the starting point. From the explanation of a place name recall the place “Cikasuan” of cognition by the interviewer in the past. Through native language giving the name, well aware that place identity emphasized on personal factor accumulating the place sense of belonging because of the self-experience, the society, and cultural relations. Personal acquired an inside identification from the sense of belonging, to bring the influence depends on the place “Cikasuan”. Through conversation analysis and narration describing the place, while using our language to give cultural meaning, as the result that we reach an agreement to name a space, therefore, language directly decided the vision of world as we seen. Through the methodology of description, certainly understand the naming and history by recalling the place cultural background of the tribal village of “Cikasuan”, reproducing the diversity of naming of “Cikasuan”. The thesis of exploration emphasized on reappearing the place identity and space reconstruction of “Cikasuan”. Through the space discuss the application of space, regard to understanding the place, its culture and ethnic of social interaction, therefore, bringing the cultural intension of naming and inhabited area. The name of place probably changed steadily because of the ethnic relations and population migration. The purpose of this thesis hopes to able to present the naming, place cultural and society connection of “Cikasuan”.
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Chiu, Wei-Cheng, and 邱韋誠. "The Baseball History of Amis Tribe: Dimensions of Body Culture and Identity." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cyu4hp.
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博士國立體育大學
體育研究所
101
This study reconstructed a baseball history in the subjective position of Amis tribe. Theory: Under the paradigm of historical sociology, related theories or concepts should be referred to their collective situation in ethnic development and social change. Study approaches: Equipping with synthetic approaches of discursive analysis and oral history, therefore, this study tries to (re) contextualize aborigines in the nexus of baseball history and aboriginal history. It revealed the subjective experience and body culture of Amis aborigines which embedded in baseball history, moreover, the collective memory and identity in the ethnic history which been contextualized. Conclusion: Amis People’s collective and social memories of baseball were interacted in the very fabric of their daily life and garner its own cultural dynamism. Social network is very important for the tribal members to contact baseball and start their sporting career. Besides, we take collective memory, identity, and social network as theoretical tools to examine and construct the intra-diversity between indigenous baseball practices. In addition, it also discusses how they perceive their own bodies, and the relationship between their body practice and ethnic-identity in baseball. Suggestions: this study suggested a ‘post-national paradigm’ as an alternative access for future studies to reconstruct the historical subject and identity discourse, and then to explore the development style of body culture and identity disposition, last but not least, to avoid reproducing the domination of power and knowledge complex.
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CHIANG, CHIEN-CHANG, and 江健彰. "The study of work values of the aboriginal student-example in Amis tribe." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55360265531944246892.
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SHIH-CHING, LIN, and 林詩晴. "A Study on The Woodcarving Creations of Siki Sufei,An Artist of Amis Tribe." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22468454448079132837.
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碩士國立臺北教育大學
藝術學系碩士班
97
The goal of this essay is to explore the woodcarving creation performance of an artist in Amis Tribe, Siki Sufei; the purpose is to record a progress of how an aboriginal artist disseminate tribal culture by woodcarving creation. The essay is based on field investigation. Related information is collected and coordinated to understand the subject, range, and object of this research. Also, correlative documentation, essays, and data are analyzed. As for the analysis of the works, the piece performance and creative thoughts of Siki Sufei’s woodcarving artist is introduced in an Iconological angle. Through deep analysis in the three Iconological levels, it is to probe into the natural, traditional meaning, and also the extended, potential meaning of the icons, symbols, and the artistic psychology. It is expected that by the analysis of external shapes and internal ideas of the creations, Siki Sufei’s creative progress to disseminate tribal culture by woodcarving creation could be induced.
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Sawtoy, Kasang, and 旮仩．少多宜. "A Study of probing linguistic structure of Amis tribe children Chinese language comprehension differentiation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77688222797210547873.
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碩士國立臺東大學
幼兒教育學系碩士班
104
This study intends to probing linguistic structure of Amis tribe children chinese language comprehension differentiation influenced by the differentiation of linguistic of Amis language structure. Different ages Amis and Han children are this research's investigation targets. Research tool Pebody Picture Vocabulary test-Revised, and semantic grammar judging homework. Data analysis by Repeated measure ANOVA statistic, calculate Amis children and Han children correct score and reaction time on semantic grammar judging homework. The result of finding: 1. There is a significant differentiation between different ethnic groups’ children on literary familiar of linguistic semantic grammar judging. 2. There is no significant differentiation among different ethnic groups and age development on being familiar with word's reaction time, but it has a significant differentiation on grammar. 3. There is a significant differentiation of unfamiliar word's semantic grammar judging homework between different ethnic groups, but there's no differentiation among different age infants. 4. There is no significant differentiaion unfamiliar with word's reaction time among the infant's enthic group, age and grammar development.
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Lin, Hsien-Kuo, and 林憲國. "Research of Tribalism among Northern Group of Amis Nowadays--- Taking Cikasuan Tribe as an Example." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65975273688745151834.
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碩士國立東華大學
臺灣文化學系
104
This research is to understand the tribalism of northern group of Amis people who are staying in Cikasuan Tribe. Through annual major gatherings e.g. Harvest Festival or Fishing Festival; or practicing the traditional daily life etiquettes, the coherence of tribe will be improved and the multivariate culture of indigenous characteristic will also be exposed. Traditional hunting and annual worship for agricultural activities need to be proceeded by the special unit— Male social class group. Since 1960, the economy in Taiwan had arisen and young males in the tribes started to leave their community and gradually moved to urban area for work. There were more difficulties for Male social class group to run. The structure became loose and the management class of the tribes became weaker. The population of the tribes decreased, and recruiting of male age class had stopped. The key group of tribe, which is the organization of male age classes, became part of history after the mid 1980s. The classes of different age so far gradually shrink as the time goes and the gaps between the core members from generations are wider. Further more, the mid-age groups move to big cities for work ; the education level and the social economical status in tribes go down. Indigenous people in tribes couldn’t compete with the Hans in real life. The self-confidence of whole group declined, so did the tribalism. Even some of Amis people deny that they are themselves as Amis. This research is to discuss that the tribalism of Amis people in Cikasuan Tribe lost their land and tradition because of the intervention of government’s power and economical factors. After urban indigenous people are back to mother tribe, they lost the relationship and connection with the land. The local cultural identity declined after generations and generations. The traditional worship ceremony, public affairs and the religious view is interfered by the western religion and civil group, so the tribe culture gradually vanished, the structure of traditional social units became fragile, and the tribalism of young group is losing. According to the fact that the self-identity of Cikasuan Tribal insight, tribal elite business planning to return home and trying to revitalize the traditional tribal culture and help tribe people to find their glory back.
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Shen, Fan-Yun, and 沈凡筠. "The experience of Urban Indigenous People moving to Public Housing:An Example of Amis San-Ying Tribe." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n3t22a.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
社會工作學研究所
103
The purpose of this study is to investigate experiences for the people who used to live in Amis San-Ying Tribe and then move into Long'enbu public housing. Researcher used in-depth interviews to find out their living in San-Ying Tribe, the experience of being forced to move into Long'enbu public housing, and difficulty in adapting to live in Long'enbu public housing. Therefore, researcher wants to discuss the changes of the Amis living and traditional culture after they move to public housing. The research findings are as followings: 1. In San-Ying Tribe, the Amis houses was built of wood planks, and there was no water or electricity. They grew vegetables or bred poultry as food, they helped each other and shared resources, and they had created San-Ying Tribe. They lived a life of poor but stable. 2. With the development of Da-Han Creek, government rebuilt their houses when the government destroyed the houses again and again. Both their body and soul was extremely exhausted. Most of people in order to provide their children with stable life, the moved into Long'enbu public housing. 3. After the Amis moved into public housing, they encountered difficulties in some adaption issues: (1) The Amis felt uneasy about the housing pattern of public housing which did not conform to Amis culture. (2) In the government’s policy, they did not respect for keeping the collective of San-Ying tribe. Therefore, the tribe and Amis traditional culture vanished in the public housing. (3) There were more aboriginal families of other tribes moved into Long'enbu public housing, the population of public housing became Multi-ethnic. The government tried to manage public housing through building managers and security guards, but it were ineffective. (4) Because the people who lived in the public housing lacking coherence, the community self-government groups were not set up or cease moving. (5) Owing to the issue of rental contract, many building residents owed the government a huge sum of money. The residents had to pay more and more bills after they moved into public housing, but their work situation were unstable. Therefore, they generally felt their financial pressure was getting heavy.
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Ma, Hsin-Yi, and 馬心沂. "Amis Vegetable Garden: Study on Cultivation and Utilization of Field Plants in Fattaan Tribe of Hualien County." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86t635.
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碩士國立東華大學
自然資源與環境學系
106
Amis is the largest ethnic group in Taiwan with a major habitat area in east Taiwan. The population used to gather wild plants as one of major resources of food in early life, hence,the knowledge of wild herbs is accumulated. As indigenous peoples move from harvesting to farming, the acquisition of food is facilitated. To understand how Amis people used and planted these crops in the beginning of the 21st century,the Amis in Fattaan Tribeof Hualien Countywas selected for this study. To investigate the cultivation, 18farmers were interviewed. The ratio of men and womenin this study is one to four and their age were betweenfifty to eight-five. This study was conducted from October 2009 to November 2010. A total of 143 species of plants were recorded in 13 sample plots, of which 29 were Taiwan native plants. Those accounting for 20 percent of all plants studied. According to their usage, investigated plants are divided into edible (102 species), medicinal (7 species), ornamental (33 species), hobby (3 species) and other (11 species). From the study, it is found that the majority of the field plant are edible plants, amounting to 71% of the population.Among these, ornamental plants make up to 23% of the population, medicinal plants make up 5 % in population, hobby plants and palnts for other purposes amount to 2 % and 8 %t, respectively. Edible plants are further grouped into cereal, vegetable, fruit and wild plants. The majority of plant in cereal group is core; In vegetables, scallion and pumpkin are the most common ; Bananna is the most abundant in fruits; Among edible wild plants, cochinchina momordica seed and American black night shade are the dominant; In the group of medicine, lilac tasselflower and Chinese artichokeare seemed the most; Coix is planted the mostcommonly grownornamental plants and betel nut tree is the most popular habit plants. In this study, it is found an aged of Amis growers society and felmale are more than male in farming population in Amis tribe. These phenomena showthe lack of youth generation particiates and female-based practices in Amis tribe's traditional farming division. The significant of the study is to understand the traditional wisdom of Amis in their life, which reperstents in many aspects, especially in cultivation methods.For example,growing of robust crops to lower the maintenance and management, usingthe coverage to reduce weeds, applying chicken manure to be a fertilizer, spreading a small amount of pesticides to reduce the impact of the environmental, setting simple water harvesting equipment to obtain irrigation water, the use of trees as support for melons and legumes to vine, makinguse of nature resourcesto build scaffold for planting andby predation and escorting to reduce the hazards of animals.Meanwhile, through sharing and interacting cycles among ethnic groups and the nautre,Amis establishs certain characteristics of themselves. This style of living provides a closer look of the human history in Taiwan and the relaitonship among people and nature.
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Lin, Koung-yee, and 林光義. "The Interaction of Indigenous Tourism and Traditional cultures: The Case of the Amis Tribe Fulafulak at Taitung." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/vae5sk.
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碩士國立臺東大學
南島文化研究所
98
The essay aims to discuss lots of problems and conflicts from the program of the interaction of indigenous tourism and traditional cultures. Two protest events are happened in the tribe Fulafulak “the exploitation of the Beautiful Bay” “the forbidden fishing of Fushan area” and “the situation of ecotourism” from tribe work are study topics. The ways to study these topics are “the analysis of historical materials” and “field works”, which are used to review historical records and discuss these topics. Being a participator who observes in the field land, Fulafulak offers inhabitants to do unstructured interviews. The article is to realize the concepts and ideas of peoples from different ethnics, organizations and ages to “the exploitation of the Beautiful Bay” “the forbidden fishing of Fushan area” and “the situation of ecotourism” from tribe work. Progressively I complete the work from the structure of the research and keep analyzing these data and vocabularies from collecting and interviewing. Finally I make the conclusion and suggestions for the article. The development of tourism perhaps can solve the problem of tribe economic. Plenty of protest events are happened because the policies of the government are not complete. In the process of development, the governor, in order to pursue the maximum of benefit, usually ignores the traditional cultures of indigenous peoples. Furthermore, the development has already caused negative impacts ; even, people lose their own lands. This article clearly indicates that people should combine their consensus through the traditional organization of the tribe. People should find out a system of co-management from the base of the law which helps the tribe can possess their rights. Through the organizational training of empowerment, it offers indigenous people a chance of learning and strengthen their abilities of rights expound and culture interpretations, both of which will benefit the sustainable development of indigenous area tourism industries.
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Mei, Chen Yu, and 陳玉美. "Amis tribe a past,present and future-In Taitung City Fu Feng in Kakawasan(stone mountain) Tribal Case." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w3777c.
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碩士國立臺東大學
公共與文化事務學系區域政策與發展研究碩士班
103
Kakawasan tribe of Taitung City, Fu Feng in the Amis tribe located. Since the late Qing Dynasty, the Japanese colonial era,the national govemment. Tribal several changes, in terms of the tribesmen, the record will be extremely important and of great significance. Therefore, in order to observe their own point of view, by the memory of the elderiy rehabilitation and construction of the foundation and ancestors.Stimulate Kakawasan implicit in the deepest cultural meaning.Research into the formation, development and the development of the Amis tribe. And reconstruct the old tribal imagine for Kakawasan. The results were as foilows 1.From regain close to tribal life, understand the culture and tribal existing share, symbiotic spirit of departure, And then converted and practice in the face of the impact of modernity and tradition to create a living space with its own characteristics. 2.We know the tribe’s changes by tribe vicissitude history、social organization and special industries. 3.The influence of foreign religions to Kakawasan tribe on the local tribe, and show the spirit and inner operational logic of the combination of original religion and the religion. 4.Air Force airport in response to the policy recommendations set for Kakawasan tribes and tribal influence. Kakawasan tribal history reproducibility and construction, department of departure form their land with inherent cultural connotation and symbiosis, sharing the spirit of path, record new cultural concept of a tribe, provide tribal people face the future re-create the reference tirbe.
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WANG, YUN-JHIH, and 王運之. "Vanishing Diet : Searching for the appearance of Diet of Amis Tribe' s Elders – The case of Wild Vegetable." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/sa7w84.
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碩士東海大學
餐旅管理學系
106
Since 1961, the economic model in Taiwan society has transformed from agricultural economy to export-oriented, labor-intensive industries. That has made it to have many Ami tribal people, one after another, move into the metropolitan areas for work and living and then those people are to form “metropolitan Amis”. The objects of this research are Ami elders. And the purposes of this research are: 1. to explore the Ami elders’ conditions of wild vegetable diets; 2. to explore the existing situations of metropolitan Ami elders’ wild vegetable diets’ heritage and the ethnic identity, derived from both of which. The sampling area of this research is based on those who are Ami elders, natives of Hualien and Taitung, above 50 years old - the first generation of aboriginal people living in the cities. Those Ami elders could remain more tribal memories and more profoundly realize and identify their own culture. In this research adopting the purposive sampling, in-depth interviews were conducted to collect narrative data from 5 interviewees to respond to the research questions. The research result is that Ami elders, having gone through a hometown cultural baptism since young, have still kept their diet habits without loss of aboriginal subjectivity. Therefore, Ami elders still remain an elegant name, called“ethnic people eating grass”, But the Ami young generation, born and growing up in the cities, could lose the chance of being well-bred in their mother culture. Their living and diet habits and Han Chinese’s are similar. There is a crisis of loss of heritage of wild vegetable diets in metropolitan Amis’ daily life. But nowadays the regimen wave and the wild vegetable restaurants are at rise, which has changed the inner meaning of Ami wild vegetable diets and the model of heritage. The Ami wild vegetable diets represent a kind of“spiritual culture”and a kind of“life wisdom”, in which there are different appearances and inspiration in the different circumstances and ethnic groups, and which then derive the diet culture, deserving our respect. The research result is that we can make the Ami diet culture, the sensibility in nature and the reflection in environment be all together passed down.
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Shih-Ning, Chen, and 陳式寧. "Life History in Folk Songs,Via folk songs by Wu Ze-i of Tulik village of Amis tribe." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x64zvr.
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碩士國立臺東大學
兒童文學研究所
96
The purpose of this research is to obtain the life history represented in the form of folk songs via the exploration of the creations of an Amis song-writer, Wu Ze-i. Wu is an Amis indigene who has spent his whole life in his hometown, Tuilik village, Taidong County. Apart from doing farming and fishing as his way of life-surviving, Wu does music accompaniment as a sideline occasionally, and his creation has thus grown. Wu’s inspiration has always been what he has observed close by, especially the changing of time and circumstances that he witnessed. The research first gives a description of the natural region, social and cultural circumstances that have constructed the song-writer’s background. This introduction prepares for the further detailed analysis of Wu’s works and how Amis life history has merged within, analyzed from 5 different aspects as follows: 1. Daily life of Amis indigenes in Tulik. 2. How Wu has displayed in his works the way his tribe people confronted impacts of "the exterior culture" and "the modernization". 3. How Wu’s works have recruited the “deterioration” of the traditional Amis life culture resulted from “the modernization” and “the industrialization.” 4. Whether Wu’s works acquire the quality of “making usual daily life exceptional.” 5. The descriptive style and the sarcastic tone adopted in Wu’s creation. Through profound discussion, it can be seen that in his works, Wu shows his observation his keen sense of social tendency, the transit of his states of mind and the transit of his values. Above all those mentioned, Wu gives us a trace how the life culture of Tulik Amis indigenes has changed. The trace, which consists the “the chain-reaction and the changes” taking place in his time, is the most significant feature of Wu’s creation; the fruit of his creation has meanwhile proved that the transit and integration of culture is inevitable. All the features of Wu’s creation can be recognized in some particular themes, From the overview Wu provides in his works, the vivid images of people constantly trying to accommodate to the unfamiliar exterior impacts could be easily revealed－ Wu’s tribe people have gone through the process of making choices, adjusting values and adapting to the impacts along came with modernization so as to fulfill their material lives and to maintain the basic balance, physical and mental. The unique virtue of Wu’s works, to sum up, is contributed by his illustrative reflection of time and of Amis life culture. On the other side, Wu Ze-i’s works have provided an option of releasing fealings and expressing thoughts for his contemporary tribe people. Added to his contribution as a song-writer, what Wu has persistently pursued while confronted by modernization and industrialization is to revive the deleting traditional Amis culture, to refresh the exhausting minds of his tribe people, and to recover the original spiritual strength inhered in the traditional Amis culture. To conclude, Wu Ze-i is a life artist nurtured by the Amis culture itself.
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Dlamini, Dumile Fungile, and 多美麗. "Implementing Participatory and Co-Design Approaches with the Taiwan Aboriginal Amis Tribe: Case Study in Zhong An Village." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42036081070151916284.
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碩士銘傳大學
商品設計學系創新設計與管理碩士班
104
The aim of is this study to implement participatory and co-design approaches with the Taiwan aboriginal Amis Tribe in Zhong An Village. The purpose of this study was to develop culture innovative products through co-design approaches. This method of design explored other business opportunities within the Amis community that could contribute to the sustaining of the culture and creating cross cultural products that embody the value of the Amis tribe. Through this study, the designer created a questionnaire that aimed to extract and develop community cultural activities that could increase the participation and enrichment of the tribe. Through the questionnaire findings, it was determined that not all tribe members were satisfied with the cultural activities, and that these activities needed to be restructured in order to fit their demographic. In addition, implementing participatory and co-design elements in a culture creative project, can lead to development of a successful product that embodies the heart and value of the culture, favorably it can also lead to additional investment for the production of the design and other business ideas. Therefore implementing participatory and co-design elements can be advantageous for culture designed products and service
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Ting, Wang Yi, and 王怡婷. "The Study of Adoptive Parent-Children Attachment Relationships in Taiwan Indigenous peoples – An example of Paiwan and Amis Tribe." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q9cx67.
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Chen, Lin Fang, and 林芳誠. "Crossing the Present and the Past-The Revitalization of Pakalungay, the Lowest Age Organization of the Amis Tribe in Atolan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/76frv5.
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碩士國立臺北藝術大學
傳統藝術研究所
97
Pakalungay is the lowest but the most basic group in the organization of Amis tribe. For the people who have the traditional cultural age set experiences in the past, are very different from now. When the economical and educational surroundings have been changed, villagers move out for their own lives. Besides them, the missionary work of Catholic and Christian also reduce the inclination to the affairs of the tribe. The beginning of the cultural revitalization movements in Atolan was The “Pakalungay educational camp” which is combined with traditional and modern methods to educate the children in the tribe. During the time when they get together, children have chances to learn their culture and make them treasure it more than before. This situation not only attributes the higher identify to the tribe and culture but recalls more villagers back to join the cultural affairs. The purpose of this essay is trying to understand what situation do Amis people face to and how do they react. The four youth age organizations（Malikuda’ay）will be the most important issue to observe by the interactive activities between them. In addition, the sexual problems are very different from the old days. Female（especially the younger one）was not allowed to join the age organization but own the similar rights today. Besides it, the effects after cooperation from tribe and the outside is mentioned to discuss. Above all phenomena are new experiences of Amis youth people in Atolan nowaday.
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Hu, Tzung-Chuang, and 胡宗光. "A Study on Creative Characteristics and the Environment Influences on Creativity of the Aborigine Students in Elementary School─using Amis Tribe." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43579083177795915927.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
特殊教育研究所
90
Abstract The purposes of this study were to explore the creativie potential and creative environment of the elementary students of Amis Tribe. First,the investigation research was conducted on 248 aborigine students in urban schools and 249 aborigine students in mountain region schools through “CAP/Test of Divergent Feeling”and“Eenvironmental influential factors on creativity questionnaire”. Furthermore, the assessment on aborigine students from cities and mountain regions and ordinary students from cities with more evident creative characteristics were selected and grouped into 40 pairs through “CAP/ Test of Divergent Thinking ”.Finally, researcher conducted interviews with both four urban and four suburb groups, each group includes creative aborigine student, his(her) parents and teacher. Data of the scales and questionnaires were analyzed by ANOVA and posteriori comparisions, and the qualitative data were analyzed by ‘‘analytic induction’’. The main findings were as follows: A. Analysis and comparison on creative characteristics of the aborigine students in elementary schools. 1. Aborigine students from both areas had more apparent spirit of adventure and curiosity, but were weak in imagination. 2. Aborigine students in both areas had many similar strengths and weaknesses on creative characteristics. 3. Aborigine boys with middle to low total creative characteristics from mountain regions elementary schools usually had intense curiosity; while Aborigine girls with high total creative characteristics generally had higher spirit of challenge than their male counterparts. 4. Aborigine students with extraordinary creative potentials from both areas were found to possess the following similarities: “optimistic”, “capable of finding own entertainment”, “innocent”, “bohemian”, “pay less attention to the opinion or feelings of others”, “multitalented and varied interests”, and “independent”. B. Analysis and comparison on creative environment of the aborigine students in elementary schools. (A) Home environment 1. Aborigine students in cities felt that “resource availability” was better than in the mountain region. 2. Aborigine students from both areas were more supportive of “democratic” and less supportive of “resource availability”. (B) School environment 1. Aborigine students in mountain regions felt that “teaching style” was better than in the cities. 2. Aborigine students from both areas were more supportive of “teaching style” and “openness” is most unconducive for their development of creativity. (C) Aborigine students from both areas sensed similar advantages and disadvantages in terms of home and school environment. (D) Aborigine girls were more supportive of the “openness”, “peer relationship” and “the whole school” variables than aborigine boys. (E) Aside from the school’s variable “liberalization”, aborigine students with higher total creative characteristics were more supportive of the other variables in the home and school environment categories. (F) Existing environmental conditions had a highly far-reaching influence on the extraordinary creative potential cases; while school education manifested a positive majority influence. C. Analysis and comparative study on creative thinking A Difference was noted between the “openness” of aborigine students in mountain regions and that of the ordinary students in cities. (Ordinary students in cities had higher scores than aborigine students in mountain regions.) No differences were noted in the other variables. D. Analysis of extraordinary creative potential cases 1. All cases are independent and self-supporting due to their environment .They participated in numerous activities in their schools and gain acceptance. 2. The cases in cities were quite proficient in performance arts; while cases mountain region in visual arts, moreover the development of talents and interests of these csaes are diverse. 3. Most of the creative motivation of all cases is of “internal motivations”, the cases and other people mostly express positive evaluation for the creative products. 4. The preservation for their culture in urban and mountain regions is insufficient. The spirit of ethnic aboriginal culture rarely appear in cases’ creative works . 5. Most of the cases recognized their aborigine culture. Most of them like to attend aborigine cultural activities, exception for cases 4 in the city. 6. The cases in urban and suburb regions mostly are able to continuously develop their creativity based on their own interests and are willing to develop creativity from the ideas of aborigine culture. Most of their teachers and parents expressed support or respect. Implications for instruction,assessment and further research of aborigine students’creativity are recommended on basis of the results of this study.
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Chen, Kuan-Ting, and 陳冠廷. "A Probe into the Taboo in the Tribal Ethics ― A Case Study of the Amis Tribe Fishing Festival and Harvest Festival." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ggn7bg.
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碩士環球科技大學
公共事務管理研究所
105
Abstracts Taiwan Native Americans Ami has a very rich cultural history, because the traditional wisdom of life and nature are closely related, so the age of the ritual and nature have an inseparable relationship, Ami's age ritual in the Ami culture In the context of the development, the most primitive and the origin of the traditional culture is the highest level of the wisdom of the Ami culture, and when the rituals are started, the links of all cultural ceremonies are driven. Through the annual rituals, To the end, it is natural to let all the tribe tribe into, immersed in the atmosphere of the ritual, each person, the age class led by the rank, all follow the rules of law, through the tribal club system, continue to learn from each other, and by High-level implementation of low-level re-education, the years continue to continue to spread the continuous, so that the culture of the continent of the continent heritage, during the age of the instrument to play the starting mechanism and the wisdom of the elderly and the collection of the role of collection, is the source of all cultures And the supreme spirit of power, and thus make Ami beautiful cultural wisdom can continue to activate. The kilography of the kiloma'an or ilisi, or the breeding instrument, is the sacrifice of the breeding of animals and plants and all the living materials. Since the beginning of the original social life in ancient times, it is always in turn in different seasons of the year. Rely on the supply of different nature resources, Ami ancestors in accordance with respect for the peaceful coexistence of nature and life Ancestors rely on the wisdom of life, in the face of different life challenges and alive, and each region with the geographical season, ethnic people have their own adaptation of the natural way of life, followed by the beginning and end of each season, there are A ritual ceremony that belongs to its representative rituals to strengthen the ability of ethnic groups to integrate into physical and mental adaptations, so there are hunting rituals during the hunting season, fishing season ceremonies, and agricultural season with rituals for their timing; mimatang reclamation, paloma Sowing, kiloma'an or ilisi harvesting ceremonies, the purpose of each sacrifice is to pray for flora and fauna "breeding" and then harvest. The taboo "kilis'an or ilisi" taboo "lisin or paysin" is an ancient social prohibition that is a prototype of the social law of the Amis community.
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Hung, Mei-Ling, and 洪美玲. "The influence of handicraft made with fabrics of shellflower on the life patterns in the Amis tribe: a case study of Torik." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30839173824809765480.
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碩士國立東華大學
族群關係與文化學系
99
In this paper, I adopt in-depth interview and participant observation to record and describe the scene of tribal women selling the handicrafts that made with fabric of shellflower. This study adopts the approach of subjectivity of tribal women, and it not only provides something differs with the stereotype of traditional indigenous women, and it enrich the scope condition of tribal women’s research. The fabric of shellflower is a type of traditional handicraft in Amis Tribe, and it has been phased out due to the invention of plastic materials. However, through the promotion of a local community association revived the handicraft made with fabric of shellflower. It not only increases the real income of tribal women, and also increases their personal and interpersonal growth. Local community organizations realize that due to lack of resources in remote areas, tribal women have a great shortage in terms of rights in culture, work, education, medical and welfare. This new industry helps tribal women balancing their family’s obligation and economic production, and the handicraft made with fabric of shellflower has become an important industry in the long-term promotion of local community organization. This successful experience can be a role model for other tribes.
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Chen, Shiaw-ping, and 陳孝平. "Indigenous People,Train, Nation: The Relationship Study of Taiwan Pangcah（Amis） Indigenous People and Huadong Line Railway—A Case Study of The Hualian Cikasuan Tribe." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jc73x2.
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碩士國立東華大學
民族發展與社會工作學系
101
The thesis aims to explore the relationship between Huadong Line Railway and the Pangcah(Amis) Indigenous People, with Cikasuan tribe as a case study. Literature and data are interpreted under the framework of dependency theory from developmental studies. With literature analysis and case study as the research methods, the discussion extends from the “dot-like” Cikasuan community to the “linear” Huadong Line Railway and then expands to its “macroscopic” multifaceted influences, in order to observe how Cikasuan tribe had been affected by the government intervention and what effects had been caused before and after the construction of Taidong Light Railway, Taidong Line Railway, and Huadong Line Railway, thus reflecting upon the interrelations among “indigenous people,” “railway transportation,” and “the nation.”. The thesis has found out that the government, as the designer of transportation policy for Eastern Taiwan, while carrying out its Eastern Taiwan developmental plan, had caused the land of Cikasuan tribe to be nation-owned after the occurrence of Cikasuan Incident, as the Office of Governor-General of Taiwan implemented a group migration policy on Cikasuan tribe, relocating Cikasuan people to areas along Taidong Line Railway. The thesis shows that due to the lack of land for livelihood and the government’s compulsory migration policy, Cikasuan people could no longer live in their homeland. Also, the government exploited the labor force left in Cikasuan community for enterprises and railway construction related to Eastern Taiwan development, causing collapse of tribal organization and crises in cultural identification.
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Ruo, Jung-Kang, and 羅榮康. "Historical Examination of Amis Tribes’ Canoe Culture in the Hualien Regions." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25963762603311092103.
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碩士國立臺灣體育學院
體育研究所
92
Abstract This study total used 1,188 days for researching, which is divided into 6 stages. It is a research about the canoe culture history targeted on 29 Amis tribes in Hualien Area. Structurally speaking, the history of Amis tribes in Hualien Area is used as the vertical axis of the study to develop its chronological order, and the canoe culture of Amis tribes is used as the horizontal axis of the study to construct its cultural content. In addition, this study endorses the application of the principles of archeology onto the qualitative research of physical exercise, so as to build up a new thinking logo. The citing of theories and the employment of research methods can provide us with a new eyeshot and direction; also, through the preservation of words and images, we can retrace the Amis canoe culture that has disappeared in Taiwan, so as to offer a substantial help for the next generation of Amis to recognize their own traditional culture. Through the inspection of languages, and combining methods like documents analysis, field research, and underwater archeology; this historical study is focused on the migrating route of Amis tribes throughout Hualien Area in various stages, attempting to incorporate its historic association with canoe culture. After the inspection of language, we found that there is a strong correlation between the moving trace of the central mother tongue as well as the derivative language, and the migration of tribe clans, which helps us to restrict the studying range within the migrating routes of the Amis tribes. Combining field research and document analysis, we discovered that in the fishing and hunting stage of the Amis culture, canoes were used to serve the function of tribe moving, intermarriage, trade and commerce, racing competition, also fishing and hunting. In terms of the passing down of experience, we found that the techniques of canoe operating, fishing, and fabricating are passed down by means of worshipping ceremonies; and diverse tribes and their origins are also distinguished by narrated history and different identifying totem icons. Through this research, we can elevate the research level of physical exercise from different angles and broader views; meanwhile, we can also represent the health care system of the primitive tribes with the canoe culture of Amis tribes, which are also part of the organism of Taiwanese Marine culture. Let us shed off the preconditioned stereotype that we previously possess as a race of relative superiority on the definition of physical exercise, and allow the natural physical exercise development of multi races to merge into our original mindset.
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Kao, Yu-Hsuan, and 高毓璇. "A Qualitative Research of Urban Indigenous Adolescents'' Drinking Behaviors－Examples of Taipei Amis Tribes." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27005084202350623722.
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碩士臺北醫學大學
醫學研究所
93
ABSTRACT The purpose of the present qualitative study was to explore urban indigenous adolescents’ drinking behaviors by the method of in-depth interview. In addition, this study also explored these adolescents’ social construction and the process of drinking behaviors. Snowball sampling method was employed in order to select subjects, and total 12 adolescent were interviewed. The interviews were guided and focusing on their drinking behaviors, including the reasons why they moved from their hometown, their impression of events happening in Taipei, their acclimation for school and life, other people’s viewpoints for drinking behaviors, and their own drinking experiences and process. The result of the research found that these subjects had gotten used to urban life after they moved from their hometown to Taipei city, the maladjusted phenomenon did not show when they moved from rural area to urban area. In school life, they thought the homework is difficult and too much and the teachers are more serious. Furthermore, some subjects thought their teachers do not care about them enthusiastically, and some of them also have the deviation behaviors at school. Besides, their families acquiesced in their drinking behaviors, and even some parents let them drink as well. During the harvest festival, it is also considered as an impolite behavior if adolescent refused the wine served by elder generation. Urban indigenous adolescents duplicate the drinking custom from their hometown to their urban life. Parents and their children have the same concept of “drinking a little bit is fine.” However, they do not have the definition of “a little bit” The drinking issue is still a taboo for these urban indigenous adolescents. To their points, not only indigenous people drink but also the Han people drink. In fact, some Han people also like to drink with them, and even some subjects thought that Han people drink a lot as well. In conclusion, drinking behaviors to these urban indigenous adolescents is to copy their past hometown culture or a way to oppose the traditional ethic. We have to care more about these adolescents in educational level and introspect the labeling of the mainstream culture to their behaviors.
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Chen, Shu-Chuan, and 陳淑娟. "The concept of people in the rituals of Nan-shih Ami’s Lidaw tribe and the extension of wawa’s concept study." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9ewk3y.
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博士國立東華大學
教育與潛能開發學系
105
At present, Lidaw is the most complete preserved tribe of Nan-shih Ami’s rituals. From the uniqueness of these rituals, I tried to observe the view of people in the rituals and the extension of wawa’s concept. The research field was mainly based on the Lidaw tribe of Nan-shih Ami geographical group in northern Hualien where the research participants included the old, middle-aged, adolescent generations and the tribal seniors. Ethnography and cognitive anthropology research were adopted as research methods in this study as well as using the participant observation, structural and in-depth interviews. The purpose of this study was to understand the uniqueness and relationship between Nan-shih Ami’s cultural rituals and the view of people, furthermore, to explore the wawa’s concept. Finally, to analyze the change of wawa’s image and material culture under social change. The following three research questions were explored: First, what was the uniqueness between the Nan-shih Ami’s cultural rituals and the view of people? What was their relationship? Second, what was the impact on the wawa’s concept under the Nan-shih Ami’s cultural rituals and the view of people? Third, what were the effects of wawa's image and material culture on wawa's concept under social change? The results discovered as follows: First, there were four concepts and themes related to the view of people and material culture in the rituals which includes the relationship between man and spirits, the development concept of social man in the view of people, special provisions and limits of the view of the people, as well as the concept of material culture in the rituals. Second, Ami’s wawa was associated with the spirits which were maintaining and training wawa's physical safety, while at the same time protecting and settling its soul. Third, wawa’s image and material culture were symbolic in the rituals. The external image is mainly judged from the costumes and different descriptions. In addition, the change of material culture and the view of people in the rituals was caused by social change. Fourth, the wawa’s cognition was influenced by the people’s view of Amis and the rituals. In the view of the people, we could see the cultural education of wawa with the protection and strengthening of norms. The "coming-of age ceremony" of the ritual is a new concept of age stage, with the haziness of the wawa concept. This study attempts to explore the view of people, material culture and wawa through the understanding of cultural rituals. The researcher has long been immersed in the Nan-shih Ami tribe to discover the difference of cultural internalization extent to wawa 's cognition, to observe the view of people in the rituals, and through the interpretation and recognition of tribe’s cultural memory, the concept of cultural rituals and " coming-of age ceremony " were inherently motivated.
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ming, Hu li, and 胡利明. "A Case Study on Curriculum Development for Indigenous Education at an Elementary School in Ami Tribe Region in Taitung." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pvw4f6.
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碩士國立臺東大學
教育學系(所)
96
A Case Study on Curriculum Development for Indigenous Education at an Elementary School in Ami Tribe Region in Taitung Abstract This study, having Xiao-Ma elementary school located at east coast as case study subject, try to understand the curriculum development of indigenous education in Ami region in Taitung county after the “Indigenous Education Act” was promulgated in 1998. Through semi-structural interviews, participant observations and documents analysis, this study finds that: Firstly, the background of indigenous education development in the school: During the administration of former principal (1995-2000), Mr. Huang who was an Ami indigenous people himself, "Activities for Native Place Study" came into effect. He actively introduced tribe assistant teachers into the school, established "Resource Center for Native Place Study of Ami Tribe" with the budget from the project of EPA (Educational Priority Area) by the Ministry of Education, and promoted traditional Ami art, song, dance to preserve tribal culture; At the administration of principal Lu (2000-2004) , a Puyuma indigenous people, another policy "Curriculum Guidelines for Elementary and Junior High Schools" came into operation. Principal Lu continuously kept Ami culture the center of school-based curriculum, promoted the ethnicity identification of students, and applied to the Council of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan for the budget of "Resource Classroom for Indigenous Education" to expend the "Resource Center for Native Place Study of Ami Tribe". Secondly, current decision making of curriculum development was carried on by administrative staff and three program was promoted: "2688 Excellence for New Generations Project" which was more regularly carried on recruited assistant teachers to integrate Ami song, dance and percussion music into the formal curriculum of “art and culture”; The other two, "Indigenous Special Features Development for School, Project of EPA" and "Indigenous Education Activities", were carried on as additional curriculum teaching carvings and argyle after school or on Sunday. Thus, were not so regular. Finally, the difficulties of indigenous education includes: Impact from the policy of enhancing academic subject performance, crowding out of other related projects, most of all, the lack of continuity about additional curriculum, numbers of aboriginal teachers at school and amount of budget. Prospectively, indigenous education should have a better formulating curriculum. Computer technology should be used to preserve the period piece and to market school-children’s art work. The curriculum development should connect to the local tourism. At last this research address suggestions to the school, hope to be advantageous to the development of indigenous education. Keywords: indigenous education, multicultural education, Ami tribe, school-based curriculum development
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Chu, Ya-Chi, and 朱雅琦. "The Research on the Method of Constructing Taiwan''s Aboriginal Knowledge Organization Structure: Ami Tribe''s Material Culture as an Example." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20668093477009807219.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
圖書資訊學研究所
97
In the past several years, the aboriginal knowledge organization structure has received a respectable amount of attention. However, aboriginal knowledge is commonly spread by oral tradition and rarely by inscriptions. With regards to such behavior, it’s understandable that the aboriginal knowledge organization structure is incomplete. The sole purpose of this research is to attempt to introduce a series of construction methods and procedures towards Taiwan’s aboriginal knowledge organization structure in response to the current demands of our society. It can also be served as a resource and reference for scholars and related aboriginal units in the future. In addition, this research constructs knowledge organization structure on Ami tribe’s material culture to further confirm the feasibility of the construction methods on Taiwan’s aboriginal organization structure. This research emphasizes the following points: 1.Analyze various types, characteristics, and representation forms of the knowledge organization system to determine feasible ways of presenting the aboriginal domain knowledge. 2.Study different methods of domain analysis to conclude a complete process of Taiwan’s aboriginal domain knowledge analysis. 3.Organize the essential characteristics that are vital to the development of the aboriginal knowledge organization structure based on available research papers developed on the aboriginal knowledge organization structure, further questionnaires and in-depth interviews conducted. 4.Test the applicability and feasibility of “construction methods and procedures of the knowledge organization structure” and “knowledge organization structure on Ami tribe’s material culture,” then try to discover potential problems and come up with suitable strategies. Results Identified: 1.Classification scheme is currently the most suitable type of knowledge organization structure to present the domain knowledge of Taiwan’s aborigines. 2.The whole process of Taiwan’s aboriginal domain knowledge analysis should be carried out in three stages: -1st stage: Confirm the scope of Taiwan’s aboriginal knowledge organization structure. -2nd stage: Construct Taiwan’s aboriginal knowledge organization structure. -3rd stage: Conduct structure testing. 3.Essential characteristics of aboriginal knowledge that is critical to the construction of aboriginal knowledge organization structure include: -The content of aboriginal knowledge is changeable and capable of being different. -The upper-level of the aboriginal knowledge organization structure have common view points while the basis used to classify aboriginal knowledge is diverse. -The knowledge possessed by aboriginals is fragmented and limited. -The literature that is related to aboriginal knowledge is restricted. 4.The analyzed result of “constructing methods and procedures of knowledge organization structure” and “knowledge organization structure on Ami tribe’s material culture” highlights the importance for bottom-up and top-down methods to coexist, cooperate, and execute concurrently. Suggestions: 1.Prior to the construction of Taiwan’s aboriginal knowledge organization structure, the objective and purpose of constructing the structure should be identified first. 2.Prior to the construction of Taiwan’s aboriginal knowledge organization structure, the content that the structure expects to cover should be confirmed and, the time and space dimensions that will be adopted should also be determined. 3.During the construction of Taiwan’s aboriginal knowledge organization structure, aboriginal scholars, non-aboriginal scholars, and library and information specialists should participate and administer cooperatively. 4.Lastly, the focus group method should be brought into the structure confirmation process in order to draft a Taiwan’s aboriginal knowledge organization structure that is approved by all aboriginal scholars.
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Puginier, Oliver [Verfasser]. "Hill tribes struggling for a land deal : participatory land use planning in northern Thailand amid controversial policies / von Oliver Puginier." 2002. http://d-nb.info/964728591/34.
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