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Journal articles on the topic 'Amphetamines'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Martin-Iverson, Mathew T., and Bruce A. Lodge. "Effects of chronic treatment of rats with "designer" amphetamines on brain regional monoamines." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 69, no. 12 (1991): 1825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y91-270.

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(+)-Amphetamine and two structurally related analogues, 4-methoxyamphetamine and a recent "designer drug," 4-ethoxy-amphetamine, were given to rats via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps for 1–14 days. Regional brain levels of the drugs as well as monoamine neurotransmitters and some of their major acidic metabolites were determined. Amphetamine produced depletions of dopamine in the striatum after at least 3 days of treatment but not in the nucleus accumbens or olfactory tubercle, even after 14 days of treatment. In contrast, the two ring-substituted amphetamine analogues increased levels of the

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Al-Imam, Ahmed. "Adverse Effects of Amphetamines on the Cardiovascular System: Review and Retrospective Analyses of Trends." Global Journal of Health Science 9, no. 11 (2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n11p102.

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BACKGROUND: Amphetamine and amphetamine-type stimulants are powerful physical and psychostimulants; they are phenethylamine derivatives. The use of amphetamines can be either medicinal or illicit. Several amphetamines have been redesigned into illegal drugs of potent properties, also known as research chemicals and designer drugs. Hence, they are named novel (new) psychoactive substances (NPS).MATERIALS & METHODS: This study is a hybrid study of; data crunching and retrospective analysis of a trends database (1), and a systematic review of literature in relation to the amphetamines-induced

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Woodworth, Alison, Al N. Saunders, John W. Koenig, Thomas P. Moyer, John Turk, and Dennis J. Dietzen. "Differentiation of Amphetamine/Methamphetamine and Other Cross-Immunoreactive Sympathomimetic Amines in Urine Samples by Serial Dilution Testing." Clinical Chemistry 52, no. 4 (2006): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.060616.

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Abstract Background: Immunoassay-based screening for amphetamines has a variable positive predictive value (PPV) for detecting amphetamine abuse. The lack of immunoassay specificity necessitates confirmatory testing by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), but the technical complexity and expense of GC/MS limit its availability. Physicians may make decisions regarding patient disposition based on unverified results. In this study we assessed the utility of using dose–response properties to distinguish urine samples containing amphetamines from samples containing cross-immunoreactive sp

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K., Rajeswar Dutt1 Mahesh Kumar Yadav2 Abrarul Haque3 Maheshwar Kumar4 Abhishek Kumar4 Sunny Kumar5 Deepak Kumar5 Pratik Mondal5 Nisha Kumari5 Balraj Kumar5 Gautam Mahto5 Arnab Roy6* Bina Kumari5 Sunny Kumar5 Shweta Kumari5. "Exploring the Multifaceted Mechanisms of Amphetamines and Their Impact on Neurotransmission." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 5 (2024): 307–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11142830.

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Amphetamine (AMPH) and its derivatives, exhibiting diverse structures and psychoactive effects, share similarities with the botanical diversity of orchids. This review delves into the multifaceted mechanisms underlying their primary biological impact: the elevation of extracellular catecholamines and serotonin levels. We explore these mechanisms independently of classical transmitter release pathways, providing historical context and future research directions. While traditionally referred to in plural form, we cautiously define "the amphetamines" to encompass compounds sharing an α-meth

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Deng, Ashley, and Eduardo Espiridion. "Relationship of Amphetamines in Reducing Substance Abuse Risks Among ADHD Patients." Transformative Medicine 3, no. 4 (2024): 117–24. https://doi.org/10.54299/tmed/neui7615.

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Introduction: Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects a substantial portion of the global population, influencing cognitive and behavioral function. Current treatments often involve stimulant medications like amphetamines, which are controlled substances due to their addiction potential. Non-stimulant options, such as atomoxetine, are typically considered secondary therapies. This study examines the relationship between ADHD medication use and the subsequent development of psychoactive, stimulant, and cocaine-related substance use disorders. Methods: Using the TriNetX database,

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Obaid, Sami, Lior M. Elkaim, Charles Gariepy, Harrison J. Westwick, Sung-Joo Yuh, and Daniel Shedid. "Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma related to amphetamine abuse: A case report." Surgical Neurology International 13 (February 4, 2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_1114_2021.

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Background: Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare condition that is typically associated with hypertension, the use of antithrombotic or sympathomimetic drugs. Here, we report a case of SSEH attributed to the use of amphetamines. Case Description: A 27-year-old amphetamine user presented with the sudden onset of paraplegia (Frankel A) following amphetamine use. An MRI revealed C7–T2 spinal cord compression due to an epidural hematoma. Following a negative angiogram, the SSEH was removed, and the patient markedly recovered. Notably, by exclusion, the etiology for the SSEH was at

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Al-Asmari, Ahmed I., Faiz D. Al-Solami, Abdulnasser E. Al-Zahrani, and Torki A. Zughaibi. "Post-Mortem Quantitation of Amphetamine in Cadaveric Fluids in Saudi Arabia." Forensic Sciences 2, no. 1 (2022): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci2010017.

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Amphetamine abuse is a known problem in Saudi Arabia; it is estimated that 40% of drug abusers misuse amphetamines. Here, our aim was to perform an up-to-date epidemiological study of amphetamine-related postmortem cases in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, in which 235 postmortem cases were included. The largest number of cases was recorded for the groups aged between 31 and 40 years (86 cases) and the lowest number of cases was recorded for the group aged between 61 and 70 years old (5 cases). Amphetamine was co-ingested with other drug(s) in 55% of the total cases (blood with sodium fluoride (BN), medi

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8

Jupe, T., N. Stamoulis, and A. Varsamis. "Pathophysiology and Management of Amphetamine-Related Psychiatric Disorders." European Psychiatry 67, S1 (2024): S414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.854.

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IntroductionAmphetamines may induce symptoms of psychosis very similar to those of acute schizophrenia spectrum psychosis. This has been an argument for using amphetamine-induced psychosis as a model for primary psychotic disorders. To distinguish the two types of psychosis on the basis of acute symptoms is difficult. However, acute psychosis induced by amphetamines seems to have a faster recovery and appears to resolve more completely compared to schizophrenic psychosis.ObjectivesThe objectives of this e-poster is to identify the pathophysiology of amphetamine-related psychiatric disorders an

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Moselhy, H. F., G. Georgiou, A. Kahn, and E. Day. "A survey of amphetamine prescribing by drug services in the East and West Midlands." Psychiatric Bulletin 26, no. 2 (2002): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.26.2.61.

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Aims and MethodThis study aimed to assess the current level of amphetamine prescribing for adults in drug services in the West and East Midlands. A questionnaire was developed to investigate prescribing habits and attitudes, and was addressed to the senior member of staff in each drug service within the West and East Midlands area.ResultsA total of 41 services were identified, and 29 questionnaires were returned (a 71% response rate). Of the services that replied, 20 (69%) prescribed amphetamines, with 132 (12%) patients identified as amphetamine misusers currently receiving a prescription. Ho

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Nevescanin, Marina, Sonja Banovic-Stevic, Slobodan Petrovic, and Vlatka Vajs. "Analysis of amphetamines illegally produced in Serbia." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 73, no. 7 (2008): 691–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0807691n.

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Forensic practice in the Republic of Serbia faced the illegal production of amphetamine for the first time in 2003. This paper presents the results of the chemical characterization of 32 batches of amphetamine samples from three separate cases, for the purpose of identification of the active components and additives. Through the profiling of impurities of all samples, using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), 30 compounds associated with amphetamine were identified. The results of the analysis of powder tartrate, sulfate and phosphate salts of amphetamine, as well as variously formul

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Wagner, Gabriela Arantes, Lúcio Garcia de Oliveira, Lucia Pereira Barroso, et al. "Drug use in college students: a 13-year trend." Revista de Saúde Pública 46, no. 3 (2012): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-89102012005000033.

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OBJECTIVE: To analyze drug use trends among college students in 1996, 2001 and 2009. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study with a multistage stratified cluster sample with 9,974 college students was conducted in the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on drug use assessed in lifetime, the preceding 12 months and the preceding 30 days. The Bonferroni correction was used for multiple comparisons of drug use rates between surveys. RESULTS: There were changes in the lifetime use of tobacco and some other dr

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Leclercq, Marion, Marion Soichot, Brigitte Delhotal-Landes, et al. "False positive amphetamines and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine immunoassays in the presence of metoprolol—two cases reported in clinical toxicology." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 44, no. 2 (2019): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz051.

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Abstract Amphetamines, frequently used recreational drugs with high risk of toxicity, are commonly included in urine drug screens. This screening is based on enzyme immunoassay, which is a quick and easy-to-perform technique, but may lack specificity resulting from cross-reactivity with other compounds, causing false positive results. We present two cases of presumed false positive MULTIGENT® amphetamine/methamphetamine and MULTIGENT® ecstasy (Abbott®) immunoassays with the beta-blocker metoprolol. Both metoprolol-poisoned patients presented positive urine screening despite no history of drug

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Fonseca, Juliana Gusmão, Gustavo Magalhães Viana, Joyce Elen Murça de Souza, and Luiza Augusta Rosa Rossi-Barbosa. "FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO USO DE ANFETAMINAS ENTRE CAMINHONEIROS." Revista Interdisciplinar de Estudos em Saúde 8, no. 1 (2019): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33362/ries.v8i1.1474.

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As anfetaminas conhecidas como "rebites" são normalmente utilizadas por caminhoneiros. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência e fatores associados à utilização autorrelatada de anfetaminas entre caminhoneiros que trafegam na rodovia BR 251, no trecho de Montes Claros, MG, com parada em um posto de combustível. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo com seleção dos indivíduos por amostragem de conveniência. Foi utilizado um questionário com dados sociodemográficos, econômicos, ocupacionais e relacionados às anfetaminas. Realizou-se a análise bivariada, cuja variável dep

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Halfman, C. J., and D. W. Jay. "Homogeneous, micelle quenching fluoroimmunoassay for detecting amphetamines in urine." Clinical Chemistry 32, no. 9 (1986): 1677–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.9.1677.

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Abstract We developed a homogeneous fluoroimmunoassay for detecting amphetamines in urine. Only fluorescence intensity need be measured because the emission of non-protein-bound fluorescein-labeled amphetamine is preferentially quenched by detergent micelles. In a previous reported prototype assay system for measuring gentamicin in serum we used fluorescein and dodecyl sulfate (Anal Chem 1985; 57:1928-30). We have found that favorable hydrophobic and (or) ionic character of the analyte and unfavorable polar and (or) ionic character of the fluor are important determinants of the desired interac

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Yarnold, Barbara M. "Use in 1992 of Amphetamines among Miami's Public School Students." Psychological Reports 81, no. 2 (1997): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.2.411.

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This analysis examined self-reported amphetamine use by 473 adolescents in Dade County, Florida public schools in 1992. Significant factors which increase the probability of use include peers' use of amphetamines and the fact that the adolescent is a female.

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Beck, O., M. Kraft, M. R. Moeller, B. L. Smith, S. Schneider, and R. Wennig. "Frontline ® immunochromatographic device for on-site urine testing of amphetamines: laboratory validation using authentic specimens." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 37, no. 2 (2000): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0004563001899005.

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We evaluated a new test device for amphetamines and methamphetamines (Frontline ®, cut-off limit 300 ng/mL) using authentic clinical and forensic specimens. The device is based on immunochromatography and is dipped into urine and read visually by comparison with a colour scale after a few minutes. A total of 658 specimens were tested by comparing results of the screening procedure with established immunoassays. Discordant results were further investigated by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry or gas chromatography (with flame ionization detector). The Frontline device had a sensitivity of 9

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Breivik Storvestre, Guttorm, Arvid Jensen, Espen Bjerke, et al. "S97. IS EARLY DEBUT OF SUBSTANCE USE ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLENT OFFENDING IN SCHIZOPHRENIA?" Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (2020): S71—S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.163.

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Abstract Background Substance use is one of many risk factors for schizophrenia, and substance use is also associated with violent offending. This study compared a group of individuals suffering from schizophrenia with a history of violent offending (SCZ-V) to a group of schizophrenia patients without any history of violent offending (SCZ-NV). We investigated whether there is a difference between the SCZ-V and SCZ-NV groups when it comes to lifetime use, and debut age for use, of alcohol, cannabis, and amphetamines. Methods This study examined the overall lifetime substance-use and the debut a

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Perez-Downes, Julio, Abdulwahab Hritani, Candice Baldeo, and Patrick Antoun. "Amphetamine Containing Dietary Supplements and Acute Myocardial Infarction." Case Reports in Cardiology 2016 (2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6404856.

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Weight loss is one of the most researched and marketed topics in American society. Dietary regimens, medications that claim to boost the metabolism, and the constant pressure to fit into society all play a role in our patient’s choices regarding new dietary products. One of the products that are well known to suppress appetite and cause weight loss is amphetamines. While these medications suppress appetite, most people are not aware of the detrimental side effects of amphetamines, including hypertension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, and in certain instances acute myocardial infarction. Here we pr

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Salim, Sarnia, and Dyna Grace Romatua Aruan. "IDENTIFIKASI AMFETAMIN PADA URINE SOPIR ANGKOT DI PAJAK HORAS PEMATANGSIANTAR." JURNAL ANALIS LABORATORIUM MEDIK 8, no. 1 (2023): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51544/jalm.v8i1.3989.

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The prevalence of drug abuse is quite high in Indonesia in the land transportation sector, including public transportation. Amphetamines are among the most widely used drugs in the community which are included in the Psychotropic class II. Amphetamines are also a group of drugs that stimulate the central nervous system, which can affect the brain's cortex to increase mental activity. Amphetamines can trigger the release of several neurotransmitters in the body, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serQotonin. The increase caused by these neurotransmitters can increase energy stimulation, incr

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Reissig, James E., and Amy M. Rybarczyk. "Pharmacologic Treatment of Opioid-Induced Sedation in Chronic Pain." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 39, no. 4 (2005): 727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1e309.

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OBJECTIVE: To review the literature for pharmacologic management of opioid-induced sedation (OIS) in patients with chronic pain. DATA SOURCES: A search of MEDLINE (1966–October 2004) for English-language literature and selected bibliographies was completed. Search terms included pain, opioid, sedation, psychostimulants, amphetamines, modafinil, and donepezil. DATA SYNTHESIS: Amphetamines and amphetamine-like agents, caffeine, donepezil, and modafinil have been evaluated for OIS. Available literature is limited by numbers of subjects, duration, and trial design; however, there is limited suppor

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Oliveira, Lúcio Garcia de, Bernardo dos Santos, Priscila Dib Gonçalves, Heráclito de Barbosa Carvalho, Eduardo Massad, and Vilma Leyton. "Attention performance among Brazilian truck drivers and its association with amphetamine use: pilot study." Revista de Saúde Pública 47, no. 5 (2013): 1001–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-8910.2013047004702.

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The aim of this article was to describe the attention functioning of twenty-two truck drivers and its relationship with amphetamine use. Those drivers who reported using amphetamines in the twelve months previous to the interview had the best performance in a test evaluating sustained attention functioning. Although amphetamine use may initially seem advantageous to the drivers, it may actually impair safe driving. The findings suggest the importance of monitoring the laws regarding amphetamine use in this country.

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Solmi, Marco, Michele Fornaro, Kuniyoshi Toyoshima, et al. "Systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis of the efficacy, safety, and biological effects of psychostimulants and atomoxetine in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder." CNS Spectrums 24, no. 5 (2018): 479–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852918001050.

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ObjectiveOur aim was to summarize the efficacy and safety of atomoxetine, amphetamines, and methylphenidate in schizophrenia.MethodsWe undertook a systematic review, searching PubMed/Scopus/Clinicaltrials.gov for double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies of psychostimulants or atomoxetine in schizophrenia published up to 1 January 2017. A meta-analysis of outcomes reported in two or more studies is presented.ResultsWe included 22 studies investigating therapeutic effects of stimulants (k=14) or measuring symptomatic worsening/relapse prediction after stimulant challenge (k=6). Six s

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O'Reilly, Bridie, Paul Rysavy, and Chris Moon. "The Illicit Drug Reporting System (IDRS) 1999: Northern Territory drug patterns and trends." South Pacific Journal of Psychology 11, no. 2 (1999): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0257543400000602.

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AbstractThe national Illicit Drug Reporting System acts as an early warning system to detect and track amphetamine, heroin, cannabis, and cocaine use patterns and emerging trends. In the Northern Territory, structured interviews of 28 key informants and analysis of other drug indicator data, demonstrated that there was were diverse groups of amphetamine, opiate, and cannabis users in Darwin. There were reports of increasing use by Aborigines and youth. Amphetamines and morphine were usually injected and there had been a 338% increase in needle and syringe distribution in the 4 years to 1998/99

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Armbruster, D. A., E. C. Hubster, M. S. Kaufman, and M. K. Ramon. "Cloned enzyme donor immunoassay (CEDIA) for drugs-of-abuse screening." Clinical Chemistry 41, no. 1 (1995): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/41.1.92.

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Abstract Large numbers of specimens (5000-18,000) were screened for amphetamines, barbiturates, cocaine, marijuana, opiates, and phencyclidine by RIA (Roche), Emit II (Syva), and a new immunoassay, CEDIA (cloned enzyme donor immunoassay, Microgenics). All immunoassays performed equivalently for cocaine, opiates, and phencyclidine. All immunoassays detected the same amphetamine/methamphetamine-positive specimens, but all also detected numerous specimens containing cross-reacting sympathomimetic amines. CEDIA detected 100%, Emit II 93%, and RIA 82% of the barbiturate-positive specimens. Emit II

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McBride, Shawna M., and Francis W. Flynn. "Centrally administered vasopressin cross-sensitizes rats to amphetamine and drinking hypertonic NaCl." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 293, no. 3 (2007): R1452—R1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00048.2007.

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Prior sodium restriction cross-sensitizes rats to the psychomotor effects of amphetamines and vice versa. Repeated central injections of vasopressin (VP) induce a psychomotor sensitization similar to amphetamine sensitization and repeated sodium deficiency. Thus brain VP signaling may be a common mechanism involved in mediating these two motivational systems. In experiment 1, we tested the hypothesis that rats previously sensitized to central VP would show enhanced psychomotor responses to amphetamine. Rats were administered saline, VP (50 ng), or amphetamine (1 mg/kg or 3 mg/kg) on days 1 and

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Loosmore, S., and D. Armstrong. "Do-Do Abuse." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 2 (1990): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.2.278.

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Three cases of prolonged abuse of Do-Do tablets, an over-the-counter remedy for “coughs, wheezing and breathlessness”, are reported. They have an amphetamine-like action and were used as easily obtained amphetamine substitutes, in one case to relieve social anxiety. Withdrawal symptoms similar to those following cessation of amphetamines occurred in two cases. Do-Do tablets are CNS stimulants and their abuse may be accounted for by the fact that they perhaps affect amine neurotransmitters.

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Elk, Carrie. "MDMA (Ecstacy): Useful Information for Health Professionals Involved in Drug Education Programs." Journal of Drug Education 26, no. 4 (1996): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/k2pl-q2yf-wng0-54qd.

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3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; “Ecstacy”) is an amphetamine derivative that is related chemically to both amphetamines and hallucinogens. Despite reports of an increase in MDMA usage among adolescents and young adults in the past decade, systematic scientific information concerning MDMA and its effects remains insufficient, thus limiting or eliminating MDMA from inclusion in the drug education curriculum.

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Saud D AlOtaibi, Ashraf M. Emara, and Hossam Abdelkader Elsisi. "Mechanisms of psychiatric disorders induced by amphetamines: A comprehensive review." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 11, no. 1 (2024): 260–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.11.1.0007.

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Objectives: Amphetamines are stimulants and addictive drugs. Saudi officials announced in 2023 a huge campaign against abused drugs. Numerous studies have shown that amphetamines abuse may affect the functions and structures of the brain and result in damage and psychiatric disorders. Nothing evidence was gathered and summarized for all available mechanisms to induce psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we summarized the alterations that cause psychiatric disorders. Methods: We are accessed the studies included in our scope by conducting a literature review involves using engines of the health da

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Sinha, Archana, O’Dene Lewis, Rajan Kumar, Sri Lakshmi Hyndavi Yeruva, and Bryan H. Curry. "Amphetamine Abuse Related Acute Myocardial Infarction." Case Reports in Cardiology 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7967851.

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Amphetamine abuse is a global problem. The cardiotoxic manifestations like acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, or arrhythmia related to misuse of amphetamine and its synthetic derivatives have been documented but are rather rare. Amphetamine-related AMI is even rarer. We report two cases of men who came to emergency department (ED) with chest pain, palpitation, or seizure and were subsequently found to have myocardial infarction associated with the use of amphetamines. It is crucial that, with increase in amphetamine abuse, clinicians are aware of this potentially dire complicati

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Hasenhuetl, Peter S., Shreyas Bhat, Felix P. Mayer, Harald H. Sitte, Michael Freissmuth, and Walter Sandtner. "A kinetic account for amphetamine-induced monoamine release." Journal of General Physiology 150, no. 3 (2018): 431–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201711915.

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The plasmalemmal monoamine transporters for dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin (SERT) are targets for amphetamines. In vivo, amphetamines elicit most, if not all, of their actions by triggering monoamine efflux. This is thought to be accomplished by an amphetamine-induced switch from the forward-transport to the substrate-exchange mode. The mechanism underlying this switch has remained elusive; available kinetic models posit that substrates and cosubstrate Na+ ions bind either in a random or in a sequential order. Neither can account for all reported experimental observations. We used ele

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Warner, A. "Interference of common household chemicals in immunoassay methods for drugs of abuse." Clinical Chemistry 35, no. 4 (1989): 648–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.4.648.

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Abstract I report how some adulterants affect results for drugs of abuse in urine as measured by Roche RIA, Syva emit d.a.u., and Abbott TDx fpia (fluorescence polarization immunoassay) for the following drugs: amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, and phencyclidine (PCP). Sodium chloride interfered negatively with all of these drugs when assayed by emit and caused a slight decrease in measured benzodiazepine concentration by fpia. Drug concentrations were also decreased by added H2O2 (emit: benzodiazepine), Joy detergent (emit: cannabinoid, benzodiazepin

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Czyż, Anna, Katarzyna Pawlak, Emilia Waraksa, and Tomasz Bieńkowski. "Comprehensive Profiling of Illicit Amphetamines Seized in Poland: Insights from Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry and Chemometric Analysis." Molecules 30, no. 3 (2025): 579. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30030579.

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The illicit production and distribution of amphetamines present significant challenges to public health and law enforcement, particularly in Europe, where these substances dominate the stimulant market. This study aimed to profile amphetamines consumed within a Polish community by employing gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemometric techniques to analyze their chemical composition and associated impurities. The optimized GC-MS methodology facilitated the identification of synthesis markers, precursor origins, and distribution patterns. Impurity profiling provided critical ins

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Giacovelli, L., V. Battini, M. Boscacci, C. Carnovale, and B. Dell’Osso. "Psychotropic drugs cross-reactivity with amphetamines in a FAERS sample: an international pharmacovigilance study." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (2022): S344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.875.

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Introduction Urine Drug Screening (USD) is one of the most used techniques for drug testing. However, one of the main issues related to USD is the high frequency of cross-reactivity with other molecules. Amphetamines, because of their simple structures, are highly subjected to cross-reactivity with other molecules. Objectives Our aim was to investigate and characterize the role of psychopharmacological drugs in the occurrence of false-positive amphetamine drug screening, by performing an international pharmacovigilance study through the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting Syst

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Sassi, Karina Lúcia Moreira, Natalia Pessoa Rocha, Gabriela Delevati Colpo, Vineeth John, and Antonio Lucio Teixeira. "Amphetamine Use in the Elderly: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Current Neuropharmacology 18, no. 2 (2020): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159x17666191010093021.

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Objective: To systematically review the literature on the therapeutic use of amphetamine, lisdexamfetamine and methylphenidate in elderly population with and without dementia. Methods: We conducted two researches on the PubMed, Scopus and Embase using the keywords (“elderly”) AND (“amphetamine” OR “methylphenidate” OR “lisdexamfetamine”) and then (“Alzheimer” OR “dementia”) AND (“amphetamine” OR “methylphenidate” OR “lisdexamfetamine”). Results: Twenty-nine papers met all the eligibility criteria. The results are encouraging as 81.5% of the studies showed clinical improvement of the investigat

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&NA;. "Amphetamines." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 903 (2002): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200209030-00014.

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Schilderman, Marcela. "Amphetamines." London Student Journal of Medicine 1, no. 1 (2009): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4201/lsjm.psy.001.

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Miller, Norman S. "Amphetamines:." Advances in Alcohol & Substance Abuse 8, no. 2 (1989): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j251v08n02_03.

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Botsford, Daniel R. "Amphetamines." JAMA 296, no. 23 (2006): 2859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.296.23.2859.

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Oliveira, Lúcio Garcia de, Letícia Maria de Araújo de Souza, Lúcia Pereira Barroso, et al. "Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers." Revista de Saúde Pública 49 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005944.

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OBJECTIVE To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for.METHODS Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to id

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Richards, John R., Valeria F. Farias, and Chris S. Clingan. "Association of Leukocytosis with Amphetamine and Cocaine Use." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/207651.

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Objective. Determining the etiology of unexplained leukocytosis in asymptomatic patients may incur unnecessary testing, cost, and prolonged emergency department stay. The objective was to delineate if use of amphetamines and/or cocaine is a factor.Methods. For two years we reviewed all psychiatric patients presenting for medical clearance with exclusions for infection, epilepsy, trauma, or other nonpsychiatric medical conditions.Results. With a total of 1,206 patients, 877 (72.7%) amphetamines/cocaine-negative drug screen controls had mean WBC8.4±2.6×103/µL. The 240 (19.9%) amphetamines-positi

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Mora, Francisco, and Alberto Porras. "Effects of amphetamine on the release of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia of the conscious rat." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 71, no. 5-6 (1993): 348–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y93-054.

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The effects of systemic injections of amphetamine sulfate on the release of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and glutamine were studied using a push–pull perfusion system in the conscious rat. Amphetamine produced a dose-related increase of the extracellular levels of aspartic acid and glutamic acid. The mean time effect of amphetamine was 40 min, followed by a recovery to baseline levels. The mean percentage increase in amino acids released by the highest dose of amphetamine (5 mg/kg) was as follows: Asp, 334.6%; Glu, 224.5%; and Gln, 317.6%. All these effects were blocked by the dopamine D1–D2

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Kanza Hanun Nafisah, Liska Virgiawari Aji Rabbani, Khaila Zaharani Riyanto, Ira Amelia Putri, Jihan Al Ihsani, and Dwi Larasati Setyaningrum. "Studi Literatur : Analisis Efek Toksik pada Kasus Bunuh Diri Akibat Penggunaan Amfetamin." JURNAL RISET RUMPUN ILMU KESEHATAN 4, no. 2 (2025): 520–26. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrikes.v4i2.5769.

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This study aims to analyze the toxic effects brought about by amphetamine use and its association with suicides. Suicide is an act of ending one's own life that is often associated with mental health disorders and life pressures. Amphetamines are classified as Class II psychotropic drugs that have a strong stimulant effect on the central nervous system, causing changes in behavior and mental activity, including hallucinations, thought disorders, and emotional changes. This study was conducted based on a literature review, identifying and analyzing various suicide cases involving amphetamine us

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Trotti, Lynn Marie, Tyler Blake, Romy Hoque, David Rye, Surina Sharma, and Donald Bliwise. "0635 Modafinil vs Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine for Idiopathic Hypersomnia & Narcolepsy Type 2: A Non-inferiority Trial." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (2024): A271—A272. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0635.

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Abstract Introduction Despite recent introduction of several FDA-approved treatments for narcolepsy, clinical management of narcolepsy type 2 (NT2) and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) still relies heavily on treatment with modafinil and amphetamines. While modafinil has a strong recommendation for use in these disorders by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, clinical trial evidence regarding efficacy of amphetamines is scarce. Methods We performed a 12-week, randomized, fully-blinded, non-inferiority trial to determine if amphetamine-dextroamphetamine was non-inferior to modafinil in people wi

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Poulton, Antoinette, Natalie Gauci, Hazer Khalifa, Emily J. Hibbert, and Alison S. Poulton. "The Impact of Dexamphetamine Treatment for Obesity on Executive Function: A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Pilot Study." Brain Sciences 14, no. 12 (2024): 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14121274.

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Background: Amphetamines increase dopamine levels in mid-brain regions which, in turn, impact top-down executive function. Repeated exposure is linked to substance use disorders. Nonetheless, amphetamines are used to manage attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and eating-related disorders. In ADHD, amphetamines upregulate a system characterised by low dopaminergic tone, assisting to improve executive function. A similar process might be at play with eating disorders; however, the effect of amphetamine treatment on executive function in this case has not been thoroughly considered. M

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Shi, Jia-Wei, Jing-Feng Zhou, Xiong He, and Yun Zhang. "Rapid Analysis of Four Amphetamines in Urine by Self-Made Pipette-Tip Solid-Phase Extraction Followed by GC-MS/MS." Journal of Chromatographic Science 58, no. 6 (2020): 569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmaa018.

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Abstract A simple and rapid pipette-tip solid-phase extraction (PT-SPE) procedure with derivatization prior to gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry analysis is developed for the simultaneous determination of amphetamine (AMP), methamphetamine (MA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in urine samples. The PT-SPE procedure using self-made sorbent could extract drugs within 6 min from 100-μL urine samples, requiring low solvent-consumption (&lt;2.0 mL). Besides, the self-made pipette tip could be reused at least five times. Under

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Farhad, Homayoun, Shahnam Abolghasemi, and Tahereh HamzehPoor Haghighi. "The effectiveness of matrix therapy in resilience and relapse of amphetamine addicts." Journal of Adolescent and Youth Psychological Studies 5, no. 1 (2024): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.61838/kman.jayps.5.1.13.

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Background and Aim: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of matrix therapy in resilience and relapse in amphetamine addicts. Research method: This research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design, an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of the research consists of 1,400 men addicted to amphetamines, self-referred to addiction treatment centers in Tehran. Sampling According to the sample drop, 40 people from the community were selected by available sampling method and they were randomly selected into two groups

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Zhou, Xun, Jamal Bouitbir, Matthias E. Liechti, Stephan Krähenbühl, and Riccardo V. Mancuso. "Para-Halogenation of Amphetamine and Methcathinone Increases the Mitochondrial Toxicity in Undifferentiated and Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 8 (2020): 2841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21082841.

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Halogenation of amphetamines and methcathinones has become a common method to obtain novel psychoactive substances (NPS) also called “legal highs”. The para-halogenated derivatives of amphetamine and methcathinone are available over the internet and have entered the illicit drug market but studies on their potential neurotoxic effects are rare. The primary aim of this study was to explore the neurotoxicity of amphetamine, methcathinone and their para-halogenated derivatives 4-fluoroamphetamine (4-FA), 4-chloroamphetamine (PCA), 4-fluoromethcathinone (4-FMC), and 4-chloromethcathinone (4-CMC) i

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Green, PA, CLF Battersby, RM Heath, and L. McCrossan. "A fatal case of amphetamine induced ischaemic colitis." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 99, no. 7 (2017): e200-e201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2016.0350.

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Amphetamine induced ischaemic colitis is an exceedingly rare presentation of amphetamine toxicity. The cases reported in the literature have described mild or transient disease. We present a fatal case of ischaemic colitis induced by amphetamine use in a 44-year-old woman who presented in extremis after a cardiac arrest en route to the emergency department. A short history of headache, abdominal pain, vomiting and agitation preceded her admission. Imaging revealed changes consistent with ischaemic colitis. Emergency laparotomy revealed widespread colonic necrosis necessitating a subtotal colec

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Shapovalov, Valentyn. "Interdisciplinary Legal, Forensic and Pharmaceutical, Forensic and Chemical, Forensic and Narcological, Forensic and Toxicological, Criminal and Legal Study of the Illegal Trafficking of Amphetamine." SSP Modern Law and Practice 3, no. 3 (2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53933/sspmlp.v3i3.108.

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Noted that the illegal circulation of amphetamine in the world is growing. A legal, forensic and pharmaceutical, forensic and chemical, forensic and narcological, forensic and toxicological, forensic and psychiatric, criminal and legal study of the illegal circulation and distribution of amphetamine and its derivatives in an interdisciplinary context was conducted. The classification and legal group of amphetamine has been established. The experience of the international anti-narcotic association on the impact of amphetamine on life, the state of the body, and side effects was studied. Forensi

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&NA;. "Amphetamines abuse." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1416 (2012): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201214160-00026.

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