Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ammonium quaternaire polymere

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Ammonium quaternaire polymere'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ammonium quaternaire polymere"

1

Itsuno, Shinichi, Miyuki Takahashi, Yukihiro Arakawa, and Naoki Haraguchi. "Synthesis of polymers containing chiral 1,2-diamine derivatives and their application to asymmetric reactions." Pure and Applied Chemistry 79, no. 9 (January 1, 2007): 1471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200779091471.

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Polymer-supported chiral 1,2-diamine derivatives have been prepared. The polymers containing free 1,2-diamine moiety were applied to enantioselective hydrogenation catalyst by combination with RuCl2-BINAP complex. Asymmetric hydrogenation of aromatic ketones was performed by means of the polymeric catalyst derived from these polymers to give the chiral secondary alcohols with high ee in quantitative conversion. The polymers containing 1,2-diamine monosulfonamide were applied to enantioselective transfer hydrogenation catalyst by combination with RuCl2-p-cymene complex. Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones was performed by means of the polymeric catalyst to afford the chiral secondary alcohols. A high level of enantioselectivities up to 99 % ee was attained in neat water by using the polymeric catalyst prepared from quaternary ammonium salt-type polymer support.
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Rassu, Giovanna, Silvia Fancello, Marta Roldo, Milo Malanga, Lajos Szente, Rossana Migheli, Elisabetta Gavini, and Paolo Giunchedi. "Investigation of Cytotoxicity and Cell Uptake of Cationic Beta-Cyclodextrins as Valid Tools in Nasal Delivery." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 7 (July 12, 2020): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12070658.

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Cyclodextrin polymers have high applicability in pharmaceutical formulations due to better biocompatibility, solubility enhancement, loading capacity and controlled drug release than their parent, cyclodextrins. The cytotoxicity and cell uptake of new cationic beta-cyclodextrin monomers and polymers were evaluated as suitable materials for nasal formulations and their protective effects on cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide were studied. PC12 and CACO-2 cells were selected as the neuronal- and epithelial-type cells, respectively, to mimic the structure of respiratory and olfactory epithelia of the nasal cavity. All cationic beta-cyclodextrin polymers tested showed dose- and time-dependent toxicity; nevertheless, at 5 µM concentration and 60 min of exposure, the quaternary-ammonium-beta-cyclodextrin soluble polymer could be recognized as nontoxic. Based on these results, a fluorescently labelled quaternary-ammonium-beta-cyclodextrin monomer and polymer were selected for uptake studies in CACO-2 cells. The monomeric and polymeric beta-cyclodextrins were internalized in the cytoplasm of CACO-2 cells; the cationic monomer showed higher permeability than the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, employed as comparison. Therefore, these cationic beta-cyclodextrins showed potential as excipients able to improve the nasal absorption of drugs. Furthermore, amino-beta-cyclodextrin and beta-cyclodextrin soluble polymers were able to reduce oxidative damage in PC12 and CACO-2 cells and thus could be studied as bioactive carriers or potential drugs for cell protection against oxidative stress.
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Lee, Seunghyun, Hyejin Lee, Tae-Hyun Yang, Byungchan Bae, Nguyen Anh Thu Tran, Younghyun Cho, Namgee Jung, and Dongwon Shin. "Quaternary Ammonium-Bearing Perfluorinated Polymers for Anion Exchange Membrane Applications." Membranes 10, no. 11 (October 26, 2020): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10110306.

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Perfluorinated polymers are widely used in polymer electrolyte membranes because of their excellent ion conductivity, which are attributed to the well-defined morphologies resulting from their extremely hydrophobic main-chains and flexible hydrophilic side-chains. Perfluorinated polymers containing quaternary ammonium groups were prepared from Nafion- and Aquivion-based sulfonyl fluoride precursors by the Menshutkin reaction to give anion exchange membranes. Perfluorinated polymers tend to exhibit poor solubility in organic solvents; however, clear polymer dispersions and transparent membranes were successfully prepared using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at high temperatures and pressures. Both perfluorinated polymer-based membranes exhibited distinct hydrophilic-hydrophobic phase-separated morphologies, resulting in high ion conductivity despite their low ion exchange capacities and limited water uptake properties. Moreover, it was found that the capacitive deionization performances and stabilities of the perfluorinated polymer membranes were superior to those of the commercial Fumatech membrane.
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Shmakova, N. S., I. A. Kirsh, and V. A. Romanova. "Influence of cationic surfactants on physical and mechanical properties of polymer compositions." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 82, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2020-1-225-229.

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When creating filled polymer composite materials, difficulties often arise due to poor compatibility of polymers with modifying additives. To solve such problems, surface-active substances (SAS) are successfully used in many industries, but they are practically not used in polymer processing. This is largely due to the insufficient assortment of surfactants produced that are suitable for introduction into polymers, especially film-forming ones. Anionic and nonionic surfactants are used in the synthesis and processing of elastomers, but they are not used in the production of film materials. As for the use of cationic surfactants, there are still no data at all. They differ from other types of surfactants in a variety of structures, in the number and relative positions of cationic centers and hydrophobic radicals, and also in antimicrobial properties. The prospects of using quaternary ammonium salts for the modification of packaging materials are shown. The expediency of using cationic surfactants for the modification of polymeric materials is proved. It is shown that the use of quaternary ammonium salts improves the physical and mechanical properties of films based on polyethylene and polypropylene. It is proved that cationic surfactants are technologically compatible with polyolefins, which allows the processing of polymer compositions by extrusion. Today, the most common polymers for food packaging are polyethylene and polypropylene. This is due to their low cost, safety in contact with food products, and suitability for processing into films of different thicknesses. More and more attention is being paid to the creation of packaging materials with antimicrobial properties. The imparting of such properties is achieved by introducing an antimicrobial additive into the polymer melt. It is most expedient to introduce additives directly into the melt of the polymer composition during processing, since, for example, during the extrusion process, polymer homogenization with the additive.
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Kim, Dae-Hee, Min-Yeong Jung, Hyun Park, In-Won Lee, Ho-Hwan Chun, and Nam-Ju Jo. "Antifouling Paint Resin Based on Polyurethane Matrix with Quaternary Ammonium Salt." Polymer Korea 39, no. 1 (January 25, 2015): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7317/pk.2015.39.1.122.

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Domb, Abraham J., Nurit Beyth, and Shady Farah. "QUATERNARY AMMONIUM ANTIMICROBIAL POLYMERS." MRS Proceedings 1569 (2013): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.907.

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ABSTRACTPolymers possessing antimicrobial activity have been used for self sterilization surfaces as well as agents for treating contaminated water. Cationic polymers based on quaternary ammonium or guanidine groups have shown high inherent antimicrobial activity where the activity is related to the disruption of the microorganism cell wall. A range of antimicrobial nanoparticles possessing active quaternary ammonium groups with one of the alkyl is a an octyl chain have been synthesized. These nanoparticles were incorporated in dental restoration compositions to form self sterile composites. Quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine nanoparticles with N-octyl dimethyl residues, demonstrated high antibacterial effect.
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Wang, Li-Fei, Xing-Gui Liu, Mei-Mei Meng, Yong-Kai Xu, Rui Zhu, Rui Zhang, Zhen-Zhong Lu, and Wei Huang. "Three coordination polymers built by quaternary-ammonium-modified isophthalic acid." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 77, no. 5 (April 9, 2021): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229621003296.

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Three coordination polymers based on quaternary-ammonium-modified isophthalic acid, namely, catena-poly[[[aqua-μ2-bromido-di-μ3-hydroxido-methanoldinitratotetracopper(II)]-bis{μ4-5-[2-(tripropylazaniumyl)ethoxy]benzene-1,3-dicarboxylato}] nitrate], {[Cu4Br(C19H28NO5)2(NO3)2(OH)2(CH4O)(H2O)]NO3} n , 1, poly[μ3-bromido-μ2-bromido-bromido-μ3-hydroxido-{μ4-5-[2-(tripropylazaniumyl)ethoxy]benzene-1,3-dicarboxylato}tricopper(II)], [Cu3Br3(C19H28NO5)(OH)] n , 2, and poly[bromido{μ3-5-[2-(tripropylazaniumyl)ethoxy]benzene-1,3-dicarboxylato}zinc(II)], [ZnBr(C19H28NO5)] n , 3, were obtained by solvothermal reactions. Coordination polymer (CP) 1 contains tetranuclear Cu4 units, in which the four Cu atoms are linked by two μ3-OH− groups into a Cu4(OH)2 cluster, which are in turn linked by 5-[2-(tripropylazaniumyl)ethoxy]benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate (cpa−) ligands into a chain structure. CP 2 also contains a tetranuclear Cu4(OH)2 cluster and these are linked with CuBr3 units into chains. The chains are then connected by cpa− ligands into a two-dimensional layered structure. CP 3 contains a two-dimensional layer structure built by binuclear Zn2 units and cpa− ligands. The Br− counter-anions of the quaternary ammonium groups all take part in the construction of the polymeric networks.
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Bonenfant, Danielle, François-René Bourgeois, Murielle Mimeault, Frédéric Monette, Patrick Niquette, and Robert Hausler. "Synthesis and structure-activity study of quaternary ammonium functionalized β-cyclodextrin-carboxymethylcellulose polymers." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 12 (June 1, 2011): 2827–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.630.

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Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-based polymers functionalized with two types of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), the alkaquat DMB-451 (N-alkyl (50% C14, 40% C12, 10% C10) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride) (DMD-451) named polymer DMB-451, and FMB 1210-8 (a blend of 32 w% N-alkyl (50% C14, 40% C12, 10% C10) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride and 48 w% of didecyldimethylammonium chloride) named polymer FMB 1210-8, were synthethized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activities of these polymers against Eschericia coli were also evaluated at 25 °C in wastewater. The results have indicated that the polymer FMB 1210-8 possesses a high-affinity binding with bacterial cells that induces a rapid disinfection process. Moreover, in the same experimental conditions of disinfection (mixture of 1.0 g of polymer and 100 mL of wastewater), the polymer FMB 1210-8 has a higher antimicrobial efficiency (99.90%) than polymer DMB-451 (92.8%). This phenomenon might be associated to a stronger interaction with bacterial cells due to stronger binding affinity for E. coli cells and greater killing efficiency of the C10 alkyl chains QAC of polymer FMB 1210-8 to disrupt the bacterial cell membrane as compared to N-alkyl (50% C14, 40% C12, 10% C10) dimethylbenzylammonium chloride. Together, these results suggest that the polymer FMB 1210-8 could constitute a good disinfectant against Escherichia coli, which could be advantageously used in wastewater treatments due to the low toxicity of β-CD and CMC, and moderated toxicity of FMB 1210-8 to human and environment.
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Weng, Zhulin, Yaochen Zheng, Aijin Tang, and Chao Gao. "Synthesis, Dye Encapsulation, and Highly Efficient Colouring Application of Amphiphilic Hyperbranched Polymers." Australian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 1 (2014): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch13353.

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A novel kind of amphiphilic hyperbranched polymer (AHP), poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-co-polystyrene (HPTAM-co-PS), was synthesized via the combination of reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization and self-condensing vinyl polymerization (RAFT-SCVP). HPTAM-co-PS was functionalized via the highly efficient Menschutkin click reaction, resulting in hyperbranched poly(propargyl quaternary ammonium methacrylate)-co-polystyrene (HPPrAM-co-PS) with a hydrophilic quaternary ammonium salt core and hydrophobic PS shell. The average numbers of dye molecules trapped by each molecule of HPPrAM-co-PS (24.2 kDa) were 24.1 for methyl orange (MO), 22.0 for fluorescein sodium (FS), 24.2 for rose bengal (RB), and 238.4 for Congo red (CR). The polymer–dye complexes show excellent colouring effects for both PS and poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS) membranes; the colour of the membrane containing AHP is very stable and uniform. Our work opens an avenue for the design of efficient dye-colouring additives and for the application of hyperbranched polymers in the field of polymer colouring.
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Liu, Ji Ping, Yan Hua Wu, Lei Liu, Yu Mei Xiao, Xiao Dong Ma, and Bin Fu. "Synthesis of a New Water-Soluble Conjugated Polymers Containing Thiazoline Moiety for Antibacterial Activity Bioassay." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 1594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.1594.

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The water-soluble cationic polyfluorene derivatives PFP-N(Me)3+I- and PFP-T containing the thiazoline cycle on side chain was designed and synthesized. The preliminary bioassay was carried out for the thiazolines and polymers at different concentrations. The antibacterial activity of the polymers and thiazolines were determined with E.coli by growth inhibition assays. The results demonstrate that the polymer containing thiazoline cycle (PFP-T) has a higher inhibition ratio against E.coli than the thiazoline compound itself and the corresponding thiazoline quaternary ammonium.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ammonium quaternaire polymere"

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Buchert, Pascale. "Polymerisation d'un monomere cationique, le chlorure de methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium, en microemulsion inverse : formulation, caracterisation et comportement rheologique des microlatex formes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13106.

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Des poly (chlorure de methacryloyloethyltrimethylammonium) (madquat) solubilises dans des microgouttelettes d'eau dispersees dans une huile ont ete prepares par polymerisation en microemulsion inverse. Les microlatex formes presentent des comportements newtoniens sous cisaillement jusqu'a des fractions volumiques de 50% et rheo-fluidifiantes au dela
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Wang, Tong Kuan. "Adsorption de quelques polymeres a l'interface silice-eau : approche experimentale de leur conformation, correlation avec les mecanismes de floculation des suspensions colloidales." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066221.

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Synthese de copolymeres d'acrylamide et d'un monomere acrylique porteur d'un groupement ammonium quaternaire. Comportement de ces polyelectrolytes et de quelques polymeres neutres (poe) vis a vis de suspensions colloidales de silice. Influence de la cationicite sur les isothermes d'adsorption. Influence de la conformation de chaines aux interfaces sur la stabilite des suspensions colloidales
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Berlot, Isabelle. "Synthèse, caractérisation et étude électrochimique de tensioactifs dérivés du pyrrole." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10087.

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Ce memoire est consacre a la synthese, la caracterisation et l'etude electrochimique de nouveaux tensioactifs derives du pyrrole, analogues du dodecyltrimethylammonium et associes aux contre-ions br#-, no#-#3, tso#-, bf#-#4. La plupart forment des micelles en solution aqueuse. Une electrode selective du cation dodecyltrimethylammonium a ete utilisee pour determiner leurs concentrations micellaires critiques (cmc). Nous avons aussi montre que la voltammetrie cyclique permet dans certains cas de determiner la cmc en milieu electrolytique, en depit du caractere irreversible de l'oxydation de la sonde redox que constitue le pyrrole. On constate que l'introduction d'un motif pyrrole a l'extremite de la chaine hydrocarbonee (series a1 et a2) ne modifie pas la cmc de ces tensioactifs par rapport a leurs analogues sans pyrrole. Par contre si le pyrrole est situe sur la tete polaire (serie b1), leur cmc est plus basse. L'etude par rmn#1h a eclaire ces constatations, en precisant la localisation des divers groupements dans la micelle : le pyrrole se place dans le cur hydrophobe dans le cas des a1 et a2, alors qu'il se replie vers l'interieur de la micelle pres de la tete polaire pour les b1. Dans le cas particulier des tensioactifs associes a l'anion tosylate, nous avons constate que le tosylate penetre dans la micelle et s'intercale entre les groupes ammonium. L'etude electroanalytique a montre que ces composes s'adsorbent fortement sur carbone et que des films de polypyrrole peuvent croitre sur ces electrodes par electrooxydation de solutions micellaires. Ces films sont electroinactifs, mais d'epaisseurs significatives (20 a 1000 couches monomoleculaires). Les rendements de depots sont faibles (5 a 10%) dans le cas des a1 et a2, mais nettement plus importants (50%) dans le cas des b1. L'electropolymerisation de solutions micellaires des series a1 et a2 conduit majoritairement a la formation d'oligomeres solubles, de type polypyrrole suroxyde.
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Chen, Xiaocheng. "Synthesis of 10-Carboxy-N-Decyol-N, N’- Dimethyldecyl-1-Ammonium Bromide as Organogelator & Room temperature Shape Memory Programming of Stearic Acid/ Natural Rubber Bilayer Blend." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1500563824207268.

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Daudet, Elodie. "Synthèse, caractérisation et propriétés biocides de polysiloxanes porteurs de fonctions ammonium quaternaire laterales." Paris 13, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA132005.

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Des polysiloxanes porteurs de fonctions ammonium quaternaire (aq) ou phosphonium quaternaire ont été synthétisés pour être incorporés dans des mastics a base de silicone et leur conférer des propriétés biocides. Deux voies de synthèse partant d'un copolymère poly(dimethylsiloxane-comethylhydrogenosiloxane) ont été utilisées. Les fonctions silane du copolymère permettent de greffer par réaction d'hydrosilylation des alcènes terminaux -halogènes. Dans le cas du bromobutene, nous avons pu quaterniser les groupes latéraux du polysiloxane par la n,n-dimethyloctylamine ou la tri-n-butylphosphine. Pour des raisons de cout, nous avons envisage une autre voie de synthèse dans laquelle on greffe par hydrosilylation sur le polysiloxane des fonctions époxyde. Celles-ci sont ensuite ouvertes par une amine secondaire puis les amines tertiaires résultantes sont quaternisées par un dérivé halogène. Les différents copolysiloxanes synthétisés ont été incorpores dans des mastics. Leurs propriétés fongicides (aspergillus niger) et bactéricides (Escherichia coli) ont été déterminées grâce a un test de dénombrement des microorganismes survivants après contact avec un échantillon de mastic et un test d'envahissement qui permet d'évaluer l'activité d'un mastic faiblement concentre et l'éventuelle diffusion de produits biocides. Nous avons examine l'influence des substituants de l'AQ, de la composition du copolymère et de sa concentration dans le mastic, et mis au point un test de vieillissement accélère qui a permis de montrer que l'additif, n'étant pas fixe au réseau polysiloxanique et étant de nature très flexible et hydrophile, diffusait lentement dans l'eau. Ce sont donc des mastics antifongiques à relargage contrôlé. Les propriétés biocides des mastics formules avec ces polysiloxanes à substituants AQ sont nettement plus durables que celles des mastics commerciaux actuels. Elles sont comparables à celles de polymères biocides par contact précédemment développés au laboratoire
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Owens, Gary. "Nitrate selective resins : interaction of monomeric and polymeric quaternary ammonium compounds with nitrates /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pho97.pdf.

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Souabi, Salah. "Etude de l'adsorption de tensioactifs cationiques sur charbon actif influence de coadsorbats /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376186543.

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Marzak, Saïd. "Complexes du cuivre (i) construits sur le fragment (ms::(4))**(2-) (m=mo,w) : role du ligand thiocyanate dans l'edification de composes heterometalliques a structure infinie." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066401.

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Preparation de complexes du type (nr::(4))::(n)(cu::(4)(ncs)::(4)ms::(4)), m=mo, w, r=me, et et n=2 ou 3. Selon la taille du cation, obtention de macrostructures bidimensionnelles ou tridimensionnelles; l'insertion du cation pph::(4)**(+) conduit a la formation d'une structure infinie de chaines lineaires
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Zander, Zachary K. Zander. "Developing Functionalized Polymer Systems to Promote Specific Interactions and Properties." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1521497140602076.

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Bennis, Khalil. "Etude de l'adsorption et de la reduction electrochimique sur electrode de mercure de quelques cetones en presence de tensio-actifs en milieu aqueux." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF2E406.

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Etude de la reduction electrochimique de l'acetophenone, l'oxyde de mesityle et l'ethylideneacetone en milieu aqueux en presence d'agents de surface anioniques (laurylsulfate de sodium), d'agents de surface cationiques (bromure de benzyltrimethylammonium et bromure de cetyltrimethylammonium) et d'agents de surface non ioniques (brij 35 et poly(oxyethylene))
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Book chapters on the topic "Ammonium quaternaire polymere"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Quaternary Ammonium Compound." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 919. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_14628.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Quaternary Ammonium Compound." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 602. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9688.

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Grigoras, Anca Giorgiana. "Polymeric Antimicrobials with Quaternary Ammonium Moieties." In Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, 123–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58259-3_5.

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Hunkeler, D., A. E. Hamielec, and W. Baade. "The Polymerization of Quaternary Ammonium Cationic Monomers with Acrylamide." In Polymers in Aqueous Media, 175–92. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ba-1989-0223.ch010.

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Farah, Shady. "Chapter 10. Antimicrobial Quaternary Ammonium Polymers for Biomedical Applications." In Biomaterials Science Series, 277–302. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788012638-00277.

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Tsai, Tsung-Han, Craig Versek, Michael Thorn, Mark Tuominen, and E. Bryan Coughlin. "Block Copolymers Containing Quaternary Benzyl Ammonium Cations for Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (AAEMFC)." In Polymers for Energy Storage and Delivery: Polyelectrolytes for Batteries and Fuel Cells, 253–65. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2012-1096.ch015.

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"Quaternary ammonium compound." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 807. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30160-0_9508.

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Dixit, Sharad G., and Ajay K. Vanjara. "Adsorption of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds at Polymer Surfaces." In Polymer Interfaces and Emulsions, 373–407. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003064978-9.

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Dixit, Sharad G., and Ajay K. Vanjara. "Adsorption of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds at Polymer Surfaces." In Polymer Interfaces and Emulsions, 373–407. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003064978-9.

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Itsuno, S., and N. Haraguchi. "Epoxidation of Chalcones Using Polymer-Supported Cinchona Alkaloid Quaternary Ammonium Salts." In Brønsted Base and Acid Catalysts, and Additional Topics, 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-205-00519.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ammonium quaternaire polymere"

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Hassan, Mervat S., Hassan El-Shall, and Chearly Beaty. "Some Aspects on Thermal Degradation of Organo-Layer Silicates." In ASME 2008 2nd Multifunctional Nanocomposites and Nanomaterials International Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mn2008-47038.

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Naturally occurring silicates, like montmorillonite (MMT) have received much attention as reinforcement materials for polymers because of their potentially high aspect ratio and unique intercalation (exfoliation) characteristic. Montmorillonite is of particular interest because it has a layered structure typically about 1nm in thickness and a high aspect ratio ranging from 100 to 1500 that, with proper exfoliation, can lead to platelets with high stiffness and strength dispersed in the polymer matrix. In this paper, we studied the delamination of Egyptian bentonite and Cloisite Na+ (USA) using different onium ions. The organo-clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Derivativethermogravimetry (TGA), Thermogravimetry (TG), and Infrared spectroscopy (IR). Understanding the relationship between molecular structure of the modifying surfactant and the thermal stability of the organically modified layered silicates is critical to its processing and subsequent applications. Therefore, special emphasis is given to the study of the thermal degradation of the modified clays. The results of the thermal degradation of montmorillonite (MMT) and alkyl quaternary ammonium montmorillonite (OMMT) are discussed in this paper.
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