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Journal articles on the topic 'Amorphous graphite'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Belonogov, Evgeny K., Sergey B. Kushev, Sergey A. Soldatenko, and Tatiana L. Turaeva. "Morphology and structure characteristics of nanoscale carbon materials containing graphene." Image Journal of Advanced Materials and Technologies 6, no. 4 (2021): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/jamt.2021.04.pp.247-255.

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A comprehensive study of the nanostructured powders (graphite GSM-2; Taunit-M; thermally expanded graphite (TEG)) by methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), Raman spectroscopy, was carried out. The experimental XRD halo was interpreted by superimposing theoretical diffraction maxima, and an X-ray amorphous graphite phase was revealed. It was found that the X-ray amorphous phase is characterized by the limiting degree of graphite nanostructuring. From the width of the

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2

Zhang, Bin, Li Qiang, Xiao Ling, and Jun Yan Zhang. "Impacts of N2 Import into Reaction System on the Structures and Properties of the Graphite-Amorphous Carbon Films." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 1924–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1924.

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Graphite-amorphous carbon films were grown by sputtered Ni target in Ar/CH4 mixture atmosphere. The impacts of N2 import into reaction system on the structures and properties of the graphite-amorphous carbon films were studied. The results shown that graphite-amorphous carbon films with good hardness, elastic and friction coefficient were obtained at the N2/CH4 flow ratio below 20/80. Beyond the flow ratio of 20/80, the number and size of nanocrystal graphite decrease induce the bad hardness, elastic and friction coefficient of the graphite-amorphous films. Graphite-amorphous carbon films prop

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3

Liu, Zhi Guo. "Effect of Heating Temperature of Expandable Graphite on Amorphous Process of Expanded Graphite/Ni System during Ball Milling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 80-81 (July 2011): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.80-81.233.

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Two expanded graphites, EG1 and EG2 that were prepared by rapid heating expandable graphite to 600 and 1000 °C, respectively, were ball milled in a high-energy mill under an air atmosphere with 16.7% nickel addition. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the products show that that increasing the heating temperature of expandable graphite accelerates the amorphous process of the EG-Ni systems during the milling process. Ball milling the EG2-Ni mixture results in the formation of an amorphous EG-Ni system and Ni3C phase. Comparing with the amorphous process of the milled EGs without nickel addition

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4

Wang, Jia, and Cheng Lin Liu. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Temperature and Graphite-Like Structure Effects on Amorphous Carbon Graphitization." Materials Science Forum 956 (June 2019): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.956.78.

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The effects of temperature and graphite-like structure additive on the graphitization process of amorphous carbon were investigated through molecular dynamics simulation. The molecular models of amorphous carbon and graphite-like structure-amorphous carbon were constructed with the initial density of 1.62 g/cm3 and carbon atoms number of 4096 by rapid quenching method. After annealing treatment at 3200 K, 3600 K and 4000 K respectively, the evolution rules of sp2 C atoms and the instantaneous conformations of the graphite-like structure-amorphous carbon system were analyzed to investigate the

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5

Wang, Chao, Xi Zhang, and Dongfeng Diao. "Nanosized graphene crystallite induced strong magnetism in pure carbon films." Nanoscale 7, no. 10 (2015): 4475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr06711h.

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Pure carbon films with abundant graphene nanocrystallites (sample C) having a 2D Raman band similar to that of bilayer graphene exhibit stronger magnetism than the amorphous (A) and graphite-like structures (D).

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6

Ugwumadu, C., K. Nepal, R. Thapa, and D. A. Drabold. "Atomistic nature of amorphous graphite." Physics and Chemistry of Glasses: European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part B 64, no. 1 (2023): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13036/17533562.64.1.18.

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This paper focuses on the structural, electronic, and vibrational features of amorphous graphite [R. Thapa et al, Phys. Rev. Lett., 2022, 128, 236402]. The structural order in amorphous graphite is discussed and compared with graphite and amorphous carbon. The electronic density of states and localization in these phases were analyzed. Spatial projection of charge densities in the π bands showed a high charge concentration on participating atoms in connecting hexagons. A vibrational density of states was computed and is potentially an experimentally testable fingerprint of the material. An ana

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7

Абдуев, А. Х., А. К. Ахмедов, А. Ш. Асваров, К. Ш. Рабаданов та Р. М. Эмиров. "Образование композита ZnO-C с нанокристаллической структурой". Журнал технической физики 89, № 5 (2019): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2019.05.47474.202-18.

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AbstractThe formation of a nanocrystalline composite of a ZnO–C system with simultaneous mechanical activation of a mixture of zinc oxide and graphite powders in a ball mill in an inert atmosphere is studied. It is shown that the presence of graphite reduces the efficiency of dispersing ZnO crystallites. The following principal dispersion mechanisms of graphite are determined: the fragmentation of particles due to the impact of grinding bodies and the exfoliation of flakes by submicron zinc oxide particles. It has been established that a composite system is formed as a result of the prolonged

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8

Chen, Di Chun, Bai Ling Jiang, and Ming Zhi Li. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CrAlTiCN Multilayer Films by Magnetron Sputtering Ion Plating." Materials Science Forum 687 (June 2011): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.687.699.

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CrAlTiCN multilayer films have been prepared by closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering technology using graphite target as the C supplier. TEM observation results show that the CrAlTiCN films have a clear multilayer structure with the modulate periods changed with the current of graphite target. The higher the current of graphite target, the thicker the periodical thickness of multilayer film. The microstructure of CrAlTiCN films is that the (Cr,Al,Ti)N/amorphous carbon multilayer where (Cr,Al,Ti)N layer and amorphous carbon layer appeared interval, the volume fraction of the amorphous c

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9

Zaikovskii, Alexey. "Structural Features of the Carbon Material Synthesized by Plasma-Arc Method at Low Buffer Gas Pressure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 864 (April 2017): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.864.36.

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The carbon material was synthesized by the plasma-arc method at the buffer gas pressure of 3 Torr. The material has physical properties different from the properties of the material synthesized at pressure of 25 Torr and higher. The low pressure of buffer gas leads to formation of materials consisting of carbon nanoparticles with average size lower than 10nm. The nanoparticles have form of carbon globules, which consist of the graphite-like structure. This structure is the composition of the stacked, twisted and closed nanofragments of graphene. The dominating interlayer distance in the struct

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10

Anderson, P. E., and N. M. Rodriguez. "Growth of graphite nanofibers from the decomposition of CO/H2 over silica-supported iron–nickel particles." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 7 (1999): 2912–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0389.

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Extremely fine, tubular graphite nanofibers of varying geometries and degrees of crystallinity were produced by the decomposition of CO and hydrogen over various compositions of nickel–iron particles supported on silica. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with temperature programmed oxidation studies revealed that, as the iron content of the catalyst was increased, the bimetallic particles precipitated a chainlike graphitic fibrous structure in a stepwise mechanism. The high-iron-content system Fe–Ni (8:2) yielded a small amount of these chainlike graphite fibers that wer

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11

Galuska, A. A., H. H. Madden, and R. E. Allred. "Electron spectroscopy of graphite, graphite oxide and amorphous carbon." Applied Surface Science 32, no. 3 (1988): 253–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-4332(88)90012-8.

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12

Barnakov, Ch N., G. P. Khokhlova, A. N. Popova, S. A. Sozinov, and Z. R. Ismagilov. "XRD Characterization of the Structure of Graphites and Carbon Materials Obtained by the Low-Temperature Graphitization of Coal Tar Pitch." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 17, no. 2 (2015): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj198.

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The structure of some commercial graphites and carbon materials (CMs) obtained by the low-temperature catalytic graphitization of coal tar pitch with iron salt, needle coke, foamed graphite as the catalysts has been studied. The study was performed using the X-ray diffraction technique with reflections from base plane and their decomposition into two components corresponding to the structural phases of graphite which have different XRD characteristics. Various CMs were compared with respect to the structural phase ratio, distance between polyarene layers in these phases, and sizes of the coher

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13

Karthik, Chinnathambi, Joshua Kane, Darryl P. Butt, William E. Windes, and Rick Ubic. "Microstructural Characterization of Next Generation Nuclear Graphites." Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, no. 2 (2012): 272–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927611012360.

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AbstractThis article reports the microstructural characteristics of various petroleum and pitch based nuclear graphites (IG-110, NBG-18, and PCEA) that are of interest to the next generation nuclear plant program. Bright-field transmission electron microscopy imaging was used to identify and understand the different features constituting the microstructure of nuclear graphite such as the filler particles, microcracks, binder phase, rosette-shaped quinoline insoluble (QI) particles, chaotic structures, and turbostratic graphite phase. The dimensions of microcracks were found to vary from a few

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14

Kanasugi, Kazuya, Keita Arimura, Ali Alanazi, et al. "UV Sterilization Effects and Osteoblast Proliferation on Amorphous Carbon Films Classified Based on Optical Constants." Bioengineering 9, no. 10 (2022): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9100505.

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Optical classification methods that distinguish amorphous carbon films into six types based on refractive index and extinction coefficient have garnered increasing attention. In this study, five types of amorphous carbon films were prepared on Si substrates using different plasma processes, including physical and chemical vapor deposition. The refractive index and extinction coefficient of the amorphous carbon films were measured using spectroscopic ellipsometry, and the samples were classified into five amorphous carbon types—amorphous, hydrogenated amorphous, tetrahedral amorphous, polymer-l

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15

Ban Abdulelah Mohammed. "Absorption and Desorption Remediation of Environmental Pollution to Remove Heavy Metal Ions From Waste Water Using Batch experimental System." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 25, no. 4 (2020): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v25i4.267.

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Graphite is the substance of allotropes of carbon forms with diamond, and amorphous carbon, Graphite considered one of methods that we can use it for adsorption of heavy metals ion from water, by a new sorbent material having functionalized for solid phase extraction (SPE) metals (Zinc and Cobalt) from aqueous solutions. Firstly we used Graphite substance by chemical process to convert it to Graphene and graphene oxide has been used in oxidation by hummer method process by using H2SO4 and KMnO4 that considered a good oxidizing materials. Graphene oxide is a Composite material fabricated from G

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16

Legrain, Fleur, Konstantinos Kotsis, and Sergei Manzhos. "Mg and K Insertion in Glassy Amorphous Carbon vs Graphite as Potential Anode Materials: an Ab Initio Study." MRS Advances 1, no. 45 (2016): 3069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.507.

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ABSTRACTIn search for effective negative electrodes for Mg- and K-ion batteries, we investigate the potential of glassy amorphous carbon by means of density functional theory calculations. Specifically, we provide the energetics for Mg and K insertion in two different structures of amorphous carbon. The insertion sites are found to be well distributed in energy, with insertion energies Ef vs. the cohesive energies of respectively Mg and K ranging from -1.1 to 2.8 eV for Mg and from -1.0 to 3.7 eV for K. To compare amorphous carbon to the most common structure of carbon (graphite), we study in

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17

Zhu, Haoyu, Tanim Hassan, Humayun Kabir, et al. "Voltammetric pH sensor based on electrochemically modified pseudo-graphite." Analyst 145, no. 22 (2020): 7252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0an01405b.

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A nanocrystalline graphite-like amorphous carbon (graphite from the University of Idaho thermolyzed asphalt reaction, GUITAR) is electrochemically modified for voltammetric pH sensing. This electrode has a pH sensing range from 0 to 11.

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18

Okamoto, Shingo, and Akihiko Ito. "Molecular Dynamics Analysis on Compressive Strength of PAN-Based Carbon Fibers." International Journal of Nanoscience 13, no. 04 (2014): 1440004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x14400043.

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We investigated the compressive strength of PAN-based carbon fibers containing both amorphous and crystalline structures using molecular dynamics simulations. In addition, we investigated the buckling behavior of graphene and graphite crystals under compressive loading. The calculated buckling stresses of those crystals with different aspect ratios agree well with the results by the Euler's buckling theory. We finally found that the compressive strength of the PAN-based carbon fiber with a large amount of amorphous structures was 11 GPa. Moreover, a fracture of the PAN-based carbon fiber begin

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19

Ion, Adriana, Ana Cosac, and Vlad Victor Ene. "Natural radioactivity level in graphite samples from the Cătălinul deposit, Parâng Mountains, Romania: sources identification and radiological risk assessment." Review of the Bulgarian Geological Society 84, no. 3 (2023): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52215/rev.bgs.2023.84.3.245.

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Twenty graphite samples (amorphous and crystalline flake types of graphite) were collected from the ore storage of the Catalinul deposit and, the 238U, 232Th, 40K naturally occurring radionuclides have been investigated by gamma-ray spectrometry. The mineral contents of selected graphite samples were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The radiological hazard parameters: radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed gamma dose rates in air (DR), and external hazard index (Hex) were calculated and compared with international safety limits. Radiometric data showed average specific

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20

Rubish, V. M., V. K. Kyrylenko, M. O. Durkot, et al. "The influence of mercury vapor on the electrical resistance of chalcogenide amorphous films." Physics and Chemistry of Solid State 24, no. 2 (2023): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.24.2.335-340.

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Using the planar structures "Ni layer - chalcogenide amorphous film - Ni layer" and "graphite probe - chalcogenide amorphous film graphite probe" samples, the influence of mercury vapor on the electrical resistance of amorphous films of the Se-Te, Se-Sb and Se-As systems was investigated. It was established that exposure of samples in mercury vapor leads to a decrease in their electrical resistance by 4-7 orders of magnitude. As the temperature and mercury concentration increase, the transition time from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state decreases. When introducing Te, Sb, and

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21

Yuan, Yating, Bishnu Prasad Thapaliya, Huimin Luo, and Sheng Dai. "An Electrochemically Promoted Approach to Graphitization Via Molten Salts." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 57 (2024): 3805. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02573805mtgabs.

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Graphite stands as a critical element, as recognized by the US Department of Energy, owing to its pivotal role as anodes in batteries. The demand for high-purity graphite in battery applications is poised to surge in the foreseeable future. Synthetic graphite, prized for its high purity, typically emerges as the preferred option for such applications. However, the current synthesis process for graphite is exceedingly energy-intensive, mandating heat treatment of carbon precursors at temperatures soaring up to 3300 K for successful graphitization. In this talk, a novel method for graphitization

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22

Hendaoui, Ali, and Abdullah Alshammari. "Preparation of Nitrogen-doped Holey Multilayer Graphene Using High-Energy Ball Milling of Graphite in Presence of Melamine." Materials 16, no. 1 (2022): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16010219.

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Holey graphene, consisting of graphene sheets with in-plane nanopores, has recently attracted more attention as it expands graphene applications to other fields inaccessible by the pristine graphene. To ensure an effective implementation of holey graphene in the market, it is crucial to explore new preparation methods that are simple, cost effective, eco-friendly, versatile, and scalable. While ball milling of graphite in presence of exfoliating agents was found very effective in the preparation of graphene (doped and undoped) and graphene-composites, this technique remains unexplored for the

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23

Kulova, T. L., and A. M. Skundin. "Negative electrodes of the lithium ionic accumulator condescending to the humidity of electrolyte." Electrochemical Energetics 10, no. 2 (2010): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2010-10-2-57-61.

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The effect of electrolyte humidity on charge-discharge behavior of electrodes from graphite, thin-film amorphous silicon and thin-film composites ``silicon–carbon'' is estimated. Rise of humidity from 50 to 400 ppm is shown to accelerating capacity fade of graphite electrode by order of the magnitude. Electrode with 0.2 μm amorphous silicon film keeps the cyclability in electrolytes with water content up to 3000 ppm however its capacity diminishes upon humidity increase. Electrodes with ``silicon–carbon'' composites (40% C) happened to be virtually insensitive to electrolyte humidity up to 300

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24

Dwandaru, Wipsar Sunu Brams, Fika Fauzi, Suparno Suparno, et al. "Graphite Exfoliation using MnO2 Paste via Sonication in Irradiated Water for Volumetric-Shrinkage Resistant Sponge." Trends in Sciences 19, no. 6 (2022): 2996. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2022.2996.

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Graphite exfoliation has been the main mechanism to produce graphene material and its derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO). This study was aimed to exfoliate graphite using MnO2 paste in Zinc-Carbon (ZnC) battery wastes via audio sonication in X-ray irradiated water. The exfoliated graphite (EG) sample was then characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, and SEM. The EG sample was utilized as an additive for producing sponge with heat-induced volumetric-shrinkage resistance property. The irradiated water was obtained by exposing X-ray radiatio

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25

Bagri, Prashant, Bishnu P. Thapaliya, Zhenzhen Yang, et al. "Electrochemically induced crystallization of amorphous materials in molten MgCl2: boron nitride and hard carbon." Chemical Communications 56, no. 18 (2020): 2783–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc08717f.

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A novel and versatile strategy toward the amorphous-to-crystalline transformation of boron nitride was developed through an electrochemical pathway using molten MgCl<sub>2</sub> at low temperature (750 °C) and can be extended for transformation of amorphous carbon to graphite.

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26

Wang, Chun Yu, Yi Long Huang, Yi Feng, Chun Li Qin, and Peng Zhang. "Preparation and Characterization of Expandable Graphite Decorated with Rare Earth Nanoparticles CeO₂." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 2125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.2125.

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In this paper, it can be seen that the optimum mixture ratio of graphite to other contents (graphite: HNO3: H2O2: KMnO4 ) is 1.0(g):6(ml): (2.0ml):(0.2g), which obtained the best expansion volume. The graphite sheets within EG were nanoscales, rare earth nanoparticles were dispersed between holes of expandable graphite sheets. Evidently, the graphite nanosheets wrapped in the rare earth particles can be observed. It is clearly that the rare earth particles within EG were nanoscales. In addition, rare earth particles on expandable graphite were nanoscales, and the EG/CeO2 composite obtained by

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27

Yang, Zhi Hua, Yu Zhou, De Chang Jia, Chang Qing Yu, Qing Chang Meng, and Jia Hu Ouyang. "Preparation of Amorphous Si-B-C-N Powders and Nano-Sized Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1218.

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Amorphous nano-sized silicoboron carbonitride (Si-B-C-N) powders with average grain size <50 nm were fabricated by high energy shaker mill using hexagonal boron nitride, graphite and amorphous silicon powders as starting materials. The powders were consolidated by spark plasma sintering at 1900° and 1950°C. Amorphous phase were partially retained in ceramic sintered at 1900°C. For ceramic sintered at 1950°C, amorphous Si-B-C-N ceramic transferred to hexagonal BN and cubic SiC.

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Morris, D. E., K. K. Singh, and A. P. B. Sinha. "A novel stable solid formed by C60 + oxygen at high P(O2)." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 9 (1993): 2273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.2273.

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We report the formation of a novel solid form of carbon + oxygen. Exposure of C60 to high oxygen pressure [P(O2) ≍ 100 MPa] for several days at slightly above ambient temperature results in absorption of significant amounts of oxygen (up to ∼48% by weight after 3 days). X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the C60 pellets had become amorphous. Although part of the added weight is slowly lost in flowing oxygen at ambient pressure and temperature, most remains up to at least 100 °C. Heating in flowing He at 200 °C brought the weight back to near the original value. The reaction appears to

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29

Tamayo Meza, Pedro Alejandro, Pablo Schabes Retchkiman, Luis Armando Flores Herrera, Viacheslav A. Yermishkin, Carlos F. Ordáz Yañez, and Hammurabi Sierra. "Induced Amorphization in Pyrographite by Radiation Using High Voltage Transmission Electron Microscope." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 2026–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.2026.

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A high dose of electron irradiation generates amorphous zones with critical vacancy concentrations in the pyrographite. The degree of disorder “” of amorphization of Graphite, natural graphite, pyrographite and polycrystal pyrographite are analyzed as a function of time “t”, and the amorphization kinetics under different voltages inside the HVTEM.

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Tariq, Muhammad, Thomas Thurn-Albrecht, and Oleksandr Dolynchuk. "Heterogeneous Crystal Nucleation from the Melt in Polyethylene Oxide Droplets on Graphite: Kinetics and Microscopic Structure." Crystals 11, no. 8 (2021): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080924.

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It is well known that the crystallization of liquids often initiates at interfaces to foreign solid surfaces. In this study, using polarized light optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), we investigate the effect of substrate–material interactions on nucleation in an ensemble of polyethylene oxide (PEO) droplets on graphite and on amorphous polystyrene (PS). The optical microscopy measurements during cooling with a constant rate explicitly evidenced that the graphite substrate enhances the nucleation kinetics, as crystallization occurred at ap

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Wen, Jianguo. "Playing with Carbon-Carbon Bonds." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 11 (2024): 1447. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02111447mtgabs.

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The carbon atom stands out among elements for its ability to many allotropes. Among these, diamond and graphite are well-known. Diamond is the hardest material in nature due to its 3D network of sp3 covalent carbon bonds (1.54 Å). Conversely, graphite features a flat honeycomb lattice arrangement of carbon atoms, with countless layers weakly bonded through van der Waals forces. Within the graphene layer, a constituent of graphite, the sp2 covalent carbon bonds (1.42 Å) are shorter than that of diamond. It is of importance to form new carbon allotropes as well as understand transformation mecha

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Anwar, Miftahul, Teguh Endah Saraswati, and Ahmad Bahrudin. "Submerged Electrical Arc Discharge for Nanoparticles Fabrication Using Carbon-Based Electrodes." Materials Science Forum 939 (November 2018): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.939.141.

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This study describes the structural modifications of char electrodes and the resulting carbon nanoparticles using method of arc discharge in liquid method, an approach which is simpler and less expensive than other techniques such as CVD and laser vaporization. The nanoparticles are obtained from powder floating on the water surface during arc discharge between two electrodes submerged in water. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) profiles show peak formation at 24-26o2Ѳ, associated with hexagonal graphite structure.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the presence of graphitic-struct

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Dozhdikov V. S., Basharin A. Y., and Levashov P. R. "Structure studies of graded amorphous carbon obtained by liquid carbon quenching." Technical Physics 68, no. 3 (2023): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tp.2023.03.55804.206-22.

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A new method for obtaining graded amorphous carbon using quenching of a graphite melt on a diamond substrate is proposed. Using molecular dynamics modeling of liquid carbon quenching on a cold diamond substrate, it is shown that the amorphous carbon obtained in the experiment is a material with a strongly gradient structure and properties along the depth of the sample. This is due to the quenching rate decrease with the distance from the substrate in the range of 1014-1012 K/s. In this case, the density of amorphous carbon varies from 1.50 g/cm3 to 1.93 g/cm3. The spatial change in the structu

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Duan, Haojie, Hongqiang Xu, Qian Wu, et al. "Silicon/Graphite/Amorphous Carbon as Anode Materials for Lithium Secondary Batteries." Molecules 28, no. 2 (2023): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020464.

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Although silicon is being researched as one of the most promising anode materials for future generation lithium-ion batteries owing to its greater theoretical capacity (3579 mAh g−1), its practical applicability is hampered by its worse rate properties and poor cycle performance. Herein, a silicon/graphite/amorphous carbon (Si/G/C) anode composite material has been successfully prepared by a facile spray-drying method followed by heating treatment, exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance compared with silicon/amorphous carbon (Si/C) in lithium-ion batteries. At 0.1 A g−1, the Si/G/C s

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Huang, Zih-Jhong, Hsin-Te Lin, Daniel Manaye Kabtamu, and Chen-Hao Wang. "Amorphous Cobalt Tin Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated on Graphite Felt as Positive Electrode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 3 (2024): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-013607mtgabs.

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The Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRFB) stands out as one of the most promising large-scale energy storage systems. Nevertheless, the graphite electrode materials commonly used in VRFBs often exhibit drawbacks such as limited electrochemical activity and insufficient conductivity, ultimately resulting in suboptimal performance for the VRFB. In this study, we utilized highly conductive reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a carrier for cobalt tin oxide (CoSnO3), aiming to enhance their catalytic capability towards vanadium ions. CoSnO3/rGO composite was confirmed using XRD and TEM, revealing nanoboxe

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Harrington, J. P., D. J. Monk, and R. E. S. Clegg. "Thermal Infrared Emission by Dust in the Planetary Nebula NGC 3918." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 131 (1989): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900138112.

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Models of the dust grains in the planetary nebula NGC 3918 are presented. The models, which are calculated for four grain materials -graphite, amorphous carbon, silicate, and iron- have a size distribution of particles based on that found for the diffuse interstellar medium. The infrared spectrum of the nebula -described mainly by IRAS photometry corrected for line emission- can be matched either with graphite grains with a size range of 0.04 - 0.30 μm, or with amorphous carbon grains having a size range 0.0005 - 0.25 μm. The implied depletions of gas phase carbon are only 11% and 4%, respecti

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Kim, Teawon, Jaegeun Lee, and Kun-Hong Lee. "Full graphitization of amorphous carbon by microwave heating." RSC Advances 6, no. 29 (2016): 24667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra01989g.

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Wang, Zhou Fu, Yan Ruo Hong, Hou Zhi Wang, and Cheng Ji Deng. "Preparation and Characterization of Al₂O₃ Coated Graphite Powders." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 1671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.1671.

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Heterogeneous-nucleation formation of Al2O3 coatings on graphite powders via a controlled hydrolysis process of aluminum chloride was investigated, and surface morphology and properties of the coated graphite were examined. The formed Al2O3 coatings were uniform and essentially amorphous. They were bonded well with graphite via chemical interaction between their O atoms and C atoms on graphite surface. Graphite particle size increased from 7.61 µm (as-received graphite) to 9.53 µm (the coated graphite), revealing that average thickness of the coating was ~1µm. Compared with those of as-receive

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SENYUT, Vladimir T., Petr A. VITYAZ, and Alexander M. PARNITSKY. "THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION OF A NANOSTRUCTURAL POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL BASED ON NANODIAMONDS MODIFIED WITH NON-DIAMOND CARBON (PART 2)." Mechanics of Machines, Mechanisms and Materials 4, no. 65 (2023): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.46864/1995-0470-2023-4-65-76-84.

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The paper presents the results of thermodynamic analysis showing that the use of nanodiamonds with a thin graphite-like coating formed by surface graphitization of nanodiamonds makes it possible to increase the thermodynamic stimulus for the formation of a diamond structure under conditions of high pressures and temperatures. For a thin carbon film with a disordered structure (amorphous carbon, soot), the pressure of transition into diamond will exceed the equilibrium pressure due to the lower surface energy of amorphous carbon compared to the surface energy of graphite. In this case, a decrea

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Tsuji, Ryuki, Dmitry Bogachuk, David Martineau, et al. "Function of Porous Carbon Electrode during the Fabrication of Multiporous-Layered-Electrode Perovskite Solar Cells." Photonics 7, no. 4 (2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics7040133.

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We demonstrate the effect of sheet conductivity and infiltration using the example of two graphite types, showing that, in general, the graphite type is very important. Amorphous and pyrolytic graphite were applied to carbon electrodes in fully printable carbon-based multiporous-layered-electrode perovskite solar cells (MPLE-PSCs): <glass/F-doped SnO2/compact-TiO2/porous-TiO2+perovskite/porous-ZrO2+perovskite/porous-carbon+perovskite>. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) using amorphous graphite-based carbon (AGC) electrode was only 5.97% due to the low short-circuit photocurrent densi

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Vityaz, P. A., V. T. Senyut, and A. M. Parnitskiy. "Analysis of transformation of a thin graphite-like carbon layer on the detonation nanodiamond surface into diamond." Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus 67, no. 4 (2023): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2023-67-4-331-339.

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The article considers the process of obtaining nanostructured diamond materials due to phase transformation of thin films based on carbon non-diamond forms on the nanodiamond surface into diamond. For the synthesis of nanostructured diamond polycrystalline superhard material, various variants of the initial mixture based on nanodiamond with non-diamond carbon on the surface are proposed (surface-graphitized nanodiamond, surface-graphitized nanodiamond with addition of purified nanodiamond, detonation diamond-containing charge with a surface layer of “amorphous” carbon, including purified nanod

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Дождиков, В. С., А. Ю. Башарин та П. Р. Левашов. "Исследование структуры градиентного аморфного углерода, полученного закалкой жидкого углерода". Журнал технической физики 93, № 3 (2023): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2023.03.54844.206-22.

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A new method for obtaining graded amorphous carbon using quenching of a graphite melt on a diamond substrate is proposed. Using molecular dynamics modeling of liquid carbon quenching on a cold diamond substrate, it is shown that the amorphous carbon obtained in the experiment is a material with a strongly gradient structure and properties along the depth of the sample. This is due to the quenching rate decrease with the distance from the substrate in the range of 10^14-10^12 K/s. In this case, the density of amorphous carbon varies from 1.50 g/cm^3 to 1.93 g/cm^3. The spatial change in the str

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Tu, Jiguo, Junxiang Wang, Shijie Li, et al. "High-efficiency transformation of amorphous carbon into graphite nanoflakes for stable aluminum-ion battery cathodes." Nanoscale 11, no. 26 (2019): 12537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr03112j.

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Xiaoguo, Cao, Li Dongcai, Hong Zhiwei, Zhang Fengjun, and Zhang Xinjun. "Molecular dynamics simulation of the amorphous graphite-like membrane deposited on ideal graphite substrate." RSC Advances 13, no. 43 (2023): 30252–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra06430a.

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Rubshtein, Anna P., Alexander B. Vladimirov, and Sergey A. Plotnikov. "Composition, Structure and Mechanical Properties of CrAlC Films Deposited by Arc Sputtering Technique." Solid State Phenomena 279 (August 2018): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.279.160.

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A focus point in this work was the research of the influence of deposition condition on properties of CrAlC films. CrAlC films were deposited by arc sputtering technique using arc sputtering of Cr-Al target and pulse arc sputtering of graphite target at different frequency. The multilayer [(CrAlC)+(a-C)]ncoatings were also obtained and investigated. Multilayer [(CrAlC)+(a-C)]nwere deposited with a systematic alternation of the pair [(CrAlC)+(a-C)], where a-C is the amorphous carbon layer. The structure, mechanical properties and fracture toughness of CrAlC films depend on pulse frequencies of

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Landais, Patrick, Jean Dubessy, Jean-Marie Dereppe, and R. Paul Philp. "Characterization of graphite alteration and bitumen genesis in the Cigar Lake deposit (Saskatchewan, Canada)." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, no. 4 (1993): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-060.

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Bitumens collected in the east zone of the Cigar Lake deposit have been analyzed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, pyrolysis – gas chromatography, Rock-Eval, and C. H, and O methods. Carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions and uranium contents have been determined. Results indicate that the bitumens consist mainly of aromatic structures (Fa ≈ 60%) and have undergone a late oxidation process. Similarities in carbon isotopic composition (−27.5‰ > δ13C > −28.2‰) between barren bitumens (U < 300 ppm) and graphite collected in the basement gneisses, as well as evidence for progressive d

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Savoskin, M. V., A. P. Yaroshenko, N. I. Lazareva, V. N. Mochalin, and R. D. Mysyk. "Using graphite intercalation compounds for producing exfoliated graphite–amorphous carbon–TiO2 composites." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 67, no. 5-6 (2006): 1205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2006.01.049.

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Wang, Faze, Fanggang Li, Maojun Zheng, Yanbo Li, and Li Ma. "The rational design of hierarchical MoS2 nanosheet hollow spheres sandwiched between carbon and TiO2@graphite as an improved anode for lithium-ion batteries." Nanoscale Advances 1, no. 5 (2019): 1957–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9na00019d.

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Lee, Joong Kee, and Tae Jin Park. "Electrochemical Characteristics of Nano-Silicon/Graphite Composite for the Anode Material of Lithium Secondary Batteries." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 1074–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.1074.

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Silicon coated graphite particles prepared by gas suspension spray method were used as a raw material for the battery anode, which showed high specific capacity and good cycle performance. The improvement of electrochemical performance seems to be due to the formation of amorphous silicon-carbon black composite layer on the surface of the graphite particles. It has a stable structure under repeated volume expansion and contraction.

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Wang, Yongjun, Hongxuan Li, Li Ji, et al. "Study on the microstructure and properties of graphite-like carbon films deposited by unbalanced magnetron sputtering." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 226, no. 8 (2012): 714–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650112437508.

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A series of graphite-like amorphous carbon films were deposited by unbalanced magnetron sputtering system with different sputtering currents. The microstructure, morphology, contact angle, and tribological properties of the resultant carbon films were subsequently investigated by means of different characterization techniques. Raman analysis shows that the resultant amorphous carbon films are dominated by sp2 sites, and the intensity ratio of the D and G peaks increases gradually from ∼4.1 to ∼5.4 with decrease in the sputtering current from 16 to 4 A, which is one order of magnitude larger th

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