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Journal articles on the topic 'Amphibians Australia Molecular aspects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Villacorta-Rath, Cecilia, Conrad J. Hoskin, Jan M. Strugnell, and Damien Burrows. "Long distance (>20 km) downstream detection of endangered stream frogs suggests an important role for eDNA in surveying for remnant amphibian populations." PeerJ 9 (September 27, 2021): e12013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12013.

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Background Globally, amphibian species have suffered drastic population declines over the past 40 years. Hundreds of species are now listed as Critically Endangered, with many of these considered “possibly extinct”. Most of these species are stream-dwelling frogs inhabiting remote, montane areas, where remnant populations are hard to find using traditional surveys. Environmental DNA (eDNA) could revolutionize surveys for ‘missing’ and endangered amphibian populations by screening water samples from downstream sections to assess presence in the upstream catchments. However, the utility of this

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van Wilgen, Nicola J., Micaela S. Gillespie, David M. Richardson, and John Measey. "A taxonomically and geographically constrained information base limits non-native reptile and amphibian risk assessment: a systematic review." PeerJ 6 (November 8, 2018): e5850. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5850.

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For many taxa, new records of non-native introductions globally occur at a near exponential rate. We undertook a systematic review of peer-reviewed publications on non-native herpetofauna, to assess the information base available for assessing risks of future invasions, resulting in 836 relevant papers. The taxonomic and geographic scope of the literature was also compared to a published database of all known invasions globally. We found 1,116 species of herpetofauna, 95% of which were present in fewer than 12 studies. Nearly all literature on the invasion ecology of herpetofauna has appeared

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3

Lips, Karen R. "Overview of chytrid emergence and impacts on amphibians." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1709 (2016): 20150465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0465.

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Chytridiomycosis is an emerging infectious disease of amphibians that affects over 700 species on all continents where amphibians occur. The amphibian–chytridiomycosis system is complex, and the response of any amphibian species to chytrid depends on many aspects of the ecology and evolutionary history of the amphibian, the genotype and phenotype of the fungus, and how the biological and physical environment can mediate that interaction. Impacts of chytridiomycosis on amphibians are varied; some species have been driven extinct, populations of others have declined severely, whereas still other

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4

Arteaga Claramunt, Alba M., Nicole E. White, Michael Bunce, Morgan O'Connell, Robert D. Bullen, and Peter R. Mawson. "Determination of the diet of the ghost bat (Macroderma gigas) in the Pilbara region of Western Australia from dried prey remains and DNA metabarcoding." Australian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 3 (2018): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo18040.

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The ghost bat (Macroderma gigas) is listed as Vulnerable in Australia, and is a difficult species to study in the wild. The published literature available on even the most basic aspects of its ecology is limited. This study describes an investigation into the diet of ghost bats occupying the Pilbara region of Western Australia, using identification of dried food remains recovered from beneath roosts in the 1980s and 1990s, and DNA metabarcoding of faecal pellets collected from roost sites during 2011–12. Ghost bat diet in the Pilbara region consists primarily of small mammal and bird species,

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5

Weitzman, Chava L., Karen Gibb, and Keith Christian. "Skin bacterial diversity is higher on lizards than sympatric frogs in tropical Australia." PeerJ 6 (November 14, 2018): e5960. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5960.

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Animal skin acts as a barrier between the organism and its environment and provides the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Thus, skin surfaces harbor communities of microbes that are interacting with both the host and its environment. Amphibian skin bacteria form distinct communities closely tied to their host species, but few studies have compared bacterial communities between amphibians and other, non-amphibian sympatric animals. Notably, skin microbes on reptiles have gained little attention. We used next-generation sequencing technology to describe bacterial communities on t

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Salmon, J. A., J. K. Rivers, J. A. Donald, H. M. Shaw, W. H. McCarthy, and R. F. Kefford. "Clinical aspects of hereditary melanoma in Australia." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 59, no. 2-3 (1992): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000133235.

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7

Suzuki, Makoto, Nayuta Yakushiji, Yasuaki Nakada, Akira Satoh, Hiroyuki Ide, and Koji Tamura. "Limb Regeneration inXenopus laevisFroglet." Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.325.

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Limb regeneration in amphibians is a representative process of epimorphosis. This type of organ regeneration, in which a mass of undifferentiated cells referred to as the “blastema” proliferate to restore the lost part of the amputated organ, is distinct from morphallaxis as observed, for instance, in Hydra, in which rearrangement of pre-existing cells and tissues mainly contribute to regeneration. In contrast to complete limb regeneration in urodele amphibians, limb regeneration inXenopus, an anuran amphibian, is restricted. In this review of some aspects regarding adult limb regeneration inX

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8

Helldin, Jan Olof, and Silviu O. Petrovan. "Effectiveness of small road tunnels and fences in reducing amphibian roadkill and barrier effects at retrofitted roads in Sweden." PeerJ 7 (August 26, 2019): e7518. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7518.

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Schemes to reduce road impacts on amphibians have been implemented for decades in Europe, yet, several aspects on the effectiveness of such schemes remain poorly understood. Particularly in northern Europe, including Sweden, there is a lack of available information on road mitigation for amphibians, which is hampering implementation progress and cost-effectiveness analyses of mitigation options. Here, we present data derived from systematic counts of amphibians during spring migration at three previous hot-spots for amphibian roadkill in Sweden, where amphibian tunnels with guiding fences have

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9

Hamer, Andrew J., and Michael J. Mahony. "Life history of an endangered amphibian challenges the declining species paradigm." Australian Journal of Zoology 55, no. 2 (2007): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo06093.

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Declining species of vertebrates, including amphibians, have a life history that is characterised by low fecundity, long time to maturity, limited capacity to disperse and habitat specialisation. However, by studying aspects of the life history of an endangered amphibian in south-eastern Australia we show that a paradox may exist for some declining amphibians. We used standard mark–recapture methods over two breeding seasons (2000–01) to study a population of the green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea) on Kooragang Island, New South Wales, with the aim of determining its age structure, and

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10

Nunes, Ana L., Jennifer M. Fill, Sarah J. Davies, et al. "A global meta-analysis of the ecological impacts of alien species on native amphibians." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1897 (2019): 20182528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2528.

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The exponential increase in species introductions during the Anthropocene has brought about a major loss of biodiversity. Amphibians have suffered large declines, with more than 16% considered to be threatened by invasive species. We conducted a global meta-analysis of the impacts of alien species on native amphibians to determine which aspects of amphibian ecology are most affected by plant, invertebrate, fish, amphibian, reptile, or mammal introductions. Measures of fitness were most strongly affected; amphibian performance was consistently lower in the presence of alien species. While expos

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11

Maclaine, Alicia, Wytamma T. Wirth, Donald T. McKnight, Graham W. Burgess, and Ellen Ariel. "Ranaviruses in captive and wild Australian lizards." FACETS 5, no. 1 (2020): 758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2020-0011.

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Ranaviral infections have been associated with mass mortality events in captive and wild amphibian, fish, and reptile populations globally. In Australia, two distinct types of ranaviruses have been isolated: epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus in fish and a Frog virus 3-like ranavirus in amphibians. Experimental studies and serum surveys have demonstrated that several Australian native fish, amphibian, and reptile species are susceptible to infection and supported the theory that ranavirus is naturally circulating in Australian herpetofauna. However, ranaviral infections have not been dete

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12

LIANG, TAO. "Reporting both length and mass values to quantify body size for amphibians and reptiles." Zootaxa 5120, no. 3 (2022): 449–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5120.3.11.

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Body size is perhaps the most important trait for organism biologists, as it is associated with a myriad of ecological, evolutionary, behavioral, morphological, physiological and life-history aspects (e.g., rates of molecular evolution, metabolic rates, predation, reproduction), and with extinction risk. There are, however, several measures commonly used to quantify organism body size. Within ectothermic tetrapods, the most common measures include snout-vent length (SVL, mostly in lizards), and total length (TL, in most snakes). In endotherms, however, and especially in mammals, body mass is t

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Karraker, Nancy E., Samantha Fischer, Anchalee Aowphol, Jennifer Sheridan, and Sinlan Poo. "Signals of forest degradation in the demography of common Asian amphibians." PeerJ 6 (January 31, 2018): e4220. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4220.

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BackgroundLowland areas in tropical East and Southeast Asia have a long history of conversion from forestland to agricultural land, with many remaining forests being chronically degraded by wood cutting, livestock grazing, and burning. Wetland-breeding amphibians that have evolved in lowland forests in the region have adjusted to changes in habitat composition caused by humans’ activities, and populations continue to persist. However, we have little understanding of the impacts of forest disturbance on these species beyond assessments of abundance and distribution, and species considered to be

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14

Ficetola, Gentile Francesco, Raoul Manenti, and Pierre Taberlet. "Environmental DNA and metabarcoding for the study of amphibians and reptiles: species distribution, the microbiome, and much more." Amphibia-Reptilia 40, no. 2 (2019): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-20191194.

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Abstract In the last decade, eDNA and metabarcoding have opened new avenues to biodiversity studies; amphibians and reptiles are animals for which these new approaches have allowed great leaps forward. Here we review different approaches through which eDNA can be used to study amphibians, reptiles and many more organisms. eDNA is often used to evaluate the presence of target species in freshwaters; it has been particularly useful to detect invasive alien amphibians and secretive or rare species, but the metabarcoding approach is increasingly used as a cost-effective approach to assess entire c

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Critchley, HOD, DL Healy, CM King, and JF Leeton. "Practical Aspects of Oocyte Donation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 4, no. 6 (1992): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9920739.

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The concluding session of the symposium on Oocyte Donation held in Melbourne in November 1991 focused upon the practical aspects of an oocyte donation programme. A background is here provided to the many exogenous sex steroid replacement regimens and clinical management protocols employed by centres throughout Europe, the United States and Australia. The participants were asked to provide information about their own centres' protocols (Tables 1, 2 and 3). In addition, a panel considered a hypothetical request for oocyte donation. A summarized case history and the ensuing discussion concerning

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16

Choudhary, K., A. Kumar Verma, S. Swaroop, and N. Agrawal. "A review on the molecular characterization of digenean parasites using molecular markers with special reference to ITS region." Helminthologia 52, no. 3 (2015): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helmin-2015-0031.

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Abstract The rDNA region of eukaryotes has the immense potential to resolve the evolutionary and phylogeny problems using molecular markers. As evident from the present review, ITS region data is considered for interpretation of inter and intra-specific variations of 136 studies of 33 families including 78 genus and 114 species affecting individuals worldwide. Along with ITS-1 and ITS-2 region in 29 studies 18S region, in 38 studies 28S region and in 43 studies mitochondrial genes (COI and NDI) were also analyzed. Three new genera (Allobilharzia gen. nov., Caulanus gen. nov., and Latuterus gen

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17

Bellard, C., P. Genovesi, and J. M. Jeschke. "Global patterns in threats to vertebrates by biological invasions." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1823 (2016): 20152454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2454.

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Biological invasions as drivers of biodiversity loss have recently been challenged. Fundamentally, we must know where species that are threatened by invasive alien species (IAS) live, and the degree to which they are threatened. We report the first study linking 1372 vertebrates threatened by more than 200 IAS from the completely revised Global Invasive Species Database. New maps of the vulnerability of threatened vertebrates to IAS permit assessments of whether IAS have a major influence on biodiversity, and if so, which taxonomic groups are threatened and where they are threatened. We found

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18

DEWOODY, J. ANDREW, YSSA D. DEWOODY, ANTHONY C. FIUMERA, and JOHN C. AVISE. "On the number of reproductives contributing to a half-sib progeny array." Genetical Research 75, no. 1 (2000): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672399004000.

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We address various statistical aspects of biological parentage in multi-offspring broods that arise via multiple paternity or multiple maternity and, hence, consist of mixtures of full- and half-sibs. Conditioned on population genetic parameters, computer simulations described herein permit estimation of: (1) the mean number of offspring needed to detect all parental gametes in a brood and (2) the relationship between the number of distinct parental gametes found in a brood and the number of parents. Results are relevant to the design of empirical studies employing molecular markers to assess

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19

Tordoff, Michael G. "Calcium: Taste, Intake, and Appetite." Physiological Reviews 81, no. 4 (2001): 1567–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.2001.81.4.1567.

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This review summarizes research on sensory and behavioral aspects of calcium homeostasis. These are fragmented fields, with essentially independent lines of research involving gustatory electrophysiology in amphibians, ethological studies in wild birds, nutritional studies in poultry, and experimental behavioral studies focused primarily on characterizing the specificity of the appetite in rats. Recently, investigators have begun to examine potential physiological mechanisms underlying calcium intake and appetite. These include changes in the taste perception of calcium, signals related to blo

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20

JAKES, K. A., P. J. O'DONOGHUE, and R. D. ADLARD. "Phylogenetic relationships of Trypanosoma chelodina and Trypanosoma binneyi from Australian tortoises and platypuses inferred from small subunit rRNA analyses." Parasitology 123, no. 5 (2001): 483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182001008721.

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Trypanosome infections are often difficult to detect by conventional microscopy and their pleomorphy often confounds differential diagnosis. Molecular techniques are now being used to diagnose infections and to determine phylogenetic relationships between species. Complete small subunit rRNA gene sequences were determined for isolates of Trypanosoma chelodina from the Brisbane River tortoise (Emydura signata), the saw-shelled tortoise (Elseya latisternum), and the eastern snake-necked tortoise (Chelodina longicollis) from southeast Queensland, Australia. Partial sequence data were also obtaine

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21

Nicolas, Violaine, Violaine Nicolas, Philippe Grandcolas, et al. "Recent species in old Islands: the origin of introduced populations of Litoria aurea (Anura: Hylidae) in New Caledonia and Wallis." Amphibia-Reptilia 36, no. 1 (2015): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00002978.

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New Caledonia is a megadiverse tropical island in the southwest Pacific, however, inhabited by only one species of amphibian, Litoria aurea (Hylidae). We used both molecular (CO1 and ND4 gene sequencing) and morphometric data to explore its geographical origin and timing of colonisation. We tested whether this species arrived through transoceanic dispersal before human arrival in the island, or recently through anthropogenic introduction. We found a weak phylogeographical structure within this species, and lower haplotype diversity in New Zealand, New Caledonia and Wallis compared to Australia

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22

Chaar, Ziad Y., and Catherine Tsilfidis. "Newt Opportunities for Understanding the Dedifferentiation Process." Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.327.

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Urodele amphibians, such as the newtNotophthalmus viridescens, have the unique ability to regenerate limbs, spinal cord, eye structures, and many vital organs through a process called epimorphic regeneration. Although the cellular basis of regeneration has been studied in detail, we know relatively little about the molecular controls of the process. This review provides an overview of forelimb regeneration in the newt, addressing what we know about cellular and molecular aspects. Particular focus is placed on the dedifferentiation process, which yields a population of embryonic-like pluripoten

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23

Wake, Marvalee H., and Maureen A. Donnelly. "A new lungless caecilian (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) from Guyana." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1683 (2009): 915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1662.

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We report the discovery of a single specimen of a small, terrestrial, lungless caecilian, the second known taxon of lungless caecilians. It differs from all other caecilians in lacking open external nares, and from the large aquatic lungless species described by Nussbaum & Wilkinson (Nussbaum, R. A. & Wilkinson, M. 1995 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 261 , 331–335) in having no significant skull modifications. All modifications are of ‘soft morphology’ (covered external nares and choanae, lung and pulmonary vessel loss, etc.). A new genus and species are described to accommodate this form. Aspe

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Vamosi, Jana C., W. Scott Armbruster, and Susanne S. Renner. "Evolutionary ecology of specialization: insights from phylogenetic analysis." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1795 (2014): 20142004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2004.

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In this Special feature, we assemble studies that illustrate phylogenetic approaches to studying salient questions regarding the effect of specialization on lineage diversification. The studies use an array of techniques involving a wide-ranging collection of biological systems (plants, butterflies, fish and amphibians are all represented). Their results reveal that macroevolutionary examination of specialization provides insight into the patterns of trade-offs in specialized systems; in particular, the genetic mechanisms of trade-offs appear to extend to very different aspects of life history

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Kaucka, Marketa, Bara Szarowska, Michaela Kavkova, et al. "Nerve-associated Schwann cell precursors contribute extracutaneous melanocytes to the heart, inner ear, supraorbital locations and brain meninges." Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 78, no. 16 (2021): 6033–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-021-03885-9.

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AbstractMelanocytes are pigmented cells residing mostly in the skin and hair follicles of vertebrates, where they contribute to colouration and protection against UV-B radiation. However, the spectrum of their functions reaches far beyond that. For instance, these pigment-producing cells are found inside the inner ear, where they contribute to the hearing function, and in the heart, where they are involved in the electrical conductivity and support the stiffness of cardiac valves. The embryonic origin of such extracutaneous melanocytes is not clear. We took advantage of lineage-tracing experim

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Sessions, Stanley K., Lilijana Bizjak Mali, David M. Green, Vladimir Trifonov, and Malcolm Ferguson-Smith. "Evidence for Sex Chromosome Turnover in Proteid Salamanders." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 148, no. 4 (2016): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000446882.

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A major goal of genomic and reproductive biology is to understand the evolution of sex determination and sex chromosomes. Species of the 2 genera of the Salamander family Proteidae - Necturus of eastern North America, and Proteus of Southern Europe - have similar-looking karyotypes with the same chromosome number (2n = 38), which differentiates them from all other salamanders. However, Necturus possesses strongly heteromorphic X and Y sex chromosomes that Proteus lacks. Since the heteromorphic sex chromosomes of Necturus were detectable only with C-banding, we hypothesized that we could use C-

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27

Bekes, F., W. Ma, and K. Gale. "QTL analysis of wheat quality traits." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 50, no. 3 (2002): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.50.2002.3.3.

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This paper aims to give an overview on the different aspects of QTL analysis of quality traits of wheat through the brief introduction of molecular genetics, cereal chemistry and the statistical methods developed and applied recently in this area. Some examples are also provided, based on the author's research activity carried out in the National Wheat Molecular Marker Program (NWMMP) established in Australia in 1996.

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Mohanty-Hejmadi, Priyambada. "Introduction of Developmental Biology at Utkal University, (Odisha, India)." International Journal of Developmental Biology 64, no. 1-2-3 (2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ijdb.190232pm.

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The paper deals with the background and the establishment of a Developmental Biology Laboratory in Utkal University in Odisha state. It describes the process from a humble beginning with limited facilities into a leading research centre, initially for amphibians and later for the endangered olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) turtle. Starting from the biology, reproduction and development in many anurans, the laboratory took up research on regeneration, especially on super-regeneration in tadpoles under the influence of morphogens such as vitamin A (retinoids). Treatment with vitamin A after

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POPOVIC, TANJA, ØRJAN OLSVIK, PAUL A. BLAKE, and KAYE WACHSMUTH. "Cholera in the Americas: Foodborne Aspects." Journal of Food Protection 56, no. 9 (1993): 811–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-56.9.811.

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Over 100 serotypes of Vibrio cholerae exist, but generally the toxigenic strains of the serogroup O1 cause cholera and possess documented epidemic potential. The main symptom of cholera is a profuse diarrhea resulting in dehydration, that if untreated, leads to death. Seven pandemics of this contagious disease have been recorded during the last 200 years. A sick person secrets in his stool billions of organisms daily, and water and food contaminated with such a stool are the primary sources of infection during the epidemics. With the increase of the international food trade, food is often ship

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Proshchina, Alexandra, Victoria Gulimova, Anastasia Kharlamova, et al. "Reproduction and the Early Development of Vertebrates in Space: Problems, Results, Opportunities." Life 11, no. 2 (2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11020109.

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Humans and animals adapt to space flight conditions. However, the adaptive changes of fully formed organisms differ radically from the responses of vertebrate embryos, foetuses, and larvae to space flight. Development is associated with active cell proliferation and the formation of organs and systems. The instability of these processes is well known. Over 20 years has passed since the last systematic experiments on vertebrate reproduction and development in space flight. At the same time, programs are being prepared for the exploration of Mars and the Moon, which justifies further investigati

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Ponomareva, D. V. "Patenting of Human Genes: The United States, Canada and Australia Case Law." Actual Problems of Russian Law, no. 9 (October 5, 2019): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2019.106.9.166-173.

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The paper is a review of the case law of the United States of America, Canada and Australia, in which an attempt is made to answer the question on possibility of human gene patenting. The paper substantiates the relevance of this issue, examines the ethical aspects of gene patenting. The author analyzes the landmark and most significant cases from the point of view of the development of patent law of foreign countries: Diamond v. Chakrabarty (USA), Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics (USA), Myriad v. Cancer Voices (Australia), The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO

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Lamichhaney, Sangeet, Renee Catullo, J. Scott Keogh, Simon Clulow, Scott V. Edwards, and Tariq Ezaz. "A bird-like genome from a frog: Mechanisms of genome size reduction in the ornate burrowing frog, Platyplectrum ornatum." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 11 (2021): e2011649118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011649118.

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The diversity of genome sizes across the tree of life is of key interest in evolutionary biology. Various correlates of variation in genome size, such as accumulation of transposable elements (TEs) or rate of DNA gain and loss, are well known, but the underlying molecular mechanisms driving or constraining genome size are poorly understood. Here, we study one of the smallest genomes among frogs characterized thus far, that of the ornate burrowing frog (Platyplectrum ornatum) from Australia, and compare it to other published frog and vertebrate genomes to examine the forces driving reduction in

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Cox, LW. "The Role of Accreditation Committees in Oocyte Donation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 4, no. 6 (1992): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9920731.

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The formation of the Reproductive Technology Accreditation Committee of the Fertility Society of Australia is recorded. In the three Australian States that have legislated in respect of reproductive technology, the role of the Committee has been recognized and, in two States, representatives of the State Authority join the Committee for the official visits to the clinics. Accreditation by the Committee is required before a licence to operate is issued. The Committee's modus operandi is described. Aspects of the Committee's discussions on oocyte donation are described. These include oocyte coll

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FANCIULLI, PIETRO PAOLO, CHIARA LEO, PETER CONVEY, FRANCESCO FRATI, and ANTONIO CARAPELLI. "Redescription and neotype designation of the Antarctic springtail Folsomotoma octooculata (Collembola: Isotomidae)." Zootaxa 4392, no. 2 (2018): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4392.2.11.

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The growing interest in Antarctic collembolan species has led us to re-evaluate both the morphological and molecular aspects of different species adapted to the extreme Antarctic environment. The genus Folsomotoma includes nine species mainly distributed in Antarctic and subantarctic areas and a few additionally from Australia and South America. We herein designate the neotype of Folsomotoma octooculata (Willem 1901) and redescribe its morphological characters with particular emphasis on the sensory and ordinary chaetotaxy. Furthermore, based on analyses of both our new and previously publishe

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Desquesnes, Marc, Alan Dargantes, De-Hua Lai, Zhao-Rong Lun, Philippe Holzmuller, and Sathaporn Jittapalapong. "Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Transmission, Epidemiology and Control, Impact, and Zoonotic Aspects." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/321237.

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This paper reviews the transmission modes ofTrypanosoma evansi. Its worldwide distribution is attributed to mechanical transmission. While the role of tabanids is clear, we raise questions on the relative role ofHaematobiasp. and the possible role ofStomoxyssp. in delayed transmission. A review of the available trypanocidal drugs and their efficacy in various host species is useful for understanding how they interact in disease epidemiology, which is complex. Although there are similarities with other mechanically transmitted trypanosomes,T. evansihas a more complex epidemiology due to the div

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Shih, J., and R. Keller. "The epithelium of the dorsal marginal zone of Xenopus has organizer properties." Development 116, no. 4 (1992): 887–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.116.4.887.

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We have investigated the properties of the epithelial layer of the dorsal marginal zone (DMZ) of the Xenopus laevis early gastrula and found that it has inductive properties similar to those of the entire Spemann organizer. When grafts of the epithelial layer of the DMZ of early gastrulae labelled with fluorescein dextran were transplanted to the ventral sides of unlabelled host embryos, they induced secondary axes composed of notochord, somites and posterior neural tube. The organizer epithelium rescued embryos ventralized by UV irradiation, inducing notochord, somites and posterior neural tu

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SBISSI, IMED, IMEN NOUIOUI, AZIZ TÜRKOGLU, MOHAMED NEFFATI, and MAHER GTARI. "Revision of the genus Reddellomyces (Tuberaceae): a combination of molecular and morphological analysis provides insights into species diversity." Phytotaxa 439, no. 3 (2020): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.439.3.2.

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The Australian genus Reddellomyces comprises several closely related symbiotic ascomycetes with chambered gleba (solid ptychothecium), ornamented ascospores and cylindrical paraphyses that are sometimes difficult to identify based on morphological aspects. Several Reddellomyces species are spread with their Australian host plants (Eucalyptus and Acacia) worldwide including Mediterranean areas. Specimens of an unusual truffle were collected from Acacia saligna stands in Tunisian semi-arid lands and eucalypt forest of Antalya (Turkey) dominated by E. camaldulensis Dehnh. and E. grandis W. Hill.

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BARRATT, JOEL, DOUGLAS CHAN, INDY SANDARADURA, et al. "Angiostrongylus cantonensis: a review of its distribution, molecular biology and clinical significance as a human pathogen." Parasitology 143, no. 9 (2016): 1087–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182016000652.

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SUMMARYAngiostrongylus cantonensisis a metastrongyloid nematode found widely in the Asia-Pacific region, and the aetiological agent of angiostrongyliasis; a disease characterized by eosinophilic meningitis.Rattusrats are definitive hosts ofA. cantonensis, while intermediate hosts include terrestrial and aquatic molluscs. Humans are dead-end hosts that usually become infected upon ingestion of infected molluscs. A presumptive diagnosis is often made based on clinical features, a history of mollusc consumption, eosinophilic pleocytosis in cerebral spinal fluid, and advanced imaging such as compu

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Conyers, Lawrence, Mary-Jean Sutton, and Emma St. Pierre. "Dissecting and Interpreting a Three-Dimensional Ground-Penetrating Radar Dataset: An Example from Northern Australia." Sensors 19, no. 5 (2019): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051239.

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A robust 3-D GPR dataset provides interpreters with a variety of methods for extracting important information at buried archaeological sites. An iterative approach that uses reflection profile analysis, amplitude slice-mapping, and often both in conjunction is often necessary as neither method by itself is sufficient. In northern Australia, two constructed mounds contain a number of cultural and geological horizons and features, which can be imaged with GPR. The reflection profiles display the modified ground surface prior to mound construction and some initial construction layers. On the pre-

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Nossent, J., W. Raymond, H. Keen, D. Preen, and C. Inderjeeth. "AB1274 ADULT-ONSET STILL’S DISEASE IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA: EPIDEMIOLOGY, COMORBIDITY AND LONG-TERM OUTCOME." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1745.1–1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.465.

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BackgroundAdult-onset Stills disease (AOSD) is a rare, potentially life-threatening autoinflammatory condition for which the reported prevalence shows regional variation and where comparative long-term outcome data are scarce (1).ObjectivesTo investigate annual incidence and point prevalence of AOSD in Western Australia (WA) and compare long-term health-related outcomes between AOSD patients and hospital-based controls.MethodsPopulation-based cohort study using longitudinally linked administrative health data from all hospitals in WA between 1999 and 2013. ASD patients (ICD-10-AM code M06.1) w

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Gollan, Natalie, and Kate Barclay. "'It's not just about fish': Assessing the social impacts of marine protected areas on the wellbeing of coastal communities in New South Wales." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0244605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244605.

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Managing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) is about managing human behaviours, but decision-making processes have traditionally focussed on ecological aspects, treating social aspects as secondary. It is now becoming more evident that an equal focus on the ecological and social aspects is required. Without the collection of information about social aspect such as impacts and sharing this as well as ecological information with communities, MPAs are at higher risk of opposition and social acceptability problems. This paper explores the development of a wellbeing framework to understand the social as

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George, Alex S. "Proteus in Australia. An overview of the current state of taxonomy of the Australian Proteaceae." Australian Systematic Botany 11, no. 4 (1998): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb98024.

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With the Proteaceae completed for the ‘Flora of Australia’, we now have a reasonably accurate picture of its alpha systematics. Currently the family world-wide contains some 1769 species in 80 genera. In Australia there are 1093 species (c. 61.7 % of the world total) in 46 genera (57.5 %); about 99% of the species are endemic. Where do we go now? For many small genera (e.g. Franklandia, Austromuellera) the alpha taxonomy is settled, but in some small and all larger genera further research at specific and infrageneric level is needed, especially into highly variable ‘species’ (e.g. Banksia marg

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Kalair, Ali Raza, Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian, Muhammad Shoaib Saleem, Naeem Abas, Shoaib Rauf, and Alex Stojcevski. "A Comparative Thermal Performance Assessment of Various Solar Collectors for Domestic Water Heating." International Journal of Photoenergy 2022 (June 16, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9536772.

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Growing population, depleting fossil fuels, economic expansions, and energy intensive life style demand are resulting in higher energy prices. We use energy as of heat and electricity, which can directly be obtained from sun using thermal collectors and solar cells. Solar thermal systems are gaining attention for water and space heating applications due to green aspects of solar energy. A solar thermal collector is a vital part of solar thermal energy system to absorb radiant energy from the sun. In this study, a solar water heating (SWH) system has been designed and simulated in the TRNSYS ®

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Akison, L. K., P. H. Andraweera, M. J. Bertoldo, et al. "The current state of reproductive biology research in Australia and New Zealand: core themes from the Society for Reproductive Biology Annual Meeting, 2016." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 29, no. 10 (2017): 1883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd16382.

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Because reproduction is essential for all life, it is central to our understanding of all aspects of biology. The Society for Reproductive Biology (SRB) 2016 conference held on the Gold Coast (Qld, Australia) displayed the current breadth of reproductive research in Australia and New Zealand, with additional insights from world leaders in the field. This conference review provides a focused summary of the key questions, emerging ideas and novel technologies that were presented in the symposia. Presented research demonstrated key advances in how stem cell biology may allow us to better understa

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Jakab, Ákos, Pascal Kahlig, Esther Kuenzli, and Andreas Neumayr. "Tick borne relapsing fever - a systematic review and analysis of the literature." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 2 (2022): e0010212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010212.

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Tick borne relapsing fever (TBRF) is a zoonosis caused by various Borrelia species transmitted to humans by both soft-bodied and (more recently recognized) hard-bodied ticks. In recent years, molecular diagnostic techniques have allowed to extend our knowledge on the global epidemiological picture of this neglected disease. Nevertheless, due to the patchy occurrence of the disease and the lack of large clinical studies, the knowledge on several clinical aspects of the disease remains limited. In order to shed light on some of these aspects, we have systematically reviewed the literature on TBR

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Rizwan, Komal, Ismat Majeed, Muhammad Bilal, Tahir Rasheed, Ahmad Shakeel, and Shahid Iqbal. "Phytochemistry and Diverse Pharmacology of Genus Mimosa: A Review." Biomolecules 12, no. 1 (2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12010083.

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The genus Mimosa belongs to the Fabaceae family and comprises almost 400 species of herbs, shrubs and ornamental trees. The genus Mimosa is found all over the tropics and subtropics of Asia, Africa, South America, North America and Australia. Traditionally, this genus has been popular for the treatment of jaundice, diarrhea, fever, toothache, wound healing, asthma, leprosy, vaginal and urinary complaints, skin diseases, piles, gastrointestinal disorders, small pox, hepatitis, tumor, HIV, ulcers and ringworm. The review covered literature available from 1959 to 2020 collected from books, scient

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Myburg, Henrietta, Marieka Gryzenhout, Brenda D. Wingfield та Michael J. Wingfield. "β-Tubulin and histoneH3gene sequences distinguishCryphonectria cubensisfrom South Africa, Asia, and South America". Canadian Journal of Botany 80, № 6 (2002): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-039.

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Cryphonectria cubensis (Bruner) Hodges is the causal agent of an important stem canker disease of Eucalyptus. Previous phylogenetic studies based on sequence data have shown that C. cubensis is distinct from other species of Cryphonectria but that C. cubensis isolates reside in two distinct groups, consistent with geographical origin. Thus, isolates of C. cubensis from South America and South Africa grouped together but apart from those originating from Southeast Asia and Australia. These results were in contrast with the symptoms of Cryphonectria canker in South Africa, which are different fr

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Wrigley, CW. "Developing better strategies to improve grain quality for wheat." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, no. 1 (1994): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9940001.

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There are opportunities to improve the quality and-market value of wheat grain at all stages of production, storage and transport. An essential pre-requisite is a thorough knowledge of market requirements, both for the coming crop season and well into the future in the case of breeding programs and research planning. Elucidation of the molecular basis of grain quality is an important part of the overall strategy of quality improvement. The outcome expected from such studies will be the identification of key chemical components that can serve as markers for specific aspects of grain quality. Th

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Gibbs, L., K. Block, C. MacDougall, et al. "Ethical Use and Impact of Participatory Approaches to Research in Post-Disaster Environments: An Australian Bushfire Case Study." BioMed Research International 2018 (June 11, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5621609.

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This paper presents a case study of Beyond Bushfires, a large, multisite, mixed method study of the psychosocial impacts of major bushfires in Victoria, Australia. A participatory approach was employed throughout the study which was led by a team of academic investigators in partnership with service providers and government representatives and used on-site visits and multiple methods of communication with communities across the state to inform decision-making throughout the study. The ethics and impacts of conducting and adapting the approach within a post-disaster context will be discussed in

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Speers, David J. "The role of microbiology in gonococcal control in the West: helping to understand the enemy." Microbiology Australia 38, no. 4 (2017): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma17061.

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Western Australia (WA), Australia's largest state by area, has one of the highest notification rates of gonorrhoea in the world. This is likely a reflection of the challenges of providing health services over a vast remote area combined with a unique set of sociocultural aspects. Despite this, microbiology can play a pivotal role in the public health management of gonorrhoea even if the primary health services are thousands of kilometres away from the laboratory. However, it requires new approaches to how diagnostic testing and laboratory surveillance are conducted and the repurposing of exist

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