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Journal articles on the topic 'Ammonium chloride ftir spectrum'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Sivasankari, B., and P. Selvarajan. "Growth and Characterization of ULMA Single Crystals Doped with Ammonium Chloride." Journal of Materials 2013 (March 31, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/216732.

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Single crystals of pure and ammonium chloride-doped urea L-malic acid (ULMA) were grown by slow evaporation technique. Many interesting results on several properties of ammonium chloride impurity added to ULMA single crystals have been observed and studied. The different morphology of ammonium chloride-doped ULMA crystals was noticed and the effect of ammonium chloride doping on the growth, optical, and hardness properties has been investigated. The presence of functional groups has been estimated by FTIR analysis. The lattice parameters of the grown crystals were studied by single crystal X-r

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2

Li, Li Wei, Qing Guo Tang, Jin Sheng Liang, Fei Wang, and Chong Yan Ren. "Effect of Surface Active Agent on Defibering for Sepiolite Fiber Bundles." Advanced Materials Research 96 (January 2010): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.96.49.

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The cationic surfactant-octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was added to the mixture of sepiolite powders and water with mechanical stirring. The effect of cationic surfactant on the defibering of fiber bundles was studied. The samples were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), bulk density, scanning electron microscope (SEM), FT-IR spectrum (FTIR) and thermal conductivity. The results indicated that the surface active agent could protect the structure of sepiolite fibers effectively, the bulk density and the thermal conductivity of the fibers could reach 0.06g/cm3 and 0.042W/(m.K), resp

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3

S., Anitha, Ganapathi M., and Ravi A. "SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTITUTED SULFONAMIDE BEARING IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION." International Journal of Applied and Advanced Scientific Research 1, no. 2 (2017): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.256148.

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The sulfonamide bearing imidazole derivatives have been synthesized via two stages of chemical reactions. In a first stage, various substituted benzaldehyde condensed with benzil and ammonium acetate in presence L-Proline served as green catalyst. In a second stage, the series of substituted imidazole derivatives were reacted with benzene sulfonyl chloride in the presence of triethyl amine base. All synthesized compounds were characterized by various spectral techniques like UV-Visible, FTIR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectral analysis respectively. UV- Visible and FTIR spectra of each of the synth

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4

Li, He Ping, Yang Hu, Hu Qiang Lv, Yong Zhe Yang, and Yao Zhang. "Synthesis of Double Crosslinked Amphoteric Cassava Starch Resin and Performance of Absorbing Cu (II)." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 588–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.588.

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Sodium polyphosphate-crosslinked starch was synthesized by using cassava starch and sodium polyphosphate as main material and crosslinked agent individually. On above basis, double crosslinked amphoteric cassava starch resin was synthesized by N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide as inner-crosslinked agent, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) and acrylic acid as amphoteric grafted monomer. The product was characterized by infrared spectrum (FTIR). The results indicate that the cassava starch was modified successfully, and the final product was double crosslinked amphoteric cassava starch resin

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5

Lu, Yan Hua, and Jia Qi Wang. "Preparation and Antimicrobial Activity of N-(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylamine) Propyl Chitosan Chloride Nanoparticles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.55.

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N-(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylamine) propyl chitosan chloride (HTCC) nanoparticles were prepared through two-step method using chitosan with low molecular weight and high degree of deacetylation. H of-NH2of chitosan was replaced with quaternary ammonium salt groups to form HTCC. HTCC was further modified by ion sol-gel reaction with sodium tripolyphosphate, the reaction can be in the dispersion under the action of Span-80, and the ionic bonds formed between phosphate group of sodium tripolyphosphate and the amino group in HTCC main chain, well dispersed HTCC nanoparticles with a average diameter of

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6

Li, Chengtao, Deyi Kong, Xiaolong Yao, Xiaotao Ma, Chunhui Wei, and Hong Wang. "Resource Recycling Utilization of Distillers Grains for Preparing Cationic Quaternary Ammonium—Ammonium Material and Adsorption of Acid Yellow 11." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (2022): 2469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042469.

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Using distillers grains (DG) as raw material after pre-treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and modified with cationic etherification agent 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC), cationic quaternary ammonium distillers grains adsorption material (CDG) was successfully prepared. The optimal adsorption conditions were an adsorption temperature of 25 °C, adsorption time of 180 min, amount of adsorbent at 8.5 g/L, initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L, and pH of dye solution 7.0. The structure of CDG was characterized by FTIR, EDS, SEM, BET, ultraviolet spectrum analysis, a

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7

Rasheed, Rashed T., Liblab S. Jassim, Hamsa A. Easa, and Shaymaa H. Khazaal. "Preparation and Characterization of CuO Nanoparticles Prepared by Chemical Method." Materials Science Forum 1021 (February 2021): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1021.68.

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Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were prepared by the sol-gel method, by the reaction of copper chloride and ammonium hydroxide as procurers. Nanopowders are annealing at different temperatures (100 °C, 200 °C, and 600 °C) for 120 min and confirmed the monoclinic phase by X-ray diffraction analysis of the metal oxide with lattice parameters a = 4.694 Å, b = 3.456 Å and c = 5.165Å for annealing temperature 400°C. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Visible Spectroscopy spectrum was used to determine the str

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8

K.Sarjuna and D.Ilangeswaran. "Synthesis of some metal/metal sulfide nanoparticles using a superior dissolvable media- Malonic acid (MA) based Deep Eutectic Solvents[DES]." Abstracts of International Conferences & Meetings (AICM) 1, no. 5 (2021): 14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371643.

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<strong>Introduction</strong>: A DES may be a liquid upto 100 °C, composed of two or three cheap and safe components (1). However, the widely used method for the preparation of DES is that the heating method (2). Increasing applications of nanoparticles (NPs), such as metal oxide and metal sulfide NPs, lead to heightened environmental concern. The prepared DESs were used as a medium to synthesize cadmium and mercury sulfide nanoparticles via chemical co-precipitation method. Cadmium NPs were synthesised by cadmium (II) chloride with yellow Ammonium sulfide and Mercury NPs by mercury (II) c

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9

Dhlamini, Khanyisile S., Cyril T. Selepe, Bathabile Ramalapa, et al. "Dual Antimicrobial Activity of HTCC and Its Nanoparticles: A Synergistic Approach for Antibacterial and Antiviral Applications Through Combined In Silico and In Vitro Studies." Polymers 16, no. 21 (2024): 2999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16212999.

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N-(2-hydroxyl) propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), a quaternized chitosan derivative, has been shown to exhibit a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, especially against bacteria and enveloped viruses. Despite this, molecular docking studies showing its atomic-level mechanisms against these microorganisms are scarce. Here, for the first time, we employed molecular docking analyses to investigate the potential antibacterial activity of HTCC against Staphylococcus aureus and its antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). According to the findings, H

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10

Moya, Roger, Johanna Gaitán-Álvarez, Alexander Berrocal, and Karla J. Merazzo. "In Situ Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Wood Composite Properties of Three Tropical Species." Materials 15, no. 9 (2022): 3394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093394.

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Magnetic wood is a composite material that achieves harmony between both woody and magnetic functions through the active addition of magnetic characteristics to the wood itself. In addition to showing magnetic characteristics, magnetic wood offers low specific gravity, humidity control and acoustic absorption ability. It has potential for broad applications in the fields of electromagnetic wave absorption, electromagnetic interference shielding, furniture, etc. This work reports on the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) in wood from three tropical species (Pinus oocarpa, Vochysia ferrugine

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11

Tejada-Tovar, Candelaria, Ángel Villabona-Ortíz, and Ángel Darío Gonzalez-Delgado. "Adsorption of Azo-Anionic Dyes in a Solution Using Modified Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Mesocarp: Kinetic and Equilibrium Study." Water 13, no. 10 (2021): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13101382.

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The effect of adsorbent dose and initial concentration on removing the azo-anionic dyes Congo Red andtartrazine present in a synthetic aqueous solution was studied using natural cellulose (CC) and modified cationic cellulose (MCC) from coconut mesocarp. Three levels of adsorbent dosage (5, 8 and 12 mg/L) and initial concentration (40, 70 and 100 mg/L) were used. Cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) was used as a modifying agent. TGA and DSC showed that the extracted cellulose was of good quality, composed mostly of cellulose with lignin and hemicellulose traces, and 8% moisture. The FTIR s

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12

Srinivas Ravi, Manoj, Chinnannan Karthik, Indra Arulselvi Padikasan, and Ying Ma. "Alleviation of Cr(VI) Toxicity and Improve Phytostabilization Potential of Vigna radiata Using a Novel Cr(VI) Reducing Multi-Stress-Tolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterial Strain Bacillus flexus M2." Agronomy 12, no. 12 (2022): 3079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12123079.

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Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal discharged into the environment through various anthropogenic sources, which affects soil properties and fertility. Hence, an effective soil restoration strategy is the need of the hour. In this study, a potent Cr(VI)-reducing strain M2 was isolated from the rhizosphere of Zea mays L. grown in leather industrial effluent contaminated sites and identified as Bacillus flexus through 16S rDNA sequencing. Strain M2 exhibited strong tolerance to multi-stresses such as temperature (up to 45 °C), pH (up to 9.0), Sodium chloride (NaCl) (up to 7%) and PEG 6000 (up t

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13

Ahmad, Nur Hidayah, and M. I. N. Isa. "Structural and Ionic Conductivity Studies of CMC Based Polymerelectrolyte Doped with NH4Cl." Advanced Materials Research 1107 (June 2015): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1107.247.

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The present study aims to investigate the structural and ionic conductivity of carboxymethyl cellulose - ammonium chloride as proton conducting polymer electrolytes. The complexion of polymer electrolyte films has been confirmed via FTIR studies. The conductivity enhancement with the addition of ammonium chloride concentration was proved due to the increase in amorphous nature of the films as evidenced by XRD analysis. Impedance studies indicate that the highest ionic conductivity of 1.43 x 10-3 Scm-1 was observed with the addition of 16 wt.% ammonium chloride in polymer electrolyte system obt

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14

Mydhili, B., Ancy Albert, and C. O. Sreekala. "Mixed Organic Halide Perovskite Energy Harvester for Solar Cells." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2426, no. 1 (2023): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2426/1/012044.

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Abstract Organic- inorganic hybrid perovskite shows promising properties such as optical, electrical, and magnetic. To address issues in the standard methylammonium lead iodide perovskite such as toxicity and stability, lead was replaced with Cu in metal ion part and iodine replaced by chlorine in the anionic position. In this work, methyl ammonium copper chloride (MA2CuCl4) and phenyl ethyl ammonium copper chloride (PEA2CuCl4) were synthesised. Optical and structural property variations of solution obtained by mixing MA2CuCl4 and PEA2CuCl4 in 1:1 ratio was studied. Methylammonium lead iodide

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15

Gökce, Halil, and Semiha Bahçeli. "Vibrational Analysis of Trimethylphenyl Ammonium Chloride." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 64, no. 1-2 (2009): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2009-1-218.

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An FT-IR spectrum of trimethylphenyl ammonium chloride (TMPAC) has been recorded in the region 4000 - 400 cm−1. The optimized geometry and vibrational spectrum TMPAC in the ground state have been calculated by using ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) calculations and the density functional method B3LYP with the 6-31G (d) basis set. The obtained vibrational frequencies and optimized geometric parameters (bond lengths and bond angles) were in very good agreement with the experimental data. The comparison of the observed and calculated results for the vibrational frequencies of TMPAC exhibited that the

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16

Miao, Zong Cheng, Fang Wang, Deng Deng, Yong Ming Zhang, Xiao Ping Huo, and Lei Wang. "Preparation of Novel Gemini Quaternary Ammonium Salt Cationic Surfactant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 1433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.1433.

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In order to obtain some novel cationic surfactants with high surface activity, n-octadecyldimethylamine and epichlorohydrin were used to synthesize 2-hydroxy-1, 3-dis (chloride octadecyl dimethyl ammonium) propane, which was a kind of gemini quaternary ammonium salt. N-octadecyldimethylamine and epichlorohydrin were used to prepare active epoxy intermediate glycidyloctadecyldimethyl ammonium chlorided, and then glycidyloctadecyldimethyl ammonium chlorided was reacted with octadecyldimethyl amine hydrochloride to synthesize the gemini cationic surfactant. FTIR and 1H NMR were used to represent

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17

Mi, Yingqi, Wenqiang Tan, Jingjing Zhang, et al. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Antifungal Property of Hydroxypropyltrimethyl Ammonium Chitosan Halogenated Acetates." Marine Drugs 16, no. 9 (2018): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md16090315.

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Hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan halogenated acetates were successfully synthesized from six different haloacetic acids and hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) with high substitution degree, which are hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan bromacetate (HACBA), hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan chloroacetate (HACCA), hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan dichloroacetate (HACDCA), hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan trichloroacetate (HACTCA), hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan difluoroacetate (HACDFA), and hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitos

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18

Haktaniyan, Meltem, Richa Sharma, and Mark Bradley. "Size-Controlled Ammonium-Based Homopolymers as Broad-Spectrum Antibacterials." Antibiotics 12, no. 8 (2023): 1320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12081320.

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Ammonium group containing polymers possess inherent antimicrobial properties, effectively eliminating or preventing infections caused by harmful microorganisms. Here, homopolymers based on monomers containing ammonium groups were synthesized via Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization (RAFT) and evaluated as potential antibacterial agents. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive (M. luteus and B. subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and S. typhimurium). Three polymers, poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)eth

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19

Wang, Yufeng, Kefu Chen, Lihuan Mo, and Huiren Hu. "A cationic polyacrylamide dispersion synthesis by dispersion polymerization in aqueous solution." BioResources 6, no. 3 (2011): 3087–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.3.3087-3095.

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A cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) dispersion, the copolymer of acrylamide (AM) and acryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC), has been synthesized through dispersion polymerization in aqueous ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) solution. The polymerization was initiated by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and ferrisulfas (FeSO4) using poly(dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) (PDMDAAC) as the stabilizer. At the optimal reaction conditions, the relative molecular weight of the CPAM dispersion was 4.2×106, its charge density was 2.2 mmol·g-1, its average particle size was 6.01 μm, and its stabilit

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20

Inayat, Shamaila, Sajid Rashid Ahmad, Sana Javaid Awan, and Muhammad Nawshad. "Ammonium chloride and urea based deep eutectic solvent: toxicological and antioxidant profile Authors." International Journal of Natural Medicine and Health Sciences 2, no. 1 (2022): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52461/ijnms.v2i1.1260.

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In the present study, the toxicity potential of ammonium chloride and urea-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) was studied. A homogeneous DES solution was obtained by heating at 60°C for 20 minutes. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used to verify the synthesis. The toxicity profiling of ammonium-based DES was performed using in vitro cell lines (fibroblast growth factor) and microbes (fungi, Gram positive and gram negative bacteria) and in vivo model organism (fish). DES was found to the had maximum zone of inhibition against tested bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus) an

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21

Wang, Liyan, Yue Zhang, Limin Ding, et al. "Synthesis and physiochemical properties of novel gemini surfactants with phenyl-1,4-bis(carbamoylmethyl) spacer." RSC Advances 5, no. 91 (2015): 74764–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra13616d.

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A series of novel gemini surfactants, namely, phenyl-1,4-bis[(carbamoylmethyl) N,N-(dimethylalkyl ammonium chloride)] (a, b and c), was synthesized systematically and characterized by FTIR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR and MS.

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22

Andrade, Daniela de Lourdes A. C. S., Wildemberg A. Freire, Sueila S. Araújo, et al. "Organophilization of Four Differents Bentonitic Clays with a Quaternary Ammonium Salt." Materials Science Forum 498-499 (November 2005): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.498-499.67.

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Organophilic Bentonities clays are widely used for industrial purposes, as components of petroleum drilling fluids as well as in cosmetics, lubricants adhesives and paints. Most recent they have been used as fillers in polymer nanocomposites. In this work, three organophilic bentonitic clays from the distric of Boa Vista and one from Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, were synthesized and characterized. The four clays were treated with a quaternary chloride ammonium salt- dimethyl benzyl ammonium alkyl chloride (Dodigen 1611) provided by Chemco. The cation exchange and swelling capacities of the modi

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23

Nguyen, Thi Thanh Hien, Shu Jun Li, Jian Li, Yan Jin, and Nan Xue Liu. "Synthesis of a Bi-Quaternary Ammonium Salt from Rosin and its Inhibition to some Wood Decay Fungi." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.478.

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An anti-fungal derivative of rosin, bi-quaternary ammonium salt (B-QAS) was synthesized. First, rosin was modified by acrylic acid. Then using this modified rosin reacted with an intermediate quaternary ammonium (epoxy propyl triethyl ammonium chloride) which was the reaction product of triethylamine and epichlorohydrin. The final product was bisN-(3-rosin acyloxy -2-hydroxy) propyl-N, N triethyl ammonium chloride. The chemical structure of the product and its functional groups was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Its yield of greater than 80% was conformed by h

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24

Wu, Xiu Li, Pi Xin Wang, and Ya Cui Guo. "Preparation and Characterization of Graft Copolymer of Acryloyloxyethyl-Trimethylammonium Chloride and Starch." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 1977–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.1977.

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Using ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator, a series of cationic starch— acyrloxyethyl-trimethylammonium chloride (DAC) graft copolymers containing quaternary ammonium groups were prepared in aqueous solution. The results showed that the cationic graft copolymer of high cationic degree (DC) could be obtained in this reaction system. The maximum DC of 53.68% was achieved with ASP/starch mass percentage 1.0%, m(DAC):m(starch) = 2.5,at 50°C and reaction time 8h. Structures of the graft copolymers were characterized by FTIR, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermo-gravimetric/different

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25

Sivalingam, Deebankarthikeyan, Hemalatha Elangovan, Manikandan Subramanian, Senthil Kumar Kandasamy, and Murugesan Govindasamy. "Synthesis and Characterization of PANI/Ferric Chloride Composite for Fabrication of Electrodes in Supercapacitor." Advanced Materials Research 768 (September 2013): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.768.334.

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The main objective of this work is to synthesize polyaniline/ferric chloride composite and to measure the conductivity of the as prepared composite. And also, to analyze the ability of using Ferric Chloride doped polyaniline as an electrode material for the fabrication of supercapacitor application. By in-situ polymerization method, polyaniline in pure form and doped form with the ferric chloride were synthesized using ammonium persulfate as initiator in HCl medium. Polyaniline nanoparticles and its composite are characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD and Conductivity meter.

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26

Klinpituksa, Pairote, Nurhayatee Chekmae, and Salinee Borthoh. "2-(Methacryloyloxyethyl) Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride Grafted onto Natural Rubber in Latex State." Advanced Materials Research 1105 (May 2015): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1105.293.

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The grafting of polar vinyl monomers onto natural rubber is usually investigated to modify specific properties of natural rubber. The aim of this research was to graft copolymerize 2-(methacryloyloxyethyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAETAC) onto natural rubber (NR), using cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) and tetraethylene pentamine (TEPA) as a redox initiator system. The effects of the initiator system, the monomer, and the reaction temperature and time on grafting were investigated. The grafted product was characterized by FTIR spectrophotometry. The grafting tendency was determined by using the

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27

Liu, Quan Xiao, Jin Li Li, and Wen Cai Xu. "Preparation and Application of Starch-Acrylamide-Diallyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride Graft Copolymer." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.403.

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The starch-acrylamide-diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride graft copolymer (St-AMDADMAC copolymer) was prepared firstly. Then the synthesized St-AM-DADMAC copolymer was analyzed by FTIR and SEM. Finally the synthesized St-AM-DADMAC copolymers were applied in making packaging paper, the first pass retention and the mechanical properties of the made packaging paper were determined. The FTIR of St-AM-DADMAC copolymer indicated that AM and DADMAC can be grafted in the chain of starch. The SEM of starch and St-AM-DADMAC copolymer indicated that the surface of starch had been changed obviously by graf

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28

Deepthi, B. V., and Sobana Raj C. Isac. "Amalgamation, characterization and biological assay of benzyltrimethylammonium chloride." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 28, no. 2 (2023): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/282rjce76081.

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The year 2020 appeared to be a massive loss of human population due to the COVID-19 virus. During that period of time, different medicines were utilised as disinfectants to minimise the spread of the virus. Among those, quaternary ammonium compounds were the most likely to be utilised as disinfectants. In this study, a quaternary ammonium compound namely benzyl-trimethylammonium chloride was synthesised at 0.1N to 0.8N concentrations and tested to find the activities of bacteria and fungi. Since this compound prosperously acts against bacteria and fungi, it can also truncate the spread of dise

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Sari, Asdani Muatika, Ani Suryani, Puspa Dewi Lotulung, and Silvester Tursiloadi. "Preparation of Alkyl Halide as Intermediate Compound in Synthesis Cationic Surfactant Alkyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride." Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia 19, no. 1 (2017): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jkti.v19i1.327.

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Cationic surfactant alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was synthesized by quartenerisation of tertiary amines. Materials used in quartenerization are tertiary amine and alkyl halide. Alkyl halide is a hydrocarbon derivative in which one or more hydrogen is replaced with halogen. In this research, thionyl chloride is used as a reactant . Thionyl chloride (SOCl2) is often used because it is easier to make, the yield is greater and byproducts are volatile. Alkyl halide is synthesized from the reaction of hexadecyl alcohol with thionyl chloride (SOCl2) at a temperature of 80 C for 24 hours in a ref

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30

Rudati, Paula Santi, Yumna Dzakiyyah, Richie Fane, Maria Artha Febriyanti Turnip, Muhammad Tegar Pambudi, and Priastuti Wulandari. "Biopolymer Kappa Carrageenan with Ammonium Chloride as Electrolyte for Potential Application in Organic Battery." Key Engineering Materials 950 (July 31, 2023): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-fw7xiu.

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Carrageenan is a generic name for a family of natural, water-soluble, sulphated galactans isolated from red seaweeds and exploited commercially. The biopolymer of kappa carrageenan has been known to be used as electrolyte in electrochemical device since it shows good ionic conductivity characteristic. In this study, we attempt to study the chemical, morphology, and electric properties of biopolymer kappa carrageenan. We developed a free-standing film of kappa carrageenan with addition of ammonium chloride as an electrolyte for an organic battery prototype. We prepared the solution by mixing ka

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31

Sun, Wei, Wen-li Liu, and Yue-hua Hu. "FTIR analysis of adsorption of poly diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride on kaolinite." Journal of Central South University of Technology 15, no. 3 (2008): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11771-008-0070-3.

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32

Sun, Wein Min, Guang Cheng Zhang, Meng Meng Su, He Lin Li, and Xia Lei. "Synthesis, Characterization and Floculating Properties of Coply(AM-DAC) in Water and Wastewater Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.1369.

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A cationic polymeric flocculant was synthesized through solution polymerization. The polymerization was initiated by acrylamide and Aacryloxyethyltrimethyl Ammonium Chloride(DAC) monomers, and ammonium persulfate and sodium sulfite as redox initiation system. The copolymer obtained was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Its flocculating properties were evaluated by turbidity removal with clay suspensions, turbidity and COD removal with sewage using standard jar tests. The results demonstrate that the copolymer can be used as a kind of cationic polymeric flocculant

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Kostyukova, Diana, and Yong Hee Chung. "Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Isobutanol." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4982675.

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Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation in isobutanol with sodium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide. The isobutanol played a role of a surfactant in the synthesis. The nanoparticles were calcined for 100 min to 5 hours in the range of 300 to 600°C. The characterization of the samples by FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) and XRD (X-ray diffraction) confirmed the formation ofγ-Fe2O3(maghemite) from Fe3O4(magnetite) at calcination at 300°C. The morphology and particle size were studied by SEM (scanning electron microscope). Nanoparticles in the range of 11–22 nm prepared at 0.09

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Liu, Guangtian. "Cationic vinyl monomer-grafted polypropylene preparation and its use as a compatibilizer for polypropylene/poly(vinyl chloride) blends." Journal of Polymer Engineering 35, no. 3 (2015): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2014-0098.

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Abstract Grafting polymerization is a valuable method for the modification of the chemical and physical properties of polymer surfaces. In this paper, the grafting of cationic vinyl monomer with quaternary ammonium groups, i.e., methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC), onto the isotactic polypropylene (iPP) granule was performed by the suspension solid-state grafting process. The technique offers new opportunities in modification of polyolefins, which has advantages of being solventless and having a lower process temperature. The grafted PP [PP-g-(St-co-DMC)] was systematically char

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Li, Jiu, Xue Jing Song, and Rong Jie Yang. "Synthesis and Characterization of N,N-Dimethyl Dodecyl-(4-Vinyl Benzyl) Ammonium Chloride." Key Engineering Materials 575-576 (September 2013): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.71.

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In this investigation, dodecyl dimethyl (vinylbenzyl) ammonium chloride is synthesized through the reaction between 4-vinylbenzyl chloride and N,N-dimethyl-dodecylamine. This resultant compound is characterized by H-NMR, FTIR, TGA, and antibacterial assays. It is found that this chemical reaction is achievable. Moreover, it is also observed that this compound have good thermal ability, and its decomposition temperature is 207°C. The antibacterial tests prove that it have excellent antibacterial abilities against E.coli and S. aureus. Therefore, these results are demonstrated that it can be app

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D., Sangamithirai, Dhanavel S., Narayanan V., and Stephen A. "Synthesis and characterization of novel poly(o-anisidine)/graphene multifunctional nanocomposite." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 92, May 2015 (2015): 784–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5704116.

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Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, India <em>E-mail</em> : stephen_arum@hotmail.com Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, India Poly(<em>o</em>-anisidine)/graphene (POA/G) nanocomposites were synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of o-anisidine with ammonium persulfate as an oxidant in the presence of graphene nanoparticles. The polymer nanocomposite was characterized by using FTIR, Raman and XRD techniques. The structure was characterized by XRD. FTIR spectrum confirms that the poly

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Cao, Zhi Ling, Wei Wei Liu, Jian Jun Xiong, Na Qu, Hong Xia Li, and Guo Wei Yao. "Synthesis and Properties of N,N-Dimethyl-O-Quaternary Ammonium Chitosan." Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (October 2010): 1337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.1337.

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N,N-dimethyl-O-quaternary ammonium chitosan(NNQAC) was synthesized from chitosan by N-dimethylation then quaternized by 2,3-epoxy propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. The structure of NNQAC was characterized by FTIR. Properties of quaternary ammonium chitosans, including solubility, antimicrobial activity, water-absorption and water-retention ability, were investigated. The results showed that NNQAC was water–soluble in neutral and basic environments. The moisture-absorption and retention abilities of NNQAC were higher than that of chitosan and equivalent to hyaluronic acid. The antibacterial a

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Echeverría, Gustavo A., Oscar E. Piro, Beatriz S. Parajón-Costa, and Enrique J. Baran. "Synthesis and Characterization of Ammonium Acesulfamate." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 69, no. 6 (2014): 737–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2014-4061.

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Ammonium acesulfamate, (NH4)C4H4NO4S, was prepared by the reaction of acesulfamic acid and ammonium carbonate in aqueous solution, and characterized by elemental analysis and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Its crystal and molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The substance crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with Z = 4 molecules per unit cell. The NH4+ ion generates medium to strong hydrogen bonds with the carbonylic oxygen, the iminic nitrogen and the sulfonyl oxygen atoms of the acesulfamate anion. The FTIR spectrum of the compound was al

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Liu, Runqing, Hongyu Lu, Li Wang, Mengjie Tian, and Wei Sun. "Utilization of Ammonium Chloride as a Novel Selective Depressant in Reverse Flotation of Potassium Chloride." Minerals 9, no. 1 (2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9010041.

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The separation of sylvite (KCl) and halite (NaCl), two main minerals in potash ores, is difficult because of the high ion concentration, fine particles of NaCl, and aggregation of KCl and NaCl in the saturated system. This study employed ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as a new depressant and dodecyl morpholine as a collector in the reverse flotation process. The depressing mechanisms were studied by adsorption capacity experiments, infrared spectral analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations. The flotation tests showed that NaCl recovery increased to 97% after the addition of NH4Cl, while KCl rec

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Anisah, V. K. Sari, M. A. F. Turnip, P. Wulandari, and P. S. Rudati. "Physical and Chemical Characterization of Commercial Kappa-Carrageenan with Ammonium Chloride as Electrolyte in Organic Battery Application." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2734, no. 1 (2024): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2734/1/012042.

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Abstract In this research, we attempt to investigate the difference in physical and chemical characteristics of commercial kappa-carrageenan and purified kappa-carrageenan as electrolytes in organic battery applications. Kappa-carrageenan was used as a host polymer to prepare biopolymer electrolyte films and ammonium chloride was used to enhance the charge transport process in the electrolyte layer of the organic battery. We characterized the physical and chemical properties of commercial kappa-carrageenan and purified kappa-carrageenan by use of UV-Vis spectroscopy, tensile-test measurement,

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Zhang, Hu, and Fu Rong Zhou. "Study on Synthesis of Alkynoxymethyl Benzyl Quaternary Ammonium Salt and its Corrosion Inhibition for Blast Furnace Gas Pipeline." Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (October 2014): 684–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.684.

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Two kinds of alkynoxymethyl benzyl quaternary ammonium salt (ABQAS) were synthesized by raw materials of paraformaldehyde, propiolic alcohol, organic amine, benzyl chloride and ethanol under nitrogen protection, toluene as carrying agent. The products were characterized by FTIR. According to the characteristics of blast furnace gas pipeline, quaternary ammonium salt type compound corrosion inhibitor formulas were designed, and their corrosion inhibition performance were evaluated by weight-loss method and electrochemical method. The results showed that the products were synthesized as expected

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Ng, Yee Shui, Zhong Xian Ooi, Yi Peng Teoh, and Mei Lee Ooi. "Modification of corncob-derived cellulose using Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Propylene Carbonate." E3S Web of Conferences 603 (2025): 02010. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202560302010.

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This study reported the modification of corncob cellulose using propylene carbonate and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to impart the desired functionalities. The modified corncob cellulose was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and zeta potential. Different parameters were studied in modifying functionalities of corncob cellulose, i.e., the ratio of CTAB and propylene carbonate, retention time and temperature. After modification, an increase in weight percent was obtained. According to the FTIR spectrum, there was

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Matteson, A., J. P. Tomanic, M. M. Herron, D. F. Allen, and W. E. Kenyon. "NMR Relaxation of Clay/Brine Mixtures." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 3, no. 05 (2000): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/66185-pa.

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Summary Effective interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logs in shaly sands requires an understanding of the NMR contribution of clays. Of particular importance is the role of clays in the rapidly relaxing part of the NMR signal. In this study we measured the transverse relaxation time spectrum T2 of brine mixed with four clays (illite, smectite, kaolinite and glauconite) as a function of compaction. The Larmor frequency was 2 MHz and the echo spacing 0.16 ms. Mild compaction was achieved by centrifuging the clay slurry at three successive pressures ranging from 1 to 125 psi. High

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Yahaya Subhan, Ri Hanum, S. K. Deraman, and N. S. Mohamed. "Effects of Bu₃MeNTf₂N Ionic Liquid Addition on Conductivity of PVC-NH₄Tf Polymer Electrolytes." Advanced Materials Research 1107 (June 2015): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1107.194.

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Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) with poly (vinyl) chloride (PVC) doped with a fixed amount of ammonium trifluoro methane sulfonate (NH4Tf) and with varying concentrations of ionic liquid butyltrimethyl ammonium bis (trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (Bu3MeNTf2N) were synthesised via solution cast technique. PVC-NH4Tf-Bu3MeNTf2N-based SPEs with 15 weight % Bu3MeNTf2N exhibit conductivity of 1.56 x 10-4 Scm-1 at room temperature. The ionic conductivity is attributed to the dissociation of NH4Tf facilitated by Bu3MeNTf2N. Results of XRD indicate that the most amorphous film has the highest conduc

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Su, Na, and Zheng Min Cao. "Preparation and Characterization of Poly(Dimethyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride)/Modified SiO₂ Spherical Brushes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 731 (January 2015): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.731.569.

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Novel cationic spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (CSPB) consisting of γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy-silane (KH-570) modified SiO2cores and poly (Dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) (PDMDAAC) brushes were prepared by conventional free radical polymerization. The resulting CSPB were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). After cleaving the polyelectrolyte chains from the anchoring surface, the molecular weight of brushes was 1.824×103gmol-1from Gel Permea

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Abimbola, Ogunsipe, and Opeolu Sunday. "Synthesis, Characterization and Photostability Studies on Aluminium Phthalocyanine Chloride." Chemistry Research Journal 5, no. 3 (2020): 136–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12589098.

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<strong>Abstract </strong>The synthesis, characterization and photostability studies of aluminium phthalocyanine chloride are hereby presented. Aluminium phthalocyanine chloride was synthesized by a solvent-free procedure involving microwave irradiation of a mixture of hydrated zinc chloride and 1,2-dicyanobenzene (phthalonitrile); the product was thoroughly purified and dried. The percentage yield was 83.4 %. The characterization of the blue product was done via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Visible spectrophotometry, and the results were satisfactory. In the FTIR spec

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Liu, Quan Xiao, Jin Li Li, and Wen Cai Xu. "Preparation and Properties of Cationic Starch with High Degree of Substitution." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 1264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.1264.

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Using sodium hydroxide as its alkali catalyzer, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride as its quaternary agents, cationic starch with high degree of substitution was made by semi-dry process. The prepared cationic starch contains quaternary ammonium groups by the infrared spectrum analysis. From the scan electron microscope pictures of starch and cationic starch, cationic starch can be clearly seen to have substituted the quaternary ammonium salt groups and the structure of mutual penetration of flexible quaternary ammonium salt groups and rigid starch has formed. The tensile str

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Rahayu, Aster, Dhias Cahya Hakika, Nafira Alfi Zaini Amrillah, and Veranica Veranica. "Synthesis and characterization of ammonium polymer for anion removal in aqueous solutions." Polimery 68, no. 10 (2023): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2023.10.3.

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In a one-step thermal process using 2-[(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (META), an ammonium polymer was successfully obtained for the removal of anions (nitrates, nitrites, and phosphates) from aqueous solutions. Ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) was used as a cross-linking agent. The effect of cross-linking agent, porogen, and polymerization time on the structure and physical properties of the obtained polymer was examined (FTIR, SEM, BET, elemental analysis). The optimal conditions for META synthesis were a monomer to porogen ratio of 20:80, 75% functional monomer content and a

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DE LORENZI, A., S. GIORGIANNI, and R. BINI. "High-resolution FTIR spectrum of vinyl chloride: rovibrational analysis of thev10andv11fundamental bands." Molecular Physics 98, no. 6 (2000): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268970009483300.

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Etale, Anita, Dineo S. Nhlane, Alseno K. Mosai, et al. "Synthesis and application of cationised cellulose for removal of Cr(VI) from acid mine-drainage contaminated water." AAS Open Research 4 (January 21, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.13182.1.

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Background: Acid mine drainage (AMD) leads to contamination of surface and ground water by high levels of toxic metals including chromium. In many cases, these waters are sources of drinking water for communities, and treatment is therefore required before consumption to prevent negative health effects. Methods: Cationised hemp cellulose was prepared by etherification with two quaternary ammonium salts: 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) and examined for (i) the efficiency of Cr(VI) removal under acid mine-drainage (AMD)

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